Effects of Hosting a Sport Event on Destination Brand: A Test of Co-branding and Match-up Models

Sport Management Review

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 49-78

  Xing, Xiaoyan ^a   Chalip, Laurence ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS   (United States)

Author keywords

co branding; destination branding; destination image; match up hypothesis; sport events

Indexed keywords

EID: 51749098018     PISSN: 14413523     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1441-3523(06)70019-5     Document Type: Article

References (95)

1. Aaker J. Dimensions of brand personality. Journal of Marketing Research 34 (1997) 347-356
2. Ahmed Z.U. The need for the identification of the constituents of a destination's tourism image: A promotion segmentation perspective. Journal of Professional Services Marketing 14 (1996) 37-58
3. Andreu L., Bigne J., and Cooper C. Projected and perceived image of Spain as a tourist destination for British travelers. Journal of Travel and Tourism Management 9 (2000) 47-67
4. Baloglu S., and Brinberg D. Affective images of tourism destination. Journal of Travel Research 35 4 (1997) 11-15
5. Baloglu S., and McCleary K.W. A model of destination image formation. Annals of Tourism Research 26 (1999) 868-897
6. Baumgarth C. Evaluations of co-brands and spill-over effects: Further empirical results. Journal of Marketing Communications 10 (2004) 115-131
7. Beerli A., and Martin J. Factors influencing destination image. Annals of Tourism Research 31 (2004) 657-681
8. Bigné E., Sánchez I., and Sánchez J. Tourism image, evaluation variables and after purchase behavior: Inter-relationship. Tourism Management 22 (2001) 607-616
9. Bojanic D.C. The use of advertising in managing destination image. Tourism Management 12 (1991) 352-355
10. Boland R., Singh J., Salipante P., Aram J., Fay S., and Kanawattanachai P. Knowledge presentations and knowledge transfer. Academy of Management Journal 44 (2001) 393-417
11. Bramwell B. Strategic planning before and after a mega-event. Tourism Management 18 (1997) 167-176
12. Brown G., Chalip L., Jago L., and Mules T. Developing brand Australia: Examining the role of events. In: Morgan N., Pritchard A., and Pride R. (Eds). Destination branding: Creating the unique destination proposition. 2nd ed. (2004), Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK 279-305
13. Burbank M., Andranovich G., and Heying C. Olympic Dreams: The impact of mega-events on local politics (2001), L. Rienner Publishers, Boulder, CO
14. Chalip L. Sport and tourism: Capitalizing on the linkage. In: Kluka D., and Schilling G. (Eds). The business of sport (2001), Meyer & Meyer, Oxford, UK 77-89
15. Chalip L. Beyond impact: A general model for sport event leverage. In: Ritchie B.W., and Adair D. (Eds). Sport tourism: Interrelationships, impacts and issues (2004), Channel View Publications, Clevedon, UK 226-252
16. Chalip L. Marketing media and place promotion. In: Higham J. (Ed). Sport tourism destinations: Issues, opportunities and analysis (2005), Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands 162-176
17. Chalip L., Green B.C., and Hill B. Effects of sport event media on destination image and intention to visit. Journal of Sport Management 17 (2003) 214-234
18. Chaudhary M. India's image as a tourist destination: A perspective of foreign tourists. Tourism Management 21 (2000) 293-297
19. Chon K.-S. Tourism destination image modification process: Marketing implications. Tourism Management 12 (1991) 68-72
20. Cobb C., and Hoyer W. The influence of advertising at the moment of brand choice. Journal of Advertising 14 4 (1985) 5-13
21. Crompton J. An assessment of the image of Mexico as a vacation destination and the influence of geographical location upon that image. Journal of Travel Research 17 4 (1979) 18-23
22. Derbaix C. The impact of affective reactions on attitudes toward the advertisement and the brand: A step toward ecological validity. Journal of Marketing Research 32 (1995) 470-480
23. Debevec K., and Iyer E. The influence of spokespersons in altering a product's gender image: Implications for advetising effectiveness. Journal of Advertising 15 4 (1986) 12-20
24. Dellaert B., Borgers A., and Timmermans H. A day in the city: Using conjoint choice experiments to model urban tourists' choice of activity packages. Tourism Management 16 (1995) 347-353
25. Dietz-Uhler B., Harrick E.A., End C., and Jacquemotte L. Sex difference in sport fan behavior and reasons for being a sport fan. Journal of Sport Behavior 23 (2000) 219-233
26. Dodds W.B., Monroe K.B., and Grewal D. The effects of price, brand, and store information on buyers' product evaluations. Journal of Marketing Research 28 (1991) 307-319
27. Donthu N., and Cherian J. Factors influencing recall of outdoor advertising. Journal of Advertising Research 33 3 (1993) 64-73
28. Echtner C.M., and Ritchie J.R.B. The meaning and measurement of destination image. Journal of Tourism Studies 2 2 (1991) 2-12
29. Fakeye P.C., and Crompton J.L. Image difference between prospective, first-time, and repeated visitors to the lower Rio Grande Valley. Journal of Travel Research 30 (1991) 10-16
30. Foxall G.R. The emotional texture of consumer environments: A systematic approach to atmospherics. Journal of Economic Psychology 18 (1996) 505-523
31. Foxall G.R., and Greenley G.E. The affective structure of consumer situations. Environment and Behavior 30 (1998) 781-799
32. Foxall G.R., and Greenley G.E. Consumers' emotional response to service environments. Journal of Business Research 46 (1999) 149-158
33. Gallarza M.G., Gil Saura I., and Calderón García H. Destination image: Toward a conceptual framework. Annals of Tourism Research 29 (2002) 56-78
34. Ganz W., and Wenner L.A. Men, women, and sports: Audience experiences and effects. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 35 (1991) 233-244
35. Gartner W. Image formation process. In: Uysal M., and Fesenmaier D.R. (Eds). Communication and channel systems in tourism marketing (1993), Haworth Press, New York 191-215
36. Getz D. Trends, strategies, and issues in sport-event tourism. Sport Marketing Quarterly 7 2 (1998) 8-13
37. Green B.C. Action research in youth soccer: Assessing the acceptability of an alternative program. Journal of Sport Management 11 (1997) 29-44
38. Gunn C. Vacationscape: Designing tourist regions (1972), Bureau of Business Research, University of Texas, Austin, TX
39. Gwinner K.P. A model of image creation and image transfer in event sponsorship. International Marketing Review 14 (1997) 145-158
40. Gwinner K.P., and Eaton J. Building brand image through event sponsorship: The role of image transfer. Journal of Advertising 28 (1999) 47-57
41. Hall C.M. Hallmark tourist events: Impacts, management and planning (1992), Belhaven Press, London, England
42. Jago L., Chalip L., Brown G., Mules T., and Ali S. Building events into destination branding: Insights from experts. Event Management 8 (2003) 3-4
43. James J.D., and Ridinger L.L. Female and male sport fans: A comparison of sport consumption motives. Journal of Sport Behavior 25 (2002) 260-279
44. Jenkins O.H. Understanding and measuring tourist destination images. International Journal of Tourism Research 1 (1999) 1-15
45. Kahle L.R., and Homer P.M. Physical attractiveness of the celebrity endorser: A social adaptation perspective. Journal of Consumer Research 11 (1985) 954-961
46. Kamins M.A. An investigation into the "match-up" hypothesis in celebrity advertising: When beauty may be only skin deep. Journal of Advertising 19 1 (1990) 4-13
47. Keller K.L. Conceptualizing, measuring, and managing customer-based brand equity. Journal of Marketing 57 (1993) 1-22
48. Keller K.L., and Aaker D.A. The effect of sequential introduction of brand extensions. Journal of Marketing Research 29 (1992) 35-50
49. Kempf D., and Laczniak R. Advertising's influence on subsequent product trial processing. Journal of Advertising 30 (2001) 27-39
50. Koernig S.K., and Page A.L. What if your dentist looked like Tom Cruise? Applying the match-up hypothesis to a service encounter. Psychology & Marketing 19 (2002) 91-110
51. Lafferty B., Goldsmith R., and Hult G. The impact of the alliance on the partners: A look at cause-brand alliances. Psychology & Marketing 21 (2004) 509-531
52. LaPage W., and Cormier P. Image of camping-barriers to participation. Journal of Travel Research 15 (1977) 21-25
53. Levin I., and Levin A. Modeling the role of brand alliance in the assimilation of product evaluations. Journal of Consumer Psychology 9 (2000) 43-52
54. Lynch J., and Schuler D. The match-up effect of spokesperson and product congruency: A schema theory interpretation. Psychology & Marketing 11 (1994) 417-445
55. Mazursky D., and Ganzach Y. Does involvement moderate time-dependent biases in consumer multiattribute judgment?. Journal of Business Research 41 (1998) 95-104
56. McDaniel S.R. An investigation of match-up effects in event sponsorship advertising: The implication of consumer advertising schemas. Psychology & Marketing 16 (1999) 163-184
57. McDonald C. Adverting reach and frequency: Maximizing advertising results through effective frequency. 2nd ed. (1996), NTC Business Books, Lincolnwood, IL
58. Mehrabian A. Basic dimensions for a general psychological theory (1980), Oelgeschlager, Gunn & Hain, Cambridge, MS
59. Misra S., and Beatty S.E. Celebrity spokesperson and brand congruency. Journal of Business Research 21 (1990) 159-173
60. Motion J., Leitch S., and Brodie R.J. Equity in corporate co-branding: The case of Adidas and the All Blacks. European Journal of Marketing 37 (2003) 1080-1094
61. Muehling D., and Laczniak R. Advertising's immediate and delayed influence on brand attitudes: Considerations across message-involvement levels. Journal of Advertising 17 4 (1988) 23-35
62. Orlick T.D. An interview schedule design to assess family sports environment. Journal of Sport Psychology 5 (1974) 13-27
63. Osgood C.E., Suci G., and Tannenbaum P.H. The measurement of meaning (1957), University of Illinois Press, Chicago
64. Papatheodorou A. Why people travel to different places. Annals of Tourism Research 28 (2001) 164-179
65. Persson C. The Olympic Games site decision. Tourism Management 23 (2002) 27-36
66. Peterson R., and Gross C. What effect from a single advertising?. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 6 (1978) 222-226
67. Petty R.E., Cacioppo J.T., and Schumann D. Central and peripheral routes to advertising effectiveness: The moderating role of involvement. Journal of Consumer Research 10 (1983) 135-144
68. Pike S., and Ryan C. Destination positioning analysis through a comparison of cognitive, affective, and conative perceptions. Journal of Travel Research 42 (2004) 333-342
69. Rao A.R., and Ruekert R.W. Brand alliances as signal of product quality. Sloan Management Review 36 1 (1994) 87-97
70. Ritchie J., and Crouch G. The competitive destination: a sustainability perspective. Tourism Management 21 (2000) 1-7
71. Ritchie J., and Smith B. The impact of a mega-event on host region awareness: A longitudinal study. Journal of Travel Research 13 2 (1991) 14-20
72. Rosbergen E., and Pieters R. Visual attention to advertising: A segment-level analysis. Journal of Consumer Research 24 (1997) 305-315
73. Roy D.P., and Cornwell T.B. Brand equity's influence on responses to event sponsorships. Journal of Product and Brand Management 12 (2003) 377-393
74. Roy D.P., and Cornwell T.B. The effects of consumer knowledge on responses to event sponsorships. Psychology & Marketing 21 (2004) 185-207
75. Russell J.A. A circumplex model of affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 37 (1980) 1161-1178
76. Russell J.A., and Pratt G. A cross-cultural study of a circumplex model of affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 38 (1980) 311-322
77. Russell J.A., and Snodgrass J. Emotion and environment. In: Stockols D., and Airman I. (Eds). Handbook of environmental psychology (1987), John Wiley & Sons, New York 245-280
78. Russell J.A., Ward L.M., and Pratt G. Affective quality attributed to environments: A factor analytic study. Environment and Behavior 13 (1981) 259-288
79. Schmitt B. Contextual priming of visual information in advertisements. Psychology & Marketing 11 (1994) 1-14
80. Shoval N. A new phase in the competition for the Olympic gold: The London and New York Bids for the 2012 Games. Journal of Urban Affairs 24 (2002) 583-600
81. Simonin B.L., and Ruth J.A. Is a company known by the company it keeps? Assessing the spillover effects of brand alliances on consumer brand attitudes. Journal of Marketing Research 35 (1998) 30-42
82. Smith G. Brand image transfer through sponsorship: A consumer learning perspective. Journal of Marketing Management 20 (2004) 457-474
83. Speed R., and Thompson P. Determinants of sport sponsorship response. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 28 (2000) 226-238
84. Stafford T. Alert or oblivious? Factors underlying consumer responses to marketing stimuli. Psychology & Marketing 17 (2000) 745-760
85. Stewart S.I., and Vogt C.A. A case-based approach to understanding vacation planning. Leisurely Sciences 21 (1999) 79-96
86. Sujan M., and Bettman J. The effects of brand positioning strategies on consumers' brand and category perceptions. Journal of Marketing Research 26 (1989) 454-467
87. Tapachai N., and Waryszak R. An examination of the role of beneficial image in tourist destination selection. Journal of Travel Research 37 (2000) 37-44
88. Till B.D., and Busler M. The match-up hypothesis: Physical attractiveness, expertise, and the role of fit on brand attitude, purchase intent and brand beliefs. Journal of Advertising 29 3 (2000) 1-13
89. Um S., and Crompton J. Attitude determinants in tourism destination choice. Annals of Tourism Research 17 (1990) 432-448
90. Walmsley D.J., and Young M. Evaluative image and tourism: The use of personal constructs to describe the structure of destination image. Journal of Travel Research 36 3 (1998) 65-69
91. Washburn J.H., Till B.D., and Priluck R. Co-branding: Brand equity and trial effects. Journal of Consumer Marketing 17 (2000) 591-604
92. Westerbeek H.M., Turner P., and Ingerson L. Key success factors in bidding for hallmark sporting events. International Marketing Review 19 (2002) 303-322
93. Whittler T.E. Eliciting consumer choice heuristics: Sales representatives' persuasion strategies. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management 14 4 (1994) 41-53
94. Wyer R., and Srull T. Memory and cognition in its social context (1989), Lawrence Erlbaum Associations, Hillsdale, NJ
95. Yi Y. The effect of contextual priming in print advertisement. Journal of Consumer Research 17 (1990) 215-222