B cells, antibodies, and more

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

Volumn 11, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 137-154

  Hoffman, William ^a   Lakkis, Fadi G ^a,b   Chalasani, Geetha ^a,b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

APRIL PROTEIN; B LYMPHOCYTE ANTIBODY; B LYMPHOCYTE RECEPTOR; IMMUNOGLOBULIN A; IMMUNOGLOBULIN E; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G1; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G2; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G3; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G4; IMMUNOGLOBULIN M; ANTIBODY; B CELL ACTIVATING FACTOR; TNFSF13B PROTEIN, HUMAN;

ANTIBODY SPECIFICITY; ANTIBODY STRUCTURE; ANTIGEN RECOGNITION; ARTICLE; B LYMPHOCYTE; B LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CRYOGLOBULINEMIA; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; KIDNEY DISEASE; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS NEPHRITIS; MEMBRANOUS GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; NONHUMAN; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; ACUTE KIDNEY FAILURE; ANIMAL; ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELL; CELLULAR IMMUNITY; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; IMMUNOLOGICAL TOLERANCE; IMMUNOLOGY; LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION; PHYSIOLOGY;

ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY; ANIMALS; ANTIBODIES; ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS; B-CELL ACTIVATING FACTOR; B-LYMPHOCYTES; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS, MEMBRANOUS; HUMANS; IMMUNE TOLERANCE; IMMUNITY, CELLULAR; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; LUPUS NEPHRITIS; LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION;

EID: 84954444587     PISSN: 15559041     EISSN: 1555905X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2215/CJN.09430915     Document Type: Article

References (191)

1. Montecino-Rodriguez E, Dorshkind K: B-1 B cell development in the fetus and adult. Immunity 36: 13-21, 2012
2. Pillai S, Cariappa A: The follicular versus marginal zone B lymphocyte cell fate decision. Nat Rev Immunol 9: 767-777, 2009
3. Baumgarth N: The double life of a B-1 cell: Self-reactivity selects for protective effector functions. Nat Rev Immunol 11: 34-46, 2011
4. Cerutti A, Cols M, Puga I: Marginal zone B cells: Virtues of innate-like antibody-producing lymphocytes. Nat Rev Immunol 13: 118-132, 2013
5. Springer GF, Horton RE: Blood group isoantibody stimulation in man by feeding blood group-active bacteria. J Clin Invest 48: 1280-1291, 1969
6. Wuttke NJ, Macardle PJ, Zola H: Blood group antibodies are made by CD51 and by CD5- B cells. Immunol Cell Biol 75: 478-483, 1997
7. Gronwall C, Vas J, Silverman GJ: Protective roles of natural IgM antibodies. Front Immunol 3: 66, 2012
8. Suzuki K, Maruya M, Kawamoto S, Fagarasan S: Roles of B-1 and B-2 cells in innate and acquired IgA-mediated immunity. Immunol Rev 237: 180-190, 2010
9. Yuling H, Ruijing X, Xiang J, Yanping J, Lang C, Li L, Dingping Y, Xinti T, Jingyi L, Zhiqing T, Yongyi B, Bing X, Xinxing W, Youxin J, Fox DA, Lundy SK, Guohua D, Jinquan T: CD191CD51 B cells in primary IgA nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 19: 2130-2139, 2008
10. Griffin DO, Holodick NE, Rothstein TL: Human B1 cells in umbilical cord and adult peripheral blood express the novel phenotype CD201 CD271 CD431 CD70-. J Exp Med 208: 67-80, 2011
11. Tangye SG: To B1 or not to B1: That really is still the question! Blood 121: 5109-5110, 2013
12. Kruetzmann S, Rosado MM, Weber H, Germing U, Tournilhac O, Peter HH, Berner R, Peters A, Boehm T, Plebani A, Quinti I, Carsetti R: Human immunoglobulin M memory B cells controlling Streptococcus pneumoniae infections are generated in the spleen. J Exp Med 197: 939-945, 2003
13. Arnon TI, Horton RM, Grigorova IL, Cyster JG: Visualization of splenic marginal zone B-cell shuttling and follicular B-cell egress. Nature 493: 684-688, 2013
14. Griffin DO, Rothstein TL: A small CD11b(1) human B1 cell subpopulation stimulates T cells and is expanded in lupus. J Exp Med 208: 2591-2598, 2011
15. Murphy K: Janeway’s Immunobiolog y, London, New York, Garland Science, 2012
16. Avery DT, Bryant VL, Ma CS, de Waal Malefyt R, Tangye SG: IL-21-induced isotype switching to IgG and IgA by human naïve B cells is differentially regulated by IL-4. J Immunol 181: 1767-1779, 2008
17. Hmiel LK, Brorson KA, Boyne MT 2nd: Post-translational structural modifications of immunoglobulin G and their effect on biological activity. Anal Bioanal Chem 407: 79-94, 2015
18. Vidarsson G, Dekkers G, Rispens T: IgG subclasses and allotypes: From structure to effector functions. Front Immunol 5: 520, 2014
19. Lai KN: Pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy. Nat Rev Nephrol 8: 275-283, 2012
20. Ackerman ME, Crispin M, Yu X, Baruah K, Boesch AW, Harvey DJ, Dugast AS, Heizen EL, Ercan A, Choi I, Streeck H, Nigrovic PA, Bailey-Kellogg C, Scanlan C, Alter G: Natural variation in Fc glycosylation of HIV-specific antibodies impacts antiviral ac- tivity. J Clin Invest 123: 2183-2192, 2013
21. Kapur R, Kustiawan I, Vestrheim A, Koeleman CA, Visser R, Einarsdottir HK, Porcelijn L, Jackson D, Kumpel B, Deelder AM, Blank D, Skogen B, Killie MK, Michaelsen TE, de Haas M, Rispens T, van der Schoot CE, Wuhrer M, Vidarsson G: A prominent lack of IgG1-Fc fucosylation of platelet alloanti- bodies in pregnancy. Blood 123: 471-480, 2014
22. Kapur R, Einarsdottir HK, Vidarsson G: IgG-effector functions: “The good, the bad and the ugly.” Immunol Lett 160: 139-144, 2014
23. Schwab I, Nimmerjahn F: Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy: How does IgG modulate the immune system? Nat Rev Immunol 13: 176-189, 2013
24. Anthony RM, Wermeling F, Karlsson MC, Ravetch JV: Identification of a receptor required for the antiinflammatory activity of IVIG. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105: 19571-19578, 2008
25. Smith KG, Clatworthy MR: FcgammaRIIB in autoimmunity and infection: Evolutionary and therapeutic implications. Nat Rev Immunol 10: 328-343, 2010
26. Mackay M, Stanevsky A, Wang T, Aranow C, Li M, Koenig S, Ravetch JV, Diamond B: Selective dysregulation of the FcgammaIIB receptor on memory B cells in SLE. J Exp Med 203: 2157-2164, 2006
27. Cobaleda C, Schebesta A, Delogu A, Busslinger M: Pax5: The guardian of B cell identity and function. Nat Immunol 8: 463-470, 2007
28. Thomas MD, Srivastava B, Allman D: Regulation of peripheral B cell maturation. Cell Immunol 239: 92-102, 2006
29. Wardemann H, Yurasov S, Schaefer A, Young JW, Meffre E, Nussenzweig MC: Predominant autoantibody production by early human B cell precursors. Science 301: 1374-1377, 2003
30. Cambier JC, Gauld SB, Merrell KT, Vilen BJ: B-cell anergy: From transgenic models to naturally occurring anergic B cells? Nat Rev Immunol 7: 633-643, 2007
31. Meffre E, Wardemann H: B-cell tolerance checkpoints in health and autoimmunity. Curr Opin Immunol 20: 632-638, 2008
32. Rathmell JC, Townsend SE, Xu JC, Flavell RA, Goodnow CC: Expansion or elimination of B cells in vivo: Dual roles for CD40- and Fas (CD95)-ligands modulated by the B cell antigen receptor. Cell 87: 319-329, 1996
33. Hervé M, Isnardi I, Ng YS, Bussel JB, Ochs HD, Cunningham-Rundles C, Meffre E: CD40 ligand and MHC class II expression are essential for human peripheral B cell tolerance. J Exp Med 204: 1583-1593, 2007
34. Lenardo M, Chan KM, Hornung F, McFarland H, Siegel R, Wang J, Zheng L: Mature T lymphocyte apoptosis-immune regulation in a dynamic and unpredictable antigenic environment. Annu Rev Immunol 17: 221-253, 1999
35. Nutt SL, Hodgkin PD, Tarlinton DM, Corcoran LM: The generation of antibody-secreting plasma cells. Nat Rev Immunol 15: 160-171, 2015
36. Cerutti A, Cols M, Puga I: Activation of B cells by non-canonical helper signals. EMBO Rep 13: 798-810, 2012
37. Victora GD, Nussenzweig MC: Germinal centers. Annu Rev Immunol 30: 429-457, 2012
38. Cyster JG: Chemokines, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and cell migration in secondary lymphoid organs. Annu Rev Immunol 23: 127-159, 2005
39. Kerfoot SM, Yaari G, Patel JR, Johnson KL, Gonzalez DG, Kleinstein SH, Haberman AM: Germinal center B cell and T follicular helper cell development initiates in the interfollicular zone. Immunity 34: 947-960, 2011
40. Green JA, Cyster JG: S1PR2 links germinal center confinement and growth regulation. Immunol Rev 247: 36-51, 2012
41. Shlomchik MJ, Weisel F: Germinal center selection and the development of memory B and plasma cells. Immunol Rev 247: 52-63, 2012
42. Muramatsu M, Kinoshita K, Fagarasan S, Yamada S, Shinkai Y, Honjo T: Class switch recombination and hypermutation require activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), a potential RNA editing enzyme. Cell 102: 553-563, 2000
43. Papavasiliou FN, Schatz DG: Somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes: Merging mechanisms for genetic diversity. Cell 109[Suppl]: S35-S44, 2002
44. Chaudhuri J, Alt FW: Class-switch recombination: Interplay of transcription, DNA deamination and DNA repair. Nat Rev Immunol 4: 541-552, 2004
45. Allen CD, Ansel KM, Low C, Lesley R, Tamamura H, Fujii N, Cyster JG: Germinal center dark and light zone organization is mediated by CXCR4 and CXCR5. Nat Immunol 5: 943-952, 2004
46. Nutt SL, Tarlinton DM: Germinal center B and follicular helper T cells: Siblings, cousins or just good friends? Nat Immunol 12: 472-477, 2011
47. Kurosaki T, Kometani K, Ise W: Memory B cells. Nat Rev Immunol 15: 149-159, 2015
48. Ochiai K, Maienschein-Cline M, Simonetti G, Chen J, Rosenthal R, Brink R, Chong AS, Klein U, Dinner AR, Singh H, Sciammas R: Transcriptional regulation of germinal center B and plasma cell fates by dynamical control of IRF4. Immunity 38: 918-929, 2013
49. De Silva NS, Simonetti G, Heise N, Klein U: The diverse roles of IRF4 in late germinal center B-cell differentiation. Immunol Rev 247: 73-92, 2012
50. Angelin-Duclos C, Cattoretti G, Lin K-I, Calame K: Commitment of B lymphocytes to a plasma cell fate is associated with Blimp-1 expression in vivo. J Immunol 165: 5462-5471, 2000
51. Shapiro-Shelef M, Lin KI, Savitsky D, Liao J, Calame K: Blimp-1 is required for maintenance of long-lived plasma cells in the bone marrow. J Exp Med 202: 1471-1476, 2005
52. Todd DJ, McHeyzer-Williams LJ, Kowal C, Lee AH, Volpe BT, Diamond B, McHeyzer-Williams MG, Glimcher LH: XBP1 governs late events in plasma cell differentiation and is not required for antigen-specific memory B cell development. J Exp Med 206: 2151-2159, 2009
53. Pape KA, Taylor JJ, Maul RW, Gearhart PJ, Jenkins MK: Different B cell populations mediate early and late memory during an endogenous immune response. Science 331: 1203-1207, 2011
54. Dogan I, Bertocci B, Vilmont V, Delbos F, Mégret J, Storck S, Reynaud C-A, Weill J-C: Multiple layers of B cell memory with different effector functions. Nat Immunol 10: 1292-1299, 2009
55. Zuccarino-Catania GV, Sadanand S, Weisel FJ, Tomayko MM, Meng H, Kleinstein SH, Good-Jacobson KL, Shlomchik MJ:CD80 and PD-L2 define functionally distinct memory B cell subsets that are independent of antibody isotype. Nat Immunol 15: 631-637, 2014
56. McHeyzer-Williams LJ, Milpied PJ, Okitsu SL, McHeyzer-Williams MG: Class-switched memory B cellsremodel BCRs within secondary germinal centers. Nat Immunol 16: 296-305, 2015
57. Vincent FB, Saulep-Easton D, Figgett WA, Fairfax KA, Mackay F: The BAFF/APRIL system: emerging functions beyond B cell biology and autoimmunity. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 24: 203-215, 2013
58. Gorelik L, Gilbride K, Dobles M, Kalled SL, Zandman D, Scott ML: Normal B cell homeostasis requires B cell activation factor production by radiation-resistant cells. J Exp Med 198: 937-945, 2003
59. Rowland SL, Leahy KF, Halverson R, Torres RM, Pelanda R: BAFF receptor signaling aids the differentiation of immature B cells into transitional B cells following tonic BCR signaling. J Immunol 185: 4570-4581, 2010
60. Ginzler EM, Wax S, Rajeswaran A, Copt S, Hillson J, Ramos E, Singer NG: Atacicept in combination with MMF and corticosteroids in lupus nephritis: Results of a prematurely terminated trial. Arthritis Res Ther 14: R33, 2012
61. Avery DT, Kalled SL, Ellyard JI, Ambrose C, Bixler SA, Thien M, Brink R, Mackay F, Hodgkin PD, Tangye SG: BAFF selectively enhances the survival of plasmablasts generated from human memory B cells. J Clin Invest 112: 286-297, 2003
62. O’Connor BP, Raman VS, Erickson LD, Cook WJ, Weaver LK, Ahonen C, Lin LL, Mantchev GT, Bram RJ, Noelle RJ: BCMA is essential for the survival of long-lived bone marrow plasma cells. J Exp Med 199: 91-98, 2004
63. Holden NJ, Williams JM, Morgan MD, Challa A, Gordon J, Pepper RJ, Salama AD, Harper L, Savage CO: ANCA-stimulated neutrophils release BLyS and promote B cell survival: A clini- cally relevant cellular process. Ann Rheum Dis 70: 2229-2233, 2011
64. Dooley MA, Houssiau F, Aranow C, D’Cruz DP, Askanase A, Roth DA, Zhong ZJ, Cooper S, Freimuth WW, Ginzler EM; BLISS-52 and -76 Study Groups: Effect of belimumab treatment on renal outcomes: Results from the phase 3 belimumab clinical trials in patients with SLE. Lupus 22: 63-72, 2013
65. Vincent FB, Northcott M, Hoi A, Mackay F, Morand EF: Association of serum B cell activating factor from the tumour ne- crosis factor family (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) with central nervous system and renal disease in sys- temic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 22: 873-884, 2013
66. Chalasani G, Rothstein DM: Non-antibody mediated roles of B cells in allograft survival. Curr Transplant Rep 1: 155-165, 2014
67. Lund FE, Randall TD: Effector and regulatory B cells: Modulators of CD41 T cell immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 10: 236-247, 2010
68. Ngo VN, Cornall RJ, Cyster JG: Splenic T zone development is B cell dependent. J Exp Med 194: 1649-1660, 2001
69. Nolte MA, Arens R, Kraus M, van Oers MH, Kraal G, van Lier RA, Mebius RE: B cells are crucial for both development and maintenance of the splenic marginal zone. J Immunol 172: 3620-3627, 2004
70. Thaunat O, Graff-Dubois S, Brouard S, Gautreau C, Varthaman A, Fabien N, Field AC, Louedec L, Dai J, Joly E, Morelon E, Soulillou JP, Michel JB, Nicoletti A: Immune responses elicited in tertiary lymphoid tissues display distinctive features. PLoS One 5: e11398, 2010
71. Segerer S, Schlondorff D: B cells and tertiary lymphoid organs in renal inflammation. Kidney Int 73: 533-537, 2008
72. Fu YX, Huang G, Wang Y, Chaplin DD: B lymphocytes induce the formation of follicular dendritic cell clusters in a lymphotoxin alpha-dependent fashion. J Exp Med 187: 1009-1018, 1998
73. Lund FE, Hollifield M, Schuer K, Lines JL, Randall TD, Garvy BA: B cells are required for generation of protective effector and memory CD4 cells in response to Pneumocystis lung infection. J Immunol 176: 6147-6154, 2006
74. O’Neill SK, Cao Y, Hamel KM, Doodes PD, Hutas G, Finnegan A: Expression of CD80/86 on B cells is essential for autoreactive T cell activation and the development of arthritis. J Immunol 179: 5109-5116, 2007
75. Barr TA, Brown S, Mastroeni P, Gray D: TLR and B cell receptor signals to B cells differentially program primary and memory Th1 responses to Salmonella enterica. J Immunol 185: 2783-2789, 2010
76. Barr TA, Brown S, Ryan G, Zhao J, Gray D: TLR-mediated stimulation of APC: Distinct cytokine responses of B cells and dendritic cells. Eur J Immunol 37: 3040-3053, 2007
77. Attanavanich K, Kearney JF: Marginal zone, but not follicular B cells, are potent activators of naive CD4 T cells. J Immunol 172: 803-811, 2004
78. Crawford A, Macleod M, Schumacher T, Corlett L, Gray D: Primary T cell expansion and differentiation in vivo requires antigen presentation by B cells. J Immunol 176: 3498-3506, 2006
79. Shen H, Whitmire JK, Fan X, Shedlock DJ, Kaech SM, Ahmed R: A specific role for B cells in the generation of CD8 T cell memory by recombinant Listeria monocytogenes. J Immunol 170: 1443-1451, 2003
80. Noorchashm H, Reed AJ, Rostami SY, Mozaffari R, Zekavat G, Koeberlein B, Caton AJ, Naji A: B cell-mediated antigen presentation is required for the pathogenesis of acute cardiac allograft rejection. J Immunol 177: 7715-7722, 2006
81. Ng Y, Oberbarnscheidt M, Chandramoorthy H, Hoffman R, Chalasani G: B cells help alloreactive T cells differentiate into memory T cells. Am J Transplant 10: 1970-1980, 2010
82. Giles JR, Kashgarian M, Koni PA, Shlomchik MJ: B Cell-specific MHC class II deletion reveals multiple nonredundant roles for B Cell antigen presentation in murine lupus. J Immunol 195: 2571-2579, 2015
83. Harris DP, Haynes L, Sayles PC, Duso DK, Eaton SM, Lepak NM, Johnson LL, Swain SL, Lund FE: Reciprocal regulation of polarized cytokine production by effector B and T cells. Nat Immunol 1: 475-482, 2000
84. Wojciechowski W, Harris DP, Sprague F, Mousseau B, Makris M, Kusser K, Honjo T, Mohrs K, Mohrs M, Randall T, Lund FE: Cytokine-producing effector B cells regulate type 2 immunity to H. polygyrus. Immunity 30: 421-433, 2009
85. Bermejo DA, Jackson SW, Gorosito-Serran M, Acosta-Rodriguez EV, Amezcua-Vesely MC, Sather BD, Singh AK, Khim S, Mucci J, Liggitt D, Campetella O, Oukka M, Gruppi A, Rawlings DJ: Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase initiates a program independent of the transcription factors RORgt and Ahr that leads to IL-17 production by activated B cells. Nat Immunol 14: 514-522, 2013
86. Haas C, Ryffel B, Le Hir M: IFN-gamma is essential for the development of autoimmune glomerulonephritis in MRL/Ipr mice. J Immunol 158: 5484-5491, 1997
87. Ring GH, Saleem S, Dai Z, Hassan AT, Konieczny BT, Baddoura FK, Lakkis FG: Interferon-gamma is necessary for initiatingthe acute rejection of major histocompatibiliy complex class II-disparate skin allografts. T ransplantation 67: 1362-1365, 1999
88. Ishii D, Schenk AD, Baba S, Fairchild RL: Role of TNFalpha in early chemokine production and leukocyte infiltration into heart allografts. Am J Transplant 10: 59-68, 2010
89. Noronha IL, Kruger C, Andrassy K, Ritz E, Waldherr R: In situ production of TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-2R in ANCA-positive glomerulonephritis. Kidney Int 43: 682-692, 1993
90. Cua DJ, Tato CM: Innate IL-17-producing cells: The sentinels of the immune system. Nat Rev Immunol 10: 479-489, 2010
91. Mauri C, Ehrenstein MR: The ‘short’ history of regulatory B cells. Trends Immunol 29: 34-40, 2008
92. Bouaziz JD, Yanaba K, Tedder TF: Regulatory B cells as inhibitors of immune responses and inflammation. Immunol Rev 224: 201-214, 2008
93. Stolp J, Turka LA, Wood KJ: B cells with immune-regulating function in transplantation. Nat Rev Nephrol 10: 389-397, 2014
94. DiLillo DJ, Griffiths R, Seshan SV, Magro CM, Ruiz P, Coffman TM, Tedder TF: B lymphocytes differentially influence acute and chronic allograft rejection in mice. J Immunol 186: 2643-2654, 2011
95. Matsushita T, Yanaba K, Bouaziz J-D, Fujimoto M, Tedder TF: Regulatory B cells inhibit EAE initiation in mice while other B cells promote disease progression. J Clin Invest 118: 3420-3430, 2008
96. Ding Q, Yeung M, Camirand G, Zeng Q, Akiba H, Yagita H, Chalasani G, Sayegh MH, Najafian N, Rothstein DM: Regulatory B cells are identified by expression of TIM-1 and can be induced through TIM-1 ligation to promote tolerance in mice. J Clin Invest 121: 3645-3656, 2011
97. Shen P, Roch T, Lampropoulou V, O’Connor RA, Stervbo U, Hilgenberg E, Ries S, Dang VD, Jaimes Y, Daridon C, Li R, Jouneau L, Boudinot P, Wilantri S, Sakwa I, Miyazaki Y, Leech MD, McPherson RC, Wirtz S, Neurath M, Hoehlig K, Meinl E, Grutzkau A, Grun JR, Horn K, Kuhl AA, Dorner T, Bar-Or A, Kaufmann SH, Anderton SM, Fillatreau S: IL-35-producing B cells are critical regulators of immunity during autoimmune and infectious diseases. Nature 507: 366-370, 2014
98. Neves P, Lampropoulou V, Calderon-Gomez E, Roch T, Stervbo U, Shen P, Kuhl AA, Loddenkemper C, Haury M, Nedospasov SA, Kaufmann SH, Steinhoff U, Calado DP, Fillatreau S: Sig- naling via the MyD88 adaptor protein in B cells suppresses protective immunity during Salmonella typhimurium infection. Immunity 33: 777-790, 2010
99. Weber M, Stein P, Prufer S, Rudolph B, Kreft A, Schmitt E, Bopp T, Roers A, Schild H, Fillatreau S, Radsak MP: Donor and host B cell-derived IL-10 contributes to suppression of graft-versus- host disease. Eur J Immunol 44: 1857-1865, 2014
100. Moulin V, Andris F, Thielemans K, Maliszewski C, Urbain J, Moser M: B lymphocytes regulate dendritic cell (DC) function in vivo: Increased interleukin 12 production by DCs from B cell- deficient mice results in T helper cell type 1 deviation. J Exp Med 192: 475-482, 2000
101. Morva A, Lemoine S, Achour A, Pers JO, Youinou P, Jamin C: Maturation and function of human dendritic cells are regulated by B lymphocytes. Blood 119: 106-114, 2012
102. Blair PA, Norena LY, Flores-Borja F, Rawlings DJ, Isenberg DA, Ehrenstein MR, Mauri C: CD19(1)CD24(hi)CD38(hi) B cells exhibit regulatory capacity in healthy individuals but are functionally impaired in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Immunity 32: 129-140, 2010
103. Iwata Y, Matsushita T, Horikawa M, Dilillo DJ, Yanaba K, Venturi GM, Szabolcs PM, Bernstein SH, Magro CM, Williams AD, Hall RP, St Clair EW, Tedder TF: Characterization of a rare IL-10-competent B-cell subset in humans that parallels mouse regulatory B10 cells. Blood 117: 530-541, 2011
104. Cherukuri A, Rothstein DM, Clark B, Carter CR, Davison A, Hernandez-Fuentes M, Hewitt E, Salama AD, Baker RJ: Immunologic human renal allograft injury associates with an altered IL-10/TNF-a expression ratio in regulatory B cells. J Am Soc Nephrol 25: 1575-1585, 2014
105. Todd SK, Pepper RJ, Draibe J, Tanna A, Pusey CD, Mauri C, Salama AD: Regulatory B cells are numerically but not functionally deficient in anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody-associated vasculitis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 53: 1693-1703, 2014
106. Wilde B, Thewissen M, Damoiseaux J, Knippenberg S, Hilhorst M, van Paassen P, Witzke O, Cohen Tervaert JW: Regulatory B cells in ANCA-associated vasculitis. Ann Rheum Dis 72: 1416-1419, 2013
107. Bunch DO, McGregor JG, Khandoobhai NB, Aybar LT, Burkart ME, Hu Y, Hogan SL, Poulton CJ, Berg EA, Falk RJ, Nachman PH: Decreased CD5⁺ B cells in active ANCA vasculitis and relapse after rituximab. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 8: 382-391, 2013
108. Clatworthy MR, Watson CJ, Plotnek G, Bardsley V, Chaudhry AN, Bradley JA, Smith KG: B-cell-depleting induction therapy and acute cellular rejection. N Engl J Med 360: 2683-2685, 2009
109. Gregersen JW, Jayne DR: B-cell depletion in the treatment of lupus nephritis. Nat Rev Nephrol 8: 505-514, 2012
110. Yang M, Sun L, Wang S, Ko KH, Xu H, Zheng BJ, Cao X, Lu L: Novel function of B cell-activating factor in the induction of IL-10- producing regulatory B cells. J Immunol 184: 3321-3325, 2010
111. Saulep-Easton D, Vincent FB, Quah PS, Wei A, Ting SB, Croce CM, Tam C, Mackay F: The BAFF receptor TACI controls IL-10 production by regulatory B cells and CLL B cells [published online ahead of print July 3, 2015]. Leukemia doi: 10.1038/leu.2015.174
112. Kissmeyer-Nielsen F, Olsen S, Petersen VP, Fjeldborg O: Hyperacute rejection of kidney allografts, associated with pre-existing humoral antibodies against donor cells. Lancet 2: 662-665, 1966
113. West LJ, Pollock-Barziv SM, Dipchand AI, Lee KJ, Cardella CJ, Benson LN, Rebeyka IM, Coles JG: ABO-incompatible heart transplantation in infants. N Engl J Med 344: 793-800, 2001
114. Fan X, Ang A, Pollock-Barziv SM, Dipchand AI, Ruiz P, Wilson G, Platt JL, West LJ: Donor-specific B-cell tolerance after ABO-incompatible infant heart transplantation. Nat Med 10: 1227-1233, 2004
115. Mengel M, Sis B, Haas M, Colvin RB, Halloran PF, Racusen LC, Solez K, Cendales L, Demetris AJ, Drachenberg CB, Farver CF, Rodriguez ER, Wallace WD, Glotz D: Banff 2011 Meeting report: New concepts in antibody-mediated rejection. Am J Transplant 12: 563-570, 2012
116. Smith RN, Colvin RB: Chronic alloantibody mediated rejection. Semin Immunol 24: 115-121, 2012
117. Porcheray F, DeVito J, Yeap BY, Xue L, Dargon I, Paine R, Girouard TC, Saidman SL, Colvin RB, Wong W, Zorn E: Chronic humoral rejection of human kidney allografts associates with broad autoantibody responses. Transplantation 89: 1239-1246, 2010
118. Dinavahi R, George A, Tretin A, Akalin E, Ames S, Bromberg JS, Deboccardo G, Dipaola N, Lerner SM, Mehrotra A, Murphy BT, Nadasdy T, Paz-Artal E, Salomon DR, Schroppel B, Sehgal V, Sachidanandam R, Heeger PS: Antibodies reactive to non-HLA antigens in transplant glomerulopathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 22: 1168-1178, 2011
119. Dragun D, Muller DN, Brasen JH, Fritsche L, Nieminen-Kelha M, Dechend R, Kintscher U, Rudolph B, Hoebeke J, Eckert D, Mazak I, Plehm R, Schonemann C, Unger T, Budde K, Neumayer HH, Luft FC, Wallukat G: Angiotensin II type 1-receptor activating antibodies in renal-allograft rejection. N Engl J Med 352: 558-569, 2005
120. Mauiyyedi S, Pelle PD, Saidman S, Collins AB, Pascual M, Tolkoff-Rubin NE, Williams WW, Cosimi AA, Schneeberger EE, Colvin RB: Chronic humoral rejection: Identification of antibody- mediated chronic renal allograft rejection by C4d deposits in peritubular capillaries. J Am Soc Nephrol 12: 574-582, 2001
121. Nath DS, Angaswamy N, Basha HI, Phelan D, Moazami N, Ewald GA, Mohanakumar T: Donor-specific antibodies to hu- man leukocyte antigens are associated with and precede anti- bodies to major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A in antibody-mediated rejection and cardiac allograft vasculopathy after human cardiac transplantation. Hum Im- munol 71: 1191-1196, 2010
122. Sis B, Campbell PM, Mueller T, Hunter C, Cockfield SM, Cruz J, Meng C, Wishart D, Solez K, Halloran PF: Transplant glomerulopathy, late antibody-mediated rejection and the ABCD tet- rad in kidney allograft biopsies for cause. Am J Transplant 7: 1743-1752, 2007
123. Loupy A, Hill GS, Jordan SC: The impact of donor-specific anti- HLA antibodies on late kidney allograft failure. Nat Rev Nephrol 8: 348-357, 2012
124. Loupy A, Lefaucheur C, Vernerey D, Prugger C, Duong van Huyen JP, Mooney N, Suberbielle C, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Méjean A, Desgrandchamps F, Anglicheau D, Nochy D, Charron D, Empana JP, Delahousse M, Legendre C, Glotz D, Hill GS, Zeevi A, Jouven X: Complement-binding anti-HLA antibodies and kidney-allograft survival. N Engl J Med 369: 1215-1226, 2013
125. Tydén G, Mjornstedt L, Ekberg H: More on B-cell-depleting induction therapy and acute cellular rejection. N Engl J Med 361: 1214-1215, author reply 1215-1216, 2009
126. Loupy A, Suberbielle-Boissel C, Zuber J, Anglicheau D, Timsit MO, Martinez F, Thervet E, Bruneval P, Charron D, Hill GS, Nochy D, Legendre C: Combined posttransplant prophylactic IVIg/anti-CD 20/plasmapheresis in kidney recipients with pre- formed donor-specific antibodies: a pilot study. Transplantation 89: 1403-1410, 2010
127. Barnett AN, Hadjianastassiou VG, Mamode N: Rituximab in renal transplantation. Transpl Int 26: 563-575, 2013
128. Allen JL, Fore MS, Wooten J, Roehrs PA, Bhuiya NS, Hoffert T, Sharf A, Deal AM, Armistead P, Coghill J, Gabriel DA, Irons R, Essenmacher A, Shea TC, Richards K, Cutler C, Ritz J, Serody J, Baldwin AS, Sarantopoulos S: B cells from patients with chronic GVHD are activated and primed for survival via BAFF-mediated pathways. Blood 120: 2529-2536, 2012
129. Bloom D, Chang Z, Pauly K, Kwun J, Fechner J, Hayes C, Samaniego M, Knechtle S: BAFF is increased in renal transplant patients following treatment with alemtuzumab. Am J Transplant 9: 1835-1845, 2009
130. Carter LM, Isenberg DA, Ehrenstein MR: Elevated serum BAFF levels are associated with rising anti-double-stranded DNA antibody levels and disease flare following B cell depletion therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 65: 2672-2679, 2013
131. Thibault-Espitia A, Foucher Y, Danger R, Migone T, Pallier A, Castagnet S, G-Gueguen C, Devys A, C-Gautier A, Giral M, Soulillou JP, Brouard S: BAFF and BAFF-R levels are associated with risk of long-term kidney graft dysfunction and develop- ment of donor-specific antibodies. Am J Transplant 12: 2754-2762, 2012
132. Raghavan R, Jeroudi A, Achkar K, Gaber AO, Patel SJ, Abdellatif A: Bortezomib in kidney transplantation. J Transplant 2010: 698-594, 2010
133. Zeng Q, Ng YH, Singh T, Jiang K, Sheriff KA, Ippolito R, Zahalka S, Li Q, Randhawa P, Hoffman RA, Ramaswami B, Lund FE, Chalasani G: B cells mediate chronic allograft rejection in- dependently of antibody production. J Clin Invest 124: 1052-1056, 2014
134. Deteix C, Attuil-Audenis V, Duthey A, Patey N, McGregor B, Dubois V, Caligiuri G, Graff-Dubois S, Morelon E, Thaunat O: Intragraft Th17 infiltrate promotes lymphoid neogenesis and hastens clinical chronic rejection. J Immunol 184: 5344-5351, 2010
135. Thaunat O, Field AC, Dai J, Louedec L, Patey N, Bloch MF, Mandet C, Belair MF, Bruneval P, Meilhac O, Bellon B, Joly E, Michel JB, Nicoletti A: Lymphoid neogenesis in chronic rejection: Evidence for a local humoral alloimmune response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102: 14723-14728, 2005
136. Sarwal M, Chua MS, Kambham N, Hsieh SC, Satterwhite T, Masek M, Salvatierra O Jr: Molecular heterogeneity in acute renal allograft rejection identified by DNA microarray profiling. N Engl J Med 349: 125-138, 2003
137. Zarkhin V, Kambham N, Li L, Kwok S, Hsieh SC, Salvatierra O, Sarwal MM: Characterization of intra-graft B cells during renal allograft rejection. Kidney Int 74: 664-673, 2008
138. Sagoo P, Perucha E, Sawitzki B, Tomiuk S, Stephens DA, Miqueu P, Chapman S, Craciun L, Sergeant R, Brouard S, Rovis F, Jimenez E, Ballow A, Giral M, Rebollo-Mesa I, Le Moine A, Braudeau C, Hilton R, Gerstmayer B, Bourcier K, Sharif A, Krajewska M, Lord GM, Roberts I, Goldman M, Wood KJ, Newell K, Seyfert-Margolis V, Warrens AN, Janssen U, Volk HD, Soulillou JP, Hernandez-Fuentes MP, Lechler RI: Development of a cross-platform biomarker signature to detect renal transplant tolerance in humans. J Clin Invest 120: 1848-1861, 2010
139. Newell KA, Asare A, Kirk AD, Gisler TD, Bourcier K, Suthanthiran M, Burlingham WJ, Marks WH, Sanz I, Lechler RI, Hernandez-Fuentes MP, Turka LA, Seyfert-Margolis VL; Immune Tolerance Network ST507 Study Group: Identification of a B cell signature associated with renal transplant tolerance in humans. J Clin Invest 120: 1836-1847, 2010
140. Brouard S, Puig-Pey I, Lozano JJ, Pallier A, Braud C, Giral M, Guillet M, Londono MC, Oppenheimer F, Campistol JM, Soulillou JP, Sanchez-Fueyo A: Comparative transcriptional and phenotypic peripheral blood analysis of kidney recipients under cyclosporin a or sirolimus monotherapy. Am J Transplant 10: 2604-2614, 2010
141. Chesneau M, Pallier A, Braza F, Lacombe G, Le Gallou S, Baron D, Giral M, Danger R, Guerif P, Aubert-Wastiaux H, Neel A, Michel L, Laplaud DA, Degauque N, Soulillou JP, Tarte K, Brouard S: Unique B cell differentiation profile in tolerant kidney transplant patients. Am J Transplant 14: 144-155, 2014
142. Chesneau M, Michel L, Dugast E, Chenouard A, Baron D, Pallier A, Durand J, Braza F, Guerif P, Laplaud DA, Soulillou JP, Giral M, Degauque N, Chiffoleau E, Brouard S: Tolerant kidney trans- plant patients produce B cells with regulatory properties. J Am Soc Nephrol 26: 2588-2598, 2015
143. Cappione A 3rd, Anolik JH, Pugh-Bernard A, Barnard J, Dutcher P, Silverman G, Sanz I: Germinal center exclusion of autoreactive B cells is defective in human systemic lupus eryth- ematosus. J Clin Invest 115: 3205-3216, 2005
144. Jacobi AM, Reiter K, Mackay M, Aranow C, Hiepe F, Radbruch A, Hansen A, Burmester GR, Diamond B, Lipsky PE, Dorner T: Activated memory B cell subsets correlate with disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus: Delineation by expression of CD27, IgD, and CD95. Arthritis Rheum 58: 1762-1773, 2008
145. Yurasov S, Wardemann H, Hammersen J, Tsuiji M, Meffre E, Pascual V, Nussenzweig MC: Defective B cell tolerance checkpoints in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Exp Med 201: 703-711, 2005
146. Lamagna C, Hu Y, DeFranco AL, Lowell CA: B cell-specific loss of Lyn kinase leads to autoimmunity. J Immunol 192: 919-928, 2014
147. Liossis SN, Kovacs B, Dennis G, Kammer GM, Tsokos GC: B cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus display abnormal antigen receptor-mediated early signal transduction events. J Clin Invest 98: 2549-2557, 1996
148. Odendahl M, Jacobi A, Hansen A, Feist E, Hiepe F, Burmester GR, Lipsky PE, Radbruch A, Dorner T: Disturbed peripheral B lymphocyte homeostasis in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Immunol 165: 5970-5979, 2000
149. Chan OT, Hannum LG, Haberman AM, Madaio MP, Shlomchik MJ: A novel mouse with B cells but lacking serum antibody reveals an antibody-independent role for B cells in murine lu- pus. J Exp Med 189: 1639-1648, 1999
150. Chan OTM, Shlomchik MJ: Cutting edge: B cells promote CD81 T cell activation in MRL-Fas(lpr) mice independently of MHC class I antigen presentation. J Immunol 164: 1658-1662, 2000
151. Chang A, Henderson SG, Brandt D, Liu N, Guttikonda R, Hsieh C, Kaverina N, Utset TO, Meehan SM, Quigg RJ, Meffre E, Clark MR: In situ B cell-mediated immune responses and tubu- lointerstitial inflammation in human lupus nephritis. J Immunol 186: 1849-1860, 2011
152. Heller F, Lindenmeyer MT, Cohen CD, Brandt U, Draganovici D, Fischereder M, Kretzler M, Anders HJ, Sitter T, Mosberger I Kerjaschki D, Regele H, Schlondorff D, Segerer S: The contri- bution of B cells to renal interstitial inflammation. Am J Pathol 170: 457-468, 2007
153. Liarski VM, Kaverina N, Chang A, Brandt D, Yanez D, Talasnik L, Carlesso G, Herbst R, Utset TO, Labno C, Peng Y, Jiang Y, Giger ML, Clark MR: Cell distance mapping identifies functional T follicular helper cells in inflamed human renal tissue. Sci Transl Med 6: 230ra46, 2014
154. Espeli M, Bokers S, Giannico G, Dickinson HA, Bardsley V, Fogo AB, Smith KG: Local renal autoantibody production in lupus nephritis. J Am Soc Nephrol 22: 296-305, 2011
155. Neusser MA, Lindenmeyer MT, Edenhofer I, Gaiser S, Kretzler M, Regele H, Segerer S, Cohen CD: Intrarenal production of B-cell survival factors in human lupus nephritis. Mod Pathol 24: 98-107, 2011
156. Rovin BH, Furie R, Latinis K, Looney RJ, Fervenza FC, Sanchez- Guerrero J, Maciuca R, Zhang D, Garg JP, Brunetta P, Appel G; LUNAR Investigator Group: Efficacy and safety of rituximab in patients with active proliferative lupus nephritis: The Lupus Nephritis Assessment with Rituximab study. Arthritis Rheum 64: 1215-1226, 2012
157. Mysler EF, Spindler AJ, Guzman R, Bijl M, Jayne D, Furie RA, Houssiau FA, Drappa J, Close D, Maciuca R, Rao K, Shahdad S, Brunetta P: Efficacy and safety of ocrelizumab in active proliferative lupus nephritis: Results from a randomized, double-blind, phase III study. Arthritis Rheum 65: 2368- 2379, 2013
158. Comte D, Karampetsou MP, Tsokos GC: T cells as a therapeutic target in SLE. Lupus 24: 351-363, 2015
159. Vital EM, Dass S, Buch MH, Henshaw K, Pease CT, Martin MF, Ponchel F, Rawstron AC, Emery P: B cell biomarkers of rituximab responses in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 63: 3038-3047, 2011
160. Anolik JH, Barnard J, Owen T, Zheng B, Kemshetti S, Looney RJ, Sanz I: Delayed memory B cell recovery in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissue in systemic lupus erythematosus after B cell depletion therapy. Arthritis Rheum 56: 3044-3056, 2007
161. Anolik JH, Barnard J, Cappione A, Pugh-Bernard AE, Felgar RE, Looney RJ, Sanz I: Rituximab improves peripheral B cell abnormalities in human systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 50: 3580-3590, 2004
162. Albert D, Dunham J, Khan S, Stansberry J, Kolasinski S, Tsai D, Pullman-Mooar S, Barnack F, Striebich C, Looney RJ, Prak ET, Kimberly R, Zhang Y, Eisenberg R: Variability in the biological response to anti-CD20 B cell depletion in systemic lupus erythaematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 67: 1724-1731, 2008
163. Manzi S, Sánchez-Guerrero J, Merrill JT, Furie R, Gladman D, Navarra SV, Ginzler EM, D’Cruz DP, Doria A, Cooper S, Zhong ZJ, Hough D, Freimuth W, Petri MA; BLISS-52 and BLISS-76 Study Groups: Effects of belimumab, a B lymphocyte stimulator- specific inhibitor, on disease activity across multiple organ do- mains in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Combined results from two phase III trials. Ann Rheum Dis 71: 1833-1838, 2012
164. van Vollenhoven RF, Petri MA, Cervera R, Roth DA, Ji BN, Kleoudis CS, Zhong ZJ, Freimuth W: Belimumab in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: High disease activity predictors of response. Ann Rheum Dis 71 1343-1349, 2012
165. Chatham WW, Wallace DJ, Stohl W, Latinis KM, Manzi S, McCune WJ, Tegzová D, McKay JD, Avila-Armengol HE, Utset TO, Zhong ZJ, Hough DR, Freimuth WW, Migone TS; BLISS-76 Study Group: Effect of belimumab on vaccine antigen antibodies to influenza, pneumococcal, and tetanus vaccines in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in the BLISS-76 trial. J Rheumatol 39: 1632-1640, 2012
166. Parsons RF, Yu M, Vivek K, Zekavat G, Rostami SY, Ziaie AS, Luo Y, Koeberlein B, Redfield RR, Ward CD, Migone T-S, Cancro MP, Naji A, Noorchashm H: Murine islet allograft tolerance upon blockade of the B-lymphocyte stimulator, BLyS/BAFF. Transplantation 93: 676-685, 2012
167. Liossis SN, Melissaropoulos K: Molecular abnormalities of the B cell in systemic lupus erythematosus are candidates for functional inhibition treatments. Expert Opin Pharmacother 15: 833-840, 2014
168. Booth AD, Almond MK, Burns A, Ellis P, Gaskin G, Neild GH, Plaisance M, Pusey CD, Jayne DR; Pan-Thames Renal Research Group: Outcome of ANCA-associated renal vasculi- tis: a 5-year retrospective study. Am J Kidney Dis 41: 776-784, 2003
169. Xiao H, Heeringa P, Hu P, Liu Z, Zhao M, Aratani Y, Maeda N, Falk RJ, Jennette JC: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies specific for myeloperoxidase cause glomerulonephritis and vasculitis in mice. J Clin Invest 110: 955-963, 2002
170. Steinmetz OM, Velden J, Kneissler U, Marx M, Klein A, Helmchen U, Stahl RA, Panzer U: Analysis and classification of B-cell infiltrates in lupus and ANCA-associated nephritis. Kidney Int 74: 448-457, 2008
171. Lepse N, Abdulahad WH, Rutgers A, Kallenberg CG, Stegeman CA, Heeringa P: Altered B cell balance, but unaffected B cell capacity to limit monocyte activation in anti-neutrophil cyto- plasmic antibody-associated vasculitis in remission. Rheumatology (Oxford) 53: 1683-1692, 2014
172. Specks U, Merkel PA, Seo P, Spiera R, Langford CA, Hoffman GS, Kallenberg CG, St Clair EW, Fessler BJ, Ding L, Viviano L, Tchao NK, Phippard DJ, Asare AL, Lim N, Ikle D, Jepson B, Brunetta P, Allen NB, Fervenza FC, Geetha D, Keogh K, Kissin EY, Monach PA, Peikert T, Stegeman C, Ytterberg SR, Mueller M, Sejismundo LP, Mieras K, Stone JH; RAVE-ITN Research Group: Efficacy of remission-induction regimens for ANCA-associated vasculitis. N Engl J Med 369: 417-427, 2013
173. Tanna A, Tam FW, Pusey CD: B-cell-targeted therapy in adult glomerulonephritis. Expert Opin Biol Ther 13: 1691-1706, 2013
174. Nagai M, Hirayama K, Ebihara I, Shimohata H, Kobayashi M, Koyama A: Serum levels of BAFF and APRIL in myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated renal vasculitis: association with disease activity. Nephron Clin Pract 118: c339-c345, 2011
175. Krumbholz M, Specks U, Wick M, Kalled SL, Jenne D, Meinl E: BAFF is elevated in serum of patients with Wegener’s granulomatosis. J Autoimmun 25: 298-302, 2005
176. El-Husseini A, Ahmed A, Sabucedo A, Fabulo E: Refractory Henoch-Schonlein purpura: atypical aetiology and management. J Ren Care 39: 77-81, 2013
177. Donnithorne KJ, Atkinson TP, Hinze CH, Nogueira JB, Saeed SA, Askenazi DJ, Beukelman T, Cron RQ: Rituximab therapy for severe refractory chronic Henoch-Schonlein purpura. J Pediatr 155: 136-139, 2009
178. Pillebout E, Rocha F, Fardet L, Rybojad M, Verine J, Glotz D: Successful outcome using rituximab as the only immunomodulation in Henoch-Schonlein purpura: Case report. Nephrol Dial Transplant 26: 2044-2046, 2011
179. Terrier B, Nagata S, Ise T, Rosenzwajg M, Pastan I, Klatzmann D, Saadoun D, Cacoub P: CD21(-/low) marginal zone B cells highly express Fc receptor-like 5 protein and are killed by anti- Fc receptor-like 5 immunotoxins in hepatitis C virus-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia vasculitis. Arthritis Rheumatol 66: 433-443, 2014
180. Russi S, Dammacco F, Sansonno S, Pavone F, Sansonno D: Activation-induced cytidine deaminase in B cells of hepatits C virus-related cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis. Clin Exp Immunol 182: 323-331, 2015
181. Terrier B, Krastinova E, Marie I, Launay D, Lacraz A, Belenotti P, de Saint-Martin L, Quemeneur T, Huart A, Bonnet F, Le Guenno G, Kahn JE, Hinschberger O, Rullier P, Diot E, Lazaro E, Bridoux F, Zénone T, Carrat F, Hermine O, Léger JM, Mariette X, Senet P, Plaisier E, Cacoub P: Management of noninfectious mixed cryoglobulinemia vasculitis: Data from 242 cases included in the CryoVas survey. Blood 119: 5996-6004, 2012
182. De Vita S, Quartuccio L, Isola M, Mazzaro C, Scaini P, Lenzi M, Campanini M, Naclerio C, Tavoni A, Pietrogrande M, Ferri C, Mascia MT, Masolini P, Zabotti A, Maset M, Roccatello D, Zignego AL, Pioltelli P, Gabrielli A, Filippini D, Perrella O, Migliaresi S, Galli M, Bombardieri S, Monti G: A randomized controlled trial of rituximab for the treatment of severe cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. Arthritis Rheum 64: 843-853, 2012
183. Cohen CD, Calvaresi N, Armelloni S, Schmid H, Henger A, Ott U, Rastaldi MP, Kretzler M: CD20-positive infiltrates in human membranous glomerulonephritis. J Nephrol 18: 328- 333, 2005
184. Beck LH Jr, Bonegio RG, Lambeau G, Beck DM, Powell DW, Cummins TD, Klein JB, Salant DJ: M-type phospholipase A2 receptor as target antigen in idiopathic membranous nephrop- athy. N Engl J Med 361: 11-21, 2009
185. Beck LH Jr, Fervenza FC, Beck DM, Bonegio RG, Malik FA, Erickson SB, Cosio FG, Cattran DC, Salant DJ: Rituximab-induced depletion of anti-PLA2R autoantibodies predicts response in membranous nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 22: 1543-1550, 2011
186. Ruggenenti P, Cravedi P, Chianca A, Perna A, Ruggiero B, Gaspari F, Rambaldi A, Marasà M, Remuzzi G: Rituximab in idiopathic membranous nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 23: 1416-1425, 2012
187. Fervenza FC, Canetta PA, Barbour SJ, Lafayette RA, Rovin BH, Aslam N, Hladunewich MA, Irazabal MV, Sethi S, Gipson DS, Reich HN, Brenchley P, Kretzler M, Radhakrishnan J, Hebert LA, Gipson PE, Thomas LF, McCarthy ET, Appel GB, Jefferson JA, Eirin A, Lieske JC, Hogan MC, Greene EL, Dillon JJ, Leung N, Sedor JR, Rizk DV, Blumenthal SS, Lasic LB, Juncos LA, Green DF, Simon J, Sussman AN, Philibert D, Cattran DC; Mentor Consortium group: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Rituximab versus Cyclosporine in the Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy (MENTOR). Nephron 130: 159-168, 2015
188. Burne-Taney MJ, Ascon DB, Daniels F, Racusen L, Baldwin W, Rabb H: B cell deficiency confers protection from renal ische- mia reperfusion injury. J Immunol 171: 3210-3215, 2003
189. Jang HR, Gandolfo MT, Ko GJ, Satpute SR, Racusen L, Rabb H: B cells limit repair after ischemic acute kidney injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 21: 654-665, 2010
190. Renner B, Strassheim D, Amura CR, Kulik L, Ljubanovic D, Glogowska MJ, Takahashi K, Carroll MC, Holers VM, Thurman JM: B cell subsets contribute to renal injury and renal protection after ischemia/reperfusion. J Immunol 185: 4393-4400, 2010
191. Lobo PI, Bajwa A, Schlegel KH, Vengal J, Lee SJ, Huang L, Ye H, Deshmukh U, Wang T, Pei H, Okusa MD: Natural IgM anti-leukocyte autoantibodies attenuate excess in- flammation mediated by innate and adaptive immune mechanisms involving Th-17. J Immunol 188: 1675-1685, 2012