How to stop harassment: Professional construction of legal compliance in organizations

American Journal of Sociology

Volumn 112, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 1203-1243

  Dobbin, Frank ^a,c   Kelly, Erin L ^b  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^c HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 34047268014     PISSN: 00029602     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/508788     Document Type: Article

References (96)

1. Abbott, Andrew D. 1988. The System of Professions: Essays on the Division of Expert Labor. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
2. Allison, Paul D. 1995. Survival Analysis Using the SAS System. Cary, N.C.: SAS Institute.
3. Attanasio, John B. 1982. "Equal Justice under Chaos: The Developing Law of Sexual Harassment." University of Cincinnati Law Review 51:1-41.
4. Barley, Stephen R., and Gideon Kunda. 1992."Design and Devotion: Surges of Rational and Normative Ideologies of Control in Managerial Discourse." Administrative Science Quarterly 37:363-400.
5. Baxter, Ralph H., Jr. 1982. "Sexual Harassment Claims: The Issues." Legal Economics 8:15-25.
6. Bennis, Warren G. 1963. "A New Role for the Behavioral Sciences: Effecting Organizational Change." Administrative Science Quarterly 8:125-65.
7. Berenbeim, Ronald. 1980. Non-union Complaint Procedures. New York: Conference Board.
8. Bingham, Clara, and Laura Leedy Gansler. 2002. Class Action: The Story of Lois Jenson and the Landmark Case That Changed Sexual Harassment Law. New York: Doubleday.
9. Bisom-Rapp, Susan. 2001a. "Fixing Watches with Sledgehammers: The Questionable Embrace of Employee Sexual Harassment Training by the Legal Profession." University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review 24:147-68.
10. _. 2001b. "An Ounce of Prevention Is a Poor Substitute for a Pound of Cure: Confronting the Developing Jurisprudence of Education and Prevention in Employment Discrimination Law." Berkeley Journal of Employment and Labor Law 22:1-46.
11. Blau, Peter M., Cecilia McHugh Falbe, William McKinley, and Phelps K. Tracy. 1976. "Technology and Organization in Manufacturing." Administrative Science Quarterly 21:20-40.
12. Blau, Peter M., and Richard A. Schoenherr. 1971. The Structure of Organizations. New York: Basic.
13. Bleich, Erik. 2000. "Antiracism without Races: Politics and Policy in a 'Color-Blind' State." French Politics and Society 18:48-74.
14. Bradshaw, David. 1987. "Sexual Harassment: Confronting the Troublesome Issues." Personnel Administrator 32:50-52.
15. Brandes, Stuart D. 1976. American Welfare Capitalism, 1880-1940. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
16. Brody, David. 1980. Workers in Industrial America. New York: Oxford University Press.
17. Brophy, Beth. 1986. "Sexual Harassment: Crossing the Line into Verboten Territory." U.S. News and World Report, December 8.
18. Burge, David J. 1984. "Employment Discrimination - Defining an Employer's Liability under Title VII for On-the-Job Sexual Harassment: Adoption of a Bifurcated Standard." North Carolina Law Review 62:795-803.
19. Business Week. 1979. "Sexual Harassment Lands Companies in Court." October 1.
20. _. 1991. "Two Breakthroughs for Civil Rights." November 11.
21. De Coster, Stacy, Sarah Beth Estes, and Charles W. Mueller. 1999. "Routine Activities and Sexual Harassment in the Workplace." Work and Occupations 26:21-49.
22. Dobbin, Frank, and John R. Sutton. 1998. "The Strength of a Weak State: The Employment Rights Revolution and the Rise of Human Resources Management Divisions." American Journal of Sociology 104:441-76.
23. Dobbin, Frank, John R. Sutton, John W. Meyer, and W. Richard Scott. 1993. "Equal pportunity Law and the Construction of Internal Labor Markets." American Journal of Sociology 99:396-427.
24. Dolkart, Jane L., and E. Lynn Malchow. 1987. "Sexual Harassment in the Workplace: Expanding Remedies." Tort and Insurance Law Journal 23:181.
25. Domenick, Debra. 1999. "Title VII: How Recent Developments in the Law of Sexual Harassment Apply with Equal Force to Claims of Racial Harassment." Dickinson Law Review 103:765-801.
26. Ecabert, Gayle. 1987. "An Employer's Guide to Understanding Liability for Sexual Harassment under Title VII: Meritor Savings Bank v. Vision." University of Cincinnati Law Review 55:1181-1206.
27. Edelman, Lauren B. 1992. "Legal Ambiguity and Symbolic Structures: Organizational Mediation of Civil Rights Law." American Journal of Sociology 97:1531-76.
28. _. 2002. "Legality and the Endogeneity of Law." Pp. 187-203 in Legality and Community: On the Intellectual Legacy of Philip Selznick, edited by Robert A. Kagan, Martin Krygier, and Kenneth I. Winston. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield.
29. Edelman, Lauren B., Steven E. Abraham, and Howard S. Erlanger. 1992. "Professional Construction of the Law: The Inflated Threat of Wrongful Discharge." Law and Society Review 26:47-84.
30. Edelman, Lauren B., Christopher Uggen, and Howard S. Erlanger. 1999. "The Endogeneity of Legal Regulation: Grievance Procedures as Rational Myth." American Journal of Sociology 105:406-54.
31. Edwards, Richard. 1979. Contested Terrain: The Transformation of the Workplace in the Twentieth Century. New York: Basic Books.
32. Fligstein, Neil. 1990. The Transformation of Corporate Control. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
33. _. 2001. The Architecture of Markets: An Economic Sociology of Twenty-First-Century Capitalist Societies. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
34. Friedson, Eliot. 1975. Doctoring Together: A Study of Professional Social Control. New York: Elsevier Science.
35. Gallup Organization. 1991. Gallup Monthly Poll No. 313. Princeton, N.J.: Gallup Organization.
36. Gery, Gloria J. 1977. "Equal Opportunity: Planning and Managing the Process of Change." Personnel Journal 56:184-203.
37. Gordon, David M., Richard Edwards, and Michael Reich. 1982. Segmented Work, Divided Workers. London: Cambridge University Press.
38. Gruber, James E. 1998. "The Impact of Male Work Environments and Organizational Policies on Women's Experiences of Sexual Harassment." Gender and Society 12: 301-20.
39. Gutek, Barbara R., Aaron Groff Cohen, and Alison M. Konrad. 1990. "Predicting Social-Sexual Behavior at Work: A Contact Hypothesis." Academy of Management Journal 33:560-77.
40. Guthrie, Doug, and Louise Marie Roth. 1999. "The State, Courts, and Maternity Policies in U.S. Organizations: Specifying Institutional Mechanisms." American Sociological Review 64:41-63.
41. Haberman, Clyde. 1980. "City Agencies to Set Up Policies on Sexual-Harassment Charges." New York Times, December 28.
42. Harvard Law Review. 1984. "Sexual Harassment Claims of Abusive Work Environment under Title VII." Harvard Law Review 97:1149-67.
43. Hauck, Vern E. 1999. Arbitrating Sex Discrimination Grievances. Westport, Conn.: Quorum Books.
44. Hoover's Directory of Human Resources Executives. 1996. Austin: Reverence Press.
45. Hoyman, Michele, and Ronda Robinson. 1980. "Interpreting the New Sexual Harassment Guidelines." Personnel Journal 59 (12): 996-1000.
46. Jacobs, Sanford L. 1985. "Changes in Employment Laws Can Trap Unwary Companies." Wall Street Journal, February 4.
47. Jensen, Michael C., and William H Meckling. 1976. "Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior Agency Cost and Ownership Structure." Journal of Financial Economics 3:305-60.
48. Kalbfleisch, J. D., and R. L. Prentice. 1980. The Statistical Analysis of Failure Time Data. New York: Wiley.
49. Kalleberg, Arne L., Peter V. Marsden, Howard E. Aldrich, and James W. Cassell. 1990. "Comparing Organizational Sampling Frames." Administrative Science Quarterly 35:658-88.
50. Kalleberg, Arne L., and Mark E. Van Buren. 1996. "Is Bigger Better? Explaining the Relationship between Organization Size and Job Rewards." American Sociological Review 61:47-66.
51. Kauppinen-Toropainen, K., and James E. Gruber. 1993. "Antecedents and Outcomes of Woman-Unfriendly Experiences." Psychology of Women Quarterly 17:421-56.
52. Kelly, Erin, and Frank Dobbin. 1998. "How Affirmative Action Became Diversity Management: Employer Response to Antidiscrimination Law, 1961-1996."American Behavioral Scientist 41:960-84.
53. Kochan, Thomas A., Harry C. Katz, and Robert B. McKersie. 1986. The Transformation of American Industrial Relations. New York: Basic Books.
54. Kronenberger, George K., and David L. Bourke. 1981. "Effective Training and the Elimination of Sexual Harassment." Personnel Journal 60:879-82.
55. Lawrence, Paul R., and Jay W. Lorsch. 1967. "Differentiation and Integration in Complex Organizations." Administrative Science Quarterly 12:1-47.
56. Leicht, Kevin T., and Mary L. Fennell. 1996. "Gender Representation in Corporate Law: Normative and Coercive Effects on the Structure of Corporate Legal Departments." Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, New York.
57. Lincoln, James R., and Arne L. Kalleberg. 1985. "Work Organization and Workforce Commitment: A Study of Plants and Employees in the U.S. and Japan." American Sociological Review 50:738-60.
58. Linenberger, Patricia, and Timothy J. Keaveny. 1981a. "Sexual Harassment: The Employer's Legal Obligations." Personnel 58:60-68.
59. _. 1981b. "Sexual Harassment in Employment." Human Resource Management 20:11-17.
60. Lowin, Aaron, William J. Hrapchak, and Michael J. Kavanaugh. 1969. "Consideration and Initiating Structure: An Experimental Investigation of Leadership Traits." Administrative Science Quarterly 14:238-53.
61. Machlowitz, David S., and Marilyn M. Machlowitz. 1987. "Preventing Sexual Harassment." American Bar Association Journal 73:78.
62. MacKinnon, Catharine A. 1979. Sexual Harassment of Working Women. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press.
63. March, James G., and Herbert A. Simon. 1958. Organizations. New York: Wiley.
64. Marino, Kenneth. 1980. "Conducting an Internal Compliance Review of Affirmative Action." Personnel 57:24-34.
65. McIntyre, Douglas I., and James C. Renick. 1982. "Protecting Public Employees from Sexual Harassment." Public Personnel Management Journal 11:282-92.
66. Meyer, John W., and Brian Rowan. 1977. "Institutionalized Organizations: Formal Structure as Myth and Ceremony." American Journal of Sociology 83:340-63.
67. Michigan Law Review. 1978. "Sexual Harassment and Title VII: The Foundation for the Elimination of Sexual Cooperation as an Employment Condition." Michigan Law Review 76:1007-35.
68. Milliken, Frances J., Luis Martins, and Hal Morgan. 1998. "Explaining Organizational esponsiveness to Work-Family Issues: The Role of Human Resource Executives as Issue Interpreters." Academy of Management Journal 5:580-92.
69. Nelson, Robert L., and Laura Beth Nielsen. 2000. "Cops, Counsel, and Entrepreneurs: Constructing the Role of Inside Counsel in Large Corporations." Law and Society Review 34:457-94.
70. Ocasio, William, and Hyosun Kim. 1999. "The Circulation of Corporate Control: Selection of Functional Backgrounds of New CEOs in Large U.S. Manufacturing Firms, 1981-1992. "Administrative Science Quarterly 44:532-62.
71. Renick, James C. 1980. "Sexual Harassment at Work: Why It Happens What to Do About It." Personnel Journal 59:658-63.
72. Rhode, Deborah L. 1992. "Gender, Race, and the Politics of Supreme Court Appointments: The Import of the Anita Hill/Clarence Thomas Hearings." Southern California Law Review 65:1459-66.
73. Robin, Donald P. 1967. "An Input-Output Model of Employee Behavior." Academy of Management Journal 10:257-68.
74. Rowe, Mary P. 1981. "Dealing with Sexual Harassment." Harvard Business Review 59 (3): 42-45.
75. Safran, Claire. 1976. "What Men Do to Women on the Job: A Shocking Look at Sexual Harassment." Redbook, November.
76. Saguy, Abigail. 2003. What Is Sexual Harassment: From Capitol Hill to the Sorbonne. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
77. Sarfatti-Larsen, Magali. 1977. The Rise of Professionalism: A Sociological Analysis. Berkeley: University of California Press.
78. Sawyer, Sandra, and Arthur A. Whatley. 1980. "Sexual Harassment: A Form of Sex Discrimination." Personnel Administrator 25 (1): 36-39.
79. Schaeffer, Ruth G. 1975. Nondiscrimination in Employment, 1973-1975: A Broadening and Deepening National Effort. New York: Conference Board.
80. Schultz, Vicki. 2003. "The Sanitized Workplace." Yale Law Journal 112:2061-2193.
81. Scott, William G. 1968. "Technology and Organization Government: A Speculative Inquiry into the Functionality of Management Creeds." Academy of Management Journal 11:301-13.
82. Selznick, Philip. 1957. Leadership in Administration: A Sociological Interpretation. New York: Harper & Row.
83. _. 1969. Law, Society and Industrial Justice. New York: Russell Sage.
84. Shah, Diane K., and Susan Agrest. 1979. "A Steno Who Said 'NO!'" Newsweek, April 30.
85. Somers, Patricia A., and Judith Clementson-Mohr. 1979. "Sexual Extortion in the Workplace." Personnel Administrator 24 (4): 23-28.
86. Spann, Jeri. 1990. "Dealing Effectively with Sexual Harassment: Some Practical Lessons from One City's Experience." Public Personnel Management 19:53-82.
87. Starr, Paul. 1982. The Transformation of American Medicine. New York: Basic.
88. Stinchcombe, Arthur L. 1965. "Social Structure and Organizations." Pp. 142-93 in Handbook of Organizations, edited by James G. March. Chicago: Rand McNally.
89. Stryker, Robin. 2000. "Legitimacy Processes as Institutional Politics: Implications for Theory and Research in the Sociology of Organizations." Research in the Sociology of Organizations 17:179-223.
90. Sturm, Susan. 2001. "Second Generation Employment Discrimination: A Structural Approach." Columbia Law Review 101:459-568.
91. Sutton, John R., and Frank Dobbin. 1996. "The Two Faces of Governance: Responses to Legal Uncertainty in American Firms, 1955-1985. "American Sociological Review 61:794-811.
92. Turner, Ronald. 1990. "Employer Liability under Title VII for Hostile Environment Sexual Harassment by Supervisory Personnel: The Impact and Aftermath of Meritor Savings Bank." Howard Law Journal 33:1-52.
93. Van de Ven, Andrew H., Douglas Polley, Raghu Garud, and S. Venkataraman. 1999. The Innovation Journey. New York: Oxford University Press.
94. Verespej, Michael A. 1991. "Longer Dockets, Deep Pockets: A Political Retreat on Civil Rights Will Make Business Sitting Ducks for More Lawsuits." Industry Week, November 18.
95. Wymer, John F., III. 1983. "Compensatory and Punitive Damages for Sexual Harassment." Personnel Journal 62:181-84.
96. Zippel, Kathrin S. 2006. The Politics of Sexual Harassment: A Comparative Study of the United States, the European Union, and Germany. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.