CDK-9/cyclin T (P-TEFb) is required in two postinitiation pathways for transcription in the C. elegans embryo

Genes and Development

Volumn 16, Issue 16, 2002, Pages 2135-2146

  Shim, Eun Yong ^a   Walker, Amy K ^a   Shi, Yang ^a   Blackwell, T Keith ^a  

^a HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

C. elegans; CDK9; DSIF; P TEFb; SPT5; Transcription

Indexed keywords

CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE 9; CYCLIN T1; ELONGATION FACTOR 1; HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN; MESSENGER RNA; PHOSPHOTRANSFERASE; PROTEIN SPT 4; PROTEIN SPT 5; RNA POLYMERASE II; SERINE DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS; CARBOXY TERMINAL SEQUENCE; CELL ACTIVATION; COMPLEX FORMATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; EMBRYO; GENE EXPRESSION; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; NONHUMAN; PHOSPHORYLATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; PROTEIN DOMAIN; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION; VIRUS TRANSCRIPTION;

ANIMALS; CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS; CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS PROTEINS; CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 9; CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL; MICROSCOPY, FLUORESCENCE; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; MODELS, GENETIC; NUCLEAR PROTEINS; PHENOTYPE; PHOSPHORYLATION; POSITIVE TRANSCRIPTIONAL ELONGATION FACTOR B; PROTEIN-SERINE-THREONINE KINASES; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RNA; SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE PROTEINS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; TRANSCRIPTION, GENETIC; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ELONGATION FACTORS;

CAENORHABDITIS; CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; INVERTEBRATA; METAZOA;

EID: 0037102566     PISSN: 08909369     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1101/gad.999002     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. Distinct activated and non-activated RNA polymerase II complexes in yeast
2. High-resolution localization of Drosophila Spt5 and Spt6 at heat shock genes in vivo: Roles in promoter proximal pausing and transcription elongation
3. NF-kappaB binds P-TEFb to stimulate transcriptional elongation by RNA polymerase II
4. Phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II largest subunit during Xenopus laevis oocyte maturation
5. Spt5 cooperates with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tat by preventing premature RNA release at terminator sequences
6. Transcription-dependent redistribution of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II to discrete nuclear domains
7. The genetics of Caenorhabditis elegans
8. Flavopiridol inactivates P-TEFb and blocks most RNA polymerase II transcription in vivo
9. Flavopiridol inhibits P-TEFb and blocks HIV-1 replication
10. Tat activates human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcriptional elongation independent of TFIIH kinase
11. Opposing effects of Ctk1 kinase and Fcp1 phosphatase at Ser 2 of the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain
12. Tails of RNA polymerase II
13. Reversible phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II
14. TBP-like factor is required for embryonic RNA polymerase II transcription in C. elegans
15. c-Myc mediates activation of the cad promoter via a post-RNA polymerase II recruitment mechanism
16. Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans
17. Host-cell positive transcription elongation factor b kinase activity is essential and limiting for HIV type 1 replication
18. Capping, splicing, and 3′ processing are independently stimulated by RNA polymerase II: Different functions for different segments of the CTD
19. Stimulatory effect of splicing factors on transcriptional elongation
20. Functional genomic analysis of cell division in C. elegans using RNAi of genes on chromosome III
21. PITALRE, a nuclear CDC2-related protein kinase that phosphorylates the retinoblastoma protein in vitro
22. Caenorhabditis elegans SUR-5, a novel but conserved protein, negatively regulates LET-60 Ras activity during vulval induction
23. A regulator of transcriptional elongation controls vertebrate neuronal development
24. Evidence that Spt4, Spt5, and Spt6 control transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
25. Temporal regulation of RNA polymerase II by Srb10 and Kin28 cyclin-dependent kinases
26. RNA polymerase II and the integration of nuclear events
27. Developmental regulation of a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor controls postembryonic cell cycle progression in Caenorhabditis elegans
28. pha-4, an HNF-3 homolog, specifies pharyngeal organ identity in caenorhabditis elegans
29. Domains in the SPT5 protein that modulate its transcriptional regulatory properties
30. pha-4 is Ce-fkh-1, a fork head/HNF-3α, β, γ homolog that functions in organogenesis of the C. elegans pharynx
31. The TBP-like factor CeTLF is required to activate RNA polymerase II transcription during C. elegans embryogenesis
32. Tat competes with CIITA for the binding to P-TEFb and blocks the expression of MHC class II genes in HIV infection
33. Spt5 and Spt6 are associated with active transcription and have characteristics of general elongation factors in D. melanogaster
34. The elongation factors Pandora/Spt6 and Foggy/Spt5 promote transcription in the zebrafish embryo
35. Tat-SF1 protein associates with RAP30 and human SPT5 proteins
36. ELT-5 and ELT-6 are required continuously to regulate epidermal seam cell differentiation and cell fusion in C. elegans
37. Different phosphorylated forms of RNA polymerase II and associated mRNA processing factors during transcription
38. Transcriptional activation independent of TFIIH kinase and the RNA polymerase II mediator in vivo
39. Androgen receptor interacts with the positive elongation factor P-TEFb and enhances the efficiency of transcriptional elongation
40. Modulation of RNA polymerase II elongation efficiency by C-terminal heptapeptide repeat domain kinase I
41. Genetic interactions of Spt4-Spt5 and TFIIS with the RNA polymerase II CTD and CTD modifying enzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
42. P-TEFb kinase recruitment and function at heat shock loci
43. Functional characterization of SR and SR-related genes in Caenorhabditis elegans
44. Restriction of mesendoderm to a single blastomere by the combined action of SKN-1 and a GSK-3β homolog is mediated by MED-1 and -2 in C. elegans
45. Large-scale analysis of gene function in Caenorhabditis elegans by high- throughput RNAi
46. PTEFB kinase is required for HIV tat transcriptional activation in vivo and in vitro
47. Purification of P-TEFb, a transcription factor required for the transition into productive elongation
48. Activated transcription independent of the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme in budding yeast
49. Phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II carboxy-terminal domain by the Bur1 cyclin-dependent kinase
50. The maternalto-zygotic transition in embryonic patterning of Caenorhabditis elegans
51. Phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain and transcriptional elongation
52. A unified theory of gene expression
53. FACT, a factor that facilitates transcript elongation through nucleosomes
54. Incomplete RNA polymerase II phosphorylation in Xenopus laevis early embryos
55. A novel RNA polymerase II-containing complex potentiates Tat-enhanced HIV-1 transcription
56. Growth-related changes in phosphorylation of yeast RNA polymerase II
57. Yeast carboxyl-terminal domain kinase I positively and negatively regulates RNA polymerase II carboxyl-terminal domain phosphorylation
58. The transition of RNA polymerase II from initiation to elongation is associated with phosphorylation of the carboxyl-terminal domain of subunit IIa
59. Onset of C. elegans gastrulation is blocked by inhibition of embryonic transcription with an RNA polymerase antisense RNA
60. P-TEFb, a cyclin-dependent kinase controlling elongation by RNA polymerase II
61. Asymmetric segregation of PIE-1 in C. elegans is mediated by two complementary mechanisms that act through separate PIE-1 protein domains
62. A highly purified RNA polymerase II elongation control system
63. Kin28, the TFIIH-associated carboxy-terminal domain kinase, facilitates the recruitment of mRNA processing machinery to RNA polymerase II
64. Dynamic association of capping enzymes with transcribing RNA polymerase II
65. Transcriptionally repressed germ cells lack a subpopulation of phosphorylated RNA polymerase II in early embryos of Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster
66. Soma-germline asymmetry in the distributions of embryonic RNAs in Caenorhabditis elegans
67. The yeast carboxyl-terminal repeat domain kinase CTDK-I is a divergent cyclin-cyclin-dependent kinase complex
68. Genetic requirements for inhibition of gene expression and PIE-1 localization in the embryonic germ lineage of caenorhabditis elegans
69. DSIF, a novel transcription elongation factor that regulates RNA polymerase II processivity, is composed of human Spt4 and Spt5 homologs
70. Evidence that P-TEFb alleviates the negative effect of DSIF on RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription in vitro
71. FACT relieves DSIF/NELF-mediated inhibition of transcriptional elongation and reveals functional differences between P-TEFb and TFIIH
72. Distinct requirements for C.elegans TAF(II)s in early embryonic transcription
73. cdk-7 is required for mRNA transcription and cell cycle progression in C. elegans embryos
74. Locus-specific variation in phosphorylation state of RNA polymerase II in vivo: Correlations with gene activity and transcript processing
75. A novel CDK9-associated C-type cyclin interacts directly with HIV-1 Tat and mediates its high-affinity loopspecific binding to Tar RNA
76. Cap methyltransferase selective binding and methylation of GpppG-RNA are stimulated by importin-alpha
77. Role of the human homolog of the yeast transcription factor SPT5 in HIV-1 Tat-activation
78. NELF, a multisubunit complex containing RD, cooperates with DSIF to repress RNA polymerase II elongation
79. Evidence that negative elongation factor represses transcription elongation through binding to a DRB sensitivity-inducing factor/RNA polymerase II complex and RNA
80. TAK, an HIV Tat-associated kinase, is a member of the cyclin-dependent family of protein kinases and is induced by activation of peripheral blood lymphocytes and differentiation of promonocytic cell lines
81. Tat modifies the activity of CDK9 to phosphorylate serine 5 of the RNA polymerase II carboxyl-terminal domain during human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription
82. Reprogramming of early embryonic blastomeres into endodermal progenitors by a Caenorhabditis elegans GATA factor
83. Transcription elongation factor P-TEFb is required for HIV-1 tat transactivation in vitro