Platelet thrombus formation in flowing blood

Platelets

Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 359-376

  Savage, Brian ^a   Ruggeri, Zaverio M ^a  

^a SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 44849114893     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-012369367-9/50780-1     Document Type: Chapter

References (170)

1. Iannacone M., Sitia G., Isogawa M., et al. Platelets mediate cytotoxic T lymphocyte-induced liver damage. Nat Med 2005, 11:1167-1169.
2. Tangelder G.J., Slaaf D.W., Arts T., et al. Wall shear rate in arterioles in vivo: Least estimates from platelet velocity profiles. Am J Physiol 1988, 254:H1059-H1064.
3. Mailhac A., Badimon J.J., Fallon J.T., et al. Effect of an eccentric severe stenosis on fibrin (ogen) deposition on severely damaged vessel wall in arterial thrombosis. Relative contribution of fibrin (ogen) and platelet. Circulation 1994, 90:988-996.
4. Siegel J.M., Markou C.P., Ku D.N., et al. A scaling law for wall shear rate through an arterial stenosis. J Biomech Eng 1994, 116:446-451.
5. Bluestein D., Niu L., Schoephoerster R.T., et al. Fluid mechanics of arterial stenosis: Relationship to the development of mural thrombus. Ann Biomed Eng 1997, 25:344-356.
6. Ruggeri Z.M., Saldivar E. Platelets, hemostasis and thrombosis. Von Willebrand factor and the mechanisms of platelet function 1998, 1-32. Springer, Berlin. Z.M. Ruggeri (Ed.).
7. Beumer S., Heijnen H.F., Jsseldijk M.J., et al. Platelet adhesion to fibronectin in flow: The importance of von Willebrand factor and glycoprotein Ib. Blood 1995, 86:3452-3460.
8. 2+ ions, shear rate, and platelet membrane glycoproteins. Blood 1992, 79:928-935.
9. Godyna S., Diaz-Ricart M., Argraves W.S. Fibulin-1 mediates platelet adhesion via a bridge of fibrinogen. Blood 1996, 88:2569-2577.
10. Jurk K., Clemetson K.J., de Groot P.G., et al. Thrombospondin-1 mediates platelet adhesion at high shear via glycoprotein Ib (GPIb): An alternative/backup mechanism to von Willebrand factor. FASEB J 2003, 17:1490-1492.
11. Savage B., Saldivar E., Ruggeri Z.M. Initiation of platelet adhesion by arrest onto fibrinogen or translocation on von Willebrand factor. Cell 1996, 84:289-297.
12. Asch E., Podack E. Vitronectin binds to activated human platelets and plays a role in platelet aggregation. J Clin Invest 1990, 85:1372-1378.
13. Zaidi T.N., McIntire L.V., Farrell D.H., et al. Adhesion of platelets to surface-bound fibrinogen under flow. Blood 1996, 88:2967-2972.
14. Savage B., Almus-Jacobs F., Ruggeri Z.M. Specific synergy of multiple substrate-receptor interactions in platelet thrombus formation under flow. Cell 1998, 94:657-666.
15. Andrews R.K., Shen Y., Gardiner E.E., et al. The glycoprotein Ib-IX-V complex in platelet adhesion and signaling. Thromb Haemost 1999, 82:357-364.
16. Rand J.H., Sussman I.I., Gordon R.E., et al. Localization of factor-VIII-related antigen in human vascular subendothelium. Blood 1980, 55:752-756.
17. Sakariassen K.S., Bolhuis P.A., Sixma J.J. Human blood platelet adhesion to artery subendothelium is mediated by factor VIII/von Willebrand factor bound to the subendothelium. Nature 1979, 279:636-638.
18. Stel H.V., Sakariassen K.S., de Groot P.G., et al. Von Willebrand factor in the vessel wall mediates platelet adherence. Blood 1985, 65:85-90.
19. Turitto V.T., Weiss H.J., Zimmerman T.S., et al. Factor VIII/von Willebrand factor in subendothelium mediates platelet adhesion. Blood 1985, 65:823-831.
20. Rand J.H., Patel N.D., Schwartz E., et al. 150-kD von Willebrand Factor binding protein extracted from human vascular subendothelium is type VI collagen. J Clin Invest 1991, 88:253-259.
21. Denis C., Baruch D., Kielty C.M., et al. Localization on von Willebrand factor binding domains to endothelial extracellular matrix and to type VI collagen. Arterioscler Thromb 1993, 13:398-406.
22. Rand J.H., Glanville R.W., Wu X.-X., et al. The significance of subendothelial von Willebrand factor. Thromb Haemost 1997, 78:445-450.
23. Siediecki C.A., Lestini B.J., Kottke-Marchant K., et al. Shear-dependent changes in the three-dimensional structure of human von Willebrand factor. Blood 1996, 88:2939-2950.
24. Sixma J.J., van Zanten G.H., Saelman E.U., et al. Platelet adhesion to collagen. Thromb Haemost 1995, 74:454-459.
25. Mazzucato M., Spessotto P., Masotti A., et al. Identifi cation of domains responsible for von Willebrand factor type VI collagen interaction mediating platelet adhesion under high flow. J Biol Chem 1999, 274:3033-3041.
26. van der Plas R.M., Gomes L., Marquart J.A., et al. Binding of von Willebrand factor to collagen type III: Role of specific amino acids in the collagen binding domain of vWF and effects of neighboring domains. Thromb Haemost 2000, 84:1005-1111.
27. Lankhof H., van Hoeij M., Schiphorst M.E., et al. A3 domain is essential for interaction of von Willebrand factor with collagen type III. Thromb Haemost 1996, 75:950-958.
28. Savage B., Sixma J.J., Ruggeri Z.M. Functional self-association of von Willebrand factor during platelet adhesion under flow. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002, 99:425-430.
29. Arya M., Anvari B., Romo G.M., et al. Ultralarge multimers of von Willebrand factor form spontaneous highstrength bonds with the platelet glycoprotein Ib-IX complex: Studies using optical tweezers. Blood 2002, 99:3971-3977.
30. Mazzucato M., Pradella P., Cozzi M.R., et al. Sequential cytoplasmic calcium signals in a two-stage platelet activation process induced by the glycoprotein Ibα mechanoreceptor. Blood 2002, 100:2793-2800.
31. Kasirer-Friede A., Ware J., Leng L., et al. Lateral clustering of platelet GP Ib-IX complexes leads to up-regulation of the adhesive function of integrin αIibβ3. J Biol Chem 2002, 277:11949-11956.
32. Falati S., Edmead C.E., Poole A.W. Glycoprotein Ib-V-IX, a receptor for von Willebrand factor, couples physically and functionally to the Fc receptor γ-chain, Fyn, and Lyn to activate human platelets. Blood 1999, 94:1648-1656.
33. Wu Y., Suzuki-Inoue K., Satoh K., et al. Role of Fc receptor gamma-chain in platelet glycoprotein Ib-mediated signaling. Blood 2001, 97:3836-3845.
34. Torti M., Bertoni A., Canobbio I., et al. Rap 1B and Rap2B translocation to the cytoskeleton by von Willebrand factor involves FcgammaII receptor-mediated protein tyrosine phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 1999, 274:13690-13697.
35. Sullam P.M., Hyun W.C., Szollosi J., et al. Physical proximity and functional interplay of the glycoprotein Ib-IX-V complex and the Fc receptor FcgammaRIIA on the platelet plasma membrane. J Biol Chem 1998, 273:5331-5336.
36. Watson S.P., Asazuma N., Atkinson B., et al. The role of ITAM-and ITIM-coupled receptors in platelet activation by collagen. Thromb Haemost 2001, 86:276-288.
37. Kasirer-Friede A., Cozzi M.R., Mazzucato M., et al. Signaling through GP Ib-IX-V activates αIIbβ3 independently of other receptors. Blood 2004, 103:3403-3411.
38. Cunningham J.G., Meyer S.C., Fox J.E.B. The cytoplasmic domain of the α-subunit of glycoprotein (GP) Ib mediates attachment of the entire GP Ib-IX complex to the cytoskeleton and regulates von Willebrand factor-induced changes in cell morphology. J Biol Chem 1996, 271:11581-11587.
39. Andrews R.K., Fox J.E.B. Identification of a region in the cytoplasmic domain of the platelet membrane glycoprotein Ib-IX complex that binds to purified actinbinding protein. J Biol Chem 1992, 267:18605-18611.
40. Du X., Harris S.J., Tetaz T.J., et al. Association of a phospholipase A2 (14-3-3 protein) with the platelet glycoprotein Ib-IX complex. J Biol Chem 1994, 269:18287-18290.
41. Gu M., Xi X., Englund G.D., et al. Analysis of the roles of 14-3-3 in the platelet glycoprotein Ib-IX-mediated activation of integrin alpha (IIB) beta (3) using a reconstituted mammalian cell expression model. J Cell Biol 1999, 147:1085-1096.
42. Munday A.D., Berndt M.C., Mitchell C.A. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase forms a complex with platelet membrane glycoprotein Ib-IX-V complex and 14-3-3zeta. Blood 2000, 96:577-584.
43. Feng S., Christodoulides N., Resendiz J.C., et al. Cytoplasmic domains of GpIbalpha and GpIbbeta regulate 14-3-3zeta binding to GpIb/IX/V. Blood 2000, 95:551-557.
44. Nesbitt W.S., Kulkarni S., Giuliano S., et al. Distinct glycoprotein Ib/V/IX and integrin αIibβ3-dependent calcium signals cooperatively regulate platelet adhesion under flow. J Biol Chem 2002, 277:2965-2972.
45. Mazzucato M., Cozzi M.R., Pradella P., et al. Distinct roles of ADP receptors in von Willebrand factormediated platelet signaling and activation under high flow. Blood 2004, 104:3221-3227.
46. Yap C.L., Anderson K.E., Hughan S.C., et al. Essential role for phosphoinositide 3-kinase in shear-dependent signaling between platelet glycoprotein Ib/V/IX and integrin αIIbβ3. Blood 2002, 99:151-158.
47. Goto S., Tamura N., Eto K., et al. Functional signifi cance of adenosine 5.-diphosphate receptor (P2Y12) in platelet activation initiated by binding of von Willebrand factor to platelet Gp Ibα induced by conditions of high shear rate. Circulation 2002, 105:2531-2536.
48. Prockop D.J., Kivirikko K.I. Collagens: Molecular biology, diseases and potentials for therapy. Annu Rev Biochem 1995, 64:403-434.
49. Savage B., Ginsberg M.H., Ruggeri Z.M. Infl uence of fibrillar collagen structure on the mechanisms of platelet thrombus formation under flow. Blood 1999, 94:2704-2715.
50. Ishii T., Asuwa N. Spiraled collagen in the major blood vessels. Mod Pathol 1996, 9:843-848.
51. Kato K., Kanaji T., Russell S., et al. The contribution of glycoprotein VI to stable platelet adhesion and thrombus formation illustrated by targeted gene deletion. Blood 2003, 102:1701-1707.
52. Santoro S.A. Identification of a 160,000 dalton platelet membrane protein that mediates the initial divalent cation-dependent adhesion of platelets to collagen. Cell 1986, 46:913-920.
53. Kunicki T.J., Nugent D.J., Staats S.J., et al. The human fibroblast class II extracellular matrix receptor mediates platelet adhesion to collagen and is identical to the platelet glycoprotein Ia-IIa complex. J Biol Chem 1988, 263:4516-4519.
54. Nieuwenhuis H.K., Akkerman J.W.N., Houdijk W.P.M., et al. Human blood platelets showing no response to collagen fail to express surface glycoprotein Ia. Nature 1985, 318:470-472.
55. Moroi M., Jung S.M., Okuma M., et al. A patient with platelets deficient in glycoprotein VI that lack both collagen-induced aggregation and adhesion. J Clin Invest 1989, 84:1440-1445.
56. Moroi M., Jung S.M., Shinmyozu K., et al. Analysis of platelet adhesion to a collagen-coated surface under flow conditions: Involvement of glycoprotein VI in the platelet adhesion. Blood 1996, 88:2081-2092.
57. Asch A.S., Liu I., Briccetti F.M., et al. Analysis of CD36 binding domains: Ligand specificity controlled by dephosphorylation of an ectodomain. Science 1993, 262:1436-1440.
58. Tandon N.N., Kralisz U., Jamieson G.A. Identifi cation of glycoprotein IV (CD36) as a primary receptor for platelet-collagen adhesion. J Biol Chem 1989, 264:7576-7583.
59. Diaz-Ricart M., Tandon N.N., Carretero M., et al. Platelets lacking functional CD36 (glycoprotein IV) show reduced adhesion to collagen in flowing whole blood. Blood 1993, 82:491-496.
60. Chiang T.M., Rinaldy A., Kang A.H. Cloning, characterization, and functional studies of a nonintegrin platelet receptor for type I collagen. J Biol Chem 1997, 100:514-529.
61. Kehrel B., Kronenberg A., Rauterberg J., et al. Platelets deficient in glycoprotein IIIb aggregate normally to collagens type I and III but not to collagen type V. Blood 1993, 82:3364-3370.
62. Huang M.-M., Bolen J.B., Barnwell J.W., et al. Membrane glycoprotein IC CD36 is physically associated with the Fyn, Lyn, and Yes protein-tyrosine kinases in human platelets. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991, 88:7844-7848.
63. Chiang T.M., Wang Y.B., Kang E.S. Role of the recombinant protein of the platelet receptor for type I collagen in the release of nitric oxide during platelet aggregation. Thromb Res 2000, 100:427-432.
64. Pischel K.D., Bluestein H.G., Woods V.L. Platelet glycoprotein Ia, Ic, and IIa are physicochemically indistinguishable from the very late activation antigens adhesion-related proteins of lymphocytes and other cell types. J Clin Invest 1988, 81:505-513.
65. Kunicki T.J., Orchekowski R., Annis D., et al. Variability of integrin α2β1 activity on human platelets. Blood 1993, 82:2693-2703.
66. Kritzik M., Savage B., Nugent D.J., et al. Nucleotide polymorphisms in the α2 gene define multiple alleles which are associated with differences in platelet α2β1 density. Blood 1998, 92:2382-2388.
67. Watson S.P. Collagen receptor signaling in platelets and megakaryocytes. Thromb Haemost 1999, 82:365-376.
68. Keely P.J., Parise L.V. The α2β1 integrin is a necessary co-receptor for collagen-induced activation of Syk and subsequent phosphorylation of phospholipase Cy2 in platelets. J Biol Chem 1996, 271:26668-26676.
69. Kamiguti A.S., Hay C.R., Zuzel M. Inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation as the result of cleavage of α2β1-integrin by the snake venom metalloproteinase jararhagin. Biochem J 1996, 320:635-641.
70. Kamiguti A.S., Markland F.S., Zhou Q., et al. Proteolytic cleavage of the β1 subunit of platelet α2β1 integrin by the metalloproteinase jararhagin compromises collagen-stimulated phosphorylation of pp72. J Biol Chem 1997, 272:32599-32605.
71. Huang T.-F., Liu C.-Z., Yang S.-H. Aggretin, a novel platelet-aggregation inducer from snake Calloselasma rhodostoma venom, activates phospholipase C by acting as a glycoprotein Ia/IIa agonist. Biochem J 1995, 309:1021-1027.
72. Teng C.M., Ko F.N., Tsai I.H., et al. Trimucytin: A collagen-like aggregating inducer isolated from Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus snake venom. Thromb Haemost 1993, 69:286-292.
73. Coller B.S., Beer J.H., Scudder L.E., et al. Collagen-platelet interactions: Evidence for a direct interaction of collagen with platelet GPIa/IIa and an indirect interaction with platelet GPIIb/IIIa mediated by adhesive proteins. Blood 1989, 74:182-192.
74. Rudd C.E., Janssen O., Cai Y.-C., et al. Two-step TCRz/CD3-CD4 and CD28 signaling in T cells: SH2/SH3 domains, protein-tyrosine and lipid kinases. Immunol Today 1996, 15:225-234.
75. Knight C.G., Morton L.F., Onley D.J., et al. Identification in collagen type I of an integrin α2β1-binding site containing an essential GER sequence. J Biol Chem 1998, 273:33287-33294.
76. Nieswandt B., Watson S.P. Platelet-collagen interaction: Is GPVI the central receptor?. Blood 2003, 102:449-461.
77. Kehrel B., Wierwille S., Clemetson K.J., et al. Glycoprotein VI is a major collagen receptor for platelet activation: It recognizes the platelet-activating quaternary structure of collagen, whereas CD36, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa, and von Willebrand factor do not. Blood 1998, 91:491-499.
78. Blake R.A., Schieven G.L., Watson S.P. Collagen stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of phospholipase Cγ2 but not phospholipase Cγ1 in human platelets. FEBS Lett 1994, 353:212-216.
79. Daniel J.L., Dangelmaier C., Smith J.B. Evidence for a role for tyrosine phosphorylation of phospholipase Cγ2 in collagen-induced platelet cytosolic calcium mobilisation. Biochem J 1994, 302:617-622.
80. Ichinohe T., Takayama H., Ezumi Y., et al. Collagenstimulated activation of Syk but not c-Src is severely compromised in human platelets lacking membrane glycoprotein VI. J Biol Chem 1997, 272:63-68.
81. Yanaga F., Poole A., Asselin J., et al. Syk interacts with tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in human platelets activated by collagen and crosslinking of the FcγIIa receptor. Biochem J 1995, 311:471-478.
82. Poole A., Gibbins J.M., Turner M., et al. The Fc receptor gamma-chain and the tyrosine kinase Syk are essential for activation of mouse platelets by collagen. EMBO J 1997, 16:2333-2341.
83. Tsuji M., Ezumi Y., Arai M., et al. A novel association of Fc receptor γ-chain with glycoprotein VI and their co-expression as a collagen receptor in human platelets. J Biol Chem 1997, 272:23528-23531.
84. Jandrot-Perrus M., Lagrue A.H., Okuma M., et al. Adhesion and activation of human platelets induced by convulxin involves glycoprotein GI and integrin α2β1. J Biol Chem 1997, 272:27035-27041.
85. Polgar J., Clemetson J.M., Kehrel B.E., et al. Platelet activation and signal transduction by convulxin, a C-type lectin from Crotalus durissus terrificus (tropical rattlesnake) venom via the p62/GPVI collagen receptor. J Biol Chem 1997, 272:13576-13583.
86. Morton L.F., Hargreaves P.G., Farndale R.W., et al. Integrin α2β1-independent activation of platelets by simple collagen-like peptides: Collagen tertiary (triplehelical) and quaternary (polymeric) structures are sufficient alone for α2β1-independent platelet reactivity. Biochem J 1995, 306:337-344.
87. Gibbins J.M., Briddon S., Shutes A., et al. The p85subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase associates with the Fc receptor γ-chain and linker for activator T cells (LAT) in platelets stimulated by collagen and convulxin. J Biol Chem 1998, 273:34437-34443.
88. Asselin J., Gibbins J.M., Achison M., et al. A collagen-like peptide stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of syk and phospholipase Cγ2 in platelets independent of the integrin α2β1. Blood 1997, 89:1235-1242.
89. Massberg S., Gawaz M., Gruner S., et al. A crucial role of glycoprotein VI for platelet recruitment to the injured arterial wall in vivo. J Exp Med 2003, 197:41-49.
90. Gralnick H.R., Williams S.B., Coller B.S. Asialo von Willebrand factor interactions with platelets. Interdependence of glycoproteins Ib and IIb/IIIa for binding and aggregation. J Clin Invest 1985, 75:19-25.
91. Weiss H.J., Hawiger J., Ruggeri Z.M., et al. Fibrinogen-independent platelet adhesion and thrombus formation on subendothelium mediated by glycoprotein IIb-IIIa complex at high shear rate. J Clin Invest 1989, 83:288-297.
92. De Marco L., Girolami A., Russell S., et al. Interaction of asialo von Willebrand factor with glycoprotein Ib induces fibrinogen binding to the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex and mediates platelet aggregation. J Clin Invest 1985, 75:1198-1203.
93. Ruggeri Z.M., Fitzgerald G.A., Shattil S.J. Platelet thrombus formation and antiplatelet therapy. Molecular basis of cardio vascular disease: A companion to Braunwald's heart disease 1999, 566-589. W.B. Saunders Company. K.R. Chien, J.L. Breslow, J.M. Leiden, R.D. Rosenberg, C.E. Seidman (Eds.).
94. Offermanns S. The role of heterotrimeric G proteins in platelet activation. Biol Chem 2000, 381:389-396.
95. Fabre J.-E., Nguyen M., Latour A., et al. Decreased platelet aggregation, increased bleeding time and resistance to thromboembolism in P2Y1-deficient mice. Nat Med 1999, 5:1199-1202.
96. Savage B., Cattaneo M., Ruggeri A.M. Mechanisms of platelet aggregation. Curr Opin Hematol 2001, 8:270-276.
97. Hollopeter G., Jantzen H.-M., Vincent D., et al. Identification of the platelet ADP receptor targeted by antithrombotic drugs. Nature 2001, 409:202-206.
98. Nurden A.T., Nurden P. Advantages of fastacting ADP receptor blockade in ischemic heart disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2003, 23:158-159.
99. Turner N.A., Moake J.L., McIntire L.V. Blockade of adenosine diphosphate receptors P2Y12 and P2Y1 is required to inhibit platelet aggregation in whole blood under flow. Blood 2001, 98:3340-3345.
100. Remijn J.A., Wu Y.P., Jeninga E.H., et al. Role of ADP receptor P2Y (12) in platelet adhesion and thrombus formation in flowing blood. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2002, 22:686-691.
101. Dorsam R.T., Kunapuli S.P. Central role of the P2Y12 receptor in platelet activation. J Clin Invest 2004, 113:341-345.
102. Lenain N., Freund M., Leon C., et al. Inhibition of localized thrombosis in P2Y1 deficient mice and rodents treated with MRS2179, a P2Y, receptor antagonist. J Thromb Haemost 2003, 1:1144-1149.
103. Baurand A., Gachet C. The P2Y1 receptor as a target for new antithrombotic drugs: A review of the P2Y1 antagonist MRS-2179. Cardiovasc Drug Rev 2003, 21:67-76.
104. Goto S., Tamura N., Handa S. Effects of adenosine 5-diphosphate (ADP) receptor blockade on platelet aggregation under flow. Blood 2002, 99:4644-4645.
105. Ikeda Y., Handa, M., Kawano, K., et al. The role of von Willebrand Factor and fibrinogen in platelet aggregation under varying shear stress. J Clin Invest 87, 1234-1240.
106. Moake J.L., Turner N.A., Stathopoulos N.A., et al. Shear-induced platelet aggregation can be mediated by vWF released from platelets, as well as by exogenous large or unusually large vWF multimers, requires adenosine diphosphate, and is resistant to aspirin. Blood 1988, 71:1366-1374.
107. Chow T.W., Hellums J.D., Moake J.L., et al. Shear stress-induced von Willebrand factor binding to platelet glycoprotein Ib initiates calcium influx associated with aggregation. Blood 1992, 80:113-120.
108. Monroe D.M., Hoffman M., Roberts H.R. Platelets and thrombin generation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2002, 22:1381-1389.
109. Kahn M.L., Nakanishi-Matsui M., Shapiro M.J., et al. Protease-activated receptors 1 and 4 mediate activation of human platelets by thrombin. J Clin Invest 1999, 103:879-887.
110. Vu T.-K.H., Hung D.T., Wheaton V.I., et al. Molecular cloning of a functional thrombin receptor reveals a novel proteolytic mechanism of receptor activation. Cell 1991, 64:1057-1068.
111. Xu W.-F., Andersen H., Whitmore T.E., et al. Cloning and characterization of human protease-activated receptor 4. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998, 95:6642-6646.
112. Faruqi T.R., Weiss E.J., Shapiro M.J., et al. Structure-function analysis of protease-activated receptor 4 tethered ligand peptides. Determinants of specificity and utility in assays of receptor function. J Biol Chem 2000, 275:19728-19734.
113. Coughlin S.R. Protease-activated receptors in vascular biology. Thromb Haemost 2001, 86:298-307.
114. Shapiro M.J., Weiss E.J., Faruqi T.R., et al. Protease-activated receptors 1 and 4 are shut off with distinct kinetics after activation by thrombin. J Biol Chem 2000, 275:25216-25221.
115. Covic L., Gresser A.L., Kuliopulos A. Biphasic kinetics of activation and signaling for PAR1 and PAR4 thrombin receptors in platelets. Biochemistry 2000, 39:5458-5467.
116. Mazzucato M., De Marco L., Masotti A., et al. Characterization of the initial α-thrombin interaction with glycoprotein Ib α in relation to platelet activation. J Biol Chem 1998, 273:1880-1887.
117. Adam F., Guillin M.C., Jandrot-Perrus M. Glycoprotein Ib-mediated platelet activation. A signalling pathway triggered by thrombin. Eur J Biochem 2003, 270:2959-2970.
118. De Marco L., Mazzucato M., Masotti A., et al. Function of glycoprotein Ibα in platelet activation induced by α-thrombin. J Biol Chem 1991, 266:23776-23783.
119. Celikel R., McClintock R.A., Roberts J.R., et al. Modulation of α-thrombin function by distinct interactions with platelet glycoprotein Ibα. Science 2003, 301:218-221.
120. Dumas J.J., Kumar R., Seehra J., et al. Crystal structure of the GPIbα-thrombin complex essential for platelet aggregation. Science 2003, 301:222-226.
121. Phillips D.R., Poh-Agin P. Platelet plasma membrane glycoproteins. Identification of a proteolytic substrate for thrombin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1977, 75:940-947.
122. Ramakrishnan V., Reeves P.S., DeGuzman F., et al. Increased thrombin responsiveness in platelets from mice lacking glycoprotein V. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999, 96:13336-13341.
123. Ramakrishnan V., DeGuzman F., Bao M., et al. A thrombin receptor function for platelet glycoprotein Ib-IX unmasked by cleavage of glycoprotein V. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001, 98:1823-1828.
124. Klages B., Brandt U., Simon M.I., et al. Activation of G12/G13 results in shape change and Rho/Rho-kinasemediated myosin light chain phosphorylation in mouse platelets. J Cell Biol 1999, 144:745-754.
125. Huang J.S., Ramamurthy S.K., Lin X., et al. Cell signalling through thromboxane A2 receptors. Cell Signal 2004, 16:521-533.
126. Berridge M.J. Inositol trisphosphate and calcium signalling. Nature 1993, 361:315-325.
127. Bauer M., Retzer M., Wilde J.I., et al. Dichotomous regulation of myosin phosphorylation and shape change by Rho-kinase and calcium in intact human platelets. Blood 1999, 94:1665-1672.
128. Alevriadou B.R., Moake J.L., Turner N.A., et al. Real-time analysis of shear-dependent thrombus formation and its blockade by inhibitors of von Willebrand factor binding to platelets. Blood 1993, 81:1263-1276.
129. Barstad R.M., Orvim U., Hamers M.J., et al. Reduced effect of aspirin on thrombus formation at high shear and disturbed laminar blood flow. Thromb Haemost 1996, 75:827-832.
130. Roald H.E., Orvim U., Bakkern I., et al. Modulation of thrombotic responses in moderately stenosed arteries by cigarette smoking and aspirin ingestion. Arterioscler Thromb 1994, 14:617-621.
131. Barstad R.M., Roald H.E., Cui Y., et al. A perfusion chamber developed to investigate thrombus formation and shear profiles in flowing native human blood at the apex of well-defined sciences. Arterioscler Thromb 1994, 14:1984-1991.
132. Born G.V.R. Aggregation of blood platelets by adenosine diphosphate and its reversal. Nature 1962, 194:927-929.
133. Lefkovits J., Plow E.F., Topol E.J. Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors in cardiovascular medicine. N Engl J Med 1995, 332:1553-1559.
134. Peterson D.M., Stathopoulos N.A., Giorgio T.D., et al. Shear-induced platelet aggregation requires von Willebrand factor and platelet membrane glycoproteins Ib and IIb-IIIa. Blood 1987, 69:625-628.
135. Goto S., Ikeda Y., Saldivar E., et al. Distinct mechanisms of platelet aggregation as a consequence of different shearing flow conditions. J Clin Invest 1998, 101:479-486.
136. Ruggeri Z.M., Dent J.A., Saldivar E. Contribution of distinct adhesive interactions to platelet aggregation in flowing blood. Blood 1999, 94:172-178.
137. Goto S., Salomon D.R., Ikeda Y., et al. Characterization of the unique mechanism mediating the shear-dependent binding of soluble von Willebrand factor to platelets. J Biol Chem 1995, 270:23352-23361.
138. Ni H., Denis C.V., Subbarao S., et al. Persistence of platelet thrombus formation in arterioles of mice lacking both von Willebrand factor and fibrinogen. J Clin Invest 2000, 106:385-392.
139. Weiss H.J., Rogers J. Fibrinogen and platelets in the primary arrest of bleeding: Studies in two patients with congenital afibrinogenemia. N Engl J Med 1971, 285:369-374.
140. Nichols W.C., Cooney K.A., Ginsburg D., et al. Von Willebrand disease. Thrombosis and hemorrhage 2003, Vol. 1.:539-559. Philadelphia Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. J. Loscalzo, A.I. Schafer (Eds.).
141. Ni H., Yuen P.S., Papalia J.M., et al. Plasma fibronectin promotes thrombus growth and stability in injured arterioles. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003, 100:2415-2419.
142. Moake J.L. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: the systemic clumping "plague.". Annu Rev Med 2002, 53:75-88.
143. Wagner D.D. The Weibel-Palade body: The storage granule for von Willebrand factor and P-selectin. Thromb Haemost 1993, 70:105-110.
144. Lopez-Fernandez M.F., Ginsberg M.H., Ruggeri Z.M., et al. Multimeric structure of platelet factor VIII/von Willebrand factor. The presence of larger multimers and their reassociation with thrombin-stimulated platelets. Blood 1982, 60:1132-1138.
145. Zimmerman T.S., Dent J.A., Ruggeri Z.M., et al. Subunit composition of plasma von Willebrand factor. Cleavage is present in normal individuals, increased in IIA and IIB von Willebrand disease, but minimal in variants with aberrant structure of individual oligomers (Types IIC, IID and IIE). J Clin Invest 1986, 77:947-951.
146. Levy G.G., Nichols W.C., Lian E.C., et al. Mutations in a member of the ADAMTS gene family cause thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Nature 2001, 413:488-494.
147. Dent J.A., Berkowitz S.D., Ware J., et al. Identi-fi cation of a cleavage site directing the immunochemical detection of molecular abnormalities in type IIA von Willebrand factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990, 87:6306-6310.
148. Dent J.A., Galbusera M., Ruggeri Z.M. Heterogeneity of plasma von Willebrand factor multimers resulting from proteolysis of the constituent subunit. J Clin Invest 1991, 88:774-782.
149. Dong J.-F., Moake J.L., Nolasco L., et al. ADAMTS-13 rapidly cleaves newly secreted ultra-large von Willebrand factor multimers on the endothelial surface under flowing conditions. Blood 2002, 100:4033-4039.
150. Donadelli R., Orje J.N., Capoferri C., et al. Size regulation of von Willebrand factor-mediated platelet thrombi by ADAMTS-13 in flowing blood. Blood 2006, 107:1943-1950.
151. Nesbitt W.S., Giuliano S., Kulkarni S., et al. Intercellular calcium communication regulates platelet aggregation and thrombus growth. J Cell Biol 2003, 160:1151-1161.
152. Goto S., Tamura N., Ishida H., et al. Dependence of platelet thrombus stability on sustained glycoprotein IIb/ IIIa activation through ADP receptor stimulation and cyclic calcium signaling. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006, 47:155-162.
153. Giandomenico G., Dellas C., Czekay R.P., et al. The leptin receptor system of human platelets. J Thromb Haemost 2005, 3:1042-1049.
154. Konstantinides S., Schafer K., Koschnick S., et al. Leptin-dependent platelet aggregation and arterial thrombosis suggests a mechanism for atherothrombotic disease in obesity. J Clin Invest 2001, 108:1533-1540.
155. Konstantinides S., Schafer K., Neels J.G., et al. Inhibition of endogenous leptin protects mice from arterial and venous thrombosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004, 24:2196-2201.
156. Andre P., Prasad K.S., Denis C.V., et al. CD40L stabilizes arterial thrombi by a β3 integrin-dependent mechanism. Nat Med 2002, 8:247-252.
157. Angelillo-Scherrer A., de Frutos P., Aparicio C., et al. Deficiency or inhibition of Gas6 causes platelet dysfunction and protects mice against thrombosis. Nat Med 2001, 7:215-221.
158. Balogh I., Hafizi S., Stenhoff J., et al. Analysis of Gas6 in human platelets and plasma. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005, 25:1280-1286.
159. Gould W.R., Baxi S.M., Schroeder R., et al. Gas6 receptors Axl, Sky and Mer enhance platelet activation and regulate thrombotic responses. J Thromb Haemost 2005, 3:733-741.
160. Prevost N., Woulfe D.S., Jiang H., et al. Eph kinases and ephrins support thrombus growth and stability by regulating integrin outside-in signaling in platelets. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005, 102:9820-9825.
161. Nanda N., Bao B., Lin H., et al. Platelet endothelial aggregation receptor 1 (PEAR1) , a novel epidermal growth factor repeat-containing transmembrane receptor, participates in platelet contact-induced activation. J Biol Chem 2005, 280:24680-24689.
162. Nanda N., Andre P., Bao M., et al. Platelet aggregation induces platelet aggregate stability via SLAM family receptor signaling. Blood 2005, 106:3028-3034.
163. Falati S., Gross P., Merrill-Skoloff G., et al. Realtime in vivo imaging of platelets, tissue factor and fibrin during arterial thrombus formation in the mouse. Nat Med 2002, 8:1175-1180.
164. Mayadas T.N., Johnson R.C., Rayburn H., et al. Leukocyte rolling and extravasation are severely compromised in P selectin-deficient mice. Cell 1993, 74:541-554.
165. Frenette P.S., Johnson R.C., Hynes R.O., et al. Platelets roll on stimulated endothelium in vivo: An interaction mediated by endothelial P-selectin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995, 92:7450-7454.
166. Sim D., Flaumenhaft R., Furie B.C., et al. Interactions of platelets, blood-borne tissue factor, and fibrin during arteriolar thrombus formation in vivo. Microcirculation 2005, 12:301-311.
167. Hrachovinova I., Cambien B., Hafezi-Moghadam A., et al. Interaction of P-selectin and PSGL-1 generates microparticles that correct hemostasis in a mouse model of hemophilia A. Nat Med 2003, 9:1020-1025.
168. Falati S., Liu Q., Gross P., et al. Accumulation of tissue factor into developing thrombi in vivo is dependent upon microparticle P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 and platelet P-selectin. J Exp Med 2003, 197:1585-1598.
169. Renne T., Pozgajova M., Gruner S., et al. Defective thrombus formation in mice lacking coagulation factor XII. J Exp Med 2005, 202:271-281.
170. Konstantinides S., Schafer K., Thinnes T., et al. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and its cofactor vitronectin stabilize arterial thrombi after vascular injury in mice. Circulation 2001, 103:576-583.