메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 60, Issue , 2006, Pages 69-105

The biology of the Cryptococcus neoformans species complex

Author keywords

Evolution; Hybridization; Mating; Polymorphism; Virulence

Indexed keywords

CRYPTOCOCCUS GATTII; CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS; CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS GRUBII; ECOLOGY; EVOLUTION; FUNGAL STRAIN; FUNGAL VIRULENCE; FUNGUS ISOLATION; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM; GENETIC VARIABILITY; GENOTYPE PHENOTYPE CORRELATION; HUMAN; IMMUNE DEFICIENCY; LIFE CYCLE; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; NONHUMAN; POPULATION STRUCTURE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REPRODUCTION; REVIEW; SEROTYPE; TECHNIQUE;

EID: 33750289222     PISSN: 00664227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.micro.60.080805.142102     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (325)

References (222)
  • 2
    • 0017840135 scopus 로고
    • Study of the role of pigeons in the dissemination of Cryptococcus neoformans in nature
    • Abou-Gabal M, Atia M. 1978. Study of the role of pigeons in the dissemination of Cryptococcus neoformans in nature. Sabouraudia 16:63-68
    • (1978) Sabouraudia , vol.16 , pp. 63-68
    • Abou-Gabal, M.1    Atia, M.2
  • 5
    • 11244294685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haploidy, diploidy and evolution of antifungal drug resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Anderson JB, Sirjusingh C, Ricker N. 2004. Haploidy, diploidy and evolution of antifungal drug resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 168:1915-23
    • (2004) Genetics , vol.168 , pp. 1915-1923
    • Anderson, J.B.1    Sirjusingh, C.2    Ricker, N.3
  • 6
    • 27844610829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbonic anhydrase and CO(2) sensing during Cryptococcus neoformans growth, differentiation, and virulence
    • Bahn YS, Cox GM, Perfect JR, Heitman J. 2005. Carbonic anhydrase and CO(2) sensing during Cryptococcus neoformans growth, differentiation, and virulence. Curr. Biol. 15:2013-20
    • (2005) Curr. Biol. , vol.15 , pp. 2013-2020
    • Bahn, Y.S.1    Cox, G.M.2    Perfect, J.R.3    Heitman, J.4
  • 7
    • 0025895080 scopus 로고
    • Persistence of Cryptococcus neoformans in the prostate: Failure of fluconazole despite high doses
    • Bailly MP, Boibieux A, Biron F, Durieu I, Piens MA, et al. 1991. Persistence of Cryptococcus neoformans in the prostate: failure of fluconazole despite high doses. J. Infect. Dis. 164:435-36
    • (1991) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.164 , pp. 435-436
    • Bailly, M.P.1    Boibieux, A.2    Biron, F.3    Durieu, I.4    Piens, M.A.5
  • 8
    • 0002720441 scopus 로고
    • Taxonomic overview of the Tremellales
    • Bandoni RJ. 1987. Taxonomic overview of the Tremellales. Stud. Mycol. 30:87-110
    • (1987) Stud. Mycol. , vol.30 , pp. 87-110
    • Bandoni, R.J.1
  • 10
    • 2642615378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First identification of autochthonous Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii isolated from goats with predominantly severe pulmonary disease in Spain
    • Baro T, Torres-Rodriguez JM, De Mendoza MH, Morera Y, Alia C. 1998. First identification of autochthonous Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii isolated from goats with predominantly severe pulmonary disease in Spain. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36:458-61
    • (1998) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.36 , pp. 458-461
    • Baro, T.1    Torres-Rodriguez, J.M.2    De Mendoza, M.H.3    Morera, Y.4    Alia, C.5
  • 12
    • 27744592714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canadian Cryptococcus gattii-temporary visa or landed immigrant?
    • Presented at, Boston, MA
    • Bartlett K. 2005. Canadian Cryptococcus gattii-temporary visa or landed immigrant? Presented at 6th Int. Conf. on Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis, Boston, MA
    • (2005) 6th Int. Conf. on Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis
    • Bartlett, K.1
  • 13
    • 0001688411 scopus 로고
    • Direct cytoplasm-cytoplasm connection: An unusual host-parasite interaction of the tremelloid mycoparasite Tetragoniomyces uliginosus
    • Bauer R, Oberwinkler F. 1990. Direct cytoplasm-cytoplasm connection: an unusual host-parasite interaction of the tremelloid mycoparasite Tetragoniomyces uliginosus. Protoplasma 154:157-60
    • (1990) Protoplasma , vol.154 , pp. 157-160
    • Bauer, R.1    Oberwinkler, F.2
  • 16
    • 0035052207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hybrid genotypes in the pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Boekhout T, Theelen B, Diaz M, Fell JW, Hop WC, et al. 2001. Hybrid genotypes in the pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans. Microbiology 147:891-907
    • (2001) Microbiology , vol.147 , pp. 891-907
    • Boekhout, T.1    Theelen, B.2    Diaz, M.3    Fell, J.W.4    Hop, W.C.5
  • 18
    • 9044239256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular subtype distribution of Cryptococcus neoformans in four areas of the United States
    • Cryptococcal Disease Active Surveillance Group
    • Brandt ME, Hutwagner LC, Klug LA, Baughman WS, Rimland D, et al. 1996. Molecular subtype distribution of Cryptococcus neoformans in four areas of the United States. Cryptococcal Disease Active Surveillance Group. J. Clin. Microbiol. 34:912-17
    • (1996) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.34 , pp. 912-917
    • Brandt, M.E.1    Hutwagner, L.C.2    Klug, L.A.3    Baughman, W.S.4    Rimland, D.5
  • 19
    • 0029836385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular subtypes and antifungal susceptibilities of serial Cryptococcus neoformans isolates in human immunodeficiency virus-associated cryptococcosis
    • Cryptococcal Disease Active Surveillance Group
    • Brandt ME, Pfaller MA, Hajjeh RA, Graviss EA, Rees J, et al. 1996. Molecular subtypes and antifungal susceptibilities of serial Cryptococcus neoformans isolates in human immunodeficiency virus-associated cryptococcosis. Cryptococcal Disease Active Surveillance Group. J. Infect. Dis. 174:812-20
    • (1996) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.174 , pp. 812-820
    • Brandt, M.E.1    Pfaller, M.A.2    Hajjeh, R.A.3    Graviss, E.A.4    Rees, J.5
  • 20
    • 33750314908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of sexual recombination in a veterinary population of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii from the Sydney metropolitan region
    • In press
    • Bui T, Malik R, Carter D. 2006. Evidence of sexual recombination in a veterinary population of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii from the Sydney metropolitan region. FEMS Yeast Res. In press
    • (2006) FEMS Yeast Res.
    • Bui, T.1    Malik, R.2    Carter, D.3
  • 21
    • 0003334202 scopus 로고
    • Über eine durch coccidien hervergerufene krankheit des menschen
    • Buschke A. 1895. Über eine durch Coccidien Hervergerufene Krankheit des menschen. Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. 21:14
    • (1895) Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. , vol.21 , pp. 14
    • Buschke, A.1
  • 22
    • 0001187603 scopus 로고
    • Über parasitäre zelleinschlüsse und ihre züchtung
    • Busse O. 1894. Über parasitäre zelleinschlüsse und ihre züchtung. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. 16:175-80
    • (1894) Zentralbl. Bakteriol. , vol.16 , pp. 175-180
    • Busse, O.1
  • 23
    • 0033303722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans in bird excreta in the city zoo of Cali, Colombia
    • Caicedo LD, Alvarez MI, Delgado M, Cardenas A. 1999. Cryptococcus neoformans in bird excreta in the city zoo of Cali, Colombia. Mycopathologia 147:121-24
    • (1999) Mycopathologia , vol.147 , pp. 121-124
    • Caicedo, L.D.1    Alvarez, M.I.2    Delgado, M.3    Cardenas, A.4
  • 24
    • 33746397509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii, serotype C, from the environment in Colombia
    • Callejas A, Ordonez N, Rodriguez MC, Castaneda E. 1998. First isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii, serotype C, from the environment in Colombia. Med. Mycol. 36:341-44
    • (1998) Med. Mycol. , vol.36 , pp. 341-344
    • Callejas, A.1    Ordonez, N.2    Rodriguez, M.C.3    Castaneda, E.4
  • 25
    • 23844548532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clonality and recombination in genetically differentiated subgroups of Cryptococcus gattii
    • Campbell LT, Currie BJ, Krockenberger M, Malik R, Meyer W, et al. 2005. Clonality and recombination in genetically differentiated subgroups of Cryptococcus gattii. Eukaryot. Cell 4:1403-9
    • (2005) Eukaryot. Cell , vol.4 , pp. 1403-1409
    • Campbell, L.T.1    Currie, B.J.2    Krockenberger, M.3    Malik, R.4    Meyer, W.5
  • 26
    • 23844476057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and environmental isolates of Cryptococcus gattii from Australia that retain sexual fecundity
    • Campbell LT, Fraser JA, Nichols CB, Dietrich FS, Carter D, Heitman J. 2005. Clinical and environmental isolates of Cryptococcus gattii from Australia that retain sexual fecundity. Eukaryot. Cell 4:1410-19
    • (2005) Eukaryot. Cell , vol.4 , pp. 1410-1419
    • Campbell, L.T.1    Fraser, J.A.2    Nichols, C.B.3    Dietrich, F.S.4    Carter, D.5    Heitman, J.6
  • 28
    • 20544443166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insights into mechanisms of antibody-mediated immunity from studies with Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Casadevall A, Pirofski L. 2005. Insights into mechanisms of antibody-mediated immunity from studies with Cryptococcus neoformans. Curr. Mol. Med. 5:421-33
    • (2005) Curr. Mol. Med. , vol.5 , pp. 421-433
    • Casadevall, A.1    Pirofski, L.2
  • 30
    • 0029005232 scopus 로고
    • Involvement of multiple Cryptococcus neoformans strains in a single episode of cryptococcosis and reinfection with novel strains in recurrent infection demonstrated by random amplification of polymorphic DNA and DNA fingerprinting
    • Casadevall A, Spitzer ED. 1995. Involvement of multiple Cryptococcus neoformans strains in a single episode of cryptococcosis and reinfection with novel strains in recurrent infection demonstrated by random amplification of polymorphic DNA and DNA fingerprinting. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:1682-83
    • (1995) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.33 , pp. 1682-1683
    • Casadevall, A.1    Spitzer, E.D.2
  • 31
    • 0043197395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ready made' virulence and 'dual use' virulence factors in pathogenic environmental fungi - The Cryptococcus neoformans paradigm
    • Casadevall A, Steenbergen JN, Nosanchuk JD. 2003. 'Ready made' virulence and 'dual use' virulence factors in pathogenic environmental fungi-the Cryptococcus neoformans paradigm. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 6:332-37
    • (2003) Curr. Opin. Microbiol. , vol.6 , pp. 332-337
    • Casadevall, A.1    Steenbergen, J.N.2    Nosanchuk, J.D.3
  • 32
    • 0038215526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular typing of clinical and environmental Cryptococcus neoformans isolates in the Brazilian state Rio Grande do Sul
    • Casali AK, Goulart L, Rosa e Silva LK, Ribeiro AM, Amaral AA, et al. 2003. Molecular typing of clinical and environmental Cryptococcus neoformans isolates in the Brazilian state Rio Grande do Sul. FEMS Yeast Res. 3:405-15
    • (2003) FEMS Yeast Res. , vol.3 , pp. 405-415
    • Casali, A.K.1    Goulart, L.2    Rosa E Silva, L.K.3    Ribeiro, A.M.4    Amaral, A.A.5
  • 34
    • 4544298974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcal yeast cells invade the central nervous system via transcellular penetration of the blood-brain barrier
    • Chang YC, Stins MF, McCaffery MJ, Miller GF, Pare DR, et al. 2004. Cryptococcal yeast cells invade the central nervous system via transcellular penetration of the blood-brain barrier. Infect. Immun. 72:4985-95
    • (2004) Infect. Immun. , vol.72 , pp. 4985-4995
    • Chang, Y.C.1    Stins, M.F.2    McCaffery, M.J.3    Miller, G.F.4    Pare, D.R.5
  • 35
    • 0035867084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical presentation and risk behaviors of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Thailand, 1994-1998: Regional variation and temporal trends
    • Chariyalertsak S, Sirisanthana T, Saengwonloey O, Nelson KE. 2001. Clinical presentation and risk behaviors of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Thailand, 1994-1998: regional variation and temporal trends. Clin. Infect. Dis. 32:955-62
    • (2001) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.32 , pp. 955-962
    • Chariyalertsak, S.1    Sirisanthana, T.2    Saengwonloey, O.3    Nelson, K.E.4
  • 36
    • 13244265941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Capsule structure changes associated with Cryptococcus neoformans crossing of the blood-brain barrier
    • Charlier C, Chretien F, Baudrimont M, Mordelet E, Lortholary O, Dromer F. 2005. Capsule structure changes associated with Cryptococcus neoformans crossing of the blood-brain barrier. Am. J. Pathol. 166:421-32
    • (2005) Am. J. Pathol. , vol.166 , pp. 421-432
    • Charlier, C.1    Chretien, F.2    Baudrimont, M.3    Mordelet, E.4    Lortholary, O.5    Dromer, F.6
  • 37
    • 27744465761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus gattii in AIDS patients, Southern California
    • Chaturvedi S. 2005. Cryptococcus gattii in AIDS patients, Southern California. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 11:1686-92
    • (2005) Emerg. Infect. Dis. , vol.11 , pp. 1686-1692
    • Chaturvedi, S.1
  • 38
    • 0036719924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular genetic analyses of mating pheromones reveal intervariety mating or hybridization in Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Chaturvedi V, Fan J, Stein B, Behr MJ, Samsonoff WA, et al. 2002. Molecular genetic analyses of mating pheromones reveal intervariety mating or hybridization in Cryptococcus neoformans. Infect. Immun. 70:5225-35
    • (2002) Infect. Immun. , vol.70 , pp. 5225-5235
    • Chaturvedi, V.1    Fan, J.2    Stein, B.3    Behr, M.J.4    Samsonoff, W.A.5
  • 39
    • 0030693656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii infection in northern Australia: Existence of an environmental source other than known host eucalypts
    • Chen SC, Currie BJ, Campbell HM, Fisher DA, Pfeiffer TJ, et al. 1997. Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii infection in northern Australia: existence of an environmental source other than known host eucalypts. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 91:547-50
    • (1997) Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. , vol.91 , pp. 547-550
    • Chen, S.C.1    Currie, B.J.2    Campbell, H.M.3    Fisher, D.A.4    Pfeiffer, T.J.5
  • 40
    • 0242450370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans induces alterations in the cytoskeleton of human brain microvascular endothelial cells
    • Chen SH, Stins MF, Huang SH, Chen YH, Kwon-Chung KJ, et al. 2003. Cryptococcus neoformans induces alterations in the cytoskeleton of human brain microvascular endothelial cells. J. Med. Microbiol. 52:961-70
    • (2003) J. Med. Microbiol. , vol.52 , pp. 961-970
    • Chen, S.H.1    Stins, M.F.2    Huang, S.H.3    Chen, Y.H.4    Kwon-Chung, K.J.5
  • 42
    • 4644343590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dikaryons of the basidiomycete fungus Schizophyllum commune: Evolution in long-term culture
    • Clark TA, Anderson JB. 2004. Dikaryons of the basidiomycete fungus Schizophyllum commune: evolution in long-term culture. Genetics 167:1663-75
    • (2004) Genetics , vol.167 , pp. 1663-1675
    • Clark, T.A.1    Anderson, J.B.2
  • 43
    • 33646556252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 30-month ECMM survey of cryptococcosis in Europe: Molecular analysis of 316 Cryptococcus neoformans isolates
    • Group ECW. Presented at the, Boston, MA
    • Cogliati M, Esposto MC, Lemmer K, Tintelnot K, Viviani MA, Group ECW. 2005. A 30-month ECMM survey of cryptococcosis in Europe: molecular analysis of 316 Cryptococcus neoformans isolates. Presented at the 6th Int. Conf. on Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis, Boston, MA
    • (2005) 6th Int. Conf. on Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis
    • Cogliati, M.1    Esposto, M.C.2    Lemmer, K.3    Tintelnot, K.4    Viviani, M.A.5
  • 45
    • 0032843029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asymptomatic carriage of Cryptococcus neoformans in the nasal cavity of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus)
    • Connolly JH, Krockenberger MB, Malik R, Canfield PJ, Wigney DI, Muir DB. 1999. Asymptomatic carriage of Cryptococcus neoformans in the nasal cavity of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). Med. Mycol. 37:331-38
    • (1999) Med. Mycol. , vol.37 , pp. 331-338
    • Connolly, J.H.1    Krockenberger, M.B.2    Malik, R.3    Canfield, P.J.4    Wigney, D.I.5    Muir, D.B.6
  • 46
    • 0242552361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shifts in community composition provide a mechanism for maintenance of activity of soil yeasts in the presence of elevated copper levels
    • Cornelissen S, Botha A, Conradie WJ, Wolfaardt GM. 2003. Shifts in community composition provide a mechanism for maintenance of activity of soil yeasts in the presence of elevated copper levels. Can. J. Microbiol. 49:425-32
    • (2003) Can. J. Microbiol. , vol.49 , pp. 425-432
    • Cornelissen, S.1    Botha, A.2    Conradie, W.J.3    Wolfaardt, G.M.4
  • 47
    • 0033043180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapamycin antifungal action is mediated via conserved complexes with FKBP12 and TOR kinase homologs in Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Cruz MC, Cavallo LM, Gorlach JM, Cox G, Perfect JR, et al. 1999. Rapamycin antifungal action is mediated via conserved complexes with FKBP12 and TOR kinase homologs in Cryptococcus neoformans. Mol. Cell Biol. 19:4101-12
    • (1999) Mol. Cell Biol. , vol.19 , pp. 4101-4112
    • Cruz, M.C.1    Cavallo, L.M.2    Gorlach, J.M.3    Cox, G.4    Perfect, J.R.5
  • 48
    • 0029100382 scopus 로고
    • Sterol compositions and susceptibilities to amphotericin B of environmental Cryptococcus neoformans isolates are changed by murine passage
    • Currie B, Sanati H, Ibrahim AS, Edwards JEJ, Casadevall A, Ghannoum MA. 1995. Sterol compositions and susceptibilities to amphotericin B of environmental Cryptococcus neoformans isolates are changed by murine passage. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 39:1934-37
    • (1995) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.39 , pp. 1934-1937
    • Currie, B.1    Sanati, H.2    Ibrahim, A.S.3    Edwards, J.E.J.4    Casadevall, A.5    Ghannoum, M.A.6
  • 49
    • 0028314482 scopus 로고
    • Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from environmental (pigeon excreta) and clinical sources in New York City
    • Currie BP, Freundlich LF, Casadevall A. 1994. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from environmental (pigeon excreta) and clinical sources in New York City. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32:1188-92
    • (1994) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.32 , pp. 1188-1192
    • Currie, B.P.1    Freundlich, L.F.2    Casadevall, A.3
  • 50
    • 0033003531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans differential gene expression detected in vitro and in vivo with green fluorescent protein
    • del Poeta M, Toffaletti DL, Rude TH, Sparks SD, Heitman J, Perfect JR. 1999. Cryptococcus neoformans differential gene expression detected in vitro and in vivo with green fluorescent protein. Infect. Immun. 67:1812-20
    • (1999) Infect. Immun. , vol.67 , pp. 1812-1820
    • Del Poeta, M.1    Toffaletti, D.L.2    Rude, T.H.3    Sparks, S.D.4    Heitman, J.5    Perfect, J.R.6
  • 51
    • 32944467987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV disorders of the brain: Pathology and pathogenesis
    • Del Valle L, Pina-Oviedo S. 2006. HIV disorders of the brain: pathology and pathogenesis. Front. Biosci. 11:718-32
    • (2006) Front. Biosci. , vol.11 , pp. 718-732
    • Del Valle, L.1    Pina-Oviedo, S.2
  • 52
    • 27744502920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative analysis of the intergenic spacer regions and population structure of the species complex of the pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Diaz MR, Boekhout T, Kiesling T, Fell JW. 2005. Comparative analysis of the intergenic spacer regions and population structure of the species complex of the pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans. FEMS Yeast Res. 5:1129-40
    • (2005) FEMS Yeast Res. , vol.5 , pp. 1129-1140
    • Diaz, M.R.1    Boekhout, T.2    Kiesling, T.3    Fell, J.W.4
  • 53
    • 84907131884 scopus 로고
    • Isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii from an Asian patient in France: Evidence for dormant infection in healthy subjects
    • Dromer F, Ronin O, Dupont B. 1992. Isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii from an Asian patient in France: evidence for dormant infection in healthy subjects. J. Med. Vet. Mycol. 30:395-97
    • (1992) J. Med. Vet. Mycol. , vol.30 , pp. 395-397
    • Dromer, F.1    Ronin, O.2    Dupont, B.3
  • 54
    • 0027990363 scopus 로고
    • Molecular typing of Cryptococcus neoformans serotype D clinical isolates
    • Dromer F, Varma A, Ronin O, Mathoulin S, Dupont B. 1994. Molecular typing of Cryptococcus neoformans serotype D clinical isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32:2364-71
    • (1994) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.32 , pp. 2364-2371
    • Dromer, F.1    Varma, A.2    Ronin, O.3    Mathoulin, S.4    Dupont, B.5
  • 55
    • 28244494544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sub-clinical infection and asymptomatic carriage of Cryptococcus gattii in dogs and cats during an outbreak of cryptococcosis
    • Duncan C, Stephen C, Lester S, Bartlett KH. 2005. Sub-clinical infection and asymptomatic carriage of Cryptococcus gattii in dogs and cats during an outbreak of cryptococcosis. Med. Mycol. 43:511-16
    • (2005) Med. Mycol. , vol.43 , pp. 511-516
    • Duncan, C.1    Stephen, C.2    Lester, S.3    Bartlett, K.H.4
  • 56
    • 0036809349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM) prospective survey of cryptococcosis: Report from Italy
    • ECMM
    • ECMM. 2002. European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM) prospective survey of cryptococcosis: report from Italy. Med. Mycol. 40:507-17
    • (2002) Med. Mycol. , vol.40 , pp. 507-517
  • 57
    • 0025175621 scopus 로고
    • Ecology, life cycle, and infectious propagule of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Ellis DH, Pfeiffer J. 1990. Ecology, life cycle, and infectious propagule of Cryptococcus neoformans. Lancet 336:923-25
    • (1990) Lancet , vol.336 , pp. 923-925
    • Ellis, D.H.1    Pfeiffer, J.2
  • 58
    • 0025336110 scopus 로고
    • Natural habitat of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii
    • Ellis DH, Pfeiffer TJ. 1990. Natural habitat of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii. J. Clin. Microbiol. 28:1642-44
    • (1990) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.28 , pp. 1642-1644
    • Ellis, D.H.1    Pfeiffer, T.J.2
  • 59
    • 7944222173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii in honeybee (Apis mellifera) colonies
    • Ergin C, Ilkit M, Kaftanoglu O. 2004. Detection of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii in honeybee (Apis mellifera) colonies. Mycoses 47:431-34
    • (2004) Mycoses , vol.47 , pp. 431-434
    • Ergin, C.1    Ilkit, M.2    Kaftanoglu, O.3
  • 60
    • 0015894136 scopus 로고
    • Relationship of some Cryptococcus neoformans hypha-forming strains to standard strains and to other species of yeasts as determined by deoxyribonucleic acid base ratios and homologies
    • Erke KH, Schneidau JDJ. 1973. Relationship of some Cryptococcus neoformans hypha-forming strains to standard strains and to other species of yeasts as determined by deoxyribonucleic acid base ratios and homologies. Infect. Immun. 7:941-48
    • (1973) Infect. Immun. , vol.7 , pp. 941-948
    • Erke, K.H.1    Schneidau, J.D.J.2
  • 61
    • 11144354211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coronamycins, peptide antibiotics produced by a verticillate Streptomyces sp. (MSU-2110) endophytic on Monstera sp
    • Ezra D, Castillo UF, Strobel GA, Hess WM, Porter H, et al. 2004. Coronamycins, peptide antibiotics produced by a verticillate Streptomyces sp. (MSU-2110) endophytic on Monstera sp. Microbiology 150:785-93
    • (2004) Microbiology , vol.150 , pp. 785-793
    • Ezra, D.1    Castillo, U.F.2    Strobel, G.A.3    Hess, W.M.4    Porter, H.5
  • 63
    • 23844483451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans gene expression during murine macrophage infection
    • Fan W, Kraus PR, Boily MJ, Heitman J. 2005. Cryptococcus neoformans gene expression during murine macrophage infection. Eukaryot. Cell 4:1420-33
    • (2005) Eukaryot. Cell , vol.4 , pp. 1420-1433
    • Fan, W.1    Kraus, P.R.2    Boily, M.J.3    Heitman, J.4
  • 64
    • 0034864222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic changes in the morphology of Cryptococcus neoformans during murine pulmonary infection
    • Feldmesser M, Kress Y, Casadevall A. 2001. Dynamic changes in the morphology of Cryptococcus neoformans during murine pulmonary infection. Microbiology 147:2355-65
    • (2001) Microbiology , vol.147 , pp. 2355-2365
    • Feldmesser, M.1    Kress, Y.2    Casadevall, A.3
  • 65
    • 33750331140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans in Canada goose guano from residential flocks in rural New York and South Carolina: Identification of a potentially significant rural environmental reservoir
    • Presented at the, Boston, MA
    • Filion T, Rossner A, Mims A, Aguirre K. 2005. Cryptococcus neoformans in Canada goose guano from residential flocks in rural New York and South Carolina: identification of a potentially significant rural environmental reservoir. Presented at the 6th Int. Conf. on Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis, Boston, MA
    • (2005) 6th Int. Conf. on Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis
    • Filion, T.1    Rossner, A.2    Mims, A.3    Aguirre, K.4
  • 66
    • 0034947932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii from a native jungle tree in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest
    • Fortes ST, Lazera MS, Nishikawa MM, Macedo RC, Wanke B. 2001. First isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii from a native jungle tree in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest. Mycoses 44:137-40
    • (2001) Mycoses , vol.44 , pp. 137-140
    • Fortes, S.T.1    Lazera, M.S.2    Nishikawa, M.M.3    Macedo, R.C.4    Wanke, B.5
  • 67
    • 0035114113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcineurin regulatory subunit is essential for virulence and mediates interactions with FKBP12-FK506 in Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Fox DS, Cruz MC, Sia RA, Ke H, Cox GM, et al. 2001. Calcineurin regulatory subunit is essential for virulence and mediates interactions with FKBP12-FK506 in Cryptococcus neoformans. Mol. Microbiol. 39:835-49
    • (2001) Mol. Microbiol. , vol.39 , pp. 835-849
    • Fox, D.S.1    Cruz, M.C.2    Sia, R.A.3    Ke, H.4    Cox, G.M.5
  • 68
    • 0030851615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular epidemiology of Cryptococcus neoformans in Brazil and the United States: Evidence for both local genetic differences and a global clonal population structure
    • Franzot SP, Hamdan JS, Currie BP, Casadevall A. 1997. Molecular epidemiology of Cryptococcus neoformans in Brazil and the United States: evidence for both local genetic differences and a global clonal population structure. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35:2243-51
    • (1997) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.35 , pp. 2243-2251
    • Franzot, S.P.1    Hamdan, J.S.2    Currie, B.P.3    Casadevall, A.4
  • 69
    • 0031984903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microevolution of a standard strain of Cryptococcus neoformans resulting in differences in virulence and other phenotypes
    • Franzot SP, Mukherjee J, Cherniak R, Chen LC, Hamdan JS, Casadevall A. 1998. Microevolution of a standard strain of Cryptococcus neoformans resulting in differences in virulence and other phenotypes. Infect. Immun. 66:89-97
    • (1998) Infect. Immun. , vol.66 , pp. 89-97
    • Franzot, S.P.1    Mukherjee, J.2    Cherniak, R.3    Chen, L.C.4    Hamdan, J.S.5    Casadevall, A.6
  • 70
    • 0033058352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii: Separate varietal status for Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A isolates
    • Franzot SP, Salkin IF, Casadevall A. 1999. Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii: separate varietal status for Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37:838-40
    • (1999) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.37 , pp. 838-840
    • Franzot, S.P.1    Salkin, I.F.2    Casadevall, A.3
  • 71
    • 9444275028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convergent evolution of chromosomal sex-determining regions in the animal and fungal kingdoms
    • Fraser JA, Diezmann S, Subaran RL, Allen A, Lengeler KB, et al. 2004. Convergent evolution of chromosomal sex-determining regions in the animal and fungal kingdoms. PLoS Biol. 2:e384
    • (2004) PLoS Biol. , vol.2
    • Fraser, J.A.1    Diezmann, S.2    Subaran, R.L.3    Allen, A.4    Lengeler, K.B.5
  • 72
    • 27644483074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Same-sex mating and the origin of the Vancouver Island Cryptococcus gattii outbreak
    • Fraser JA, Giles SS, Wenink EC, Geunes-Boyer SG, Wright JR, et al. 2005. Same-sex mating and the origin of the Vancouver Island Cryptococcus gattii outbreak. Nature 437:1360-64
    • (2005) Nature , vol.437 , pp. 1360-1364
    • Fraser, J.A.1    Giles, S.S.2    Wenink, E.C.3    Geunes-Boyer, S.G.4    Wright, J.R.5
  • 74
    • 0142216112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recapitulation of the sexual cycle of the primary fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii: Implications for an outbreak on Vancouver Island, Canada
    • Fraser JA, Subaran RL, Nichols CB, Heitman J. 2003. Recapitulation of the sexual cycle of the primary fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii: implications for an outbreak on Vancouver Island, Canada. Eukaryot. Cell 2:1036-45
    • (2003) Eukaryot. Cell , vol.2 , pp. 1036-1045
    • Fraser, J.A.1    Subaran, R.L.2    Nichols, C.B.3    Heitman, J.4
  • 77
    • 0032706270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenotypic switching in Cryptococcus neoformans results in changes in cellular morphology and glucuronoxylomannan structure
    • Fries BC, Goldman DL, Cherniak R, Ju R, Casadevall A. 1999. Phenotypic switching in Cryptococcus neoformans results in changes in cellular morphology and glucuronoxylomannan structure. Infect. Immun. 67:6076-83
    • (1999) Infect. Immun. , vol.67 , pp. 6076-6083
    • Fries, B.C.1    Goldman, D.L.2    Cherniak, R.3    Ju, R.4    Casadevall, A.5
  • 78
    • 0035210645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenotypic switching of Cryptococcus neoformans occurs in vivo and influences the outcome of infection
    • Fries BC, Taborda CP, Serfass E, Casadevall A. 2001. Phenotypic switching of Cryptococcus neoformans occurs in vivo and influences the outcome of infection. J. Clin. Invest. 108:1639-48
    • (2001) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.108 , pp. 1639-1648
    • Fries, B.C.1    Taborda, C.P.2    Serfass, E.3    Casadevall, A.4
  • 80
    • 2542599333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans capsule structure evolution in vitro and during murine infection
    • Garcia-Hermoso D, Dromer F, Janbon G. 2004. Cryptococcus neoformans capsule structure evolution in vitro and during murine infection. Infect. Immun. 72:3359-65
    • (2004) Infect. Immun. , vol.72 , pp. 3359-3365
    • Garcia-Hermoso, D.1    Dromer, F.2    Janbon, G.3
  • 81
    • 0032867947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological evidence for dormant Cryptococcus neoformans infection
    • Garcia-Hermoso D, Janbon G, Dromer F. 1999. Epidemiological evidence for dormant Cryptococcus neoformans infection. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37:3204-9
    • (1999) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.37 , pp. 3204-3209
    • Garcia-Hermoso, D.1    Janbon, G.2    Dromer, F.3
  • 82
    • 58149210139 scopus 로고
    • Cutaneous involvement with Cryptococcus neoformans in AIDS
    • Ghigliotti G, De Marchi R. 1995. Cutaneous involvement with Cryptococcus neoformans in AIDS. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 32:820-21
    • (1995) J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. , vol.32 , pp. 820-821
    • Ghigliotti, G.1    De Marchi, R.2
  • 83
    • 0037944518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • F. lutea: Parasitism of Hypochnicium vellereum
    • Ginns J, Bernicchia A. 2000. F. lutea: parasitism of Hypochnicium vellereum. Karstenia 40:49-51
    • (2000) Karstenia , vol.40 , pp. 49-51
    • Ginns, J.1    Bernicchia, A.2
  • 84
    • 33750350468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Filobasidiella depauperata (Tremellales): Haustorial branches and parasitism of Verticillium lecani
    • Ginns J, Malloch DW. 2003. Filobasidiella depauperata (Tremellales): haustorial branches and parasitism of Verticillium lecani. Mycol. Prog. 2:137-40
    • (2003) Mycol. Prog. , vol.2 , pp. 137-140
    • Ginns, J.1    Malloch, D.W.2
  • 85
    • 3042810026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary genomics: Seeing double
    • Goffeau A. 2004. Evolutionary genomics: seeing double. Nature 430:25-26
    • (2004) Nature , vol.430 , pp. 25-26
    • Goffeau, A.1
  • 86
    • 4344662890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence, serotypes and mating patterns of Cryptococcus neoformans in the pellets of different avifauna in Madras, India
    • Gokulshankar S, Ranganathan S, Ranjith MS, Ranjithsingh AJ. 2004. Prevalence, serotypes and mating patterns of Cryptococcus neoformans in the pellets of different avifauna in Madras, India. Mycoses 47:310-14
    • (2004) Mycoses , vol.47 , pp. 310-314
    • Gokulshankar, S.1    Ranganathan, S.2    Ranjith, M.S.3    Ranjithsingh, A.J.4
  • 87
  • 89
    • 0034929551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The diversity of retrotransposons in the yeast Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Goodwin TJ, Poulter RT. 2001. The diversity of retrotransposons in the yeast Cryptococcus neoformans. Yeast 18:865-80
    • (2001) Yeast , vol.18 , pp. 865-880
    • Goodwin, T.J.1    Poulter, R.T.2
  • 90
    • 24344474476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation and characterization of Cryptococcus neoformans varieties recovered from natural sources in Bogota, Colombia, and study of ecological conditions in the area
    • Granados DP, Castaneda E. 2005. Isolation and characterization of Cryptococcus neoformans varieties recovered from natural sources in Bogota, Colombia, and study of ecological conditions in the area. Microb. Ecol. 49:282-90
    • (2005) Microb. Ecol. , vol.49 , pp. 282-290
    • Granados, D.P.1    Castaneda, E.2
  • 91
    • 0037195624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hybrid speciation in experimental populations of yeast
    • Greig D, Louis EJ, Boris RH, Travisano M. 2002. Hybrid speciation in experimental populations of yeast. Science 298:1773-75
    • (2002) Science , vol.298 , pp. 1773-1775
    • Greig, D.1    Louis, E.J.2    Boris, R.H.3    Travisano, M.4
  • 92
    • 0037546919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for the mismatch repair system during incipient speciation in Saccharomyces
    • Greig D, Travisano M, Louis EJ, Borts RH. 2003. A role for the mismatch repair system during incipient speciation in Saccharomyces. J. Evol. Biol. 16:429-37
    • (2003) J. Evol. Biol. , vol.16 , pp. 429-437
    • Greig, D.1    Travisano, M.2    Louis, E.J.3    Borts, R.H.4
  • 93
    • 0035812705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Success and virulence in Toxoplasma as the result of sexual recombination between two distinct ancestries
    • Grigg ME, Bonnefoy S, Hehl AB, Suzuki Y, Boothroyd JC. 2001. Success and virulence in Toxoplasma as the result of sexual recombination between two distinct ancestries. Science 294:161-65
    • (2001) Science , vol.294 , pp. 161-165
    • Grigg, M.E.1    Bonnefoy, S.2    Hehl, A.B.3    Suzuki, Y.4    Boothroyd, J.C.5
  • 94
    • 15444379314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mycological examinations on the fungal flora of the chicken comb
    • Grunder S, Mayser P, Redmann T, Kaleta EF. 2005. Mycological examinations on the fungal flora of the chicken comb. Mycoses 48:114-19
    • (2005) Mycoses , vol.48 , pp. 114-119
    • Grunder, S.1    Mayser, P.2    Redmann, T.3    Kaleta, E.F.4
  • 95
    • 0027539183 scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic relationships of Cryptococcus neoformans and some related basidiomycetous yeasts determined from partial large subunit rRNA sequences
    • Gueho E, Improvisi L, Christen R, de Hoog GS. 1993. Phylogenetic relationships of Cryptococcus neoformans and some related basidiomycetous yeasts determined from partial large subunit rRNA sequences. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 63:175-89
    • (1993) Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek , vol.63 , pp. 175-189
    • Gueho, E.1    Improvisi, L.2    Christen, R.3    De Hoog, G.S.4
  • 97
    • 0033925332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of HIV infection on meningitis in Harare, Zimbabwe: A prospective study of 406 predominantly adult patients
    • Hakim JG, Gangaidzo IT, Heyderman RS, Mielke J, Mushangi E, et al. 2000. Impact of HIV infection on meningitis in Harare, Zimbabwe: a prospective study of 406 predominantly adult patients. AIDS 14:1401-7
    • (2000) AIDS , vol.14 , pp. 1401-1407
    • Hakim, J.G.1    Gangaidzo, I.T.2    Heyderman, R.S.3    Mielke, J.4    Mushangi, E.5
  • 98
    • 0032780313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presence of alpha and a mating types in environmental and clinical collections of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii strains from Australia
    • Halliday CL, Bui T, Krockenberger M, Malik R, Ellis DH, Carter DA. 1999. Presence of alpha and a mating types in environmental and clinical collections of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii strains from Australia. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37:2920-26
    • (1999) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.37 , pp. 2920-2926
    • Halliday, C.L.1    Bui, T.2    Krockenberger, M.3    Malik, R.4    Ellis, D.H.5    Carter, D.A.6
  • 99
    • 0037316648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clonal reproduction and limited dispersal in an environmental population of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii isolates from Australia
    • Halliday CL, Carter DA. 2003. Clonal reproduction and limited dispersal in an environmental population of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii isolates from Australia. J. Clin. Microbiol. 41:703-11
    • (2003) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.41 , pp. 703-711
    • Halliday, C.L.1    Carter, D.A.2
  • 100
    • 0028917767 scopus 로고
    • Involvement of multiple Cryptococcus neoformans strains in a single episode of cryptococcosis and reinfection with novel strains in recurrent infection demonstrated by random amplification of polymorphic DNA and DNA fingerprinting
    • Haynes KA, Sullivan DJ, Coleman DC, Clarke JC, Emilianus R, et al. 1995. Involvement of multiple Cryptococcus neoformans strains in a single episode of cryptococcosis and reinfection with novel strains in recurrent infection demonstrated by random amplification of polymorphic DNA and DNA fingerprinting. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:99-102
    • (1995) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.33 , pp. 99-102
    • Haynes, K.A.1    Sullivan, D.J.2    Coleman, D.C.3    Clarke, J.C.4    Emilianus, R.5
  • 102
    • 0037150709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pseudomonas-Candida interactions: An ecological role for virulence factors
    • Hogan DA, Kolter R. 2002. Pseudomonas-Candida interactions: an ecological role for virulence factors. Science 296:2229-32
    • (2002) Science , vol.296 , pp. 2229-2232
    • Hogan, D.A.1    Kolter, R.2
  • 103
    • 9644264336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum-sensing molecule influences Candida albicans morphology
    • Hogan DA, Vik A, Kolter R. 2004. A Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum-sensing molecule influences Candida albicans morphology. Mol. Microbiol. 54:1212-23
    • (2004) Mol. Microbiol. , vol.54 , pp. 1212-1223
    • Hogan, D.A.1    Vik, A.2    Kolter, R.3
  • 104
    • 0037371389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of human immunodeficiency virus type I-related opportunistic infections in sub-Saharan Africa
    • Holmes CB, Losina E, Walensky RP, Yazdanpanah Y, Freedberg KA. 2003. Review of human immunodeficiency virus type I-related opportunistic infections in sub-Saharan Africa. Clin. Infect. Dis. 36:652-62
    • (2003) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.36 , pp. 652-662
    • Holmes, C.B.1    Losina, E.2    Walensky, R.P.3    Yazdanpanah, Y.4    Freedberg, K.A.5
  • 105
    • 0034749670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental infection of almond trees seedlings (Terminalia catappa) with an environmental isolate of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii, serotype C
    • Huerfano S, Castaneda A, Castaneda E. 2001. Experimental infection of almond trees seedlings (Terminalia catappa) with an environmental isolate of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii, serotype C. Rev. Iberoam. Micol. 18:131-32
    • (2001) Rev. Iberoam. Micol. , vol.18 , pp. 131-132
    • Huerfano, S.1    Castaneda, A.2    Castaneda, E.3
  • 106
    • 0036948447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Hull CM, Heitman J. 2002. Genetics of Cryptococcus neoformans. Annu. Rev. Genet. 36:557-615
    • (2002) Annu. Rev. Genet. , vol.36 , pp. 557-615
    • Hull, C.M.1    Heitman, J.2
  • 107
    • 0029990370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mismatch repair system contributes to meiotic sterility in an interspecific yeast hybrid
    • Hunter N, Chambers SR, Louis EJ, Borts RH. 1996. The mismatch repair system contributes to meiotic sterility in an interspecific yeast hybrid. EMBO J. 15:1726-33
    • (1996) EMBO J. , vol.15 , pp. 1726-1733
    • Hunter, N.1    Chambers, S.R.2    Louis, E.J.3    Borts, R.H.4
  • 108
    • 0025198747 scopus 로고
    • Application of the theory of adaptive polymorphism to the ecology and epidemiology of pathogenic yeasts
    • Hunter PR, Fraser CA. 1990. Application of the theory of adaptive polymorphism to the ecology and epidemiology of pathogenic yeasts. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56:2219-22
    • (1990) Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , vol.56 , pp. 2219-2222
    • Hunter, P.R.1    Fraser, C.A.2
  • 110
    • 3242884613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular epidemiology of Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from AIDS patients of the Brazilian city, Rio de Janeiro
    • Igreja RP, Lazera Mdos S, Wanke B, Galhardo MC, Kidd SE, Meyer W. 2004. Molecular epidemiology of Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from AIDS patients of the Brazilian city, Rio de Janeiro. Med. Mycol. 42:229-38
    • (2004) Med. Mycol. , vol.42 , pp. 229-238
    • Igreja, R.P.1    Lazera Mdos, S.2    Wanke, B.3    Galhardo, M.C.4    Kidd, S.E.5    Meyer, W.6
  • 111
    • 0031113265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus-neoformans van neoformans isolated from droppings of captive birds in Nigeria
    • Irokanulo EO, Makinde AA, Akuesgi CO, Ekwonu M. 1997. Cryptococcus-neoformans van neoformans isolated from droppings of captive birds in Nigeria. J. Wildl. Dis. 33:343-45
    • (1997) J. Wildl. Dis. , vol.33 , pp. 343-345
    • Irokanulo, E.O.1    Makinde, A.A.2    Akuesgi, C.O.3    Ekwonu, M.4
  • 112
    • 33750349945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenotypic switching in a clinical Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii: Changes in virulence and promote dissemination
    • Presented at the, Boston, MA
    • Jain N, Banerjee U, Fries BC. 2005. Phenotypic switching in a clinical Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii: changes in virulence and promote dissemination. Presented at the 6th Int. Conf. on Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis, Boston, MA
    • (2005) 6th Int. Conf. on Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis
    • Jain, N.1    Banerjee, U.2    Fries, B.C.3
  • 113
    • 27744548828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular epidemiology of clinical Cryptococcus neoformans strains from India
    • Jain N, Wickes BL, Keller SM, Fu J, Casadevall A, et al. 2005. Molecular epidemiology of clinical Cryptococcus neoformans strains from India. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43:5733-42
    • (2005) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.43 , pp. 5733-5742
    • Jain, N.1    Wickes, B.L.2    Keller, S.M.3    Fu, J.4    Casadevall, A.5
  • 114
    • 0344412144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The biology of mating in Candida albicans
    • Johnson A. 2003. The biology of mating in Candida albicans. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 1:106-16
    • (2003) Nat. Rev. Microbiol. , vol.1 , pp. 106-116
    • Johnson, A.1
  • 115
    • 10344226208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A rare genotype of Cryptococcus gattii caused the cryptococcosis outbreak on Vancouver Island (British Columbia, Canada)
    • Kidd SE, Hagen F, Tscharke RL, Huynh M, Bartlett KH, et al. 2004. A rare genotype of Cryptococcus gattii caused the cryptococcosis outbreak on Vancouver Island (British Columbia, Canada). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101:17258-63
    • (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.101 , pp. 17258-17263
    • Kidd, S.E.1    Hagen, F.2    Tscharke, R.L.3    Huynh, M.4    Bartlett, K.H.5
  • 116
    • 0031754602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in electrophoretic karyotype and antifungal susceptibility of clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans at a university-affiliated teaching hospital from 1987 to 1994
    • Klepser ME, Pfaller MA. 1998. Variation in electrophoretic karyotype and antifungal susceptibility of clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans at a university-affiliated teaching hospital from 1987 to 1994. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36:3653-56
    • (1998) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.36 , pp. 3653-3656
    • Klepser, M.E.1    Pfaller, M.A.2
  • 117
    • 24144471006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of Cryptococcus neoformans isolated from urban environmental sources in Goiania, Goias State, Brazil
    • Kobayashi CC, Souza LK, Fernandes Ode F, Brito SC, Silva AC, et al. 2005. Characterization of Cryptococcus neoformans isolated from urban environmental sources in Goiania, Goias State, Brazil. Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo 47:203-7
    • (2005) Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo , vol.47 , pp. 203-207
    • Kobayashi, C.C.1    Souza, L.K.2    Fernandes Ode, F.3    Brito, S.C.4    Silva, A.C.5
  • 118
    • 24944554890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of fungal speciation
    • Kohn LM. 2005. Mechanisms of fungal speciation. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 43:279-308
    • (2005) Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. , vol.43 , pp. 279-308
    • Kohn, L.M.1
  • 120
    • 0031828687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcosis in Hodgkin's disease: Description of two cases and review of the literature
    • Korfel A, Menssen HD, Schwartz S, Thiel E. 1998. Cryptococcosis in Hodgkin's disease: description of two cases and review of the literature. Ann. Hematol. 76:283-86
    • (1998) Ann. Hematol. , vol.76 , pp. 283-286
    • Korfel, A.1    Menssen, H.D.2    Schwartz, S.3    Thiel, E.4
  • 121
    • 0036302092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus): Serological evidence for subclinical cryptococcosis
    • Krockenberger MB, Canfield PJ, Barnes J, Vogelnest L, Connolly J, et al. 2002. Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus): serological evidence for subclinical cryptococcosis. Med. Mycol. 40:273-82
    • (2002) Med. Mycol. , vol.40 , pp. 273-282
    • Krockenberger, M.B.1    Canfield, P.J.2    Barnes, J.3    Vogelnest, L.4    Connolly, J.5
  • 122
    • 0036302091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus): Colonization by C n. var. gattii and investigation of environmental sources
    • Krockenberger MB, Canfield PJ, Malik R. 2002. Cryptococcus neoformans in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus): colonization by C n. var. gattii and investigation of environmental sources. Med. Mycol. 40:263-72
    • (2002) Med. Mycol. , vol.40 , pp. 263-272
    • Krockenberger, M.B.1    Canfield, P.J.2    Malik, R.3
  • 123
    • 0041823992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus): A review of 43 cases of cryptococcosis
    • Krockenberger MB, Canfield PJ, Malik R. 2003. Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus): a review of 43 cases of cryptococcosis. Med. Mycol. 41:225-34
    • (2003) Med. Mycol. , vol.41 , pp. 225-234
    • Krockenberger, M.B.1    Canfield, P.J.2    Malik, R.3
  • 126
    • 1842263418 scopus 로고
    • The characteristics that differentiate Filobasidiella depauperata from Filobasidiella neoformans
    • Kwon-Chung J, Chang YC, Bauer R, Swan EC, Taylor JW, Goel R. 1995. The characteristics that differentiate Filobasidiella depauperata from Filobasidiella neoformans. Stud. Mycol. 38:67-79
    • (1995) Stud. Mycol. , vol.38 , pp. 67-79
    • Kwon-Chung, J.1    Chang, Y.C.2    Bauer, R.3    Swan, E.C.4    Taylor, J.W.5    Goel, R.6
  • 127
    • 0016577223 scopus 로고
    • A new genus, Filobasidiella, the perfect state of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Kwon-Chung KJ. 1975. A new genus, Filobasidiella, the perfect state of Cryptococcus neoformans. Mycologia 67:1197-200
    • (1975) Mycologia , vol.67 , pp. 1197-1200
    • Kwon-Chung, K.J.1
  • 128
    • 0016975799 scopus 로고
    • A new species of Filobasidiella, the sexual state of Cryptococcus neoformans B and C serotypes
    • Kwon-Chung KJ. 1976. A new species of Filobasidiella, the sexual state of Cryptococcus neoformans B and C serotypes. Mycologia 68:943-46
    • (1976) Mycologia , vol.68 , pp. 943-946
    • Kwon-Chung, K.J.1
  • 129
    • 0018196299 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of alpha and a mating types of Cryptococcus neoformans among natural and clinical isolates
    • Kwon-Chung KJ, Bennett JE. 1978. Distribution of alpha and a mating types of Cryptococcus neoformans among natural and clinical isolates. Am. J. Epidemiol. 108:337-40
    • (1978) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.108 , pp. 337-340
    • Kwon-Chung, K.J.1    Bennett, J.E.2
  • 131
    • 0036881280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proposal to conserve the name Cryptococcus gattii against C. hondurianus and C. bacillisporus (Basidiomycota, Hymenomycetes, Tremellomycetidae)
    • Kwon-Chung KJ, Boekhout T, Fell JW, Diaz M. 2002. Proposal to conserve the name Cryptococcus gattii against C. hondurianus and C. bacillisporus (Basidiomycota, Hymenomycetes, Tremellomycetidae). Taxonomy 51:804-6
    • (2002) Taxonomy , vol.51 , pp. 804-806
    • Kwon-Chung, K.J.1    Boekhout, T.2    Fell, J.W.3    Diaz, M.4
  • 132
    • 0026334016 scopus 로고
    • Genetic association of mating types and virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Kwon-Chung KJ, Edman JC, Wickes BL. 1992. Genetic association of mating types and virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans. Infect. Immun. 60:602-5
    • (1992) Infect. Immun. , vol.60 , pp. 602-605
    • Kwon-Chung, K.J.1    Edman, J.C.2    Wickes, B.L.3
  • 134
    • 2642646224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii-evidence for a natural habitat related to decaying wood in a pottery tree hollow
    • Lazera MS, Cavalcanti MA, Trilles L, Nishikawa MM, Wanke B. 1998. Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii-evidence for a natural habitat related to decaying wood in a pottery tree hollow. Med. Mycol. 36:119-22
    • (1998) Med. Mycol. , vol.36 , pp. 119-122
    • Lazera, M.S.1    Cavalcanti, M.A.2    Trilles, L.3    Nishikawa, M.M.4    Wanke, B.5
  • 136
    • 0035172346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serotype AD strains of Cryptococcus neoformans are diploid or aneuploid and are heterozygous at the mating-type locus
    • Lengeler KB, Cox GM, Heitman J. 2001. Serotype AD strains of Cryptococcus neoformans are diploid or aneuploid and are heterozygous at the mating-type locus. Infect. Immun. 69:115-22
    • (2001) Infect. Immun. , vol.69 , pp. 115-122
    • Lengeler, K.B.1    Cox, G.M.2    Heitman, J.3
  • 137
    • 0025724120 scopus 로고
    • The ecology of Cryptococcus neoformans and the epidemiology of cryptococcosis
    • Levitz SM. 1991. The ecology of Cryptococcus neoformans and the epidemiology of cryptococcosis. Rev. Infect. Dis. 13:1163-69
    • (1991) Rev. Infect. Dis. , vol.13 , pp. 1163-1169
    • Levitz, S.M.1
  • 138
    • 26944438312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chlamydospore formation during hyphal growth in Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Lin X, Heitman J. 2005. Chlamydospore formation during hyphal growth in Cryptococcus neoformans. Eukaryot. Cell 4:1746-54
    • (2005) Eukaryot. Cell , vol.4 , pp. 1746-1754
    • Lin, X.1    Heitman, J.2
  • 139
    • 17844369955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual reproduction between partners of the same mating type in Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Lin X, Hull CM, Heitman J. 2005. Sexual reproduction between partners of the same mating type in Cryptococcus neoformans. Nature 434:1017-21
    • (2005) Nature , vol.434 , pp. 1017-1021
    • Lin, X.1    Hull, C.M.2    Heitman, J.3
  • 140
    • 14544290992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inferences of evolutionary relationships from a population survey of LTR-retrotransposons and telomeric-associated sequences in the Saccharomyces sensu stricto complex
    • Liti G, Peruffo A, James SA, Roberts IN, Louis EJ. 2005. Inferences of evolutionary relationships from a population survey of LTR-retrotransposons and telomeric-associated sequences in the Saccharomyces sensu stricto complex. Yeast 22:177-92
    • (2005) Yeast , vol.22 , pp. 177-192
    • Liti, G.1    Peruffo, A.2    James, S.A.3    Roberts, I.N.4    Louis, E.J.5
  • 141
    • 13844253695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative analysis of environmental and clinical populations of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Litvintseva AP, Kestenbaum L, Vilgalys R, Mitchell TG. 2005. Comparative analysis of environmental and clinical populations of Cryptococcus neoformans. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43:556-64
    • (2005) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.43 , pp. 556-564
    • Litvintseva, A.P.1    Kestenbaum, L.2    Vilgalys, R.3    Mitchell, T.G.4
  • 142
    • 0347064089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of sexual recombination among Cryptococcus neoformans serotype a isolates in sub-Saharan Africa
    • Litvintseva AP, Marra RE, Nielsen K, Heitman J, Vilgalys R, Mitchell TG. 2003. Evidence of sexual recombination among Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A isolates in sub-Saharan Africa. Eukaryot. Cell 2:1162-68
    • (2003) Eukaryot. Cell , vol.2 , pp. 1162-1168
    • Litvintseva, A.P.1    Marra, R.E.2    Nielsen, K.3    Heitman, J.4    Vilgalys, R.5    Mitchell, T.G.6
  • 143
    • 23944474612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of clinical isolates of Cryptococcus gattii serotype C among patients with AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa
    • Litvintseva AP, Thakur R, Reller LB, Mitchell TG. 2005. Prevalence of clinical isolates of Cryptococcus gattii serotype C among patients with AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa. J. Infect. Dis. 192:888-92
    • (2005) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.192 , pp. 888-892
    • Litvintseva, A.P.1    Thakur, R.2    Reller, L.B.3    Mitchell, T.G.4
  • 144
    • 33646193463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilocus sequence typing reveals three genetic subpopulations of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (serotype A), including a unique population in Botswana
    • doi:10.1534/genetics.105.046672
    • Litvintseva AP, Thakur R, Vilgalys R, Mitchell TG. 2005. Multilocus sequence typing reveals three genetic subpopulations of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (serotype A), including a unique population in Botswana. Genetics. doi:10.1534/genetics.105.046672
    • (2005) Genetics
    • Litvintseva, A.P.1    Thakur, R.2    Vilgalys, R.3    Mitchell, T.G.4
  • 145
    • 20044380139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genome of the basidiomycetous yeast and human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Loftus BJ, Fung E, Roncaglia P, Rowley D, Amedeo P, et al. 2005. The genome of the basidiomycetous yeast and human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. Science 307:1321-24
    • (2005) Science , vol.307 , pp. 1321-1324
    • Loftus, B.J.1    Fung, E.2    Roncaglia, P.3    Rowley, D.4    Amedeo, P.5
  • 147
    • 85047694795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of App1 as a regulator of phagocytosis and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Luberto C, Martinez-Marino B, Taraskiewicz D, Bolanos B, Chitano P, et al. 2003. Identification of App1 as a regulator of phagocytosis and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans. J. Clin. Invest. 112:1080-94
    • (2003) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.112 , pp. 1080-1094
    • Luberto, C.1    Martinez-Marino, B.2    Taraskiewicz, D.3    Bolanos, B.4    Chitano, P.5
  • 148
    • 84907132782 scopus 로고
    • Morphological variations of a hypha-forming strain of Cryptococcus neoformans (Coward strain) in tissues of mice
    • Lurie HI, Shadomy HJ. 1971. Morphological variations of a hypha-forming strain of Cryptococcus neoformans (Coward strain) in tissues of mice. Sabouraudia 9:10-14
    • (1971) Sabouraudia , vol.9 , pp. 10-14
    • Lurie, H.I.1    Shadomy, H.J.2
  • 149
    • 0036301058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central nervous system infections in individuals with HIV-1 infection
    • Mamidi A, DeSimone JA, Pomerantz RJ. 2002. Central nervous system infections in individuals with HIV-1 infection. J. Neurovirol. 8:158-67
    • (2002) J. Neurovirol. , vol.8 , pp. 158-167
    • Mamidi, A.1    DeSimone, J.A.2    Pomerantz, R.J.3
  • 150
    • 24744447437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dual infections with pigmented and albino strains of Cryptococcus neoformans in patients with or without human immunodeficiency virus infection in India
    • Mandal P, Banerjee U, Casadevall A, Nosanchuk JD. 2005. Dual infections with pigmented and albino strains of Cryptococcus neoformans in patients with or without human immunodeficiency virus infection in India. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43:4766-72
    • (2005) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.43 , pp. 4766-4772
    • Mandal, P.1    Banerjee, U.2    Casadevall, A.3    Nosanchuk, J.D.4
  • 151
    • 3142677939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A genetic linkage map of Cryptococcus neoformans variety neoformans serotype D (Filobasidiella neoformans)
    • Marra RE, Huang JC, Fung E, Nielsen K, Heitman J, et al. 2004. A genetic linkage map of Cryptococcus neoformans variety neoformans serotype D (Filobasidiella neoformans). Genetics 167:619-31
    • (2004) Genetics , vol.167 , pp. 619-631
    • Marra, R.E.1    Huang, J.C.2    Fung, E.3    Nielsen, K.4    Heitman, J.5
  • 153
    • 0021068109 scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcal mastitis in dairy animals
    • Mehrotra BS. 1983. Cryptococcal mastitis in dairy animals. Mykosen 26:615-16
    • (1983) Mykosen , vol.26 , pp. 615-616
    • Mehrotra, B.S.1
  • 154
    • 84907126378 scopus 로고
    • Conditions affecting the adherence of Cryptococcus neoformans to rat glial and lung cells in vitro
    • Merkel GJ, Scofield BA. 1993. Conditions affecting the adherence of Cryptococcus neoformans to rat glial and lung cells in vitro. J. Med. Vet. Mycol. 31:55-64
    • (1993) J. Med. Vet. Mycol. , vol.31 , pp. 55-64
    • Merkel, G.J.1    Scofield, B.A.2
  • 157
    • 0033032335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular typing of global isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans by polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA - A pilot study to standardize techniques on which to base a detailed epidemiological survey
    • Meyer W, Marszewska K, Amirmostofian M, Igreja RP, Hardtke C, et al. 1999. Molecular typing of global isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans by polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-a pilot study to standardize techniques on which to base a detailed epidemiological survey. Electrophoresis 20:1790-99
    • (1999) Electrophoresis , vol.20 , pp. 1790-1799
    • Meyer, W.1    Marszewska, K.2    Amirmostofian, M.3    Igreja, R.P.4    Hardtke, C.5
  • 158
    • 0028786641 scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcosis in the era of AIDS-100 years after the discovery of Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Mitchell TG, Perfect JR. 1995. Cryptococcosis in the era of AIDS-100 years after the discovery of Cryptococcus neoformans. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 8:515-48
    • (1995) Clin. Microbiol. Rev. , vol.8 , pp. 515-548
    • Mitchell, T.G.1    Perfect, J.R.2
  • 159
    • 0033791976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii and C. neoformans var. neoformans in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil
    • Montenegro H, Paula CR. 2000. Environmental isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii and C. neoformans var. neoformans in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Med. Mycol. 38:385-90
    • (2000) Med. Mycol. , vol.38 , pp. 385-390
    • Montenegro, H.1    Paula, C.R.2
  • 161
    • 6344275552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans Kin1 protein kinase homologue, identified through a Caenorhabditis elegans screen, promotes virulence in mammals
    • Mylonakis E, Idnurm A, Moreno R, El Khoury J, Rottman JB, et al. 2004. Cryptococcus neoformans Kin1 protein kinase homologue, identified through a Caenorhabditis elegans screen, promotes virulence in mammals. Mol. Microbiol. 54:407-19
    • (2004) Mol. Microbiol. , vol.54 , pp. 407-419
    • Mylonakis, E.1    Idnurm, A.2    Moreno, R.3    El Khoury, J.4    Rottman, J.B.5
  • 162
    • 21544465310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Galleria mellonella as a model system to study Cryptococcus neoformans pathogenesis
    • Mylonakis E, Moreno R, El Khoury JB, Idnurm A, Heitman J, et al. 2005. Galleria mellonella as a model system to study Cryptococcus neoformans pathogenesis. Infect. Immun. 73:3842-50
    • (2005) Infect. Immun. , vol.73 , pp. 3842-3850
    • Mylonakis, E.1    Moreno, R.2    El Khoury, J.B.3    Idnurm, A.4    Heitman, J.5
  • 163
    • 0001416399 scopus 로고
    • The genetic basis for classification and identification of the ascomycetous yeasts
    • Naumov GI. 1987. The genetic basis for classification and identification of the ascomycetous yeasts. Stud. Mycol. 30:469-75
    • (1987) Stud. Mycol. , vol.30 , pp. 469-475
    • Naumov, G.I.1
  • 164
    • 0018090329 scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans: Pseudohyphal forms surviving culture with Acanthamoeba polyphaga
    • Neilson JB, Ivey MH, Bulmer GS. 1978. Cryptococcus neoformans: pseudohyphal forms surviving culture with Acanthamoeba polyphaga. Infect. Immun. 20:262-66
    • (1978) Infect. Immun. , vol.20 , pp. 262-266
    • Neilson, J.B.1    Ivey, M.H.2    Bulmer, G.S.3
  • 165
    • 23344443130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans α strains preferentially disseminate to the central nervous system during coinfection
    • Nielsen K, Cox GM, Litvintseva AP, Mylonakis E, Malliaris SD, et al. 2005. Cryptococcus neoformans α strains preferentially disseminate to the central nervous system during coinfection. Infect. Immun. 73:4922-33
    • (2005) Infect. Immun. , vol.73 , pp. 4922-4933
    • Nielsen, K.1    Cox, G.M.2    Litvintseva, A.P.3    Mylonakis, E.4    Malliaris, S.D.5
  • 166
    • 12244308131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serotyping of 467 Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from clinical and environmental sources in Brazil: Analysis of host and regional patterns
    • Nishikawa MM, Lazera MS, Barbosa GG, Trilles L, Balassiano BR, et al. 2003. Serotyping of 467 Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from clinical and environmental sources in Brazil: analysis of host and regional patterns. J. Clin. Microbiol. 41:73-77
    • (2003) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.41 , pp. 73-77
    • Nishikawa, M.M.1    Lazera, M.S.2    Barbosa, G.G.3    Trilles, L.4    Balassiano, B.R.5
  • 167
    • 0034142021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of zoonotic transmission of Cryptococcus neoformans from a pet cockatoo to an immunocompromised patient
    • Nosanchuk JD, Shoham S, Fries BC, Shapiro DS, Levitz SM, Casadevall A. 2000. Evidence of zoonotic transmission of Cryptococcus neoformans from a pet cockatoo to an immunocompromised patient. Ann. Intern. Med. 132:205-8
    • (2000) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.132 , pp. 205-208
    • Nosanchuk, J.D.1    Shoham, S.2    Fries, B.C.3    Shapiro, D.S.4    Levitz, S.M.5    Casadevall, A.6
  • 168
    • 33750311862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fruit-borne microbial infections: The use of phenotypic and genotypic discriminations in tracing gastrointestinal pathogens
    • Okasha MM, Badr MA. 2002. Fruit-borne microbial infections: the use of phenotypic and genotypic discriminations in tracing gastrointestinal pathogens. Al-Azhar J. Microbiol. 55:137-56
    • (2002) Al-Azhar J. Microbiol. , vol.55 , pp. 137-156
    • Okasha, M.M.1    Badr, M.A.2
  • 169
    • 1942533402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urease expression by Cryptococcus neoformans promotes microvascular sequestration, thereby enhancing central nervous system invasion
    • Olszewski MA, Noverr MC, Chen GH, Toews GB, Cox GM, et al. 2004. Urease expression by Cryptococcus neoformans promotes microvascular sequestration, thereby enhancing central nervous system invasion. Am. J. Pathol. 164:1761-71
    • (2004) Am. J. Pathol. , vol.164 , pp. 1761-1771
    • Olszewski, M.A.1    Noverr, M.C.2    Chen, G.H.3    Toews, G.B.4    Cox, G.M.5
  • 170
    • 0024395127 scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans and munia birds
    • Pal M. 1989. Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans and munia birds. Mycoses 32:250-52
    • (1989) Mycoses , vol.32 , pp. 250-252
    • Pal, M.1
  • 171
    • 0025655890 scopus 로고
    • Isolation of saprophytic Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Pal M, Onda C, Hasegawa A. 1990. Isolation of saprophytic Cryptococcus neoformans. Nippon Juigaku Zasshi 52:1171-74
    • (1990) Nippon Juigaku Zasshi , vol.52 , pp. 1171-1174
    • Pal, M.1    Onda, C.2    Hasegawa, A.3
  • 172
    • 24344500521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans: A sugar-coated killer with designer genes
    • Perfect JR. 2005. Cryptococcus neoformans: a sugar-coated killer with designer genes. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 45:395-404
    • (2005) FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. , vol.45 , pp. 395-404
    • Perfect, J.R.1
  • 174
    • 84907130810 scopus 로고
    • Environmental isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii from Eucalyptus tereticornis
    • Pfeiffer TJ, Ellis DH. 1992. Environmental isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii from Eucalyptus tereticornis. J. Med. Vet. Mycol. 30:407-8
    • (1992) J. Med. Vet. Mycol. , vol.30 , pp. 407-408
    • Pfeiffer, T.J.1    Ellis, D.H.2
  • 175
    • 4344691709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application and evaluation of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis to analyze the yeast ecology of wine grapes
    • Prakitchaiwattana CJ, Fleet GH, Heard GM. 2004. Application and evaluation of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis to analyze the yeast ecology of wine grapes. FEMS Yeast Res. 4:865-77
    • (2004) FEMS Yeast Res. , vol.4 , pp. 865-877
    • Prakitchaiwattana, C.J.1    Fleet, G.H.2    Heard, G.M.3
  • 176
    • 0742269682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclic AMP signaling in Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Pukkila-Worley R, Alspaugh JA. 2004. Cyclic AMP signaling in Cryptococcus neoformans. FEMS Yeast Res. 4:361-67
    • (2004) FEMS Yeast Res. , vol.4 , pp. 361-367
    • Pukkila-Worley, R.1    Alspaugh, J.A.2
  • 177
    • 13244277974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of swabbing versus a conventional technique for isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans from decayed wood in tree trunk hollows
    • Randhawa HS, Kowshik T, Khan ZU. 2005. Efficacy of swabbing versus a conventional technique for isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans from decayed wood in tree trunk hollows. Med. Mycol. 43:67-71
    • (2005) Med. Mycol. , vol.43 , pp. 67-71
    • Randhawa, H.S.1    Kowshik, T.2    Khan, Z.U.3
  • 179
  • 180
    • 0019468449 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of Cryptococcus neoformans in a natural site
    • Ruiz A, Fromtling RA, Bulmer GS. 1981. Distribution of Cryptococcus neoformans in a natural site. Infect. Immun. 31:560-63
    • (1981) Infect. Immun. , vol.31 , pp. 560-563
    • Ruiz, A.1    Fromtling, R.A.2    Bulmer, G.S.3
  • 181
    • 84907124026 scopus 로고
    • Control of Cryptococcus neoformans in nature by biotic factors
    • Ruiz A, Neilson JB, Bulmer GS. 1982. Control of Cryptococcus neoformans in nature by biotic factors. Sabouraudia 20:21-29
    • (1982) Sabouraudia , vol.20 , pp. 21-29
    • Ruiz, A.1    Neilson, J.B.2    Bulmer, G.S.3
  • 182
    • 30644476416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Killing of Cryptococcus neoformans by Staphylococcus aureus: The role of cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide in the fungal-bacteria interaction
    • Saito F, Ikeda R. 2005. Killing of Cryptococcus neoformans by Staphylococcus aureus: the role of cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide in the fungal-bacteria interaction. Med. Mycol. 43:603-12
    • (2005) Med. Mycol. , vol.43 , pp. 603-612
    • Saito, F.1    Ikeda, R.2
  • 183
    • 0000452612 scopus 로고
    • Contributo alla morfologia e biologia dei blastomiceti che si sviluppano nei succhi di alcuni frutti
    • Sanfelice F. 1894. Contributo alla morfologia e biologia dei blastomiceti che si sviluppano nei succhi di alcuni frutti. Ann. Igien. 4:463-95
    • (1894) Ann. Igien. , vol.4 , pp. 463-495
    • Sanfelice, F.1
  • 184
    • 1842431591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of extracellular phospholipases and mononuclear phagocytes in dissemination of cryptococcosis in a murine model
    • Santangelo R, Zoellner H, Sorrell T, Wilson C, Donald C, et al. 2004. Role of extracellular phospholipases and mononuclear phagocytes in dissemination of cryptococcosis in a murine model. Infect. Immun. 72:2229-39
    • (2004) Infect. Immun. , vol.72 , pp. 2229-2239
    • Santangelo, R.1    Zoellner, H.2    Sorrell, T.3    Wilson, C.4    Donald, C.5
  • 187
    • 0033251863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fungal infections of the urinary tract
    • Sobel JD, Vazquez JA. 1999. Fungal infections of the urinary tract. World J. Urol. 17:410-14
    • (1999) World J. Urol. , vol.17 , pp. 410-414
    • Sobel, J.D.1    Vazquez, J.A.2
  • 188
    • 0029939336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concordance of clinical and environmental isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii by random amplification of polymorphic DNA analysis and PCR fingerprinting
    • Sorrell TC, Chen SC, Ruma P, Meyer W, Pfeiffer TJ, et al. 1996. Concordance of clinical and environmental isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii by random amplification of polymorphic DNA analysis and PCR fingerprinting. J. Clin. Microbiol. 34:1253-60
    • (1996) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.34 , pp. 1253-1260
    • Sorrell, T.C.1    Chen, S.C.2    Ruma, P.3    Meyer, W.4    Pfeiffer, T.J.5
  • 189
    • 0020418710 scopus 로고
    • Bird manure filtrate agar for the formation of the perfect state of Cryptococcus neoformans, Filobasidiella neoformans. A comparative study of the agars prepared from pigeon and canary manure
    • Staib F, Blisse A. 1982. Bird manure filtrate agar for the formation of the perfect state of Cryptococcus neoformans, Filobasidiella neoformans. A comparative study of the agars prepared from pigeon and canary manure. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Mikrobiol. Hyg. A 251:554-62
    • (1982) Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Mikrobiol. Hyg. A , vol.251 , pp. 554-562
    • Staib, F.1    Blisse, A.2
  • 190
    • 0022293783 scopus 로고
    • A Cryptococcus neoformans strain from the brain of a wildlife fox (Vulpes vulpes) suspected of rabies: Mycological observations and comments
    • Staib F, Weller W, Brem S, Schindlmayr R, Schmittdiel E. 1985. A Cryptococcus neoformans strain from the brain of a wildlife fox (Vulpes vulpes) suspected of rabies: mycological observations and comments. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Mikrobiol. Hyg. A 260:566-71
    • (1985) Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Mikrobiol. Hyg. A , vol.260 , pp. 566-571
    • Staib, F.1    Weller, W.2    Brem, S.3    Schindlmayr, R.4    Schmittdiel, E.5
  • 191
    • 0038054472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origin and maintenance of virulence for the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Steenbergen JN, Casadevall A. 2003. The origin and maintenance of virulence for the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. Microbes Infect. 5:667-75
    • (2003) Microbes Infect. , vol.5 , pp. 667-675
    • Steenbergen, J.N.1    Casadevall, A.2
  • 192
    • 0041823555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans virulence is enhanced after growth in the genetically malleable host Dictyostelium discoideum
    • Steenbergen JN, Nosanchuk JD, Malliaris SD, Casadevall A. 2003. Cryptococcus neoformans virulence is enhanced after growth in the genetically malleable host Dictyostelium discoideum. Infect. Immun. 71:4862-72
    • (2003) Infect. Immun. , vol.71 , pp. 4862-4872
    • Steenbergen, J.N.1    Nosanchuk, J.D.2    Malliaris, S.D.3    Casadevall, A.4
  • 193
    • 0035909926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans interactions with amoebae suggest an explanation for its virulence and intracellular pathogenic strategy in macrophages
    • Steenbergen JN, Shuman HA, Casadevall A. 2001. Cryptococcus neoformans interactions with amoebae suggest an explanation for its virulence and intracellular pathogenic strategy in macrophages. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98:15245-50
    • (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.98 , pp. 15245-15250
    • Steenbergen, J.N.1    Shuman, H.A.2    Casadevall, A.3
  • 194
    • 0011932389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenicity of basidiospores of Filobasidiella neoformans var. neoformans
    • Sukroongreung S, Kitiniyom K, Nilakul C, Tantimavanich S. 1998. Pathogenicity of basidiospores of Filobasidiella neoformans var. neoformans. Med. Mycol. 36:419-24
    • (1998) Med. Mycol. , vol.36 , pp. 419-424
    • Sukroongreung, S.1    Kitiniyom, K.2    Nilakul, C.3    Tantimavanich, S.4
  • 196
    • 0029953303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistence, replacement, and microevolution of Cryptococcus neoformans strains in recurrent meningitis in AIDS patients
    • Sullivan D, Haynes K, Moran G, Shanley D, Coleman D. 1996. Persistence, replacement, and microevolution of Cryptococcus neoformans strains in recurrent meningitis in AIDS patients. J. Clin. Microbiol. 34:1739-44
    • (1996) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.34 , pp. 1739-1744
    • Sullivan, D.1    Haynes, K.2    Moran, G.3    Shanley, D.4    Coleman, D.5
  • 200
    • 28444488924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans gene involved in mammalian pathogenesis identified by a Caenorhabditis elegans progeny-based approach
    • Tang RJ, Breger J, Idnurm A, Gerik KJ, Lodge JK, et al. 2005. Cryptococcus neoformans gene involved in mammalian pathogenesis identified by a Caenorhabditis elegans progeny-based approach. Infect. Immun. 73:8219-25
    • (2005) Infect. Immun. , vol.73 , pp. 8219-8225
    • Tang, R.J.1    Breger, J.2    Idnurm, A.3    Gerik, K.J.4    Lodge, J.K.5
  • 201
    • 0031155411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus in tree (Tupaia tana and Tupaia minor) and elephant shrews (Macroscelides proboscides)
    • Tell LA, Nichols DK, Fleming WP, Bush M. 1997. Cryptococcus in tree (Tupaia tana and Tupaia minor) and elephant shrews (Macroscelides proboscides). J. Zool. Wildl. Med. 28:175-81
    • (1997) J. Zool. Wildl. Med. , vol.28 , pp. 175-181
    • Tell, L.A.1    Nichols, D.K.2    Fleming, W.P.3    Bush, M.4
  • 203
    • 12344310977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Follow-up of epidemiological data of cryptococcosis in Austria, Germany and Switzerland with special focus on the characterization of clinical isolates
    • Tintelnot K, Lemmer K, Losert H, Schar G, Polak A. 2004. Follow-up of epidemiological data of cryptococcosis in Austria, Germany and Switzerland with special focus on the characterization of clinical isolates. Mycoses 47:455-64
    • (2004) Mycoses , vol.47 , pp. 455-464
    • Tintelnot, K.1    Lemmer, K.2    Losert, H.3    Schar, G.4    Polak, A.5
  • 204
    • 0038705053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COX1) expression in Cryptococcus neoformans by temperature and host environment
    • Toffaletti DL, Del Poeta M, Rude TH, Dietrich F, Perfect JR. 2003. Regulation of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COX1) expression in Cryptococcus neoformans by temperature and host environment. Microbiology 149:1041-49
    • (2003) Microbiology , vol.149 , pp. 1041-1049
    • Toffaletti, D.L.1    Del Poeta, M.2    Rude, T.H.3    Dietrich, F.4    Perfect, J.R.5
  • 206
    • 0031440739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of serotype D in Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from HIV positive and HIV negative patients in Italy
    • Tortorano AM, Viviani MA, Rigoni AL, Cogliati M, Roverselli A, Pagano A. 1997. Prevalence of serotype D in Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from HIV positive and HIV negative patients in Italy. Mycoses 40:297-302
    • (1997) Mycoses , vol.40 , pp. 297-302
    • Tortorano, A.M.1    Viviani, M.A.2    Rigoni, A.L.3    Cogliati, M.4    Roverselli, A.5    Pagano, A.6
  • 209
    • 20544477898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cellular responses induced by the capsular polysaccharide of Cryptococcus neoformans differ depending on the presence or absence of specific protective antibodies
    • Vecchiarelli A. 2005. The cellular responses induced by the capsular polysaccharide of Cryptococcus neoformans differ depending on the presence or absence of specific protective antibodies. Curr. Mol. Med. 5:413-20
    • (2005) Curr. Mol. Med. , vol.5 , pp. 413-420
    • Vecchiarelli, A.1
  • 210
    • 23844435604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel gene functions required for melanization of the human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Walton FJ, Idnurm A, Heitman J. 2005. Novel gene functions required for melanization of the human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. Mol. Microbiol. 57:1381-96
    • (2005) Mol. Microbiol. , vol.57 , pp. 1381-1396
    • Walton, F.J.1    Idnurm, A.2    Heitman, J.3
  • 211
    • 0033178303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signal transduction cascades regulating mating, filamentation, and virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Wang P, Heitman J. 1999. Signal transduction cascades regulating mating, filamentation, and virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 2:358-62
    • (1999) Curr. Opin. Microbiol. , vol.2 , pp. 358-362
    • Wang, P.1    Heitman, J.2
  • 212
    • 0002646854 scopus 로고
    • Yeasts of medical importance
    • ed. WJ Hausler Jr, A Balows, KL Herrmann, HD Isenberg, HJ Shadomy. Washington, DC: ASM Press
    • Warren NG, Shadomy HJ. 1991. Yeasts of medical importance. In Manual of Clinical Microbiology, ed. WJ Hausler Jr, A Balows, KL Herrmann, HD Isenberg, HJ Shadomy, pp. 617-29. Washington, DC: ASM Press
    • (1991) Manual of Clinical Microbiology , pp. 617-629
    • Warren, N.G.1    Shadomy, H.J.2
  • 213
    • 0036801884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of mating type and morphology in Cryptococcus neoformans pathogenesis
    • Wickes BL. 2002. The role of mating type and morphology in Cryptococcus neoformans pathogenesis. Int. J. Med. Microbiol. 292:313-29
    • (2002) Int. J. Med. Microbiol. , vol.292 , pp. 313-329
    • Wickes, B.L.1
  • 214
    • 0029951165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dimorphism and haploid fruiting in Cryptococcus neoformans: Association with the alpha-mating type
    • Wickes BL, Mayorga ME, Edman U, Edman JC. 1996. Dimorphism and haploid fruiting in Cryptococcus neoformans: association with the alpha-mating type. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:7327-31
    • (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.93 , pp. 7327-7331
    • Wickes, B.L.1    Mayorga, M.E.2    Edman, U.3    Edman, J.C.4
  • 215
    • 10344265511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innate imprinting by the modified heat-labile toxin of Escherichia coli (LTK63) provides generic protection against lung infectious disease
    • Williams AE, Edwards L, Humphreys IR, Snelgrove R, Rae A, et al. 2004. Innate imprinting by the modified heat-labile toxin of Escherichia coli (LTK63) provides generic protection against lung infectious disease. J. Immunol. 173:7435-43
    • (2004) J. Immunol. , vol.173 , pp. 7435-7443
    • Williams, A.E.1    Edwards, L.2    Humphreys, I.R.3    Snelgrove, R.4    Rae, A.5
  • 217
    • 0036146654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple origins of hybrid strains of Cryptococcus neoformans with serotype AD
    • Xu J, Luo G, Vilgalys RJ, Brandt ME, Mitchell TG. 2002. Multiple origins of hybrid strains of Cryptococcus neoformans with serotype AD. Microbiology 148:203-12
    • (2002) Microbiology , vol.148 , pp. 203-212
    • Xu, J.1    Luo, G.2    Vilgalys, R.J.3    Brandt, M.E.4    Mitchell, T.G.5
  • 218
    • 0041923940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative gene genealogical analyses of strains of serotype AD identify recombination in populations of serotypes A and D in the human pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Xu J, Mitchell TG. 2003. Comparative gene genealogical analyses of strains of serotype AD identify recombination in populations of serotypes A and D in the human pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans. Microbiology 149:2147-54
    • (2003) Microbiology , vol.149 , pp. 2147-2154
    • Xu, J.1    Mitchell, T.G.2
  • 219
    • 0033675677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple gene genealogies reveal recent dispersion and hybridization in the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans
    • Xu J, Vilgalys R, Mitchell TG. 2000. Multiple gene genealogies reveal recent dispersion and hybridization in the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. Mol. Ecol. 9:1471-81
    • (2000) Mol. Ecol. , vol.9 , pp. 1471-1481
    • Xu, J.1    Vilgalys, R.2    Mitchell, T.G.3
  • 220
    • 0028842674 scopus 로고
    • Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of clinically and environmentally isolated Cryptococcus neoformans in Nagasaki
    • Yamamoto Y, Kohno S, Koga H, Kakeya H, Tomono K, et al. 1995. Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of clinically and environmentally isolated Cryptococcus neoformans in Nagasaki. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:3328-32
    • (1995) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.33 , pp. 3328-3332
    • Yamamoto, Y.1    Kohno, S.2    Koga, H.3    Kakeya, H.4    Tomono, K.5
  • 221
    • 1842425679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental studies on ploidy evolution in yeast
    • Zeyl C. 2004. Experimental studies on ploidy evolution in yeast. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 233:187-92
    • (2004) FEMS Microbiol. Lett. , vol.233 , pp. 187-192
    • Zeyl, C.1
  • 222
    • 0030791414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The advantage of sex in evolving yeast populations
    • Zeyl C, Bell G. 1997. The advantage of sex in evolving yeast populations. Nature 388:465-68
    • (1997) Nature , vol.388 , pp. 465-468
    • Zeyl, C.1    Bell, G.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.