Using Xenopus to understand human disease and developmental disorders

Genesis

Volumn 55, Issue 1-2, 2017, Pages

  Sater, Amy K ^a   Moody, Sally A ^b  

^a University of Houston   (United States)

^b GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES   (United States)

Author keywords

embryo; genome; human disease; model system; Xenopus

Indexed keywords

ANTIBODY;

ANIMAL MODEL; BIOMEDICINE; DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER; DNA SEQUENCE; FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS; GENE EDITING; GENE FUNCTION; NONHUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEOMICS; REVIEW; TRANSGENICS; XENOPUS; ANIMAL; DISEASE MODEL; GENETICS; GENOMICS; HUMAN; MAMMAL; PRECLINICAL STUDY;

ANIMALS; DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; DRUG EVALUATION, PRECLINICAL; GENE EDITING; GENOMICS; HUMANS; MAMMALS; PROTEOMICS; XENOPUS;

EID: 85010843659     PISSN: 1526954X     EISSN: 1526968X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22997     Document Type: Review

References (113)

1. Agricola, Z. N., Jagpal, A. K., Allbee, A. W., Prewitt, A. R., Shifley, E. T., Rankin, S. A., … Kenny, A. P. (2016). Identification of genes expressed in the migrating primitive myeloid lineage of Xenopus laevis. Developmental Dynamics, 245, 47–55.
2. Ali, F. R., Cheng, K., Kirwan, P., Metcalfe, S., Livesey, F. J., Barker, R. A., & Philpott, A. (2014). The phosphorylation status of Ascl1 is a key determinant of neuronal differentiation and maturation in vivo and in vitro. Development, 141, 2216–2224.
3. Belikov, S., Berg, O. G., & Wrange, Ö. (2016). Quantification of transcription factor-DNA binding affinity in a living cell. Nucleic Acids Research, 44, 3045–3058.
4. Bestman, J. E., Huang, L.-C., Lee-Osbourne, J., Cheung, P., & Cline, H. T. (2015). An in vivo screen to identify candidate neurogenic genes in the developing Xenopus visual system. Developmental Biology, 408, 269–291.
5. Bhattacharya, D., Marfo, C. A., Li, D., Lane, M., & Khokha, M. K. (2015). CRISPR/Cas9: An inexpensive, efficient loss of function tool to screen human disease genes in Xenopus. Developmental Biology, 408, 196–204.
6. Bogdanović, O., Smits, A. H., de la Calle Mustienes, E., Tena, J. J., Ford, E., Williams, R., … Lister, R. (2016). Active DNA demethylation at enhancers during the vertebrate phylotypic period. Nature Genetics, 48, 417–426.
7. Brown, D. D. (2004). A tribute to the Xenopus laevis oocyte and egg. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 279, 45291–45299.
8. Buisine, N., Ruan, X., Bilesimo, P., Grimaldi, A., Alfama, G., Ariyaratne, P., … Sachs, L. M. (2015). Xenopus tropicalis genome re-scaffolding and re-annotation reach the resolution required for in vivo ChIA-PET analysis. PLoS One, 10, e0137526.
9. Buitrago-Delgado, E., Nordin, K., Rao, A., Geary, L., & LaBonne, C. (2015). Neurodevelopment. Shared regulatory programs suggest retention of blastula-stage potential in neural crest cells. Science, 348, 1332–1335.
10. Chen, X., Wang, J., Zhu, H., Ding, J., & Peng, Y. (2015). Proteomics analysis of Xenopus laevis gonad tissue following chronic exposure to atrazine. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 34, 1770–1777.
11. Dawid, I. B. (1966). Evidence for the mitochondrial origin of frog egg cytoplasmic DNA. Proceedings of National Academic of Science USA, 56, 269–276.
12. De Jesús Andino, F., Jones, L., Maggirwar, S. B., & Robert, J. (2016). Frog Virus 3 dissemination in the brain of tadpoles, but not in adult Xenopus, involves blood brain barrier dysfunction. Scientific Reports, 6, 22508.
13. Desgrange, A., & Cereghini, S. (2015). Nephron patterning: Lessons from xenopus, zebrafish, and mouse studies. Cells, 4, 483–499.
14. Dickinson, A. J. (2016). Using frogs faces to dissect the mechanisms underlying human orofacial defects. Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology, 51, 54–63.
15. Dush, M. K., McIver, A. L., Parr, M. A., Young, D. D., Fisher, J., Newman, D. R., … Nascone-Yoder, N. (2011). Heterotaxin: A TGF-β signaling inhibitor identified in a multi-phenotype profiling screen in Xenopus embryos. Chemical Biology, 18, 252–263.
16. Edholm, E. S., Grayfer, L., De Jesús Andino, F., & Robert, J. (2015). Nonclassical MHC-restricted invariant Vα6 T cells are critical for efficient early innate antiviral immunity in the amphibian Xenopus laevis. Journal of Immunology, 195, 576–586.
17. Endicott, S. J., Basu, B., Khokha, M., & Brueckner, M. (2015). The NIMA-like kinase Nek2 is a key switch balancing cilia biogenesis and resorption in the development of left-right asymmetry. Development, 142, 4068–4079.
18. Fedoroff, N. V., & Brown, D. D. (1978). The nucleotide sequence of oocyte 5S DNA in Xenopus laevis. I. The AT-rich spacer. Cell, 13, 701–716.
19. Franchini, A., & Bertolotti, E. (2014). The thymus and skin wound healing in Xenopus laevis adults. Acta Histochemistry, 116, 1141–1147.
20. Gao, L., Zhu, X., Chen, G., Ma, X., Zhang, Y., Khand, A. A., … Tao, Q. (2016). A novel role for Ascl1 in the regulation of mesendoderm formation via HDAC-dependent antagonism of VegT. Development, 143, 492–503.
21. Gazdag, E., Jacobi, U. G., van Kruijsbergen, I., Weeks, D. L., & Veenstra, G. J. (2016). Activation of a T-box-Otx2-Gsc gene network independent of TBP and TBP-related factors. Development, 143, 1340–1350.
22. Grant, I. M., Balcha, D., Hao, T., Shen, Y., Trivedi, P., Patrushev, I., … Gilchrist, M. J. (2015). The Xenopus ORFeome: A resource that enables functional genomics. Developmental Biology, 408, 345–357.
23. Grayfer, L., & Robert, J. (2015). Distinct functional roles of amphibian (Xenopus laevis) colony-stimulating factor-1- and interleukin-34-derived macrophages. Journal of Leukocytic Biology, 98, 641–649.
24. Green, Y. S., Kwon, S., & Christian, J. L. (2016). Expression pattern of bcar3, a downstream target of Gata2, and its binding partner, bcar1, during Xenopus development. Gene Expression Patterns, 20, 55–62.
25. Griffin, J. N., Sondalle, S. B., Del Viso, F., Baserga, S. J., & Khokha, M. K. (2015). The ribosome biogenesis factor Nol11 is required for optimal rDNA transcription and craniofacial development in Xenopus. PLoS Genetics, 11, e1005018.
26. Guilinger, J. P., Thompson, D. B., & Liu, D. R. (2014). Fusion of catalytically inactive Cas9 to FokI nuclease improves the specificity of genome modification. Nature and Biotechnology, 32, 577–582.
27. Gurdon, J. (1960). The developmental capacity of nuclei taken from differentiating endoderm cells of Xenopus laevis. Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology, 8, 505–526.
28. Hammer, H., Ebert, B., Jensen, H. S., & Jensen, A. A. (2015). Functional characterization of the 1,5-benzodiazepine clobazam and its major active metabolite N-desmethylclobazam at human GABA(A) receptors expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. PLoS One, 10, e0120239.
29. Hardwick, L. J. A., & Philpott, A. (2015). An oncologist's friend: How Xenopus contributes to cancer research. Developmental Biology, 408, 180–187.
30. Haremaki, T., Deglincerti, A., & Brivanlou, A. H. (2015). Huntingtin is required for ciliogenesis and neurogenesis during early Xenopus development. Developmental Biology, 408, 305–315.
31. Hayashi, S., Kawaguchi, A., Uchiyama, I., Kawasumi-Kita, A., Kobayashi, T., Nishide, H., … Yokoyama, H. (2015). Epigenetic modification maintains intrinsic limb-cell identity in Xenopus limb bud regeneration. Developmental Biology, 406, 271–282.
32. Haynes-Gilmore, N., Banach, M., Brown, E., Dawes, R., Edholm, E.-S., Kim, M., … Robert, J. (2015). Semi-solid tumor model in Xenopus laevis/gilli cloned tadpoles for intravital study of neovascularization, immune cells and melanophore infiltration. Developmental Biology, 408, 205–212.
33. Haynes-Gilmore, N., Banach, M., Edholm, E. S., Lord, E., & Robert, J. (2014). A critical role of non-classical MHC in tumor immune evasion in the amphibian Xenopus model. Carcinogenesis, 35, 1807–1813.
34. Hellsten, U., Harland, R. M., Gilchrist, M. J., Hendrix, D., Jurka, J., Kapitonov, V., … Rokhsar, D. S. (2010). The genome of the Western clawed frog Xenopus tropicalis. Science, 328, 633–636.
35. Hellyer, S. D., Indurthi, D., Balle, T., Runder-Varga, V., Selwood, A. I., Tyndall, J. D., … Kerr, D. S. (2015). Pinnatoxins E, F and G target multiple nicotinic receptor subtypes. Journal of Neurochemistry, 135, 479–491.
36. Hontelez, S., van Kruijsbergen, I., Georgiou, G., van Heeringen, S. J., Bogdanovic, O., Lister, R., … Veenstra, G. J. (2015). Embryonic transcription is controlled by maternally defined chromatin state. Nature Communications, 6, 10148.
37. James, E. J., Gu, J., Ramirez-Vizcarrondo, C. M., Hasan, M., Truszkowski, T. L., Tan, Y., … Aizenman, C. D. (2015). Valproate-induced neurodevelopmental deficits in Xenopus laevis tadpoles. Journal of Neuroscience, 35, 3218–3229.
38. James-Zorn, C., Ponferrada, V. G., Jarabek, C. J., Burns, K. A., Segerdell, E. J., Lee, J., … Vize, P. D. (2013). Xenbase: Expansion and updates of the Xenopus model organism database. Nucleic Acids Research, 41, D865–D870.
39. Jullien, J., Miyamoto, K., Pasque, V., Allen, G. E., Bradshaw, C. R., Garrett, N. J., … Gurdon, J. B. (2014). Hierarchical molecular events driven by oocyte-specific factors lead to rapid and extensive reprogramming. Molecular Cell, 55, 524–536.
40. Kalb, R., Mallery, D. L., Larkin, C., Huang, J. T., & Hiom, K. (2014). BRCA1 is a histone-H2A-specific ubiquitin ligase. Cell Reports, 8, 999–1005.
41. Kälin, R. E., Bänziger-Tobler, N. E., Detmar, M., & Brändli, A. W. (2009). An in vivo chemical library screen in Xenopus tadpoles reveals novel pathways involved in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Blood, 114, 1110–1122.
42. Karpinka, J. B., Fortriede, J. D., Burns, K. A., James-Zorn, C., Ponferrada, V. G., Lee, J., … Vize, P. D. (2015). Xenbase, the Xenopus model organism database; new virtualized system, data types and genomes. Nucleic Acids Research, 43, D756–D763.
43. Kermi, C., Prieto, S., van der Laan, S., Tsanov, N., Recolin, B., Uro-Coste, E., … Maiorano, D. (2015). RAD18 is a maternal limiting factor silencing the UV-dependent DNA damage checkpoint in Xenopus embryos. Developmental Cell, 34, 364–372.
44. Kleinstiver, B. P., Pattanayak, V., Prew, M. S., Tsai, S. Q., Nguyen, N. T., Zheng, Z., & Joung, J. K. (2016). High-fidelity CRISPR-Cas9 nucleases with no detectable genome-wide off-target effects. Nature, 529, 490–495.
45. Kofent, J., & Spagnoli, F. M. (2016). Xenopus as a model system for studying pancreatic development and diabetes. Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology, 51, 106–116.
46. Kole, D., Ambady, S., Page, R. L., & Dominko, T. (2014). Maintenance of multipotency in human dermal fibroblasts treated with Xenopus laevis egg extract requires exogenous fibroblast growth factor-2. Cell Reprogramming, 16, 18–28.
47. Kortüm, F., Caputo, V., Bauer, C. K., Stella, L., Ciolfi, A., Alawi, M., … Kutsche, K. (2015). Mutations in KCNH1 and ATP6V1B2 cause Zimmermann–Laband syndrome. Nature Genetics, 47, 661–667.
48. Kurmann, A. A., Serra, M., Hawkins, F., Rankin, S. A., Mori, M., Astapova, I., … Kotton, D. N. (2015). Regeneration of thyroid function by transplantation of differentiated pluripotent stem cells. Cell Stem Cell, 17, 527–542.
49. Landais, I., Sobeck, A., Stone, S., LaChapelle, A., & Hoatlin, M. E. (2009). A novel cell-free screen identifies a potent inhibitor of the Fanconi anemia pathway. International Journal of Cancer, 124, 783–792.
50. Lee, H. J., Shi, D. L., & Zheng, J. J. (2015). Conformational change of Dishevelled plays a key regulatory role in the Wnt signaling pathways. Elife, 4, e08142.
51. Lee, H., Lee, S. J., Kim, G. H., Yeo, I., & Han, J. K. (2016). PLD1 regulates Xenopus convergent extension movements by mediating Frizzled7 endocytosis for Wnt/PCP signal activation. Developmental Biology, 411, 38–49.
52. Lienkamp, S. S. (2016). Using Xenopus to study genetic kidney diseases. Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology, 51, 117–124.
53. Long, D. T., Joukov, V., Budzowska, M., & Walter, J. C. (2014). BRCA1 promotes unloading of the CMG helicase from a stalled DNA replication fork. Molecular Cell, 56, 174–185.
54. Malhotra, S., Vinod, P. K., Mansfeld, J., Stemmann, O., & Mayer, T. U. (2016). The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome is essential for entry into meiotic M-phase. Developmental Cell, 36, 94–102.
55. Maza, I., & Hanna, J. H. (2014). Hijacked by an oocyte: Hierarchical molecular changes in somatic cell nuclear transfer. Molecular Cell, 55, 507–509.
56. McCoy, F., Darbandi, R., Chen, S. I., Eckard, L., Dodd, K., Jones, K., … Nutt, L. K. (2013). Metabolic regulation of CaMKII protein and caspases in Xenopus laevis egg extracts. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 288, 8838–8848.
57. Metikala, S., Neuhaus, H., & Hollemann, T. (2016). Suppression of vascular network formation by chronic hypoxia and prolyl-hydroxylase 2 (phd2) deficiency during vertebrate development. Angiogenesis, 19, 119–131.
58. Miller, J. R., Cartwright, E. M., Brownlee, G. G., Fedoroff, N. V., & Brown, D. D. (1978). The nucleotide sequence of oocyte 5S DNA in Xenopus laevis. II. The GC-rich region. Cell, 13, 717–725.
59. Mimoto, M. S., Kwon, S., Green, Y. S., Goldman, D., & Christian, J. L. (2015). GATA2 regulates Wnt signaling to promote primitive red blood cell fate. Developmental Biology, 407, 1–11.
60. Minshull, J., Pines, J., Golsteyn, R., Standart, N., Mackie, S., Colman, A., … Hunt, T. (1989). The role of cyclin synthesis, modification and destruction in the control of cell division. Journal of Cell Science: Supplement, 12, 77–97.
61. Moody, S. A., Neilson, K. M., Kenyon, K. L., Alfandari, D., & Pignoni, F. (2015). Using Xenopus to discover new genes involved in branchiootorenal spectrum disorders. Comprehensive Biochemistry and Physiology: Part C: Toxicology and Pharmacology, 178, 16–24.
62. Muñoz, R., Edwards-Faret, G., Moreno, M., Zuñiga, N., Cline, H., & Larraín, J. (2015). Regeneration of Xenopus laevis spinal cord requires Sox2/3 expressing cells. Developmental Biology, 408, 229–243.
63. Nakai, Y., Nakajima, K., Robert, J., & Yaoita, Y. (2016). Ouro proteins are not essential to tail regression during Xenopus tropicalis metamorphosis. Genes Cells, 21, 275–286.
64. Nakayama, T., Fisher, M., Nakajima, K., Odeleye, A. O., Zimmerman, K. B., Fish, M. B., … Grainger, R. M. (2015). Xenopus pax6 mutants affect eye development and other organ systems, and have phenotypic similarities to human aniridia patients. Developmental Biology, 408, 328–344.
65. Nakayama, T., Fish, M. B., Fisher, M., Oomen-Hajagos, J., Thomsen, G. H., & Grainger, R. M. (2013). Simple and efficient CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis in Xenopus tropicalis. Genesis, 51, 835–843.
66. Nie, S., & Bronner, M. E. (2015). Dual developmental role of transcriptional regulator Ets1 in Xenopus cardiac neural crest vs. heart mesoderm. Cardiovascular Research, 106, 67–75.
67. Okada, M., Wen, L., Miller, T. C., Su, D., & Shi, Y. B. (2015). Molecular and cytological analyses reveal distinct transformations of intestinal epithelial cells during Xenopus metamorphosis. Cell and Bioscience, 5, 74.
68. Olivera Harris, M., Kallenberger, L., Artola Borán, M., Enoiu, M., Costanzo, V., & Jiricny, J. (2015). Mismatch repair-dependent metabolism of O6-methylguanine-containing DNA in Xenopus laevis egg extracts. DNA Repair (Amsterdam), 28, 1–7.
69. Ossipova, O., Chu, C.-W., Fillatre, J., Brott, B. K., Itoh, K., & Sokol, S. Y. (2015). The involvement of PCP proteins in radial cell intercalations during Xenopus embryonic development. Developmental Biology, 408, 316–327.
70. Owens, N. D., Blitz, I. L., Lane, M. A., Patrushev, I., Overton, J. D., Gilchrist, M. J., … Khokha, M. K. (2016). Measuring absolute RNA copy numbers at high temporal resolution reveals transcriptome kinetics in development. Cell Reports, 14, 632–647.
71. Paranjpe, S. S., & Veenstra, G. J. (2015). Establishing pluripotency in early development. Biochemistry Biophysics Acta, 1849, 626–636.
72. Paredes, R., Ishibashi, S., Borrill, R., Robert, J., & Amaya, E. (2015). Xenopus: An in vivo model for imaging the inflammatory response following injury and bacterial infection. Developmental Biology, 408, 213–228.
73. Park, H. J., Baik, H. J., Kim, D. Y., Lee, G. Y., Woo, J. H., Zuo, Z., & Chung, R. K. (2015). Doxepin and imipramine but not fluoxetine reduce the activity of the rat glutamate transporter EAAT3 expressed in Xenopus oocytes. BMC Anesthesiology, 15, 116.
74. Park, S., Blaser, S., Marchal, M. A., Houston, D. W., & Sheets, M. D. (2016). A gradient of maternal Bicaudal-C controls vertebrate embryogenesis via translational repression of mRNAs encoding cell fate regulators. Development, 143, 864–871.
75. Patil, R. V., Xu, S., van Hoek, A. N., Rusinko, A., Feng, Z., May, J., … Mitra, A. K. (2016). Rapid identification of novel inhibitors of the human aquaporin-1 water channel. Chemical Biology and Drug Design, 87, 794–805.
76. Pearl, E. J., Jarikji, Z., & Horb, M. E. (2011). Functional analysis of Rfx6 and mutant variants associated with neonatal diabetes. Developmental Biology, 351, 135–145.
77. Pines, J., & Hunt, T. (1987). Molecular cloning and characterization of the mRNA for cyclin from sea urchin eggs. EMBO Journal, 6, 2987–2995.
78. Quadri, M., Papke, R. L., & Horenstein, N. A. (2016). Dissection of N,N-diethyl-N'-phenylpiperazines as α7 nicotinic receptor silent agonists. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, 24, 286–293.
79. Ramírez-Gordillo, D., Powers, T. R., van Velkinburgh, J. C., Trujillo-Provencio, C., Schilkey, F., & Serrano, E. E. (2015). RNA-Seq and microarray analysis of the Xenopus inner ear transcriptome discloses orthologous OMIM(®) genes for hereditary disorders of hearing and balance. BMC Research Notes, 8, 691.
80. Ramirez-Vizcarrando, C., Hasan, M., Gu, J., Khakhalin, A., & Aizenman, C. 2015. Novel behavioral assays to model neurodevelopmental disorders in the Xenopus laevis Tadpole. FASEB Journal, 29, Supplement 657.1.
81. Räschle, M., Smeenk, G., Hansen, R. K., Temu, T., Oka, Y., Hein, M. Y., … Mann, M. (2015). DNA repair. Proteomics reveals dynamic assembly of repair complexes during bypass of DNA cross-links. Science, 348, 1253671.
82. Ratzan, W., Falco, R., Salanga, C., Salanga, M., & Horb, M. E. (2016). Generation of a Xenopus laevis F1 albino J strain by genome editing and oocyte host-transfer. Developmental Biology, 15, 30350–3035X.
83. Rodrigues, R. J., Almeida, T., Díaz-Hernández, M., Marques, J. M., Franco, R., Solsona, C., … Cunha, R. A. (2016). Presynaptic P2X1-3 and α3-containing nicotinic receptors assemble into functionally interacting ion channels in the rat hippocampus. Neuropharmacology, 105, 241–257.
84. Sabherwal, N., Thuret, R., Lea, R., Stanley, P., & Papalopulu, N. (2014). aPKC phosphorylates p27Xic1, providing a mechanistic link between apicobasal polarity and cell-cycle control. Developmental Cell, 31, 559–571.
85. Sai, L., Liu, Y., Qu, B., Yu, G., Guo, Q., Bo, C., … Peng, C. (2015). The effects of simazine, a chlorotriazine herbicide, on the expression of genes in developing male Xenopus laevis. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 95, 157–163.
86. Salanga, M. C., & Horb, M. E. (2015). Xenopus as a model for GI/pancreas disease. Current Pathobiology Reports, 3, 137–145.
87. Sanuki, Y., Kubota, Y., Kanemaki, M. T., Takahashi, T. S., Mimura, S., & Takisawa, H. (2015). RecQ4 promotes the conversion of the pre-initiation complex at a site-specific origin for DNA unwinding in Xenopus egg extracts. Cell Cycle, 14, 1010–1023.
88. Session, A. M., Uno, Y., Kwon, T., Chapman, J. A., Toyoda, A., Takahashi, S., … Rokhsar, D. S. (2016). Genome evolution in the allotetraploid frog Xenopus laevis. Nature, 538, 336–343.
89. Sekizar, S., Mannioui, A., Azoyan, L., Colin, C., Thomas, J. L., Du Pasquier, D., … Zalc, B. (2015). Remyelination by resident oligodendrocyte precursor cells in a Xenopus laevis inducible model of demyelination. Developmental Neuroscience, 37, 232–242.
90. Shi, Z., Wang, F., Cui, Y., Liu, Z., Guo, X., Zhang, Y., … Chen, Y. (2015). Heritable CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted integration in Xenopus tropicalis. FASEB Journal, 29, 4914–4923.
91. Shintomi, K., Takahashi, T. S., & Hirano, T. (2015). Reconstitution of mitotic chromatids with a minimum set of purified factors. Nature and Cell Biology, 17, 1014–1023.
92. Silva, E., Betleja, E., John, E., Spear, P., Moresco, J. J., Zhang, S., … Mahjoub, M. R. (2016). Ccdc11 is a novel centriolar satellite protein essential for ciliogenesis and establishment of left-right asymmetry. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 27, 48–63.
93. Slaymaker, I. M., Gao, L., Zetsche, B., Scott, D. A., Yan, W. X., & Zhang, F. (2016). Rationally engineered Cas9 nucleases with improved specificity. Science, 351, 84–88.
94. Stiburkova, B., Stekrova, J., Nakamura, M., & Ichida, K. (2015). Hereditary renal hypouricemia type 1 and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. American Journal of Medical Sciences, 350, 268–271.
95. Tamaoki, K., Okada, R., Ishihara, A., Shiojiri, N., Mochizuki, K., Goda, T., & Yamauchi, K. (2016). Morphological, biochemical, transcriptional and epigenetic responses to fasting and refeeding in intestine of Xenopus laevis. Cell Biosciences, 6, 2.
96. Tammaro, M., Liao, S., Beeharry, N., & Yan, H. (2016). DNA double-strand breaks with 5' adducts are efficiently channeled to the DNA2-mediated resection pathway. Nucleic Acids Research, 44, 221–231.
97. Tanizaki, Y., Ishida-Iwata, T., Obuchi-Shimoji, M., & Kato, T. (2015). Cellular characterization of thrombocytes in Xenopus laevis with specific monoclonal antibodies. Experimental Hematology, 43, 125–136.
98. Thorne, C. A., Lafleur, B., Lewis, M., Hanson, A. J., Jernigan, K. K., Weaver, D. C., … Lee, E. (2011). A biochemical screen for identification of small-molecule regulators of the Wnt pathway using Xenopus egg extracts. Journal of Biomolecular Screening, 16, 995–1006.
99. Torres-Prioris, A., Smith, S. J., Mohun, T. J., Fernández, B., & Durán, A. C. (2015). Contribution of Xenopus model to a better understanding of cardiac outflow tract. Laboratory Animals, 49, 2015: 60 (ID:60).
100. Ullah, G., Demuro, A., Parker, I., & Pearson, J. E. (2015). Analyzing and modeling the kinetics of amyloid beta pores associated with Alzheimer's disease pathology. PLoS One, 10, e0137357.
101. Van Nieuwenhuysen, T., Naert, T., Tran, H. T., Van Imschoot, G., Geurs, S., Sanders, E., … Vleminckx, K. 2 (2015). TALEN-mediated apc mutation in Xenopus tropicalis phenocopies familial adenomatous polyposis. Oncoscience, 2, 555–566.
102. Volkmann, R. A., Fanger, C. M., Anderson, D. R., Sirivolu, V. R., Paschetto, K., Gordon, E., … Menniti, F. S. (2016). MPX-004 and MPX-007: New pharmacological tools to study the physiology of NMDA receptors containing the GluN2A subunit. PLoS One, 11, e0148129.
103. Walentek, P., Beyer, T., Hagenlocher, C., Müller, C., Feistel, K., Schweickert, A., … Blum, M. (2015). ATP4a is required for development and function of the Xenopus mucociliary epidermis—A potential model to study proton pump inhibitor-associated pneumonia. Developmental Biology, 408, 292–304.
104. Wang, W. L., Anderson, L. C., Nicklay, J. J., Chen, H., Gamble, M. J., Shabanowitz, J., … Shechter, D. (2014). Phosphorylation and arginine methylation mark histone H2A prior to deposition during Xenopus laevis development. Epigenetics Chromatin, 7, 22.
105. Wang, Y. H., & Beck, C. (2015). Distinct patterns of endosulfatase gene expression during Xenopus laevis limb development and regeneration. Regeneration (Oxford), 2, 19–25.
106. Wang, Y. H., Keenan, S. R., Lynn, J., McEwan, J. C., & Beck, C. W. (2015). Gremlin1 induces anterior–posterior limb bifurcations in developing Xenopus limbs but does not enhance limb regeneration. Mechanisms of Development, 138 Pt 3, 256–267.
107. Wangkanont, K., Wesener, D. A., Vidani, J. A., Kiessling, L. L., & Forest, K. T. (2016). Structures of xenopus embryonic epidermal lectin reveal a conserved mechanism of microbial glycan recognition. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 291, 5596–5610.
108. Wei, L., Tominaga, H., Ohgaki, R., Wiriyasermkul, P., Hagiwara, K., Okuda, S., … Kanai, Y. (2016). Specific transport of 3-fluoro-l-α-methyl-tyrosine by LAT1 explains its specificity to malignant tumors in imaging. Cancer Science, 107, 347–352.
109. Wen, L., Fu, L., Guo, X., Chen, Y., & Shi, Y. B. (2015). Histone methyltransferase Dot1L plays a role in postembryonic development in Xenopus tropicalis. FASEB Journal, 29, 385–393.
110. Yeo, H. L., Lim, J. Y. N., Fukami, Y., Yuki, N., & Lee, C. W. (2015). Using Xenopus tissue cultures for the study of myasthenia gravis pathogenesis. Developmental Biology, 408, 244–251.
111. Zhang, J., Dewar, J. M., Budzowska, M., Motnenko, A., Cohn, M. A., & Walter, J. C. (2015a). DNA interstrand cross-link repair requires replication-fork convergence. Nature Structural and Molecular Biology, 22, 242–247.
112. Zhang, X., Cheong, S. M., Amado, N. G., Reis, A. H., MacDonald, B. T., Zebisch, M., … He, X. (2015b). Notum is required for neural and head induction via Wnt deacylation, oxidation, and inactivation. Developmental Cell, 32, 719–730.
113. Zhao, Y., Shi, J., Winey, M., & Klymkowsky, M. W. (2016). Identifying domains of EFHC1 involved in ciliary localization, ciliogenesis, and the regulation of Wnt signaling. Developmental Biology, 411, 257–265.