메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 533-543

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibitors reach the clinic

Author keywords

Alzheimer's disease; Bipolar disorder; Clinical trials; Diabetes; Drug development; GSK 3; Inhibitors; Lithium; NP 12; Protein kinase

Indexed keywords

2 (2,4 DICHLOROPHENYL) 3 (1 METHYL 3 INDOLYL)MALEIMIDE; 2 (3 CHLORO 4 HYDROXYANILINO) 3 (2 NITROPHENYL)MALEIMIDE; ARA 014418; AZD 1080; CAZPAULLONE; CHIR 99021; CT 20026; CT 98023; DCC 2036; DG 770; GLITAZONE DERIVATIVE; GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE 3; GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE 3 INHIBITOR; HYMENIALDISINE; INDIRUBIN; LITHIUM; MALEIMIDE; MANZAMINE A; MERIDIANINE E; MERIOLIN; NNC 57 0558; NP 12; PALINURIN; PAULLONE DERIVATIVE; PYRAZOLE DERIVATIVE; SESQUITERPENOID; UDA 680; UNINDEXED DRUG; VALPROIC ACID; XD 4000;

EID: 46749128127     PISSN: 13676733     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (83)

References (117)
  • 1
    • 0019026208 scopus 로고
    • Glycogen synthase kinase-3 from rabbit skeletal muscle. Separation from cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase and phosphorylase kinase
    • Embi N, Rylatt DB, Cohen P: Glycogen synthase kinase-3 from rabbit skeletal muscle. Separation from cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase and phosphorylase kinase. Eur J Biochem (1980) 107(2):519-527.
    • (1980) Eur J Biochem , vol.107 , Issue.2 , pp. 519-527
    • Embi, N.1    Rylatt, D.B.2    Cohen, P.3
  • 3
    • 0025286104 scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning and expression of glycogen synthase kinase-3/factor A
    • Woodgett JR: Molecular cloning and expression of glycogen synthase kinase-3/factor A. EMBO J (1990) 9(8):2431-2438.
    • (1990) EMBO J , vol.9 , Issue.8 , pp. 2431-2438
    • Woodgett, J.R.1
  • 4
    • 0035983533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative splicing isoform of tau protein kinase I/glycogen synthase kinase 3β
    • Mukai F, Ishiguro K, Sano Y, Fujita SC. Alternative splicing isoform of tau protein kinase I/glycogen synthase kinase 3β. J Neurochem (2002) 81(5):1073-1083.
    • (2002) J Neurochem , vol.81 , Issue.5 , pp. 1073-1083
    • Mukai, F.1    Ishiguro, K.2    Sano, Y.3    Fujita, S.C.4
  • 5
    • 0037303455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous inhibition of GSK-3α and GSK-3β using hairpin siRNA expression vectors
    • Yu JY, Taylor J, DeRuiter SL, Vojtek AB, Turner DL: Simultaneous inhibition of GSK-3α and GSK-3β using hairpin siRNA expression vectors. Mol Ther (2003) 7(2):228-236.
    • (2003) Mol Ther , vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp. 228-236
    • Yu, J.Y.1    Taylor, J.2    DeRuiter, S.L.3    Vojtek, A.B.4    Turner, D.L.5
  • 6
    • 84889451095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycogen synthase kinase 3: An introductory synopsis
    • Martínez A, Castro A, Medina M Eds, John Wiley & Sons Inc, Hoboken, NJ, USA
    • Woodgett JR: Glycogen synthase kinase 3: An introductory synopsis. In: Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK-3) and its Inhibitors - Drug Discovery and Development. Martínez A, Castro A, Medina M (Eds), John Wiley & Sons Inc, Hoboken, NJ, USA (2006):3-24.
    • (2006) Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK-3) and its Inhibitors - Drug Discovery and Development , pp. 3-24
    • Woodgett, J.R.1
  • 7
    • 0020481918 scopus 로고
    • Multisite phosphorylation of glycogen synthase from rabbit skeletal muscle. Phosphorylation of site 5 by glycogen synthase kinase-5 (casein kinase-II) is a prerequisite for phosphorylation of sites 3 by glycogen synthase kinase-3
    • Picton C, Woodgett J, Hemmings B, Cohen P: Multisite phosphorylation of glycogen synthase from rabbit skeletal muscle. Phosphorylation of site 5 by glycogen synthase kinase-5 (casein kinase-II) is a prerequisite for phosphorylation of sites 3 by glycogen synthase kinase-3. FEBS Lett (1982) 150(1):191-196.
    • (1982) FEBS Lett , vol.150 , Issue.1 , pp. 191-196
    • Picton, C.1    Woodgett, J.2    Hemmings, B.3    Cohen, P.4
  • 8
    • 0020492531 scopus 로고
    • Reconstitution of a Mg-ATP-dependent protein phosphatase and its activation through a phosphorylation mechanism
    • Hemmings BA, Resink TJ, Cohen P: Reconstitution of a Mg-ATP-dependent protein phosphatase and its activation through a phosphorylation mechanism. FEBS Lett (1982) 150(2):319-324.
    • (1982) FEBS Lett , vol.150 , Issue.2 , pp. 319-324
    • Hemmings, B.A.1    Resink, T.J.2    Cohen, P.3
  • 9
    • 0025241896 scopus 로고
    • Ordered multisite protein phosphorylation. Analysis of glycogen synthase kinase 3 action using model peptide substrates
    • Fiol CJ, Wang A, Roeske RW, Roach PJ: Ordered multisite protein phosphorylation. Analysis of glycogen synthase kinase 3 action using model peptide substrates. J Biol Chem (1990) 265(11):6061-6065.
    • (1990) J Biol Chem , vol.265 , Issue.11 , pp. 6061-6065
    • Fiol, C.J.1    Wang, A.2    Roeske, R.W.3    Roach, P.J.4
  • 10
    • 4344619713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase 3
    • Meijer L, Flajolet M, Greengard P: Pharmacological inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase 3. Trends Pharmacol Sci (2004) 25(9):471-480.
    • (2004) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.25 , Issue.9 , pp. 471-480
    • Meijer, L.1    Flajolet, M.2    Greengard, P.3
  • 11
    • 0029587224 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 by insulin mediated by protein kinase B
    • Cross DA, Alessi DR, Cohen P, Andjelkovich M, Hemmings BA: Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 by insulin mediated by protein kinase B. Nature (1995) 378(6559):785-789.
    • (1995) Nature , vol.378 , Issue.6559 , pp. 785-789
    • Cross, D.A.1    Alessi, D.R.2    Cohen, P.3    Andjelkovich, M.4    Hemmings, B.A.5
  • 12
    • 0033546439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphorylation of the transcription factor forkhead family member FKHR by protein kinase B
    • Rena G, Guo S, Cichy SC, Unterman TG, Cohen P: Phosphorylation of the transcription factor forkhead family member FKHR by protein kinase B. J Biol Chem (1999) 274(24):17179-17183.
    • (1999) J Biol Chem , vol.274 , Issue.24 , pp. 17179-17183
    • Rena, G.1    Guo, S.2    Cichy, S.C.3    Unterman, T.G.4    Cohen, P.5
  • 13
    • 0442276554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The glamour and gloom of glycogen synthase kinase-3
    • Jope RS, Johnson GV: The glamour and gloom of glycogen synthase kinase-3. Trends Biochem Sci (2004) 29(2):95-102.
    • (2004) Trends Biochem Sci , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 95-102
    • Jope, R.S.1    Johnson, G.V.2
  • 14
    • 0034461612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclic AMP promotes neuronal survival by phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β
    • Li M, Wang X, Meintzer MK, Laessig T, Birnbaum MJ, Heidenreich KA: Cyclic AMP promotes neuronal survival by phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β. Mol Cell Biol (2000) 20(24):9356-9363.
    • (2000) Mol Cell Biol , vol.20 , Issue.24 , pp. 9356-9363
    • Li, M.1    Wang, X.2    Meintzer, M.K.3    Laessig, T.4    Birnbaum, M.J.5    Heidenreich, K.A.6
  • 15
    • 0036120653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convergence of multiple signaling cascades at glycogen synthase kinase 3: Edg receptor-mediated phosphorylation and inactivation by lysophosphatidic acid through a protein kinase C-dependent intracellular pathway
    • Fang X, Yu S, Tanyi JL, Lu Y, Woodgett JR, Mills GB: Convergence of multiple signaling cascades at glycogen synthase kinase 3: Edg receptor-mediated phosphorylation and inactivation by lysophosphatidic acid through a protein kinase C-dependent intracellular pathway. Mol Cell Biol (2002) 22(7):2099-2110.
    • (2002) Mol Cell Biol , vol.22 , Issue.7 , pp. 2099-2110
    • Fang, X.1    Yu, S.2    Tanyi, J.L.3    Lu, Y.4    Woodgett, J.R.5    Mills, G.B.6
  • 16
    • 0027515127 scopus 로고
    • Inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta by phosphorylation: New kinase connections in insulin and growth-factor signalling
    • Sutherland C, Leighton IA, Cohen P: Inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta by phosphorylation: New kinase connections in insulin and growth-factor signalling. Biochem J (1993) 296(Pt 1):15-19.
    • (1993) Biochem J , vol.296 , Issue.PART 1 , pp. 15-19
    • Sutherland, C.1    Leighton, I.A.2    Cohen, P.3
  • 17
    • 0027475421 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of the glycogen synthase kinase-3 family by tyrosine phosphorylation
    • Hughes K, Nikolakaki E, Plyte SE, Totty NF, Woodgett JR: Modulation of the glycogen synthase kinase-3 family by tyrosine phosphorylation. EMBO J (1993) 12(2):803-808.
    • (1993) EMBO J , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 803-808
    • Hughes, K.1    Nikolakaki, E.2    Plyte, S.E.3    Totty, N.F.4    Woodgett, J.R.5
  • 19
    • 9644276856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GSK-3 phosphorylation of the Alzheimer epitope within collapsin response mediator proteins regulates axon elongation in primary neurons
    • Cole AR, Knebel A, Morrice NA, Robertson LA, Irving AJ, Connolly CN, Sutherland C: GSK-3 phosphorylation of the Alzheimer epitope within collapsin response mediator proteins regulates axon elongation in primary neurons. J Biol Chem (2004) 279(48):50176-50180.
    • (2004) J Biol Chem , vol.279 , Issue.48 , pp. 50176-50180
    • Cole, A.R.1    Knebel, A.2    Morrice, N.A.3    Robertson, L.A.4    Irving, A.J.5    Connolly, C.N.6    Sutherland, C.7
  • 20
    • 34247865533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A chaperone-dependent GSK3β transitional intermediate mediates activation-loop autophosphorylation
    • Lockhead PA, Kinstrie R, Sibbet G, Rawjee T, Morrice N, Cleghon V: A chaperone-dependent GSK3β transitional intermediate mediates activation-loop autophosphorylation. Mol Cell (2006) 24(4):627-633.
    • (2006) Mol Cell , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 627-633
    • Lockhead, P.A.1    Kinstrie, R.2    Sibbet, G.3    Rawjee, T.4    Morrice, N.5    Cleghon, V.6
  • 21
    • 0035875098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal structure of glycogen synthase kinase 3β: Structural basis for phosphate-primed substrate specificity and autoinhibition
    • Dajani R, Fraser E, Roe SM, Young N, Good V, Dale TC, Pearl LH: Crystal structure of glycogen synthase kinase 3β: Structural basis for phosphate-primed substrate specificity and autoinhibition. Cell (2001) 105(6):721-732.
    • (2001) Cell , vol.105 , Issue.6 , pp. 721-732
    • Dajani, R.1    Fraser, E.2    Roe, S.M.3    Young, N.4    Good, V.5    Dale, T.C.6    Pearl, L.H.7
  • 23
    • 1642323740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein kinase inhibitors: Insights into drug design from structure
    • Noble ME, Endicott JA, Johnson LN: Protein kinase inhibitors: Insights into drug design from structure. Science (2004) 303(5665): 1800-1805.
    • (2004) Science , vol.303 , Issue.5665 , pp. 1800-1805
    • Noble, M.E.1    Endicott, J.A.2    Johnson, L.N.3
  • 24
    • 46749138407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The crystal structures of glycogen synthase kinase 3
    • Martínez A, Castro A, Medina M Eds, John Wiley & Sons Inc, Hoboken, NJ, USA
    • ter Haar E: The crystal structures of glycogen synthase kinase 3. In: Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3) and its Inhibitors - Drug Discovery and Development. Martínez A, Castro A, Medina M (Eds), John Wiley & Sons Inc, Hoboken, NJ, USA (2006):61-82.
    • (2006) Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3) and its Inhibitors - Drug Discovery and Development , pp. 61-82
    • ter Haar, E.1
  • 25
    • 36549040859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The selectivity of protein kinase inhibitors: A further update
    • The most recent, comprehensive review of the critical issue of the selectivity of protein kinase inhibitors. A series of 65 compounds were profiled against a panel of 70 to 80 kinases, ••
    • Bain J, Plater L, Elliott M, Shpiro N, Hastie CJ, McLauchlan H, Klevernic I, Arthur JS, Alessi DR, Cohen P: The selectivity of protein kinase inhibitors: A further update. Biochem J (2007) 408(3):297-315. •• The most recent, comprehensive review of the critical issue of the selectivity of protein kinase inhibitors. A series of 65 compounds were profiled against a panel of 70 to 80 kinases.
    • (2007) Biochem J , vol.408 , Issue.3 , pp. 297-315
    • Bain, J.1    Plater, L.2    Elliott, M.3    Shpiro, N.4    Hastie, C.J.5    McLauchlan, H.6    Klevernic, I.7    Arthur, J.S.8    Alessi, D.R.9    Cohen, P.10
  • 26
    • 34548232341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patel DS, Dessalew N, Iqbal P, Bharatam PV: Structure-based approaches in the design of GSK-3 selective inhibitors. Curr Protein Pept Sci (2007) 8(4):352-364. •• A comprehensive review describing structure-based approaches using both molecular docking techniques and X-ray crystal structure information for the design of selective GSK-3 inhibitors.
    • Patel DS, Dessalew N, Iqbal P, Bharatam PV: Structure-based approaches in the design of GSK-3 selective inhibitors. Curr Protein Pept Sci (2007) 8(4):352-364. •• A comprehensive review describing structure-based approaches using both molecular docking techniques and X-ray crystal structure information for the design of selective GSK-3 inhibitors.
  • 27
    • 84889381289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Martínez A, Castro A, Medina M (Eds): Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK-3) and its Inhibitors - Drug Discovery and Development. John Wiley & Sons Inc, Hoboken, NJ, USA (2006). •• The first book devoted entirely to GSK-3. Provides a comprehensive review of the role of GSK-3 in cell biology and physiology, and its identification as a molecular target for several important human pathologies, as well as the discovery and development of potent GSK-3 inhibitors.
    • Martínez A, Castro A, Medina M (Eds): Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK-3) and its Inhibitors - Drug Discovery and Development. John Wiley & Sons Inc, Hoboken, NJ, USA (2006). •• The first book devoted entirely to GSK-3. Provides a comprehensive review of the role of GSK-3 in cell biology and physiology, and its identification as a molecular target for several important human pathologies, as well as the discovery and development of potent GSK-3 inhibitors.
  • 28
    • 0030635495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution, levels, and activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3 in the Alzheimer disease brain
    • Pei JJ, Tanaka T, Tung YC, Braak E, Iqbal K, Grundke-Iqbal I: Distribution, levels, and activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3 in the Alzheimer disease brain. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol (1997) 56(1):70-78.
    • (1997) J Neuropathol Exp Neurol , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 70-78
    • Pei, J.J.1    Tanaka, T.2    Tung, Y.C.3    Braak, E.4    Iqbal, K.5    Grundke-Iqbal, I.6
  • 29
    • 0036942638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The active form of glycogen synthase kinase-3β is associated with granulovacuolar degeneration in neurons in Alzheimer's disease
    • Leroy K, Boutajangout A, Authelet M, Woodgett JR, Anderton BH, Brion JP: The active form of glycogen synthase kinase-3β is associated with granulovacuolar degeneration in neurons in Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol (2002) 103(2):91-99.
    • (2002) Acta Neuropathol , vol.103 , Issue.2 , pp. 91-99
    • Leroy, K.1    Boutajangout, A.2    Authelet, M.3    Woodgett, J.R.4    Anderton, B.H.5    Brion, J.P.6
  • 30
    • 46749123221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medina M: Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) as a molecular target for Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. In: Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Molecular Concepts to Therapeutic Targets. von Bernhardi R, Inestrosa NC (Eds), Nova Science Publishers, Hauppauge, NY, USA (2008):93-110.
    • Medina M: Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) as a molecular target for Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. In: Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Molecular Concepts to Therapeutic Targets. von Bernhardi R, Inestrosa NC (Eds), Nova Science Publishers, Hauppauge, NY, USA (2008):93-110.
  • 31
    • 36148942761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GSK-3 inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease
    • Avila J, Hernández F: GSK-3 inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease. Expert Rev Neurother (2007) 7(11):1527-1533.
    • (2007) Expert Rev Neurother , vol.7 , Issue.11 , pp. 1527-1533
    • Avila, J.1    Hernández, F.2
  • 32
    • 37749047236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muyllaert D, Kremer A, Jaworski T, Borghgraef P, Devijver H, Croes S, Dewatcher I, Van Leuven F: Glycogen synthase kinase-3β, or a link between amyloid and tau pathology? Genes Brain Behav (2008) 7(Suppl 1):57-66. •• A very good review of specific aspects of GSK-3 in the context of recent in vivo data in AD animal models and the potential of GSK-3 as a therapeutic target for AD.
    • Muyllaert D, Kremer A, Jaworski T, Borghgraef P, Devijver H, Croes S, Dewatcher I, Van Leuven F: Glycogen synthase kinase-3β, or a link between amyloid and tau pathology? Genes Brain Behav (2008) 7(Suppl 1):57-66. •• A very good review of specific aspects of GSK-3 in the context of recent in vivo data in AD animal models and the potential of GSK-3 as a therapeutic target for AD.
  • 33
    • 0030044463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure of rat hippocampal neurons to amyloid β peptide (25-35) induces the inactivation of phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinase and the activation of tau protein kinase I/ glycogen synthase kinase-3β
    • Takashima A, Noguchi K, Michel G, Mercken M, Hoshi M, Ishiguro K, Imahori K: Exposure of rat hippocampal neurons to amyloid β peptide (25-35) induces the inactivation of phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinase and the activation of tau protein kinase I/ glycogen synthase kinase-3β. Neurosci Lett (1996) 203(1):33-36.
    • (1996) Neurosci Lett , vol.203 , Issue.1 , pp. 33-36
    • Takashima, A.1    Noguchi, K.2    Michel, G.3    Mercken, M.4    Hoshi, M.5    Ishiguro, K.6    Imahori, K.7
  • 34
    • 0030879686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective phosphorylation of adult tau isoforms in mature hippocampal neurons exposed to fibrillar Aβ
    • Ferreira A, Lu Q, Orecchio L, Kosik KS: Selective phosphorylation of adult tau isoforms in mature hippocampal neurons exposed to fibrillar Aβ. Mol Cell Neurosci (1997) 9(3):220-234.
    • (1997) Mol Cell Neurosci , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 220-234
    • Ferreira, A.1    Lu, Q.2    Orecchio, L.3    Kosik, K.S.4
  • 35
    • 0027240081 scopus 로고
    • Tau protein kinase I is essential for amyloid β-protein-induced neurotoxicity
    • Takashima A, Noguchi K, Sato K, Hoshino T, Imahori K: Tau protein kinase I is essential for amyloid β-protein-induced neurotoxicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (1993) 90(16):7789-7793.
    • (1993) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.90 , Issue.16 , pp. 7789-7793
    • Takashima, A.1    Noguchi, K.2    Sato, K.3    Hoshino, T.4    Imahori, K.5
  • 36
    • 0029417023 scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis and increased generation of reactive oxygen species in Down's syndrome neurons in vitro
    • Busciglio J, Yankner BA: Apoptosis and increased generation of reactive oxygen species in Down's syndrome neurons in vitro. Nature (1995) 378(6559):776-779.
    • (1995) Nature , vol.378 , Issue.6559 , pp. 776-779
    • Busciglio, J.1    Yankner, B.A.2
  • 38
    • 12344306018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a double (amyloid precursor protein-tau) transgenic: Tau phosphorylation and aggregation
    • Pérez M, Ribé E, Rubio A, Lim F, Morán MA, Ramos PG, Ferrer I, Isla MT, Avila J: Characterization of a double (amyloid precursor protein-tau) transgenic: Tau phosphorylation and aggregation. Neuroscience (2005) 130(2):339-347.
    • (2005) Neuroscience , vol.130 , Issue.2 , pp. 339-347
    • Pérez, M.1    Ribé, E.2    Rubio, A.3    Lim, F.4    Morán, M.A.5    Ramos, P.G.6    Ferrer, I.7    Isla, M.T.8    Avila, J.9
  • 39
    • 0038187674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GSK-3α regulates production of Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β peptides
    • Phiel CJ, Wilson CA, Lee VM, Klein PS: GSK-3α regulates production of Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β peptides. Nature (2003) 423(6938):435-439.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.423 , Issue.6938 , pp. 435-439
    • Phiel, C.J.1    Wilson, C.A.2    Lee, V.M.3    Klein, P.S.4
  • 40
    • 33745853091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presenilin-1 is an unprimed glycogen synthase kinase-3β substrate
    • Twomey C, McCarthy JV: Presenilin-1 is an unprimed glycogen synthase kinase-3β substrate. FEBS Lett (2006) 580(17):4015-4020.
    • (2006) FEBS Lett , vol.580 , Issue.17 , pp. 4015-4020
    • Twomey, C.1    McCarthy, J.V.2
  • 41
    • 0030035749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic domain of the amyloid precursor protein by glycogen synthase kinase-3β
    • Aplin AE, Gibb GM, Jacobsen JS, Gallo JM, Anderton BH: In vitro phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic domain of the amyloid precursor protein by glycogen synthase kinase-3β. J Neurochem (1996) 67(2):699-707.
    • (1996) J Neurochem , vol.67 , Issue.2 , pp. 699-707
    • Aplin, A.E.1    Gibb, G.M.2    Jacobsen, J.S.3    Gallo, J.M.4    Anderton, B.H.5
  • 42
    • 33847214486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rockenstein E, Torrance M, Adame A, Mante M, Bar-on P, Rose JB, Crews L, Masliah E: Neuroprotective effects of regulators of the glycogen synthase kinase-3β signaling pathway in a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease are associated with reduced amyloid precursor protein phosphorylation. J Neurosci (2007) 27(8):1981-1991. • Describes an in vivo study demonstrating that modulation of the GSK-3 signaling pathway might also have neuroprotective effects by regulating amyloid precursor protein maturation and processing. This result further supports the notion that GSK-3 might be a suitable target for the treatment of AD.
    • Rockenstein E, Torrance M, Adame A, Mante M, Bar-on P, Rose JB, Crews L, Masliah E: Neuroprotective effects of regulators of the glycogen synthase kinase-3β signaling pathway in a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease are associated with reduced amyloid precursor protein phosphorylation. J Neurosci (2007) 27(8):1981-1991. • Describes an in vivo study demonstrating that modulation of the GSK-3 signaling pathway might also have neuroprotective effects by regulating amyloid precursor protein maturation and processing. This result further supports the notion that GSK-3 might be a suitable target for the treatment of AD.
  • 44
    • 0141705361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • da Cruz e Silva EF, da Cruz e Silva AO: Protein phosphorylation and APP metabolism. Neurochem Res (2003) 28(10):1553-1561.
    • da Cruz e Silva EF, da Cruz e Silva AO: Protein phosphorylation and APP metabolism. Neurochem Res (2003) 28(10):1553-1561.
  • 45
    • 33847113902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LTP inhibits LTD in the hippocampus via regulation of GSK-3β
    • Excellent study demonstrating the critical role that is played by GSK-3 in molecular mechanisms of synaptic plasticity during memory and learning processes, ••
    • Peineau S, Taghibiglou C, Bradley C, Wong TP, Liu L, Lu J, Lo E, Wu D, Saule E, Bouschet T, Matthews P et al: LTP inhibits LTD in the hippocampus via regulation of GSK-3β. Neuron (2007) 53(5):703-717. •• Excellent study demonstrating the critical role that is played by GSK-3 in molecular mechanisms of synaptic plasticity during memory and learning processes.
    • (2007) Neuron , vol.53 , Issue.5 , pp. 703-717
    • Peineau, S.1    Taghibiglou, C.2    Bradley, C.3    Wong, T.P.4    Liu, L.5    Lu, J.6    Lo, E.7    Wu, D.8    Saule, E.9    Bouschet, T.10    Matthews, P.11
  • 46
    • 33846259727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hooper C, Markevich V, Plattner F, Killick R, Schofield E, Engel T, Hernandez F, Anderton B, Rosenblum K, Bliss T, Cooke SF et al: Glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibition is integral to long-term potentiation. Eur J Neurosci (2007) 25(1):81-86. •• Describes an in vivo study that implicates GSK-3 activity regulation during long-term potentiation in the hippocampus, suggesting that GSK-3 dysregulation may be an underlying factor of the cognitive dysfunction in various diseases, such Alzheimer's and other dementias.
    • Hooper C, Markevich V, Plattner F, Killick R, Schofield E, Engel T, Hernandez F, Anderton B, Rosenblum K, Bliss T, Cooke SF et al: Glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibition is integral to long-term potentiation. Eur J Neurosci (2007) 25(1):81-86. •• Describes an in vivo study that implicates GSK-3 activity regulation during long-term potentiation in the hippocampus, suggesting that GSK-3 dysregulation may be an underlying factor of the cognitive dysfunction in various diseases, such Alzheimer's and other dementias.
  • 47
    • 0029776032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A molecular mechanism for the effect of lithium on development
    • Klein PS, Melton DA: A molecular mechanism for the effect of lithium on development. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (1996) 93(16):8455- 8459.
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , Issue.16 , pp. 8455-8459
    • Klein, P.S.1    Melton, D.A.2
  • 48
    • 0033014180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mood-stabilizing agent valproate inhibits the activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3
    • Chen G, Huang LD, Jiang YM, Manji HK: The mood-stabilizing agent valproate inhibits the activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3. J Neurochem (1999) 72(3):1327-1330.
    • (1999) J Neurochem , vol.72 , Issue.3 , pp. 1327-1330
    • Chen, G.1    Huang, L.D.2    Jiang, Y.M.3    Manji, H.K.4
  • 49
    • 35248894933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mechanisms of action of valproate in neuropsychiatric disorders: Can we see the forest for the trees?
    • Rosenberg G: The mechanisms of action of valproate in neuropsychiatric disorders: Can we see the forest for the trees? Cell Mol Life Sci (2007) 64(16):2090-2103.
    • (2007) Cell Mol Life Sci , vol.64 , Issue.16 , pp. 2090-2103
    • Rosenberg, G.1
  • 50
    • 0032947795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-bipolar therapy: Mechanism of action of lithium
    • Jope RS: Anti-bipolar therapy: Mechanism of action of lithium. Mol Psychiatry (1999) 4(2):117-128.
    • (1999) Mol Psychiatry , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. 117-128
    • Jope, R.S.1
  • 51
    • 0033937531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of the mechanism of action of lithium in the brain: Fifty-year update
    • Lenox RH, Hahn CG: Overview of the mechanism of action of lithium in the brain: Fifty-year update. J Clin Psychiatry (2000) 61(Suppl 9):5-15.
    • (2000) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.61 , Issue.SUPPL. 9 , pp. 5-15
    • Lenox, R.H.1    Hahn, C.G.2
  • 52
    • 0036788036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Wnt signaling pathway in bipolar disorder
    • Gould TD, Manji HK: The Wnt signaling pathway in bipolar disorder. Neuroscientist (2002) 8(5):497-511.
    • (2002) Neuroscientist , vol.8 , Issue.5 , pp. 497-511
    • Gould, T.D.1    Manji, H.K.2
  • 53
    • 0029036695 scopus 로고
    • +-inhibited phosphomonoesterase protein family based upon a conserved three-dimensional core structure
    • +-inhibited phosphomonoesterase protein family based upon a conserved three-dimensional core structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (1995) 92(11):5149-5153.
    • (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.92 , Issue.11 , pp. 5149-5153
    • York, J.D.1    Ponder, J.W.2    Majerus, P.W.3
  • 54
    • 0017861963 scopus 로고
    • The binding of lithium and of anionic metabolites to phosphoglucomutase
    • Ray WJ Jr, Szymanki ES, Ng L: The binding of lithium and of anionic metabolites to phosphoglucomutase. Biochim Biophys Acta (1978) 522(2):434-442.
    • (1978) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.522 , Issue.2 , pp. 434-442
    • Ray Jr, W.J.1    Szymanki, E.S.2    Ng, L.3
  • 55
    • 0030449964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lithium inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3 activity and mimics wingless signalling in intact cells
    • Stambolic V, Ruel L, Woodgett JR: Lithium inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3 activity and mimics wingless signalling in intact cells. Curr Biol (1996) 6(12):1664-1668.
    • (1996) Curr Biol , vol.6 , Issue.12 , pp. 1664-1668
    • Stambolic, V.1    Ruel, L.2    Woodgett, J.R.3
  • 56
    • 0035875483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2+ concentration and inhibition of NMDA responses in cultured rat neurons
    • 2+ concentration and inhibition of NMDA responses in cultured rat neurons. J Physiol (2001) 533(Pt 3):729-743.
    • (2001) J Physiol , vol.533 , Issue.PART 3 , pp. 729-743
    • Li-Smerin, Y.1    Levitan, E.S.2    Johnson, J.W.3
  • 58
    • 0036103182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycogen synthase kinase-3β, mood stabilizers, and neuroprotection
    • Li X, Bijur GN, Jope RS: Glycogen synthase kinase-3β, mood stabilizers, and neuroprotection. Bipolar Disord (2002) 4(2):137-144.
    • (2002) Bipolar Disord , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. 137-144
    • Li, X.1    Bijur, G.N.2    Jope, R.S.3
  • 59
    • 34548012115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GSK-3 is a viable potential target for therapeutic intervention in bipolar disorder
    • Rowe MK, Wiest C, Chuang DM: GSK-3 is a viable potential target for therapeutic intervention in bipolar disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev (2007) 31(6):920-931.
    • (2007) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.31 , Issue.6 , pp. 920-931
    • Rowe, M.K.1    Wiest, C.2    Chuang, D.M.3
  • 60
    • 0028832387 scopus 로고
    • Dysfunction of protein kinase FA/GSK-3α in lymphocytes of patients with schizophrenic disorder
    • Yang SD, Yu JS, Lee TT, Yang CC, Ni MH, Yang YY: Dysfunction of protein kinase FA/GSK-3α in lymphocytes of patients with schizophrenic disorder. J Cell Biochem (1995) 59(1):108-116.
    • (1995) J Cell Biochem , vol.59 , Issue.1 , pp. 108-116
    • Yang, S.D.1    Yu, J.S.2    Lee, T.T.3    Yang, C.C.4    Ni, M.H.5    Yang, Y.Y.6
  • 61
    • 0033625098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low GSK-3β immunoreactivity in postmortem frontal cortex of schizophrenic patients
    • Kozlovsky N, Belmaker RH, Agam G: Low GSK-3β immunoreactivity in postmortem frontal cortex of schizophrenic patients. Am J Psychiatry (2000) 157(5):831-833.
    • (2000) Am J Psychiatry , vol.157 , Issue.5 , pp. 831-833
    • Kozlovsky, N.1    Belmaker, R.H.2    Agam, G.3
  • 63
    • 34250818767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lithium reduces tau phosphorylation but not Aβ or working memory deficits in a transgenic model with both plaques and tangles
    • Caccamo A, Oddo S, Tran LX, LaFerla FM: Lithium reduces tau phosphorylation but not Aβ or working memory deficits in a transgenic model with both plaques and tangles. Am J Pathol (2007) 170(5):1669-1675.
    • (2007) Am J Pathol , vol.170 , Issue.5 , pp. 1669-1675
    • Caccamo, A.1    Oddo, S.2    Tran, L.X.3    LaFerla, F.M.4
  • 64
    • 0032557889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effects of chronic lithium on focal cerebral ischemia in rats
    • Nonaka S, Chuang DM: Neuroprotective effects of chronic lithium on focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Neuroreport (1998) 9(9):2081-2084.
    • (1998) Neuroreport , vol.9 , Issue.9 , pp. 2081-2084
    • Nonaka, S.1    Chuang, D.M.2
  • 68
    • 50249112166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Martinez A: Preclinical efficacy on GSK-3 inhibitors: Towards a future generation of powerful drugs. Med Res Rev (2008): epublished ahead of print. DOI:10.1002/med.20119.
    • Martinez A: Preclinical efficacy on GSK-3 inhibitors: Towards a future generation of powerful drugs. Med Res Rev (2008): epublished ahead of print. DOI:10.1002/med.20119.
  • 70
    • 0035808457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indirubins inhibit glycogen synthase kinase-3β and CDK5/p25, two protein kinases involved in abnormal tau phosphorylation in Alzheimer's disease. A property common to most cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors?
    • Leclerc S, Garnier M, Hoessel R, Marko D, Bibb JA, Snyder GL, Greengard P, Biernat J, Wu YZ, Mandelkow EM, Eisenbrand G et al: Indirubins inhibit glycogen synthase kinase-3β and CDK5/p25, two protein kinases involved in abnormal tau phosphorylation in Alzheimer's disease. A property common to most cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors? J Biol Chem (2001) 276(1):251-260.
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , Issue.1 , pp. 251-260
    • Leclerc, S.1    Garnier, M.2    Hoessel, R.3    Marko, D.4    Bibb, J.A.5    Snyder, G.L.6    Greengard, P.7    Biernat, J.8    Wu, Y.Z.9    Mandelkow, E.M.10    Eisenbrand, G.11
  • 75
    • 0037075791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First non-ATP competitive glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) inhibitors: Thiadiazolidinones (TDZD) as potential drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
    • Martinez A, Alonso M, Castro A, Pérez C, Moreno FJ: First non-ATP competitive glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) inhibitors: Thiadiazolidinones (TDZD) as potential drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. J Med Chem (2002) 45(6):1292-1299.
    • (2002) J Med Chem , vol.45 , Issue.6 , pp. 1292-1299
    • Martinez, A.1    Alonso, M.2    Castro, A.3    Pérez, C.4    Moreno, F.J.5
  • 76
    • 28544449332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SAR and 3D-QSAR studies on thiadiazolidinone derivatives: Exploration of structural requirements for glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitors
    • Martinez A, Alonso M, Castro A, Dorronsoro I, Gelpí JL, Luque FJ, Pérez C, Moreno FJ. SAR and 3D-QSAR studies on thiadiazolidinone derivatives: Exploration of structural requirements for glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitors. J Med Chem (2005) 48(23):7103-7112.
    • (2005) J Med Chem , vol.48 , Issue.23 , pp. 7103-7112
    • Martinez, A.1    Alonso, M.2    Castro, A.3    Dorronsoro, I.4    Gelpí, J.L.5    Luque, F.J.6    Pérez, C.7    Moreno, F.J.8
  • 77
    • 0032511194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GBP, an inhibitor of GSK-3, is implicated in Xenopus development and oncogenesis
    • Yost C, Farr GH III, Pierce SB, Ferkey DM, Chen MM, Kimelman D: GBP, an inhibitor of GSK-3, is implicated in Xenopus development and oncogenesis. Cell (1998) 93(6):1031-1041.
    • (1998) Cell , vol.93 , Issue.6 , pp. 1031-1041
    • Yost, C.1    Farr III, G.H.2    Pierce, S.B.3    Ferkey, D.M.4    Chen, M.M.5    Kimelman, D.6
  • 78
    • 29244456731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term treatment with novel glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor improves glucose homeostasis in ob/ob mice: Molecular characterization in liver and muscle
    • Kaidanovich-Beilin O, Eldar-Finkelman H: Long-term treatment with novel glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor improves glucose homeostasis in ob/ob mice: Molecular characterization in liver and muscle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther (2006) 316(1):17-24.
    • (2006) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.316 , Issue.1 , pp. 17-24
    • Kaidanovich-Beilin, O.1    Eldar-Finkelman, H.2
  • 79
    • 0036799220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3: Future therapy for unmet medical needs?
    • Dorronsoro I, Castro A, Martinez A: Inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3: Future therapy for unmet medical needs? Expert Opin Ther Patents (2002) 12(10):1527-1536.
    • (2002) Expert Opin Ther Patents , vol.12 , Issue.10 , pp. 1527-1536
    • Dorronsoro, I.1    Castro, A.2    Martinez, A.3
  • 80
    • 1842588303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery and development of GSK3 inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes
    • Wagman AS, Johnson KW, Bussiere DE: Discovery and development of GSK3 inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Curr Pharm Des (2004) 10(10):1105-1137.
    • (2004) Curr Pharm Des , vol.10 , Issue.10 , pp. 1105-1137
    • Wagman, A.S.1    Johnson, K.W.2    Bussiere, D.E.3
  • 81
    • 33745870108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic selective glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibition enhances glucose disposal and muscle insulin action in prediabetic obese Zucker rats
    • Dokken BB, Henriksen EJ: Chronic selective glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibition enhances glucose disposal and muscle insulin action in prediabetic obese Zucker rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab (2006) 291(2):E207-E213.
    • (2006) Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab , vol.291 , Issue.2
    • Dokken, B.B.1    Henriksen, E.J.2
  • 82
    • 30044444251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycogen synthase kinase-3 is an in vivo regulator of hematopoietic stem cell repopulation
    • Trowbridge JJ, Xenocostas A, Moon RT, Bhatia M: Glycogen synthase kinase-3 is an in vivo regulator of hematopoietic stem cell repopulation. Nat Med (2006) 12(1):89-98.
    • (2006) Nat Med , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 89-98
    • Trowbridge, J.J.1    Xenocostas, A.2    Moon, R.T.3    Bhatia, M.4
  • 84
    • 34547940516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eom TY, Roth KA, Jope RS: Neural precursor cells are protected from apoptosis induced by trophic factor withdrawal or genotoxic stress by inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase 3. J Biol Chem (2007) 282(31):22856-22864. •• Apoptosis of neural precursor cells induced by trophic factor withdrawal or genotoxic stress can be reversed by GSK-3 inhibitors. Mechanisms controlling neural precursor cell survival are critical during brain development, for neuron replenishment in adults and for neuron replacement after transplantation.
    • Eom TY, Roth KA, Jope RS: Neural precursor cells are protected from apoptosis induced by trophic factor withdrawal or genotoxic stress by inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase 3. J Biol Chem (2007) 282(31):22856-22864. •• Apoptosis of neural precursor cells induced by trophic factor withdrawal or genotoxic stress can be reversed by GSK-3 inhibitors. Mechanisms controlling neural precursor cell survival are critical during brain development, for neuron replenishment in adults and for neuron replacement after transplantation.
  • 85
    • 46749132845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3-Amino pyrazoles as potent and selective glycogen kinase synthase 3 (GSK-3) inhibitors
    • Martínez A, Castro A, Medina M Eds, John Wiley & Sons Inc, Hoboken, NJ, USA
    • Witherington J: 3-Amino pyrazoles as potent and selective glycogen kinase synthase 3 (GSK-3) inhibitors. In: Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3) and its Inhibitors - Drug Discovery and Development. Martínez A, Castro A, Medina M (Eds), John Wiley & Sons Inc, Hoboken, NJ, USA (2006):281-306.
    • (2006) Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3) and its Inhibitors - Drug Discovery and Development , pp. 281-306
    • Witherington, J.1
  • 86
    • 10644255687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AR-A014418, a selective GSK-3 inhibitor, produces antidepressant-like effects in the forced swim test
    • Gould TD, Einat H, Bhat R, Manji HK: AR-A014418, a selective GSK-3 inhibitor, produces antidepressant-like effects in the forced swim test. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol (2004) 7(4):387-390.
    • (2004) Int J Neuropsychopharmacol , vol.7 , Issue.4 , pp. 387-390
    • Gould, T.D.1    Einat, H.2    Bhat, R.3    Manji, H.K.4
  • 87
    • 33646483645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Highly potent and speci?c GSK-3βinhibitors that block tau phosphorylation and decrease α-synuclein protein expression in a cellular model of Parkinson's disease
    • Kozikowski AP, Gaisina IN, Petukhov PA, Sridhar J, King LT, Blond SY, Duka T, Rusnak M, Sidhu A: Highly potent and speci?c GSK-3βinhibitors that block tau phosphorylation and decrease α-synuclein protein expression in a cellular model of Parkinson's disease. Chem Med Chem (2006) 1(2):256-266.
    • (2006) Chem Med Chem , vol.1 , Issue.2 , pp. 256-266
    • Kozikowski, A.P.1    Gaisina, I.N.2    Petukhov, P.A.3    Sridhar, J.4    King, L.T.5    Blond, S.Y.6    Duka, T.7    Rusnak, M.8    Sidhu, A.9
  • 88
    • 33847015690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetes abolishes morphine-induced cardioprotection via multiple pathways upstream of glycogen synthase kinase 3β
    • Gross ER, Hsu AK, Gross GJ: Diabetes abolishes morphine-induced cardioprotection via multiple pathways upstream of glycogen synthase kinase 3β. Diabetes (2007) 56(1):127-136.
    • (2007) Diabetes , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 127-136
    • Gross, E.R.1    Hsu, A.K.2    Gross, G.J.3
  • 89
    • 3242766018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Engler TA, Henry JR, Malhotra S, Cunningham B, Furness K, Brozinick J, Burkholder TP, Clay MP, Clayton J, Diefenbacher C, Hawkins E et al: Substituted 3-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl-4-(1,2,3,4- tetrahydro-[1,4]diazepino-[6,7,1-hi]indol-7-yl)pyrrole-2, 5-diones as highly selective and potent inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3. J Med Chem (2004) 47(16):3934-3947.
    • Engler TA, Henry JR, Malhotra S, Cunningham B, Furness K, Brozinick J, Burkholder TP, Clay MP, Clayton J, Diefenbacher C, Hawkins E et al: Substituted 3-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl-4-(1,2,3,4- tetrahydro-[1,4]diazepino-[6,7,1-hi]indol-7-yl)pyrrole-2, 5-diones as highly selective and potent inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3. J Med Chem (2004) 47(16):3934-3947.
  • 90
    • 33646414025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kulkarni NH, Onyia JE, Zeng Q, Tian X, Liu M, Halladay DL, Frolik CA, Engler T, Wei T, Kriauciunas A, Martin TJ et al: Orally bioavailable GSK-3α/β dual inhibitor increases markers of cellular differentiation in vitro and bone mass in vivo. J Bone Miner Res (2006) 21(6):910-920.
    • Kulkarni NH, Onyia JE, Zeng Q, Tian X, Liu M, Halladay DL, Frolik CA, Engler T, Wei T, Kriauciunas A, Martin TJ et al: Orally bioavailable GSK-3α/β dual inhibitor increases markers of cellular differentiation in vitro and bone mass in vivo. J Bone Miner Res (2006) 21(6):910-920.
  • 91
  • 92
    • 9444257518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) mediates 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal death
    • Chen G, Bower KA, Ma C, Fang S, Thiele CJ, Luo J: Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) mediates 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal death. FASEB J (2004) 18(10):1162-1164.
    • (2004) FASEB J , vol.18 , Issue.10 , pp. 1162-1164
    • Chen, G.1    Bower, K.A.2    Ma, C.3    Fang, S.4    Thiele, C.J.5    Luo, J.6
  • 93
    • 20444398490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of inflammatory response in neuronal cells in vitro by thiadiazolidinones derivatives through peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ activation
    • Luna-Medina R, Cortes-Canteli M, Alonso M, Santos A, Martínez A, Perez-Castillo A: Regulation of inflammatory response in neuronal cells in vitro by thiadiazolidinones derivatives through peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ activation. J Biol Chem (2005) 280(22):21453-21462.
    • (2005) J Biol Chem , vol.280 , Issue.22 , pp. 21453-21462
    • Luna-Medina, R.1    Cortes-Canteli, M.2    Alonso, M.3    Santos, A.4    Martínez, A.5    Perez-Castillo, A.6
  • 94
    • 39649085170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid and selective death of leukemia stem and progenitor cells induced by the compound 4-benzyl, 2-methyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolidine, 3,5 dione (TDZD-8)
    • Guzman ML, Li X, Corbett CA, Rossi RM, Bushnell T, Liesveld JL, Hébert J, Young F, Jordan CT: Rapid and selective death of leukemia stem and progenitor cells induced by the compound 4-benzyl, 2-methyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolidine, 3,5 dione (TDZD-8). Blood (2007) 110(13):4436-4444.
    • (2007) Blood , vol.110 , Issue.13 , pp. 4436-4444
    • Guzman, M.L.1    Li, X.2    Corbett, C.A.3    Rossi, R.M.4    Bushnell, T.5    Liesveld, J.L.6    Hébert, J.7    Young, F.8    Jordan, C.T.9
  • 95
    • 33846225968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycogen synthase kinase 3β as a target for the therapy of shock and inflammation
    • Very good review which presents the latest studies describing the effects of GSK-3 inhibition as a potential target for the therapy of diseases associated with inflammation, ischemia/reperfusion and shock, •
    • Dugo L, Collin M, Thiemermann C: Glycogen synthase kinase 3β as a target for the therapy of shock and inflammation. Shock (2007) 27(2):113-123. • Very good review which presents the latest studies describing the effects of GSK-3 inhibition as a potential target for the therapy of diseases associated with inflammation, ischemia/reperfusion and shock.
    • (2007) Shock , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 113-123
    • Dugo, L.1    Collin, M.2    Thiemermann, C.3
  • 96
    • 34250615440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NP031112, a thiadiazolidinone compound, prevents inflammation and neurodegeneration under excitotoxic conditions: Potential therapeutic role in brain disorders
    • Luna-Medina R, Cortes-Canteli M, Sanchez-Galiano S, Morales-Garcia JA, Martinez A, Santos A, Perez-Castillo A: NP031112, a thiadiazolidinone compound, prevents inflammation and neurodegeneration under excitotoxic conditions: Potential therapeutic role in brain disorders. J Neurosci (2007) 27(21):5766-5776.
    • (2007) J Neurosci , vol.27 , Issue.21 , pp. 5766-5776
    • Luna-Medina, R.1    Cortes-Canteli, M.2    Sanchez-Galiano, S.3    Morales-Garcia, J.A.4    Martinez, A.5    Santos, A.6    Perez-Castillo, A.7
  • 99
    • 79951673475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marine compounds as a new source for glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitors
    • Martínez A, Castro A, Medina M Eds, John Wiley & Sons Inc, Hoboken, NJ, USA
    • Alonso D, Martinez A: Marine compounds as a new source for glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitors. In: Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3) and its Inhibitors - Drug Discovery and Development. Martínez A, Castro A, Medina M (Eds), John Wiley & Sons Inc, Hoboken, NJ, USA (2006):307-331.
    • (2006) Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3) and its Inhibitors - Drug Discovery and Development , pp. 307-331
    • Alonso, D.1    Martinez, A.2
  • 100
    • 35348906081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hamann M, Alonso D, Martín-Aparicio E, Fuertes A, Pérez-Puerto MJ, Castro A, Morales S, Navarro ML, Del Monte-Millán M, Medina M, Pennaka H et al: Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibitory activity and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of the manzamine alkaloids. Potential for Alzheimer's disease. J Nat Prod (2007) 70(9):1397-1405.
    • Hamann M, Alonso D, Martín-Aparicio E, Fuertes A, Pérez-Puerto MJ, Castro A, Morales S, Navarro ML, Del Monte-Millán M, Medina M, Pennaka H et al: Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibitory activity and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of the manzamine alkaloids. Potential for Alzheimer's disease. J Nat Prod (2007) 70(9):1397-1405.
  • 102
    • 34547699174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pose prediction accuracy in docking studies and enrichment of actives in the active site of GSK-3β
    • Describes molecular docking studies as a useful tool for the identification of new potential inhibitors, •
    • Gadakar PK, Phukan S, Dattatreya P, Balaji VN: Pose prediction accuracy in docking studies and enrichment of actives in the active site of GSK-3β. J Chem Inf Model (2007) 47(4):1446-1459. • Describes molecular docking studies as a useful tool for the identification of new potential inhibitors.
    • (2007) J Chem Inf Model , vol.47 , Issue.4 , pp. 1446-1459
    • Gadakar, P.K.1    Phukan, S.2    Dattatreya, P.3    Balaji, V.N.4
  • 104
    • 34447503455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Untangling tau hyperphosphorylation in drug design for neurodegenerative diseases
    • Very good review describing progress toward the design of potent, selective CDK5, GSK-3 and ERK2 inhibitors, ••
    • Mazanetz MP, Fischer PM: Untangling tau hyperphosphorylation in drug design for neurodegenerative diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov (2007) 6(6):464-479. •• Very good review describing progress toward the design of potent, selective CDK5, GSK-3 and ERK2 inhibitors.
    • (2007) Nat Rev Drug Discov , vol.6 , Issue.6 , pp. 464-479
    • Mazanetz, M.P.1    Fischer, P.M.2
  • 105
    • 38549128330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel GSK-3β inhibitors from sequential virtual screening
    • Kim HJ, Choo H, Cho YS, No KT, Pae AN: Novel GSK-3β inhibitors from sequential virtual screening. Bioorg Med Chem (2008) 16(2):636-643.
    • (2008) Bioorg Med Chem , vol.16 , Issue.2 , pp. 636-643
    • Kim, H.J.1    Choo, H.2    Cho, Y.S.3    No, K.T.4    Pae, A.N.5
  • 106
    • 34247544379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure based de novo design of novel glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitors
    • Dessalew N, Bharatam PV: Structure based de novo design of novel glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem (2007) 15(11):3728-3736.
    • (2007) Bioorg Med Chem , vol.15 , Issue.11 , pp. 3728-3736
    • Dessalew, N.1    Bharatam, P.V.2
  • 107
    • 33750292050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of potential glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitors using pharmacophore mapping and virtual screening
    • Dessalew N, Bharatam PV: Investigation of potential glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitors using pharmacophore mapping and virtual screening. Chem Biol Drug Des (2006) 68(3):154-165.
    • (2006) Chem Biol Drug Des , vol.68 , Issue.3 , pp. 154-165
    • Dessalew, N.1    Bharatam, P.V.2
  • 108
    • 34447580020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QSAR studies for the pharmacological inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3
    • • Recent review that summarizes the available QSAR information that is useful in the design of new inhibitors
    • Duchowicz PR, Castro EA: QSAR studies for the pharmacological inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3. Med Chem (2007) 3(4):393-417. • Recent review that summarizes the available QSAR information that is useful in the design of new inhibitors.
    • (2007) Med Chem , vol.3 , Issue.4 , pp. 393-417
    • Duchowicz, P.R.1    Castro, E.A.2
  • 109
    • 33846786989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3D-QSAR and molecular docking studies on pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives as glycogen synthase kinase 3β inhibitors
    • Dessalew N, Patel DS, Bharatam PV: 3D-QSAR and molecular docking studies on pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives as glycogen synthase kinase 3β inhibitors. J Mol Graph Model (2007) 25(6):885-895.
    • (2007) J Mol Graph Model , vol.25 , Issue.6 , pp. 885-895
    • Dessalew, N.1    Patel, D.S.2    Bharatam, P.V.3
  • 110
    • 46749138817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
    • Clinical Trials.gov: US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. www.clinicaltrials.gov
  • 111
    • 34548478820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lithium: A novel treatment for Alzheimer's disease?
    • Zhong J, Lee WH: Lithium: A novel treatment for Alzheimer's disease? Exp Opin Drug Saf (2007) 6(4):375-383.
    • (2007) Exp Opin Drug Saf , vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp. 375-383
    • Zhong, J.1    Lee, W.H.2
  • 113
    • 48249096759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MacDonald A, Briggs K, Poppe M, Higgins A, Velayudhan L, Lovestone S: A feasibility and tolerability study of lithium in Alzheimer's disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry (2008): epublished ahead of print. DOI:10.1002/gps.1964. • First published study to assess the safety of prescribing long-term lithium to elderly people with AD. The therapeutic potential of lithium in this pathology is discussed and highlights potential adverse effects, contraindications in the target population and the risk of serious toxicity.
    • MacDonald A, Briggs K, Poppe M, Higgins A, Velayudhan L, Lovestone S: A feasibility and tolerability study of lithium in Alzheimer's disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry (2008): epublished ahead of print. DOI:10.1002/gps.1964. • First published study to assess the safety of prescribing long-term lithium to elderly people with AD. The therapeutic potential of lithium in this pathology is discussed and highlights potential adverse effects, contraindications in the target population and the risk of serious toxicity.
  • 114
    • 46749133272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AstraZeneca, London, UK
    • AstraZeneca pipeline summary: AstraZeneca, London, UK (2008). www.astrazeneca.com/article/511390.aspx
    • (2008) AstraZeneca pipeline summary
  • 116
    • 46749104621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY FUTURE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT LP (Eldar-Finkelman H, Portnoy M): Glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitors. WO-2006054298 (2006).
    • TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY FUTURE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT LP (Eldar-Finkelman H, Portnoy M): Glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitors. WO-2006054298 (2006).
  • 117
    • 46749136939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY (Eldar-Finkelman H): Glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitors. WO-00149709 (2001).
    • TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY (Eldar-Finkelman H): Glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitors. WO-00149709 (2001).


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.