Oligosaccharides might contribute to the antidiabetic effect of honey: A review of the literature

Molecules

Volumn 17, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 248-266

  Erejuwa, Omotayo O ^a   Sulaiman, Siti A ^a   Ab Wahab, Mohd S ^a  

^a SCHOOL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Malaysia)

Author keywords

Anti diabetic; Body weight; Food intake; Honey; Hypoglycemic; Microbiota; Oligosaccharides; Prebiotics

Indexed keywords

ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN; OLIGOSACCHARIDE; PANCREAS HORMONE;

ANIMAL; BODY WEIGHT; DIABETES MELLITUS; DRUG EFFECT; FOOD INTAKE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HONEY; HUMAN; INSULIN RESISTANCE; INTESTINE; LIPID METABOLISM; METABOLISM; METAGENOME; MICROBIOLOGY; PANCREAS; PHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW;

ANIMALS; APPETITE REGULATION; BLOOD GLUCOSE; BODY WEIGHT; DIABETES MELLITUS; HEMOGLOBIN A, GLYCOSYLATED; HONEY; HUMANS; HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS; INSULIN RESISTANCE; INTESTINES; LIPID METABOLISM; METAGENOME; OLIGOSACCHARIDES; PANCREAS; PANCREATIC HORMONES;

EID: 84856155874     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14203049     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/molecules17010248     Document Type: Review

References (133)

1. Sekirov, I.; Russell, S.L.; Antunes, L.C.; Finlay, B.B. Gut microbiota in health and disease. Physiol. Rev. 2010, 90, 859-904.
2. Delzenne, N.M.; Cani, P.D. Gut microflora is a key player in host energy homeostasis. Med. Sci. (Paris) 2008, 24, 505-510. (Pubitemid 351820701)
3. Greiner, T.; Backhed, F. Effects of the gut microbiota on obesity and glucose homeostasis. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 2011, 22, 117-123.
4. Neish, A.S. Microbes in gastrointestinal health and disease. Gastroenterology 2009, 136, 65-80.
5. Delzenne, N.M.; Neyrinck, A.M.; Backhed, F.; Cani, P.D. Targeting gut microbiota in obesity: Effects of prebiotics and probiotics. Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 2011, 7, 639-646.
6. Blaut, M. Relationship of prebiotics and food to intestinal microflora. Eur. J. Nutr. 2002, 41, 111-116.
7. Backhed, F. Programming of host metabolism by the gut microbiota. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 2011, 58, 44-52.
8. Kerckhoffs, A.P.M.; Samson, M.; van Berge Henegouwen, G.P.; Akkermans, L.M.A.; Nieuwenhuijs, V.B.; Visser, M.R. Sampling microbiota in the human gastrointestinal tract. In Gastrointestinal Microbiology, 1st ed.; Ouwehand, A.C., Vaughan, E.E., Eds.; Taylor & Francis Ltd: New York, NY, USA, 2006; pp. 25-50.
9. Kalliomaki, M.; Collado, M.C.; Salminen, S.; Isolauri, E. Early differences in fecal microbiota composition in children may predict overweight. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2008, 87, 534-538. (Pubitemid 351364532)
10. Hildebrandt, M.A.; Hoffmann, C.; Sherrill-Mix, S.A.; Keilbaugh, S.A.; Hamady, M.; Chen, Y.Y.; Knight, R.; Ahima, R.S.; Bushman, F.; Wu, G.D. High-fat diet determines the composition of the murine gut microbiome independently of obesity. Gastroenterology 2009, 137, 1716-1724.
11. Macfarlane, G.T.; Macfarlane, L.E. Acquisition, evolution and maintenance of the normal gut microbiota. Dig. Dis. 2009, 27 (Suppl. 1), 90-98.
12. Slack, E.; Hapfelmeier, S.; Stecher, B.; Velykoredko, Y.; Stoel, M.; Lawson, M.A.; Geuking, M.B.; Beutler, B.; Tedder, T.F.; Hardt, W.D.; et al. Innate and adaptive immunity cooperate flexibly to maintain host-microbiota mutualism. Science 2009, 325, 617-620.
13. Fleissner, C.K.; Huebel, N.; Abd El-Bary, M.M.; Loh, G.; Klaus, S.; Blaut, M. Absence of intestinal microbiota does not protect mice from diet-induced obesity. Br. J. Nutr. 2010, 104, 919-929.
14. Kovacs, A.; Ben-Jacob, N.; Tayem, H.; Halperin, E.; Iraqi, F.A.; Gophna, U. Genotype is a stronger determinant than sex of the mouse gut microbiota. Microb. Ecol. 2011, 61, 423-428.
15. Musso, G.; Gambino, R.; Cassader, M. Obesity, diabetes, and gut microbiota: The hygiene hypothesis expanded? Diabetes Care 2010, 33, 2277-2284.
16. Sanz, Y.; Santacruz, A.; Gauffin, P. Gut microbiota in obesity and metabolic disorders. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 2010, 69, 434-441.
17. Vijay-Kumar, M.; Aitken, J.D.; Carvalho, F.A.; Cullender, T.C.; Mwangi, S.; Srinivasan, S.; Sitaraman, S.V.; Knight, R.; Ley, R.E.; Gewirtz, A.T. Metabolic syndrome and altered gut microbiota in mice lacking Toll-like receptor 5. Science 2010, 328, 228-231.
18. Geurts, L.; Lazarevic, V.; Derrien, M.; Everard, A.; van Roye, M.; Knauf, C.; Valet, P.; Girard, M.; Muccioli, G.G.; Francois, P.; et al. Altered gut microbiota and endocannabinoid system tone in obese and diabetic leptin-resistant mice: Impact on apelin regulation in adipose tissue. Front. Microbiol. 2011, 2, doi:10.3389/fmicb.2011.00149.
19. Al-Waili, N.S. Natural honey lowers plasma glucose, C-reactive protein, homocysteine, and blood lipids in healthy, diabetic, and hyperlipidemic subjects: Comparison with dextrose and sucrose. J. Med. Food 2004, 7, 100-107. (Pubitemid 38445930)
20. Ahmad, A.; Azim, M.K.; Mesaik, M.A.; Khan, R.A. Natural honey modulates physiological glycemic response compared to simulated honey and D-glucose. J. Food Sci. 2008, 73, H165-H167.
21. Erejuwa, O.O.; Gurtu, S.; Sulaiman, S.A.; Ab Wahab, M.S.; Sirajudeen, K.N.S.; Salleh, M.S. Hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of honey supplementation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 2010, 80, 74-82.
22. Erejuwa, O.O.; Sulaiman, S.A.; Wahab, M.S.; Sirajudeen, K.N.S.; Salleh, M.S.; Gurtu, S., Glibenclamide or metformin combined with honey improves glycemic control in streptozotocininduced diabetic rats. Int. J. Biol. Sci. 2011, 7, 244-252.
23. Bogdanov, S.; Jurendic, T.; Sieber, R.; Gallmann, P. Honey for nutrition and health: A review. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 2008, 27, 677-689.
24. Astwood, K.; Lee, B.; Manley-Harris, M. Oligosaccharides in New Zealand honeydew honey. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1998, 46, 4958-4962. (Pubitemid 128488243)
25. Sanz, M.L.; Polemis, N.; Morales, V.; Corzo, N.; Drakoularakou, A.; Gibson, G.R.; Rastall, R.A. In vitro investigation into the potential prebiotic activity of honey oligosaccharides. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2005, 53, 2914-2921. (Pubitemid 40525252)
26. Megherbi, M.; Herbreteau, B.; Faure, R.; Salvador, A. Polysaccharides as a marker for detection of corn sugar syrup addition in honey. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2009, 57, 2105-11.
27. Delzenne, N.M. Oligosaccharides: State of the art. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 2003, 62, 177-182. (Pubitemid 36569825)
28. Gibson, G.R.; Probert, H.M.; Loo, J.V.; Rastall, R.A.; Roberfroid, M.B. Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: Updating the concept of prebiotics. Nutr. Res. Rev. 2004, 17, 259-275.
29. Gibson, G.R.; Roberfroid, M.B. Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: Introducing the concept of prebiotics. J. Nutr. 1995, 125, 1401-1412.
30. Gibson, G.R.; Scott, K.P.; Rastall, R.A.; Tuohy, K.M.; Hotchkiss, A.; Dubert-Ferrandon, A.; Gareau, M.; Murphy, E.F.; Saulnier, D.; Loh, G.; et al. Dietary prebiotics: Current status and new definition. J. Food Sci. Technol. 2010, 7, 1-19.
31. van Loo, J.; Franck, A.; Roberfroid, M. Functional food properties of non-digestible oligosaccharides. Br. J. Nutr. 1999, 82, 329.
32. van Loo, J.; Cummings, J.; Delzenne, N.; Englyst, H.; Franck, A.; Hopkins, M.; Kok, N.; Macfarlane, G.; Newton, D.; Quigley, M.; et al. Functional food properties of non-digestible oligosaccharides: A consensus report from the ENDO project (DGXII AIRII-CT94-1095). Br. J. Nutr. 1999, 81, 121-132. (Pubitemid 29103620)
33. Alvarez-Sala Walther, L.A.; Millan Nunez-Cortes, J.; de Oya Otero, M. The Mediterranean diet in Spain. Legend or reality? (II). Other elements in the Mediterranean diet: Vegetables and fruits, fish. Evolution of the diet and cardiovascular diseases in Spain in the last decades. Rev. Clin. Esp. 1996, 196, 636-646.
34. Dall'Agnol, R.; von Poser, G.L. The use of complex polysaccharides in the management of metabolic diseases: The case of Solanum lycocarpum fruits. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2000, 71, 337-341. (Pubitemid 30440688)
35. Feeney, M.J. Fruits and the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 2004, 31, S11-S13.
36. Heber, D. Vegetables, fruits and phytoestrogens in the prevention of diseases. J. Postgrad. Med. 2004, 50, 145-149. (Pubitemid 39069773)
37. Englyst, K.N.; Englyst, H.N., Carbohydrate bioavailability. Br. J. Nutr. 2005, 94, 1-11. (Pubitemid 41357803)
38. Cani, P.D.; Neyrinck, A.M.; Fava, F.; Knauf, C.; Burcelin, R.G.; Tuohy, K.M.; Gibson, G.R.; Delzenne, N.M. Selective increases of bifidobacteria in gut microflora improve high-fat-dietinduced diabetes in mice through a mechanism associated with endotoxaemia. Diabetologia 2007, 50, 2374-2383. (Pubitemid 47512397)
39. Backhed, F.; Ding, H.; Wang, T.; Hooper, L.V.; Koh, G.Y.; Nagy, A.; Semenkovich, C.F.; Gordon, J.I. The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2004, 101, 15718-15723. (Pubitemid 39473554)
40. Backhed, F.; Manchester, J.K.; Semenkovich, C.F.; Gordon, J.I. Mechanisms underlying the resistance to diet-induced obesity in germ-free mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2007, 104, 979-984. (Pubitemid 46154722)
41. Turnbaugh, P.J.; Backhed, F.; Fulton, L.; Gordon, J.I. Diet-induced obesity is linked to marked but reversible alterations in the mouse distal gut microbiome. Cell Host Microbe 2008, 3, 213-223. (Pubitemid 351494716)
42. Turnbaugh, P.J.; Ridaura, V.K.; Faith, J.J.; Rey, F.E.; Knight, R.; Gordon, J.I. The effect of diet on the human gut microbiome: A metagenomic analysis in humanized gnotobiotic mice. Sci. Transl. Med. 2009, 1, 6ra14.
43. Ley, R.E.; Backhed, F.; Turnbaugh, P.; Lozupone, C.A.; Knight, R.D.; Gordon, J.I. Obesity alters gut microbial ecology. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2005, 102, 11070-11075. (Pubitemid 41105994)
44. Turnbaugh, P.J.; Ley, R.E.; Mahowald, M.A.; Magrini, V.; Mardis, E.R.; Gordon, J.I. An obesity-Associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest. Nature 2006, 444, 1027-1031. (Pubitemid 46018515)
45. Jumpertz, R.; Le, D.S.; Turnbaugh, P.J.; Trinidad, C.; Bogardus, C.; Gordon, J.I.; Krakoff, J. Energy-balance studies reveal associations between gut microbes, caloric load, and nutrient absorption in humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2011, 94, 58-65.
46. Membrez, M.; Blancher, F.; Jaquet, M.; Bibiloni, R.; Cani, P.D.; Burcelin, R.G.; Corthesy, I.; Mace, K.; Chou, C.J. Gut microbiota modulation with norfloxacin and ampicillin enhances glucose tolerance in mice. FASEB J. 2008, 22, 2416-2426. (Pubitemid 351948659)
47. Cani, P.D.; Bibiloni, R.; Knauf, C.; Waget, A.; Neyrinck, A.M.; Delzenne, N.M.; Burcelin, R. Changes in gut microbiota control metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obesity and diabetes in mice. Diabetes 2008, 57, 1470-1481.
48. Dumas, M.E.; Barton, R.H.; Toye, A.; Cloarec, O.; Blancher, C.; Rothwell, A.; Fearnside, J.; Tatoud, R.; Blanc, V.; Lindon, J.C.; et al. Metabolic profiling reveals a contribution of gut microbiota to fatty liver phenotype in insulin-resistant mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2006, 103, 12511-12516. (Pubitemid 44267289)
49. Shi, H.; Kokoeva, M.V.; Inouye, K.; Tzameli, I.; Yin, H.; Flier, J.S. TLR4 links innate immunity and fatty acid-induced insulin resistance. J. Clin. Invest. 2006, 116, 3015-3025. (Pubitemid 44684486)
50. Turnbaugh, P.J.; Hamady, M.; Yatsunenko, T.; Cantarel, B.L.; Duncan, A.; Ley, R.E.; Sogin, M.L.; Jones, W.J.; Roe, B.A.; Affourtit, J.P.; et al. A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins. Nature 2009, 457, 480-484.
51. Wen, L.; Ley, R.E.; Volchkov, P.Y.; Stranges, P.B.; Avanesyan, L.; Stonebraker, A.C.; Hu, C.; Wong, F.S.; Szot, G.L.; Bluestone, J.A.; et al. Innate immunity and intestinal microbiota in the development of Type 1 diabetes. Nature 2008, 455, 1109-1113.
52. Wu, X.; Ma, C.; Han, L.; Nawaz, M.; Gao, F.; Zhang, X.; Yu, P.; Zhao, C.; Li, L.; Zhou, A.; et al. Molecular characterisation of the faecal microbiota in patients with type II diabetes. Curr. Microbiol. 2010, 61, 69-78.
53. Rabot, S.; Membrez, M.; Bruneau, A.; Gerard, P.; Harach, T.; Moser, M.; Raymond, F.; Mansourian, R.; Chou, C.J. Germ-free C57BL/6J mice are resistant to high-fat-diet-induced insulin resistance and have altered cholesterol metabolism. FASEB J. 2010, 24, 4948-4959.
54. Samuel, B.S.; Shaito, A.; Motoike, T.; Rey, F.E.; Backhed, F.; Manchester, J.K.; Hammer, R.E.; Williams, S.C.; Crowley, J.; Yanagisawa, M.; et al. Effects of the gut microbiota on host adiposity are modulated by the short-chain fatty-Acid binding G protein-coupled receptor, Gpr41. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2008, 105, 16767-16772.
55. Manning, T.S.; Gibson, G.R. Microbial-gut interactions in health and disease: Prebiotics. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol. 2004, 18, 287-298.
56. Miller, T.L.; Wolin, M.J. Pathways of acetate, propionate, and butyrate formation by the human fecal microbial flora. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1996, 62, 1589-1592. (Pubitemid 26143428)
57. Grizard, D.; Barthomeuf, C. Non-digestible oligosaccharides used as prebiotic agents: Mode of production and beneficial effects on animal and human health. Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 1999, 39, 563-588. (Pubitemid 30034842)
58. Swennen, K.; Courtin, C.M.; Delcour, J.A. Non-digestible oligosaccharides with prebiotic properties. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 2006, 46, 459-471. (Pubitemid 44180326)
59. Henrissat, B.; Bairoch, A. New families in the classification of glycosyl hydrolases based on amino acid sequence similarities. Biochem. J. 1993, 293, 781-788. (Pubitemid 23244564)
60. Bernalier, A.; Doré, J.; Durand, M. Biochemistry of Fermentation. In Colonic Microbiota, Nutrition and Health; Gibson, G.R., Roberfroid, M.B., Eds.; Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1999; pp. 37-53.
61. Sabater-Molina, M.; Larque, E.; Torrella, F.; Zamora, S. Dietary fructooligosaccharides and potential benefits on health. J. Physiol. Biochem. 2009, 65, 315-328.
62. Bouhnik, Y.; Flourie, B.; Riottot, M.; Bisetti, N.; Gailing, M.F.; Guibert, A.; Bornet, F.; Rambaud, J.C. Effects of fructo-oligosaccharides ingestion on fecal bifidobacteria and selected metabolic indexes of colon carcinogenesis in healthy humans. Nutr. Cancer 1996, 26, 21-29. (Pubitemid 26266728)
63. Bouhnik, Y.; Achour, L.; Paineau, D.; Riottot, M.; Attar, A.; Bornet, F. Four-week short chain fructo-oligosaccharides ingestion leads to increasing fecal bifidobacteria and cholesterol excretion in healthy elderly volunteers. Nutr. J. 2007, 6, doi:10.1186/475-2891-6-42.
64. Shen, J.; Zhang, B.; Wei, H.; Che, C.; Ding, D.; Hua, X.; Bucheli, P.; Wang, L.; Li, Y.; Pang, X.; et al. Assessment of the modulating effects of fructo-oligosaccharides on fecal microbiota using human flora-Associated piglets. Arch. Microbiol. 2010, 192, 959-968.
65. Yen, C.H.; Kuo, Y.W.; Tseng, Y.H.; Lee, M.C.; Chen, H.L. Beneficial effects of fructooligosaccharides supplementation on fecal bifidobacteria and index of peroxidation status in constipated nursing-home residents-A placebo-controlled, diet-controlled trial. Nutrition 2011, 27, 323-328.
66. Salminen, S.; Bouley, C.; Boutron-Ruault, M.C.; Cummings, J.H.; Franck, A.; Gibson, G.R.; Isolauri, E.; Moreau, M.C.; Roberfroid, M.; Rowland, I. Functional food science and gastrointestinal physiology and function. Br. J. Nutr. 1998, 80, S147-S171.
67. Bergman, E.N. Energy contributions of volatile fatty acids from the gastrointestinal tract in various species. Physiol. Rev. 1990, 70, 567-590. (Pubitemid 20140190)
68. Delzenne, N.M.; Kok, N.; Fiordaliso, M.F.; Debovser, D.M.; Goethals, F.M.; Roberfroid, M.B. Dietary fructooligosaccharides modify lipid metabolism in rats. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1993, 57 (Suppl.), 820S. (Pubitemid 23141217)
69. Morand, C.; Remesy, C.; Demigne, C. Fatty acids are potent modulators of lactate utilization in isolated hepatocytes from fed rats. Am. J. Physiol. 1993, 264, E816-E823. (Pubitemid 23156759)
70. Wang, Y.; Zeng, T.; Wang, S.E.; Wang, W.; Wang, Q.; Yu, H.X. Fructo-oligosaccharides enhance the mineral absorption and counteract the adverse effects of phytic acid in mice. Nutrition 2010, 26, 305-311.
71. Kok, N.N.; Morgan, L.M.; Williams, C.M.; Roberfroid, M.B.; Thissen, J.P.; Delzenne, N.M. Insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and insulin-like growth factor I as putative mediators of the hypolipidemic effect of oligofructose in rats. J. Nutr. 1998, 128, 1099-1103. (Pubitemid 28317672)
72. Busserolles, J.; Gueux, E.; Rock, E.; Demigne, C.; Mazur, A.; Rayssiguier, Y. Oligofructose protects against the hypertriglyceridemic and pro-oxidative effects of a high fructose diet in rats. J. Nutr. 2003, 133, 1903-1908. (Pubitemid 36666533)
73. Cani, P.D.; Daubioul, C.A.; Reusens, B.; Remacle, C.; Catillon, G.; Delzenne, N.M. Involvement of endogenous glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36) amide on glycaemia-lowering effect of oligofructose in streptozotocin-treated rats. J. Endocrinol. 2005, 185, 457-465. (Pubitemid 40883391)
74. Delmee, E.; Cani, P.D.; Gual, G.; Knauf, C.; Burcelin, R.; Maton, N.; Delzenne, N.M. Relation between colonic proglucagon expression and metabolic response to oligofructose in high fat diet-fed mice. Life Sci. 2006, 79, 1007-1013. (Pubitemid 44081791)
75. Byung-Sung, P. Effect of oral administration of Jerusalem artichoke inulin on reducing blood lipid and glucose in STZ-induced diabetic rats. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 2011, 10, 2501-2507.
76. Cani, P.D.; Knauf, C.; Iglesias, M.A.; Drucker, D.J.; Delzenne, N.M.; Burcelin, R. Improvement of glucose tolerance and hepatic insulin sensitivity by oligofructose requires a functional glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor. Diabetes 2006, 55, 1484-1490. (Pubitemid 44195391)
77. Delzenne, N.M.; Cani, P.D.; Neyrinck, A.M. Modulation of glucagon-like peptide 1 and energy metabolism by inulin and oligofructose: Axperimental data. J. Nutr. 2007, 137, 2547S-2551S. (Pubitemid 350058733)
78. Cani, P.D.; Possemiers, S.; van de Wiele, T.; Guiot, Y.; Everard, A.; Rottier, O.; Geurts, L.; Naslain, D.; Neyrinck, A.; Lambert, D.M.; et al. Changes in gut microbiota control inflammation in obese mice through a mechanism involving GLP-2-driven improvement of gut permeability. Gut 2009, 58, 1091-1103.
79. Cani, P.D.; Lecourt, E.; Dewulf, E.M.; Sohet, F.M.; Pachikian, B.D.; Naslain, D.; de Backer, F.; Neyrinck, A.M.; Delzenne, N.M. Gut microbiota fermentation of prebiotics increases satietogenic and incretin gut peptide production with consequences for appetite sensation and glucose response after a meal. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2009, 90, 1236-1243.
80. Parnell, J.A.; Reimer, R.A. Weight loss during oligofructose supplementation is associated with decreased ghrelin and increased peptide YY in overweight and obese adults. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2009, 89, 1751-1759.
81. Sasaki, M.; Joh, T.; Koikeda, S.; Kataoka, H.; Tanida, S.; Oshima, T.; Ogasawara, N.; Ohara, H.; Nakao, H.; Kamiya, T. A novel strategy in production of oligosaccharides in digestive tract: Prevention of Postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr. 2007, 41, 191-196 (Pubitemid 350221827)
82. Garcia, A.L.; Otto, B.; Reich, S.C.; Weickert, M.O.; Steiniger, J.; Machowetz, A.; Rudovich, N.N.; Mohlig, M.; Katz, N.; Speth, M.; et al. Arabinoxylan consumption decreases postprandial serum glucose, serum insulin and plasma total ghrelin response in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 2007, 61, 334-341. (Pubitemid 46358772)
83. Yamashita, K.; Itakura, M.; Kawai, K. Effects of fructo-oligosaccharides on blood glucose and serum lipids in diabetics subjects. Nutr. Res. 1984, 4, 961-966. (Pubitemid 15177328)
84. Lu, Z.X.; Walker, K.Z.; Muir, J.G.; O'Dea, K. Arabinoxylan fibre improves metabolic control in people with Type II diabetes. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 2004, 58, 621-628. (Pubitemid 38500132)
85. Cicek, B.; Arslan, P.; Kelestimur, F. The effects oligofructose and polydextrose on metabolic control parameters in Type-2 diabetes. Pak. J. Med. Sci. 2009, 25, 573-578.
86. Luo, J.; Rizkalla, S.W.; Alamowitch, C.; Boussairi, A.; Blayo, A.; Barry, J.L.; Laffitte, A.; Guyon, F.; Bornet, F.R.; Slama, G. Chronic consumption of short-chain fructooligosaccharides by healthy subjects decreased basal hepatic glucose production but had no effect on insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1996, 63, 939-945. (Pubitemid 26172384)
87. Luo, J.; van Yperselle, M.; Rizkalla, S.W.; Rossi, F.; Bornet, F.R.; Slama, G. Chronic consumption of short-chain fructooligosaccharides does not affect basal hepatic glucose production or insulin resistance in type 2 diabetics. J. Nutr. 2000, 130, 1572-1577. (Pubitemid 30340705)
88. Alles, M.S.; de Roos, N.M.; Bakx, J.C.; van de Lisdonk, E.; Zock, P.L.; Hautvast, G.A. Consumption of fructooligosaccharides does not favorably affect blood glucose and serum lipid concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1999, 69, 64-69. (Pubitemid 29031252)
89. Causey, J.L.; Feirtag, J.M.; Gallagher, D.D.; Tungland, B.C.; Slavin, J.L. Effects of dietary inulin on serum lipids, blood glucose, and the gastrointestinal environment in hypercholesterolemic men. Nutr. Res. 2000, 20, 191-201 (Pubitemid 30084523)
90. Jackson, K.G.; Taylor, G.R.; Clohessy, A.M.; Williams, C.M. The effect of the daily intake of inulin on fasting lipid, insulin and glucose concentrations in middle-Aged men and women. Br. J. Nutr. 1999, 82, 23-30. (Pubitemid 29377972)
91. Giacco, R.; Clemente, G.; Luongo, D.; Lasorella, G.; Fiume, I.; Brouns, F.; Bornet, F.; Patti, L.; Cipriano, P.; Rivellese, A.A.; et al. Effects of short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides on glucose and lipid metabolism in mild hypercholesterolaemic individuals. Clin. Nutr. 2004, 23, 331-340. (Pubitemid 38811670)
92. Steinert, R.E.; Gerspach, A.C.; Gutmann, H.; Asarian, L.; Drewe, J.; Beglinger, C. The functional involvement of gut-expressed sweet taste receptors in glucose-stimulated secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY [133]. Clin. Nutr. 2011, 30, 524-532.
93. Deane, A.M.; Chapman, M.J.; Fraser, R.J.; Summers, M.J.; Zaknic, A.V.; Storey, J.P.; Jones, K.L.; Rayner, C.K.; Horowitz, M. Effects of exogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 on gastric emptying and glucose absorption in the critically ill: Relationship to glycemia. Crit. Care Med. 2010, 38, 1261-1269.
94. Witte, A.B.; Gryback, P.; Jacobsson, H.; Naslund, E.; Hellstrom, P.M.; Holst, J.J.; Hilsted, L.; Schmidt, P.T. Involvement of endogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 in regulation of gastric motility and pancreatic endocrine secretion. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 2011, 46, 428-435.
95. Hare, K.J.; Vilsboll, T.; Asmar, M.; Deacon, C.F.; Knop, F.K.; Holst, J.J. The glucagonostatic and insulinotropic effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 contribute equally to its glucose-lowering action. Diabetes 2010, 59, 1765-1770.
96. Cani, P.D.; Dewever, C.; Delzenne, N.M. Inulin-type fructans modulate gastrointestinal peptides involved in appetite regulation (glucagon-like peptide-1 and ghrelin) in rats. Br. J. Nutr. 2004, 92, 521-526. (Pubitemid 40277074)
97. Cani, P.D.; Neyrinck, A.M.; Maton, N.; Delzenne, N.M. Oligofructose promotes satiety in rats fed a high-fat diet: Involvement of glucagon-like Peptide-1. Obes. Res. 2005, 13, 1000-1007.
98. Cani, P.D.; Hoste, S.; Guiot, Y.; Delzenne, N.M. Dietary non-digestible carbohydrates promote L-cell differentiation in the proximal colon of rats. Br. J. Nutr. 2007, 98, 32-37. (Pubitemid 47272144)
99. Zhou, J.; Martin, R.J.; Tulley, R.T.; Raggio, A.M.; McCutcheon, K.L.; Shen, L.; Danna, S.C.; Tripathy, S.; Hegsted, M.; Keenan, M.J. Dietary resistant starch upregulates total GLP-1 and PYY in a sustained day-long manner through fermentation in rodents. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 2008, 295, E1160-E1166.
100. Piche, T.; des Varannes, S.B.; Sacher-Huvelin, S.; Holst, J.J.; Cuber, J.C.; Galmiche, J.P. Colonic fermentation influences lower esophageal sphincter function in gastroesophageal reflux disease. Gastroenterology 2003, 124, 894-902. (Pubitemid 36389791)
101. Fiordaliso, M.; Kok, N.; Desager, J.P.; Goethals, F.; Deboyser, D.; Roberfroid, M.; Delzenne, N. Dietary oligofructose lowers triglycerides, phospholipids and cholesterol in serum and very low density lipoproteins of rats. Lipids 1995, 30, 163-167.
102. Tokunaga, T.; Oku, T.; Hosoya, N. Influence of chronic intake of new sweetener fructooligosaccharide (Neosugar) on growth and gastrointestinal function of the rat. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 1986, 32, 111-121. (Pubitemid 16102264)
103. Agheli, N.; Kabir, M.; Berni-Canani, S.; Petitjean, E.; Boussairi, A.; Luo, J.; Bornet, F.; Slama, G.; Rizkalla, S.W. Plasma lipids and fatty acid synthase activity are regulated by short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides in sucrose-fed insulin-resistant rats. J. Nutr. 1998, 128, 1283-1288. (Pubitemid 28361418)
104. Daubioul, C.A.; Taper, H.S.; De Wispelaere, L.D.; Delzenne, N.M. Dietary oligofructose lessens hepatic steatosis, but does not prevent hypertriglyceridemia in obese zucker rats. J. Nutr. 2000, 130, 1314-1319. (Pubitemid 30233286)
105. Kok, N.N.; Taper, H.S.; Delzenne, N.M. Oligofructose modulates lipid metabolism alterations induced by a fat-rich diet in rats. J. Appl. Toxicol. 1998, 18, 47-53. (Pubitemid 28101518)
106. Delzenne, N.M.; Kok, N. Effects of fructans-type prebiotics on lipid metabolism. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2001, 73, 456S-458S. (Pubitemid 32113270)
107. Delzenne, N.M.; Daubioul, C.; Neyrinck, A.; Lasa, M.; Taper, H.S. Inulin and oligofructose modulate lipid metabolism in animals: Review of biochemical events and future prospects. Br. J. Nutr. 2002, 87, S255-S259. (Pubitemid 34685562)
108. Dewulf, E.M.; Cani, P.D.; Neyrinck, A.M.; Possemiers, S.; van Holle, A.; Muccioli, G.G.; Deldicque, L.; Bindels, L.B.; Pachikian, B.D.; Sohet, F.M.; et al. Inulin-type fructans with prebiotic properties counteract GPR43 overexpression and PPARgamma-related adipogenesis in the white adipose tissue of high-fat diet-fed mice. J. Nutr. Biochem. 2011, 22, 712-722.
109. Neyrinck, A.M.; Alexiou, H.; Delzenne, N.M. Kupffer cell activity is involved in the hepatoprotective effect of dietary oligofructose in rats with endotoxic shock. J. Nutr. 2004, 134, 1124-1129. (Pubitemid 38619950)
110. Davidson, M.H.; Maki, K.C. Effects of dietary inulin on serum lipids. J. Nutr. 1999, 129, 1474S-1477S. (Pubitemid 29302783)
111. Causey, J.; Feirtag, J.; Gallagher, D.; Tingland, B.; Slavin, J. Effects of dietary inulin on serum lipids, blood glucose and the gastrointestinal environment in hypercholesterolemic men. Nutr. Res. 2000, 20, 191-201. (Pubitemid 30084523)
112. Canzi, E.; Brighenti, F.B.; Casiraghi, M.C.; Del Puppo, E.; Ferrari, A. Prolonged consumption of inulin in ready-to-eat breakfast cereals: Effects on intestinal ecosystem, bowel habits and lipid metabolism. In COST 92 Workshop. Dietary Fibre and Fermentation in the Colon; Office for Official Publications of Tile European Communities: Luxembourg, 1992; pp. 280-284.
113. Cani, P.D.; Joly, E.; Horsmans, Y.; Delzenne, N.M. Oligofructose promotes satiety in healthy human: A pilot study. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 2006, 60, 567-572. (Pubitemid 43922875)
114. Overton, P.D.; Furlonger, N.; Beety, J.M.; Chakraborty, J.; Tredger, J.A.; Morgan, L.M. The effects of dietary sugar-beet fibre and guar gum on lipid metabolism in Wistar rats. Br. J. Nutr. 1994, 72, 385-395. (Pubitemid 24293469)
115. Kajiwara, S.; Gandhi, H.; Ustunol, Z. Effect of honey on the growth of and acid production by human intestinal Bifidobacterium spp.: An in vitro comparison with commercial oligosaccharides and inulin. J. Food Prot. 2002, 65, 214-218. (Pubitemid 34108184)
116. Ezz El-Arab, A.M.; Girgis, S.M.; Hegazy, E.M.; Abd El-Khalek, A.B. Effect of dietary honey on intestinal microflora and toxicity of mycotoxins in mice. BMC Complement. Altern. Med. 2006, 6, doi:10.1186/1472-6882-6-6.
117. Varga, L. Effect of acacia (Robinia pseudo-Acacia L.) honey on the characteristic microflora of yogurt during refrigerated storage. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2006, 108, 272-275.
118. Samanta, A.; Burden, A.C.; Jones, G.R. Plasma glucose responses to glucose, sucrose, and honey in patients with diabetes mellitus: An analysis of glycaemic and peak incremental indices. Diabet. Med. 1985, 2, 371-373. (Pubitemid 16202654)
119. Agrawal, O.P.; Pachauri, A.; Yadav, H.; Urmila, J.; Goswamy, H.M.; Chapperwal, A.; Bisen, P.S.; Prasad, G.B. Subjects with impaired glucose tolerance exhibit a high degree of tolerance to honey. J. Med. Food 2007, 10, 473-478. (Pubitemid 47493494)
120. Fasanmade, A.A.; Alabi, O.T. Differential effect of honey on selected variables in alloxaninduced and fructose-induced diabetic rats. Afr. J. Biomed. Res. 2008, 11, 191-196.
121. Erejuwa, O.O.; Sulaiman, S.A.; Wahab, M.S.; Salam, S.K.; Salleh, M.S.; Gurtu, S. Effects of Malaysian Tualang honey supplementation on glycemia, free radical scavenging enzymes and markers of oxidative stress in kidneys of normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int. J. Cardiol. 2009, 137, S45.
122. Erejuwa, O.O.; Sulaiman, S.A.; Wahab, M.S.; Salam, S.K.; Salleh, M.S.; Gurtu, S. Antioxidant protective effect of glibenclamide and metformin in combination with honey in pancreas of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2010, 11, 2056-2066.
123. Erejuwa, O.O.; Sulaiman, S.A.; Wahab, M.S.; Salam, S.K.; Salleh, M.S.; Gurtu, S. Effect of Glibenclamide alone versus Glibenclamide and Honey on Oxidative Stress in Pancreas of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Int. J. Appl. Res. Nat. Prod. 2011, 4, 1-10.
124. Erejuwa, O.O.; Sulaiman, S.A.; Wahab, M.S.; Sirajudeen, K.N.; Salleh, M.S.; Gurtu, S. Differential responses to blood pressure and oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic wistar-kyoto rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats: Effects of antioxidant (honey) treatment. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2011, 12, 1888-1907.
125. Erejuwa, O.O.; Sulaiman, S.A.; Wahab, M.S.; Sirajudeen, K.N.S.; Salleh, M.S.; Gurtu, S. Comparison of antioxidant effects of honey, glibenclamide, metformin, and their combinations in the kidneys of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2011, 12, 829-843.
126. Bornet, F.; Haardt, M.J.; Costagliola, D.; Blayo, A.; Slama, G. Sucrose or honey at breakfast have no additional acute hyperglycaemic effect over an isoglucidic amount of bread in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetologia 1985, 28, 213-217. (Pubitemid 15082147)
127. Katsilambros, N.L.; Philippides, P.; Touliatou, A.; Georgakopoulos, K.; Kofotzouli, L.; Frangaki, D.; Siskoudis, P.; Marangos, M.; Sfikakis, P. Metabolic effects of honey (alone or combined with other foods) in type II diabetics. Acta Diabetol. Lat. 1988, 25, 197-203. (Pubitemid 19048160)
128. Nemoseck, T.M.; Carmody, E.G.; Furchner-Evanson, A.; Gleason, M.; Li, A.; Potter, H.; Rezende, L.M.; Lane, K.J.; Kern, M. Honey promotes lower weight gain, adiposity, and triglycerides than sucrose in rats. Nutr. Res. 2011, 31, 55-60.
129. Bahrami, M.; Ataie-Jafari, A.; Hosseini, S.; Foruzanfar, M. H.; Rahmani, M.; Pajouhi, M. Effects of natural honey consumption in diabetic patients: An 8-week randomized clinical trial. Int. J. Food. Sci. Nutr. 2009, 60, 618-626.
130. Larson-Meyer, D.E.; Willis, K.S.; Willis, L.M.; Austin, K.J.; Hart, A.M.; Breton, A.B.; Alexander, B.M. Effect of honey versus sucrose on appetite, appetite-regulating hormones, and postmeal thermogenesis. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 2010, 29, 482-493.
131. Yaghoobi, N.; Al-Waili, N.; Ghayour-Mobarhan, M.; Parizadeh, S.M.; Abasalti, Z.; Yaghoobi, Z.; Yaghoobi, F.; Esmaeili, H.; Kazemi-Bajestani, S.M.; Aghasizadeh, R.; et al. Natural honey and cardiovascular risk factors; effects on blood glucose, cholesterol, triacylglycerole, CRP, and body weight compared with sucrose. Sci. World J. 2008, 8, 463-469. (Pubitemid 351669765)
132. Erejuwa, O.O.; Sulaiman, S.A.; Wahab, M.S.; Sirajudeen, K.N.; Salleh, M.S.; Gurtu, S. Hepatoprotective effect of tualang honey supplementation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int. J. Appl. Res. Nat. Prod. 2011, in Press.
133. Al-Waili, N.S. Intravenous and intrapulmonary administration of honey solution to healthy sheep: Effects on blood sugar, renal and liver function tests, bone marrow function, lipid profile, and carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury. J. Med. Food 2003, 6, 231-247. (Pubitemid 37445036)