메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 1-28

In Vitro Selection of Functional Oligonucleotides and the Origins of Biochemical Activity

Author keywords

Aptamer handbook; Deoxyribozymes; Functional oligonucleotides; History; in vitro selection; Origins of biochemical activity; Ribozymes; Technological developments; Theoretical background

Indexed keywords


EID: 84889294506     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/3527608192.ch1     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (12)

References (156)
  • 1
    • 3042683172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Information theory in molecular biology
    • Adami, C. (2004). Information theory in molecular biology. Phys Life Rev 1, 3-22.
    • (2004) Phys Life Rev , vol.1 , pp. 3-22
    • Adami, C.1
  • 2
    • 0347314981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical complexity of symbolic sequences
    • Adami, C., Cerf, N. J. (2000). Physical complexity of symbolic sequences. Physica D (Amsterdam) 37, 62-69.
    • (2000) Physica D (Amsterdam) , vol.37 , pp. 62-69
    • Adami, C.1    Cerf, N.J.2
  • 3
    • 8844286070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The place of metabolism in the origin of life
    • Anet, F.A. (2004). The place of metabolism in the origin of life. Curr Opin Chem Biol 8, 654-659.
    • (2004) Curr Opin Chem Biol , vol.8 , pp. 654-659
    • Anet, F.A.1
  • 4
    • 0344430112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aptamers switch on fluorescence of triphenylmethane dyes
    • Babendure, J.R., Adams, S.R., Tsien, R.Y. (2003). Aptamers switch on fluorescence of triphenylmethane dyes. J Am Chem Soc 125, 14716-14717.
    • (2003) J Am Chem Soc , vol.125 , pp. 14716-14717
    • Babendure, J.R.1    Adams, S.R.2    Tsien, R.Y.3
  • 6
    • 0027488624 scopus 로고
    • Isolation of a new ribozymes from a large pool of random sequences
    • Bartel, D.P., Szostak, J.W. (1993). Isolation of a new ribozymes from a large pool of random sequences. Science 261, 1411-1418.
    • (1993) Science , vol.261 , pp. 1411-1418
    • Bartel, D.P.1    Szostak, J.W.2
  • 7
    • 0033610480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative analysis of receptors for adenosine nucleotides obtained via in vitro selection from a library incorporating a cationic nucleotide analog
    • Battersby, T.R., Ang, D.N., Burgstaller, P., Jurczyk, S.C., Bowser, M.T., Buchanan, D.D., Kennedy, R.T., Benner, S.A. (1999). Quantitative analysis of receptors for adenosine nucleotides obtained via in vitro selection from a library incorporating a cationic nucleotide analog. J Am Chem Soc 121, 9781-9789.
    • (1999) J Am Chem Soc , vol.121 , pp. 9781-9789
    • Battersby, T.R.1    Ang, D.N.2    Burgstaller, P.3    Jurczyk, S.C.4    Bowser, M.T.5    Buchanan, D.D.6    Kennedy, R.T.7    Benner, S.A.8
  • 8
    • 0023916814 scopus 로고
    • RNA as an RNA polymerase: net elongation of an RNA primer catalyzed by the Tetrahymena ribozyme
    • Been, M.D., Cech, T.R. (1988). RNA as an RNA polymerase: net elongation of an RNA primer catalyzed by the Tetrahymena ribozyme. Science 238, 1412-1416.
    • (1988) Science , vol.238 , pp. 1412-1416
    • Been, M.D.1    Cech, T.R.2
  • 9
    • 0037426848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthetic biology: Act natural
    • Benner, S.A. (2003). Synthetic biology: Act natural. Nature 421, 118.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.421 , pp. 118
    • Benner, S.A.1
  • 10
    • 6944225455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding nucleic acids using synthetic chemistry
    • Benner, S.A. (2004). Understanding nucleic acids using synthetic chemistry. Acc Chem Res 37, 784-797.
    • (2004) Acc Chem Res , vol.37 , pp. 784-797
    • Benner, S.A.1
  • 11
    • 0003000419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Did the RNA world exploit an expanded genetic alphabet?
    • In: The RNAWorld, 2nd edn, Gesteland, R.F., Cech, T.R., Atkins, J.F., eds. New York: Cold Spring Harbor Press
    • Benner, S.A., Burgstaller, P., Battersby, T.R., Jurczyk, S (1999). Did the RNA world exploit an expanded genetic alphabet? In: The RNAWorld, 2nd edn, Gesteland, R.F., Cech, T.R., Atkins, J.F., eds. New York: Cold Spring Harbor Press, pp. 163-181.
    • (1999) , pp. 163-181
    • Benner, S.A.1    Burgstaller, P.2    Battersby, T.R.3    Jurczyk, S.4
  • 12
    • 0034696587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetic framework for ligation by an efficient RNA ligase ribozyme
    • Bergman, N.H., Johnston, W.K., Bartel, D.P. (2000). Kinetic framework for ligation by an efficient RNA ligase ribozyme. Biochemistry 39, 3115-3123.
    • (2000) Biochemistry , vol.39 , pp. 3115-3123
    • Bergman, N.H.1    Johnston, W.K.2    Bartel, D.P.3
  • 13
    • 0346728679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro compartmentalization by double emulsions: sorting and gene enrichment by fluorescence activated cell sorting
    • Bernath, K., Hai, M., Mastrobattista, E., Griffiths, A.D., Magdassi, S., Tawfik, D.S. (2004). In vitro compartmentalization by double emulsions: sorting and gene enrichment by fluorescence activated cell sorting. Anal Biochem 325, 151-157.
    • (2004) Anal Biochem , vol.325 , pp. 151-157
    • Bernath, K.1    Hai, M.2    Mastrobattista, E.3    Griffiths, A.D.4    Magdassi, S.5    Tawfik, D.S.6
  • 14
    • 18044391361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Covalent DNA display as a novel tool for directed evolution of proteins in vitro
    • Bertschinger, J., Neri, D. (2004). Covalent DNA display as a novel tool for directed evolution of proteins in vitro. Protein Eng Des Sel 17, 699-707.
    • (2004) Protein Eng Des Sel , vol.17 , pp. 699-707
    • Bertschinger, J.1    Neri, D.2
  • 15
    • 0026575221 scopus 로고
    • Selection of single-stranded DNA molecules that bind and inhibit human thrombin
    • Bock, L.C., Griffin, L.C., Latham, J.A., Vermaas, E.H., Toole, J.J. (1992). Selection of single-stranded DNA molecules that bind and inhibit human thrombin. Nature 355, 564-566.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.355 , pp. 564-566
    • Bock, L.C.1    Griffin, L.C.2    Latham, J.A.3    Vermaas, E.H.4    Toole, J.J.5
  • 16
    • 0027946423 scopus 로고
    • Continuous in vitro evolution of bacteriophage RNA polymerase promoters
    • Breaker, R.R., Banerji, A., Joyce, G.F. (1994). Continuous in vitro evolution of bacteriophage RNA polymerase promoters. Biochemistry 33, 11980-11986.
    • (1994) Biochemistry , vol.33 , pp. 11980-11986
    • Breaker, R.R.1    Banerji, A.2    Joyce, G.F.3
  • 17
    • 0035747243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomimetic selectivity
    • Breslow, R. (2001). Biomimetic selectivity. Chem Rec 1, 3-11.
    • (2001) Chem Rec , vol.1 , pp. 3-11
    • Breslow, R.1
  • 18
    • 0020594894 scopus 로고
    • Pb(II)-catalysed cleavage of the sugar-phosphate backbone of yeast tRNAPhe-implications for lead toxicity and self-splicing RNA
    • Brown, R.S., Hingerty, B.E., Dewan, J.C., Klug, A. (1983). Pb(II)-catalysed cleavage of the sugar-phosphate backbone of yeast tRNAPhe-implications for lead toxicity and self-splicing RNA. Nature 303, 543-546.
    • (1983) Nature , vol.303 , pp. 543-546
    • Brown, R.S.1    Hingerty, B.E.2    Dewan, J.C.3    Klug, A.4
  • 19
    • 0027995790 scopus 로고
    • Isolation of RNA aptamers for biological cofactors by in vitro selection
    • Burgstaller, P., Famulok, M. (1994). Isolation of RNA aptamers for biological cofactors by in vitro selection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 33, 1084-1087.
    • (1994) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl , vol.33 , pp. 1084-1087
    • Burgstaller, P.1    Famulok, M.2
  • 20
    • 0030833542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNA aptamers to the adenosine moiety of S-adenosyl methionine: structural inferences from variations on a theme and the reproducibility of SELEX
    • Burke, D.H., Gold, L. (1997). RNA aptamers to the adenosine moiety of S-adenosyl methionine: structural inferences from variations on a theme and the reproducibility of SELEX. Nucleic Acids Res 25, 2020-2024.
    • (1997) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.25 , pp. 2020-2024
    • Burke, D.H.1    Gold, L.2
  • 21
    • 8844275985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nucleic-acidtemplated synthesis as a model system for ancient translation
    • Calderone, C.T., Liu, D.R. (2004). Nucleic-acidtemplated synthesis as a model system for ancient translation. Curr Opin Chem Biol 8, 645-653.
    • (2004) Curr Opin Chem Biol , vol.8 , pp. 645-653
    • Calderone, C.T.1    Liu, D.R.2
  • 22
    • 0033485280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The parallel and convergent universes of polyketide synthases and nonribosomal peptide synthetases
    • Cane, D.E., Walsh, C.T. (1999). The parallel and convergent universes of polyketide synthases and nonribosomal peptide synthetases. Chem Biol 6, R319-325.
    • (1999) Chem Biol , vol.6
    • Cane, D.E.1    Walsh, C.T.2
  • 23
    • 1942489258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Informational complexity and functional activity of RNA structures
    • Carothers, J.M., Oestreich, S.C., Davis, J.H., Szostak, J.W. (2004). Informational complexity and functional activity of RNA structures. J Am Chem Soc 126, 5130-5135.
    • (2004) J Am Chem Soc , vol.126 , pp. 5130-5135
    • Carothers, J.M.1    Oestreich, S.C.2    Davis, J.H.3    Szostak, J.W.4
  • 24
    • 0011190457 scopus 로고
    • A model for the RNA-catalyzed replication of RNA
    • Cech, T.R. (1986). A model for the RNA-catalyzed replication of RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83, 4360-4363.
    • (1986) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.83 , pp. 4360-4363
    • Cech, T.R.1
  • 25
    • 0036863325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ribozymes, the first 20 years
    • Cech, T.R. (2002). Ribozymes, the first 20 years. Biochem Soc Trans 30, 1162-1166.
    • (2002) Biochem Soc Trans , vol.30 , pp. 1162-1166
    • Cech, T.R.1
  • 26
    • 0141606847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combinatorial minimization and secondary structure determination of a nucleotide synthase ribozyme
    • Chapple, K.E., Bartel, D.P., Unrau, P.J. (2003). Combinatorial minimization and secondary structure determination of a nucleotide synthase ribozyme. RNA 9, 1208-1220.
    • (2003) RNA , vol.9 , pp. 1208-1220
    • Chapple, K.E.1    Bartel, D.P.2    Unrau, P.J.3
  • 27
    • 0043210727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TNA synthesis by DNA polymerases
    • Chaput, J.C., Szostak, J.W. (2003). TNA synthesis by DNA polymerases. J Am Chem Soc 125, 9274-9275.
    • (2003) J Am Chem Soc , vol.125 , pp. 9274-9275
    • Chaput, J.C.1    Szostak, J.W.2
  • 28
    • 0037471633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA polymerase-mediated DNA synthesis on a TNA template
    • Chaput, J.C., Ichida, J.K., Szostak, J.W. (2003). DNA polymerase-mediated DNA synthesis on a TNA template. J Am Chem Soc 125, 856-857.
    • (2003) J Am Chem Soc , vol.125 , pp. 856-857
    • Chaput, J.C.1    Ichida, J.K.2    Szostak, J.W.3
  • 29
    • 0037191747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Venter aims for maximum impact with minimal genome
    • Check, E. (2002). Venter aims for maximum impact with minimal genome. Nature 420, 350.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.420 , pp. 350
    • Check, E.1
  • 30
    • 4444326623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of a T7 RNA polymerase variant that transcribes 2'-O-methyl RNA
    • Chelliserrykattil, J., Ellington, A.D. (2004). Evolution of a T7 RNA polymerase variant that transcribes 2'-O-methyl RNA. Nat Biotechnol 22, 1155-1160.
    • (2004) Nat Biotechnol , vol.22 , pp. 1155-1160
    • Chelliserrykattil, J.1    Ellington, A.D.2
  • 31
    • 4444281964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emergence of competition between model protocells
    • Chen, I.A., Roberts, R.W., Szostak, J.W. (2004). The emergence of competition between model protocells. Science 305, 1474-1476.
    • (2004) Science , vol.305 , pp. 1474-1476
    • Chen, I.A.1    Roberts, R.W.2    Szostak, J.W.3
  • 32
    • 0842313326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altering the sequence specificity of HaeIII methyltransferase by directed evolution using in vitro compartmentalization
    • Cohen, H.M., Tawfik, D.S., Griffiths, A.D. (2004). Altering the sequence specificity of HaeIII methyltransferase by directed evolution using in vitro compartmentalization. Protein Eng Des Sel 17, 3-11.
    • (2004) Protein Eng Des Sel , vol.17 , pp. 3-11
    • Cohen, H.M.1    Tawfik, D.S.2    Griffiths, A.D.3
  • 33
    • 0036359632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Panning of antibody phage-display libraries. Standard protocols
    • Coomber, D.W. (2002). Panning of antibody phage-display libraries. Standard protocols. Methods Mol Biol 178, 133-145.
    • (2002) Methods Mol Biol , vol.178 , pp. 133-145
    • Coomber, D.W.1
  • 34
    • 1642415515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The direct catalytic asymmetric mannich reaction
    • Cordova, A. (2004). The direct catalytic asymmetric mannich reaction. Acc Chem Res 37, 102-112.
    • (2004) Acc Chem Res , vol.37 , pp. 102-112
    • Cordova, A.1
  • 35
    • 0037015034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation of high-affinity GTP aptamers from partiallystructured RNA libraries
    • Davis, J.D., Szostak, J.W. (2002). Isolation of high-affinity GTP aptamers from partiallystructured RNA libraries. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99, 11616-11621.
    • (2002) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.99 , pp. 11616-11621
    • Davis, J.D.1    Szostak, J.W.2
  • 36
    • 0029904020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solution structure of an ATP-binding RNA aptamer reveals a novel fold
    • Dieckmann, T., Suzuki, E., Nakamura, G.K., Feigon, J. (1996). Solution structure of an ATP-binding RNA aptamer reveals a novel fold. RNA 2, 628-640.
    • (1996) RNA , vol.2 , pp. 628-640
    • Dieckmann, T.1    Suzuki, E.2    Nakamura, G.K.3    Feigon, J.4
  • 37
    • 0037062949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The chemical repertoire of natural ribozymes
    • Doudna, J.A., Cech, T.R. (2002). The chemical repertoire of natural ribozymes. Nature 418, 222-228.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.418 , pp. 222-228
    • Doudna, J.A.1    Cech, T.R.2
  • 38
    • 0024475234 scopus 로고
    • RNA-catalysed synthesis of complementary-strand RNA
    • Doudna, J.A., Szostak, J.W. (1989). RNA-catalysed synthesis of complementary-strand RNA. Nature 339, 519-522.
    • (1989) Nature , vol.339 , pp. 519-522
    • Doudna, J.A.1    Szostak, J.W.2
  • 39
    • 0029379551 scopus 로고
    • Let's get specific: the relationship between specificity and affinity
    • Eaton, B.E., Gold, L., Zichi, D.A. (1995) Let's get specific: the relationship between specificity and affinity. Chem Biol 2, 633-638.
    • (1995) Chem Biol , vol.2 , pp. 633-638
    • Eaton, B.E.1    Gold, L.2    Zichi, D.A.3
  • 40
    • 0029093855 scopus 로고
    • The secondary structure and sequence optimization of an RNA ligase ribozyme
    • Ekland, E.H., Bartel, D.P. (1995). The secondary structure and sequence optimization of an RNA ligase ribozyme. Nucleic Acids Res 23, 3231-3238.
    • (1995) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.23 , pp. 3231-3238
    • Ekland, E.H.1    Bartel, D.P.2
  • 41
    • 0029832218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNA-catalysed RNA polymerization using nucleoside triphosphates
    • Ekland, E.H., Bartel, D.P. (1996). RNA-catalysed RNA polymerization using nucleoside triphosphates. Nature 382, 373-376.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 373-376
    • Ekland, E.H.1    Bartel, D.P.2
  • 42
    • 0029147392 scopus 로고
    • Structurally complex and highly active RNA ligases derive from random RNA sequences
    • Ekland, E.H., Szostak, J.W., and Bartel, D.P. (1995). Structurally complex and highly active RNA ligases derive from random RNA sequences. Science 269, 364-370.
    • (1995) Science , vol.269 , pp. 364-370
    • Ekland, E.H.1    Szostak, J.W.2    Bartel, D.P.3
  • 43
    • 0033215167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small nucleolar RNAs
    • Eliceiri, G.L. (1999). Small nucleolar RNAs. Cell Mol Life Sci 56, 22-31.
    • (1999) Cell Mol Life Sci , vol.56 , pp. 22-31
    • Eliceiri, G.L.1
  • 44
    • 0025074907 scopus 로고
    • In vitro selection of RNA molecules that bind specific ligands
    • Ellington, A.D., Szostak, J.W. (1990). In vitro selection of RNA molecules that bind specific ligands. Nature 346, 818-822.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.346 , pp. 818-822
    • Ellington, A.D.1    Szostak, J.W.2
  • 45
    • 0026599465 scopus 로고
    • Selection in vitro of single-stranded DNA molecules that fold into specific ligand binding structures
    • Ellington, A.D., Szostak, J.W. (1992). Selection in vitro of single-stranded DNA molecules that fold into specific ligand binding structures. Nature 355,850-852.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.355 , pp. 850-852
    • Ellington, A.D.1    Szostak, J.W.2
  • 46
    • 0344326234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical etiology of nucleic acid structure
    • Eschenmoser, A. (1999). Chemical etiology of nucleic acid structure. Science 284, 2118-2124.
    • (1999) Science , vol.284 , pp. 2118-2124
    • Eschenmoser, A.1
  • 47
    • 1542579763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The TNA-family of nucleic acid systems: properties and prospects
    • Eschenmoser, A. (2004). The TNA-family of nucleic acid systems: properties and prospects. Orig Life Evol Biosph 34, 277-306.
    • (2004) Orig Life Evol Biosph , vol.34 , pp. 277-306
    • Eschenmoser, A.1
  • 49
    • 0019128225 scopus 로고
    • RNase P of Bacillus subtilis has a RNA component
    • Gardiner, K., Pace, N.R. (1980). RNase P of Bacillus subtilis has a RNA component. J Biol Chem 255, 7507-7509.
    • (1980) J Biol Chem , vol.255 , pp. 7507-7509
    • Gardiner, K.1    Pace, N.R.2
  • 50
    • 4644350506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNAtemplated organic synthesis and selection of a library of macrocycles
    • Gartner, Z.J., Tse, B.N., Grubina, R., Doyon, J.B., Snyder, T.M., Liu, D.R. (2004). DNAtemplated organic synthesis and selection of a library of macrocycles. Science 305, 1601-1605.
    • (2004) Science , vol.305 , pp. 1601-1605
    • Gartner, Z.J.1    Tse, B.N.2    Grubina, R.3    Doyon, J.B.4    Snyder, T.M.5    Liu, D.R.6
  • 51
    • 0347482479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nucleobase pairing in expanded Watson-Crick-like genetic information systems
    • Geyer, C.R., Battersby, T.R., Benner, S.A. (2003). Nucleobase pairing in expanded Watson-Crick-like genetic information systems. Structure (Camb) 11, 1485-1498.
    • (2003) Structure (Camb) , vol.11 , pp. 1485-1498
    • Geyer, C.R.1    Battersby, T.R.2    Benner, S.A.3
  • 52
    • 0035836707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Directed evolution of polymerase function by compartmentalized self-replication
    • Ghadessy, F.J., Ong, J.L., Holliger, P. (2001). Directed evolution of polymerase function by compartmentalized self-replication. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98, 4552-4557.
    • (2001) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.98 , pp. 4552-4557
    • Ghadessy, F.J.1    Ong, J.L.2    Holliger, P.3
  • 54
    • 36849148382 scopus 로고
    • The RNA World
    • Gilbert, W. (1986). The RNA World. Nature 319, 618.
    • (1986) Nature , vol.319 , pp. 618
    • Gilbert, W.1
  • 55
    • 0037172779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metal ion requirements for structure and catalysis of an RNA ligase ribozyme
    • Glasner, M.E., Bergman, N.H., Bartel, D.P. (2002). Metal ion requirements for structure and catalysis of an RNA ligase ribozyme. Biochemistry 41, 8103-8112.
    • (2002) Biochemistry , vol.41 , pp. 8103-8112
    • Glasner, M.E.1    Bergman, N.H.2    Bartel, D.P.3
  • 56
    • 33746167205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On genetic information and genetic coding
    • In: The Scope of Logic, Methodology, and the Philosophy of Science, P. Gardenfors, J. Wolenski, K. Kajania-Placek, eds. Dordrecht: Kluwer
    • Godfrey-Smith, P. (2002). On genetic information and genetic coding. In: The Scope of Logic, Methodology, and the Philosophy of Science, Vol. II. P. Gardenfors, J. Wolenski, K. Kajania-Placek, eds. Dordrecht: Kluwer, pp. 387-400.
    • (2002) , vol.II , pp. 387-400
    • Godfrey-Smith, P.1
  • 57
    • 0025084575 scopus 로고
    • In vitro genetic analysis of the Tetrahymena self-splicing intron
    • Green, R., Ellington, A.D., Szostak, J.W. (1990). In vitro genetic analysis of the Tetrahymena self-splicing intron. Nature 347, 406-408.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.347 , pp. 406-408
    • Green, R.1    Ellington, A.D.2    Szostak, J.W.3
  • 58
    • 0033908031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Man-made enzymes-from design to in vitro compartmentalisation
    • Griffiths, A.D., Tawfik, D.S. (2000). Man-made enzymes-from design to in vitro compartmentalisation. Curr Opin Biotechnol 11, 338-353.
    • (2000) Curr Opin Biotechnol , vol.11 , pp. 338-353
    • Griffiths, A.D.1    Tawfik, D.S.2
  • 59
    • 0037413687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Directed evolution of an extremely fast phosphotriesterase by in vitro compartmentalization
    • Griffiths, A.D., Tawfik, D.S. (2003). Directed evolution of an extremely fast phosphotriesterase by in vitro compartmentalization. EMBO J 22, 24-35.
    • (2003) EMBO J , vol.22 , pp. 24-35
    • Griffiths, A.D.1    Tawfik, D.S.2
  • 60
    • 0021013526 scopus 로고
    • The RNA moiety of ribonuclease P is the catalytic subunit of the enzyme
    • Guerrier-Takada, C., Gardiner, K., Marsh, T., Pace, N., Altman, S. (1983). The RNA moiety of ribonuclease P is the catalytic subunit of the enzyme. Cell 35, 849-857.
    • (1983) Cell , vol.35 , pp. 849-857
    • Guerrier-Takada, C.1    Gardiner, K.2    Marsh, T.3    Pace, N.4    Altman, S.5
  • 61
    • 19344373204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA display II. Genetic manipulation of combinatorial chemistry libraries for small-molecule evolution
    • Halpin, D.R., Harbury, P.B. (2004). DNA display II. Genetic manipulation of combinatorial chemistry libraries for small-molecule evolution. PLoS Biol 2, E174.
    • (2004) PLoS Biol , vol.2
    • Halpin, D.R.1    Harbury, P.B.2
  • 62
    • 19344370973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA display III. Solid-phase organic synthesis on unprotected DNA
    • Halpin, D.R., Lee, J.A., Wrenn, S.J., Harbury, P.B. (2004). DNA display III. Solid-phase organic synthesis on unprotected DNA. PLoS Biol 2, E175.
    • (2004) PLoS Biol , vol.2
    • Halpin, D.R.1    Lee, J.A.2    Wrenn, S.J.3    Harbury, P.B.4
  • 63
    • 0033930772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Replicability and recurrence in the experimental evolution of a group I ribozyme
    • Hanczyc, M. M., Dorit, R. L. (2000). Replicability and recurrence in the experimental evolution of a group I ribozyme. Mol Biol Evol 17, 1050-1060.
    • (2000) Mol Biol Evol , vol.17 , pp. 1050-1060
    • Hanczyc, M.M.1    Dorit, R.L.2
  • 64
    • 8844249335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Replicating vesicles as models of primitive cell growth and division
    • Hanczyc, M.M., Szostak, J.W. (2004). Replicating vesicles as models of primitive cell growth and division. Curr Opin Chem Biol 8, 660-664.
    • (2004) Curr Opin Chem Biol , vol.8 , pp. 660-664
    • Hanczyc, M.M.1    Szostak, J.W.2
  • 65
    • 0142147270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental models of primitive cellular compartments: encapsulation, growth, and division
    • Hanczyc, M.M., Fujikawa, S.M., Szostak, J.W. (2003). Experimental models of primitive cellular compartments: encapsulation, growth, and division. Science 302, 618-622.
    • (2003) Science , vol.302 , pp. 618-622
    • Hanczyc, M.M.1    Fujikawa, S.M.2    Szostak, J.W.3
  • 66
    • 0041832289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary landscapes for the acquisition of new ligand recognition by RNA aptamers
    • Held, D.M., Greathouse, S.T., Agrawal, A., Burke, D.H. (2003). Evolutionary landscapes for the acquisition of new ligand recognition by RNA aptamers. J Mol Evol 57, 299-308.
    • (2003) J Mol Evol , vol.57 , pp. 299-308
    • Held, D.M.1    Greathouse, S.T.2    Agrawal, A.3    Burke, D.H.4
  • 67
    • 0034603154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive recognition by nucleic acid aptamers
    • Hermann, T., Patel, D.J. (2000). Adaptive recognition by nucleic acid aptamers. Science 287, 820-825.
    • (2000) Science , vol.287 , pp. 820-825
    • Hermann, T.1    Patel, D.J.2
  • 68
    • 0037439599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous detection of diverse analytes with an aptazyme ligase array
    • Hesselberth, J.R., Robertson, M.P., Knudsen, S.M., Ellington, A.D. (2003). Simultaneous detection of diverse analytes with an aptazyme ligase array. Anal Biochem 312, 106-112.
    • (2003) Anal Biochem , vol.312 , pp. 106-112
    • Hesselberth, J.R.1    Robertson, M.P.2    Knudsen, S.M.3    Ellington, A.D.4
  • 69
    • 0344874269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of aptamers with a new specificity and new secondary structures from an ATP aptamer
    • Huang, Z., Szostak, J.W. (2003). Evolution of aptamers with a new specificity and new secondary structures from an ATP aptamer. RNA 9, 1456-1463.
    • (2003) RNA , vol.9 , pp. 1456-1463
    • Huang, Z.1    Szostak, J.W.2
  • 70
    • 0028965943 scopus 로고
    • A DNA aptamer that binds adenosine and ATP
    • Huizenga, D.E., Szostak, J.W. (1995). A DNA aptamer that binds adenosine and ATP. Biochemistry 34, 656-665.
    • (1995) Biochemistry , vol.34 , pp. 656-665
    • Huizenga, D.E.1    Szostak, J.W.2
  • 72
    • 0028224199 scopus 로고
    • High-resolution molecular discrimination by RNA
    • Jenison, R. D., Gill, S. C., Pardi, A., Polisky, B. (1994). High-resolution molecular discrimination by RNA. Science 263, 1425-1429.
    • (1994) Science , vol.263 , pp. 1425-1429
    • Jenison, R.D.1    Gill, S.C.2    Pardi, A.3    Polisky, B.4
  • 73
    • 0029946537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural basis of RNA folding and recognition in an AMP-RNA aptamer complex
    • Jiang, F., Kumar, R.A, Jones, R.A., Patel, D.J. (1996). Structural basis of RNA folding and recognition in an AMP-RNA aptamer complex. Nature 382, 183-186.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 183-186
    • Jiang, F.1    Kumar, R.A.2    Jones, R.A.3    Patel, D.J.4
  • 74
    • 0035906978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNAcatalyzed RNA polymerization: accurate and general RNA-templated primer extension
    • Johnston, W.K., Unrau, P.J., Lawrence, M.S., Glasner, M.E., Bartel, D.P. (2001). RNAcatalyzed RNA polymerization: accurate and general RNA-templated primer extension. Science 292, 1319-1325.
    • (2001) Science , vol.292 , pp. 1319-1325
    • Johnston, W.K.1    Unrau, P.J.2    Lawrence, M.S.3    Glasner, M.E.4    Bartel, D.P.5
  • 75
    • 0024443885 scopus 로고
    • Amplification, mutation, and selection of catalytic RNA
    • Joyce, G.F. (1989). Amplification, mutation, and selection of catalytic RNA. Gene 82, 83-87.
    • (1989) Gene , vol.82 , pp. 83-87
    • Joyce, G.F.1
  • 76
    • 0037062978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The antiquity of RNA-based evolution
    • Joyce, G.F. (2002). The antiquity of RNA-based evolution. Nature 418, 214-221.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.418 , pp. 214-221
    • Joyce, G.F.1
  • 77
    • 0021770666 scopus 로고
    • Nonenzymatic template-directed synthesis on RNA random copolymers. Poly(C, U) templates
    • Joyce, G.F., Inoue, T., Orgel, L.E. (1984). Nonenzymatic template-directed synthesis on RNA random copolymers. Poly(C, U) templates. J Mol Biol 176, 279-306.
    • (1984) J Mol Biol , vol.176 , pp. 279-306
    • Joyce, G.F.1    Inoue, T.2    Orgel, L.E.3
  • 78
    • 0023372377 scopus 로고
    • The case for an ancestral genetic system involving simple analogues of the nucleotides
    • Joyce, G.F., Schwartz, A.W., Miller, S., Orgel, L.E. (1987). The case for an ancestral genetic system involving simple analogues of the nucleotides. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84, 4398-4402.
    • (1987) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.84 , pp. 4398-4402
    • Joyce, G.F.1    Schwartz, A.W.2    Miller, S.3    Orgel, L.E.4
  • 79
    • 0348133608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNA sensors: novel regulators of gene expression
    • Kaempfer, R. (2003). RNA sensors: novel regulators of gene expression. EMBO Rep 4, 1043-1047.
    • (2003) EMBO Rep , vol.4 , pp. 1043-1047
    • Kaempfer, R.1
  • 80
    • 4944255180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reaction discovery enabled by DNA-templated synthesis and in vitro selection
    • Kanan, M.W., Rozenman, M.M., Sakurai, K., Snyder, T.M., Liu, D.R. (2004). Reaction discovery enabled by DNA-templated synthesis and in vitro selection. Nature 431, 545-549.
    • (2004) Nature , vol.431 , pp. 545-549
    • Kanan, M.W.1    Rozenman, M.M.2    Sakurai, K.3    Snyder, T.M.4    Liu, D.R.5
  • 81
    • 0022619420 scopus 로고
    • Autocatalytic sets of proteins
    • Kauffman, S. (1986). Autocatalytic sets of proteins. J Theor Biol 119, 1-24.
    • (1986) J Theor Biol , vol.119 , pp. 1-24
    • Kauffman, S.1
  • 82
    • 0035810165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional proteins from a random-sequence library
    • Keefe, A.D., Szostak, J.W. (2001). Functional proteins from a random-sequence library. Nature 410, 715-718.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.410 , pp. 715-718
    • Keefe, A.D.1    Szostak, J.W.2
  • 83
    • 0037319334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finding specific RNA motifs: function in a zeptomole world?
    • Knight, R., Yarus, M. (2003). Finding specific RNA motifs: function in a zeptomole world? RNA 9, 218-230.
    • (2003) RNA , vol.9 , pp. 218-230
    • Knight, R.1    Yarus, M.2
  • 84
    • 0032755647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allosteric selection of ribozymes that respond to the second messengers cGMP and cAMP
    • Koizumi, M., Soukup, G.A., Kerr, J.N., Breaker, R.R. (1999). Allosteric selection of ribozymes that respond to the second messengers cGMP and cAMP. Nat Struct Biol 6, 1062-1071.
    • (1999) Nat Struct Biol , vol.6 , pp. 1062-1071
    • Koizumi, M.1    Soukup, G.A.2    Kerr, J.N.3    Breaker, R.R.4
  • 85
    • 0020417286 scopus 로고
    • Selfsplicing RNA: autoexcision and autocyclization of the ribosomal RNA intervening sequence of Tetrahymena
    • Kruger, K., Grabowski, P.J., Zaug, A.J., Sands, J., Gottschling, D.E., Cech, T.R. (1982). Selfsplicing RNA: autoexcision and autocyclization of the ribosomal RNA intervening sequence of Tetrahymena. Cell 31, 147-157.
    • (1982) Cell , vol.31 , pp. 147-157
    • Kruger, K.1    Grabowski, P.J.2    Zaug, A.J.3    Sands, J.4    Gottschling, D.E.5    Cech, T.R.6
  • 86
    • 0029138009 scopus 로고
    • RNA aptamers that bind flavin and nicotinamide redox cofactors
    • Lauhon, C.T., Szostak, J.W. (1995). RNA aptamers that bind flavin and nicotinamide redox cofactors. J Am Chem Soc 117, 1246-1257.
    • (1995) J Am Chem Soc , vol.117 , pp. 1246-1257
    • Lauhon, C.T.1    Szostak, J.W.2
  • 87
    • 0042347704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Processivity of ribozyme-catalyzed RNA polymerization
    • Lawrence, M.S., Bartel, D.P. (2003). Processivity of ribozyme-catalyzed RNA polymerization. Biochemistry 42, 8748-8755.
    • (2003) Biochemistry , vol.42 , pp. 8748-8755
    • Lawrence, M.S.1    Bartel, D.P.2
  • 88
    • 0027137780 scopus 로고
    • Evolution in vitro: analysis of a lineage of ribozymes
    • Lehman, N., Joyce, G.F. (1993). Evolution in vitro: analysis of a lineage of ribozymes. Curr Biol 3, 723-34.
    • (1993) Curr Biol , vol.3 , pp. 723-734
    • Lehman, N.1    Joyce, G.F.2
  • 89
    • 0033936360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genotypic landscape during in vitro evolution of a catalytic RNA: implications for phenotypic buffering
    • Lehman, N., Donne, M.D., West, M., Dewey, T.G. (2000). The genotypic landscape during in vitro evolution of a catalytic RNA: implications for phenotypic buffering. J Mol Evol 50, 481-490.
    • (2000) J Mol Evol , vol.50 , pp. 481-490
    • Lehman, N.1    Donne, M.D.2    West, M.3    Dewey, T.G.4
  • 90
    • 0030954291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward an efficient DNAzyme
    • Li, Y., Sen, D. (1997). Toward an efficient DNAzyme. Biochemistry 36, 5589-5599.
    • (1997) Biochemistry , vol.36 , pp. 5589-5599
    • Li, Y.1    Sen, D.2
  • 91
    • 0642306490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origins of RNA catalysis in ribozymes
    • Lilley, D.M. (2003). The origins of RNA catalysis in ribozymes. Trends Biochem Sci 28, 495-501.
    • (2003) Trends Biochem Sci , vol.28 , pp. 495-501
    • Lilley, D.M.1
  • 93
    • 0030072640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chance and necessity in the selection of nucleic acid catalysts
    • Lorsch, J.R., Szostak, J.W. (1996). Chance and necessity in the selection of nucleic acid catalysts. Acc Chem Res 29, 103-110.
    • (1996) Acc Chem Res , vol.29 , pp. 103-110
    • Lorsch, J.R.1    Szostak, J.W.2
  • 94
    • 0036829840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward the engineering of minimal living cells
    • Luisi, P.L. (2002). Toward the engineering of minimal living cells. Anat Rec 268, 208-214.
    • (2002) Anat Rec , vol.268 , pp. 208-214
    • Luisi, P.L.1
  • 95
    • 0842334528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adenine riboswitches and gene activation by disruption of a transcription terminator
    • Mandal, M., Breaker, R.R. (2004). Adenine riboswitches and gene activation by disruption of a transcription terminator. Nat Struct Mol Biol 11, 29-35.
    • (2004) Nat Struct Mol Biol , vol.11 , pp. 29-35
    • Mandal, M.1    Breaker, R.R.2
  • 96
    • 0037471691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the origins of cells: a hypothesis for the evolutionary transitions from abiotic geochemistry to chemoautotrophic prokaryotes, and from prokaryotes to nucleated cells
    • Martin, W., Russell, M.J. (2003). On the origins of cells: a hypothesis for the evolutionary transitions from abiotic geochemistry to chemoautotrophic prokaryotes, and from prokaryotes to nucleated cells. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 358, 59-83.
    • (2003) Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci , vol.358 , pp. 59-83
    • Martin, W.1    Russell, M.J.2
  • 97
    • 0014935646 scopus 로고
    • Natural selection and the concept of a protein space
    • Maynard Smith, J. (1970). Natural selection and the concept of a protein space. Nature 225, 563-564.
    • (1970) Nature , vol.225 , pp. 563-564
    • Maynard Smith, J.1
  • 98
    • 0033083733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • It's a noisy business! Genetic regulation at the nanomolar scale
    • McAdams, H.H., Arkin, A. (1999). It's a noisy business! Genetic regulation at the nanomolar scale. Trends Genet 15, 65-69.
    • (1999) Trends Genet , vol.15 , pp. 65-69
    • McAdams, H.H.1    Arkin, A.2
  • 99
    • 19344373638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is life-and how do we search for it in other worlds?
    • McKay, C.P. (2004). What is life-and how do we search for it in other worlds? PLoS Biol 2, e302.
    • (2004) PLoS Biol , vol.2
    • McKay, C.P.1
  • 100
    • 0002502220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Before RNA and after: Geophysical and geochemical constraints on molecular evolution
    • In: The RNA World, 2nd edn, Gesteland, R.F., Cech, T.R., Atkins, J.F., eds. New York: Cold Spring Harbor Press
    • Mojzsis, S.J., Krishnamurthy, R., Arrhenius, G. (1999). Before RNA and after: Geophysical and geochemical constraints on molecular evolution. In: The RNA World, 2nd edn, Gesteland, R.F., Cech, T.R., Atkins, J.F., eds. New York: Cold Spring Harbor Press, pp. 1-47.
    • (1999) , pp. 1-47
    • Mojzsis, S.J.1    Krishnamurthy, R.2    Arrhenius, G.3
  • 101
    • 0041427845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liposome-entrapped polymerases as models for microscale/nanoscale bioreactors
    • Monnard, P.A. (2003). Liposome-entrapped polymerases as models for microscale/nanoscale bioreactors. J Membr Biol 191, 87-97.
    • (2003) J Membr Biol , vol.191 , pp. 87-97
    • Monnard, P.A.1
  • 102
    • 0036829555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Membrane self-assembly processes: Steps toward the first cellular life
    • Monnard, P.A., Deamer, D.W. (2002). Membrane self-assembly processes: Steps toward the first cellular life. Anat Rec 268, 196-207.
    • (2002) Anat Rec , vol.268 , pp. 196-207
    • Monnard, P.A.1    Deamer, D.W.2
  • 103
    • 0037465559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors that contribute to efficient catalytic activity of a small Ca2+-dependent deoxyribozyme in relation to its RNA cleavage function
    • Okumoto, Y., Tanabe, Y., Sugimoto, N. (2003). Factors that contribute to efficient catalytic activity of a small Ca2+-dependent deoxyribozyme in relation to its RNA cleavage function. Biochemistry 42, 2158-2165.
    • (2003) Biochemistry , vol.42 , pp. 2158-2165
    • Okumoto, Y.1    Tanabe, Y.2    Sugimoto, N.3
  • 104
    • 0022845689 scopus 로고
    • RNA catalysis and the origins of life
    • Orgel, L.E. (1986). RNA catalysis and the origins of life. J Theor Biol 123, 127-149.
    • (1986) J Theor Biol , vol.123 , pp. 127-149
    • Orgel, L.E.1
  • 106
    • 0026755205 scopus 로고
    • In vitro selection of RNAs that undergo autolytic cleavage with Pb2+
    • Pan, T., Uhlenbeck, O.C. (1992). In vitro selection of RNAs that undergo autolytic cleavage with Pb2+. Biochemistry 31, 3887-3895.
    • (1992) Biochemistry , vol.31 , pp. 3887-3895
    • Pan, T.1    Uhlenbeck, O.C.2
  • 107
    • 0036780107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inaugural article: a self-replicating ligase ribozyme
    • Paul, N., Joyce, G.F. (2002). Inaugural article: a self-replicating ligase ribozyme. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99, 12733-12740.
    • (2002) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.99 , pp. 12733-12740
    • Paul, N.1    Joyce, G.F.2
  • 108
    • 0037180804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A ribozyme composed of only two different nucleotides
    • Reader, J.S., Joyce, G.F. (2002). A ribozyme composed of only two different nucleotides. Nature 420, 841-844.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.420 , pp. 841-844
    • Reader, J.S.1    Joyce, G.F.2
  • 109
    • 0034968504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Replication and mutation on neutral networks
    • Reidys, C., Forst, C. V., Schuster, P. (2001). Replication and mutation on neutral networks. Bull Math Biol 63, 57-94.
    • (2001) Bull Math Biol , vol.63 , pp. 57-94
    • Reidys, C.1    Forst, C.V.2    Schuster, P.3
  • 111
    • 0141921620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expanded divalent metal-ion tolerance of evolved ligase ribozymes
    • Riley, C.A., Lehman, N. (2003). Expanded divalent metal-ion tolerance of evolved ligase ribozymes. Biochimie 85, 683-689.
    • (2003) Biochimie , vol.85 , pp. 683-689
    • Riley, C.A.1    Lehman, N.2
  • 112
    • 0030817279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNA-peptide fusions for the in vitro selection of peptides and proteins
    • Roberts, R.W., Szostak, J.W. (1997). RNA-peptide fusions for the in vitro selection of peptides and proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94, 12297-12302.
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.94 , pp. 12297-12302
    • Roberts, R.W.1    Szostak, J.W.2
  • 113
    • 0025332385 scopus 로고
    • Selection in vitro of an RNA enzyme that specifically cleaves single-stranded DNA
    • Robertson, D.L., Joyce, G.F. (1990). Selection in vitro of an RNA enzyme that specifically cleaves single-stranded DNA. Nature 344, 467-468.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.344 , pp. 467-468
    • Robertson, D.L.1    Joyce, G.F.2
  • 114
  • 115
    • 0346992203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro selection of ribozymes dependent on peptides for activity
    • Robertson, M.P., Knudsen, S.M., Ellington, A.D. (2004). In vitro selection of ribozymes dependent on peptides for activity. RNA 10, 114-127.
    • (2004) RNA , vol.10 , pp. 114-127
    • Robertson, M.P.1    Knudsen, S.M.2    Ellington, A.D.3
  • 116
    • 0033581938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A ribozyme that lacks cytidine
    • Rogers, J., Joyce, G.F. (1999). A ribozyme that lacks cytidine. Nature 402, 323-325.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.402 , pp. 323-325
    • Rogers, J.1    Joyce, G.F.2
  • 117
    • 0242415199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient and Sequence-Specific DNA-Templated Polymerization of Peptide Nucleic Acid Aldehydes
    • Rosenbaum, D.M., and Liu, D.R. (2003). Efficient and Sequence-Specific DNA-Templated Polymerization of Peptide Nucleic Acid Aldehydes. J Am Chem Soc 125, 13924-13925.
    • (2003) J Am Chem Soc , vol.125 , pp. 13924-13925
    • Rosenbaum, D.M.1    Liu, D.R.2
  • 118
    • 0032568656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An amino acid as a cofactor for a catalytic polynucleotide
    • Roth, A., Breaker, R.R. (1998). An amino acid as a cofactor for a catalytic polynucleotide. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95, 6027-6031.
    • (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.95 , pp. 6027-6031
    • Roth, A.1    Breaker, R.R.2
  • 119
    • 1642308960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A universal definition of life: autonomy and open-ended evolution
    • Ruiz-Mirazo, K., Pereto, J., Moreno, A. (2004). A universal definition of life: autonomy and open-ended evolution. Orig Life Evol Biosph 34, 323-346.
    • (2004) Orig Life Evol Biosph , vol.34 , pp. 323-346
    • Ruiz-Mirazo, K.1    Pereto, J.2    Moreno, A.3
  • 120
    • 0031259915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessing rare activities from random RNA sequences: the importance of the length of molecules in the starting pool
    • Sabeti, P.C., Unrau, P.J., Bartel, D.P. (1997). Accessing rare activities from random RNA sequences: the importance of the length of molecules in the starting pool. Chem Biol 4, 767-774.
    • (1997) Chem Biol , vol.4 , pp. 767-774
    • Sabeti, P.C.1    Unrau, P.J.2    Bartel, D.P.3
  • 121
    • 0014827737 scopus 로고
    • In vitro selection of bacteriophage Q-beta ribonucleic acid variants resistant to ethidium bromide
    • Saffhill, R., Schneider-Bernloehr, H., Orgel, L.E., Spiegelman, S. (1970). In vitro selection of bacteriophage Q-beta ribonucleic acid variants resistant to ethidium bromide. J Mol Biol 51, 531-539.
    • (1970) J Mol Biol , vol.51 , pp. 531-539
    • Saffhill, R.1    Schneider-Bernloehr, H.2    Orgel, L.E.3    Spiegelman, S.4
  • 122
    • 0035498871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro evolution suggests multiple origins for the hammerhead ribozyme
    • Salehi-Ashtiani, K., Szostak, J.W. (2001). In vitro evolution suggests multiple origins for the hammerhead ribozyme. Nature 414, 82-84.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.414 , pp. 82-84
    • Salehi-Ashtiani, K.1    Szostak, J.W.2
  • 123
    • 0027180473 scopus 로고
    • An RNA motif that binds ATP
    • Sassanfar, M., Szostak, J.W. (1993). An RNA motif that binds ATP. Nature 364, 550-553.
    • (1993) Nature , vol.364 , pp. 550-553
    • Sassanfar, M.1    Szostak, J.W.2
  • 124
    • 3142758746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A small aptamer with strong and specific recognition of the triphosphate of ATP
    • Sazani, P.L., Larralde, R., Szostak, J.W. (2004). A small aptamer with strong and specific recognition of the triphosphate of ATP. J Am Chem Soc 126, 8370.
    • (2004) J Am Chem Soc , vol.126 , pp. 8370
    • Sazani, P.L.1    Larralde, R.2    Szostak, J.W.3
  • 125
    • 0022228967 scopus 로고
    • Periodic perturbations of chemical oscillators: experiments
    • Schneider, F.W. (1985). Periodic perturbations of chemical oscillators: experiments. Annu Rev Phys Chem 36, 347-378.
    • (1985) Annu Rev Phys Chem , vol.36 , pp. 347-378
    • Schneider, F.W.1
  • 126
    • 0023042012 scopus 로고
    • Information content of binding sites on nucleotide sequences
    • Schneider, T. D., Stormo, G. D., Gold, L., and Ehrenfeucht, A. (1986). Information content of binding sites on nucleotide sequences. J Mol Biol 188, 415-431.
    • (1986) J Mol Biol , vol.188 , pp. 415-431
    • Schneider, T.D.1    Stormo, G.D.2    Gold, L.3    Ehrenfeucht, A.4
  • 127
    • 0034680801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical etiology of nucleic acid structure: the alpha-threofuranosyl-(3'p2') oligonucleotide system
    • Schoning, K., Scholz, P., Guntha, S., Wu, X., Krishnamurthy, R., Eschenmoser, A. (2000). Chemical etiology of nucleic acid structure: the alpha-threofuranosyl-(3'p2') oligonucleotide system. Science 290, 1347-1351.
    • (2000) Science , vol.290 , pp. 1347-1351
    • Schoning, K.1    Scholz, P.2    Guntha, S.3    Wu, X.4    Krishnamurthy, R.5    Eschenmoser, A.6
  • 128
    • 0034698298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One sequence, two ribozymes: implications for the emergence of new ribozyme folds
    • Schultes, E.A., Bartel, D.P. (2000). One sequence, two ribozymes: implications for the emergence of new ribozyme folds. Science 289, 448-452.
    • (2000) Science , vol.289 , pp. 448-452
    • Schultes, E.A.1    Bartel, D.P.2
  • 129
    • 0033102314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A small catalytic RNA motif with Diels-Alderase activity
    • Seelig, B., Jaschke, A. (1999). A small catalytic RNA motif with Diels-Alderase activity. Chem Biol 6, 167-76.
    • (1999) Chem Biol , vol.6 , pp. 167-176
    • Seelig, B.1    Jaschke, A.2
  • 130
    • 0035070585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immobilized RNA switches for the analysis of complex chemical and biological mixtures
    • Seetharaman, S., Zivarts, M., Sudarsan, N., Breaker, R.R. (2001). Immobilized RNA switches for the analysis of complex chemical and biological mixtures. Nat Biotechnol 19, 336-341.
    • (2001) Nat Biotechnol , vol.19 , pp. 336-341
    • Seetharaman, S.1    Zivarts, M.2    Sudarsan, N.3    Breaker, R.R.4
  • 131
    • 18744362702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbead display by in vitro compartmentalisation: selection for binding using flow cytometry
    • Sepp, A., Tawfik, D.S., Griffiths, A.D. (2002). Microbead display by in vitro compartmentalisation: selection for binding using flow cytometry. FEBS Lett 532, 455-458.
    • (2002) FEBS Lett , vol.532 , pp. 455-458
    • Sepp, A.1    Tawfik, D.S.2    Griffiths, A.D.3
  • 132
    • 1842618467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence-specific cleavage of RNA in the absence of divalent metal ions by a DNAzyme incorporating imidazolyl and amino functionalities
    • Sidorov, A.V., Grasby, J.A., Williams, DM. (2004). Sequence-specific cleavage of RNA in the absence of divalent metal ions by a DNAzyme incorporating imidazolyl and amino functionalities. Nucleic Acids Res 32, 1591-1601.
    • (2004) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.32 , pp. 1591-1601
    • Sidorov, A.V.1    Grasby, J.A.2    Williams, D.M.3
  • 133
    • 6344219578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deoxyribozymes: DNA catalysts for bioorganic chemistry
    • Silverman, S.K. (2004). Deoxyribozymes: DNA catalysts for bioorganic chemistry. Org Biomol Chem 2, 2701-2706.
    • (2004) Org Biomol Chem , vol.2 , pp. 2701-2706
    • Silverman, S.K.1
  • 134
    • 0036830435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular indicators (biomarkers) of past life
    • Simoneit, B.R. (2002). Molecular indicators (biomarkers) of past life. Anat Rec 268, 186-195.
    • (2002) Anat Rec , vol.268 , pp. 186-195
    • Simoneit, B.R.1
  • 135
    • 0347364647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generating a synthetic genome by whole genome assembly: X174 bacteriophage from synthetic oligonucleotides
    • Smith, H.O., Hutchison, C.A., Pfannkoch, C., Venter, C.J. (2003). Generating a synthetic genome by whole genome assembly: X174 bacteriophage from synthetic oligonucleotides. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100, 15440-15445.
    • (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.100 , pp. 15440-15445
    • Smith, H.O.1    Hutchison, C.A.2    Pfannkoch, C.3    Venter, C.J.4
  • 136
    • 0042658199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNA, the first macromolecular catalyst: the ribosome is a ribozyme
    • Steitz, T.A., Moore, P.B. (2003). RNA, the first macromolecular catalyst: the ribosome is a ribozyme. Trends Biochem Sci 28, 411-418.
    • (2003) Trends Biochem Sci , vol.28 , pp. 411-418
    • Steitz, T.A.1    Moore, P.B.2
  • 137
    • 0028050350 scopus 로고
    • Rapid evolution of a protein in vitro by DNA shuffling
    • Stemmer, W.P. (1994). Rapid evolution of a protein in vitro by DNA shuffling. Nature 370, 389-391.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.370 , pp. 389-391
    • Stemmer, W.P.1
  • 138
    • 0034525463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ribonucleotide reductases: the link between an RNA and a DNA world?
    • Stubbe, J. (2000). Ribonucleotide reductases: the link between an RNA and a DNA world? Curr Opin Struct Biol 10, 731-736.
    • (2000) Curr Opin Struct Biol , vol.10 , pp. 731-736
    • Stubbe, J.1
  • 139
    • 0041523501 scopus 로고
    • Structure and activity of ribozymes
    • In: Redesigning the Molecules of Life. S.A. Benner, ed. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag
    • Szostak, J.W. (1988). Structure and activity of ribozymes. In: Redesigning the Molecules of Life. S.A. Benner, ed. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, pp. 87-114.
    • (1988) , pp. 87-114
    • Szostak, J.W.1
  • 140
    • 0037665961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional information: molecular messages
    • Szostak, J.W. (2003). Functional information: molecular messages. Nature 423, 689.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.423 , pp. 689
    • Szostak, J.W.1
  • 142
    • 0031854986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Man-made cell-like compartments for molecular evolution
    • Tawfik, D.S., Griffiths, A.D. (1998). Man-made cell-like compartments for molecular evolution. Nat Biotechnol 16, 652-656.
    • (1998) Nat Biotechnol , vol.16 , pp. 652-656
    • Tawfik, D.S.1    Griffiths, A.D.2
  • 144
    • 1942456902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of an aldehyde by a NADH/Zn2+-dependent redox active ribozyme
    • Tsukiji, S., Pattnaik, S.B., Suga, H. (2004). Reduction of an aldehyde by a NADH/Zn2+-dependent redox active ribozyme. J Am Chem Soc 126, 5044-5045.
    • (2004) J Am Chem Soc , vol.126 , pp. 5044-5045
    • Tsukiji, S.1    Pattnaik, S.B.2    Suga, H.3
  • 145
    • 0025194307 scopus 로고
    • Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment
    • Tuerk, C., Gold, L. (1990). Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment. Science 249, 505-510.
    • (1990) Science , vol.249 , pp. 505-510
    • Tuerk, C.1    Gold, L.2
  • 146
    • 0032541654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNA-catalysed nucleotide synthesis
    • Unrau, P.J., Bartel, D.P. (1998). RNA-catalysed nucleotide synthesis. Nature 395, 260-263.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.395 , pp. 260-263
    • Unrau, P.J.1    Bartel, D.P.2
  • 147
    • 84889362995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors that affect the outcome of in vitro selection
    • Harvard University doctoral thesis
    • Urbach, J.M. (2000). Factors that affect the outcome of in vitro selection. Harvard University doctoral thesis.
    • (2000)
    • Urbach, J.M.1
  • 148
    • 0042848694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel, modification-dependent ATP-binding aptamer selected from an RNA library incorporating a cationic functionality
    • Vaish, N.K., Larralde, R., Fraley, A.W., Szostak, J.W., McLaughlin, L.W. (2003). A novel, modification-dependent ATP-binding aptamer selected from an RNA library incorporating a cationic functionality. Biochemistry 42, 8842-8851.
    • (2003) Biochemistry , vol.42 , pp. 8842-8851
    • Vaish, N.K.1    Larralde, R.2    Fraley, A.W.3    Szostak, J.W.4    McLaughlin, L.W.5
  • 149
    • 0035823759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteinbased materials, toward a new level of structural control
    • van Hest, J.C., Tirrell, D.A. (2001). Proteinbased materials, toward a new level of structural control. Chem Commun (Camb) 19, 1897-1904.
    • (2001) Chem Commun (Camb) , vol.19 , pp. 1897-1904
    • Van Hest, J.C.1    Tirrell, D.A.2
  • 150
    • 0024390674 scopus 로고
    • The design and catalytic properties of a simplified ribonuclease P RNA
    • Waugh, D.S., Green, C.J., Pace, N.R. (1989). The design and catalytic properties of a simplified ribonuclease P RNA. Science 244, 1569-1571.
    • (1989) Science , vol.244 , pp. 1569-1571
    • Waugh, D.S.1    Green, C.J.2    Pace, N.R.3
  • 151
    • 0032853242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro selection of functional nucleic acids
    • Wilson, D.S., Szostak, J.W. (1999). In vitro selection of functional nucleic acids. Annu Rev Biochem 68, 611-647.
    • (1999) Annu Rev Biochem , vol.68 , pp. 611-647
    • Wilson, D.S.1    Szostak, J.W.2
  • 152
    • 0030901131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous in vitro evolution of catalytic function
    • Wright, M.C., Joyce, G.F. (1997). Continuous in vitro evolution of catalytic function. Science 276, 614-617.
    • (1997) Science , vol.276 , pp. 614-617
    • Wright, M.C.1    Joyce, G.F.2
  • 153
    • 0029972909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural basis of ligand discrimination by two related RNA aptamers resolved by NMR spectroscopy
    • Yang, Y., Kochoyan, M., Burgstaller, P, Westhof, E., Famulok, M. (1996). Structural basis of ligand discrimination by two related RNA aptamers resolved by NMR spectroscopy. Science 272, 1343-1347.
    • (1996) Science , vol.272 , pp. 1343-1347
    • Yang, Y.1    Kochoyan, M.2    Burgstaller, P.3    Westhof, E.4    Famulok, M.5
  • 154
    • 0346555269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimization of specificity in a cellular protein interaction network by negative selection
    • Zarrinpar, A., Park, S-H., Lim, W.A. (2003). Optimization of specificity in a cellular protein interaction network by negative selection. Nature 426, 676-680.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.426 , pp. 676-680
    • Zarrinpar, A.1    Park, S.-H.2    Lim, W.A.3
  • 155
    • 0030754926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimization of DNA shuffling for high fidelity recombination
    • Zhao, H., Arnold, F.H. (1997). Optimization of DNA shuffling for high fidelity recombination. Nucleic Acids Res 25, 1307-1308.
    • (1997) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.25 , pp. 1307-1308
    • Zhao, H.1    Arnold, F.H.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.