메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 19, Issue 4, 2018, Pages 656-678

Systematic analyses of drugs and disease indications in RepurposeDB reveal pharmacological, biological and epidemiological factors influencing drug repositioning

Author keywords

drug development; drug discovery; drug repositioning; precision medicine; precision pharmacology; systems pharmacology; translational bioinformatics

Indexed keywords

PROTEIN;

EID: 85019574450     PISSN: 14675463     EISSN: 14774054     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbw136     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (73)

References (122)
  • 1
    • 84978137128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarker tests for molecularly targeted therapies?the key to unlocking precision medicine
    • Lyman GH, Moses HL. Biomarker tests for molecularly targeted therapies?the key to unlocking precision medicine. N Engl J Med 2016;375:4?6.
    • (2016) N Engl J Med , vol.375 , pp. 4-6
    • Lyman, GH1    Moses, HL.2
  • 2
    • 84923762812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new initiative on precision medicine
    • Collins FS, Varmus H. A new initiative on precision medicine. N Engl J Med 2015;372:793?5.
    • (2015) N Engl J Med , vol.372 , pp. 793-795
    • Collins, FS1    Varmus, H.2
  • 5
    • 84922285922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computational and experimental advances in drug repositioning for accelerated therapeutic stratification
    • Shameer K, Readhead B, Dudley JT. Computational and experimental advances in drug repositioning for accelerated therapeutic stratification. Curr Top Med Chem 2015;15:5?20.
    • (2015) Curr Top Med Chem , vol.15 , pp. 5-20
    • Shameer, K1    Readhead, B2    Dudley, JT.3
  • 6
    • 79960796417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploiting drug disease relationships for computational drug repositioning
    • Dudley JT, Deshpande T, Butte AJ. Exploiting drug disease relationships for computational drug repositioning. Brief Bioinform 2011;12:303?11.
    • (2011) Brief Bioinform , vol.12 , pp. 303-311
    • Dudley, JT1    Deshpande, T2    Butte, AJ.3
  • 7
    • 84922322105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translational bioinformatics approaches to drug development
    • Readhead B, Dudley J. Translational bioinformatics approaches to drug development. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2013;2:470?89.
    • (2013) Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) , vol.2 , pp. 470-489
    • Readhead, B1    Dudley, J.2
  • 8
    • 77649222972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Network-based elucidation of human disease similarities reveals common functional modules enriched for pluripotent drug targets
    • Suthram S, Dudley JT, Chiang AP, et al. Network-based elucidation of human disease similarities reveals common functional modules enriched for pluripotent drug targets. PLoS Comput Biol 2010;6:e1000662.
    • (2010) PLoS Comput Biol , vol.6 , pp. e1000662
    • Suthram, S1    Dudley, JT2    Chiang, AP3
  • 9
    • 84867338003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery and preclinical validation of drug indications using compendia of public gene expression data
    • Sirota M, Dudley JT, Kim J, et al. Discovery and preclinical validation of drug indications using compendia of public gene expression data. Sci Transl Med 2011;3:96ra77.
    • (2011) Sci Transl Med , vol.3 , pp. 96ra77
    • Sirota, M1    Dudley, JT2    Kim, J3
  • 10
    • 84890027846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A drug repositioning approach identifies tricyclic antidepressants as inhibitors of small cell lung cancer and other neuroendocrine tumors, Cancer
    • Jahchan NS, Dudley JT, Mazur PK, et al. A drug repositioning approach identifies tricyclic antidepressants as inhibitors of small cell lung cancer and other neuroendocrine tumors, Cancer. Discov 2013;3:1364?77.
    • (2013) Discov , vol.3 , pp. 1364-1377
    • Jahchan, NS1    Dudley, JT2    Mazur, PK3
  • 11
    • 33749335282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The connectivity map: using gene-expression signatures to connect small molecules, genes, and disease
    • Lamb J, Crawford ED, Peck D, et al. The connectivity map: using gene-expression signatures to connect small molecules, genes, and disease. Science 2006;313:1929?35.
    • (2006) Science , vol.313 , pp. 1929-1935
    • Lamb, J1    Crawford, ED2    Peck, D3
  • 12
    • 84930705672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrative network modeling approaches to personalized cancer medicine
    • Kidd BA, Readhead BP, Eden C, et al. Integrative network modeling approaches to personalized cancer medicine. Personalized Med 2015;12:245?57.
    • (2015) Personalized Med , vol.12 , pp. 245-257
    • Kidd, BA1    Readhead, BP2    Eden, C3
  • 13
    • 84939992756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring cognitive effects: cognition in drug development and repositioning
    • Blackwell AD. Measuring cognitive effects: cognition in drug development and repositioning. Drug Discov Today 2015;20:391?2.
    • (2015) Drug Discov Today , vol.20 , pp. 391-392
    • Blackwell, AD.1
  • 14
    • 84901626678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genomics-enabled drug repositioning and repurposing: insights from an IOM Roundtable activity
    • Power A, Berger AC, Ginsburg GS. Genomics-enabled drug repositioning and repurposing: insights from an IOM Roundtable activity. JAMA 2014;311:2063?4.
    • (2014) JAMA , vol.311 , pp. 2063-2064
    • Power, A1    Berger, AC2    Ginsburg, GS.3
  • 15
    • 84921709678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug repositioning by integrating target information through a heterogeneous network model
    • Wang W, Yang S, Zhang X, et al. Drug repositioning by integrating target information through a heterogeneous network model. Bioinformatics 2014;30:2923?30.
    • (2014) Bioinformatics , vol.30 , pp. 2923-2930
    • Wang, W1    Yang, S2    Zhang, X3
  • 16
    • 84984662505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of small-molecule inhibitors of Zika virus infection and induced neural cell death via a drug repurposing screen
    • Xu M, Lee EM, Wen Z, et al. Identification of small-molecule inhibitors of Zika virus infection and induced neural cell death via a drug repurposing screen. Nat Med 2016;22:1101?7.
    • (2016) Nat Med , vol.22 , pp. 1101-1107
    • Xu, M1    Lee, EM2    Wen, Z3
  • 17
    • 85019779315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An FDA-Drug library screen for compounds with bioactivities against Meticillin- Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
    • Lau QY, Tan YY, Goh VC, et al. An FDA-Drug library screen for compounds with bioactivities against Meticillin- Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Antibiotics (Basel) 2015;4:424?34.
    • (2015) Antibiotics (Basel) , vol.4 , pp. 424-434
    • Lau, QY1    Tan, YY2    Goh, VC3
  • 18
    • 84954350249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metformin: a candidate for the treatment of gynecological tumors based on drug repositioning
    • Irie H, Banno K, Yanokura M, et al. Metformin: a candidate for the treatment of gynecological tumors based on drug repositioning. Oncol Lett 2016;11:1287?93.
    • (2016) Oncol Lett , vol.11 , pp. 1287-1293
    • Irie, H1    Banno, K2    Yanokura, M3
  • 19
    • 84896775029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DRUGSURV: a resource for repositioning of approved and experimental drugs in oncology based on patient survival information
    • Amelio I, Gostev M, Knight RA, et al. DRUGSURV: a resource for repositioning of approved and experimental drugs in oncology based on patient survival information. Cell Death Dis 2014;5:e1051.
    • (2014) Cell Death Dis , vol.5 , pp. e1051
    • Amelio, I1    Gostev, M2    Knight, RA3
  • 20
    • 78651321625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PROMISCUOUS: a database for network-based drug repositioning
    • von Eichborn J, Murgueitio MS, Dunkel M, et al. PROMISCUOUS: a database for network-based drug repositioning. Nucleic Acids Res 2011;39:D1060?6.
    • (2011) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.39 , pp. D1060-D1066
    • von Eichborn, J1    Murgueitio, MS2    Dunkel, M3
  • 21
    • 84961640984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DMAP: a connectivity map database to enable identification of novel drug repositioning candidates
    • (Suppl 13)
    • Huang H, Nguyen T, Ibrahim S, et al. DMAP: a connectivity map database to enable identification of novel drug repositioning candidates. BMC Bioinformatics 2015;16 (Suppl 13):S4.
    • (2015) BMC Bioinformatics , vol.16 , pp. S4
    • Huang, H1    Nguyen, T2    Ibrahim, S3
  • 22
    • 78650853329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The chemical basis of pharmacology
    • Keiser MJ, Irwin JJ, Shoichet BK. The chemical basis of pharmacology. Biochemistry 2010;49:10267?76.
    • (2010) Biochemistry , vol.49 , pp. 10267-10276
    • Keiser, MJ1    Irwin, JJ2    Shoichet, BK.3
  • 23
    • 84864222742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emerging paradigm of network medicine in the study of human disease
    • Chan SY, Loscalzo J. The emerging paradigm of network medicine in the study of human disease. Circ Res 2012;111:359?74.
    • (2012) Circ Res , vol.111 , pp. 359-374
    • Chan, SY1    Loscalzo, J.2
  • 24
    • 45449101889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global pathway crosstalk network
    • Li Y, Agarwal P, Rajagopalan D. A global pathway crosstalk network. Bioinformatics 2008;24:1442?7.
    • (2008) Bioinformatics , vol.24 , pp. 1442-1447
    • Li, Y1    Agarwal, P2    Rajagopalan, D.3
  • 25
    • 33744809296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global analysis of cross-talk in a mammalian cellular signalling network
    • Natarajan M, Lin KM, Hsueh RC, et al. A global analysis of cross-talk in a mammalian cellular signalling network. Nat Cell Biol 2006;8:571?80.
    • (2006) Nat Cell Biol , vol.8 , pp. 571-580
    • Natarajan, M1    Lin, KM2    Hsueh, RC3
  • 26
    • 84923169891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring drug promiscuity over time
    • Hu Y, Bajorath J. Monitoring drug promiscuity over time. F1000Res 2014;3:218.
    • (2014) F1000Res , vol.3 , pp. 218
    • Hu, Y1    Bajorath, J.2
  • 27
    • 84875195051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contributions of molecular properties to drug promiscuity
    • Tarcsay A, Keseru GM. Contributions of molecular properties to drug promiscuity. J Med Chem 2013;56:1789?95.
    • (2013) J Med Chem , vol.56 , pp. 1789-1795
    • Tarcsay, A1    Keseru, GM.2
  • 28
    • 40449095056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of protein domain promiscuity in eukaryotes
    • Basu MK, Carmel L, Rogozin IB, et al. Evolution of protein domain promiscuity in eukaryotes. Genome Res 2008;18:449?61.
    • (2008) Genome Res , vol.18 , pp. 449-461
    • Basu, MK1    Carmel, L2    Rogozin, IB3
  • 29
    • 84891767304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DrugBank 4. 0: shedding new light on drug metabolism
    • Law V, Knox C, Djoumbou Y, et al. DrugBank 4. 0: shedding new light on drug metabolism. Nucleic Acids Res 2014;42:D1091?1097.
    • (2014) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.42 , pp. D1091-D1097
    • Law, V1    Knox, C2    Djoumbou, Y3
  • 30
    • 79960830371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Database identifies FDA-approved drugs with potential to be repurposed for treatment of orphan diseases
    • Xu K, Cote TR. Database identifies FDA-approved drugs with potential to be repurposed for treatment of orphan diseases. Brief Bioinform 2011;12:341?5.
    • (2011) Brief Bioinform , vol.12 , pp. 341-345
    • Xu, K1    Cote, TR.2
  • 31
    • 41249091782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pybel: a Python wrapper for the OpenBabel cheminformatics toolkit
    • O?Boyle NM, Morley C, Hutchison GR. Pybel: a Python wrapper for the OpenBabel cheminformatics toolkit. Chem Cent J 2008;2:5.
    • (2008) Chem Cent J , vol.2 , pp. 5
    • O?Boyle, NM1    Morley, C2    Hutchison, GR.3
  • 32
    • 33646407913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wegner J, JOELib, JOELib2: http://www-ra. informatik. uni-tue bingen. de/software/joelib/index. html 2005.
    • (2005) JOELib, JOELib2
    • Wegner, J1
  • 33
    • 0037361967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The chemistry development kit (CDK): an open-source Java library for Chemo- and Bioinformatics
    • Steinbeck C, Han Y, Kuhn S, et al. The chemistry development kit (CDK): an open-source Java library for Chemo- and Bioinformatics. J Chem Inf Comput Sci 2003;43:493?500.
    • (2003) J Chem Inf Comput Sci , vol.43 , pp. 493-500
    • Steinbeck, C1    Han, Y2    Kuhn, S3
  • 34
    • 33745359822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The blue obeliskinteroperability in chemical informatics
    • Guha R, Howard MT, Hutchison GR, et al. The blue obeliskinteroperability in chemical informatics. J Chem Inf Model 2006;46:991?8.
    • (2006) J Chem Inf Model , vol.46 , pp. 991-998
    • Guha, R1    Howard, MT2    Hutchison, GR3
  • 35
    • 48249143990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ChemmineR: a compound mining framework for R
    • Cao Y, Charisi A, Cheng LC, et al. ChemmineR: a compound mining framework for R. Bioinformatics 2008;24:1733?4.
    • (2008) Bioinformatics , vol.24 , pp. 1733-1734
    • Cao, Y1    Charisi, A2    Cheng, LC3
  • 36
    • 80053512597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Open Babel: An open chemical toolbox
    • O?Boyle NM, Banck M, James CA, et al. Open Babel: An open chemical toolbox. J Cheminform 2011; 3:33.
    • (2011) J Cheminform , vol.3 , pp. 33
    • O?Boyle, NM1    Banck, M2    James, CA3
  • 37
    • 27344459398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual computational chemistry laboratory?design and description
    • Tetko IV, Gasteiger J, Todeschini R, et al. Virtual computational chemistry laboratory?design and description. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2005;19:453?63.
    • (2005) J Comput Aided Mol Des , vol.19 , pp. 453-463
    • Tetko, IV1    Gasteiger, J2    Todeschini, R3
  • 38
    • 0037364162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ADMET in silico modelling: towards prediction paradise?
    • van de Waterbeemd H, Gifford E. ADMET in silico modelling: towards prediction paradise? Nat Rev Drug Discov 2003;2:192?204.
    • (2003) Nat Rev Drug Discov , vol.2 , pp. 192-204
    • van de Waterbeemd, H1    Gifford, E.2
  • 39
    • 27344435774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene set enrichment analysis: a knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles
    • Subramanian A, Tamayo P, Mootha VK, et al. Gene set enrichment analysis: a knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA2005;102:15545?50.
    • (2005) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.102 , pp. 15545-15550
    • Subramanian, A1    Tamayo, P2    Mootha, VK3
  • 40
    • 77954256613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MSEA: a web-based tool to identify biologically meaningful patterns in quantitative metabolomic data
    • Xia J, Wishart DS. MSEA: a web-based tool to identify biologically meaningful patterns in quantitative metabolomic data. Nucleic Acids Res 2010;38:W71?7.
    • (2010) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.38 , pp. W71-W77
    • Xia, J1    Wishart, DS.2
  • 41
    • 78650703690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compound set enrichment: a novel approach to analysis of primary HTS data
    • Varin T, Gubler H, Parker CN, et al. Compound set enrichment: a novel approach to analysis of primary HTS data. J Chem Inf Model 2010;50:2067?78.
    • (2010) J Chem Inf Model , vol.50 , pp. 2067-2078
    • Varin, T1    Gubler, H2    Parker, CN3
  • 42
    • 84876560358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ChEBI reference database and ontology for biologically relevant chemistry: enhancements for 2013
    • Hastings J, de Matos P, Dekker A, et al. The ChEBI reference database and ontology for biologically relevant chemistry: enhancements for 2013. Nucleic Acids Res 2013;41:D456?63.
    • (2013) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.41 , pp. D456-D463
    • Hastings, J1    de Matos, P2    Dekker, A3
  • 43
    • 84924916468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BiNChE: a web tool and library for chemical enrichment analysis based on the ChEBI ontology
    • Moreno P, Beisken S, Harsha B, et al. BiNChE: a web tool and library for chemical enrichment analysis based on the ChEBI ontology. BMC Bioinformatics 2015;16:56.
    • (2015) BMC Bioinformatics , vol.16 , pp. 56
    • Moreno, P1    Beisken, S2    Harsha, B3
  • 44
    • 84946069451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UniProt: a hub for protein information
    • UniProt C. UniProt: a hub for protein information. Nucleic Acids Res 2015;43:D204?12.
    • (2015) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.43 , pp. D204-D212
    • UniProt, C.1
  • 45
    • 84891782659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pfam: the protein families database
    • Finn RD, Bateman A, Clements J, et al. Pfam: the protein families database. Nucleic Acids Res 2014;42:D222?30.
    • (2014) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.42 , pp. D222-D230
    • Finn, RD1    Bateman, A2    Clements, J3
  • 46
    • 84891811692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SCOPe: structural classification of proteins?extended, integrating SCOP and ASTRAL data and classification of new structures
    • Fox NK, Brenner SE, Chandonia JM. SCOPe: structural classification of proteins?extended, integrating SCOP and ASTRAL data and classification of new structures. Nucleic Acids Res 2014;42:D304?9.
    • (2014) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.42 , pp. D304-D309
    • Fox, NK1    Brenner, SE2    Chandonia, JM.3
  • 47
    • 85021099488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional classification of CATH superfamilies: a domain-based approach for protein function annotation
    • Das S, Lee D, Sillitoe I, et al. Functional classification of CATH superfamilies: a domain-based approach for protein function annotation. Bioinformatics 2016;32:2889.
    • (2016) Bioinformatics , vol.32 , pp. 2889
    • Das, S1    Lee, D2    Sillitoe, I3
  • 48
    • 84891753483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Reactome pathway knowledgebase
    • Croft D, Mundo AF, Haw R, et al. The Reactome pathway knowledgebase. Nucleic Acids Res 2014;42:D472?7.
    • (2014) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.42 , pp. D472-D477
    • Croft, D1    Mundo, AF2    Haw, R3
  • 49
    • 0033982936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • KEGG: kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes
    • Kanehisa M, Goto S. KEGG: kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes. Nucleic Acids Res 2000;28:27?30.
    • (2000) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.28 , pp. 27-30
    • Kanehisa, M1    Goto, S.2
  • 50
    • 84876100615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enrichr: interactive and collaborative HTML5 gene list enrichment analysis tool
    • Chen EY, Tan CM, Kou Y, et al. Enrichr: interactive and collaborative HTML5 gene list enrichment analysis tool. BMC Bioinformatics 2013;14:128.
    • (2013) BMC Bioinformatics , vol.14 , pp. 128
    • Chen, EY1    Tan, CM2    Kou, Y3
  • 51
    • 61449172037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic and integrative analysis of large gene lists using DAVID bioinformatics resources
    • Huang da W, Sherman BT, Lempicki RA. Systematic and integrative analysis of large gene lists using DAVID bioinformatics resources. Nat Protoc 2009;4:44?57.
    • (2009) Nat Protoc , vol.4 , pp. 44-57
    • Huang da, W1    Sherman, BT2    Lempicki, RA.3
  • 52
    • 84876008750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ConsensusPathDB interaction database: 2013 update
    • Kamburov A, Stelzl U, Lehrach H, et al. The ConsensusPathDB interaction database: 2013 update. Nucleic Acids Res 2013;41:D793?800.
    • (2013) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.41 , pp. D793-D800
    • Kamburov, A1    Stelzl, U2    Lehrach, H3
  • 53
    • 84971212642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An integrative pipeline for multi-modal discovery of disease relationships
    • Glicksberg BS, Li L, Cheng WY, et al. An integrative pipeline for multi-modal discovery of disease relationships. Pac Symp Biocomput 2015;20:407?18.
    • (2015) Pac Symp Biocomput , vol.20 , pp. 407-418
    • Glicksberg, BS1    Li, L2    Cheng, WY3
  • 54
    • 84976480079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative analyses of population-scale phenomic data in electronic medical records reveal race-specific disease networks
    • Glicksberg BS, Li L, Badgeley MA, et al. Comparative analyses of population-scale phenomic data in electronic medical records reveal race-specific disease networks. Bioinformatics 2016;32:i101?10.
    • (2016) Bioinformatics , vol.32 , pp. i101-i110
    • Glicksberg, BS1    Li, L2    Badgeley, MA3
  • 55
    • 84895867454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invited commentary: Observational research in the age of the electronic health record
    • Chute CG. Invited commentary: Observational research in the age of the electronic health record. Am J Epidemiol 2014;179:759?61.
    • (2014) Am J Epidemiol , vol.179 , pp. 759-761
    • Chute, CG.1
  • 56
    • 84899492201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A framework for unifying ontology-based semantic similarity measures: a study in the biomedical domain
    • Harispe S, Sanchez D, Ranwez S, et al. A framework for unifying ontology-based semantic similarity measures: a study in the biomedical domain. J Biomed Inform 2014;48:38?53.
    • (2014) J Biomed Inform , vol.48 , pp. 38-53
    • Harispe, S1    Sanchez, D2    Ranwez, S3
  • 57
    • 84923306828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disease networks. Uncovering disease-disease relationships through the incomplete interactome
    • Menche J, Sharma A, Kitsak M, et al. Disease networks. Uncovering disease-disease relationships through the incomplete interactome. Science 2015;347:1257601.
    • (2015) Science , vol.347 , pp. 1257601
    • Menche, J1    Sharma, A2    Kitsak, M3
  • 58
    • 33744967106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of comorbid chronic conditions on diabetes care
    • Piette JD, Kerr EA. The impact of comorbid chronic conditions on diabetes care. Diabetes Care 2006;29:725?31.
    • (2006) Diabetes Care , vol.29 , pp. 725-731
    • Piette, JD1    Kerr, EA.2
  • 59
    • 84862908920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival in patients with poorly compressible leg arteries
    • Arain FA, Ye Z, Bailey KR, et al. Survival in patients with poorly compressible leg arteries. J AmCollCardiol 2012;59:400?7.
    • (2012) J AmCollCardiol , vol.59 , pp. 400-407
    • Arain, FA1    Ye, Z2    Bailey, KR3
  • 60
    • 34249289422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-cardiac comorbidities in chronic heart failure
    • Lang CC, Mancini DM. Non-cardiac comorbidities in chronic heart failure. Heart 2007;93:665?71.
    • (2007) Heart , vol.93 , pp. 665-671
    • Lang, CC1    Mancini, DM.2
  • 61
    • 66249129037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dynamic network approach for the study of human phenotypes
    • Hidalgo CA, Blumm N, Barabasi AL, et al. A dynamic network approach for the study of human phenotypes. PLoS Comput Biol 2009;5:e1000353.
    • (2009) PLoS Comput Biol , vol.5 , pp. e1000353
    • Hidalgo, CA1    Blumm, N2    Barabasi, AL3
  • 62
    • 0036789791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What?s the relative risk? A method to directly estimate risk ratios in cohort studies of common outcomes
    • Robbins AS, Chao SY, Fonseca VP. What?s the relative risk? A method to directly estimate risk ratios in cohort studies of common outcomes. Ann Epidemiol 2002;12:452?4.
    • (2002) Ann Epidemiol , vol.12 , pp. 452-454
    • Robbins, AS1    Chao, SY2    Fonseca, VP.3
  • 63
    • 84938292742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The support of human genetic evidence for approved drug indications
    • Nelson MR, Tipney H, Painter JL, et al. The support of human genetic evidence for approved drug indications. Nat Genet 2015;47:856?60.
    • (2015) Nat Genet , vol.47 , pp. 856-860
    • Nelson, MR1    Tipney, H2    Painter, JL3
  • 64
    • 84899859780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disease risk factors identified through shared genetic architecture and electronic medical records
    • Li L, Ruau DJ, Patel CJ, et al. Disease risk factors identified through shared genetic architecture and electronic medical records. Sci Transl Med 2014;6:234ra257.
    • (2014) Sci Transl Med , vol.6 , pp. 234ra257
    • Li, L1    Ruau, DJ2    Patel, CJ3
  • 65
    • 84883321239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic identification of risk factors for Alzheimer?s disease through shared genetic architecture and electronic medical records
    • 224
    • Li L, Ruau D, Chen R, et al. Systematic identification of risk factors for Alzheimer?s disease through shared genetic architecture and electronic medical records. Pac Symp Biocomput 2013;224?35.
    • (2013) Pac Symp Biocomput , pp. 35
    • Li, L1    Ruau, D2    Chen, R3
  • 66
    • 84946081339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OMIM. org: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM(R)), an online catalog of human genes and genetic disorders
    • Amberger JS, Bocchini CA, Schiettecatte F, et al. OMIM. org: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM(R)), an online catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Nucleic Acids Res 2015;43:D789?798.
    • (2015) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.43 , pp. D789-D798
    • Amberger, JS1    Bocchini, CA2    Schiettecatte, F3
  • 67
    • 84891790401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NHGRI GWAS Catalog, a curated resource of SNP-trait associations
    • Welter D, MacArthur J, Morales J, et al. The NHGRI GWAS Catalog, a curated resource of SNP-trait associations. Nucleic Acids Res 2014;42:D1001?6.
    • (2014) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.42 , pp. D1001-D1006
    • Welter, D1    MacArthur, J2    Morales, J3
  • 68
    • 84976871516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GWASdb v2: an update database for human genetic variants identified by genome-wide association studies
    • Li MJ, Liu Z, Wang P, et al. GWASdb v2: an update database for human genetic variants identified by genome-wide association studies. Nucleic Acids Res 2016;44:D869?876.
    • (2016) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.44 , pp. D869-D876
    • Li, MJ1    Liu, Z2    Wang, P3
  • 69
    • 84861023442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GWASdb: a database for human genetic variants identified by genome-wide association studies
    • Li MJ, Wang P, Liu X, et al. GWASdb: a database for human genetic variants identified by genome-wide association studies. Nucleic Acids Res 2012;40:D1047?54.
    • (2012) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.40 , pp. D1047-D1054
    • Li, MJ1    Wang, P2    Liu, X3
  • 70
    • 38649091333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A navigator for human genome epidemiology
    • Yu W, Gwinn M, Clyne M, et al. A navigator for human genome epidemiology. Nat Genet 2008;40:124?5.
    • (2008) Nat Genet , vol.40 , pp. 124-125
    • Yu, W1    Gwinn, M2    Clyne, M3
  • 71
    • 84896450061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A survey on annotation tools for the biomedical literature
    • Neves M, Leser U. A survey on annotation tools for the biomedical literature. Brief Bioinform 2014;15:327?40.
    • (2014) Brief Bioinform , vol.15 , pp. 327-340
    • Neves, M1    Leser, U.2
  • 72
    • 84865064690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mining the pharmacogenomics literature?a survey of the state of the art
    • Hahn U, Cohen KB, Garten Y, et al. Mining the pharmacogenomics literature?a survey of the state of the art. Brief Bioinform 2012;13:460?94.
    • (2012) Brief Bioinform , vol.13 , pp. 460-494
    • Hahn, U1    Cohen, KB2    Garten, Y3
  • 73
    • 84897695340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The semantic measures library and toolkit: fast computation of semantic similarity and relatedness using biomedical ontologies
    • Harispe S, Ranwez S, Janaqi S, et al. The semantic measures library and toolkit: fast computation of semantic similarity and relatedness using biomedical ontologies. Bioinformatics 2014;30:740?2.
    • (2014) Bioinformatics , vol.30 , pp. 740-742
    • Harispe, S1    Ranwez, S2    Janaqi, S3
  • 74
    • 85027916227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food-drug interactions could lower required dose of anticancer drug
    • Food-drug interactions could lower required dose of anticancer drug. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2007;7:315?7.
    • (2007) Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res , vol.7 , pp. 315-317
  • 75
    • 2442563587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of food-drug interactions with special emphasis on older adults
    • McCabe BJ. Prevention of food-drug interactions with special emphasis on older adults. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2004;7:21?6.
    • (2004) Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care , vol.7 , pp. 21-26
    • McCabe, BJ.1
  • 76
    • 0037414162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug drug interactions among elderly patients hospitalized for drug toxicity
    • Juurlink DN, Mamdani M, Kopp A, et al. Drug drug interactions among elderly patients hospitalized for drug toxicity. Jama 2003;289:1652?8.
    • (2003) Jama , vol.289 , pp. 1652-1658
    • Juurlink, DN1    Mamdani, M2    Kopp, A3
  • 77
    • 84907027073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Similarity-based modeling in large-scale prediction of drug drug interactions
    • Vilar S, Uriarte E, Santana L, et al. Similarity-based modeling in large-scale prediction of drug drug interactions. Nat Protoc 2014;9:2147?63.
    • (2014) Nat Protoc , vol.9 , pp. 2147-2163
    • Vilar, S1    Uriarte, E2    Santana, L3
  • 78
    • 77954269901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The GeneMANIA prediction server: biological network integration for gene prioritization and predicting gene function
    • Warde-Farley D, Donaldson SL, Comes O, et al. The GeneMANIA prediction server: biological network integration for gene prioritization and predicting gene function. Nucleic Acids Res 2010;38:W214?20.
    • (2010) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.38 , pp. W214-W220
    • Warde-Farley, D1    Donaldson, SL2    Comes, O3
  • 79
    • 78149262301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GeneMANIA Cytoscape plugin: fast gene function predictions on the desktop
    • Montojo J, Zuberi K, Rodriguez H, et al. GeneMANIA Cytoscape plugin: fast gene function predictions on the desktop. Bioinformatics 2010;26:2927?8.
    • (2010) Bioinformatics , vol.26 , pp. 2927-2928
    • Montojo, J1    Zuberi, K2    Rodriguez, H3
  • 80
    • 46249123633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A maximum common substructurebased algorithm for searching and predicting drug like compounds
    • Cao Y, Jiang T, Girke T. A maximum common substructurebased algorithm for searching and predicting drug like compounds. Bioinformatics 2008;24:i366?374.
    • (2008) Bioinformatics , vol.24 , pp. i366-i374
    • Cao, Y1    Jiang, T2    Girke, T.3
  • 81
    • 0036827080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance of similarity measures in 2D fragment-based similarity searching: comparison of structural descriptors and similarity coefficients
    • Chen X, Reynolds CH. Performance of similarity measures in 2D fragment-based similarity searching: comparison of structural descriptors and similarity coefficients. J Chem Inf Comput Sci 2002;42:1407?14.
    • (2002) J Chem Inf Comput Sci , vol.42 , pp. 1407-1414
    • Chen, X1    Reynolds, CH.2
  • 82
    • 33847401924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-throughput electronic biology: mining information for drug discovery
    • Loging W, Harland L, Williams-Jones B. High-throughput electronic biology: mining information for drug discovery. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2007;6:220?30.
    • (2007) Nat Rev Drug Discov , vol.6 , pp. 220-230
    • Loging, W1    Harland, L2    Williams-Jones, B.3
  • 83
    • 1842532337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemogenomics: an emerging strategy for rapid target and drug discovery
    • Bredel M, Jacoby E. Chemogenomics: an emerging strategy for rapid target and drug discovery. Nat Rev Genet 2004;5:262?75.
    • (2004) Nat Rev Genet , vol.5 , pp. 262-275
    • Bredel, M1    Jacoby, E.2
  • 84
    • 33846876695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relating protein pharmacology by ligand chemistry
    • Keiser MJ, Roth BL, Armbruster BN, et al. Relating protein pharmacology by ligand chemistry. Nat Biotechnol 2007;25:197?206.
    • (2007) Nat Biotechnol , vol.25 , pp. 197-206
    • Keiser, MJ1    Roth, BL2    Armbruster, BN3
  • 85
    • 70449634957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting new molecular targets for known drugs
    • Keiser MJ, Setola V, Irwin JJ, et al. Predicting new molecular targets for known drugs. Nature 2009;462:175?81.
    • (2009) Nature , vol.462 , pp. 175-181
    • Keiser, MJ1    Setola, V2    Irwin, JJ3
  • 86
    • 0035289779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental and computational approaches to estimate solubility and permeability in drug discovery and development settings
    • Lipinski CA, Lombardo F, Dominy BW, et al. Experimental and computational approaches to estimate solubility and permeability in drug discovery and development settings. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2001;46:3?26.
    • (2001) Adv Drug Deliv Rev , vol.46 , pp. 3-26
    • Lipinski, CA1    Lombardo, F2    Dominy, BW3
  • 87
    • 84860359784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finding the sweet spot: the role of nature and nurture in medicinal chemistry
    • Hann MM, Keseru GM. Finding the sweet spot: the role of nature and nurture in medicinal chemistry. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2012;11:355?65.
    • (2012) Nat Rev Drug Discov , vol.11 , pp. 355-365
    • Hann, MM1    Keseru, GM.2
  • 88
    • 84934439985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of the attrition of drug candidates from four major pharmaceutical companies
    • Waring MJ, Arrowsmith J, Leach AR, et al. An analysis of the attrition of drug candidates from four major pharmaceutical companies. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2015;14:475?86.
    • (2015) Nat Rev Drug Discov , vol.14 , pp. 475-486
    • Waring, MJ1    Arrowsmith, J2    Leach, AR3
  • 89
    • 84961911290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional repertoire, molecular pathways and diseases associated with 3D domain swapping in the human proteome
    • Shameer K, Sowdhamini R. Functional repertoire, molecular pathways and diseases associated with 3D domain swapping in the human proteome. J Clin Bioinforma 2012;2:8.
    • (2012) J Clin Bioinforma , vol.2 , pp. 8
    • Shameer, K1    Sowdhamini, R.2
  • 90
    • 84896691228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward drug repurposing in epigenetics: olsalazine as a hypomethylating compound active in a cellular context
    • Mendez-Lucio O, Tran J, Medina-Franco JL, et al. Toward drug repurposing in epigenetics: olsalazine as a hypomethylating compound active in a cellular context. ChemMedChem 2014;9:560?5.
    • (2014) ChemMedChem , vol.9 , pp. 560-565
    • Mendez-Lucio, O1    Tran, J2    Medina-Franco, JL3
  • 91
    • 84870987376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automated design of ligands to polypharmacological profiles
    • Besnard J, Ruda GF, Setola V, et al. Automated design of ligands to polypharmacological profiles. Nature 2012;492:215?20.
    • (2012) Nature , vol.492 , pp. 215-220
    • Besnard, J1    Ruda, GF2    Setola, V3
  • 92
    • 78650845707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • G protein-coupled receptors: novel targets for drug discovery in cancer
    • Lappano R, Maggiolini M. G protein-coupled receptors: novel targets for drug discovery in cancer. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2011;10:47?60.
    • (2011) Nat Rev Drug Discov , vol.10 , pp. 47-60
    • Lappano, R1    Maggiolini, M.2
  • 93
    • 33646772536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The nuclear receptor superfamily and drug discovery
    • Moore JT, Collins JL, Pearce KH. The nuclear receptor superfamily and drug discovery. ChemMedChem 2006;1:504?23.
    • (2006) ChemMedChem , vol.1 , pp. 504-523
    • Moore, JT1    Collins, JL2    Pearce, KH.3
  • 94
    • 0028782099 scopus 로고
    • The recognition of protein structure and function from sequence: adding value to genome data
    • May AC, Johnson MS, Rufino SD, et al. The recognition of protein structure and function from sequence: adding value to genome data. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1994;344:373?81.
    • (1994) Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci , vol.344 , pp. 373-381
    • May, AC1    Johnson, MS2    Rufino, SD3
  • 96
    • 0034488376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of coactivators and corepressors in the biology and mechanism of action of steroid hormone receptors
    • Edwards DP. The role of coactivators and corepressors in the biology and mechanism of action of steroid hormone receptors. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2000;5:307?24.
    • (2000) J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia , vol.5 , pp. 307-324
    • Edwards, DP.1
  • 97
    • 84877329207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPARgamma signaling and metabolism: the good, the bad and the future
    • Ahmadian M, Suh JM, Hah N, et al. PPARgamma signaling and metabolism: the good, the bad and the future. Nat Med 2013;19:557?66.
    • (2013) Nat Med , vol.19 , pp. 557-566
    • Ahmadian, M1    Suh, JM2    Hah, N3
  • 98
    • 0034713444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roles of PPARs in health and disease
    • Kersten S, Desvergne B, Wahli W. Roles of PPARs in health and disease. Nature 2000;405:421?4.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.405 , pp. 421-424
    • Kersten, S1    Desvergne, B2    Wahli, W.3
  • 99
    • 0037282538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Azathioprine and anti- TNF alpha therapies in Crohn?s disease: a review of pharmacology, clinical efficacy and safety
    • Arnott ID, Watts D, Satsangi J. Azathioprine and anti- TNF alpha therapies in Crohn?s disease: a review of pharmacology, clinical efficacy and safety. Pharmacol Res 2003;47:1?10.
    • (2003) Pharmacol Res , vol.47 , pp. 1-10
    • Arnott, ID1    Watts, D2    Satsangi, J.3
  • 100
    • 8844262660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles for modulation of the nuclear receptor superfamily
    • Gronemeyer H, Gustafsson JA, Laudet V. Principles for modulation of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2004;3:950?64.
    • (2004) Nat Rev Drug Discov , vol.3 , pp. 950-964
    • Gronemeyer, H1    Gustafsson, JA2    Laudet, V.3
  • 101
    • 0000348061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of kringle domains of angiostatin as antagonists of endothelial cell migration, an important process in angiogenesis
    • Ji WR, Castellino FJ, Chang Y, et al. Characterization of kringle domains of angiostatin as antagonists of endothelial cell migration, an important process in angiogenesis. FASEB J 1998;12:1731?8.
    • (1998) FASEB J , vol.12 , pp. 1731-1738
    • Ji, WR1    Castellino, FJ2    Chang, Y3
  • 102
    • 84894660885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathway analysis for drug repositioning based on public database mining
    • Pan Y, Cheng T, Wang Y, et al. Pathway analysis for drug repositioning based on public database mining. J Chem Inf Model 2014;54:407?18.
    • (2014) J Chem Inf Model , vol.54 , pp. 407-418
    • Pan, Y1    Cheng, T2    Wang, Y3
  • 103
    • 84891787534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SMPDB 2. 0: big improvements to the small molecule pathway database
    • Jewison T, Su Y, Disfany FM, et al. SMPDB 2. 0: big improvements to the small molecule pathway database. Nucleic Acids Res 2014;42:D478?484.
    • (2014) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.42 , pp. D478-D484
    • Jewison, T1    Su, Y2    Disfany, FM3
  • 104
    • 84862203775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WikiPathways: building research communities on biological pathways
    • Kelder T, van Iersel MP, Hanspers K, et al. WikiPathways: building research communities on biological pathways. Nucleic Acids Res 2012;40:D1301?1307.
    • (2012) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.40 , pp. D1301-D1307
    • Kelder, T1    van Iersel, MP2    Hanspers, K3
  • 105
    • 58149186477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PID: the pathway interaction database
    • Schaefer CF, Anthony K, Krupa S, et al. PID: the pathway interaction database. Nucleic Acids Res 2009;37:D674?9.
    • (2009) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.37 , pp. D674-D679
    • Schaefer, CF1    Anthony, K2    Krupa, S3
  • 106
    • 84866611528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacogenomics knowledge for personalized medicine
    • Whirl-Carrillo M, McDonagh EM, Hebert JM, et al. Pharmacogenomics knowledge for personalized medicine. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2012;92:414?7.
    • (2012) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.92 , pp. 414-417
    • Whirl-Carrillo, M1    McDonagh, EM2    Hebert, JM3
  • 107
    • 14844326483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computational prediction of human metabolic pathways from the complete human genome
    • Romero P, Wagg J, Green ML, et al. Computational prediction of human metabolic pathways from the complete human genome. Genome Biol 2005;6:R2.
    • (2005) Genome Biol , vol.6 , pp. R2
    • Romero, P1    Wagg, J2    Green, ML3
  • 108
    • 84877972616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting targeted polypharmacology for drug repositioning and multi- target drug discovery
    • Liu X, Zhu F, Ma XH, et al. Predicting targeted polypharmacology for drug repositioning and multi- target drug discovery. Curr Med Chem 2013;20:1646?61.
    • (2013) Curr Med Chem , vol.20 , pp. 1646-1661
    • Liu, X1    Zhu, F2    Ma, XH3
  • 109
    • 84859638338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of genome-wide association studies for drug repositioning
    • Sanseau P, Agarwal P, Barnes MR, et al. Use of genome-wide association studies for drug repositioning. Nat Biotechnol 2012;30:317?20.
    • (2012) Nat Biotechnol , vol.30 , pp. 317-320
    • Sanseau, P1    Agarwal, P2    Barnes, MR3
  • 110
    • 84961218962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genetics of drug efficacy: opportunities and challenges
    • Nelson MR, Johnson T, Warren L, et al. The genetics of drug efficacy: opportunities and challenges. Nat Rev Genet 2016;17:197?206.
    • (2016) Nat Rev Genet , vol.17 , pp. 197-206
    • Nelson, MR1    Johnson, T2    Warren, L3
  • 111
    • 84926659527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opportunities for drug repositioning from phenome-wide association studies
    • Rastegar-Mojarad M, Ye Z, Kolesar JM, et al. Opportunities for drug repositioning from phenome-wide association studies. Nat Biotechnol 2015;33:342?5.
    • (2015) Nat Biotechnol , vol.33 , pp. 342-345
    • Rastegar-Mojarad, M1    Ye, Z2    Kolesar, JM3
  • 112
    • 84908113200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecularly and clinically related drugs and diseases are enriched in phenotypically similar drug disease pairs
    • Vogt I, Prinz J, Campillos M. Molecularly and clinically related drugs and diseases are enriched in phenotypically similar drug disease pairs. Genome Med 2014;6:52.
    • (2014) Genome Med , vol.6 , pp. 52
    • Vogt, I1    Prinz, J2    Campillos, M.3
  • 113
    • 45949108450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The changing prevalence of comorbidity across the age spectrum
    • Piccirillo JF, Vlahiotis A, Barrett LB, et al. The changing prevalence of comorbidity across the age spectrum. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2008;67:124?32.
    • (2008) Crit Rev Oncol Hematol , vol.67 , pp. 124-132
    • Piccirillo, JF1    Vlahiotis, A2    Barrett, LB3
  • 114
    • 0041677541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comorbidity: implications for the importance of primary care in 0case0 management
    • Starfield B, Lemke KW, Bernhardt T, et al. Comorbidity: implications for the importance of primary care in 0case0 management. Ann Fam Med 2003;1:8?14.
    • (2003) Ann Fam Med , vol.1 , pp. 8-14
    • Starfield, B1    Lemke, KW2    Bernhardt, T3
  • 115
    • 32644487066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comorbidity and guidelines: conflicting interests
    • van Weel C, Schellevis FG. Comorbidity and guidelines: conflicting interests. Lancet 2006;367:550?1.
    • (2006) Lancet , vol.367 , pp. 550-551
    • van Weel, C1    Schellevis, FG.2
  • 116
    • 0014252016 scopus 로고
    • Diseases associated with ulcerative colitis and Crohn?s disease
    • Hammer B, Ashurst P, Naish J. Diseases associated with ulcerative colitis and Crohn?s disease. Gut 1968;9:17?21.
    • (1968) Gut , vol.9 , pp. 17-21
    • Hammer, B1    Ashurst, P2    Naish, J.3
  • 117
    • 48349136889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association defines more than 30 distinct susceptibility loci for Crohn?s disease
    • Barrett JC, Hansoul S, Nicolae DL, et al. Genome-wide association defines more than 30 distinct susceptibility loci for Crohn?s disease. Nat Genet 2008;40:955?62.
    • (2008) Nat Genet , vol.40 , pp. 955-962
    • Barrett, JC1    Hansoul, S2    Nicolae, DL3
  • 118
    • 84922704898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The roles of academia, rare diseases, and repurposing in the development of the most transformative drugs
    • Kesselheim AS, Tan YT, Avorn J. The roles of academia, rare diseases, and repurposing in the development of the most transformative drugs. Health Aff 2015;34:286?93.
    • (2015) Health Aff , vol.34 , pp. 286-293
    • Kesselheim, AS1    Tan, YT2    Avorn, J.3
  • 119
    • 85038651316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug reformulations and repositioning in pharmaceutical industry and its impact on market access: reassessment of nomenclature
    • Murteira S, Ghezaiel Z, Karray S, Lamure M. Drug reformulations and repositioning in pharmaceutical industry and its impact on market access: reassessment of nomenclature. J Mark Access Health Policy 2013;1:21131.
    • (2013) J Mark Access Health Policy , vol.1 , pp. 21131
    • Murteira, S1    Ghezaiel, Z2    Karray, S3    Lamure, M.4
  • 120
    • 84941051170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • STRING v10: protein-protein interaction networks, integrated over the tree of life
    • Szklarczyk D, Franceschini A, Wyder S, et al. STRING v10: protein-protein interaction networks, integrated over the tree of life. Nucleic Acids Res 2015;43:D447?52.
    • (2015) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.43 , pp. D447-D452
    • Szklarczyk, D1    Franceschini, A2    Wyder, S3
  • 121
    • 78651046065 scopus 로고
    • Uses and abuses of drugs, new and old, in dermatology
    • Niedelman ML. Uses and abuses of drugs, new and old, in dermatology. Pa Med J 1954;57:333?8.
    • (1954) Pa Med J , vol.57 , pp. 333-338
    • Niedelman, ML.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.