Targeting ion channels in cancer: A novel frontier in antineoplastic therapy

Current Medicinal Chemistry

Volumn 16, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 66-93

  Arcangeli, Annarosa ^a   Crociani, O ^a   Lastraioli, E ^a   Masi, A ^a   Pillozzi, S ^a   Becchetti, A ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORENCE   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MILANO BICOCCA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Breast cancer; Colorectal cancer; Glioma; hEAG 1; hERG1, Kv 11.1; Ion channels; Kv 1.3 Kca 3.1; Kv 10.1; Leukemia; Nav 1.5; Nav 1.7; Prostate cancer

Indexed keywords

1 [2 (6 METHYL 2 PYRIDYL)ETHYL] 4 (4 METHYLSULFONYLAMINOBENZOYL)PIPERIDINE; 2 AMINOETHOXYDIPHENYLBORANE; ANTHRA[1,9 CD]PYRAZOL 6(2H) ONE; ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDE; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CARDENOLIDE; CHARYBDOTOXIN; CHLORIDE CHANNEL; CHLOROTOXIN; CLOTRIMAZOLE; GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR; IBERIOTOXIN; ION CHANNEL; MENTHOL; MULTIPROTEIN COMPLEX; NICOTINIC RECEPTOR; PHENYTOIN; POTASSIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; POTASSIUM CHANNEL KV1.3; QUINIDINE; SCORPION VENOM; SERTINDOLE; SMALL INTERFERING RNA; SODIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; TERFENADINE; TETRODOTOXIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VOLTAGE GATED CALCIUM CHANNEL; VOLTAGE GATED POTASSIUM CHANNEL; VOLTAGE GATED SODIUM CHANNEL; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT;

ANGIOGENESIS; ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY; APOPTOSIS; BRAIN TUMOR; BREAST CANCER; CALCIUM TRANSPORT; CANCER CELL CULTURE; CANCER GROWTH; CANCER INHIBITION; CANCER INVASION; CELL ADHESION; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL MOTILITY; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELL VOLUME; CHANNEL GATING; COLON CANCER; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG TARGETING; EPIGENETICS; GENE EXPRESSION; GENE FUNCTION; GENETIC ANALYSIS; GLIOMA; HUMAN; ION TRANSPORT; LEUKEMIA; LUNG CANCER; LYMPHOMA; METASTASIS; MITOSIS; NONHUMAN; PH; PROSTATE CANCER; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; STOMACH CANCER; ANIMAL; CHEMISTRY; DRUG EFFECT; GENETICS; METABOLISM; NEOPLASM;

ANIMALS; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; HUMANS; ION CHANNELS; NEOPLASMS; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

EID: 61949377514     PISSN: 09298673     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/092986709787002835     Document Type: Review

References (241)

1. De Vita, V.; Hellmann S.; Rosenberg, S. Cancer. Principles & Practice of Oncology, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins: New York, 2008.
2. Yu, F. H.; Yarov-Yarovoy, V.; Gutman, G. A.; Catterall, W. A. Overview of molecular relationships in the voltage-gated ion channel superfamily. Pharmacol. Rev., 2005, 57, 387-395.
3. Gutman, G.A.; Chandy, K.G.; Grissmer, S.; Lazdunski, M.; McKinnon, D.; Pardo, L.A.; Robertson, G.A.; Rudy, B.; Sanguinetti, M.C.; Stümer, W.; Wang, X. International Union of Pharmacology. LIII. Nomenclature and molecular relationships of voltage-gated potassium channels. Pharmacol. Rev., 2005, 57, 473-508.
4. + channels. Science, 1990, 250, 276-279.
5. + channel by mutation of the H5 region. Nature, 1991, 349, 700-704.
6. 2+ blockage, and ionic selectivity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1994, 91, 1109-1113.
7. Nichols, C. G.; Lopatin, A. N. Inward rectifier potassium channels. Annu. Rev. Physiol., 1997, 59, 171-191.
8. Nilius, B.; Owsianik, G.; Voets, T.; Peters, J. A. Transient receptor potential cation channels in disease. Physiol. Rev., 2007, 87, 165-217.
9. Wonderlin, W. F.; Strobl, J. S. Potassium channels, proliferation and G1 progression. J. Membr. Biol., 1996, 154, 91-107
10. + channels for cancer therapy. J. Exp. Ther. Oncol., 2004, 4, 161-166.
11. 2+entry: A way to control cell proliferation. Curr. Med. Chem., 2004, 11, 1533-1543.
12. Pardo, L. A. Voltage-gated potassium channels in cell proliferation. Physiology (Bethesda). 2004, 19, 285-292.
13. Lang, F.; Föller, M.; Lang, K. S.; Lang, P. A.; Ritter, M.; Gulbins, E.; Vereninov, A.; Huber, S. M. Ion channels in cell proliferation and apoptotic cell death. J Membr. Biol., 2005, 205, 147-157.
14. Schönherr, R. Clinical relevance of ion channels for diagnosis and therapy of cancer. J. Membr. Biol., 2005, 205, 175-184.
15. Felipe, A.; Vicente, R.; Villalonga, N.; Roura-Ferrer, M.; Martínez-Mármol, R.; Solé, L.; Ferreres, J. C.; Condom, E. Potassium channels: New targets in cancer therapy. Cancer Detect. Prev., 2006, 30, 375-385.
16. Fiske, J. L.; Fomin, V. P.; Brown, M. L.; Duncan, R. L.; Sikes, R. A. Voltage-sensitive ion channels and cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev., 2006, 25, 493-500.
17. 2+ channel in mouse myeloma cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1983, 80, 2240-2242.
18. + channels in human T lymphocytes: A role in mitogenesis? Nature, 1984, 307, 465-468.
19. Matteson, D.R.; Deutsch, C. K channels in T lymphocytes: A patch clamp study using monoclonal antibody adhesion. Nature, 1984, 307, 468-471.
20. Fukushima, Y.; Hagiwara, S.; Henkart, M. Potassium current in clonal cytotoxic T lymphocytes from the mouse. J. Physiol., 1984, 351, 645-656.
21. Chandy, K.G.; DeCoursey, T.E.; Cahalan, M.D.; McLaughlin, C.; Gupta, S. Voltage-gated potassium channels are required for human T lymphocyte activation. J. Exp. Med., 1984, 160, 369-385.
22. Fukushima, Y.; Hagiwara, S.; Saxton, R.E. Variation of calcium current during the cell growth cycle in mouse hybridoma lines secreting immunoglobulins. J. Physiol., 1984, 355, 313-321
23. Fukushima, Y.; Hagiwara, S. Currents carried by monovalent cations through calcium channels in mouse neoplastic B lymphocytes. J. Physiol., 1985, 358, 255-284.
24. Cahalan, M. D.; Chandy, K. G.; DeCoursey, T. E.; Gupta, S. A voltage-gated potassium channel in human T lymphocytes. J. Physiol., 1985, 358, 197-237.
25. Wulff, H.; Beeton, C.; Chandy, K. G. Potassium channels as therapeutic targets for autoimmune disorders. Curr. Opin. Drug Discov. Devel., 2003, 6, 640-647.
26. Beeton, C.; Chandy, K. G. Potassium channels, memory T cells, and multiple sclerosis. Neuroscientist, 2005, 11, 550-562.
27. Krasznai, Z. Ion channels in T cells: From molecular pharmacology to therapy. Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp. (Warsz), 2005, 53, 127-135.
28. Douglass, J.; Osborne, P. B.; Cai, Y. C.; Wilkinson, M.; Christie, M. J.; Adelman, J. P. Characterization and functional expression of a rat genomic DNA clone encoding a lymphocyte potassium channel. J. Immunol., 1990, 144, 4841-4850.
29. Logsdon, N. J.; Kang, J.; Togo, J. A.; Christian, E. P.; Aiyar, J. A novel gene, hKCa4, encodes the calcium-activated potassium channel in human T lymphocytes. J. Biol. Chem., 1997, 272, 32723-32726.
30. + channel, IKCa1: A potential immunosuppressant. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2000, 97, 8151-8156.
31. + channels as targets for specific immuno-modulation. Trends Pharmacol. Sci., 2004, 25, 280-289.
32. + current during the differentiation of ML-1 human myeloblastic leukemia cells. J. Membr. Biol., 1993, 132, 267-274.
33. + channel activity. Am. J. Physiol., 1996, 271, C2037-2044.
34. + channel activity associated with human myeloblastic ML-1 cell proliferation. Am. J. Physiol., 1997, 273, C1657-1665.
35. +-channel activity in growth factor-mediated extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation in human myeloblastic leukemia ML-1 cells. Blood, 1999, 94, 139-145.
36. Straube, S.; Parekh, A. B. Inwardly rectifying potassium currents in rat basophilic leukaemia (RBL-1) cells: Regulation by spermine and implications for store-operated calcium influx. Pflugers Arch., 2002, 444, 389-396.
37. + channel mediates B lymphoma cell cycle progression induced by serum. Pflugers Arch., 2007, 454, 945-956.
38. Arcangeli, A.; Wanke, E.; Olivotto, M.; Camagni, S.; Ferroni, A. Three types of ion channels are present on the plasma membrane of Friend erythroleukemia cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 1987, 146, 1450-1457.
39. + channels. J. Cell Physiol., 1987, 132, 387-400.
40. Arcangeli, A.; Becchetti, A.; Del Bene, M. R.; Wanke, E.; Olivotto, M. Fibronectin-integrin binding promotes hyperpolarization of murine erythroleukemia cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 1991, 177, 1266-1272.
41. + current. Proc. Biol. Sci., 1992, 248, 235-240.
42. + channels. J. Cell. Physiol., 1989, 139, 1-8.
43. DeCoursey, T. E.; Kim, S. Y.; Silver, M. R.; Quandt, F. N. Ion channel expression in PMA-differentiated human THP-1 macrophages. J. Membr. Biol., 1996, 152, 141-157.
44. + channels in neoplastic hematopoietic cells. J. Biol. Chem., 2002, 277, 18528-18534.
45. Pillozzi, S.; Brizzi, M. F.; Balzi, M.; Crociani, O.; Cherubini, A.; Guasti, L.; Bartolozzi, B.; Becchetti, A.; Wanke, E.; Bernabei, P. A.; Olivotto, M.; Pegoraro, L.; Arcangeli, A. HERG potassium channels are constitutively expressed in primary human acute myeloid leukemias and regulate cell proliferation of normal and leukemic hemopoietic progenitors. Leukemia, 2002, 16, 1791-1798.
46. + channel for a macromolecular signaling complex in acute myeloid leukemia: Role in cell migration and clinical outcome. Blood, 2007, 110, 1238-1250.
47. Pillozzi, S.; Accordi, B.; Veltroni, M.; Masselli, M.; Pancrazzi, E.; Gaipa, G.; Lippi, A.; Bernini, G.; Basso, G.; Arcangeli, A. Expression and role of hERG1 channels in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemias: shortcoming of drug resistance by hERG1 channel inhibitors in stroma-supported leukaemia cell cultures in vitro. Blood (ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts), 2007, 110, 877.
48. Alizadeh, A.A.; Eisen, M.B.; Davis, R.E.; Ma, C.; Lossos, I.S.; Rosenwald, A.; Boldrick, J.C.; Sabet, H.; Tran, T.; Yu, X.; Powell, J.I.; Yang, L.; Marti, G.E.; Moore, T.; Hudson, J.Jr; Lu, L.; Lewis, D.B.; Tibshirani, R.; Sherlock, G.; Chan, W.C.; Greiner, T.C.; Weisenburger, D.D.; Armitage, J.O.; Warnke, R.; Levy, R.; Wilson, W.; Grever, M.R.; Byrd, J.C.; Botstein, D.; Brown, P.O.; Staudt, L.M. Distinct types of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identified by gene expression profiling. Nature, 2000, 403, 503-511
49. Olsen, M.L; Sontheimer, H. Voltage activated ion channels in glial cells. In: Neuroglia, Ransom BR, Kettenmann H Eds., Oxford Univ Press; 2005, 112-130.
50. Kimelberg, H.K.; Macvicar, B.A.; Sontheimer, H. Anion channels in astrocytes: Biophysics, pharmacology, and function. Glia, 2006, 54, 747-757.
51. + currents in rat spinal cord astrocytes. J. Neurophysiol., 1995, 73, 333-346.
52. Bordey, A.; Sontheimer, H. Postnatal development of ionic currents in rat hippocampal astrocytes in situ. J. Neurophysiol., 1997, 78, 461-477.
53. MacFarlane, S.N.; Sontheimer, H. Changes in ion channel expression accompany cell cycle progression of spinal cord astrocytes. Glia, 2000, 30, 39-48.
54. ir 4.1 subunit) in mice: Phenotypic impact in retina. J. Neurosci., 2000, 20, 5733-5740.
55. ir 4.1 channels in spinal cord astrocytes. Glia, 2006, 53, 516-528.
56. Bordey, A.; Lyons, S.A.; Hablitz, J.J.; Sontheimer, H. Electrophysiological characteristics of reactive astrocytes in experimental cortical dysplasia. J. Neurophysiol., 2001, 85, 1719-1731.
57. ir 4.1 channels in growth control of glia. Glia, 2007, 55, 1668-1679.
58. v 1 subunit expression in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and their role in G1/S phase progression of the cell cycle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2002, 99, 2350-2355.
59. Olsen, M.L.; Schade, S.; Lyons, S.A.; Amaral, M.D.; Sontheimer, H. Expression of voltage-gated chloride channels in human glioma cells. J. Neurosci., 2003, 23, 5572-5582.
60. Olsen, M.L.; Weaver, A. K.; Ritch, P. S.; Sontheimer, H. Modulation of glioma BK channels via erbB2. J. Neurosci. Res., 2005, 81, 179-189.
61. Sontheimer, H. An unexpected role for ion channels in brain tumor metastasis. Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood), 2008, 233, 779-791.
62. Deshane, J.; Garner, C.C.; Sontheimer, H. Chlorotoxin inhibits glioma cell invasion via matrix metalloproteinase-2. J.Biol. Chem., 2003, 278, 4135-4144.
63. Fraser, S. P.; Pardo, L. A. Ion channels: Functional expression and therapeutic potential in cancer. Colloquium on Ion Channels and Cancer. EMBO Rep., 2008, 9, 512-515.
64. + channels contribute to regulatory volume increases in human glioma cells. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol., 2007, 293, C1181-1185.
65. Masi, A.; Becchetti, A.; Restano-Cassulini, R.; Polvani, S.; Hofmann, G.; Buccoliero, A. M.; Paglierani, M.; Pollo, B.; Taddei, G. L.; Gallina, P.; Di Lorenzo, N.; Franceschetti, S.; Wanke, E.; Arcangeli, A. hERG1 channels are overexpressed in glioblastoma multiforme and modulate VEGF secretion in glioblastoma cell lines. Br. J. Cancer, 2005, 93, 781-792.
66. ir 4.1 in human astrocytic tumors: Correlation with pathologic grade. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2008, 367, 743-747.
67. v 1.5 in human gliomas. Neurosci. Lett., 2003, 346, 33-36.
68. Patt, S.; Preussat, K.; Beetz, C.; Kraft, R.; Schrey, M.; Kalff, R.; Schönherr, K.; Heinemann, S.H. Expression of ether à go-go potassium channels in human gliomas. Neurosci. Lett., 2004, 368, 249-253.
69. Schrey, M.; Codina, C.; Kraft, R.; Beetz, C.; Kalff, R.; Wölfl, S.; Patt, S. Molecular characterization of voltage-gated sodium channels in human gliomas. Neuroreport, 2002, 13, 2493-2498.
70. Wondergem, R.; Ecay, T.W.; Mahieu, F.; Owsianik, G.; Nilius, B. HGF/SF and menthol increase human glioblastoma cell calcium and migration. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2008, 372, 210-215
71. Bomben, V. C.; Sontheimer, H. Inhibition of transient receptor potential canonical channels impairs cytokinesis in human malignant gliomas. Cell Prolif., 2008, 41, 98-121.
72. 2+ channel antagonists mibefradil and pimozide inhibit cell growth via different cytotoxic mechanisms. Mol. Pharmacol., 2002, 62, 210-219.
73. Asaga, S.; Ueda, M.; Jinno, H.; Kikuchi, K.; Itano, O.; Ikeda, T.; Kitajima, M. Identification of a new breast cancer-related gene by restriction landmark genomic scanning. Anticancer Res., 2006 26, 35-42.
74. 2+ channels through c-erbB2 receptor level-dependent pathway in human breast cancer cells. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 2007, 458, 244-252.
75. + channels: Multiplicity of expression, plasticity, functional implications and pathophysiological aspects. Eur. Biophys. J., 2004, 33, 180-193.
76. Fraser, S.P.; Diss, J.K.; Chioni, A.M.; Mycielska, M.E.; Pan, H.; Yamaci, R.F.; Pani, F.; Siwy, Z.; Krasowska, M.; Grzywna, Z.; Brackenbury, W.J.; Theodorou, D.; Koyutrk, M.; Kaya, H.; Battaloglu, E.; De Bella, M.T.; Slade, M.J.; Tolhurst, R.; Palmieri, C.; Jiang, J.; Latchman, D.S.; Coombes, R.C.; Djamgoz, M.B. Voltage-gated sodium channel expression and potentiation of human breast cancer metastasis. Clin. Cancer Res., 2005, 11, 5381-5389.
77. av 1.5 potentiates in vitro invasive behaviour of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res. Treat., 2007, 101,149-160.
78. + channel expression in human breast cancer cells: Involvement in cell cycle regulation and carcinogenesis. J. Membr. Biol., 2008, 221, 1-6
79. + channel function in the human mammary carcinoma cell line MCF-7. Oncol. Rep., 2008, 19, 1511-1516.
80. Stringer, B. K.; Cooper, A. G.; Shepard, S. B. Overexpression of the G-protein inwardly rectifying potassium channel 1 (GIRK1) in primary breast carcinomas correlates with axillary lymph node metastasis. Cancer Res., 2001, 61, 582-588.
81. Plummer, H. K.; Yu, Q.; Cakir, Y.; Schuller, H. M. Expression of inwardly rectifying potassium channels (GIRKs) and beta-adrenergic regulation of breast cancer cell lines. BMC Cancer, 2004, 4, 93.
82. Dhar, M. S.; Plummer, H. K. Protein expression of G-protein inwardly rectifying potassium channels (GIRK) in breast cancer cells. BMC Physiol., 2006, 6, 8.
83. Mu, D.; Chen, L.; Zhang, X.; See, L.; Koch, C. M.; Yen, C.; Tong, J. J.; Spiegel, L.; Nguyen, K. C. Q.; Servoss, A.; Peng, Y.; Pei, L.; Marks, J. R.; Lowe, S.; Hoey, T.; Jan, L. Y.; McCombie, W. R.; Wigler, M. H.; Powers, S. Genomic amplification and oncogenic properties of the KCNK9 potassium channel gene. Cancer Cell, 2003, 3, 297-302.
84. + channel function. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2003, 100, 7803-7807.
85. Abdul, M.; Santo, A.; Hoosein, N. Activity of potassium channel-blockers in breast cancer. Anticancer Res., 2003, 23, 3347-3351.
86. Suh, K. S.; Crutchley, J. M.; Koochek, A.; Ryscavage, A.; Bhat, K.; Tanaka, T.; Oshima, A.; Fitzgerald, P.; Yuspa, S. H. Reciprocal modifications of CLIC4 in tumor epithelium and stroma mark malignant progression of multiple human cancers. Clin. Cancer Res., 2007, 13, 121-131.
87. Suh, K. S.; Mutoh, M.; Gerdes, M.; Crutchley, J. M.; Mutoh, T.; Edwards, L. E.; Dumont, R. A.; Sodha, P.; Cheng, C.; Glick, A.; Yuspa, S. H. Antisense suppression of the chloride intracellular channel family induces apoptosis, enhances tumor necrosis factor {alpha}-induced apoptosis, and inhibits tumor growth. Cancer Res., 2005, 65, 562-571.
88. Loewen, M. E.; Forsyth, G. W. Structure and function of CLCA proteins. Physiol. Rev., 2005, 85, 1061-1092.
89. 2+-activated chloride channel CLCA2. Cancer Res., 1999, 59, 5488-5491.
90. Li, X.; Cowell, J. K.; Sossey-Alaoui, K. CLCA2 tumour suppressor gene in 1p31 is epigenetically regulated in breast cancer. Oncogene, 2004, 23, 1474-1480.
91. Abdel-Ghany, M.; Cheng, H.; Elble, R. C.; Lin, H.; DiBiasio, J.; Pauli, B. U. The interacting binding domains of the beta(4) integrin and calcium-activated chloride channels (CLCAs) in metastasis. J. Biol. Chem., 2003, 278, 49406-49416.
92. Sun, Y.; Gao, X.; Tang, Y.; Xu, C.; Wang, L. Androgens induce increases in intracellular calcium via a G protein-coupled receptor in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. J. Androl., 2006, 27, 671-678.
93. + channel modulators on human prostate cancer cell proliferation. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 2003, 471, 157-164.
94. 2+/ NFAT-dependent pathways. Oncogene, 2007, 26, 7380-7385.
95. Bidaux, G.; Flourakis, M.; Thebault, S.; Zholos, A.; Beck, B.; Gkika, D.; Roudbaraki, M.; Bonnal, J.; Mauroy, B.; Shuba, Y.; Skryma, R.; Prevarskaya, N. Prostate cell differentiation status determines transient receptor potential melastatin member 8 channel subcellular localization and function. J. Clin. Invest., 2007, 117, 1647-1657.
96. 2+-selective cation channel TRPV6 in human prostate cancer: A novel prognostic marker for tumor progression. Oncogene, 2003, 22, 7858-7861.
97. + currents in two prostatic tumour cell lines: Contribution to invasiveness in vitro. FEBS Lett., 1995, 369, 290-294.
98. + channels: Multiplicity of expression, plasticity, functional implications and pathophysiological aspects. Eur. Biophys. J., 2004, 33, 180-193.
99. Diss, J.K.; Stewart, D.; Pani, F.; Foster, C.S.; Walker, M.M.; Patel, A.; Djamgoz, M.B. A potential novel marker for human prostate cancer: voltage-gated sodium channel expression in vivo. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis., 2005, 8, 266-273.
100. + channel activity. J. Cell Physiol., 2008, 215, 77-81.
101. Uysal-Onganer, P.; Djamgoz, M.B. Epidermal growth factor potentiates in vitro metastatic behaviour of human prostate cancer PC-Targeting 3M cells: Involvement of voltage-gated sodium channel. Mol. Cancer, 2007, 6,76.
102. + channel expression in Mat-LyLu rat prostate cancer cell line. J. Physiol., 2006, 573(Pt 2), 343-356.
103. Abdul, M.; Hoosein, N. Reduced Kv 1.3 potassium channel expression in human prostate cancer. J. Membr. Biol., 2006, 214, 99-102.
104. a channels activating at resting potential without calcium in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. J. Membr. Biol., 2005, 208, 229-240.
105. Bloch, M.; Ousingsawat, J.; Simon, R.; Schraml, P.; Gasser, T. C.; Mihatsch, M. J.; Kunzelmann, K.; Bubendorf, L. KCNMA1 gene amplification promotes tumor cell proliferation in human prostate cancer. Oncogene, 2007, 26, 2525-2534.
106. Voloshyna, I.; Besana, A.; Castillo, M.; Matos, T.; Weinstein, I. B.; Mansukhani, M.; Robinson, R. B.; Cordon-Cardo, C.; Feinmark, S. J. TREK-1 is a novel molecular target in prostate cancer. Cancer Res., 2008, 68, 1197-1203.
107. Ivanov, D. V.; Tyazhelova, T. V.; Lemonnier, L.; Kononenko, N.; Pestova, A. A.; Nikitin, E. A.; Prevarskaya, N.; Skryma, R.; Panchin, Y. V.; Yankovsky, N. K.; Baranova, A. V. A new human gene KCNRG encoding potassium channel regulating protein is a cancer suppressor gene candidate located in 13q14.3. FEBS Lett., 2003, 539, 156-160.
108. 2+ influx in carcinoma cells of colon cancer. Life Sci., 1999, 65, 55-62.
109. + channels support proliferation of colonic carcinoma cells. FASEB J. 2007, 21, 35-44.
110. Abdul, M.; Hoosein, N. Voltage-gated potassium ion channels in colon cancer. Oncol. Rep., 2002, 9, 961-964.
111. Hemmerlein, B.; Weseloh, R. M.; Mello de Queiroz, F.; Knötgen, H.; Sánchez, A.; Rubio, M. E.; Martin, S.; Schliephacke, T.; Jenke, M.; Heinz-Joachim-Radzun; Stühmer, W.; Pardo, L. A. Overexpression of Eag1 potassium channels in clinical tumours. Mol. Cancer, 2006, 5, 41.
112. Ousingsawat, J.; Spitzner, M.; Puntheeranurak, S.; Terracciano, L.; Tornillo, L.; Bubendorf, L.; Kunzelmann, K.; Schreiber, R. Expression of voltage-gated potassium channels in human and mouse colonic carcinoma. Clin. Cancer Res., 2007, 13, 824-831.
113. Lastraioli, E.; Guasti, L.; Crociani, O.; Polvani, S.; Hofmann, G.; Witchel, H.; Bencini, L.; Calistri, M.; Messerini, L.; Scatizzi, M.; Moretti, R.; Wanke, E.; Olivotto, M.; Mugnai, G.; Arcangeli, A. herg1 gene and HERG1 protein are overexpressed in colorectal cancers and regulate cell invasion of tumor cells. Cancer Res., 2004, 64, 606-611.
114. Kim, C. J.; Cho, Y. G.; Jeong, S. W.; Kim, Y. S.; Kim, S. Y.; Nam, S. W.; Lee, S. H.; Yoo, N. J.; Lee, J. Y.; Park, W. S. Altered expression of KCNK9 in colorectal cancers. APMIS, 2004, 112, 588-594.
115. + channel expression-related chemosensitivity in cancer cells and its modulation by erythromycin. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol., 2005, 56, 212-220.
116. Sjöblom, T.; Jones, S.; Wood, L.D.; Parsons, D.W.; Lin, J.; Barber, T.D.; Mandelker, D.; Leary, R.J.; Ptak, J.; Silliman, N.; Szabo, S.; Buckhaults, P.; Farrell, C.; Meeh, P.; Markowitz, S.D.; Willis, J.; Dawson, D.; Willson, J.K; Gazdar, A.F; Hartigan, J; Wu, L.; Liu, C.; Parmigiani, G.; Park, B.H; Bachman, K.E; Papadopoulos, N.; Vogelstein, B.; Kinzler, K.W.; Velculescu, V.E. The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science, 2006, 314, 268-274.
117. McMurray, H.R.; Sampson, E.R.; Compitello, G.; Kinsey, C.; Newman, L.; Smith, B.; Chen, S.R.; Klebanov, L.; Salzman, P.; Yakovlev, A.; Land, H. Synergistic response to oncogenic mutations defines gene class critical to cancer phenotype. Nature, 2008, 453, 1112-1116
118. 2+-activated chloride channel genes CLCA1 and CLCA2 is downregulated in human colorectal cancer. DNA Cell Biol, 2001, 20, 331-338.
119. Shao, X.; Wu, K.; Hao, Z.; Hong, L.; Zhang, J.; Fan, D. The potent inhibitory effects of cisapride, a specific blocker for human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) channel, on gastric cancer cells. Cancer Biol. Ther., 2005, 4, 295-301.
120. Shao, X.; Wu, K.; Guo, X.; Xie, M.; Zhang, J.; Fan, D. Expression and significance of HERG protein in gastric cancer. Cancer Biol. Ther., 2008, 7, 45-50.
121. Lastraioli, E.; Taddei, A.; Messerini, L.; Comin, C.E.; Festini, M.; Giannelli, M.; Tomezzoli, A.; Paglierani, M.; Mugnai, G.; De Manzoni, G.; Bechi, P.; Arcangeli, A. hERG1 channels in human esophagus: Evidence for their aberrant expression in the malignant progression of Barrett's esophagus. J. Cell Physiol., 2006, 209, 398-404
122. Ding, X.W; Luo, H.S; Jin, X; Yan, J.J; Ai, Y.W. Aberrant expression of Eag1 potassium channels in gastric cancer patients and cell lines. Med. Oncol., 2007, 24, 345-350.
123. Elso, C.M; Lu, X; Culiat, C.T; Rutledge, J.C; Cacheiro, N.L; Generoso, W.M; Stubbs, L.J. Heightened susceptibility to chronic gastritis, hyperplasia and metaplasia in Kcnq1 mutant mice. Hum. Mol. Genet., 2004, 13, 2813-2821.
124. Lee, M.P.; Ravenel, J.D.; Hu, R.J.; Lustig, L.R.; Tomaselli, G.; Berger, R.D.; Brandenburg, S.A.; Litzi, T.J.; Bunton, T.E.; Limb, C.; Francis, H.; Gorelikow, M.; Gu, H.; Washington, K.; Argani, P.; Goldenring, J.R.; Coffey, R.J.; Feinberg, A.P. Targeted disruption of the Kvlqt1 gene causes deafness and gastric hyperplasia in mice. J. Clin. Invest., 2000, 106, 1447-1455.
125. + -adenosine triphosphatase by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitroso-guanidine in the gastric epithelial RGM-1 cell line. In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. Anim., 2008, 44, 26-30.
126. Lam, D. C.; Girard, L.; Ramirez, R.; Chau, W.; Suen, W.; Sheridan, S.; Tin, V. P. C.; Chung, L.; Wong, M. P.; Shay, J. W.; Gazdar, A. F.; Lam, W.; Minna, J. D. Expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit genes in non-small-cell lung cancer reveals differences between smokers and nonsmokers. Cancer Res., 2007, 67, 4638-4647
127. Egleton, R. D.; Brown, K. C.; Dasgupta, P. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in cancer: Multiple roles in proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis. Trends Pharmacol. Sci., 2008, 29, 151-158.
128. Zheng, Y.; Ritzenthaler, J.D.; Roman, J.; Han, S. Nicotine stimulates human lung cancer cell growth by inducing fibronectin expression. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., 2007, 37, 681-690
129. Onganer, P.U.; Seckl, M.J.; Djamgoz, M.B. Neuronal characteristics of small-cell lung cancer. Br. J. Cancer, 2005, 93, 1197-1201.
130. + channel expression in vitro. J. Membr. Biol., 2005, 204, 67-75.
131. Roger, S.; Rollin, J.; Barascu, A.; Besson, P.; Raynal, P.I.; Iochmann, S.; Lei, M.; Bougnoux, P.; Gruel, Y.; Le Guennec, J.Y. Voltage-gated sodium channels potentiate the invasive capacities of human non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines. Int. J. Biochem. Cell. Biol., 2007, 39, 774-786.
132. Cho, Y. G.; Kim, C. J.; Song, J. H.; Rhie, D. J.; Park, Y. K.; Kim, S. Y.; Nam, S. W.; Yoo, N. J.; Lee, J. Y.; Park, W. S. Genetic and expression analysis of the KCNRG gene in hepatocellular carcinomas. Exp. Mol. Med., 2006, 38, 247-255.
133. Sarzani, R.; Dess-Fulgheri, P. Angiotensin receptor blockers and myocardial infarction: The importance of dosage. J. Hypertens., 2006, 24, 1679-1681.
134. Natrajan, R.; Little, S. E.; Reis-Filho, J. S.; Hing, L.; Messahel, B.; Grundy, P. E.; Dome, J. S.; Schneider, T.; Vujanic, G. M.; Pritchard-Jones, K.; Jones, C. Amplification and overexpression of CACNA1E correlates with relapse in favorable histology Wilms' tumors. Clin. Cancer Res., 2006, 12, 7284-7293.
135. Feng, Q.; Hawes, S.E.; Stern, J.E.; Wiens, L.; Lu, H.; Dong, Z.M.; Jordan, C.D.; Kiviat, N.B.; Vesselle, H. DNA methylation in tumor and matched normal tissues from non-small cell lung cancer patients. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., 2008, 17, 645-654.
136. Toyota, M.; Ho, C.; Ohe-Toyota, M.; Baylin, S.B.; Issa, J.P. Inactivation of CACNA1G, a T-type calcium channel gene, by aberrant methylation of its 5′ CpG island in human tumors. Cancer Res., 1999, 59, 4535-4541.
137. Crociani, O.; Guasti, L.; Balzi, M.; Becchetti, A.; Wanke, E.; Olivotto, M.; Wymore, R. S.; Arcangeli, A. Cell cycle-dependent expression of HERG1 and HERG1B isoforms in tumor cells. J. Biol. Chem., 2003, 278, 2947-2955.
138. + channel expression and hERG1 current density in tumor cells. Mol. Biol. Cell, 2008, 28, 5043-5060.
139. Cone CD. Unified theory on the basic mechanism of normal mitotic control and oncogenesis. J. Theory Biol., 1971, 30, 151-181.
140. Binggeli, R.; Weinstein, R. C. Membrane potentials and sodium channels: hypotheses for growth regulation and cancer formation based on changes in sodium channels and gap junctions. J. Theory Biol., 1986, 123, 377-401.
141. + current highly conserved in tumors of different histogenesis: A selective advantage for cancer cells? Cancer Res., 1998, 58, 815-822.
142. Arcangeli, A.; Rosati,B.; Cherubini,A.; Crociani,O.; Fontana,L.; Ziller, C.; Wanke, E.; Olivotto, M. HERG- and IRK-like inward rectifier currents are sequentially expressed during neuronal development of neural crest cells and their derivatives. Eur. J. Neurosci., 1997, 9, 2596-2604.
143. Arcangeli, A.; Becchetti, A. Ion Channels and the Cell Cycle. In The Cell Cycle in the Central Nervous System, Janigro D Ed., Humana Press Inc., New Jersey Totowa, 2006; pp. 81-94.
144. 2+ entry: A way to control cell proliferation. Curr. Med. Chem., 2004, 11, 1533-1543.
145. Panner, A.; Wurster, R. D. T-type calcium channels and tumor proliferation. Cell Calcium, 2006, 40, 253-259
146. 2+ transport. Nat. Rev. Cancer, 2007, 7, 519-530.
147. Patel, R.; Holt, M.; Philipova, R.; Moss, S.; Schulman, H.; Hidaka, H.; Whitaker, M. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent phosphorylation and activation of human Cdc25-C at the G2/M phase transition in HeLa cells. J. Biol. Chem., 1999, 274, 7958-7968.
148. Kahl, C.R.; Means, A.R.; Regulation of cell cycle progression by calcium/ calmodulin-dependent pathways. Endocr. Rev., 2003, 24, 719-736.
149. Perona, R.; Serrano, R. Increased pH and tumorigenicity of fibroblasts expressing a yeast proton pump. Nature, 1988, 334, 438-440.
150. +-ATPases at the plasma membrane regulate pH and cell migration in microvascular endothelial cells. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol., 2006, 291, H1147-1157.
151. +-ATPases are functionally expressed in plasma membranes of human tumor cells. Am. J. Physiol., 1993, 265 (4 Pt 1), C1015-1029.
152. + -adenosine triphosphatase by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitroso-guanidine in the gastric epithelial RGM-1 cell line. In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. Anim., 2008, 44, 26-30.
153. +-ATPase in cancer biology. Cell Biochem. Biophys., 2004, 40, 185-206.
154. Habela, C.W., Sontheimer, H. Cytoplasmic volume condensation is an integral part of mitosis. Cell Cycle, 2007, 6, 1613-1620.
155. Boucrot, E.; Kirchausen, T. Mammalian cells change volume during mitosis. PLoS ONE, 2008, 3, 1477.
156. Nilius, B.; Eggermont, J.; Voets, T.; Buyse, G.; Manolopoulos, V.G., Droogmans, G. Properties of volume-regulated anion channels in mammalian cells. Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol., 1997, 68, 69-119.
157. Nilius, B. Chloride channels go cell cycling. J. Physiol., 2001, 532, 581.
158. Wang, J.; Zhou, Y.; Wen, H.; Levitan, I. B. Simultaneous binding of two protein kinases to a calcium-dependent potassium channel. J. Neurosci., 1999, 19, RC4 1-7.
159. Malhotra, J. D.; Kazen-Gillespie, K.; Hortsch, M.; Isom, L. L. Sodium channel beta subunits mediate homophilic cell adhesion and recruit ankyrin to points of cell-cell contact. J. Biol. Chem., 2000, 275, 11383-11388.
160. Dolmetsch, R. E.; Pajvani, U.; Fife, K.; Spotts, J. M.; Greenberg, M. E. Signaling to the nucleus by an L-type calcium channel-calmodulin complex through the MAP kinase pathway. Science, 2001, 294, 333-338.
161. Runnels, L. W.; Yue, L.; Clapham, D. E. TRP-PLIK, a bifunctional protein with kinase and ion channel activities. Science, 2001, 291, 1043-1047.
162. MacLean, J. N.; Zhang, Y.; Johnson, B. R.; Harris-Warrick, R. M. Activity-independent homeostasis in rhythmically active neurons. Neuron, 2003, 37, 109-120.
163. + channel beta1 subunit-mediated neurite outgrowth requires Fyn kinase and contributes to postnatal CNS development in vivo. J. Neurosci., 2008, 28, 3246-3256.
164. Iwasaki, H.; Murata, Y.; Kim, Y.; Hossain, M. I.; Worby, C. A.; Dixon, J. E.; McCormack, T.; Sasaki, T.; Okamura, Y. A voltage-sensing phosphatase, Ci-VSP, which shares sequence identity with PTEN, dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2008, 105, 7970-7975.
165. Levitan, I. B. Signaling protein complexes associated with neuronal ion channels. Nat. Neurosci., 2006, 9, 305-310.
166. +) channels. EMBO J., 1999, 18, 5540-5547.
167. + channels. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2006, 103, 2886-2891.
168. +-channel-sensitive Akt pathway is primary mediator of ML-1 cell proliferation. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol., 2005, 289, C257-263.
169. + channel activity and Transwell migration in Mat-LyLu rat prostate cancer cell line. J. Cell Physiol., 2007, 210, 602-608.
170. Uysal-Onganer, P.; Djamgoz, M. B. Epidermal growth factor potentiates in vitro metastatic behaviour of human prostate cancer PC-3M cells: Involvement of voltage-gated sodium channel. Mol. Cancer, 2007, 6, 76.
171. + channel activity. J. Cell Physiol., 2008, 215, 77-81.
172. Juliano, R. L. Signal transduction by cell adhesion receptors and the cytoskeleton: Functions of integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-superfamily members. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 2002, 42, 283-323.
173. Arcangeli, A.; Becchetti, A. Complex functional interaction between integrin receptors and ion channels. Trends Cell Biol., 2006, 16, 631-639.
174. Giancotti, F. G.; Tarone, G. Positional control of cell fate through joint integrin/receptor protein kinase signaling. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol., 2003, 19, 173-206.
175. Brown, E. J. Integrin-associated proteins. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol., 2002, 14, 603-607.
176. + and opening of voltage-gated potassium channels activate T cell integrin function: Physical and functional association between Kv1.3 channels and beta1 integrins. J. Exp. Med., 2000, 191, 1167-1176.
177. v 1.3 voltage-gated potassium channels and beta(1)-integrins on the plasma membrane of melanoma cells: Effects of cell adherence and channel blockers. J. Gen. Physiol., 2002, 120, 29-37.
178. Cherubini, A.; Hofmann, G.; Pillozzi, S.; Guasti, L.; Crociani, O.; Cilia, E.; Di Stefano, P.; Degani, S.; Balzi, M.; Olivotto, M.; Wanke, E.; Becchetti, A.; Defilippi, P.; Wymore, R.; Arcangeli, A. Human ether-a-go-go-related gene 1 channels are physically linked to beta1 integrins and modulate adhesion-dependent signaling. Mol. Biol. Cell, 2005, 16, 2972-2983.
179. + channel inhibition accelerates intestinal epithelial cell wound healing. Wound Repair Regen., 2004, 12, 565-574.
180. + conduction and selectivity. Science, 1998, 280, 69-77.
181. Dutzler, R.; Campbell, E. B.; Cadene, M.; Chait, B. T.; MacKinnon, R. X-ray structure of a ClC chloride channel at 3.0 A reveals the molecular basis of anion selectivity. Nature, 2002, 415, 287-94.
182. + channel blockers. J. Med. Chem., 2002, 45, 3844-3853.
183. Recanatini, M.; Cavalli, A.; Masetti, M. Modeling HERG and its interactions with drugs: Recent advances in light of current potassium channel simulations. Chem. Med. Chem., 2008, 3, 523-535.
184. Andersen, O. S. Perspectives on how to drug an ion channel. J. Gen. Physiol., 2008, 131, 395-397.
185. Kaczorowski, G. J.; McManus, O. B.; Priest, B. T.; Garcia, M. L. Ion channels as drug targets: The next GPCRs. J. Gen. Physiol., 2008, 131, 399-405.
186. Xie, M.; Holmqvist, M.H.; Hsia, A.Y. "www.currentdrugdiscovery. com", April 2004
187. Witchel, H. J.; Hancox, J. C. Familial and acquired long qt syndrome and the cardiac rapid delayed rectifier potassium current. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., 2000, 27, 753-766.
188. + channel: Target and antitarget strategies in drug development. Pharmacol. Res., 2008, 57, 181-195.
189. Shah, R. R. Drug-induced QT interval prolongation-regulatory guidance and perspectives on hERG channel studies. Novartis Found Symp., 2005, 266, 251-280.
190. De Ponti, F.; Poluzzi, E.; Montanaro, N. QT-interval prolongation by non-cardiac drugs: Lessons to be learned from recent experience. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 2000, 56, 1-18.
191. Mitcheson, J.S. hERG potassium channels and the structural basis of drug-induced arrhythmias. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 2008, 21, 1005-1010.
192. + channel. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol., 2008, 15, 605-612.
193. Stork, D.; Timin, E.N.; Berjukow, S.; Huber, C.; Hohaus, A.; Auer, M.; Hering, S. State dependent dissociation of HERG channel inhibitors. Br. J. Pharmacol., 2007, 151, 1368-1376.
194. v 1.3 and suppress T cell activation. Mol. Pharmacol., 1996, 50, 1672-1679.
195. Milnes, J.T.; Dempsey, C.E.; Ridley, J.M.; Crociani, O.; Arcangeli, A.; Hancox, J.C.; Witchel, H.J. Preferential closed channel blockade of HERG potassium currents by chemically synthesised BeKm-1 scorpion toxin. FEBS Lett., 2003, 547, 20-26.
196. Zhang, M.; Korolkova, Y.V.; Liu, J.; Jiang, M.; Grishin, E.V.; Tseng, G.-N. BeKm-1 is a HERG-specific toxin that shares the structure with ChTx but the mechanism of action with ErgTx1. Biophys. J., 2003, 84, 3022-3036.
197. + channels in the central nervous system. Mol. Pharmacol., 2006, 69, 1673-1683.
198. Zhang, M.; Liu, X.S.; Diochot, S.; Lazdunski, M.; Tseng, G.N. APETx1 from sea anemone Anthopleura elegantissima is a gating modifier peptide toxin of the human ether-a-go-go- related potassium channel. Mol. Pharmacol., 2007, 72, 259-268.
199. Beeton, C.; Wulff, H.; Standifer, N. E.; Azam, P.; Mullen, K. M.; Pennington, M. W.; Kolski-Andreaco, A.; Wei, E.; Grino, A.; Counts, D. R.; Wang, P. H.; LeeHealey, C. J.; S Andrews, B.; Sankaranarayanan, A.; Homerick, D.; Roeck, W. W.; Tehranzadeh, J.; Stanhope, K. L.; Zimin, P.; Havel, P. J.; Griffey, S.; Knaus, H.; Nepom, G. T.; Gutman, G. A.; Calabresi, P. A.; Chandy, K. G. Kv1.3 channels are a therapeutic target for T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2006, 103, 17414-17419.
200. + channel blockers: novel tools to inhibit T cell activation leading to specific immunosuppression. Curr. Pharm. Des., 2006, 12, 2199-2220.
201. Wulff, H.; Pennington, M. Targeting effector memory T-cells with Kv1.3 blockers. Curr. Opin. Drug Discov. Devel., 2007, 10, 438-445.
202. + channels and inhibits T lymphocyte proliferation. J. Biol. Chem., 2008, 283, 988-997.
203. Pagès, F.; Berger, A.; Camus, M.; Sanchez-Cabo, F.; Costes, A.; Molidor, R.; Mlecnik, B.; Kirilovsky, A.; Nilsson, M.; Damotte, D.; Meatchi, T.; Bruneval, P.; Cugnenc, P.H.; Trajanoski, Z.; Fridman, W.H.; Galon, J. Effector memory T cells, early metastasis, and survival in colorectal cancer. N. Engl. J. Med., 2005, 353, 2654-2666.
204. Galon, J.; Costes, A.; Sanchez-Cabo, F.; Kirilovsky, A.; Mlecnik, B.; Lagorce-Pagès, C.; Tosolini, M.; Camus, M.; Berger, A.; Wind, P.; Zinzindohoué, F.; Bruneval, P.; Cugnenc, P.H.; Trajanoski, Z.; Fridman, W.H.; Pagès F. Type, density, and location of immune cells within human colorectal tumors predict clinical outcome. Science, 2006, 313, 1960-1964.
205. + T cells confer superior antitumor immunity compared with effector memory T cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2005, 102, 9571-9576.
206. Anderson, J. D.; Hansen, T. P.; Lenkowski, P. W.; Walls, A. M.; Choudhury, I. M.; Schenck, H. A.; Friehling, M.; Höll, G. M.; Patel, M. K.; Sikes, R. A.; Brown, M. L. Voltage-gated sodium channel blockers as cytostatic inhibitors of the androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line PC-3. Mol. Cancer Ther., 2003, 2, 1149-1154.
207. Brown, M. L.; Zha, C. C.; Van Dyke, C. C.; Brown, G. B.; Brouillette, W. J. Comparative molecular field analysis of hydantoin binding to the neuronal voltage-dependent sodium channel. J. Med. Chem., 1999, 42, 1537-1545.
208. Sikes, R. A.; Walls, A. M.; Brennen, W. N.; Anderson, J. D.; Choudhury-Mukherjee, I.; Schenck, H. A.; Brown, M. L. Therapeutic approaches targeting prostate cancer progression using novel voltage-gated ion channel blockers. Clin. Prostate Cancer, 2003, 2, 181-187.
209. Rampe, D.; Murawsky, M.K.; Gran, J.; Lewis, E.W. The antipsychotic agent sertindole is a high affinity antagonist of the human cardiac potassium channel HERG. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 1998, 286, 788-793.
210. Yamamura, H.; Ugawa, S.; Ueda, T.; Morita, A.; Shoichi, S. TRPM8 activation suppresses cellular viability in human melanoma. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol., 2008, 295, C296-301.
211. Bödding, M.; Wissenbach, U.; Flockerzi, V. Characterisation of TRPM8 as a pharmacophore receptor. Cell Calcium, 2007, 42, 618-628.
212. Mijatovic, T.; Van Quaquebeke, E.; Delest, B.; Debeir, O.; Darro, F.; Kiss, R. Cardiotonic steroids on the road to anti-cancer therapy. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 2007, 1776, 32-57.
213. Gómez-Varela, D.; Zwick-Wallasch, E.; Knötgen, H.; Sánchez, A.; Hettmann, T.; Ossipov, D.; Weseloh, R.; Contreras-Jurado, C.; Rothe, M.; Stühmer, W.; Pardo, L.A. Monoclonal antibody blockade of the human Eag1 potassium channel function exerts antitumor activity. Cancer Res., 2007, 67, 7343-7349.
214. Hinman, L.M.; Hannann, P.R.; Wallace, R.; Menendez, A.T.; Durr, M.E.; Upeslacis, J. Preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibody conjugates of the calicheamicins: A novel and potent family of antitumor antibiotics. Cancer Res., 1993, 53, 3336-3342.
215. Singh, Y.; Palombo, M.; Sinko, P.J. Recent trends in targeted anticancer prodrug and conjugate design. Curr. Med. Chem., 2008, 15, 1802-1826.
216. + channels in microglia. J. Gen. Physiol., 1998, 111, 781-794.
217. Klionsky, L.; Tamir, R.; Holzinger, B.; Bi, X.; Talvenheimo, J.; Kim, H.; Martin, F.; Louis, J.C.; Treanor, J.J.; Gavva, N.R. A polyclonal antibody to the prepore loop of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 blocks channel activation. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 2006, 319, 192-198.
218. Xu, S.Z.; Zeng, F.; Lei, M.; Li, J.; Gao, B.; Xiong, C.; Sivaprasadarao, A.; Beech, D.J. Generation of functional ion-channel tools by E3 targeting. Nat. Biotechnol., 2005, 23, 1289-1293
219. Martial, S.; Giorgelli, J-L.; Renaudo, A.; Derijard, B.; Soriani, O. SP600125 inhibits Kv channels through a JNK-independent pathway in cancer cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2008, 366, 944-950.
220. Suh, K. S.; Mutoh, M.; Gerdes, M.; Yuspa, S. H. CLIC4, an intracellular chloride channel protein, is a novel molecular target for cancer therapy. J. Investig. Dermatol. Symp. Proc., 2005, 10, 105-109.
221. Mamelak, A. N.; Rosenfeld, S.; Bucholz, R.; Raubitschek, A.; Nabors, L. B.; Fiveash, J. B.; Shen, S.; Khazaeli, M. B.; Colcher, D.; Liu, A.; Osman, M.; Guthrie, B.; Schade-Bijur, S.; Hablitz, D. M.; Alvarez, V. L.; Gonda, M. A. Phase I single-dose study of intracavitary- administered iodine-131-TM-601 in adults with recurrent high-grade glioma. J. Clin. Oncol., 2006, 24, 3644-3650.
222. Ziegler, A. Thermodynamic studies and binding mechanisms of cell-penetrating peptides with lipids and glycosaminoglycans. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 2008, 60, 580-597.
223. Segal, D.M.; Bast, B.J. Production of bispecific antibodies. Curr. Protoc. Immunol., 2001, Chap 2: Unit 2.13.
224. + channels in human leukemic T cells. J. Gen. Physiol., 1992, 99, 63-84.
225. + channels in the human leukemic T cell line, Jurkat. FEBS Lett., 2000, 469, 196-202.
226. Fanger, C.M.; Rauer, H.; Neben, A.L.; Miller, M.J.; Rauer, H.; Wulff, H.; Rosa, J.C.; Ganellin, C.R.; Chandy, K.G.; Cahalan, M.D. Calcium-activated potassium channels sustain calcium signaling in T lymphocytes. Selective blockers and manipulated channel expression levels. J. Biol. Chem., 2001, 276, 12249-12256
227. + channel activity. FEBS Lett., 2004, 569, 191-194.
228. Kazerounian, S.; Pitari, G.M.; Shah, F.J.; Frick, G.S.; Madesh, M.; Ruiz-Stewart, I.; Schulz, S.; Hajnóczky, G.; Waldman, S.A. Proliferative signaling by store-operated calcium channels opposes colon cancer cell cytostasis induced by bacterial enterotoxins. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 2005, 314, 1013-1022.
229. Plummer, H.K. III; Dhar, M.S; Cekanova, M; Schuller, H.M. Expression of G-protein inwardly rectifying potassium channels (GIRKs) in lung cancer cell lines. BMC Cancer, 2005, 5, 104.
230. Meyer, R.; Heinemann, S. H. Characterization of an eag-like potassium channel in human neuroblastoma cells. J. Physiol., 1998, 508, 49-56.
231. av 1.7 voltage-gated sodium channel gene (SCN9A). Mol. Cell Neurosci., 2008, 37, 537-547.
232. + channels identification in human breast carcinoma cells: involvement in cell proliferation. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2000, 278, 272-277.
233. + channel modulators on human prostate cancer cell proliferation. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 2003, 471, 157-164.
234. + channel, a regulator of tumor cell apoptosis and proliferation. Cancer Res., 2002, 62, 4843-4848.
235. + channel axis is suppressed in cancer and its normalization promotes apoptosis and inhibits cancer growth. Cancer Cell, 2007, 11, 37-51.
236. + ion channel blockers. J. Neurosci., 1999, 19, 5942-5954.
237. + channels inhibits progression of human endometrial cancer. Oncogene, 2007, 26, 5107-5114.
238. + channels inhibit human pancreatic cancer cell growth in vitro. Mol. Pharmacol., 2004, 65, 630-638.
239. Bloch, M.; Ousingsawat, J.; Simon, R.; Schraml, P.; Gasser, T. C.; Mihatsch, M. J.; Kunzelmann, K.; Bubendorf, L. KCNMA1 gene amplification promotes tumor cell proliferation in human prostate cancer. Oncogene, 2007, 26, 2525-2534.
240. Lastraioli, E.; Gasperi Campani, F.; Taddei, A.; Giani, I.; Messerini, L.; Comin, C.E.; Tomezzoli, A.; Saragoni, L.; Zoli, W.; Morgagni, P.; De Manzoni, G.; Bechi, P.; Arcangeli, A. hERG1 channels are overexpresed in human gastric cancer and their activity regulates cell proliferation: A novel prognostic and therapeutic target? In: Proc. 6th International Gastric Cancer Congress IGCC, 2005, 151.
241. + channels in human prostate cancer cell lines and their contribution to invasion in vitro. Am. J. Pathol., 1997, 150, 1213-1221.