Proteinase-activated receptors in the lower urinary tract

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology

Volumn 375, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 1-9

  Moffatt, James D ^a  

^a ROYAL VETERINARY COLLEGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Bladder; Cancer; Proteinase activated receptor; Proteinases

Indexed keywords

ENMD 1068; PROTEINASE ACTIVATED RECEPTOR; PROTEINASE ACTIVATED RECEPTOR 1; RWJ 56110; RWJ 58259; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; YD 3K;

BLADDER CONTRACTION; BLADDER INNERVATION; CANCER GROWTH; CYSTITIS; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; MEDICAL LITERATURE; MEDICAL RESEARCH; METASTASIS; NONHUMAN; PROSTATE CANCER; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; REVIEW; SENSORY NERVE; SMOOTH MUSCLE; URETHRA; URINARY TRACT;

ANIMALS; CYSTITIS; HUMANS; LIGANDS; MALE; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; PEPTIDE HYDROLASES; PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS; RECEPTORS, PROTEINASE-ACTIVATED; URINARY BLADDER;

EID: 33847645880     PISSN: 00281298     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00210-007-0139-9     Document Type: Review

References (78)

1. Abey HT, Fairlie DP, Moffatt JD, Balzary RW, Cocks TM (2006) Protease-activated receptor-2 peptides activate neurokinin-1 receptors in the mouse isolated trachea. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 317(2):598-605
2. Adam RM, Eaton SH, Estrada C, Nimgaonkar A, Shih SC, Smith LE, Kohane IS, Bagli D, Freeman MR (2004) Mechanical stretch is a highly selective regulator of gene expression in human bladder smooth muscle cells. Physiol Genomics 20:36-44
3. Amadesi S, Nie J, Vergnolle N, Cottrell GS, Grady EF, Trevisani M, Manni C, Geppetti P, McRoberts JA, Ennes H, Davis JB, Mayer EA, Bunnett NW (2004) Protease-activated receptor 2 sensitizes the capsaicin receptor transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1 to induce hyperalgesia. J Neurosci 24:4300-4312
4. Aman M, Hirano K, Nishimura J, Nakano H, Kanaide H (2005) Enhancement of trypsin-induced contraction by in vivo treatment with 17beta-estradiol and progesterone in rat myometrium. Br J Pharmacol 146:425-434
5. Benezra M, Vlodavsky I, Ishai-Michaeli R, Neufeld G, Bar-Shavit R (1993) Thrombin-induced release of active basic fibroblast growth factor-heparan sulfate complexes from subendothelial extracellular matrix. Blood 81:3324-3331
6. Bjartell A, Paju A, Zhang WM, Gadaleanu V, Hansson J, Landberg G, Stenman UH (2005) Expression of tumor-associated trypsinogens (TAT-1 and TAT-2) in prostate cancer. Prostate 64:29-39
7. Blackhart BD, Emilsson K, Nguyen D, Teng W, Martelli AJ, Nystedt S, Sundelin J, Scarborough RM (1996) Ligand cross-reactivity within the protease-activated receptor family. J Biol Chem 271:16466-16471
8. Bretschneider E, Kaufmann R, Braun M, Wittpoth M, Glusa E, Nowak G, Schror K (1999) Evidence for proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2)-mediated mitogenesis in coronary artery smooth muscle cells. Br J Pharmacol 126:1735-1740
9. Carr MJ, Schechter NM, Undem BJ (2000) Trypsin-induced, neurokinin-mediated contraction of guinea pig bronchus. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 162:1662-1667
10. Cenac N, Garcia-Villar R, Ferrier L, Larauche M, Vergnolle N, Bunnett NW, Coelho AM, Fioramonti J, Bueno L (2003) Proteinase-activated receptor-2-induced colonic inflammation in mice: possible involvement of afferent neurons, nitric oxide, and paracellular permeability. J Immunol 170:4296-4300
11. Chay CH, Cooper CR, Gendernalik JD, Dhanasekaran SM, Chinnaiyan AM, Rubin MA, Schmaier AH, Pienta KJ (2002) A functional thrombin receptor (PAR1) is expressed on bone-derived prostate cancer cell lines. Urology 60:760-765
12. Cheung WM, D'Andrea MR, Andrade-Gordon P, Damiano BP (1999) Altered vascular injury responses in mice deficient in protease-activated receptor-1. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 19:3014-3024
13. Chignard M, Pidard D (2006) Neutrophil and pathogen proteinases versus proteinase-activated receptor-2 lung epithelial cells: more terminators than activators. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 34:394-398
14. Chow JM, Moffatt JD, Cocks TM (2000) Effect of protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1, -2 and -4-activating peptides, thrombin and trypsin in rat isolated airways. Br J Pharmacol 131:1584-1591
15. Coelho AM, Vergnolle N, Guiard B, Fioramonti J, Bueno L (2002) Proteinases and proteinase-activated receptor 2: a possible role to promote visceral hyperalgesia in rats. Gastroenterology 122:1035-1047
16. Compton SJ, McGuire JJ, Saifeddine M, Hollenberg MD (2002) Restricted ability of human mast cell tryptase to activate proteinase-activated receptor-2 in rat aorta. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 80:987-992
17. Cottrell GS, Amadesi S, Grady EF, Bunnett NW (2004) Trypsin IV, a novel agonist of protease-activated receptors 2 and 4. J Biol Chem 279:13532-13539
18. Dai Y, Moriyama T, Higashi T, Togashi K, Kobayashi K, Yamanaka H, Tominaga M, Noguchi K (2004) Proteinase-activated receptor 2-mediated potentiation of transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily 1 activity reveals a mechanism for proteinase-induced inflammatory pain. J Neurosci 24:4293-4299
19. D'Andrea MR, Saban MR, Nguyen NB, Andrade-Gordon P, Saban R (2003) Expression of protease-activated receptor-1, -2, -3, and -4 in control and experimentally inflamed mouse bladder. Am J Pathol 162:907-923
20. Dattilio A, Vizzard MA (2005) Up-regulation of protease activated receptors in bladder after cyclophosphamide induced cystitis and colocalization with capsaicin receptor (VR1) in bladder nerve fibers. J Urol 173:635-639
21. de Garavilla L, Vergnolle N, Young SH, Ennes H, Steinhoff M, Ossovskaya VS, D'Andrea MR, Mayer EA, Wallace JL, Hollenberg MD, Andrade-Gordon P, Bunnett NW (2001) Agonists of proteinase-activated receptor 1 induce plasma extravasation by a neurogenic mechanism. Br J Pharmacol 133:975-987
22. Ding-Pfennigdorff D, Averbeck B, Michaelis M (2004) Stimulation of PAR-2 excites and sensitizes rat cutaneous C-nociceptors to heat. Neuroreport 15:2071-2075
23. Donaldson SH, Hirsh A, Li DC, Holloway G, Chao J, Boucher RC, Gabriel SE (2002) Regulation of the epithelial sodium channel by serine proteases in human airways. J Biol Chem 277:8338-8345
24. Duncan ME, Richardson JP, Murray GI, Melvin WT, Fothergill JE (1998) Human matrix metalloproteinase-9: activation by limited trypsin treatment and generation of monoclonal antibodies specific for the activated form. Eur J Biochem 258:37-43
25. Faruqi TR, Weiss EJ, Shapiro MJ, Huang W, Coughlin SR (2000) Structure-function analysis of protease-activated receptor 4 tethered ligand peptides. Determinants of specificity and utility in assays of receptor function. J Biol Chem 275:19728-19734
26. Feistritzer C, Riewald M (2005) Endothelial barrier protection by activated protein C through PAR1-dependent sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor-1 crossactivation. Blood 105:3178-3184
27. Greenberg DL, Mize GJ, Takayama TK (2003) Protease-activated receptor mediated RhoA signaling and cytoskeletal reorganization in LNCaP cells. Biochemistry 42:702-709
28. Hansen KK, Saifeddine M, Hollenberg MD (2004) Tethered ligand-derived peptides of proteinase-activated receptor 3 (PAR3) activate PAR1 and PAR2 in Jurkat T cells. Immunology 112:183-190
29. Hecquet C, Tan F, Marcic BM, Erdos EG (2000) Human bradykinin B (2) receptor is activated by kallikrein and other serine proteases. Mol Pharmacol 58:828-836
30. Hollenberg MD, Compton SJ (2002) International Union of Pharmacology. XXVIII. Proteinase-activated receptors. Pharmacol Rev 54:203-217
31. Hollenberg MD, Saifeddine M, Al-Ani B, Kawabata A (1997) Proteinase-activated receptors: structural requirements for activity, receptor cross-reactivity, and receptor selectivity of receptor-activating peptides. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 75:832-841
32. Hollenberg MD, Saifeddine M, Sandhu S, Houle S, Vergnolle N (2004) Proteinase-activated receptor-4: evaluation of tethered ligand-derived peptides as probes for receptor function and as inflammatory agonists in vivo. Br J Pharmacol 143:443-454
33. Hoogerwerf WA, Shenoy M, Winston JH, Xiao SY, He Z, Pasricha PJ (2004) Trypsin mediates nociception via the proteinase-activated receptor 2: a potentially novel role in pancreatic pain. Gastroenterology 127:883-891
34. Hu L, Lee M, Campbell W, Perez-Soler R, Karpatkin S (2004) Role of endogenous thrombin in tumor implantation, seeding, and spontaneous metastasis. Blood 104:2746-2751
35. Huang YQ, Li JJ, Hu L, Lee M, Karpatkin S (2001) Thrombin induces increased expression and secretion of VEGF from human FS4 fibroblasts, DU145 prostate cells and CHRF megakaryocytes. Thromb Haemost 86:1094-1098
36. Imamura T, Dubin A, Moore W, Tanaka R, Travis J (1996) Induction of vascular permeability enhancement by human tryptase: dependence on activation of prekallikrein and direct release of bradykinin from kininogens. Lab Invest 74:861-870
37. Ishihara H, Connolly AJ, Zeng D, Kahn ML, Zheng YW, Timmons C, Tram T, Coughlin SR (1997) Protease-activated receptor 3 is a second thrombin receptor in humans. Nature 386:502-506
38. Kahn ML, Hammes SR, Botka C, Coughlin SR (1998) Gene and locus structure and chromosomal localization of the protease-activated receptor gene family. J Biol Chem 273:23290-23296
39. Kaushal V, Kohli M, Dennis RA, Siegel ER, Chiles WW, Mukunyadzi P (2005) Thrombin receptor expression is upregulated in prostate cancer. Prostate 66(3):273-282
40. Kawabata A, Itoh H, Kawao N, Kuroda R, Sekiguchi F, Masuko T, Iwata K, Ogawa A (2004) Activation of trigeminal nociceptive neurons by parotid PAR-2 activation in rats. Neuroreport 15:1617-1621
41. Kelso EB, Lockhart JC, Hembrough T, Dunning L, Plevin R, Hollenberg MD, Sommerhoff CP, McLean JS, Ferrell WR (2006) Therapeutic promise of proteinase-activated receptor-2 antagonism in joint inflammation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 316:1017-1024
42. Koo BH, Chung KH, Hwang KC, Kim DS (2002) Factor Xa induces mitogenesis of coronary artery smooth muscle cell via activation of PAR-2. FEBS Lett 523:85-89
43. Kubota Y, Nakahara T, Mitani A, Maruko T, Saito M, Sakamoto K, Ishii K (2003) Possible involvement of Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2 in protease-activated receptor-2-mediated contraction of rat urinary bladder. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 367:588-591
44. Lafleur MA, Hollenberg MD, Atkinson SJ, Knauper V, Murphy G, Edwards DR (2001) Activation of pro-(matrix metalloproteinase-2) (pro-MMP-2) by thrombin is membrane-type-MMP-dependent in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and generates a distinct 63 kDa active species. Biochem J 357:107-115
45. Liu J, Bastian M, Kohlschein P, Schuff-Werner P, Steiner M (2003) Expression of functional protease-activated receptor 1 in human prostate cancer cell lines. Urol Res 31:163-168
46. Liu J, Schuff-Werner P, Steiner M (2006) Thrombin/thrombin receptor (PAR-1)-mediated induction of IL-8 and VEGF expression in prostate cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 343:183-189
47. Maryanoff BE, Santulli RJ, McComsey DF, Hoekstra WJ, Hoey K, Smith CE, Addo M, Darrow AL, Andrade-Gordon P (2001) Protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2): structure-function study of receptor activation by diverse peptides related to tethered-ligand epitopes. Arch Biochem Biophys 386:195-204
48. McGuire JJ, Saifeddine M, Triggle CR, Sun K, Hollenberg MD (2004) 2-furoyl-LIGRLO-amide: a potent and selective proteinase-activated receptor 2 agonist. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 309:1124-1131
49. Moffatt JD, Page CP, Laurent GJ (2004) Shooting for PARs in lung diseases. Curr Opin Pharmacol 4:221-229 Nakahara T, Kubota Y, Mitani A, Maruko T, Sakamoto K, Ishii K (2003) Protease-activated receptor-2-mediated contraction in the rat urinary bladder: the role of urinary bladder mucosa. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 367:211-213
50. Nakahara T, Kubota Y, Saito M, Sakamoto K, Ishii K (2004) Protease-activated receptor-2-mediated contraction of urinary bladder is enhanced in cyclophosphamide-treated rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 369:212-219
51. Nguyen C, Coelho AM, Grady E, Compton SJ, Wallace JL, Hollenberg MD, Cenac N, Garcia-Villar R, Bueno L, Steinhoff M, Bunnett NW, Vergnolle N (2003) Colitis induced by proteinase-activated receptor-2 agonists is mediated by a neurogenic mechanism. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 81:920-927
52. Noorbakhsh F, Vergnolle N, Hollenberg MD, Power C (2003) Proteinase-activated receptors in the nervous system. Nat Rev Neurosci 4:981-990
53. Nystedt S, Emilsson K, Wahlestedt C, Sundelin J (1994) Molecular cloning of a potential proteinase activated receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:9208-9212
54. Paju A, Bjartell A, Zhang WM, Nordling S, Borgstrom A, Hansson J, Stenman UH (2000) Expression and characterization of trypsinogen produced in the human male genital tract. Am J Pathol 157:2011-2021
55. Rickles FR, Patierno S, Fernandez PM (2003) Tissue factor, thrombin, and cancer. Chest 124:58S-68S
56. Roche N, Stirling RG, Lim S, Oliver BG, Chung KF (2003) Regulation of protease-activated receptor-1 in mononuclear cells by neutrophil proteases. Respir Med 97:228-233
57. Roy SS, Saifeddine M, Loutzenhiser R, Triggle CR, Hollenberg MD (1998) Dual endothelium-dependent vascular activities of proteinase-activated receptor-2-activating peptides: evidence for receptor heterogeneity. Br J Pharmacol 123:1434-1440
58. Sabri A, Muske G, Zhang H, Pak E, Darrow A, Andrade-Gordon P, Steinberg SF (2000) Signaling properties and functions of two distinct cardiomyocyte protease-activated receptors. Circ Res 86:1054-1061
59. Sower LE, Payne DA, Meyers R, Carney DH (1999) Thrombin peptide, TP508, induces differential gene expression in fibroblasts through a nonproteolytic activation pathway. Exp Cell Res 247:422-431
60. Steinberg SF (2005) The cardiovascular actions of protease-activated receptors. Mol Pharmacol 67:2-11
61. Steinhoff M, Vergnolle N, Young SH, Tognetto M, Amadesi S, Ennes HS, Trevisani M, Hollenberg MD, Wallace JL, Caughey GH, Mitchell SE, Williams LM, Geppetti P, Mayer EA, Bunnett NW (2000) Agonists of proteinase-activated receptor 2 induce inflammation by a neurogenic mechanism. Nat Med 6:151-158
62. Steinhoff M, Buddenkotte J, Shpacovitch V, Rattenholl A, Moormann C, Vergnolle N, Luger TA, Hollenberg MD (2005) Proteinase-activated receptors: transducers of proteinase-mediated signaling in inflammation and immune response. Endocr Rev 26:1-43
63. Su X, Camerer E, Hamilton JR, Coughlin SR, Matthay MA (2005) Protease-activated receptor-2 activation induces acute lung inflammation by neuropeptide-dependent mechanisms. J Immunol 175:2598-2605
64. Suzuki T, Moraes TJ, Vachon E, Ginzberg HH, Huang TT, Matthay MA, Hollenberg MD, Marshall J, McCulloch CA, Abreu MT, Chow CW, Downey GP (2005) Proteinase-activated receptor-1 mediates elastase-induced apoptosis of human lung epithelial cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 33:231-247
65. Tantivejkul K, Loberg RD, Mawocha SC, Day LL, John LS, Pienta BA, Rubin MA, Pienta KJ (2005) PAR1-mediated NFkappaB activation promotes survival of prostate cancer cells through a Bcl-xL-dependent mechanism. J Cell Biochem 96:641-652
66. Tran T, Stewart AG (2003) Protease-activated receptor (PAR)-independent growth and pro-inflammatory actions of thrombin on human cultured airway smooth muscle. Br J Pharmacol 138:865-875
67. Vallet V, Chraibi A, Gaeggeler HP, Horisberger JD, Rossier BC (1997) An epithelial serine protease activates the amiloride-sensitive sodium channel. Nature 389:607-610
68. Vergnolle N (2004) Modulation of visceral pain and inflammation by protease-activated receptors. Br J Pharmacol 141:1264-1274
69. Vergnolle N (2005) Clinical relevance of proteinase activated receptors (pars) in the gut. Gut 54:867-874
70. Vu TK, Hung DT, Wheaton VI, Coughlin SR (1991) Molecular cloning of a functional thrombin receptor reveals a novel proteolytic mechanism of receptor activation. Cell 64:1057-1068
71. Wilson SR, Gallagher S, Warpeha K, Hawthorne SJ (2004) Amplification of MMP-2 and MMP-9 production by prostate cancer cell lines via activation of protease-activated receptors. Prostate 60:168-174
72. Wilson S, Greer B, Hooper J, Zijlstra A, Walker B, Quigley J, Hawthorne S (2005) The membrane-anchored serine protease, TMPRSS2, activates PAR-2 in prostate cancer cells. Biochem J 388:967-972
73. Wu CC, Hwang TL, Liao CH, Kuo SC, Lee FY, Lee CY, Teng CM (2002) Selective inhibition of protease-activated receptor 4-dependent platelet activation by YD-3. Thromb Haemost 87:1026-1033
74. Xu WF, Andersen H, Whitmore TE, Presnell SR, Yee DP, Ching A, Gilbert T, Davie EW, Foster DC (1998) Cloning and characterization of human protease-activated receptor 4. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:6642-6646
75. Yuan TC, Lin MF (2004) Protease-activated receptor 1: a role in prostate cancer metastasis. Clin Prostate Cancer 3:189-191
76. Zain J, Huang YQ, Feng X, Nierodzik ML, Li JJ, Karpatkin S (2000) Concentration-dependent dual effect of thrombin on impaired growth/apoptosis or mitogenesis in tumor cells. Blood 95:3133-3138
77. Zhang HC, McComsey DF, White KB, Addo MF, Andrade-Gordon P, Derian CK, Oksenberg D, Maryanoff BE (2001) Thrombin receptor (PAR-1) antagonists. Solid-phase synthesis of indole-based peptide mimetics by anchoring to a secondary amide. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 11:2105-2109
78. Zhu WJ, Yamanaka H, Obata K, Dai Y, Kobayashi K, Kozai T, Tokunaga A, Noguchi K (2005) Expression of mRNA for four subtypes of the proteinase-activated receptor in rat dorsal root ganglia. Brain Res 1041:205-211