Goals and milestones during treatment of HIV-1 infection with antiretroviral therapy: A pathogenesis-based perspective

Antiviral Research

Volumn 55, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 15-25

  Louie, Michael ^a   Markowitz, Martin ^a  

^a AARON DIAMOND AIDS RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

HIV AIDS; Prognostic indicators; Treatment; Treatment guidelines

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; CD4 ANTIGEN; CD8 ANTIGEN; VIRUS RNA; ANTI HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AGENT;

CLINICAL FEATURE; DISEASE COURSE; DRUG MECHANISM; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS; LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; T LYMPHOCYTE; T LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION; TREATMENT INDICATION; VIROGENESIS; IMMUNOLOGY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; VIROLOGY;

ANTI-HIV AGENTS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, HIGHLY ACTIVE; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV-1; HUMAN; PRACTICE GUIDELINES; HUMANS;

HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1;

EID: 0035997916     PISSN: 01663542     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0166-3542(02)00022-0     Document Type: Review

References (87)

1. Cytokine patterns in adults with AIDS
2. Progressive human immunodeficiency virus-specific immune recovery with prolonged viral suppression
3. + T cell homeostasis and function in advanced HIV disease
4. Adherence to protease inhibitors, HIV-1 viral load, and development of drug resistance in an indigent population
5. Highly active antiretroviral therapy during early HIV infection reverses T-cell activation and maturation abnormalities. Swiss HIV Cohort Study
6. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha drives HIV-1 replication in U937 cell clones and upregulates CXCR4
7. HIV-1 drug resistance in newly infected individuals
8. Antiretroviral therapy in adults: Updated recommendations of the International AIDS Society-USA Panel
9. Adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy
10. Pathogenesis of HIV-1-protease inhibitor-associated peripheral lipodystrophy, hyperlipidaemia, and insulin resistance
11. Quantification of latent tissue reservoirs and total body viral load in HIV-1 infection
12. + T cells during primary HIV-1 infection
13. Immunological effects of antiretroviral therapy
14. + cell count. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. AIDS Clinical Trials Group 362 Study Team
15. Transient high levels of viremia in patients with primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
16. Rapid effect of interleukin-2 therapy in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients whose CD4 cell counts increase only slightly in response to combined antiretroviral treatment
17. Residual HIV-1 RNA in blood plasma of patients taking suppressive highly active antiretroviral therapy
18. Changes in thymic function with age and during the treatment of HIV infection
19. Atopy, anergic status, and cytokine expression in HIV-infected subjects
20. + T cell population with memory rather than naive cells
21. Immunopathogenic mechanisms of HIV infection
22. + T cells provides a mechanism for lifelong persistence of HIV-1, even in patients on effective combination therapy
23. Antiretroviral therapy in 1999 for antiretroviral-naive individuals with HIV infection
24. Reduction of immune system activation in HIV-1-infected patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy
25. Discontinuation of primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV-1-infected adults treated with combination antiretroviral therapy. Swiss HIV Cohort Study
26. Persistence of HIV-1 transcription in peripheral-blood mononuclear cells in patients receiving potent antiretroviral therapy
27. Anti-HIV effect of saquinavir combined with ritonavir is limited by previous long-term therapy with protease inhibitors
28. Detection of HIV-1 in serum, using reverse transcription and the polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
29. Clinical outcome of patients with HIV-1 infection according to immunologic and virologic response after 6 months of highly active antiretroviral therapy
30. Treatment with indinavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine in adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection and prior antiretroviral therapy
31. Evolution of envelope sequences of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in cellular reservoirs in the setting of potent antiviral therapy
32. A controlled trial of two nucleoside analogues plus indinavir in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection and CD4 cell counts of 200 per cubic millimeter or less
33. Drug susceptibility in HIV infection after viral rebound in patients receiving indinavir-containing regimens
34. Quality of life and self-care management strategies of PLWAs with chronic diarrhea
35. Rapid turnover of plasma virions and CD4 lymphocytes in HIV-1 infection
36. Levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte effector and memory responses decline after suppression of viremia with highly active antiretroviral therapy
37. Rapid restoration of CD4 T cell subsets in subjects receiving antiretroviral therapy during primary HIV-1 infection
38. + cells per cubic millimeter. AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study 175 Virology Study Team
39. + T-cell losses using adjusted correlative analyses
40. Use of real-time PCR and molecular beacons to detect virus replication in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected individuals on prolonged effective antiretroviral therapy
41. Long-lasting recovery in CD4 T-cell function and viral-load reduction after highly active antiretroviral therapy in advanced HIV-1 disease
42. Natural history of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viremia after seroconversion and proximal to AIDS in a large cohort of homosexual men. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study
43. In vivo delayed-type hypersensitivity skin test anergy in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection is associated with T cell nonresponsiveness in vitro
44. Effect of combination antiretroviral therapy on T-cell immunity in acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
45. + T-cell depletion in HIV disease
46. Prognosis in HIV-1 infection predicted by the quantity of virus in plasma [published erratum appears in Science 1997;275:14]
47. + lymphocytes as prognostic markers of HIV-1 infection
48. Changing patterns of mortality across Europe in patients infected with HIV-1. EuroSIDA Study Group
49. Rapid turnover of T lymphocytes in SIV-infected rhesus macaques
50. Increased turnover of T lymphocytes in HIV-1 infection and its reduction by antiretroviral therapy
51. Homeostasis of naive and memory T cell subpopulations in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues in the context of human immunodeficiency virus infection
52. Decay kinetics of human immunodeficiency virus-specific effector cytotoxic T lymphocytes after combination antiretroviral therapy
53. + T cells correlate with plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) RNA level in HIV-1 infection
54. + T lymphocytes
55. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection
56. New concepts in the immunopathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus infection
57. Predictors of virological success and ensuing failure in HIV-positive patients starting highly active antiretroviral therapy in Europe. Results from the EuroSIDA Study
58. Adherence to protease inhibitor therapy and outcomes in patients with HIV infection
59. HIV-1 dynamics in vivo: Virion clearance rate, infected cell life-span, and viral generation time
60. Decay characteristics of HIV-1-infected compartments during combination therapy
61. Reservoirs for HIV-1: Mechanisms for viral persistence in the presence of antiviral immune responses and antiretroviral therapy
62. + T cells are detectable in most individuals with active HIV-1 infection, but decline with prolonged viral suppression
63. Functional T cell reconstitution and human immunodeficiency virus-1-specific cell-mediated immunity during highly active antiretroviral therapy
64. Predictors of optimal virological response to potent antiretroviral therapy
65. The decay of the latent reservoir of replication-competent HIV-1 is inversely correlated with the extent of residual viral replication during prolonged anti-retroviral therapy
66. + T cell responses associated with control of viremia
67. Immune control of HIV-1 after early treatment of acute infection
68. Alterations of apolipoprotein B metabolism in HIV-infected patients with antiretroviral combination therapy
69. Discontinuation of prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV-1-infected patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy
70. Alterations in T cell phenotype and human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific cytotoxicity after potent antiretroviral therapy
71. Persistence of episomal HIV-1 infection intermediates in patients on highly active anti-retroviral therapy
72. Latency and reservoirs for HIV-1
73. Persistence of infectious HIV on follicular dendritic cells
74. Abacavir-lamivudine-zidovudine vs indinavir-lamivudine-zidovudine in antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected adults: A randomized equivalence trial
75. Antiretroviral drug concentrations in semen of HIV-1 infected men
76. Increased circulating levels of interleukin-6 in HIV-seropositive subjects [letter]
77. Direct and quantitative detection of HIV-1 RNA in human plasma with a branched DNA signal amplification assay
78. + T cells of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients after 9 months of highly active antiretroviral therapy
79. Discontinuation of anticytomegalovirus therapy in patients with HIV infection and cytomegalovirus retinitis
80. + T cell turnover
81. Quantifying residual HIV-1 replication in patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy