메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 248, Issue , 2013, Pages 637-654

Cannabinoid and opioid interactions: Implications for opiate dependence and withdrawal

Author keywords

Clinical; Endocannabinoid; Locus coeruleus; Marijuana; Norepinephrine; Stress

Indexed keywords

2 ARACHIDONOYLGLYCEROL; ALPHA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; ANANDAMIDE; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; ATROPINE PLUS DIPHENOXYLATE; CANNABINOID 1 RECEPTOR; CANNABIS; CLONIDINE; DEXANABINOL; DEXTROPROPOXYPHENE; DIAMORPHINE; DRONABINOL; ENDOCANNABINOID; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE PLUS PARACETAMOL; HYDROMORPHONE; LOFEXIDINE; METHADONE; MORPHINE; MU OPIATE RECEPTOR; NALTREXONE; NARCOTIC ANALGESIC AGENT; NORADRENALIN; OPIATE ANTAGONIST; OXYCODONE; PETHIDINE; RIMONABANT; SR 141716 A; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 84881367408     PISSN: 03064522     EISSN: 18737544     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.04.034     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (163)

References (257)
  • 1
    • 0023410730 scopus 로고
    • Single-unit response of noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus of freely moving cats. II. Adaptation to chronically presented stressful stimuli
    • Abercrombie E.D., Jacobs B.L. Single-unit response of noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus of freely moving cats. II. Adaptation to chronically presented stressful stimuli. J Neurosci 1987, 7:2844-2848.
    • (1987) J Neurosci , vol.7 , pp. 2844-2848
    • Abercrombie, E.D.1    Jacobs, B.L.2
  • 2
    • 0027976701 scopus 로고
    • Opiate withdrawal increases glutamate and aspartate efflux in the locus coeruleus: an in vivo microdialysis study
    • Aghajanian G.K., Kogan J.H., Moghaddam B. Opiate withdrawal increases glutamate and aspartate efflux in the locus coeruleus: an in vivo microdialysis study. Brain Res 1994, 636:126-130.
    • (1994) Brain Res , vol.636 , pp. 126-130
    • Aghajanian, G.K.1    Kogan, J.H.2    Moghaddam, B.3
  • 3
    • 23344435439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postdischarge cannabis use and its relationship to cocaine, alcohol, and heroin use: a prospective study
    • Aharonovich E., Liu X., Samet S., Nunes E., Waxman R., Hasin D. Postdischarge cannabis use and its relationship to cocaine, alcohol, and heroin use: a prospective study. Am J Psychiatry 2005, 162:1507-1514.
    • (2005) Am J Psychiatry , vol.162 , pp. 1507-1514
    • Aharonovich, E.1    Liu, X.2    Samet, S.3    Nunes, E.4    Waxman, R.5    Hasin, D.6
  • 4
    • 0026333419 scopus 로고
    • Opiate withdrawal-induced hyperactivity of locus coeruleus neurons is substantially mediated by augmented excitatory amino acid input
    • Akaoka H., Aston-Jones G. Opiate withdrawal-induced hyperactivity of locus coeruleus neurons is substantially mediated by augmented excitatory amino acid input. J Neurosci 1991, 11:3830-3839.
    • (1991) J Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 3830-3839
    • Akaoka, H.1    Aston-Jones, G.2
  • 6
    • 33646084606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Separation of mu-opioid receptor desensitization and internalization: endogenous receptors in primary neuronal cultures
    • Arttamangkul S., Torrecilla M., Kobayashi K., Okano H., Williams J.T. Separation of mu-opioid receptor desensitization and internalization: endogenous receptors in primary neuronal cultures. J Neurosci 2006, 26:4118-4125.
    • (2006) J Neurosci , vol.26 , pp. 4118-4125
    • Arttamangkul, S.1    Torrecilla, M.2    Kobayashi, K.3    Okano, H.4    Williams, J.T.5
  • 7
    • 0019732445 scopus 로고
    • Nonrepinephrine-containing locus coeruleus neurons in behaving rats exhibit pronounced responses to non-noxious environmental stimuli
    • Aston-Jones G., Bloom F.E. Nonrepinephrine-containing locus coeruleus neurons in behaving rats exhibit pronounced responses to non-noxious environmental stimuli. J Neurosci 1981, 1:887-900.
    • (1981) J Neurosci , vol.1 , pp. 887-900
    • Aston-Jones, G.1    Bloom, F.E.2
  • 8
    • 43049171702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain norepinephrine rediscovered in addiction research
    • Aston-Jones G., Kalivas P.W. Brain norepinephrine rediscovered in addiction research. Biol Psychiatry 2008, 63:1005-1006.
    • (2008) Biol Psychiatry , vol.63 , pp. 1005-1006
    • Aston-Jones, G.1    Kalivas, P.W.2
  • 9
    • 0022981586 scopus 로고
    • The brain nucleus locus coeruleus: restricted afferent control of a broad efferent network
    • Aston-Jones G., Ennis M., Pieribone V.A., Nickell W.T., Shipley M.T. The brain nucleus locus coeruleus: restricted afferent control of a broad efferent network. Science 1986, 234:734-737.
    • (1986) Science , vol.234 , pp. 734-737
    • Aston-Jones, G.1    Ennis, M.2    Pieribone, V.A.3    Nickell, W.T.4    Shipley, M.T.5
  • 11
    • 18244401628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vesicular glutamate transporter-1 colocalizes with endogenous opioid peptides in axon terminals of the rat locus coeruleus
    • Barr J., Van Bockstaele E.J. Vesicular glutamate transporter-1 colocalizes with endogenous opioid peptides in axon terminals of the rat locus coeruleus. Anat Rec A Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol 2005, 284:466-474.
    • (2005) Anat Rec A Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol , vol.284 , pp. 466-474
    • Barr, J.1    Van Bockstaele, E.J.2
  • 12
    • 70349251754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Craving and self-efficacy in the first five weeks of methadone maintenance therapy: a daily process study
    • Barta W.D., Kurth M.E., Stein M.D., Tennen H., Kiene S.M. Craving and self-efficacy in the first five weeks of methadone maintenance therapy: a daily process study. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2009, 70:735-740.
    • (2009) J Stud Alcohol Drugs , vol.70 , pp. 735-740
    • Barta, W.D.1    Kurth, M.E.2    Stein, M.D.3    Tennen, H.4    Kiene, S.M.5
  • 13
    • 34347375273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropharmacology of the endocannabinoid signaling system-molecular mechanisms, biological actions and synaptic plasticity
    • Basavarajappa B.S. Neuropharmacology of the endocannabinoid signaling system-molecular mechanisms, biological actions and synaptic plasticity. Curr Neuropharmacol 2007, 5:81-97.
    • (2007) Curr Neuropharmacol , vol.5 , pp. 81-97
    • Basavarajappa, B.S.1
  • 14
    • 0037381980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The locus coeruleus-noradrenergic system: modulation of behavioral state and state-dependent cognitive processes
    • Berridge C.W., Waterhouse B.D. The locus coeruleus-noradrenergic system: modulation of behavioral state and state-dependent cognitive processes. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 2003, 42:33-84.
    • (2003) Brain Res Brain Res Rev , vol.42 , pp. 33-84
    • Berridge, C.W.1    Waterhouse, B.D.2
  • 16
    • 77952283131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functionally selective cannabinoid receptor signalling: therapeutic implications and opportunities
    • Bosier B., Muccioli G.G., Hermans E., Lambert D.M. Functionally selective cannabinoid receptor signalling: therapeutic implications and opportunities. Biochem Pharmacol 2010, 80:1-12.
    • (2010) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.80 , pp. 1-12
    • Bosier, B.1    Muccioli, G.G.2    Hermans, E.3    Lambert, D.M.4
  • 17
    • 0032402194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase promoter activity by chronic morphine in TH9.0-LacZ transgenic mice
    • Boundy V.A., Gold S.J., Messer C.J., Chen J., Son J.H., Joh T.H., Nestler E.J. Regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase promoter activity by chronic morphine in TH9.0-LacZ transgenic mice. J Neurosci 1998, 18:9989-9995.
    • (1998) J Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 9989-9995
    • Boundy, V.A.1    Gold, S.J.2    Messer, C.J.3    Chen, J.4    Son, J.H.5    Joh, T.H.6    Nestler, E.J.7
  • 18
    • 0031973905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis of predictors of continued drug use during and after treatment for opiate addiction
    • Brewer D.D., Catalano R.F., Haggerty K., Gainey R.R., Fleming C.B. A meta-analysis of predictors of continued drug use during and after treatment for opiate addiction. Addiction 1998, 93:73-92.
    • (1998) Addiction , vol.93 , pp. 73-92
    • Brewer, D.D.1    Catalano, R.F.2    Haggerty, K.3    Gainey, R.R.4    Fleming, C.B.5
  • 19
    • 0032835355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The risks for late adolescence of early adolescent marijuana use
    • Brook J.S., Balka E.B., Whiteman M. The risks for late adolescence of early adolescent marijuana use. Am J Public Health 1999, 89:1549-1554.
    • (1999) Am J Public Health , vol.89 , pp. 1549-1554
    • Brook, J.S.1    Balka, E.B.2    Whiteman, M.3
  • 20
    • 0036133652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early adolescent marijuana use: risks for the transition to young adulthood
    • Brook J.S., Adams R.E., Balka E.B., Johnson E. Early adolescent marijuana use: risks for the transition to young adulthood. Psychol Med 2002, 32:79-91.
    • (2002) Psychol Med , vol.32 , pp. 79-91
    • Brook, J.S.1    Adams, R.E.2    Balka, E.B.3    Johnson, E.4
  • 21
    • 0036838331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and consequences of cannabis dependence
    • Budney A.J., Moore B.A. Development and consequences of cannabis dependence. J Clin Pharmacol 2002, 42:28S-33S.
    • (2002) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.42
    • Budney, A.J.1    Moore, B.A.2
  • 22
    • 0031977891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marijuana use and treatment outcome among opioid-dependent patients
    • Budney A.J., Bickel W.K., Amass L. Marijuana use and treatment outcome among opioid-dependent patients. Addiction 1998, 93:493-503.
    • (1998) Addiction , vol.93 , pp. 493-503
    • Budney, A.J.1    Bickel, W.K.2    Amass, L.3
  • 23
    • 0035163791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioural sensitization after repeated exposure to delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cross-sensitization with morphine
    • Cadoni C., Pisanu A., Solinas M., Acquas E., Di Chiara G. Behavioural sensitization after repeated exposure to delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cross-sensitization with morphine. Psychopharmacology 2001, 158:259-266.
    • (2001) Psychopharmacology , vol.158 , pp. 259-266
    • Cadoni, C.1    Pisanu, A.2    Solinas, M.3    Acquas, E.4    Di Chiara, G.5
  • 24
    • 0037470083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroendocrine pharmacology of stress
    • Carrasco G.A., Van de Kar L.D. Neuroendocrine pharmacology of stress. Eur J Pharmacol 2003, 463:235-272.
    • (2003) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.463 , pp. 235-272
    • Carrasco, G.A.1    Van de Kar, L.D.2
  • 25
    • 79960308633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct intra-accumbal infusion of a beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist abolishes WIN 55,212-2-induced aversion
    • Carvalho A.F., Van Bockstaele E.J. Direct intra-accumbal infusion of a beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist abolishes WIN 55,212-2-induced aversion. Neurosci Lett 2011, 500:82-85.
    • (2011) Neurosci Lett , vol.500 , pp. 82-85
    • Carvalho, A.F.1    Van Bockstaele, E.J.2
  • 26
    • 74549174112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid modulation of limbic forebrain noradrenergic circuitry
    • Carvalho A.F., Mackie K., Van Bockstaele E.J. Cannabinoid modulation of limbic forebrain noradrenergic circuitry. Eur J Neurosci 2010, 31:286-301.
    • (2010) Eur J Neurosci , vol.31 , pp. 286-301
    • Carvalho, A.F.1    Mackie, K.2    Van Bockstaele, E.J.3
  • 28
    • 0019164106 scopus 로고
    • Alterations in brain norepinephrine metabolism induced by environmental stimuli previously paired with inescapable shock
    • Cassens G., Roffman M., Kuruc A., Orsulak P.J., Schildkraut J.J. Alterations in brain norepinephrine metabolism induced by environmental stimuli previously paired with inescapable shock. Science 1980, 209:1138-1140.
    • (1980) Science , vol.209 , pp. 1138-1140
    • Cassens, G.1    Roffman, M.2    Kuruc, A.3    Orsulak, P.J.4    Schildkraut, J.J.5
  • 29
    • 1642602474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral effects of cannabinoid agents in animals
    • Chaperon F., Thiebot M.H. Behavioral effects of cannabinoid agents in animals. Crit Rev Neurobiol 1999, 13:243-281.
    • (1999) Crit Rev Neurobiol , vol.13 , pp. 243-281
    • Chaperon, F.1    Thiebot, M.H.2
  • 30
    • 0029790029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunolabeling of Mu opioid receptors in the rat nucleus of the solitary tract: extrasynaptic plasmalemmal localization and association with Leu5-enkephalin
    • Cheng P.Y., Liu-Chen L.Y., Chen C., Pickel V.M. Immunolabeling of Mu opioid receptors in the rat nucleus of the solitary tract: extrasynaptic plasmalemmal localization and association with Leu5-enkephalin. J Comp Neurol 1996, 371:522-536.
    • (1996) J Comp Neurol , vol.371 , pp. 522-536
    • Cheng, P.Y.1    Liu-Chen, L.Y.2    Chen, C.3    Pickel, V.M.4
  • 32
    • 0023493939 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of tolerance to opiates in locus coeruleus neurons
    • Christie M.J., Williams J.T., North R.A. Mechanisms of tolerance to opiates in locus coeruleus neurons. NIDA Res Monogr 1987, 78:158-168.
    • (1987) NIDA Res Monogr , vol.78 , pp. 158-168
    • Christie, M.J.1    Williams, J.T.2    North, R.A.3
  • 33
    • 0034897434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concurrent substance use and outcome in combined behavioral and naltrexone therapy for opiate dependence
    • Church S.H., Rothenberg J.L., Sullivan M.A., Bornstein G., Nunes E.V. Concurrent substance use and outcome in combined behavioral and naltrexone therapy for opiate dependence. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2001, 27:441-452.
    • (2001) Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse , vol.27 , pp. 441-452
    • Church, S.H.1    Rothenberg, J.L.2    Sullivan, M.A.3    Bornstein, G.4    Nunes, E.V.5
  • 34
    • 0346099153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic interactions between cannabinoid and opioid analgesics
    • Cichewicz D.L. Synergistic interactions between cannabinoid and opioid analgesics. Life Sci 2004, 74:1317-1324.
    • (2004) Life Sci , vol.74 , pp. 1317-1324
    • Cichewicz, D.L.1
  • 35
    • 0037373238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antinociceptive synergy between delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol and opioids after oral administration
    • Cichewicz D.L., McCarthy E.A. Antinociceptive synergy between delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol and opioids after oral administration. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2003, 304:1010-1015.
    • (2003) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.304 , pp. 1010-1015
    • Cichewicz, D.L.1    McCarthy, E.A.2
  • 36
    • 0037512412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of oral morphine antinociceptive tolerance and naloxone-precipitated withdrawal signs by oral delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol
    • Cichewicz D.L., Welch S.P. Modulation of oral morphine antinociceptive tolerance and naloxone-precipitated withdrawal signs by oral delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2003, 305:812-817.
    • (2003) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.305 , pp. 812-817
    • Cichewicz, D.L.1    Welch, S.P.2
  • 37
    • 0032925678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancement mu opioid antinociception by oral delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol: dose-response analysis and receptor identification
    • Cichewicz D.L., Martin Z.L., Smith F.L., Welch S.P. Enhancement mu opioid antinociception by oral delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol: dose-response analysis and receptor identification. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999, 289:859-867.
    • (1999) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.289 , pp. 859-867
    • Cichewicz, D.L.1    Martin, Z.L.2    Smith, F.L.3    Welch, S.P.4
  • 38
    • 67649535493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical marijuana: the conflict between scientific evidence and political ideology. Part one of two
    • Cohen P.J. Medical marijuana: the conflict between scientific evidence and political ideology. Part one of two. J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother 2009, 23:4-25.
    • (2009) J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother , vol.23 , pp. 4-25
    • Cohen, P.J.1
  • 39
    • 68549122927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical marijuana: the conflict between scientific evidence and political ideology. Part two of two
    • Cohen P.J. Medical marijuana: the conflict between scientific evidence and political ideology. Part two of two. J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother 2009, 23:120-140.
    • (2009) J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother , vol.23 , pp. 120-140
    • Cohen, P.J.1
  • 40
    • 77957220654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical marijuana 2010: it's time to fix the regulatory vacuum
    • Cohen P.J. Medical marijuana 2010: it's time to fix the regulatory vacuum. J Law Med Ethics 2010, 38:654-666.
    • (2010) J Law Med Ethics , vol.38 , pp. 654-666
    • Cohen, P.J.1
  • 41
    • 0030871674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol increases prodynorphin and proenkephalin gene expression in the spinal cord of the rat
    • Corchero J., Avila M.A., Fuentes J.A., Manzanares J. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol increases prodynorphin and proenkephalin gene expression in the spinal cord of the rat. Life Sci 1997, 61:PL 39-43.
    • (1997) Life Sci , vol.61
    • Corchero, J.1    Avila, M.A.2    Fuentes, J.A.3    Manzanares, J.4
  • 42
    • 0030901502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol increases proopiomelanocortin gene expression in the arcuate nucleus of the rat hypothalamus
    • Corchero J., Fuentes J.A., Manzanares J. Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol increases proopiomelanocortin gene expression in the arcuate nucleus of the rat hypothalamus. Eur J Pharmacol 1997, 323:193-195.
    • (1997) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.323 , pp. 193-195
    • Corchero, J.1    Fuentes, J.A.2    Manzanares, J.3
  • 43
    • 0033528652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time-dependent differences of repeated administration with delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in proenkephalin and cannabinoid receptor gene expression and G-protein activation by mu-opioid and CB1-cannabinoid receptors in the caudate-putamen
    • Corchero J., Romero J., Berrendero F., Fernandez-Ruiz J., Ramos J.A., Fuentes J.A., Manzanares J. Time-dependent differences of repeated administration with delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in proenkephalin and cannabinoid receptor gene expression and G-protein activation by mu-opioid and CB1-cannabinoid receptors in the caudate-putamen. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 1999, 67:148-157.
    • (1999) Brain Res Mol Brain Res , vol.67 , pp. 148-157
    • Corchero, J.1    Romero, J.2    Berrendero, F.3    Fernandez-Ruiz, J.4    Ramos, J.A.5    Fuentes, J.A.6    Manzanares, J.7
  • 44
    • 9744279017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid/opioid crosstalk in the central nervous system
    • Corchero J., Manzanares J., Fuentes J.A. Cannabinoid/opioid crosstalk in the central nervous system. Crit Rev Neurobiol 2004, 16:159-172.
    • (2004) Crit Rev Neurobiol , vol.16 , pp. 159-172
    • Corchero, J.1    Manzanares, J.2    Fuentes, J.A.3
  • 45
  • 46
    • 0031723856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell type-specific regulation of CREB gene expression: mutational analysis of CREB promoter activity
    • Coven E., Ni Y., Widnell K.L., Chen J., Walker W.H., Habener J.F., Nestler E.J. Cell type-specific regulation of CREB gene expression: mutational analysis of CREB promoter activity. J Neurochem 1998, 71:1865-1874.
    • (1998) J Neurochem , vol.71 , pp. 1865-1874
    • Coven, E.1    Ni, Y.2    Widnell, K.L.3    Chen, J.4    Walker, W.H.5    Habener, J.F.6    Nestler, E.J.7
  • 47
    • 34249108566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergy between delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol and morphine in the arthritic rat
    • Cox M.L., Haller V.L., Welch S.P. Synergy between delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol and morphine in the arthritic rat. Eur J Pharmacol 2007, 567:125-130.
    • (2007) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.567 , pp. 125-130
    • Cox, M.L.1    Haller, V.L.2    Welch, S.P.3
  • 48
    • 0018305287 scopus 로고
    • Clonidine reversal of increased norepinephrine metabolite levels during morphine withdrawal
    • Crawley J.N., Laverty R., Roth R.H. Clonidine reversal of increased norepinephrine metabolite levels during morphine withdrawal. Eur J Pharmacol 1979, 57:247-250.
    • (1979) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.57 , pp. 247-250
    • Crawley, J.N.1    Laverty, R.2    Roth, R.H.3
  • 49
    • 25144435574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphine-induced mu-opioid receptor desensitization
    • Dang V.C., Williams J.T. Morphine-induced mu-opioid receptor desensitization. Mol Pharmacol 2005, 68:1127-1132.
    • (2005) Mol Pharmacol , vol.68 , pp. 1127-1132
    • Dang, V.C.1    Williams, J.T.2
  • 50
    • 0037825704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid modulation of the reinforcing and motivational properties of heroin and heroin-associated cues in rats
    • De Vries T.J., Homberg J.R., Binnekade R., Raaso H., Schoffelmeer A.N. Cannabinoid modulation of the reinforcing and motivational properties of heroin and heroin-associated cues in rats. Psychopharmacology 2003, 168:164-169.
    • (2003) Psychopharmacology , vol.168 , pp. 164-169
    • De Vries, T.J.1    Homberg, J.R.2    Binnekade, R.3    Raaso, H.4    Schoffelmeer, A.N.5
  • 51
    • 0035500910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between cannabis use and other substance use in the general population
    • Degenhardt L., Hall W., Lynskey M. The relationship between cannabis use and other substance use in the general population. Drug Alcohol Depend 2001, 64:319-327.
    • (2001) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.64 , pp. 319-327
    • Degenhardt, L.1    Hall, W.2    Lynskey, M.3
  • 53
    • 28944453205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid signalling
    • Demuth D.G., Molleman A. Cannabinoid signalling. Life Sci 2006, 78:549-563.
    • (2006) Life Sci , vol.78 , pp. 549-563
    • Demuth, D.G.1    Molleman, A.2
  • 54
    • 0029081299 scopus 로고
    • Active behaviors in the rat forced swimming test differentially produced by serotonergic and noradrenergic antidepressants
    • Detke M.J., Rickels M., Lucki I. Active behaviors in the rat forced swimming test differentially produced by serotonergic and noradrenergic antidepressants. Psychopharmacology 1995, 121:66-72.
    • (1995) Psychopharmacology , vol.121 , pp. 66-72
    • Detke, M.J.1    Rickels, M.2    Lucki, I.3
  • 58
    • 33645794041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The biosynthesis, fate and pharmacological properties of endocannabinoids
    • Di Marzo V., De Petrocellis L., Bisogno T. The biosynthesis, fate and pharmacological properties of endocannabinoids. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2005, 147-185.
    • (2005) Handb Exp Pharmacol , pp. 147-185
    • Di Marzo, V.1    De Petrocellis, L.2    Bisogno, T.3
  • 59
    • 0029997449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical localization of mu-opioid receptors in the central nervous system of the rat
    • Ding Y.Q., Kaneko T., Nomura S., Mizuno N. Immunohistochemical localization of mu-opioid receptors in the central nervous system of the rat. J Comp Neurol 1996, 367:375-402.
    • (1996) J Comp Neurol , vol.367 , pp. 375-402
    • Ding, Y.Q.1    Kaneko, T.2    Nomura, S.3    Mizuno, N.4
  • 60
    • 3242738309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain circuits involved in corticotropin-releasing factor-norepinephrine interactions during stress
    • Dunn A.J., Swiergiel A.H., Palamarchouk V. Brain circuits involved in corticotropin-releasing factor-norepinephrine interactions during stress. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004, 1018:25-34.
    • (2004) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1018 , pp. 25-34
    • Dunn, A.J.1    Swiergiel, A.H.2    Palamarchouk, V.3
  • 62
    • 33847008322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adolescent cannabis exposure alters opiate intake and opioid limbic neuronal populations in adult rats
    • Ellgren M., Spano S.M., Hurd Y.L. Adolescent cannabis exposure alters opiate intake and opioid limbic neuronal populations in adult rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 2007, 32:607-615.
    • (2007) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.32 , pp. 607-615
    • Ellgren, M.1    Spano, S.M.2    Hurd, Y.L.3
  • 63
    • 0017713346 scopus 로고
    • Marijuana use by heroin abusers as a factor in program retention
    • Ellner M. Marijuana use by heroin abusers as a factor in program retention. J Consult Clin Psychol 1977, 45:709-710.
    • (1977) J Consult Clin Psychol , vol.45 , pp. 709-710
    • Ellner, M.1
  • 64
    • 0037373599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does cannabis use predict poor outcome for heroin-dependent patients on maintenance treatment? Past findings and more evidence against
    • Epstein D.H., Preston K.L. Does cannabis use predict poor outcome for heroin-dependent patients on maintenance treatment? Past findings and more evidence against. Addiction 2003, 98:269-279.
    • (2003) Addiction , vol.98 , pp. 269-279
    • Epstein, D.H.1    Preston, K.L.2
  • 65
    • 0027998114 scopus 로고
    • Opiate withdrawal
    • Farrell M. Opiate withdrawal. Addiction 1994, 89:1471-1475.
    • (1994) Addiction , vol.89 , pp. 1471-1475
    • Farrell, M.1
  • 68
    • 19444364776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid CB(1) antagonist SR 141716A attenuates reinstatement of heroin self-administration in heroin-abstinent rats
    • Fattore L., Spano S., Cossu G., Deiana S., Fadda P., Fratta W. Cannabinoid CB(1) antagonist SR 141716A attenuates reinstatement of heroin self-administration in heroin-abstinent rats. Neuropharmacology 2005, 48:1097-1104.
    • (2005) Neuropharmacology , vol.48 , pp. 1097-1104
    • Fattore, L.1    Spano, S.2    Cossu, G.3    Deiana, S.4    Fadda, P.5    Fratta, W.6
  • 69
    • 33845213875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An endocannabinoid mechanism in relapse to drug seeking: a review of animal studies and clinical perspectives
    • Fattore L., Spano M.S., Deiana S., Melis V., Cossu G., Fadda P., Fratta W. An endocannabinoid mechanism in relapse to drug seeking: a review of animal studies and clinical perspectives. Brain Res Rev 2007, 53:1-16.
    • (2007) Brain Res Rev , vol.53 , pp. 1-16
    • Fattore, L.1    Spano, M.S.2    Deiana, S.3    Melis, V.4    Cossu, G.5    Fadda, P.6    Fratta, W.7
  • 70
    • 34147210041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bidirectional regulation of mu-opioid and CB1-cannabinoid receptor in rats self-administering heroin or WIN 55,212-2
    • Fattore L., Vigano D., Fadda P., Rubino T., Fratta W., Parolaro D. Bidirectional regulation of mu-opioid and CB1-cannabinoid receptor in rats self-administering heroin or WIN 55,212-2. Eur J Neurosci 2007, 25:2191-2200.
    • (2007) Eur J Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 2191-2200
    • Fattore, L.1    Vigano, D.2    Fadda, P.3    Rubino, T.4    Fratta, W.5    Parolaro, D.6
  • 72
    • 0029562933 scopus 로고
    • Ethopharmacological analysis of naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal syndrome in rats: a newly-developed "etho-score"
    • Fernandez Espejo E., Cador M., Stinus L. Ethopharmacological analysis of naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal syndrome in rats: a newly-developed "etho-score". Psychopharmacology 1995, 122:122-130.
    • (1995) Psychopharmacology , vol.122 , pp. 122-130
    • Fernandez Espejo, E.1    Cador, M.2    Stinus, L.3
  • 73
    • 77952170829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid-dopamine interaction in the pathophysiology and treatment of CNS disorders
    • Fernandez-Ruiz J., Hernandez M., Ramos J.A. Cannabinoid-dopamine interaction in the pathophysiology and treatment of CNS disorders. CNS Neurosci Ther 2010, 16:e72-91.
    • (2010) CNS Neurosci Ther , vol.16
    • Fernandez-Ruiz, J.1    Hernandez, M.2    Ramos, J.A.3
  • 74
    • 0033232494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of norepinephrine in mediating stress hormone regulation of long-term memory storage: a critical involvement of the amygdala
    • Ferry B., Roozendaal B., McGaugh J.L. Role of norepinephrine in mediating stress hormone regulation of long-term memory storage: a critical involvement of the amygdala. Biol Psychiatry 1999, 46:1140-1152.
    • (1999) Biol Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 1140-1152
    • Ferry, B.1    Roozendaal, B.2    McGaugh, J.L.3
  • 75
    • 2442670195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perturbations in brain monoamine systems during stress
    • Flugge G., Van Kampen M., Mijnster M.J. Perturbations in brain monoamine systems during stress. Cell Tissue Res 2004, 315:1-14.
    • (2004) Cell Tissue Res , vol.315 , pp. 1-14
    • Flugge, G.1    Van Kampen, M.2    Mijnster, M.J.3
  • 76
    • 0017105031 scopus 로고
    • Correlation between the in vivo and an in vitro expression of opiate withdrawal precipitated by naloxone: their antagonism by l-(-)-delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol
    • Frederickson R.C., Hewes C.R., Aiken J.W. Correlation between the in vivo and an in vitro expression of opiate withdrawal precipitated by naloxone: their antagonism by l-(-)-delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1976, 199:375-384.
    • (1976) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.199 , pp. 375-384
    • Frederickson, R.C.1    Hewes, C.R.2    Aiken, J.W.3
  • 77
    • 0037661996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of endogenous cannabinoids in synaptic signaling
    • Freund T.F., Katona I., Piomelli D. Role of endogenous cannabinoids in synaptic signaling. Physiol Rev 2003, 83:1017-1066.
    • (2003) Physiol Rev , vol.83 , pp. 1017-1066
    • Freund, T.F.1    Katona, I.2    Piomelli, D.3
  • 78
    • 0036019392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocannabinoids in the central nervous system - an overview
    • Fride E. Endocannabinoids in the central nervous system - an overview. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2002, 66:221-233.
    • (2002) Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids , vol.66 , pp. 221-233
    • Fride, E.1
  • 81
    • 0017859399 scopus 로고
    • Development and maintenance of morphine tolerance and dependence in the rat by scheduled access to morphine drinking solutions
    • Gellert V.F., Holtzman S.G. Development and maintenance of morphine tolerance and dependence in the rat by scheduled access to morphine drinking solutions. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1978, 205:536-546.
    • (1978) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.205 , pp. 536-546
    • Gellert, V.F.1    Holtzman, S.G.2
  • 83
    • 68449086265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The burden of the nonmedical use of prescription opioid analgesics
    • Gilson A.M., Kreis P.G. The burden of the nonmedical use of prescription opioid analgesics. Pain Med 2009, 10(Suppl. 2):S89-100.
    • (2009) Pain Med , vol.10 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Gilson, A.M.1    Kreis, P.G.2
  • 84
    • 33745669094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-opioid receptor adaptations to chronic morphine; altered functionality and associations of signaling molecules
    • Gintzler A.R., Chakrabarti S. Post-opioid receptor adaptations to chronic morphine; altered functionality and associations of signaling molecules. Life Sci 2006, 79:717-722.
    • (2006) Life Sci , vol.79 , pp. 717-722
    • Gintzler, A.R.1    Chakrabarti, S.2
  • 85
    • 0034978249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of endocannabinoid inactivation: biochemistry and pharmacology
    • Giuffrida A., Beltramo M., Piomelli D. Mechanisms of endocannabinoid inactivation: biochemistry and pharmacology. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2001, 298:7-14.
    • (2001) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.298 , pp. 7-14
    • Giuffrida, A.1    Beltramo, M.2    Piomelli, D.3
  • 86
    • 0027537501 scopus 로고
    • Opiate addiction and the locus coeruleus. The clinical utility of clonidine, naltrexone, methadone, and buprenorphine
    • Gold M.S. Opiate addiction and the locus coeruleus. The clinical utility of clonidine, naltrexone, methadone, and buprenorphine. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1993, 16:61-73.
    • (1993) Psychiatr Clin North Am , vol.16 , pp. 61-73
    • Gold, M.S.1
  • 87
    • 0018412220 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic hyperactivity in opiate withdrawal supported by clonidine reversal of opiate withdrawal
    • Gold M.S., Redmond D.E., Kleber H.D. Noradrenergic hyperactivity in opiate withdrawal supported by clonidine reversal of opiate withdrawal. Am J Psychiatry 1979, 136:100-102.
    • (1979) Am J Psychiatry , vol.136 , pp. 100-102
    • Gold, M.S.1    Redmond, D.E.2    Kleber, H.D.3
  • 88
    • 45849113264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of endocannabinoid signaling by stress: implications for stress-related affective disorders
    • Gorzalka B.B., Hill M.N., Hillard C.J. Regulation of endocannabinoid signaling by stress: implications for stress-related affective disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2008, 32:1152-1160.
    • (2008) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.32 , pp. 1152-1160
    • Gorzalka, B.B.1    Hill, M.N.2    Hillard, C.J.3
  • 89
    • 0023752977 scopus 로고
    • Clonidine and the treatment of the opiate withdrawal syndrome
    • Gossop M. Clonidine and the treatment of the opiate withdrawal syndrome. Drug Alcohol Depend 1988, 21:253-259.
    • (1988) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.21 , pp. 253-259
    • Gossop, M.1
  • 90
    • 0027772972 scopus 로고
    • Diminished illicit drug use as a consequence of long-term methadone maintenance
    • Gottheil E., Sterling R.C., Weinstein S.P. Diminished illicit drug use as a consequence of long-term methadone maintenance. J Addict Dis 1993, 12:45-57.
    • (1993) J Addict Dis , vol.12 , pp. 45-57
    • Gottheil, E.1    Sterling, R.C.2    Weinstein, S.P.3
  • 91
    • 84921705631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha2 adrenergic agonists for the management of opioid withdrawal
    • Gowing L., Farrell M., Ali R., White J. Alpha2 adrenergic agonists for the management of opioid withdrawal. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004, 18(4):CD002024.
    • (2004) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.18 , Issue.4
    • Gowing, L.1    Farrell, M.2    Ali, R.3    White, J.4
  • 92
    • 79952536002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The multiplicity of action of cannabinoids: implications for reating neurodegeneration
    • Gowran A., Noonan J., Campbell V.A. The multiplicity of action of cannabinoids: implications for reating neurodegeneration. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2011, 17:637-644. 10.1111/j.1755-5949.2010.00195.x.
    • (2011) CNS Neurosci Ther. , vol.17 , pp. 637-644
    • Gowran, A.1    Noonan, J.2    Campbell, V.A.3
  • 94
    • 0025954862 scopus 로고
    • Characterization and localization of cannabinoid receptors in rat brain: a quantitative in vitro autoradiographic study
    • Herkenham M., Lynn A.B., Johnson M.R., Melvin L.S., de Costa B.R., Rice K.C. Characterization and localization of cannabinoid receptors in rat brain: a quantitative in vitro autoradiographic study. J Neurosci 1991, 11:563-583.
    • (1991) J Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 563-583
    • Herkenham, M.1    Lynn, A.B.2    Johnson, M.R.3    Melvin, L.S.4    de Costa, B.R.5    Rice, K.C.6
  • 95
    • 22144469806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low efficacy of non-opioid drugs in opioid withdrawal symptoms
    • Hermann D., Klages E., Welzel H., Mann K., Croissant B. Low efficacy of non-opioid drugs in opioid withdrawal symptoms. Addict Biol 2005, 10:165-169.
    • (2005) Addict Biol , vol.10 , pp. 165-169
    • Hermann, D.1    Klages, E.2    Welzel, H.3    Mann, K.4    Croissant, B.5
  • 96
    • 4544383665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of anxiety-like responsiveness to the cannabinoid CB(1) receptor agonist HU-210 following chronic stress
    • Hill M.N., Gorzalka B.B. Enhancement of anxiety-like responsiveness to the cannabinoid CB(1) receptor agonist HU-210 following chronic stress. Eur J Pharmacol 2004, 499:291-295.
    • (2004) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.499 , pp. 291-295
    • Hill, M.N.1    Gorzalka, B.B.2
  • 97
    • 77953713406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of the endocannabinoid system in the neurobehavioural effects of stress and glucocorticoids
    • Hill M.N., McEwen B.S. Involvement of the endocannabinoid system in the neurobehavioural effects of stress and glucocorticoids. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2010, 34:791-797.
    • (2010) Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry , vol.34 , pp. 791-797
    • Hill, M.N.1    McEwen, B.S.2
  • 98
    • 39849106394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolonged glucocorticoid treatment decreases cannabinoid CB1 receptor density in the hippocampus
    • Hill M.N., Carrier E.J., Ho W.S., Shi L., Patel S., Gorzalka B.B., Hillard C.J. Prolonged glucocorticoid treatment decreases cannabinoid CB1 receptor density in the hippocampus. Hippocampus 2008, 18:221-226.
    • (2008) Hippocampus , vol.18 , pp. 221-226
    • Hill, M.N.1    Carrier, E.J.2    Ho, W.S.3    Shi, L.4    Patel, S.5    Gorzalka, B.B.6    Hillard, C.J.7
  • 100
    • 0022472739 scopus 로고
    • Health aspects of cannabis
    • Hollister L.E. Health aspects of cannabis. Pharmacol Rev 1986, 38:1-20.
    • (1986) Pharmacol Rev , vol.38 , pp. 1-20
    • Hollister, L.E.1
  • 101
    • 0033955624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynorphin B and spinal analgesia: induction of antinociception by the cannabinoids CP55,940, delta(9)-THC and anandamide
    • Houser S.J., Eads M., Embrey J.P., Welch S.P. Dynorphin B and spinal analgesia: induction of antinociception by the cannabinoids CP55,940, delta(9)-THC and anandamide. Brain Res 2000, 857:337-342.
    • (2000) Brain Res , vol.857 , pp. 337-342
    • Houser, S.J.1    Eads, M.2    Embrey, J.P.3    Welch, S.P.4
  • 104
    • 0019729276 scopus 로고
    • Opiate withdrawal syndrome: acute and protracted aspects
    • Jasinski D.R. Opiate withdrawal syndrome: acute and protracted aspects. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1981, 362:183-186.
    • (1981) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.362 , pp. 183-186
    • Jasinski, D.R.1
  • 105
    • 58249105329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Localization and phenotypic characterization of brainstem neurons activated by rimonabant and WIN55,212-2
    • Jelsing J., Galzin A.M., Guillot E., Pruniaux M.P., Larsen P.J., Vrang N. Localization and phenotypic characterization of brainstem neurons activated by rimonabant and WIN55,212-2. Brain Res Bull 2009, 78:202-210.
    • (2009) Brain Res Bull , vol.78 , pp. 202-210
    • Jelsing, J.1    Galzin, A.M.2    Guillot, E.3    Pruniaux, M.P.4    Larsen, P.J.5    Vrang, N.6
  • 106
    • 0037111262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opioid circuits originating from the nucleus paragigantocellularis and their potential role in opiate withdrawal
    • Johnson A.D., Peoples J., Stornetta R.L., Van Bockstaele E.J. Opioid circuits originating from the nucleus paragigantocellularis and their potential role in opiate withdrawal. Brain Res 2002, 955:72-84.
    • (2002) Brain Res , vol.955 , pp. 72-84
    • Johnson, A.D.1    Peoples, J.2    Stornetta, R.L.3    Van Bockstaele, E.J.4
  • 107
    • 33745018099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of opioid receptor phosphorylation and trafficking in adaptations to persistent opioid treatment
    • Johnson E.E., Christie M.J., Connor M. The role of opioid receptor phosphorylation and trafficking in adaptations to persistent opioid treatment. Neurosignals 2005, 14:290-302.
    • (2005) Neurosignals , vol.14 , pp. 290-302
    • Johnson, E.E.1    Christie, M.J.2    Connor, M.3
  • 108
    • 17844410926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concurrent stimulation of cannabinoid CB1 and dopamine D2 receptors enhances heterodimer formation: a mechanism for receptor cross-talk?
    • Kearn C.S., Blake-Palmer K., Daniel E., Mackie K., Glass M. Concurrent stimulation of cannabinoid CB1 and dopamine D2 receptors enhances heterodimer formation: a mechanism for receptor cross-talk?. Mol Pharmacol 2005, 67:1697-1704.
    • (2005) Mol Pharmacol , vol.67 , pp. 1697-1704
    • Kearn, C.S.1    Blake-Palmer, K.2    Daniel, E.3    Mackie, K.4    Glass, M.5
  • 109
    • 0031872334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabis use, abuse, and dependence in a population-based sample of female twins
    • Kendler K.S., Prescott C.A. Cannabis use, abuse, and dependence in a population-based sample of female twins. Am J Psychiatry 1998, 155:1016-1022.
    • (1998) Am J Psychiatry , vol.155 , pp. 1016-1022
    • Kendler, K.S.1    Prescott, C.A.2
  • 111
    • 46749137874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presynaptic inhibition of diverse afferents to the locus ceruleus by kappa-opiate receptors: a novel mechanism for regulating the central norepinephrine system
    • Kreibich A., Reyes B.A., Curtis A.L., Ecke L., Chavkin C., Van Bockstaele E.J., Valentino R.J. Presynaptic inhibition of diverse afferents to the locus ceruleus by kappa-opiate receptors: a novel mechanism for regulating the central norepinephrine system. J Neurosci 2008, 28:6516-6525.
    • (2008) J Neurosci , vol.28 , pp. 6516-6525
    • Kreibich, A.1    Reyes, B.A.2    Curtis, A.L.3    Ecke, L.4    Chavkin, C.5    Van Bockstaele, E.J.6    Valentino, R.J.7
  • 112
    • 0036606619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrograde signaling by endocannabinoids
    • Kreitzer A.C., Regehr W.G. Retrograde signaling by endocannabinoids. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2002, 12:324-330.
    • (2002) Curr Opin Neurobiol , vol.12 , pp. 324-330
    • Kreitzer, A.C.1    Regehr, W.G.2
  • 113
    • 0030803695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) in the locus coeruleus: biochemical, physiological, and behavioral evidence for a role in opiate dependence
    • Lane-Ladd S.B., Pineda J., Boundy V.A., Pfeuffer T., Krupinski J., Aghajanian G.K., Nestler E.J. CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) in the locus coeruleus: biochemical, physiological, and behavioral evidence for a role in opiate dependence. J Neurosci 1997, 17:7890-7901.
    • (1997) J Neurosci , vol.17 , pp. 7890-7901
    • Lane-Ladd, S.B.1    Pineda, J.2    Boundy, V.A.3    Pfeuffer, T.4    Krupinski, J.5    Aghajanian, G.K.6    Nestler, E.J.7
  • 114
    • 0034893982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opioid and cannabinoid modulation of precipitated withdrawal in delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol and morphine-dependent mice
    • Lichtman A.H., Sheikh S.M., Loh H.H., Martin B.R. Opioid and cannabinoid modulation of precipitated withdrawal in delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol and morphine-dependent mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2001, 298:1007-1014.
    • (2001) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.298 , pp. 1007-1014
    • Lichtman, A.H.1    Sheikh, S.M.2    Loh, H.H.3    Martin, B.R.4
  • 115
    • 77954908389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pharmacological treatment of opioid addiction - a clinical perspective
    • Lobmaier P., Gossop M., Waal H., Bramness J. The pharmacological treatment of opioid addiction - a clinical perspective. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2010, 66:537-545.
    • (2010) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.66 , pp. 537-545
    • Lobmaier, P.1    Gossop, M.2    Waal, H.3    Bramness, J.4
  • 116
    • 77950814617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional interactions between endogenous cannabinoid and opioid systems: focus on alcohol, genetics and drug-addicted behaviors
    • Lopez-Moreno J.A., Lopez-Jimenez A., Gorriti M.A., de Fonseca F.R. Functional interactions between endogenous cannabinoid and opioid systems: focus on alcohol, genetics and drug-addicted behaviors. Curr Drug Targets 2010, 11:406-428.
    • (2010) Curr Drug Targets , vol.11 , pp. 406-428
    • Lopez-Moreno, J.A.1    Lopez-Jimenez, A.2    Gorriti, M.A.3    de Fonseca, F.R.4
  • 117
    • 20444428308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive consequences of cannabis use: comparison with abuse of stimulants and heroin with regard to attention, memory and executive functions
    • Lundqvist T. Cognitive consequences of cannabis use: comparison with abuse of stimulants and heroin with regard to attention, memory and executive functions. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2005, 81:319-330.
    • (2005) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.81 , pp. 319-330
    • Lundqvist, T.1
  • 118
    • 50349086035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic use of Cannabis sativa on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting among cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Machado Rocha F.C., Stefano S.C., De Cassia Haiek.R., Rosa Oliveira L.M., Da Silveira D.X. Therapeutic use of Cannabis sativa on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting among cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2008, 17:431-443.
    • (2008) Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) , vol.17 , pp. 431-443
    • Machado Rocha, F.C.1    Stefano, S.C.2    De Cassia, H.3    Rosa Oliveira, L.M.4    Da Silveira, D.X.5
  • 119
    • 23044495676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid receptor homo- and heterodimerization
    • Mackie K. Cannabinoid receptor homo- and heterodimerization. Life Sci 2005, 77:1667-1673.
    • (2005) Life Sci , vol.77 , pp. 1667-1673
    • Mackie, K.1
  • 120
    • 33645774927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of cannabinoid receptors in the central and peripheral nervous system
    • Mackie K. Distribution of cannabinoid receptors in the central and peripheral nervous system. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2005, 299-325.
    • (2005) Handb Exp Pharmacol , pp. 299-325
    • Mackie, K.1
  • 121
    • 42349116262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid receptors: where they are and what they do
    • Mackie K. Cannabinoid receptors: where they are and what they do. J Neuroendocrinol 2008, 20(Suppl. 1):10-14.
    • (2008) J Neuroendocrinol , vol.20 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 10-14
    • Mackie, K.1
  • 122
    • 0031045839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Participation of noradrenergic pathways in the expression of opiate withdrawal: biochemical and pharmacological evidence
    • Maldonado R. Participation of noradrenergic pathways in the expression of opiate withdrawal: biochemical and pharmacological evidence. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 1997, 21:91-104.
    • (1997) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.21 , pp. 91-104
    • Maldonado, R.1
  • 123
  • 124
    • 0027413556 scopus 로고
    • Destruction of the locus coeruleus decreases physical signs of opiate withdrawal
    • Maldonado R., Koob G.F. Destruction of the locus coeruleus decreases physical signs of opiate withdrawal. Brain Res 1993, 605:128-138.
    • (1993) Brain Res , vol.605 , pp. 128-138
    • Maldonado, R.1    Koob, G.F.2
  • 125
    • 0242720430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Participation of the opioid system in cannabinoid-induced antinociception and emotional-like responses
    • Maldonado R., Valverde O. Participation of the opioid system in cannabinoid-induced antinociception and emotional-like responses. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2003, 13:401-410.
    • (2003) Eur Neuropsychopharmacol , vol.13 , pp. 401-410
    • Maldonado, R.1    Valverde, O.2
  • 126
    • 0026773463 scopus 로고
    • Role of different brain structures in the expression of the physical morphine withdrawal syndrome
    • Maldonado R., Stinus L., Gold L.H., Koob G.F. Role of different brain structures in the expression of the physical morphine withdrawal syndrome. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1992, 261:669-677.
    • (1992) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.261 , pp. 669-677
    • Maldonado, R.1    Stinus, L.2    Gold, L.H.3    Koob, G.F.4
  • 127
    • 0026621688 scopus 로고
    • Precipitation of morphine withdrawal syndrome in rats by administration of mu-, delta- and kappa-selective opioid antagonists
    • Maldonado R., Negus S., Koob G.F. Precipitation of morphine withdrawal syndrome in rats by administration of mu-, delta- and kappa-selective opioid antagonists. Neuropharmacology. 1992, 31:1231-1241.
    • (1992) Neuropharmacology. , vol.31 , pp. 1231-1241
    • Maldonado, R.1    Negus, S.2    Koob, G.F.3
  • 128
    • 0028829387 scopus 로고
    • Protein kinases in the locus coeruleus and periaqueductal gray matter are involved in the expression of opiate withdrawal
    • Maldonado R., Valverde O., Garbay C., Roques B.P. Protein kinases in the locus coeruleus and periaqueductal gray matter are involved in the expression of opiate withdrawal. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 1995, 352:565-575.
    • (1995) Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol , vol.352 , pp. 565-575
    • Maldonado, R.1    Valverde, O.2    Garbay, C.3    Roques, B.P.4
  • 129
    • 0029058036 scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical localization of the cloned mu opioid receptor in the rat CNS
    • Mansour A., Fox C.A., Burke S., Akil H., Watson S.J. Immunohistochemical localization of the cloned mu opioid receptor in the rat CNS. J Chem Neuroanat 1995, 8:283-305.
    • (1995) J Chem Neuroanat , vol.8 , pp. 283-305
    • Mansour, A.1    Fox, C.A.2    Burke, S.3    Akil, H.4    Watson, S.J.5
  • 133
    • 0035200104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The economic costs of heroin addiction in the United States
    • Mark T.L., Woody G.E., Juday T., Kleber H.D. The economic costs of heroin addiction in the United States. Drug Alcohol Depend 2001, 61:195-206.
    • (2001) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.61 , pp. 195-206
    • Mark, T.L.1    Woody, G.E.2    Juday, T.3    Kleber, H.D.4
  • 134
    • 0033538561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery and characterization of endogenous cannabinoids
    • Martin B.R., Mechoulam R., Razdan R.K. Discovery and characterization of endogenous cannabinoids. Life Sci 1999, 65:573-595.
    • (1999) Life Sci , vol.65 , pp. 573-595
    • Martin, B.R.1    Mechoulam, R.2    Razdan, R.K.3
  • 135
    • 0035040970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of opioid dependence by the CB(1) antagonist SR141716A in mice: evaluation of the interest in pharmacotherapy of opioid addiction
    • Mas-Nieto M., Pommier B., Tzavara E.T., Caneparo A., Da Nascimento S., Le Fur G., Roques B.P., Noble F. Reduction of opioid dependence by the CB(1) antagonist SR141716A in mice: evaluation of the interest in pharmacotherapy of opioid addiction. Br J Pharmacol 2001, 132:1809-1816.
    • (2001) Br J Pharmacol , vol.132 , pp. 1809-1816
    • Mas-Nieto, M.1    Pommier, B.2    Tzavara, E.T.3    Caneparo, A.4    Da Nascimento, S.5    Le Fur, G.6    Roques, B.P.7    Noble, F.8
  • 136
    • 0035796889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative characterization in the rat of the interaction between cannabinoids and opiates for their immunosuppressive and analgesic effects
    • Massi P., Vaccani A., Romorini S., Parolaro D. Comparative characterization in the rat of the interaction between cannabinoids and opiates for their immunosuppressive and analgesic effects. J Neuroimmunol 2001, 117:116-124.
    • (2001) J Neuroimmunol , vol.117 , pp. 116-124
    • Massi, P.1    Vaccani, A.2    Romorini, S.3    Parolaro, D.4
  • 137
    • 70350721499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monoaminergic neurotransmission contributes to cannabinoid-induced activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
    • McLaughlin R.J., Hill M.N., Gorzalka B.B. Monoaminergic neurotransmission contributes to cannabinoid-induced activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Eur J Pharmacol 2009, 624:71-76.
    • (2009) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.624 , pp. 71-76
    • McLaughlin, R.J.1    Hill, M.N.2    Gorzalka, B.B.3
  • 138
    • 77649191176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of methadone, buprenorphine and alpha(2) adrenergic agonists for opioid detoxification: a mixed treatment comparison meta-analysis
    • Meader N. A comparison of methadone, buprenorphine and alpha(2) adrenergic agonists for opioid detoxification: a mixed treatment comparison meta-analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend 2010, 108:110-114.
    • (2010) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.108 , pp. 110-114
    • Meader, N.1
  • 141
    • 2442624506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoids enhance N-methyl-d-aspartate-induced excitation of locus coeruleus neurons by CB1 receptors in rat brain slices
    • Mendiguren A., Pineda J. Cannabinoids enhance N-methyl-d-aspartate-induced excitation of locus coeruleus neurons by CB1 receptors in rat brain slices. Neurosci Lett 2004, 363:1-5.
    • (2004) Neurosci Lett , vol.363 , pp. 1-5
    • Mendiguren, A.1    Pineda, J.2
  • 142
    • 33644902603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CB(1) cannabinoid receptors inhibit the glutamatergic component of KCl-evoked excitation of locus coeruleus neurons in rat brain slices
    • Mendiguren A., Pineda J. CB(1) cannabinoid receptors inhibit the glutamatergic component of KCl-evoked excitation of locus coeruleus neurons in rat brain slices. Eur J Pharmacol 2006, 534:83-88.
    • (2006) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.534 , pp. 83-88
    • Mendiguren, A.1    Pineda, J.2
  • 143
    • 33644902603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic effect of cannabinoids on the spontaneous firing rate of locus coeruleus neurons in rats
    • Mendiguren A., Pineda J. Systemic effect of cannabinoids on the spontaneous firing rate of locus coeruleus neurons in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2006, 534:83-88.
    • (2006) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.534 , pp. 83-88
    • Mendiguren, A.1    Pineda, J.2
  • 144
    • 33846464995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CB(1) cannabinoid receptors inhibit the glutamatergic component of KCl-evoked excitation of locus coeruleus neurons in rat brain slices
    • Mendiguren A., Pineda J. CB(1) cannabinoid receptors inhibit the glutamatergic component of KCl-evoked excitation of locus coeruleus neurons in rat brain slices. Neuropharmacology 2007, 52:617-625.
    • (2007) Neuropharmacology , vol.52 , pp. 617-625
    • Mendiguren, A.1    Pineda, J.2
  • 145
    • 0031059717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electron microscopic distribution of mu opioid receptors on noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus
    • Moyse E., Marcel D., Leonard K., Beaudet A. Electron microscopic distribution of mu opioid receptors on noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus. Eur J Neurosci 1997, 9:128-139.
    • (1997) Eur J Neurosci , vol.9 , pp. 128-139
    • Moyse, E.1    Marcel, D.2    Leonard, K.3    Beaudet, A.4
  • 146
    • 33646671445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoids modulate spontaneous neuronal activity and evoked inhibition of locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons
    • Muntoni A.L., Pillolla G., Melis M., Perra S., Gessa G.L., Pistis M. Cannabinoids modulate spontaneous neuronal activity and evoked inhibition of locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons. Eur J Neurosci 2006, 23:2385-2394.
    • (2006) Eur J Neurosci , vol.23 , pp. 2385-2394
    • Muntoni, A.L.1    Pillolla, G.2    Melis, M.3    Perra, S.4    Gessa, G.L.5    Pistis, M.6
  • 147
    • 79952200582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of urine results concerning co-consumption of illicit heroin and other drugs in heroin and methadone maintenance programs
    • Musshoff F., Trafkowski J., Lichtermann D., Madea B. Comparison of urine results concerning co-consumption of illicit heroin and other drugs in heroin and methadone maintenance programs. Int J Legal Med. 2010, 124:499-503. 10.1007/s00414-009-0361-8.
    • (2010) Int J Legal Med. , vol.124 , pp. 499-503
    • Musshoff, F.1    Trafkowski, J.2    Lichtermann, D.3    Madea, B.4
  • 148
    • 34249321919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic cannabis use does not affect the normalization of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis induced by methadone in heroin addicts
    • Nava F., Manzato E., Lucchini A. Chronic cannabis use does not affect the normalization of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis induced by methadone in heroin addicts. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2007, 31:1089-1094.
    • (2007) Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry , vol.31 , pp. 1089-1094
    • Nava, F.1    Manzato, E.2    Lucchini, A.3
  • 150
    • 0026645205 scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms of drug addiction
    • Nestler E.J. Molecular mechanisms of drug addiction. J Neurosci 1992, 12:2439-2450.
    • (1992) J Neurosci , vol.12 , pp. 2439-2450
    • Nestler, E.J.1
  • 151
    • 0027173626 scopus 로고
    • Cellular responses to chronic treatment with drugs of abuse
    • Nestler E.J. Cellular responses to chronic treatment with drugs of abuse. Crit Rev Neurobiol 1993, 7:23-39.
    • (1993) Crit Rev Neurobiol , vol.7 , pp. 23-39
    • Nestler, E.J.1
  • 152
    • 0034834576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular neurobiology of addiction
    • Nestler E.J. Molecular neurobiology of addiction. Am J Addict 2001, 10:201-217.
    • (2001) Am J Addict , vol.10 , pp. 201-217
    • Nestler, E.J.1
  • 153
    • 0030766528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular and cellular basis of addiction
    • Nestler E.J., Aghajanian G.K. Molecular and cellular basis of addiction. Science 1997, 278:58-63.
    • (1997) Science , vol.278 , pp. 58-63
    • Nestler, E.J.1    Aghajanian, G.K.2
  • 154
  • 155
    • 0028029719 scopus 로고
    • Molecular and cellular mechanisms of opiate action: studies in the rat locus coeruleus
    • Nestler E.J., Alreja M., Aghajanian G.K. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of opiate action: studies in the rat locus coeruleus. Brain Res Bull 1994, 35:521-528.
    • (1994) Brain Res Bull , vol.35 , pp. 521-528
    • Nestler, E.J.1    Alreja, M.2    Aghajanian, G.K.3
  • 156
    • 0033232479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular control of locus coeruleus neurotransmission
    • Nestler E.J., Alreja M., Aghajanian G.K. Molecular control of locus coeruleus neurotransmission. Biol Psychiatry 1999, 46:1131-1139.
    • (1999) Biol Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 1131-1139
    • Nestler, E.J.1    Alreja, M.2    Aghajanian, G.K.3
  • 158
    • 85081145738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabis use and treatment outcome in methadone maintenance
    • author reply 1322-1323
    • Nixon L.N. Cannabis use and treatment outcome in methadone maintenance. Addiction 2003, 98:1321-1322. author reply 1322-1323.
    • (2003) Addiction , vol.98 , pp. 1321-1322
    • Nixon, L.N.1
  • 159
    • 0005353339 scopus 로고
    • Mu and delta receptors belong to a family of receptors that are coupled to potassium channels
    • North R.A., Williams J.T., Surprenant A., Christie M.J. Mu and delta receptors belong to a family of receptors that are coupled to potassium channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1987, 84:5487-5491.
    • (1987) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.84 , pp. 5487-5491
    • North, R.A.1    Williams, J.T.2    Surprenant, A.3    Christie, M.J.4
  • 160
    • 0023687719 scopus 로고
    • Nonnarcotic drug use over an addiction career - a study of heroin addicts in Baltimore and New York City
    • Nurco D.N., Kinlock T.W., Hanlon T.E., Ball J.C. Nonnarcotic drug use over an addiction career - a study of heroin addicts in Baltimore and New York City. Compr Psychiatry 1988, 29:450-459.
    • (1988) Compr Psychiatry , vol.29 , pp. 450-459
    • Nurco, D.N.1    Kinlock, T.W.2    Hanlon, T.E.3    Ball, J.C.4
  • 161
    • 0008885735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OAS, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies, S. A. a. M. H. S. A. (Ed.)
    • OAS Analyses of substance abuse and treatment need issues 1998, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Office of Applied Studies, S. A. a. M. H. S. A. (Ed.).
    • (1998) Analyses of substance abuse and treatment need issues
  • 162
    • 3142686738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results from the 2004 national survey on drug use and health: national findings
    • OAS, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Applied Studies, S. A. a. M. H. S. A. (Ed.)
    • OAS Results from the 2004 national survey on drug use and health: national findings. National survey on drug use and health 2005, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Office of Applied Studies, S. A. a. M. H. S. A. (Ed.).
    • (2005) National survey on drug use and health
  • 163
    • 70449406726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results from the 2008 national survey on drug use and health: national findings
    • OAS, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Applied Studies, S. A. a. M. H. S. A., ed (Ed.)
    • OAS Results from the 2008 national survey on drug use and health: national findings. National survey on drug use and health 2009, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Office of Applied Studies, S. A. a. M. H. S. A., ed (Ed.).
    • (2009) National survey on drug use and health
  • 164
    • 71749104726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid receptors in brain: pharmacogenetics, neuropharmacology, neurotoxicology, and potential therapeutic applications
    • Onaivi E.S. Cannabinoid receptors in brain: pharmacogenetics, neuropharmacology, neurotoxicology, and potential therapeutic applications. Int Rev Neurobiol 2009, 88:335-369.
    • (2009) Int Rev Neurobiol , vol.88 , pp. 335-369
    • Onaivi, E.S.1
  • 165
    • 20144378367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic administration of WIN 55,212-2 increases norepinephrine release in the rat frontal cortex
    • Oropeza V.C., Page M.E., Van Bockstaele E.J. Systemic administration of WIN 55,212-2 increases norepinephrine release in the rat frontal cortex. Brain Res 2005, 1046:45-54.
    • (2005) Brain Res , vol.1046 , pp. 45-54
    • Oropeza, V.C.1    Page, M.E.2    Van Bockstaele, E.J.3
  • 166
    • 33845190636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid receptors are localized to noradrenergic axon terminals in the rat frontal cortex
    • Oropeza V.C., Mackie K., Van Bockstaele E.J. Cannabinoid receptors are localized to noradrenergic axon terminals in the rat frontal cortex. Brain Res 2007, 1127:36-44.
    • (2007) Brain Res , vol.1127 , pp. 36-44
    • Oropeza, V.C.1    Mackie, K.2    Van Bockstaele, E.J.3
  • 167
    • 0028027706 scopus 로고
    • Locus coeruleus activation by physiological challenges
    • Page M.E., Valentino R.J. Locus coeruleus activation by physiological challenges. Brain Res Bull 1994, 35:557-560.
    • (1994) Brain Res Bull , vol.35 , pp. 557-560
    • Page, M.E.1    Valentino, R.J.2
  • 169
    • 38049026711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local administration of a cannabinoid agonist alters norepinephrine efflux in the rat frontal cortex
    • Page M.E., Oropeza V.C., Van Bockstaele E.J. Local administration of a cannabinoid agonist alters norepinephrine efflux in the rat frontal cortex. Neurosci Lett 2008, 431:1-5.
    • (2008) Neurosci Lett , vol.431 , pp. 1-5
    • Page, M.E.1    Oropeza, V.C.2    Van Bockstaele, E.J.3
  • 170
    • 77950840678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular mechanisms underlying the interaction between cannabinoid and opioid system
    • Parolaro D., Rubino T., Vigano D., Massi P., Guidali C., Realini N. Cellular mechanisms underlying the interaction between cannabinoid and opioid system. Curr Drug Targets 2010, 11:393-405.
    • (2010) Curr Drug Targets , vol.11 , pp. 393-405
    • Parolaro, D.1    Rubino, T.2    Vigano, D.3    Massi, P.4    Guidali, C.5    Realini, N.6
  • 171
    • 19344375070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular biology of opioid analgesia
    • Pasternak G.W. Molecular biology of opioid analgesia. J Pain Symptom Manage 2005, 29:S2-9.
    • (2005) J Pain Symptom Manage , vol.29
    • Pasternak, G.W.1
  • 173
    • 0013659375 scopus 로고
    • Opiate receptor: autoradiographic localization in rat brain
    • Pert C.B., Kuhar M.J., Snyder S.H. Opiate receptor: autoradiographic localization in rat brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1976, 73:3729-3733.
    • (1976) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.73 , pp. 3729-3733
    • Pert, C.B.1    Kuhar, M.J.2    Snyder, S.H.3
  • 174
    • 0033566349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presence of mu-opioid receptors in targets of efferent projections from the central nucleus of the amygdala to the nucleus of the solitary tract
    • Pickel V.M., Colago E.E. Presence of mu-opioid receptors in targets of efferent projections from the central nucleus of the amygdala to the nucleus of the solitary tract. Synapse 1999, 33:141-152.
    • (1999) Synapse , vol.33 , pp. 141-152
    • Pickel, V.M.1    Colago, E.E.2
  • 175
    • 3042592978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compartment-specific localization of cannabinoid 1 (CB1) and mu-opioid receptors in rat nucleus accumbens
    • Pickel V.M., Chan J., Kash T.L., Rodriguez J.J., MacKie K. Compartment-specific localization of cannabinoid 1 (CB1) and mu-opioid receptors in rat nucleus accumbens. Neuroscience 2004, 127:101-112.
    • (2004) Neuroscience , vol.127 , pp. 101-112
    • Pickel, V.M.1    Chan, J.2    Kash, T.L.3    Rodriguez, J.J.4    MacKie, K.5
  • 176
    • 0242268553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular logic of endocannabinoid signalling
    • Piomelli D. The molecular logic of endocannabinoid signalling. Nat Rev Neurosci 2003, 4:873-884.
    • (2003) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.4 , pp. 873-884
    • Piomelli, D.1
  • 177
    • 21344432777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The endocannabinoid system: a drug discovery perspective
    • Piomelli D. The endocannabinoid system: a drug discovery perspective. Curr Opin Investig Drugs 2005, 6:672-679.
    • (2005) Curr Opin Investig Drugs , vol.6 , pp. 672-679
    • Piomelli, D.1
  • 179
    • 0028984358 scopus 로고
    • Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to the kappa-1 receptor block the antinociceptive effects of delta 9-THC in the spinal cord
    • Pugh G., Abood M.E., Welch S.P. Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to the kappa-1 receptor block the antinociceptive effects of delta 9-THC in the spinal cord. Brain Res 1995, 689:157-158.
    • (1995) Brain Res , vol.689 , pp. 157-158
    • Pugh, G.1    Abood, M.E.2    Welch, S.P.3
  • 180
    • 12644287543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of endogenous opioids in enhancing the antinociception produced by the combination of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol and morphine in the spinal cord
    • Pugh G., Smith P.B., Dombrowski D.S., Welch S.P. The role of endogenous opioids in enhancing the antinociception produced by the combination of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol and morphine in the spinal cord. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1996, 279:608-616.
    • (1996) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.279 , pp. 608-616
    • Pugh, G.1    Smith, P.B.2    Dombrowski, D.S.3    Welch, S.P.4
  • 181
    • 8244238393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of dynorphin B in the antinociceptive effects of the cannabinoid CP55,940 in the spinal cord
    • Pugh G., Mason D.J., Combs V., Welch S.P. Involvement of dynorphin B in the antinociceptive effects of the cannabinoid CP55,940 in the spinal cord. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1997, 281:730-737.
    • (1997) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.281 , pp. 730-737
    • Pugh, G.1    Mason, D.J.2    Combs, V.3    Welch, S.P.4
  • 183
    • 14244264502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of Alzheimer's disease pathology by cannabinoids: neuroprotection mediated by blockade of microglial activation
    • Ramirez B.G., Blazquez C., Gomez del Pulgar T., Guzman M., de Ceballos M.L. Prevention of Alzheimer's disease pathology by cannabinoids: neuroprotection mediated by blockade of microglial activation. J Neurosci 2005, 25:1904-1913.
    • (2005) J Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 1904-1913
    • Ramirez, B.G.1    Blazquez, C.2    Gomez del Pulgar, T.3    Guzman, M.4    de Ceballos, M.L.5
  • 184
    • 0024792737 scopus 로고
    • Withdrawal-induced activation of locus coeruleus neurons in opiate-dependent rats: attenuation by lesions of the nucleus paragigantocellularis
    • Rasmussen K., Aghajanian G.K. Withdrawal-induced activation of locus coeruleus neurons in opiate-dependent rats: attenuation by lesions of the nucleus paragigantocellularis. Brain Res 1989, 505:346-350.
    • (1989) Brain Res , vol.505 , pp. 346-350
    • Rasmussen, K.1    Aghajanian, G.K.2
  • 185
    • 0025457883 scopus 로고
    • Opiate withdrawal and the rat locus coeruleus: behavioral, electrophysiological, and biochemical correlates
    • Rasmussen K., Beitner-Johnson D.B., Krystal J.H., Aghajanian G.K., Nestler E.J. Opiate withdrawal and the rat locus coeruleus: behavioral, electrophysiological, and biochemical correlates. J Neurosci 1990, 10:2308-2317.
    • (1990) J Neurosci , vol.10 , pp. 2308-2317
    • Rasmussen, K.1    Beitner-Johnson, D.B.2    Krystal, J.H.3    Aghajanian, G.K.4    Nestler, E.J.5
  • 186
    • 70949085465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence and significance of cannabis use in patients prescribed chronic opioid therapy: a review of the extant literature
    • Reisfield G.M., Wasan A.D., Jamison R.N. The prevalence and significance of cannabis use in patients prescribed chronic opioid therapy: a review of the extant literature. Pain Med 2009, 10:1434-1441.
    • (2009) Pain Med , vol.10 , pp. 1434-1441
    • Reisfield, G.M.1    Wasan, A.D.2    Jamison, R.N.3
  • 187
    • 33846785591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructural evidence for co-localization of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor and mu-opioid receptor in the rat nucleus locus coeruleus
    • Reyes B.A., Glaser J.D., Van Bockstaele E.J. Ultrastructural evidence for co-localization of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor and mu-opioid receptor in the rat nucleus locus coeruleus. Neurosci Lett 2007, 413:216-221.
    • (2007) Neurosci Lett , vol.413 , pp. 216-221
    • Reyes, B.A.1    Glaser, J.D.2    Van Bockstaele, E.J.3
  • 188
    • 59149092643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subcellular targeting of kappa-opioid receptors in the rat nucleus locus coeruleus
    • Reyes B.A., Chavkin C., van Bockstaele E.J. Subcellular targeting of kappa-opioid receptors in the rat nucleus locus coeruleus. J Comp Neurol 2009, 512:419-431.
    • (2009) J Comp Neurol , vol.512 , pp. 419-431
    • Reyes, B.A.1    Chavkin, C.2    van Bockstaele, E.J.3
  • 189
    • 71249161121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoid modulation of cortical adrenergic receptors and transporters
    • Reyes B.A., Rosario J.C., Piana P.M., Van Bockstaele E.J. Cannabinoid modulation of cortical adrenergic receptors and transporters. J Neurosci Res 2009, 87:3671-3678.
    • (2009) J Neurosci Res , vol.87 , pp. 3671-3678
    • Reyes, B.A.1    Rosario, J.C.2    Piana, P.M.3    Van Bockstaele, E.J.4
  • 190
    • 84862295478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress-induced sensitization of cortical adrenergic receptors following a history of cannabinoid exposure
    • Reyes B., Szot P., Sikkema C., Cathel A., Kirby L., Bockstaele E.V. Stress-induced sensitization of cortical adrenergic receptors following a history of cannabinoid exposure. Experimental Neurology 2012, 236:327-335. 10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.05.016.
    • (2012) Experimental Neurology , vol.236 , pp. 327-335
    • Reyes, B.1    Szot, P.2    Sikkema, C.3    Cathel, A.4    Kirby, L.5    Bockstaele, E.V.6
  • 191
    • 0035726693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • G-protein-coupled receptor dimerization: modulation of receptor function
    • Rios C.D., Jordan B.A., Gomes I., Devi L.A. G-protein-coupled receptor dimerization: modulation of receptor function. Pharmacol Ther 2001, 92:71-87.
    • (2001) Pharmacol Ther , vol.92 , pp. 71-87
    • Rios, C.D.1    Jordan, B.A.2    Gomes, I.3    Devi, L.A.4
  • 192
    • 33745085564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mu opioid and CB1 cannabinoid receptor interactions: reciprocal inhibition of receptor signaling and neuritogenesis
    • Rios C., Gomes I., Devi L.A. Mu opioid and CB1 cannabinoid receptor interactions: reciprocal inhibition of receptor signaling and neuritogenesis. Br J Pharmacol 2006, 148:387-395.
    • (2006) Br J Pharmacol , vol.148 , pp. 387-395
    • Rios, C.1    Gomes, I.2    Devi, L.A.3
  • 193
    • 29844446057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic affective analgesic interaction between delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and morphine
    • Roberts J.D., Gennings C., Shih M. Synergistic affective analgesic interaction between delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and morphine. Eur J Pharmacol 2006, 530:54-58.
    • (2006) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.530 , pp. 54-58
    • Roberts, J.D.1    Gennings, C.2    Shih, M.3
  • 194
    • 77950801817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoids, opioids and MDMA: neuropsychological interactions related to addiction
    • Robledo P. Cannabinoids, opioids and MDMA: neuropsychological interactions related to addiction. Curr Drug Targets 2010, 11:429-439.
    • (2010) Curr Drug Targets , vol.11 , pp. 429-439
    • Robledo, P.1
  • 195
    • 0035135376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic aspects of cannabis and cannabinoids
    • Robson P. Therapeutic aspects of cannabis and cannabinoids. Br J Psychiatry 2001, 178:107-115.
    • (2001) Br J Psychiatry , vol.178 , pp. 107-115
    • Robson, P.1
  • 196
    • 0035112869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructural localization of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor in mu-opioid receptor patches of the rat Caudate putamen nucleus
    • Rodriguez J.J., Mackie K., Pickel V.M. Ultrastructural localization of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor in mu-opioid receptor patches of the rat Caudate putamen nucleus. J Neurosci 2001, 21:823-833.
    • (2001) J Neurosci , vol.21 , pp. 823-833
    • Rodriguez, J.J.1    Mackie, K.2    Pickel, V.M.3
  • 197
    • 78650033582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type I cannabinoid receptor trafficking: all roads lead to lysosome
    • Rozenfeld R. Type I cannabinoid receptor trafficking: all roads lead to lysosome. Traffic 2010, 12(1):12-18. 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2010.01130.x.
    • (2010) Traffic , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 12-18
    • Rozenfeld, R.1
  • 198
    • 42249114663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long lasting consequences of cannabis exposure in adolescence
    • Rubino T., Parolaro D. Long lasting consequences of cannabis exposure in adolescence. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2008, 286:S108-113.
    • (2008) Mol Cell Endocrinol , vol.286
    • Rubino, T.1    Parolaro, D.2
  • 199
    • 0034697046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term treatment with SR141716A, the CB1 receptor antagonist, influences morphine withdrawal syndrome
    • Rubino T., Massi P., Vigano D., Fuzio D., Parolaro D. Long-term treatment with SR141716A, the CB1 receptor antagonist, influences morphine withdrawal syndrome. Life Sci 2000, 66:2213-2219.
    • (2000) Life Sci , vol.66 , pp. 2213-2219
    • Rubino, T.1    Massi, P.2    Vigano, D.3    Fuzio, D.4    Parolaro, D.5
  • 200
    • 0035807990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CB1-cannabinoid and mu-opioid receptor co-localization on postsynaptic target in the rat dorsal horn
    • Salio C., Fischer J., Franzoni M.F., Mackie K., Kaneko T., Conrath M. CB1-cannabinoid and mu-opioid receptor co-localization on postsynaptic target in the rat dorsal horn. NeuroReport 2001, 12:3689-3692.
    • (2001) NeuroReport , vol.12 , pp. 3689-3692
    • Salio, C.1    Fischer, J.2    Franzoni, M.F.3    Mackie, K.4    Kaneko, T.5    Conrath, M.6
  • 201
    • 0033964501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of acute restraint stress on tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA expression in locus coeruleus of Wistar and Wistar-Kyoto rats
    • Sands S.A., Strong R., Corbitt J., Morilak D.A. Effects of acute restraint stress on tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA expression in locus coeruleus of Wistar and Wistar-Kyoto rats. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 2000, 75:1-7.
    • (2000) Brain Res Mol Brain Res , vol.75 , pp. 1-7
    • Sands, S.A.1    Strong, R.2    Corbitt, J.3    Morilak, D.A.4
  • 202
    • 60549092240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The locus coeruleus and noradrenergic modulation of cognition
    • Sara S.J. The locus coeruleus and noradrenergic modulation of cognition. Nat Rev Neurosci 2009, 10:211-223.
    • (2009) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.10 , pp. 211-223
    • Sara, S.J.1
  • 205
    • 65549119356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mu-opioid receptor redistribution in the locus coeruleus upon precipitation of withdrawal in opiate-dependent rats
    • Scavone J.L., Van Bockstaele E.J. Mu-opioid receptor redistribution in the locus coeruleus upon precipitation of withdrawal in opiate-dependent rats. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2009, 292:401-411.
    • (2009) Anat Rec (Hoboken) , vol.292 , pp. 401-411
    • Scavone, J.L.1    Van Bockstaele, E.J.2
  • 206
    • 73649118803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of cannabinoid-1 receptors in the locus coeruleus: relationship with mu-opioid receptors
    • Scavone J.L., Mackie K., Van Bockstaele E.J. Characterization of cannabinoid-1 receptors in the locus coeruleus: relationship with mu-opioid receptors. Brain Res 2010, 1312:18-31.
    • (2010) Brain Res , vol.1312 , pp. 18-31
    • Scavone, J.L.1    Mackie, K.2    Van Bockstaele, E.J.3
  • 207
    • 84879503414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of cannabis use during stabilization on methadone maintenance treatment
    • in press
    • Scavone JL, Sterling R, Weinstein SP, Van Bockstaele E (2013) Impact of cannabis use during stabilization on methadone maintenance treatment. Am J Addict, in press, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1521-0391.2012.12044.x.
    • (2013) Am J Addict
    • Scavone, J.L.1    Sterling, R.2    Weinstein, S.P.3    Van Bockstaele, E.4
  • 208
    • 33748160553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between CB1 cannabinoid and mu opioid receptors mediating inhibition of neurotransmitter release in rat nucleus accumbens core
    • Schoffelmeer A.N., Hogenboom F., Wardeh G., De Vries T.J. Interactions between CB1 cannabinoid and mu opioid receptors mediating inhibition of neurotransmitter release in rat nucleus accumbens core. Neuropharmacology 2006, 51:773-781.
    • (2006) Neuropharmacology , vol.51 , pp. 773-781
    • Schoffelmeer, A.N.1    Hogenboom, F.2    Wardeh, G.3    De Vries, T.J.4
  • 209
    • 76849104066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed increase of brain noradrenaline after acute footshock stress in rats
    • Shinba T., Ozawa N., Yoshii M., Yamamoto K. Delayed increase of brain noradrenaline after acute footshock stress in rats. Neurochem Res 2010, 35:412-417.
    • (2010) Neurochem Res , vol.35 , pp. 412-417
    • Shinba, T.1    Ozawa, N.2    Yoshii, M.3    Yamamoto, K.4
  • 210
    • 9644275522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of morphine-induced Fos-immunoreactivity by the cannabinoid receptor antagonist SR 141716
    • Singh M.E., Verty A.N., Price I., McGregor I.S., Mallet P.E. Modulation of morphine-induced Fos-immunoreactivity by the cannabinoid receptor antagonist SR 141716. Neuropharmacology 2004, 47:1157-1169.
    • (2004) Neuropharmacology , vol.47 , pp. 1157-1169
    • Singh, M.E.1    Verty, A.N.2    Price, I.3    McGregor, I.S.4    Mallet, P.E.5
  • 211
    • 34548483418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low dose combination of morphine and delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol circumvents antinociceptive tolerance and apparent desensitization of receptors
    • Smith P.A., Selley D.E., Sim-Selley L.J., Welch S.P. Low dose combination of morphine and delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol circumvents antinociceptive tolerance and apparent desensitization of receptors. Eur J Pharmacol 2007, 571:129-137.
    • (2007) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.571 , pp. 129-137
    • Smith, P.A.1    Selley, D.E.2    Sim-Selley, L.J.3    Welch, S.P.4
  • 212
    • 2942666214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) increases subsequent heroin taking but not heroin's reinforcing efficacy: a self-administration study in rats
    • Solinas M., Panlilio L.V., Goldberg S.R. Exposure to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) increases subsequent heroin taking but not heroin's reinforcing efficacy: a self-administration study in rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 2004, 29:1301-1311.
    • (2004) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.29 , pp. 1301-1311
    • Solinas, M.1    Panlilio, L.V.2    Goldberg, S.R.3
  • 214
    • 47549095647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the endocannabinoid system in regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis
    • Steiner M.A., Wotjak C.T. Role of the endocannabinoid system in regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis. Prog Brain Res 2008, 170:397-432.
    • (2008) Prog Brain Res , vol.170 , pp. 397-432
    • Steiner, M.A.1    Wotjak, C.T.2
  • 215
    • 49049111067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conditional cannabinoid receptor type 1 mutants reveal neuron subpopulation-specific effects on behavioral and neuroendocrine stress responses
    • Steiner M.A., Marsicano G., Wotjak C.T., Lutz B. Conditional cannabinoid receptor type 1 mutants reveal neuron subpopulation-specific effects on behavioral and neuroendocrine stress responses. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2008, 33:1165-1170.
    • (2008) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.33 , pp. 1165-1170
    • Steiner, M.A.1    Marsicano, G.2    Wotjak, C.T.3    Lutz, B.4
  • 216
    • 0030870722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A second endogenous cannabinoid that modulates long-term potentiation
    • Stella N., Schweitzer P., Piomelli D. A second endogenous cannabinoid that modulates long-term potentiation. Nature 1997, 388:773-778.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.388 , pp. 773-778
    • Stella, N.1    Schweitzer, P.2    Piomelli, D.3
  • 217
    • 0027242098 scopus 로고
    • Autonomic areas of rat brain exhibit increased Fos-like immunoreactivity during opiate withdrawal in rats
    • Stornetta R.L., Norton F.E., Guyenet P.G. Autonomic areas of rat brain exhibit increased Fos-like immunoreactivity during opiate withdrawal in rats. Brain Res 1993, 624:19-28.
    • (1993) Brain Res , vol.624 , pp. 19-28
    • Stornetta, R.L.1    Norton, F.E.2    Guyenet, P.G.3
  • 218
    • 0032735652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lofexidine for opiate detoxification: review of recent randomised and open controlled trials
    • Strang J., Bearn J., Gossop M. Lofexidine for opiate detoxification: review of recent randomised and open controlled trials. Am J Addict 1999, 8:337-348.
    • (1999) Am J Addict , vol.8 , pp. 337-348
    • Strang, J.1    Bearn, J.2    Gossop, M.3
  • 219
    • 70349868385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic burden of prescription opioid misuse and abuse
    • Strassels S.A. Economic burden of prescription opioid misuse and abuse. J Manag Care Pharm 2009, 15:556-562.
    • (2009) J Manag Care Pharm , vol.15 , pp. 556-562
    • Strassels, S.A.1
  • 222
    • 18844419446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of cannabinoids on neurotransmission
    • Szabo B., Schlicker E. Effects of cannabinoids on neurotransmission. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2005, 327-365.
    • (2005) Handb Exp Pharmacol , pp. 327-365
    • Szabo, B.1    Schlicker, E.2
  • 223
    • 0023687711 scopus 로고
    • Clonidine infusions into the locus coeruleus attenuate behavioral and neurochemical changes associated with naloxone-precipitated withdrawal
    • Taylor J.R., Elsworth J.D., Garcia E.J., Grant S.J., Roth R.H., Redmond D.E. Clonidine infusions into the locus coeruleus attenuate behavioral and neurochemical changes associated with naloxone-precipitated withdrawal. Psychopharmacology 1988, 96:121-134.
    • (1988) Psychopharmacology , vol.96 , pp. 121-134
    • Taylor, J.R.1    Elsworth, J.D.2    Garcia, E.J.3    Grant, S.J.4    Roth, R.H.5    Redmond, D.E.6
  • 224
    • 0344894238 scopus 로고
    • Neuroanatomical patterns of the mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors of rat brain as determined by quantitative in vitro autoradiography
    • Tempel A., Zukin R.S. Neuroanatomical patterns of the mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors of rat brain as determined by quantitative in vitro autoradiography. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1987, 84:4308-4312.
    • (1987) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.84 , pp. 4308-4312
    • Tempel, A.1    Zukin, R.S.2
  • 225
    • 1242276192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roles of G-protein-coupled receptor dimerization
    • Terrillon S., Bouvier M. Roles of G-protein-coupled receptor dimerization. EMBO Rep 2004, 5:30-34.
    • (2004) EMBO Rep , vol.5 , pp. 30-34
    • Terrillon, S.1    Bouvier, M.2
  • 226
    • 17144401168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic and additive interactions of the cannabinoid agonist CP55,940 with mu opioid receptor and alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists in acute pain models in mice
    • Tham S.M., Angus J.A., Tudor E.M., Wright C.E. Synergistic and additive interactions of the cannabinoid agonist CP55,940 with mu opioid receptor and alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists in acute pain models in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2005, 144:875-884.
    • (2005) Br J Pharmacol , vol.144 , pp. 875-884
    • Tham, S.M.1    Angus, J.A.2    Tudor, E.M.3    Wright, C.E.4
  • 227
    • 77950846639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addiction and pain: cannabinoid and opioid interactions
    • Tucci S. Addiction and pain: cannabinoid and opioid interactions. Curr Drug Targets 2010, 11:392.
    • (2010) Curr Drug Targets , vol.11 , pp. 392
    • Tucci, S.1
  • 228
    • 0001920634 scopus 로고
    • Physiological and anatomical determinants of locus coeruleus discharge: behavioral and clinical implications
    • Bloom F, Kupfer D (editors), Psychopharmacology: Fourth Generation of Progress. Raven Press, New York
    • Valentino, R.J., Aston-Jones, G (1995) Physiological and anatomical determinants of locus coeruleus discharge: behavioral and clinical implications. In: Bloom F, Kupfer D (editors), Psychopharmacology: Fourth Generation of Progress. Raven Press, New York; p. 373-386.
    • (1995) , pp. 373-386
    • Valentino, R.J.1    Aston-Jones, G.2
  • 229
    • 0020606252 scopus 로고
    • Corticotropin-releasing factor activates noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus
    • Valentino R.J., Foote S.L., Aston-Jones G. Corticotropin-releasing factor activates noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus. Brain Res 1983, 270:363-367.
    • (1983) Brain Res , vol.270 , pp. 363-367
    • Valentino, R.J.1    Foote, S.L.2    Aston-Jones, G.3
  • 230
    • 0027716959 scopus 로고
    • The locus coeruleus as a site for integrating corticotropin-releasing factor and noradrenergic mediation of stress responses
    • Valentino R.J., Foote S.L., Page M.E. The locus coeruleus as a site for integrating corticotropin-releasing factor and noradrenergic mediation of stress responses. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1993, 697:173-188.
    • (1993) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.697 , pp. 173-188
    • Valentino, R.J.1    Foote, S.L.2    Page, M.E.3
  • 231
    • 0343663227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of the locus ceruleus brain noradrenergic system during stress: circuitry, consequences, and regulation
    • Valentino R.J., Curtis A.L., Page M.E., Pavcovich L.A., Florin-Lechner S.M. Activation of the locus ceruleus brain noradrenergic system during stress: circuitry, consequences, and regulation. Adv Pharmacol 1998, 42:781-784.
    • (1998) Adv Pharmacol , vol.42 , pp. 781-784
    • Valentino, R.J.1    Curtis, A.L.2    Page, M.E.3    Pavcovich, L.A.4    Florin-Lechner, S.M.5
  • 232
    • 0034744088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol releases and facilitates the effects of endogenous enkephalins: reduction in morphine withdrawal syndrome without change in rewarding effect
    • Valverde O., Noble F., Beslot F., Dauge V., Fournie-Zaluski M.C., Roques B.P. Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol releases and facilitates the effects of endogenous enkephalins: reduction in morphine withdrawal syndrome without change in rewarding effect. Eur J Neurosci 2001, 13:1816-1824.
    • (2001) Eur J Neurosci , vol.13 , pp. 1816-1824
    • Valverde, O.1    Noble, F.2    Beslot, F.3    Dauge, V.4    Fournie-Zaluski, M.C.5    Roques, B.P.6
  • 233
    • 0035910155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internalization of mu-opioid receptors produced by etorphine in the rat locus coeruleus
    • Van Bockstaele E.J., Commons K.G. Internalization of mu-opioid receptors produced by etorphine in the rat locus coeruleus. Neuroscience 2001, 108:467-477.
    • (2001) Neuroscience , vol.108 , pp. 467-477
    • Van Bockstaele, E.J.1    Commons, K.G.2
  • 234
    • 0029782628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructural evidence for prominent distribution of the mu-opioid receptor at extrasynaptic sites on noradrenergic dendrites in the rat nucleus locus coeruleus
    • Van Bockstaele E.J., Colago E.E., Cheng P., Moriwaki A., Uhl G.R., Pickel V.M. Ultrastructural evidence for prominent distribution of the mu-opioid receptor at extrasynaptic sites on noradrenergic dendrites in the rat nucleus locus coeruleus. J Neurosci 1996, 16:5037-5048.
    • (1996) J Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 5037-5048
    • Van Bockstaele, E.J.1    Colago, E.E.2    Cheng, P.3    Moriwaki, A.4    Uhl, G.R.5    Pickel, V.M.6
  • 235
    • 0029808868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mu-opioid receptor is located on the plasma membrane of dendrites that receive asymmetric synapses from axon terminals containing leucine-enkephalin in the rat nucleus locus coeruleus
    • Van Bockstaele E.J., Colago E.E., Moriwaki A., Uhl G.R. Mu-opioid receptor is located on the plasma membrane of dendrites that receive asymmetric synapses from axon terminals containing leucine-enkephalin in the rat nucleus locus coeruleus. J Comp Neurol 1996, 376:65-74.
    • (1996) J Comp Neurol , vol.376 , pp. 65-74
    • Van Bockstaele, E.J.1    Colago, E.E.2    Moriwaki, A.3    Uhl, G.R.4
  • 236
    • 0030777508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delta-opioid receptor is present in presynaptic axon terminals in the rat nucleus locus coeruleus: relationships with methionine5-enkephalin
    • Van Bockstaele E.J., Commons K., Pickel V.M. Delta-opioid receptor is present in presynaptic axon terminals in the rat nucleus locus coeruleus: relationships with methionine5-enkephalin. J Comp Neurol 1997, 388:575-586.
    • (1997) J Comp Neurol , vol.388 , pp. 575-586
    • Van Bockstaele, E.J.1    Commons, K.2    Pickel, V.M.3
  • 237
    • 0034551765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreases in endogenous opioid peptides in the rat medullo-coerulear pathway after chronic morphine treatment
    • Van Bockstaele E.J., Peoples J., Menko A.S., McHugh K., Drolet G. Decreases in endogenous opioid peptides in the rat medullo-coerulear pathway after chronic morphine treatment. J Neurosci 2000, 20:8659-8666.
    • (2000) J Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 8659-8666
    • Van Bockstaele, E.J.1    Peoples, J.2    Menko, A.S.3    McHugh, K.4    Drolet, G.5
  • 238
    • 0034756369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroadaptive responses in brainstem noradrenergic nuclei following chronic morphine exposure
    • Van Bockstaele E.J., Menko A.S., Drolet G. Neuroadaptive responses in brainstem noradrenergic nuclei following chronic morphine exposure. Mol Neurobiol 2001, 23:155-171.
    • (2001) Mol Neurobiol , vol.23 , pp. 155-171
    • Van Bockstaele, E.J.1    Menko, A.S.2    Drolet, G.3
  • 239
    • 42949127589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low dose naltrexone administration in morphine dependent rats attenuates withdrawal-induced norepinephrine efflux in forebrain
    • Van Bockstaele E.J., Qian Y., Sterling R.C., Page M.E. Low dose naltrexone administration in morphine dependent rats attenuates withdrawal-induced norepinephrine efflux in forebrain. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2008, 32:1048-1056.
    • (2008) Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry , vol.32 , pp. 1048-1056
    • Van Bockstaele, E.J.1    Qian, Y.2    Sterling, R.C.3    Page, M.E.4
  • 240
    • 75149153665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The locus coeruleus: a key nucleus where stress and opioids intersect to mediate vulnerability to opiate abuse
    • Van Bockstaele E.J., Reyes B.A., Valentino R.J. The locus coeruleus: a key nucleus where stress and opioids intersect to mediate vulnerability to opiate abuse. Brain Res 2010, 1314:162-174.
    • (2010) Brain Res , vol.1314 , pp. 162-174
    • Van Bockstaele, E.J.1    Reyes, B.A.2    Valentino, R.J.3
  • 241
    • 0029048756 scopus 로고
    • Anandamide decreases naloxone-precipitated withdrawal signs in mice chronically treated with morphine
    • Vela G., Ruiz-Gayo M., Fuentes J.A. Anandamide decreases naloxone-precipitated withdrawal signs in mice chronically treated with morphine. Neuropharmacology 1995, 34:665-668.
    • (1995) Neuropharmacology , vol.34 , pp. 665-668
    • Vela, G.1    Ruiz-Gayo, M.2    Fuentes, J.A.3
  • 242
    • 8144228129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in endocannabinoid levels in a rat model of behavioural sensitization to morphine
    • Vigano D., Valenti M., Cascio M.G., Di Marzo V., Parolaro D., Rubino T. Changes in endocannabinoid levels in a rat model of behavioural sensitization to morphine. Eur J Neurosci 2004, 20:1849-1857.
    • (2004) Eur J Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 1849-1857
    • Vigano, D.1    Valenti, M.2    Cascio, M.G.3    Di Marzo, V.4    Parolaro, D.5    Rubino, T.6
  • 243
    • 20444399468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular and cellular basis of cannabinoid and opioid interactions
    • Vigano D., Rubino T., Parolaro D. Molecular and cellular basis of cannabinoid and opioid interactions. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2005, 81:360-368.
    • (2005) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.81 , pp. 360-368
    • Vigano, D.1    Rubino, T.2    Parolaro, D.3
  • 245
  • 246
    • 34250358317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • There and back again: a tale of norepinephrine and drug addiction
    • Weinshenker D., Schroeder J.P. There and back again: a tale of norepinephrine and drug addiction. Neuropsychopharmacology 2007, 32:1433-1451.
    • (2007) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.32 , pp. 1433-1451
    • Weinshenker, D.1    Schroeder, J.P.2
  • 248
    • 1842423546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabis abuse is not a risk factor for treatment outcome in methadone maintenance treatment: a 1-year prospective study in an Israeli clinic
    • Weizman T., Gelkopf M., Melamed Y., Adelson M., Bleich A. Cannabis abuse is not a risk factor for treatment outcome in methadone maintenance treatment: a 1-year prospective study in an Israeli clinic. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2004, 38:42-46.
    • (2004) Aust N Z J Psychiatry , vol.38 , pp. 42-46
    • Weizman, T.1    Gelkopf, M.2    Melamed, Y.3    Adelson, M.4    Bleich, A.5
  • 249
    • 67651028391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of the cannabinoid and opioid systems in the modulation of nociception
    • Welch S.P. Interaction of the cannabinoid and opioid systems in the modulation of nociception. Int Rev Psychiatry 2009, 21:143-151.
    • (2009) Int Rev Psychiatry , vol.21 , pp. 143-151
    • Welch, S.P.1
  • 250
    • 0026639295 scopus 로고
    • Antinociceptive activity of intrathecally administered cannabinoids alone, and in combination with morphine, in mice
    • Welch S.P., Stevens D.L. Antinociceptive activity of intrathecally administered cannabinoids alone, and in combination with morphine, in mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1992, 262:10-18.
    • (1992) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.262 , pp. 10-18
    • Welch, S.P.1    Stevens, D.L.2
  • 251
    • 0041665111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical opiate withdrawal scale (COWS)
    • Wesson D.R., Ling W. The clinical opiate withdrawal scale (COWS). J Psychoactive Drugs 2003, 35:253-259.
    • (2003) J Psychoactive Drugs , vol.35 , pp. 253-259
    • Wesson, D.R.1    Ling, W.2
  • 252
    • 0027997104 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of expression of cAMP response element-binding protein in the locus coeruleus in vivo and in a locus coeruleus-like cell line in vitro
    • Widnell K.L., Russell D.S., Nestler E.J. Regulation of expression of cAMP response element-binding protein in the locus coeruleus in vivo and in a locus coeruleus-like cell line in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994, 91:10947-10951.
    • (1994) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.91 , pp. 10947-10951
    • Widnell, K.L.1    Russell, D.S.2    Nestler, E.J.3
  • 253
    • 0037177601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocannabinoid signaling in the brain
    • Wilson R.I., Nicoll R.A. Endocannabinoid signaling in the brain. Science 2002, 296:678-682.
    • (2002) Science , vol.296 , pp. 678-682
    • Wilson, R.I.1    Nicoll, R.A.2
  • 254
    • 26044473986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for cannabinoid CB1 receptors in mood and anxiety disorders
    • Witkin J.M., Tzavara E.T., Nomikos G.G. A role for cannabinoid CB1 receptors in mood and anxiety disorders. Behav Pharmacol 2005, 16:315-331.
    • (2005) Behav Pharmacol , vol.16 , pp. 315-331
    • Witkin, J.M.1    Tzavara, E.T.2    Nomikos, G.G.3
  • 256
    • 4644294044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic morphine sensitizes the brain norepinephrine system to corticotropin-releasing factor and stress
    • Xu G.P., Van Bockstaele E., Reyes B., Bethea T., Valentino R.J. Chronic morphine sensitizes the brain norepinephrine system to corticotropin-releasing factor and stress. J Neurosci 2004, 24:8193-8197.
    • (2004) J Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 8193-8197
    • Xu, G.P.1    Van Bockstaele, E.2    Reyes, B.3    Bethea, T.4    Valentino, R.J.5
  • 257
    • 0035800536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endogenous cannabinoid, 2-arachidonoylglycerol, attenuates naloxone-precipitated withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent mice
    • Yamaguchi T., Hagiwara Y., Tanaka H., Sugiura T., Waku K., Shoyama Y., Watanabe S., Yamamoto T. Endogenous cannabinoid, 2-arachidonoylglycerol, attenuates naloxone-precipitated withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent mice. Brain Res 2001, 909:121-126.
    • (2001) Brain Res , vol.909 , pp. 121-126
    • Yamaguchi, T.1    Hagiwara, Y.2    Tanaka, H.3    Sugiura, T.4    Waku, K.5    Shoyama, Y.6    Watanabe, S.7    Yamamoto, T.8


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.