Explaining employee job performance: The role of online and offline workplace communication networks

MIS Quarterly: Management Information Systems

Volumn 37, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 695-722

  Zhang, Xiaojun ^a   Venkatesh, Viswanath ^b  

^a HONG KONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Hong Kong)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS   (United States)

Author keywords

Communication networks; Complementarity; Job performance; Offline networks; Online networks; Social networks

Indexed keywords

SOCIAL NETWORKING (ONLINE); SOCIAL SCIENCES COMPUTING;

COMPLEMENTARITY; FIELD STUDIES; JOB PERFORMANCE; NETWORK TIE; OFFLINE NETWORKS; ON-LINE NETWORK; TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANIES; WORKPLACE COMMUNICATION;

TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKS;

EID: 84887433121     PISSN: 02767783     EISSN: 21629730     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.25300/MISQ/2013/37.3.02     Document Type: Article

References (140)

1. Ahuja, G. 2000. "Collaboration Networks, Structural Holes, and Innovation: A Longitudinal Study," Administrative Science Quarterly (45:3), pp. 425-455.
2. Ahuja, M. K., Galletta, D. F., and Carley, K. M. 2003. "Individual Centrality and Performance in Virtual R&D Groups: An Empirical Study," Management Science (49:1), pp. 21-38.
3. Aiken, L. S., and West, S. G. 1991. Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
4. Alge, B. J., Wiethoff, C., and Klein, H. J. 2003. "When Does the Medium Matter? Knowledge-Building Experiences and Opportunities in Decision-Making Teams," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes (91:1), pp. 26-37.
5. Baird, L., and Meshoulam, I. 1988. "Managing Two Fits of Strategic Human Resource Management," Academy of Management Review (13:1), pp. 116-128.
6. Bajwa, D. S., Rai, A., and Brennan, I. 1998. "Key Antecedents of Executive Information Systems Success: A Path-Analytic Approach," Decision Support Systems (22:1), pp. 31-43.
7. Baker, W. 1990. "Market Networks and Corporate Behavior," American Journal of Sociology (96:3), pp. 589-625.
8. Baldwin, T. T., Bedell, M. D., and Johnson, J. L. 1997. "The Social Fabric of a Team-Based M.B.A. Program: Network Effects on Student Satisfaction and Performance," Academy of Management Journal (40:6), pp. 1369-1397.
9. Barber, A. E. 1998. Recruiting Employees, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
10. Barsness, Z. I., Diekmann, K. A., and Seidel, M. D. L. 2005. "Motivation and Opportunity: The Role of Remote Work, Demographic Dissimilarity, and Social Network Centrality in Impression Management," Academy of Management Journal (48:3), pp. 401-419.
11. Becker-Beck, U., Wintermantel, M., and Brog, A. 2005. "Principles of Regulating Interaction in Teams Practicing Face-to-Face Communication Versus Teams Practicing Computer-Mediated Communication," Small Group Research (36:4), pp. 499-536.
12. Belliveau, M. A. 2005. "Blind Ambition? The Effects of Social Networks and Institutional Sex Composition on the Job Search Outcomes of Elite Coeducational and Women's College Graduates," Organization Science (16:2), pp. 134-150.
13. Berg, S., Duncan, J., and Friedman, P. 1982. Joint Venture Strategies and Corporate Innovation, Cambridge, MA: Oelgeschlager, Gunn, and Hain.
14. Boase, J., Horrigan, J. B., Wellman, B., and Rainie, L. 2006. "The Strength of Internet Ties," Pew Internet & American Life Project, Washington, DC (http://www.pewinternet.org/~/media//Files/Reports/2006/PIP- Internet-ties.pdf.pdf; retrieved May 28, 2006).
15. Borgatti, S. P. 1995. "Centrality and AIDS," Connections (18:1), pp. 112-124.
16. Borgatti, S. P. 2005. "Centrality and Network Flow," Social Networks, (27:1), pp. 55-71.
17. Borgatti, S. P., and Cross, R. 2003. "A Relational View of Information Seeking and Learning in Social Networks," Management Science (49:4), pp. 432-445.
18. Borgatti, S. P., and Foster, P. C. 2003. "The Network Paradigm in Organizational Research: A Review and Typology," Journal of Management (29:6), pp. 991-1013.
19. Bourdieu, P. 1986. "The Forms of Capital," in Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education, J. G. Richardson (ed.), New York: Greenwood, pp. 241-258.
20. Bowler, W. M., and Brass, D. J. 2006. "Relational Correlates of Interpersonal Citizenship Behavior: A Social Network Perspective," Journal of Applied Psychology (91:1), pp. 70-82.
21. Brass, D. J. 1981. "Structural Relationships, Job Characteristics, and Worker Satisfaction and Performance," Administrative Science Quarterly (26:3), pp. 331-348.
22. Brass, D. J. 1984. "Being in the Right Place: A Structural Analysis of Individual Influence in an Organization," Administrative Science Quarterly (29:4), pp. 518-539.
23. Brass, D. J., Butterfield, K. D., and Skaggs, B. C. 1998. "Relationships and Unethical Behavior: A Social Network Perspective,"Academy of Management Review (23:1), pp. 14-31.
24. Brass, D. J, Galaskiewicz, J., Greve, H. R., and Tsai, W. 2004. "Taking Stock of Networks and Organizations: A Multilevel Perspective," Academy of Management Journal (47:6), pp. 795-817.
25. Breaugh, J. A. 1992. Recruitment: Science and Practice, Boston: PWS-Kent.
26. Burt, R. S. 1991. Structure. Version 4.2., Center for the Social Sciences, Columbia University, New York.
27. Burt, R. S. 1992. Structural Holes: The Social Structure of Competition, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
28. Burt, R. S. 2002. "Bridge Decay," Social Networks (24:4), pp. 333-363.
29. Burt, R. S., Hogarth, R. M., and Michaud, C. 2000. "The Social Capital of French and American Managers," Organization Science (11:2), pp. 123-147.
30. Burt, R. S., Janotta, J., and Mahoney, J. 1998. "Personality Correlates of Structural Holes," Social Networks (20:1), pp. 63-87.
31. Butler, B. S. 2001. "Membership Size, Communication Activity, and Sustainability: The Internal Dynamics of Networked Social Structures," Information Systems Research (12:4), pp. 346-362.
32. Cable, D. M., and Judge, T. A. 1996. "Person-Organization Fit, Job Choice Decisions, and Organizational Entry," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes (67:3), pp. 294-311.
33. Cattani, G., and Ferriani, S. 2008. "A Core/Periphery Perspective on Individual Creative Performance: Social Networks and Cinematic Achievements in the Hollywood Film Industry," Organization Science (19:6), pp. 824-844.
34. Chernev, A. 2005. "Context Effects without a Context: Attribute Balance as a Reason for Choice," Journal of Consumer Research (32), pp. 213-223.
35. Cho, H., Gay, G., Davidson, B., and Ingraffea, A. 2007. "Social Networks, Communication Styles, and Learning Performance in a CSCL Community," Computers & Education (49:2), pp. 309-329.
36. Coleman, J. S. 1988. "Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital," American Journal of Sociology (94), pp. 95-120.
37. Coleman, J. S. 1990. Foundations of Social Theory, Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.
38. Cramton, C. D. 2001. "The Mutual Knowledge Problem and its Consequences in Geographically Dispersed Teams," Organization Science (12:3), pp. 346-371.
39. Cross, R., Borgatti, S., and Parker, A. 2001. "Beyond Information: Relational Content of the Advice Network," Social Networks (23:3), pp. 215-235.
40. Cross, R., and Cummings, J. N. 2004. "Tie and Network Correlates of Individual Performance in Knowledge-Intensive Work," Academy of Management Journal (47:6), pp. 928-937.
41. Cross, R., Laseter, T., Parker, A., and Velasquez, G. 2006. "Using Social Network Analysis to Improve Communities of Practice," California Management Review (49:1), pp. 32-60.
42. Cummings, J., Butler, B. S., and Kraut, R. E. 2002. "The Quality of Social Ties Online," Communications of the ACM (45:7), pp. 103-109.
43. Cummings, J. N., Espinosa, J. A., and Pickering, C. K. 2009. "Crossing Spatial and Temporal Boundaries in Globally Distributed Projects: A Relational Model of Coordination Delay,"Information Systems Research (20:3), pp. 420-439.
44. DeLone, W. H., and McLean, E. R. 1992. "Information Systems Success: The Quest for the Dependent Variable," Information Systems Research (3:1), pp. 60-95.
45. DeLone, W. H., and McLean, E. R. 2003. "The DeLone and McLean Model of Information Systems Success: A Ten-Year Update," Journal of Management Information Systems (19:4), pp. 9-30.
46. Dennis, A. R., Fuller, R. M., and Valacich, J. S. 2008. "Media, Tasks, and Communication Processes: A Theory of Media Synchronicity," MIS Quarterly (32:3), pp. 575-600.
47. Devaraj, S., and Kohli, R. 2003. "Performance Impacts of Information Technology: Is Actual Usage the Missing Link?," Management Science (49:3), pp. 273-289.
48. Dihoff, R. E, Brosvic, G. M., Epstein, M. L., and Cook, M. J. 2004. "Provision of Feedback during Performance for Academic Testing: Learning is Enhanced by Immediate but not Delayed Feedback," The Psychological Record (54), pp. 207-231.
49. Freeman, C. 1991. "Networks of Innovations: A Synthesis of Research Issue," Research Policy (20:5), pp. 499-514.
50. Freeman, L. 1979. "Centrality in Social Network: Conceptual Clarification," Social Networks, (1:3), pp. 215-239.
51. Fried, Y., and Ferris, G. R. 1987. "The Validity of the Job Characteristics Model: A Review and Meta-Analysis," Personnel Psychology (40:2), pp. 287-322.
52. Galegher, J., and Kraut, R. E. 1994. "Computer-Mediated Communication for Intellectual Teamwork: An Experiment in Group Writing," Information Systems Research (5:2), pp. 110-138.
53. Gargiulo, M., Ertug, G., and Galunic, C. 2009. "The Two Faces of Control: Network Closure and Individual Performance among Knowledge Workers," Administrative Science Quarterly (54:2), pp. 299-333.
54. Gartner. 2008. "Gartner Says Emerging Nations Will Make ICT Industry 'Borderless' by 2015," Gartner Group, May 14 (http://www.gartner.com/it/ page.jsp?id=669710; accessed November 24, 2008).
55. Gilson, L. L., Shalley, C. E., and Ruddy, T. 2005. "Creating and Standardization: Complementary or Conflicting Drivers of Team Effectiveness,"Academy of Management Journal (48:3), pp. 521-531.
56. Goodhue, D. L., and Thompson, R. L. 1995. "Task-Technology Fit and Individual Performance," MIS Quarterly (19:2), pp. 213-236.
57. Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J., and Swann, W. B., Jr. 2003. "A Very Brief Measure of the Big Five Personality Domains," Journal of Research in Personality (37:6), pp. 504-528.
58. Granovetter, M. S. 1973. "The Strength of Weak Ties," American Journal of Sociology (6), pp. 1360-1380.
59. Granovetter, M. S. 1982. "The Strength of Weak Ties: A Network Theory Revisited," in Social Structure and Network Analysis, P. V. Marsden and N. Lin (eds.), Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications, pp. 105-130.
60. Granovetter, M. S. 1985. "Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness," American Journal of Sociology (91:3), pp. 481-510.
61. Gulati, R., and Garguilo, M. 1999. "Where Do Networks Come From," American Journal of Sociology (104:5), pp. 1439-1493.
62. Hackman, J. R., and Oldham, G. R. 1980. Work Redesign, Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
63. Hansen, M. T. 1999. "The Search-Transfer Problem: The Role of Weak Ties in Sharing Knowledge across Organization Subunits," Administrative Science Quarterly (44:1), pp. 82-111.
64. Hansen, M. T. 2002. "Knowledge Networks: Explaining Effective Knowledge Sharing in Multiunit Companies," Organization Science (13:3), pp. 232-248.
65. Hansen, M. T., Mors, M. L., and Lovas, B. 2005. "Knowledge Sharing in Organizations: Multiple Networks, Multiple Phases," Academy of Management Journal (48:5), pp. 776-793.
66. Haythornthwaite, C. 2002. "Strong Weak, and Latent Ties and the Impact of New Media," The Information Society (18:5), pp. 385-401.
67. Hill, N. S., Bartol, K. M., Tesluk, P. E., and Langa, G. A. 2009. "Organizational Context and Face-to-Face Interaction: Influences on the Development of Trust and Collaborative Behaviors in Computer-Mediated Groups," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes (108:2), pp. 187-201.
68. Hollingshead, A. B., McGrath, J. E., and O'Connor, K. M. 1993. "Group Task Performance and Communication Technology: A Longitudinal Study of Computer-Mediated Versus Face-to-Face Work Groups," Small Group Research (24:3), pp. 307-333.
69. Hong, W., Thong, J. Y. L., and Tam, K. Y. 2004. "Does Animation Attract Online Users' Attention? The Effects of Flash on Information Search Performance and Perceptions," Information Systems Research (15:1), pp. 60-86.
70. Ibarra, H. 1992. "Homophily and Differential Returns: Sex Differences in Network Structure and Access in an Advertising Firm," Administrative Science Quarterly (37:3), pp. 422-447.
71. Jacobs, J. 1965. The Death and Life of Great American Cities, London: Penguin Books.
72. James, E. H. 2000. "Race-Related Differences in Promotions and Support: Underlying Effects of Human and Social Capital," Organization Science (11:5), pp. 493-508.
73. Jasperson, J., Carte, T., Saunders, C., Butler, B. S., Zheng, W., and Price, M. 2002. "Power and Information Technology in Organizations: A Metatriangulation Review," MIS Quarterly (26:4), pp. 397-460.
74. Joshi, K., and Rai, A. 2000. "Impact of the Quality of Information Products on Information System Users' Job Satisfaction: An Empirical Investigation," Information Systems Journal (10:4), pp. 323-345.
75. Kane, G. C, and Labianca, G. J. 2011. "IS Avoidance in Health- Care Groups: A Multilevel Investigation," Information Systems Research (22:3), pp. 504-522.
76. Katz, M. L., and Shapiro, C. 1994. "Systems Competition and Network Effects," The Journal of Economic Perspectives (8:2), pp. 93-115.
77. Kleiner, A. 2002. "Karen Stephenson's Quantum Theory of Trust," Strategy + Business (29), pp. 2-14.
78. Koh, J., Kim, Y. G., Butler, B. S., and Bock, G. W. 2007. "Encouraging Participation in Virtual Communities," Communications of the ACM (50:2), pp. 69-73.
79. Krackhardt, D. 1992. "The Strength of Strong Ties: The Importance of Philos in Organizations," in Networks and Organizations, N. Nohria and R. Eccles (eds.), Boston: Harvard Business School Press, pp. 216-239.
80. Kraimer, M. L., Wayne, S. J., Liden, R. C., and Sparrowe, R. T. 2005. "The Role of Job Security in Understanding the Relationship between Employees' Perceptions of Temporary Workers and Employees' Performance," Journal of Applied Psychology (90:2), pp. 389-398.
81. Lattin, J. M., and McAlister, L. 1985. "Using a Variety-Seeking Model to Identify Substitute and Complementary Relationships among Competing Products," Journal of Marketing Research (22:3), pp. 330-339.
82. Leonard-Barton, D. 1984. "Inter-personal Communication Patterns among Swedish and Boston-Area Entrepreneurs," Research Policy (13:2), pp. 101-114.
83. Lesser, E., and Prusak, L. 2004. Creating Value with Knowledge: Insights from the IBM Institute for Business Value, New York: Oxford University Press.
84. Levin, D. Z., and Cross, R. 2004. "The Strength of Weak Ties You Can Trust: The Mediating Role of Trust in Effective Knowledge Transfer," Management Science (50:11), pp. 1477-1490.
85. Lin, N. 2001. "Building a Network Theory of Social Capital," in Social Capital Theory and Research, N. Lin, K. Cook, and R. S. Burt (eds.), Piscataway, NJ: Aldine Transaction, pp. 3-29.
86. Loury, G. 1987. "Why Should We Care About Group Inequality," Social Philosophy & Policy (5:1), pp. 249-271.
87. Majchrzak, A., Malhotra, A., and John, R. 2005. "Perceived Individual Collaboration Know-How Development through Information Technology-Enabled Contextulization: Evidence from Distributed teams," Information Systems Research (16:1), pp. 9-27.
88. Marsden, P. V. 1990. "Network Data and Measurement," in Annual Review of Sociology (Volume 16), W. R. Scott and J. Blake (eds.), Palo Alto, CA: Annual Reviews, pp. 435-463.
89. Maruping, L. M., and Agarwal, R. 2004. "Managing Team Interpersonal Processes through Technology: A Task-Technology Fit Perspective," Journal of Applied Psychology (89:6), pp. 975-990.
90. Maznevski, M. L., and Chudoba, K. M. 2000. "Bridging Space over Time: Global Virtual Team Dynamics and Effectiveness," Organization Science (11:5), pp. 473-492.
91. McPherson, M., Smith-lovin, L., and Cook, J. M. 2001. "Birds of a Feather: Homophily in Social Networks," Annual Review of Sociology (27), pp. 415-444.
92. Mehra, A., Kilduff, M., and Brass, D. J. 2001. "The Social Networks of High and Low-Self Monitors: Implications for Workplace Performance," Administrative Science Quarterly (46:1), pp. 121-146.
93. Mennecke, B. E., Valacich, J. S., and Wheeler, B. C. 2000. "The Effects of Media and Task on User Performance: A Test of the Task-Media Fit Hypothesis," Group Decision and Negotiation (9:6), pp. 121-146.
94. Milgrom, P., and Roberts, J. 1995. "Complementarities and Fit: Strategy, Structure, and Organizational Change in Manufacturing," Journal of Accounting and Economics (19:2-3), pp. 179-208.
95. Mitchell, J. C. 1969. "The Concept and Use of Social Networks," in Social Networks in Urban Situations, J. C. Mitchell (ed.), Manchester, England: Manchester University Press, pp. 1-50.
96. Mizruchi, M. S., Stearns, L. B., and Fleischer, A. 2011. "Getting a Bonus: Social Networks, Performance, and Reward among Commercial Bankers," Organization Science (22:1), pp. 42-59.
97. Nayar, M. K. 1993. "Achieving Information Integrity: A Strategic Imperative," Information Systems Management (10:2), pp. 51-58.
98. Newman, M. E. J. 2002. "The Structure and Function of Networks," Computer Physics Communications (147:1), pp. 40-45.
99. Obstfeld, D. 2005. "Social Networks, the Tertius Lungens Orientation, and Involvement in Innovation," Administrative Science Quarterly (50:1), pp. 100-130.
100. Ortiz, M. G. R., Hoyos, J. R. C., and Lopez, M. G. R. 2004. "The Social Networks of Academic Performance in a Student Context of Poverty in Mexico," Social Networks (26:2), pp. 175-188.
101. Perry-Smith, J. E. 2006. "Social Yet Creative: The Role of Social Relationships in Facilitating Individual Creativity," Academy of Management Journal (49:1), pp. 85-101.
102. Phye, G. D., and Andre, T. 1989. "Delay-Retention Effect: Attention, Perseveration, or Both?," Contemporary Educational Psychology (14:2), pp. 173-185.
103. Pil, F. K., and Leana, C. 2009. "Applying Organizational Research to Public School Reform: The Effects of Teacher Human and Social Capital on Student Performance," Academy of Management Journal (52:6), pp. 1101-1124.
104. Pindyck, R. S., and Rubinfeld, D. L. 2001. Microeconomics (5th ed.), London: Prentice-Hall.
105. Rai, A., Lang, S., and Welker, R. 2002. "Assessing the Validity of IS Success Models: An Empirical Test and Theoretical Analysis," Information Systems Research (13:1), pp. 50-69.
106. Rai, A., Patnayakuni, R., and Seth, N. 2006. "Firm Performance Impacts of Digitally Enabled Supply Chain Integration Capabilities," MIS Quarterly (30:2), pp. 225-246.
107. Reagans, R., and McEvily, B. 2003. "Network Structure and Knowledge Transfer: The Effects of Cohesion and Range," Administrative Science Quarterly (48:2), pp. 240-267.
108. Rodan, S. 2010. "Structural Holes and Managerial Performance: Identifying the Underlying Mechanisms," Social Networks (32:3), pp. 168-179.
109. Scott, J. 2000. Social Network Analysis: A Handbook, London: Sage Publications.
110. Seddon, P. B. 1997. "A Re-specification and Extension of the DeLone and McLean Model of IS Success," Information Systems Research (8:3), pp. 240-253.
111. Short, J., Williams, E., and Christie, B. 1976. The Social Psychology of Telecommunications, London: Wiley.
112. Sparrowe, R. T., Liden, R. C., and Kraimer, M. L. 2001. "Social Networks and the Performance of Individuals and Groups," Academy of Management Journal (44:2), pp. 316-325.
113. Sproull, L., and Kiesler, S. 1986. "Reducing Social Context Cues: Electronic Mail in Organizational Communication," Management Science (32:11), pp. 1492-1512.
114. Sproull, L., and Kiesler, S. 1991. Connections: New Ways of Working in the Networked Organization, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
115. Straub, D., Rai, A., and Klein, R. 2004. "Measuring Firm Performance at the Network Level: A Nomology of the Impact of Digital Supply Networks," Journal of Management Information Systems (21:1), pp. 83-114.
116. Straus, S. G., and McGrath, J. E. 1994. "Does the Medium matter? The Interaction of Task Type and Technology on Group Performance and Member Reactions," Journal of Applied Psychology (79:1), pp. 87-97.
117. Tan, B. C. Y., Wei, K. K., Watson, R. T., Clapper, D. L., McLean, E. R. 1998. "Computer-Mediated Communication and Majority Influence: Assessing the Impact in an Individualistic and a Collectivistic Culture," Management Science (44:9), pp. 1263-1278.
118. Tett, R. P., and Burnett, D. D. 2003. "A Personality Trait-Based Interactionist Model of Job Performance," Journal of Applied Psychology (88:3), pp. 500-517.
119. Thong, J. Y. L. 1999. "An Integrated Model of Information Systems Adoption in Small Businesses," Journal of Management Information Systems (15:4), pp. 187-214.
120. Thong, J. Y. L., and Yap, C. S. 1996. "Information Systems Effectiveness: A User Satisfaction Approach," Information Processing and Management (32:5), pp. 601-610.
121. Thong, J. Y. L., Yap, C. S., and Raman, K. S. 1994. "Engagement of External Expertise in Information Systems Implementation," Journal of Management Information Systems (11:2), pp. 209-231.
122. Thong, J. Y. L., Yap, C. S., and Raman, K. S. 1996. "Top Management Support, External Expertise and Information Systems Implementation in Small Businesses," Information Systems Research (7:2), pp. 248-267.
123. Thong, J. Y. L., Yap, C. S., and Raman, K. S. 1997. "Environments for Information Systems Implementation in Small Businesses," Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce (7:4), pp. 253-278.
124. Topi, H., Valacich, J. S., and Rao, M. T. 2002. "The Effects of Personality and Media Differences on the Performance of Dyads Addressing a Cognitive Conflict Task," Small Group Research (33:6), pp. 667-701.
125. Uzzi, B. 1997. "Social Structure and Competition in Interfirm Networks: The Paradox of Embeddedness," Administrative Science Quarterly (42:1), pp. 35-67.
126. Venkataramani, V., and Dalal, R. S. 2007. "Who Helps and Harms Whom? Relational Antecedents of Interpersonal Helping and Harming in Organizations," Journal of Applied Psychology (92:4), pp. 952-966.
127. Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B. and Davis, F. D. 2003. "User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward a Unified View," MIS Quarterly (27:3), pp. 425-478.
128. Venkatesh, V., Thong, J. Y. L., and Xin, X. 2012. "Consumer Acceptance and Use of Information Technology: Extending the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology," MIS Quarterly (36:1), pp. 157-178.
129. Vidgen, R., and Wang, X. 2009. "Coevolving Systems and the Organization of Agile Software Development," Information Systems Research (20:3), pp. 355-376.
130. Walther, J. B. 1995. "Relational Aspects of Computer-Mediated Communication: Experimental Observations over Time," Organization Science (6:2), pp. 186-203.
131. Wareham, J., Mathiassen, L., Rai, A., Straub, D., and Klein, R. 2005. "The Business Value of Digital Supply Networks: A Program of Research on the Impacts of Globalization," Journal of International Management (11:2), pp. 201-227.
132. Wasserman, S., and Faust, K. 1994. Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications, Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
133. Weisband, S. P., Schneider, S. K., and Connolly, T. 1995. "Computer-Mediated Communication and Social Information: Status Salience and Status Awareness," Academy of Management Journal (38:4), pp. 1124-1151.
134. Welbourne,T. M, Johnson, D. E., and Erez, A. 1998. "The Role- Based Performance Scale: Validity Analysis of a Theory-Based Measure," Academy of Management Journal (41:5), pp. 540-555.
135. Wellman, B. 2001. "Computer Networks as Social Networks," Computer and Science (293:5537), pp. 2031-2034.
136. Wellman, B., Haase, A. Q., Witte, J., and Hampton, K. 2001. "Does the Internet Increase, Decrease, or Supplement Social Capital," American Behavioral Scientist (45:3), pp. 436-455.
137. Wellman B., and Hampton, K. 1999. "Living Networked On- and Offline," Contemporary Sociology (28:6), pp. 648-654.
138. Xiao, Z. X., and Tsui, A. S. 2007. "When Brokers May Not Work: The Culture Contingency of Social Capital," Administrative Science Quarterly (51:1), pp. 1-31.
139. Xu, X., Venkatesh, V., Tam, K. Y., and Hong, S-J. 2010. "Model of Migration and Use of Platforms: Role of Hierarchy, Current Generation and Complementarities in Consumer Settings," Management Science (56:8), pp. 1304-1323.
140. Yang, H. L., and Tang, J. H. 2003. "Effects of Social Network on Student Performance: A Web-Based Forum Study in Taiwan," Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks (7:3), pp. 93-107.