Goal Selection Internally and Externally: A Behavioral Theory of Institutionalization

International Journal of Management Reviews

Volumn 20, Issue , 2018, Pages S19-S38

  Greve, Henrich R ^a   Teh, Daphne ^a  

^a INSEAD   (Singapore)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85040784214     PISSN: 14608545     EISSN: 14682370     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/ijmr.12138     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (143)

1. Amburgey, T.L., Kelly, D. and Barnett, W.P. (1993). Resetting the clock: the dynamics of organizational change and failure. Administrative Science Quarterly, 38, pp. 51–73.
2. Askin, N. and Bothner, M.S. (2016). Status-aspirational pricing: the ‘Chivas Regal’ strategy in U.S. higher education, 2006–2012. Administrative Science Quarterly, 61, pp. 217–253.
3. Audia, P.G. and Brion, S. (2007). Reluctant to change: self-enhancing responses to diverging performance measures. Organizational Behavior & Human Decision Processes, 102, pp. 255–269.
4. Audia, P.G. and Greve, H.R. (2006). Less likely to fail? Low performance, firm size, and factory expansion in the shipbuilding industry. Management Science, 52, pp. 83–94.
5. Audia, P.G., Locke, E.A. and Smith, K.G. (2000). The paradox of success: an archival and a laboratory study of strategic persistence following a radical environmental change. Academy of Management Journal, 43, pp. 837–853.
6. Barnett, M.L. and King, A.A. (2008). Good fences make good neighbors: a longitudinal analysis of an industry self-regulatory institution. Academy of Management Journal, 51, pp. 1150–1170.
7. Barreto, I. (2012). A behavioral theory of market expansion based on the opportunity prospects rule. Organization Science, 23, pp. 1008–1023.
8. Barreto, I. and Baden-Fuller, C. (2006). To conform or to perform? Mimetic behaviour, legitimacy-based groups and performance consequences. Journal of Management Studies, 43, pp. 1559–1580.
9. Bartley, T. and Child, C. (2011). Movements, markets and fields: the effects of anti-sweatshop campaigns on U.S. firms, 1993–2000. Social Forces, 90, pp. 425–451.
10. Bartley, T. and Child, C. (2014). Shaming the corporation: the social production of targets and the anti-sweatshop movement. American Sociological Review, 79, pp. 653–679.
11. Baum, J.A.C. and Dahlin, K.B. (2007). Aspiration performance and railroads’ patterns of learning from train wrecks and crashes. Organization Science, 18, pp. 368–385.
12. Baum, J.A.C., Rowley, T.J., Shipilov, A.V. and Chuang, Y.-T. (2005). Dancing with strangers: aspiration performance and the search for underwriting syndicate partners. Administrative Science Quarterly, 50, pp. 536–575.
13. Baum, J.A.C., Shipilov, A.V. and Rowley, T.J. (2003). Where do small worlds come from? Industrial and Corporate Change, 12, pp. 697–725.
14. Berle, A.A. and Means, G.C. (1932). The Modern Corporation and Private Property. New York, NY: Harcourt, Brace & World.
15. Bermiss, Y.S., Zajac, E.J. and King, B.G. (2014). Under construction: how commensuration and management fashion affect corporate reputation rankings. Organization Science, 25, pp. 591–608.
16. Bowers, A.H., Greve, H.R., Mitsuhashi, H. and Baum, J.A.C. (2014). Competitive parity, status disparity, and mutual forbearance: securities analysts’ competition for investor attention. Academy of Management Journal, 57, pp. 38–62.
17. Briscoe, F. and Safford, S. (2008). The Nixon-in-China effect: activism, imitation, and the institutionalization of contentious practices. Administrative Science Quarterly, 53, pp. 460–491.
18. Briscoe, F., Chin, M.K. and Hambrick, D.C. (2014). CEO ideology as an element of the corporate opportunity structure for social activists. Academy of Management Journal, 57, pp. 1786–1809.
19. Briscoe, F., Gupta, A. and Anner, M.S. (2015). Social activism and practice diffusion: how activist tactics affect non-targeted organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 60, pp. 300–332.
20. Bromiley, P. (1991). Testing a causal model of corporate risk taking and performance. Academy of Management Journal, 34, pp. 37–59.
21. Castellucci, F. and Ertug, G. (2010). What's in it for them? Advantages of higher-status partners in exchange relationships. Academy of Management Journal, 53, pp. 149–166.
22. Chen, W.R. and Miller, K.D. (2007). Situational and institutional determinants of firms’ R&D search intensity. Strategic Management Journal, 28, pp. 369–381.
23. Chin, M.K., Hambrick, D.C. and Treviño, L.K. (2013). Political Ideologies of CEOs: the influence of executives’ values on corporate social responsibility. Administrative Science Quarterly, 58, pp. 197–232.
24. Crilly, D., Zollo, M. and Hansen, M.T. (2012). Faking it or muddling through: understanding decoupling in response to stakeholder pressures. Academy of Management Journal, 55, pp. 1429–1448.
25. Cyert, R.M. and March, J.G. (1963). A Behavioral Theory of the Firm. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
26. Davis, G.F., Diekmann, K.A. and Tinsley, C.H. (1994). The decline and fall of the conglomerate firm in the 1980s: the deinstitutionalization of an organizational form. American Sociological Review, 59, pp. 547–570.
27. Davis, G.F. and Greve, H.R. (1997). Corporate elite networks and governance changes in the 1980s. American Journal of Sociology, 103, pp. 1–37.
28. Delmas, M.A. and Montes-Sancho, M.J. (2010). Voluntary agreements to improve environmental quality: symbolic and substantive cooperation. Strategic Management Journal, 31, pp. 575–601.
29. Desai, V.M. (2008). Constrained growth: how experience, legitimacy, and age influence risk taking in organizations. Organization Science, 19, pp. 594–608.
30. Desai, V.M. (2011). Mass media and massive failures: determining organizational efforts to defend field legitimacy following crises. Academy of Management Journal, 54, pp. 263–278.
31. Desai, V.M. (2016). The behavioral theory of the (governed) firm: corporate board influences on organizations’ responses to performance shortfalls. Academy of Management Journal, 59, pp. 860–879.
32. DiMaggio, P.J. and Powell, W.W. (1983). The iron cage revisited: institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review, 48, pp. 147–160.
33. Dobbin, F. and Kelly, E.L. (2007). How to stop harassment: professional construction of legal compliance in organizations. American Journal of Sociology, 112, pp. 1203–1243.
34. Edelman, L.B. (1990). Legal environments and organizational governance: the expansion of due process in the American workplace. American Journal of Sociology, 95, pp. 1401–1440.
35. Edelman, L.B. (1992). Legal ambiguity and symbolic structures: organizational mediation of civil rights law. American Journal of Sociology, 97, pp. 1531–1576.
36. Espeland, W.N. and Sauder, M. (2007). Rankings and reactivity: how public measures recreate social worlds. American Journal of Sociology, 113, pp. 1–40.
37. Fama, E.F. (1980). Agency problems and the theory of the firm. Journal of Political Economy, 88, pp. 288–307.
38. Fama, E.F. and Jensen, M.C. (1983). The separation of ownership and control. Journal of Law and Economics, 26, pp. 301–325.
39. Ferrier, W.J., Fhionnlaoich, C.M., Smith, K.G. and Grimm, C.M. (2002). The impact of performance distress on aggressive competitive behavior: a reconciliation of conflicting views. Managerial and Decision Economics, 23, pp. 301–316.
40. Fiegenbaum, A. and Thomas, H. (1986). Dynamic and risk measurement perspectives on Bowman's risk–return paradox for strategic management: an empirical study. Strategic Management Journal, 7, pp. 395–407.
41. Fiss, P.C., Kennedy, M.T. and Davis, G.F. (2012). How golden parachutes unfolded: diffusion and variation of a controversial practice. Organization Science, 23, pp. 1077–1099.
42. Fleischer, A. (2009). Ambiguity and the equity of rating systems: united states brokerage firms, 1995–2000. Administrative Science Quarterly, 54, pp. 555–574.
43. Gaba, V. and Joseph, J. (2013). Corporate structure and performance feedback: aspirations and adaptation in m-form firms. Organization Science, 24, pp. 1102–1119.
44. Gavetti, G., Greve, H.R., Levinthal, D.A. and Ocasio, W. (2012). The behavioral theory of the firm: assessment and prospects. Academy of Management Annals, 6, pp. 1–40.
45. George, E., Chattopadhyay, P., Sitkin, S.B. and Barden, J. (2006). Cognitive underpinnings of institutional persistence and change: a framing perspective. Academy of Management Review, 31, pp. 347–385.
46. Godfrey, P.C., Merrill, C.B. and Hansen, J.M. (2009). The relationship between corporate social responsibility and shareholder value: an empirical test of the risk management hypothesis. Strategic Management Journal, 30, pp. 425–445.
47. Greenwood, R., Raynard, M., Kodeih, F., Micelotta, E.R. and Lounsbury, M. (2011). Institutional complexity and organizational responses. Academy of Management Annals, 5, pp. 317–371.
48. Greve, H.R. (1998). Performance, aspirations, and risky organizational change. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44, pp. 58–86.
49. Greve, H.R. (2003a). A behavioral theory of R&D expenditures and innovation: evidence from shipbuilding. Academy of Management Journal, 46, pp. 685–702.
50. Greve, H.R. (2003b). Organizational Learning from Performance Feedback: A Behavioral Perspective on Innovation and Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
51. Greve, H.R. (2008). A behavioral theory of firm growth: sequential attention to size and performance goals. Academy of Management Journal, 51, pp. 476–494.
52. Greve, H.R. (2009). Bigger and safer: the diffusion of competitive advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 30, pp. 1–23.
53. Greve, H.R. and Rao, H. (2012). Echoes of the past: organizational foundings as sources of an institutional legacy of mutualism. American Journal of Sociology, 118, pp. 635–675.
54. Greve, H.R. and Zhang, C.M. (2016). Myopic reactions to performance feedback: different decision makers, different decisions. Singapore: INSEAD.
55. Greve, H.R., Kim, J.-Y. and Teh, D. (2016). Ripples of fear: the diffusion of a bank panic. American Sociological Review, 81, pp. 396–420.
56. Guler, I., Guillen, M.F. and Macpherson, J.M. (2002). Global competition, institutions, and the diffusion of organizational practices: the international spread of ISO 9000 quality certificates. Administrative Science Quarterly, 47, pp. 207–232.
57. Haleblian, J., Kim, J.-Y.J. and Rajagopalan, N. (2006). The influence of acquisition experience and performance on acquisition behavior: evidence from the U.S. commercial banking industry. Academy of Management Journal, 49, pp. 357–370.
58. Halliday, T.C., Powell, M.J. and Granfors, M.W. (1993). After minimalism: transformations of state bar associations from market dependence to state reliance, 1918 to 1950. American Sociological Review, 58, pp. 515–535.
59. Hirsch, P.M. (1986). From ambushes to golden parachutes: corporate takeovers as an instance of cultural framing and institutional integration. American Journal of Sociology, 91, pp. 800–837.
60. Hwang, H. and Powell, W.W. (2009). The rationalization of charity: the influences of professionalism in the nonprofit sector. Administrative Science Quarterly, 54, pp. 268–298.
61. Iyer, D.N. and Miller, K.D. (2008). Performance feedback, slack, and the timing of acquisitions. Academy of Management Journal, 51, pp. 808–822.
62. Jacob, B.A. and Levitt, S.D. (2003). Rotten apples: an investigation of the prevalence and predictors of teacher cheating. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 118, pp. 843–877.
63. Jepperson, R.L. (1991). The public order and the construction of formal organizations. In. Powell W.W. and Dimaggio P.J. (eds), The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, pp. 204–231.
64. Jung, J.C. and Bansal, P. (2009). How firm performance affects internationalization. Management International Review, 49, pp. 709–732.
65. Kelly, D. and Amburgey, T.L. (1991). Organizational inertia and momentum: a dynamic model of strategic change. Academy of Management Journal, 34, pp. 591–612.
66. Kennedy, M.T. and Fiss, P.C. (2009). Institutionalization, framing, and diffusion: the logic of TQM adoption and implementation decisions among U.S. hospitals. Academy of Management Journal, 52, pp. 897–918.
67. King, B.G. (2008). A political mediation model of corporate response to social movement activism. Administrative Science Quarterly, 53, pp. 395–421.
68. King, M.D. and Haveman, H.A. (2008). Antislavery in America: the press, the pulpit, and the rise of antislavery societies. Administrative Science Quarterly, 53, pp. 492–528.
69. Koh, P.-S., Qian, C. and Wang, H. (2014). Firm litigation risk and the insurance value of corporate social performance. Strategic Management Journal, 35, pp. 1464–1482.
70. Kraatz, M.S. (1998). Learning by association? Interorganizational networks and adaptation to environmental change. Academy of Management Journal, 41, pp. 621–643.
71. Lant, T.K. (1992). Aspiration level adaptation: an empirical exploration. Management Science, 38, pp. 623–644.
72. Leblebici, H., Salancik, G.R., Copay, A. and King, T. (1991). Institutional change and the transformation of interorganizational fields: an organizational history of the U.S. radio broadcasting industry. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36, pp. 333–363.
73. Lee, M.-D.P. and Lounsbury, M. (2015). Filtering institutional logics: community logic variation and differential responses to the institutional complexity of toxic waste. Organization Science, 26, pp. 847–866.
74. Lehman, D.W. and Hahn, J. (2013). Momentum and organizational risk taking: evidence from the national football league. Management Science, 59, pp. 852–868.
75. Lehman, D.W., Hahn, J., Ramanujam, R. and Alge, B.J. (2011). The dynamics of the performance–risk relationship within a performance period: the moderating role of deadline proximity. Organization Science, 22, pp. 1613–1630.
76. Levitt, B. and March, J.G. (1988). Organizational learning. In Scott, W.R. and Blake, J. (eds), Annual Review of Sociology, 14. Palo Alto, CA: Annual Reviews, pp. 319–340.
77. Lounsbury, M. (2001). Institutional sources of practice variation: staffing college and university recycling programs. Administrative Science Quarterly, 46, pp. 29–56.
78. Lounsbury, M. (2005). Institutional variation in the evolution of social movements: competing logics and the spread of recycling advocacy groups.In. Davis, G.F., McAdam, D., Scott, W.R. and Zald, M.N. (eds), Social Movements and Organization Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 73–95.
79. Luo, X., Wang, H., Raithel, S. and Zheng, Q. (2015). Corporate social performance, analyst stock recommendation, and firm future returns. Strategic Management Journal, 36, pp. 123–136.
80. Madsen, P.M. (2013). Perils and profits: a reexamination of the link between profitability and safety in U.S. aviation. Journal of Management, 39, pp. 763–791.
81. Manns, C.L. and March, J.G. (1978). Financial adversity, internal competition, and curriculum change in a university. Administrative Science Quarterly, 23, pp. 541–552.
82. March, J.G. and Simon, H. (1958). Organizations. New York, NY: Wiley.
83. Marquis, C. (2003). The pressure of the past: network imprinting in intercorporate communities. Administrative Science Quarterly, 48, pp. 655–689.
84. Marquis, C., Davis, G.F. and Glynn, M.A. (2013). Golfing alone? Corporations, elites, and nonprofit growth in 100 American communities. Organization Science, 24, pp. 39–57.
85. Massini, S., Lewin, A.Y. and Greve, H.R. (2005). Innovators and imitators: organizational reference groups and adoption of organizational routines. Research Policy, 34, pp. 1550–1569.
86. McDonald, R. and Eisenhardt, K.M. (2014). Competing in new markets and the search for a viable business model. Harvard Business School Working Paper, 14 (088).
87. McDonnell, M.-H. and King, B. (2013). Keeping up appearances: reputational threat and impression management after social movement boycotts. Administrative Science Quarterly, 58, pp. 387–419.
88. Meyer, J.W. and Rowan, B. (1977). Institutionalized organizations: formal structure as myth and ceremony. American Journal of Sociology, 83, pp. 340–363.
89. Meyer, J.W. and Rowan, B. (1978). The structure of educational organizations. In Meyer M.W. (ed.), Environments and Organizations. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, pp. 78–109.
90. Miller, K.D. and Chen, W.-R. (2004). Variable organizational risk preferences: tests of the March–Shapira model. Academy of Management Journal, 47, pp. 105–115.
91. Mishina, Y., Dykes, B.J., Block, E.S. and Pollock, T.G. (2010). Why ‘good’ firms do bad things: the effects of high aspirations, high expectations, and prominence on the incidence of corporate illegality. Academy of Management Journal, 53, pp. 701–722.
92. Mone, M.A., McKinley, W. and Barker, V.L. III (1998). Organizational decline and innovation: a contingency framework. Academy of Management Review, 23, pp. 115–132.
93. Negro, G., Hannan, M.T. and Fassiotto, M. (2015). Category signaling and reputation. Organization Science, 26, pp. 584–600.
94. Palmer, D. and Barber, B.M. (2001). Challengers, elites, and owning families: a social class theory of corporate acquisitions in the 1960s. Administrative Science Quarterly, 46, pp. 87–120.
95. Park, K.M. (2007). Antecedents of convergence and divergence in strategic positioning: the effects of performance and aspiration on the direction of strategic change. Organization Science, 18, pp. 386–402.
96. Perrow, C.E. (1961). The analysis of goals in complex organizations. American Sociological Review, 26, pp. 854–866.
97. Petkova, A.P., Wadhwa, A.N.U. and Xin, Y.A.O. and Jain, S. (2014). Reputation and decision making under ambiguity: a study of U.S. venture capital firms’ investments in the emerging clean energy sector. Academy of Management Journal, 57, pp. 422–448.
98. Pfarrer, M.D., Pollock, T.G. and Rindova, V.P. (2010). A tale of two assets: the effects of firm reputation and celebrity on earnings surprises and investors’ reactions. Academy of Management Journal, 53, pp. 1131–1152.
99. Pfeffer, J. and Salancik, G.R. (1978). The External Control of Organizations. New York, NY: Harper & Row.
100. Phillips, D.J. and Zuckerman, E.W. (2002). Middle-status conformity: theoretical restatement and empirical demonstration in two markets. American Journal of Sociology, 107, pp. 379–429.
101. Podolny, J.M. (1993). A status-based model of market competition. American Journal of Sociology, 98, pp. 829–872.
102. Podolny, J.M. (1994). Market uncertainty and the social character of economic exchange. Administrative Science Quarterly, 39, pp. 458–483.
103. Podolny, J.M. and Phillips, D.J. (1996). The dynamics of organizational status. Industrial & Corporate Change 5, pp. 453–471.
104. Porac, J.F., Thomas, H., Wilson, F., Paton, D. and Kanfer, A. (1995). Rivalry and the industry model of Scottish knitwear producers. Administrative Science Quarterly, 40, pp. 203–227.
105. Rao, H. (1994). The social construction of reputation: certification contests, legitimation, and the survival of organizations in the American automobile industry, 1895–1912. Strategic Management Journal, 15, pp. 29–44.
106. Rao, H., Monin, P. and Durand, R. (2003). Institutional change in Toque Ville: nouvelle cuisine as an identity movement in French gastronomy. American Journal of Sociology, 108, pp. 795–843.
107. Rao, H., Yue, L.Q. and Ingram, P. (2011). Laws of attraction: regulatory arbitrage in the face of activism in right-to-work states. American Sociological Review, 76, pp. 365–385.
108. Rindova, V.P., Williamson, I.O., Petkova, A.P. and Sever, J.M. (2005). Being good or being known: an empirical examination of the dimensions, antecedents, and consequences of organizational reputation. Academy of Management Journal, 48, pp. 1033–1049.
109. Rossman, G. and Schilke, O. (2014). Close, but no cigar: the bimodal rewards to prize-seeking. American Sociological Review, 79, pp. 86–108.
110. Rowley, T.I., Shipilov, A.V. and Greve, H.R. (2016). Board reform versus profits: the effect of rankings on the adoption of governance practices. Strategic Management Journal, doi: 10.1002/smj.2545.
111. Sauder, M. and Espeland, W.N. (2009). The discipline of rankings: tight coupling and organizational change. American Sociological Review, 74, pp. 63–82.
112. Schwab, A. (2007). Incremental organizational learning from multilevel information sources: evidence for cross-level interactions. Organization Science, 18, pp. 233–251.
113. Scott, W.R. (2001). Institutions and Organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
114. Scott, W.R. (2008). Approaching adulthood: the maturing of institutional theory. Theory and Society, 37, pp. 427–442.
115. Scott, W.R. (2013). Institutions and Organizations: Ideas, Interests, and Identities, 3rd edn. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
116. Scott, W.R., Ruef, M., Mendel, P.J. and Caronna, C.A. (2000). Institutional Change and Healthcare Organizations: From Professional Dominance to Managed Care. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
117. Sharkey, A.J. and Bromley, P. (2015). Can ratings have indirect effects? Evidence from the organizational response to peers’ environmental ratings. American Sociological Review, 80, pp. 63–91.
118. Shimizu, K. (2007). Prospect theory, behavioral theory, and threat-rigidity thesis: combinative effects on organizational divestiture decisions of a formerly acquired unit. Academy of Management Journal, 50, pp. 1495–1514.
119. Shinkle, G.A. (2012). Organizational aspirations, reference points, and goals. Journal of Management, 38, pp. 415–455.
120. Shipilov, A.V. and Li, S.X. (2008). Can you have your cake and eat it too? Structural holes’ influence on status accumulation and market performance in collaborative networks. Administrative Science Quarterly, 53, pp. 73–108.
121. Shipilov, A.V., Greve, H.R. and Rowley, T.J. (2010). When do interlocks matter? Institutional logics and the diffusion of multiple corporate governance practices. Academy of Management Journal, 53, pp. 846–864.
122. Shipilov, A.V., Li, S.X. and Greve, H.R. (2011). The prince and the pauper: search and brokerage in the initiation of status-heterophilous ties. Organization Science, 22, pp. 1418–1434.
123. Short, J.L. and Toffel, M.W. (2010). Making self-regulation more than merely symbolic: the critical role of the legal environment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 55, pp. 361–396.
124. Simon, H.A. (1964). On the concept of organizational goal. Administrative Science Quarterly, 9, pp. 1–22.
125. Stearns, L.B. and Allan, K.D. (1996). Economic behavior in institutional environments: the corporate merger wave of the 1980s. American Sociological Review, 61, pp. 699–718.
126. Still, M.C. and Strang, D. (2009). Who does an elite organization emulate? Administrative Science Quarterly, 54, pp. 58–89.
127. Strang, D. and Soule, S.A. (1998). Diffusion in organizations and social movements: from hybrid corn to poison pills. Annual Review of Sociology, 24, pp. 265–290.
128. Sutton, J.R. and Dobbin, F.R. (1996). The two faces of governance: responses to legal uncertainty in U.S. firms, 1955 to 1985. American Sociological Review, 61, pp. 794–811.
129. Sutton, J.R., Dobbin, F.R., Meyer, J.W. and Scott, W.R. (1994). The legalization of the workplace. American Journal of Sociology, 99, pp. 944–971.
130. Thornton, P.H. (2002). The rise of the corporation in a craft industry: conflict and conformity in institutional logics. Academy of Management Journal, 45, pp. 81–101.
131. Thornton, P.H. and Ocasio, W. (1999). Institutional logics and the historical contingency of power in organizations: executive succession in the higher education publishing industry. American Journal of Sociology, 105, pp. 801–843.
132. Tilcsik, A. and Marquis, C. (2013). Punctuated generosity how mega-events and natural disasters affect corporate philanthropy in US communities. Administrative Science Quarterly, 58, pp. 111–148.
133. Tolbert, P.S. and Zucker, L.G. (1983). Institutional sources of change in the formal structure of organizations: the diffusion of civil service reform, 1880–1935. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28, pp. 22–39.
134. Tomaskovic-Devey, D. and Stainback, K. (2007). Discrimination and desegregation: equal opportunity progress in U.S. private sector workplaces since the Civil Rights Act. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 609, pp. 49–84.
135. Vissa, B., Greve, H.R. and Chen, W.R. (2010). Business group affiliation and firm search behavior in India: responsiveness and focus of attention. Organization Science, 21, pp. 696–712.
136. Voss, G.B., Sirdeshmukh, D. and Voss, Z.G. (2008). The effects of slack resources and environmental threat on product exploration and exploitation. Academy of Management Journal, 51, pp. 147–164.
137. Weber, K., Heinze, K.L. and DeSoucey, M. (2008). Forage for thought: mobilizing codes in the movement for grass-fed meat and dairy products. Administrative Science Quarterly, 53, pp. 529–567.
138. Weber, K., Thomas, L.G. and Rao, H. (2009). From streets to suites: how the anti-biotech movement affected German pharmaceutical firms. American Sociological Review, 74, pp. 106–127.
139. Westphal, J.D. and Khanna, P. (2003). Keeping directors in line: social distancing as a control mechanism in the corporate elite. Administrative Science Quarterly, 48, pp. 361–398.
140. Wezel, F.C. and Saka-Helmhout, A. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of organizational change: ‘institutionalizing’ the behavioral theory of the firm. Organization Studies, 27, pp. 265–286.
141. Wry, T., Cobb, J.A. and Aldrich, H.E. (2013). More than a metaphor: assessing the historical legacy of resource dependence and its contemporary promise as a theory of environmental complexity. Academy of Management Annals 7, pp. 441–488.
142. Zhang, J. and Luo, X.R. (2013). Dared to care: organizational vulnerability, institutional logics, and MNCs’ social responsiveness in emerging markets. Organization Science, 24, pp. 1742–1764.
143. Zucker, L.G. (1977). The role of institutionalization in cultural persistence. American Sociological Review, 42, pp. 726–743.