메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 212, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 111-127

5α-Reduced glucocorticoids: A story of natural selection

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; GLUCOCORTICOID; GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; INTERLEUKIN 6; REDUCED NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE; STEROID; STEROID 5ALPHA REDUCTASE 1; STEROID 5ALPHA REDUCTASE 2; STEROID 5ALPHA REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; STEROID 5BETA REDUCTASE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AP 1; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

EID: 84856973203     PISSN: 00220795     EISSN: 14796805     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1530/JOE-11-0318     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (47)

References (230)
  • 2
    • 0019965698 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of testosterone by GR mouse mammary tumours
    • Abulhajj YJ & Klang DT 1982 Metabolism of testosterone by GR mouse mammary tumours. Cancer Research 42 3510-3513.
    • (1982) Cancer Research , vol.42 , pp. 3510-3513
    • Abulhajj, Y.J.1    Klang, D.T.2
  • 3
    • 33749235692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of brain neurons that express enzymes mediating neurosteroid biosynthesis
    • Agis-Balboa RC, Pinna G, Zhubi A, Maloku E, Veldic M, Costa E & Guidotti A 2006 Characterization of brain neurons that express enzymes mediating neurosteroid biosynthesis. PNAS 103 14602-14607.
    • (2006) PNAS , vol.103 , pp. 14602-14607
    • Agis-Balboa, R.C.1    Pinna, G.2    Zhubi, A.3    Maloku, E.4    Veldic, M.5    Costa, E.6    Guidotti, A.7
  • 4
    • 36749048035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Down-regulation of neurosteroid biosynthesis in corticolimbic circuits mediates social isolation-induced behavior in mice
    • Agis-Balboa RC, Pinna G, Pibiri F, Kadriu B, Costa E & Guidotti A 2007 Down-regulation of neurosteroid biosynthesis in corticolimbic circuits mediates social isolation-induced behavior in mice. PNAS 104 18736-18741.
    • (2007) PNAS , vol.104 , pp. 18736-18741
    • Agis-Balboa, R.C.1    Pinna, G.2    Pibiri, F.3    Kadriu, B.4    Costa, E.5    Guidotti, A.6
  • 6
    • 0025303307 scopus 로고
    • Structural and biochemical properties of cloned and expressed human and rat steroid 5α-reductases
    • Andersson S & Russell DW 1990 Structural and biochemical properties of cloned and expressed human and rat steroid 5α-reductases. PNAS 87 3640-3644.
    • (1990) PNAS , vol.87 , pp. 3640-3644
    • Andersson, S.1    Russell, D.W.2
  • 7
    • 0026055914 scopus 로고
    • Deletion of steroid 5alpha-reductase 2 gene in male pseudohermaphroditism
    • Andersson S, Berman DM, Jenkins EP & Russell DW 1991 Deletion of steroid 5alpha-reductase 2 gene in male pseudohermaphroditism. Nature 354 159-161.
    • (1991) Nature , vol.354 , pp. 159-161
    • Andersson, S.1    Berman, D.M.2    Jenkins, E.P.3    Russell, D.W.4
  • 8
    • 85009805623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid metabolism: regulation of tissue specific responses in obesity
    • Eds Ling & Peter R. Hauppauge, NY: Nova Publisher
    • Andrew R & Walker BR 2005 Glucocorticoid metabolism: regulation of tissue specific responses in obesity. In Trends in Obesity Research, pp 85-119. Eds Ling & Peter R. Hauppauge, NY: Nova Publisher.
    • (2005) Trends in Obesity Research , pp. 85-119
    • Andrew, R.1    Walker, B.R.2
  • 10
    • 0025923467 scopus 로고
    • Dihydrotestosterone exerts a depressive influence on the production of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5 and gamma-interferon, but not IL-2 by activated murine T-cells
    • Araneo BA, Dowell T, Diegel M & Daynes RA 1991 Dihydrotestosterone exerts a depressive influence on the production of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5 and gamma-interferon, but not IL-2 by activated murine T-cells. Blood 78 688-699.
    • (1991) Blood , vol.78 , pp. 688-699
    • Araneo, B.A.1    Dowell, T.2    Diegel, M.3    Daynes, R.A.4
  • 11
    • 0023221667 scopus 로고
    • Cloning of humanmineralocorticoid receptor complementary DNA; structural and functional kinship with the glucocorticoid receptor
    • Arriza JL, Weinberger C & Cerelli G 1987 Cloning of humanmineralocorticoid receptor complementary DNA; structural and functional kinship with the glucocorticoid receptor. Science 237 268-275.
    • (1987) Science , vol.237 , pp. 268-275
    • Arriza, J.L.1    Weinberger, C.2    Cerelli, G.3
  • 14
    • 0014691121 scopus 로고
    • Hormone induced modification of the cell surface
    • Ballard PL & Tomkins GM 1969 Hormone induced modification of the cell surface. Nature 224 344-345.
    • (1969) Nature , vol.224 , pp. 344-345
    • Ballard, P.L.1    Tomkins, G.M.2
  • 16
    • 0031862891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-inflammatory actions of glucocorticoids: molecular mechanisms
    • Barnes PJ 1998 Anti-inflammatory actions of glucocorticoids: molecular mechanisms. Clinical Science 94 557-572.
    • (1998) Clinical Science , vol.94 , pp. 557-572
    • Barnes, P.J.1
  • 17
    • 0015056258 scopus 로고
    • Specific cytoplasmic glucocorticoid hormone receptors in hepatoma tissue culture cells
    • Baxter JD & Tomkins GM 1971 Specific cytoplasmic glucocorticoid hormone receptors in hepatoma tissue culture cells. PNAS 68 932-937.
    • (1971) PNAS , vol.68 , pp. 932-937
    • Baxter, J.D.1    Tomkins, G.M.2
  • 18
    • 0029618368 scopus 로고
    • Steroid hormone receptors: many actors in search of a plot
    • Beato M, Herrlich P & Shutz G 1995 Steroid hormone receptors: many actors in search of a plot. Cell 83 851-857.
    • (1995) Cell , vol.83 , pp. 851-857
    • Beato, M.1    Herrlich, P.2    Shutz, G.3
  • 25
    • 0342716479 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of 11-oxygenated steroids. Influence of the A/B ring junction on the reduction of 11-oxo steroids
    • Bush IE &Mahesh VB 1959 Metabolism of 11-oxygenated steroids. Influence of the A/B ring junction on the reduction of 11-oxo steroids. Biochemistry 71 705-717.
    • (1959) Biochemistry , vol.71 , pp. 705-717
    • Bush, I.E.1    Mahesh, V.B.2
  • 28
    • 0017774561 scopus 로고
    • Interactions of corticosterone, 5α-dihydrocorticosterone and dexamethasone with proteins in rat-liver cytosol
    • Carlstedt-Duke J, Gustafsson SA, Gustafsson J-A & Wrange O 1977 Interactions of corticosterone, 5α-dihydrocorticosterone and dexamethasone with proteins in rat-liver cytosol. European Journal of Biochemistry 73 231-238.
    • (1977) European Journal of Biochemistry , vol.73 , pp. 231-238
    • Carlstedt-Duke, J.1    Gustafsson, S.A.2    Gustafsson, J.-A.3    Wrange, O.4
  • 29
    • 0021690912 scopus 로고
    • Self-suppression of corticosteroidogenesis: evidence for a role of adrenal 5alpha-reductase
    • Carsia RV, Scanes CG & Malamed S 1984 Self-suppression of corticosteroidogenesis: evidence for a role of adrenal 5alpha-reductase. Endocrinology 115 2464-2472.
    • (1984) Endocrinology , vol.115 , pp. 2464-2472
    • Carsia, R.V.1    Scanes, C.G.2    Malamed, S.3
  • 30
    • 0016439512 scopus 로고
    • Placental steroidogenesis in rat -progesterone production by tissue of basal zone
    • Chan SWC & Leathem JH 1975 Placental steroidogenesis in rat -progesterone production by tissue of basal zone. Endocrinology 96 298-303.
    • (1975) Endocrinology , vol.96 , pp. 298-303
    • Chan, S.W.C.1    Leathem, J.H.2
  • 31
    • 0023929785 scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning of human and rat complementary DNA encoding androgen receptors
    • Chang C, Kokontis K & Liao S 1988 Molecular cloning of human and rat complementary DNA encoding androgen receptors. Science 240 324-326.
    • (1988) Science , vol.240 , pp. 324-326
    • Chang, C.1    Kokontis, K.2    Liao, S.3
  • 33
    • 0015451856 scopus 로고
    • Effects of gonadal hormones on adrenocortical secretion of 5α-reduced metabolites of corticosterone in the rat
    • Colby HD & Kitay JI 1972 Effects of gonadal hormones on adrenocortical secretion of 5α-reduced metabolites of corticosterone in the rat. Endocrinology 91 1523-1527.
    • (1972) Endocrinology , vol.91 , pp. 1523-1527
    • Colby, H.D.1    Kitay, J.I.2
  • 34
    • 0348141449 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid induction of the rat tryptophan oxygenase gene is mediated by two widely separated glucocorticoid-responsive elements
    • Danesch U, Gloss B, Schmid W, Schutz G, Schule R & Renkawitz R 1987 Glucocorticoid induction of the rat tryptophan oxygenase gene is mediated by two widely separated glucocorticoid-responsive elements. EMBO Journal 6 625-630.
    • (1987) EMBO Journal , vol.6 , pp. 625-630
    • Danesch, U.1    Gloss, B.2    Schmid, W.3    Schutz, G.4    Schule, R.5    Renkawitz, R.6
  • 35
    • 61449229273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Latest perspectives on anti-inflammatory actions of glucocorticoids
    • De Bosscher K & Haegeman G 2009 Latest perspectives on anti-inflammatory actions of glucocorticoids. Molecular Endocrinology 23 281-291.
    • (2009) Molecular Endocrinology , vol.23 , pp. 281-291
    • De Bosscher, K.1    Haegeman, G.2
  • 38
    • 0035200120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptor activation of the IkBa promoter within chromatin
    • Deroo BJ & Archer TK 2001 Glucocorticoid receptor activation of the IkBa promoter within chromatin. Molecular Biology of the Cell 12 3365-3374.
    • (2001) Molecular Biology of the Cell , vol.12 , pp. 3365-3374
    • Deroo, B.J.1    Archer, T.K.2
  • 39
    • 0031458453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5-Alpha-dihydroprogesterone formation in human placenta from 5alpha-pregnan-3beta/ alpha-ol-20-ones and 5-pregnan-3beta-yl-20-one sulfate
    • Dombroski RA, Casey ML & MacDonald PC 1997 5-Alpha-dihydroprogesterone formation in human placenta from 5alpha-pregnan-3beta/ alpha-ol-20-ones and 5-pregnan-3beta-yl-20-one sulfate. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 63 155-163.
    • (1997) Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , vol.63 , pp. 155-163
    • Dombroski, R.A.1    Casey, M.L.2    MacDonald, P.C.3
  • 40
    • 12344333357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced adipose glucocorticoid reactivation and increased hepatic glucocorticoid clearance as an early adaptation to high fat feeding in rats
    • Drake AJ, Livingstone DEW, Morton NM, Andrew R, Seckl JR & Walker BR 2005 Reduced adipose glucocorticoid reactivation and increased hepatic glucocorticoid clearance as an early adaptation to high fat feeding in rats. Endocrinology 146 913-919.
    • (2005) Endocrinology , vol.146 , pp. 913-919
    • Drake, A.J.1    Livingstone, D.E.W.2    Morton, N.M.3    Andrew, R.4    Seckl, J.R.5    Walker, B.R.6
  • 42
    • 0016433047 scopus 로고
    • Testosterone 5alpha reductase in rat skin homogenates -measurement in skin at various anatomical sites in males and females
    • Dube JY, Ngothi NH & Tremblay RR 1975 Testosterone 5alpha reductase in rat skin homogenates -measurement in skin at various anatomical sites in males and females. Endocrinology 96 235-237.
    • (1975) Endocrinology , vol.96 , pp. 235-237
    • Dube, J.Y.1    Ngothi, N.H.2    Tremblay, R.R.3
  • 43
    • 0023582014 scopus 로고
    • Effects of 5adihydrocorticosterone on evoked responses and long-term potentiation
    • Dubrovsky BO, Liquornik MS, Noble P & Gijsbers K 1987 Effects of 5adihydrocorticosterone on evoked responses and long-term potentiation. Brain Research Bulletin 19 635-638.
    • (1987) Brain Research Bulletin , vol.19 , pp. 635-638
    • Dubrovsky, B.O.1    Liquornik, M.S.2    Noble, P.3    Gijsbers, K.4
  • 44
    • 0029795871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The insulin-sensitising agent troglitazone improves metabolic and reproductive abnormalities in the polycystic ovary syndrome
    • Dunaif A, Scott D, Finegood D, Quintana B & Whitcomb R 1996 The insulin-sensitising agent troglitazone improves metabolic and reproductive abnormalities in the polycystic ovary syndrome. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 81 3299-3306.
    • (1996) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.81 , pp. 3299-3306
    • Dunaif, A.1    Scott, D.2    Finegood, D.3    Quintana, B.4    Whitcomb, R.5
  • 46
    • 0029123708 scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical evidence for differential distribution of 5alphareductase isozymes in human skin
    • Eicheler W, Dreher M, Hoffman R, Happle R & Aumuller G 1995 Immunohistochemical evidence for differential distribution of 5alphareductase isozymes in human skin. British Journal of Dermatology 133 371-376.
    • (1995) British Journal of Dermatology , vol.133 , pp. 371-376
    • Eicheler, W.1    Dreher, M.2    Hoffman, R.3    Happle, R.4    Aumuller, G.5
  • 47
    • 0031916183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5alpha-Reductase activity in the human hair follicle concentrates in the dermal papilla
    • Eicheler W, Happle R & Hoffman R 1998 5alpha-Reductase activity in the human hair follicle concentrates in the dermal papilla. Archives of Dermatological Research 290 126-132.
    • (1998) Archives of Dermatological Research , vol.290 , pp. 126-132
    • Eicheler, W.1    Happle, R.2    Hoffman, R.3
  • 48
    • 1642463379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steroid 5a reductase mRNA type I is differentially regulated by androgens and glucocorticoids in the rat liver
    • El-Awady MK, El-Garf W & El-Houssieny L 2004 Steroid 5a reductase mRNA type I is differentially regulated by androgens and glucocorticoids in the rat liver. Endocrine Journal 51 37-46.
    • (2004) Endocrine Journal , vol.51 , pp. 37-46
    • El-Awady, M.K.1    El-Garf, W.2    El-Houssieny, L.3
  • 49
    • 0020790593 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism in vitro of testosterone (T) to 17-beta-hydroxy-androstane-3-one (DHT) and 5-alpha-androstane-3-alpha, 17-beta-diol (3-alpha) by the 800-G supernatant fraction of ileum from rats
    • Eiknes KB, Stenstad P & Loftus R 1983 Metabolism in vitro of testosterone (T) to 17-beta-hydroxy-androstane-3-one (DHT) and 5-alpha-androstane-3-alpha, 17-beta-diol (3-alpha) by the 800-G supernatant fraction of ileum from rats. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 19 683-686.
    • (1983) Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , vol.19 , pp. 683-686
    • Eiknes, K.B.1    Stenstad, P.2    Loftus, R.3
  • 52
    • 0018122248 scopus 로고
    • Clinical, endocrinological, and enzymatic characterisation of two patients with 5α-reductase deficiency: evidence that a single enzyme is responsible for the 5α-reduction of cortisol and testosterone
    • Fisher LK, Kogut M, Moore R & Goebelsmann U 1978 Clinical, endocrinological, and enzymatic characterisation of two patients with 5α-reductase deficiency: evidence that a single enzyme is responsible for the 5α-reduction of cortisol and testosterone. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 47 653-664.
    • (1978) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.47 , pp. 653-664
    • Fisher, L.K.1    Kogut, M.2    Moore, R.3    Goebelsmann, U.4
  • 56
    • 0015239404 scopus 로고
    • Partial characterization of the nuclear reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate: delta 4-3-ketosteroid 5 alpha-oxidoreductase of rat prostate
    • Frederiksen DW & Wilson JD 1971 Partial characterization of the nuclear reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate: delta 4-3-ketosteroid 5 alpha-oxidoreductase of rat prostate. Journal of Biological Chemistry 246 2584-2593.
    • (1971) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.246 , pp. 2584-2593
    • Frederiksen, D.W.1    Wilson, J.D.2
  • 58
    • 0032549546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous determination of tetrahydrocortisol and tetrahydrocortisone in human plasma and urine by stable isotope dilution mass spectrometry
    • Furuta T, Namekawa T, Shibasaki H & Kasuya Y 1998 Simultaneous determination of tetrahydrocortisol and tetrahydrocortisone in human plasma and urine by stable isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography. B 706 181-190.
    • (1998) Journal of Chromatography. B , vol.706 , pp. 181-190
    • Furuta, T.1    Namekawa, T.2    Shibasaki, H.3    Kasuya, Y.4
  • 59
    • 0027886307 scopus 로고
    • Post-natal expression of high-rates of 5-alpha-reductase in the female rat urogenital tract
    • George FW 1993 Post-natal expression of high-rates of 5-alpha-reductase in the female rat urogenital tract. Journal of Developmental Physiology 19 187-191.
    • (1993) Journal of Developmental Physiology , vol.19 , pp. 187-191
    • George, F.W.1
  • 60
    • 0025873322 scopus 로고
    • Feed-forward control of prostate growth: dihydrotestosterone induces expression of its own biosynthetic enzyme, steroid 5alpha-reductase
    • George FW, Russell DW&Wilson JD 1991 Feed-forward control of prostate growth: dihydrotestosterone induces expression of its own biosynthetic enzyme, steroid 5alpha-reductase. PNAS 88 8044-8047.
    • (1991) PNAS , vol.88 , pp. 8044-8047
    • George, F.W.1    Russell, D.W.2    Wilson, J.D.3
  • 61
    • 0038030758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of androgen receptor amino/carboxyl-terminal interaction assays to investigate androgen receptor gene mutations in subjects with varying degrees of androgen insensitivity
    • Ghali S, Gottlieb B, Lumbruso R, Beitel LK, Elhaji Y, Wu J, Pinsky L & Trifiro MA 2003 The use of androgen receptor amino/carboxyl-terminal interaction assays to investigate androgen receptor gene mutations in subjects with varying degrees of androgen insensitivity. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 88 2185-2193.
    • (2003) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.88 , pp. 2185-2193
    • Ghali, S.1    Gottlieb, B.2    Lumbruso, R.3    Beitel, L.K.4    Elhaji, Y.5    Wu, J.6    Pinsky, L.7    Trifiro, M.A.8
  • 62
    • 0032953720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative analysis of human serum corticosterone by highperformance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
    • Ghulam A, Kouach M, Racadot A, Boersma A, Vantyghem MC & Briand G 1999 Quantitative analysis of human serum corticosterone by highperformance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography. B 727 227-233.
    • (1999) Journal of Chromatography. B , vol.727 , pp. 227-233
    • Ghulam, A.1    Kouach, M.2    Racadot, A.3    Boersma, A.4    Vantyghem, M.C.5    Briand, G.6
  • 63
    • 79955796493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5α-Reductase type 3 expression in human benign and malignant tissues: a comparative analysis during prostate cancer progression
    • Godoy A, Kawinski E, Li Y, Oka D, Alexiev B, Azzouni F, Titus MA & Mohler JL 2011 5α-Reductase type 3 expression in human benign and malignant tissues: a comparative analysis during prostate cancer progression. Prostate 71 1033-1045.
    • (2011) Prostate , vol.71 , pp. 1033-1045
    • Godoy, A.1    Kawinski, E.2    Li, Y.3    Oka, D.4    Alexiev, B.5    Azzouni, F.6    Titus, M.A.7    Mohler, J.L.8
  • 64
    • 0015350280 scopus 로고
    • Suggested in vivo irreversible metabolism of labelled cortisol during distribution: effects on kinetics measurements and role of modes and routes of administration
    • Gold NI & Crigler JF 1972 Suggested in vivo irreversible metabolism of labelled cortisol during distribution: effects on kinetics measurements and role of modes and routes of administration. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 34 1025-1038.
    • (1972) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.34 , pp. 1025-1038
    • Gold, N.I.1    Crigler, J.F.2
  • 65
    • 0021703391 scopus 로고
    • Effect of 5α-dihydrocorticoids on enzymes of gluconeogenesis in rat liver
    • Golf SW, Bepperling F & Graef V 1984 Effect of 5α-dihydrocorticoids on enzymes of gluconeogenesis in rat liver. Steroids 43 85-91.
    • (1984) Steroids , vol.43 , pp. 85-91
    • Golf, S.W.1    Bepperling, F.2    Graef, V.3
  • 66
    • 33749567350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variants in the 5α-reductase type 1 and type 2 genes are associated with polycystic ovary syndrome and the severity of hirsutism in affected women
    • Goodarzi MO, Shah NA, Antione HJ, Pall M, Guo X & Azziz R 2006 Variants in the 5α-reductase type 1 and type 2 genes are associated with polycystic ovary syndrome and the severity of hirsutism in affected women. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 91 4085-4091.
    • (2006) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.91 , pp. 4085-4091
    • Goodarzi, M.O.1    Shah, N.A.2    Antione, H.J.3    Pall, M.4    Guo, X.5    Azziz, R.6
  • 67
    • 0022453369 scopus 로고
    • Hypertensinogenic activities of ring A-reduced metabolites of aldosterone
    • Gorsline J, Harnik M, Tresco PA & Morris DJ 1986 Hypertensinogenic activities of ring A-reduced metabolites of aldosterone. Hypertension 8 (Suppl 1) I-187-I-190.
    • (1986) Hypertension , vol.8 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Gorsline, J.1    Harnik, M.2    Tresco, P.A.3    Morris, D.J.4
  • 68
    • 0035962634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo analysis of the model tyrosine aminotransferase gene reveals multiple sequential steps in glucocorticoid receptor action
    • Grange T, Cappabianca L, Flavin M, Sassi H & Thomassin H 2001 In vivo analysis of the model tyrosine aminotransferase gene reveals multiple sequential steps in glucocorticoid receptor action. Oncogene 20 3028-3038.
    • (2001) Oncogene , vol.20 , pp. 3028-3038
    • Grange, T.1    Cappabianca, L.2    Flavin, M.3    Sassi, H.4    Thomassin, H.5
  • 69
    • 0037379637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of genetic polymorphisms of steroid 5alpha-reductase type 1 and 2 genes in Korean men with androgenetic alopecia
    • Ha SJ, Kim JS, Myung JW, Lee HJ & Kim JW 2003 Analysis of genetic polymorphisms of steroid 5alpha-reductase type 1 and 2 genes in Korean men with androgenetic alopecia. Journal of Dermatological Science 31 135-141.
    • (2003) Journal of Dermatological Science , vol.31 , pp. 135-141
    • Ha, S.J.1    Kim, J.S.2    Myung, J.W.3    Lee, H.J.4    Kim, J.W.5
  • 71
    • 0026572520 scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous assay of corticosterone and cortisol in plasma by reversed-phase liquid chromatography
    • Hariharan M, Naga S, VanNoord T & Kindt EK 1992 Simultaneous assay of corticosterone and cortisol in plasma by reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Clinical Chemistry 38 346-352.
    • (1992) Clinical Chemistry , vol.38 , pp. 346-352
    • Hariharan, M.1    Naga, S.2    VanNoord, T.3    Kindt, E.K.4
  • 72
    • 0023111240 scopus 로고
    • Androgen action in fetal mouse spinal cord culture -metabolic and morphological aspects
    • Hauser KF, Maclusky NJ & Toranallerand CD 1987 Androgen action in fetal mouse spinal cord culture -metabolic and morphological aspects. Brain Research 406 62-72.
    • (1987) Brain Research , vol.406 , pp. 62-72
    • Hauser, K.F.1    Maclusky, N.J.2    Toranallerand, C.D.3
  • 73
    • 33646541668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probing the functional link between androgen receptor coactivator and ligand-binding sites in prostate cancer and androgen insensitivity
    • He B, Gampe RTJ, Hnat AT, Faggart JL, Minges JT, French FS &Wilson EM 2006 Probing the functional link between androgen receptor coactivator and ligand-binding sites in prostate cancer and androgen insensitivity. Journal of Biological Chemistry 281 6648-6663.
    • (2006) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.281 , pp. 6648-6663
    • He, B.1    Gampe, R.T.J.2    Hnat, A.T.3    Faggart, J.L.4    Minges, J.T.5    French, F.S.6    Wilson, E.M.7
  • 75
    • 0030986236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A signature motif in transcriptional co-activators mediates binding to nuclear receptors
    • Heery DM, Kalkhoven E, Hoare S & Parker MG 1997 A signature motif in transcriptional co-activators mediates binding to nuclear receptors. Nature 387 733-736.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.387 , pp. 733-736
    • Heery, D.M.1    Kalkhoven, E.2    Hoare, S.3    Parker, M.G.4
  • 77
    • 0027203510 scopus 로고
    • Androgen induction of steroid 5α-reductase may be mediated via insulin-like growth factor-1
    • Horton R, Pasupuletti V & Antonipillai I 1993 Androgen induction of steroid 5α-reductase may be mediated via insulin-like growth factor-1. Endocrinology 133 447-451.
    • (1993) Endocrinology , vol.133 , pp. 447-451
    • Horton, R.1    Pasupuletti, V.2    Antonipillai, I.3
  • 78
    • 0023624754 scopus 로고
    • A kinetic analysis of the 5-alpha reductases from human prostate and liver
    • Houston B, Chisholm GD & Habib FK 1987 A kinetic analysis of the 5-alpha reductases from human prostate and liver. Steroids 49 355-370.
    • (1987) Steroids , vol.49 , pp. 355-370
    • Houston, B.1    Chisholm, G.D.2    Habib, F.K.3
  • 80
    • 0016359646 scopus 로고
    • Steroid 5alpha-reductase deficiency in man: an inherited form of male pseudohermaphroditism
    • Imperato-McGinley J, Guerrero L, Gautier T & Peterson RE 1974 Steroid 5alpha-reductase deficiency in man: an inherited form of male pseudohermaphroditism. Science 186 1213-1215.
    • (1974) Science , vol.186 , pp. 1213-1215
    • Imperato-McGinley, J.1    Guerrero, L.2    Gautier, T.3    Peterson, R.E.4
  • 83
    • 0025242459 scopus 로고
    • Human hepatic cortisol reductase activities: enzymatic properties and substrate specificities of cytosolic cortisol Delta4-5beta-reductase and dihydrocortisol-3alpha-oxidoreductase
    • Iyer RB, Binstock JM, Schwartz IS, Gordon GG, Weinstein BI & Southren AL 1990 Human hepatic cortisol reductase activities: enzymatic properties and substrate specificities of cytosolic cortisol Delta4-5beta-reductase and dihydrocortisol-3alpha-oxidoreductase. Steroids 55 495-500.
    • (1990) Steroids , vol.55 , pp. 495-500
    • Iyer, R.B.1    Binstock, J.M.2    Schwartz, I.S.3    Gordon, G.G.4    Weinstein, B.I.5    Southren, A.L.6
  • 86
    • 0026326528 scopus 로고
    • Characterisation and chromosomal mapping of a human steroid 5α-reductase gene and pseudogene and mapping of the mouse homologue
    • Jenkins EP, Hsieh C-L, Milatovich A, Normington K, Berman DM, Francke U & Russell DW 1991 Characterisation and chromosomal mapping of a human steroid 5α-reductase gene and pseudogene and mapping of the mouse homologue. Genomics 11 1102-1112.
    • (1991) Genomics , vol.11 , pp. 1102-1112
    • Jenkins, E.P.1    Hsieh, C.-L.2    Milatovich, A.3    Normington, K.4    Berman, D.M.5    Francke, U.6    Russell, D.W.7
  • 89
    • 0031955750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental expression and regulation of aromatase- and 5α-reductase type 1 mRNA in the male and female mouse hypothalamus
    • Karolczak M, Küppers E & Beyer C 1998 Developmental expression and regulation of aromatase- and 5α-reductase type 1 mRNA in the male and female mouse hypothalamus. Journal of Neuroendocrinology 10 267-274.
    • (1998) Journal of Neuroendocrinology , vol.10 , pp. 267-274
    • Karolczak, M.1    Küppers, E.2    Beyer, C.3
  • 91
    • 2542431478 scopus 로고
    • The effects of long-term infusions of the reduced derivatives of aldosterone on water and electrolyte metabolism
    • 27th edn. Eds F Mantero, EG Biglieri, JW Funder & BA Scoggins. New York: Raven Press
    • Kenyon CJ, Saccoccio NA, Harnik M & Morris DJ 1985 The effects of long-term infusions of the reduced derivatives of aldosterone on water and electrolyte metabolism. In The Adrenal Gland and Hypertension, 27th edn, pp 209-214. Eds F Mantero, EG Biglieri, JW Funder & BA Scoggins. New York: Raven Press.
    • (1985) The Adrenal Gland and Hypertension , pp. 209-214
    • Kenyon, C.J.1    Saccoccio, N.A.2    Harnik, M.3    Morris, D.J.4
  • 93
    • 0348108191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of androgen receptor and 5 alpha-reductase types 1 and 2 in early gestation fetal lung: a possible correlation with branching morphogenesis
    • Kimura Y, Kaneko A, Darnel AD, Akahira J, Ebina M, Nukiwa T & Sasano H 2003 Expression of androgen receptor and 5 alpha-reductase types 1 and 2 in early gestation fetal lung: a possible correlation with branching morphogenesis. Clinical Science 105 709-713.
    • (2003) Clinical Science , vol.105 , pp. 709-713
    • Kimura, Y.1    Kaneko, A.2    Darnel, A.D.3    Akahira, J.4    Ebina, M.5    Nukiwa, T.6    Sasano, H.7
  • 96
    • 0027332124 scopus 로고
    • Pituitary and brain 5α-reductase messenger RNA levels in control, castrated and dihydrotestosterone treated rats
    • Lephart ED 1993 Pituitary and brain 5α-reductase messenger RNA levels in control, castrated and dihydrotestosterone treated rats. Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences 4 526-531.
    • (1993) Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences , vol.4 , pp. 526-531
    • Lephart, E.D.1
  • 97
    • 0027486906 scopus 로고
    • Altered brain and pituitary androgen metabolism by prenatal, perinatal or pre- and postnatal finasteride, flutamide or dihydrotestosterone treatment in juvenile male rats
    • Lephart ED & Husmann DA 1993 Altered brain and pituitary androgen metabolism by prenatal, perinatal or pre- and postnatal finasteride, flutamide or dihydrotestosterone treatment in juvenile male rats. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry 17 991-1003.
    • (1993) Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry , vol.17 , pp. 991-1003
    • Lephart, E.D.1    Husmann, D.A.2
  • 98
    • 0030992888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional distribution of cytosolic and particulate 5 alpha-dihydroprogesterone 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductases in female rat brain
    • Li XD, Bertics PJ & Karavola HJ 1997 Regional distribution of cytosolic and particulate 5 alpha-dihydroprogesterone 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductases in female rat brain. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry 60 311-318.
    • (1997) Journal of Steroid Biochemistry , vol.60 , pp. 311-318
    • Li, X.D.1    Bertics, P.J.2    Karavola, H.J.3
  • 99
    • 72949091442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steroid 5-a-reductase type 2 (SRD5a2) gene polymorphisms and risk of prostate cancer: a HuGE review
    • Li J, Coates RJ, Gwinn M & Khoury MJ 2011 Steroid 5-a-reductase type 2 (SRD5a2) gene polymorphisms and risk of prostate cancer: a HuGE review. American Journal of Epidemiology 171 1-13.
    • (2011) American Journal of Epidemiology , vol.171 , pp. 1-13
    • Li, J.1    Coates, R.J.2    Gwinn, M.3    Khoury, M.J.4
  • 100
    • 0034463972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the role of glucocorticoids in obesity: tissue-specific alterations of corticosterone metabolism in obese Zucker rats
    • Livingstone DEW, Jones GC, Smith K, Andrew R, Kenyon CJ &Walker BR 2000 Understanding the role of glucocorticoids in obesity: tissue-specific alterations of corticosterone metabolism in obese Zucker rats. Endocrinology 141 560-563.
    • (2000) Endocrinology , vol.141 , pp. 560-563
    • Livingstone, D.E.W.1    Jones, G.C.2    Smith, K.3    Andrew, R.4    Kenyon, C.J.5    Walker, B.R.6
  • 101
    • 33644666769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased A-ring reduction of glucocorticoids in obese rats: attenuation by insulin sensitisation
    • Livingstone DEW, McInnes KJ, Walker BR & Andrew R 2005 Increased A-ring reduction of glucocorticoids in obese rats: attenuation by insulin sensitisation. Obesity Research 13 1523-1526.
    • (2005) Obesity Research , vol.13 , pp. 1523-1526
    • Livingstone, D.E.W.1    McInnes, K.J.2    Walker, B.R.3    Andrew, R.4
  • 102
    • 84856976000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased susceptibility to liver fat accumulation and insulin resistance, but not obesity induced by high fat diet, in 5alpha-reductase type 1 knock-out mice
    • Livingstone DEW, Walker BR & Andrew R 2008 Increased susceptibility to liver fat accumulation and insulin resistance, but not obesity induced by high fat diet, in 5alpha-reductase type 1 knock-out mice. Proceedings of the Endocrine Society, P2-P41.
    • (2008) Proceedings of the Endocrine Society
    • Livingstone, D.E.W.1    Walker, B.R.2    Andrew, R.3
  • 103
    • 67650711628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysregulation of glucocorticoid metabolism in murine obesity: comparable effects of leptin resistance and deficiency
    • Livingstone DEW, Grassick SL, Currie GL, Walker BR & Andrew R 2009 Dysregulation of glucocorticoid metabolism in murine obesity: comparable effects of leptin resistance and deficiency. Journal of Endocrinology 201 211-218.
    • (2009) Journal of Endocrinology , vol.201 , pp. 211-218
    • Livingstone, D.E.W.1    Grassick, S.L.2    Currie, G.L.3    Walker, B.R.4    Andrew, R.5
  • 104
    • 0018749119 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the progesterone receptor content and steroid metabolism in normal and pathological human breast tissues
    • Lloyd RV 1979 Studies on the progesterone receptor content and steroid metabolism in normal and pathological human breast tissues. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 48 585-593.
    • (1979) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.48 , pp. 585-593
    • Lloyd, R.V.1
  • 105
    • 0021223421 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of testosterone to 17-beta-hydroxy-5-alpha-androstane-3-one and 5-alpha-androstane-3-alpha, 17 beta-diol in alvealor macrophages from rat lung
    • Lofthus R,Marthinsen ABL & Eiknes KB 1984 Metabolism of testosterone to 17-beta-hydroxy-5-alpha-androstane-3-one and 5-alpha-androstane-3-alpha, 17 beta-diol in alvealor macrophages from rat lung. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 20 1243-1248.
    • (1984) Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , vol.20 , pp. 1243-1248
    • Lofthus, R.1    Marthinsen, A.B.L.2    Eiknes, K.B.3
  • 106
    • 0030031018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneity of rat type 1 5 alpha-reductase cDNA: cloning, expression and regulation by pituitary implants and dihydrotestosterone
    • Lopes-Solache I, Luu-The V, Seralini G-E & Labrie F 1996 Heterogeneity of rat type 1 5 alpha-reductase cDNA: cloning, expression and regulation by pituitary implants and dihydrotestosterone. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1305 139-144.
    • (1996) Biochimica et Biophysica Acta , vol.1305 , pp. 139-144
    • Lopes-Solache, I.1    Luu-The, V.2    Seralini, G.-E.3    Labrie, F.4
  • 109
    • 18044389529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative appreciation of steroidogenic gene expression in mouse tissues: new roles for type 2 5α-reductase, 20a-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase and estrogen sulfotransferase
    • Luu-The V, Pelletier G & Labrie F 2005 Quantitative appreciation of steroidogenic gene expression in mouse tissues: new roles for type 2 5α-reductase, 20a-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase and estrogen sulfotransferase. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 93 269-276.
    • (2005) Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , vol.93 , pp. 269-276
    • Luu-The, V.1    Pelletier, G.2    Labrie, F.3
  • 114
    • 0034750057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unexpected virilization in male mice lacking steroid 5α-reductase enzymes
    • Mahendroo MS, Cala KM, Hess DL & Russell DW 2001 Unexpected virilization in male mice lacking steroid 5α-reductase enzymes. Endocrinology 142 4652-4662.
    • (2001) Endocrinology , vol.142 , pp. 4652-4662
    • Mahendroo, M.S.1    Cala, K.M.2    Hess, D.L.3    Russell, D.W.4
  • 115
    • 3142530379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steroid 5 alpha-reductase 1 promotes 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol synthesis in immature mouse testes by two pathways
    • Mahendroo MS, Wilson JD, Richardson JA & Auchus RJ 2004 Steroid 5 alpha-reductase 1 promotes 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha,17 beta-diol synthesis in immature mouse testes by two pathways. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 222 113-120.
    • (2004) Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology , vol.222 , pp. 113-120
    • Mahendroo, M.S.1    Wilson, J.D.2    Richardson, J.A.3    Auchus, R.J.4
  • 117
    • 0029153419 scopus 로고
    • Deflazacort. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy
    • Markham A & Bryson HM 1995 Deflazacort. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy. Drugs 50 317-333.
    • (1995) Drugs , vol.50 , pp. 317-333
    • Markham, A.1    Bryson, H.M.2
  • 118
    • 0024344488 scopus 로고
    • Fluorimetric method for simultaneous estimation of cortisol, corticosterone and testosterone in plasma
    • Mattingly D, Martin H & Tyler C 1989 Fluorimetric method for simultaneous estimation of cortisol, corticosterone and testosterone in plasma. Journal of Clinical Pathology 42 661-666.
    • (1989) Journal of Clinical Pathology , vol.42 , pp. 661-666
    • Mattingly, D.1    Martin, H.2    Tyler, C.3
  • 119
    • 0000456691 scopus 로고
    • The heterogeneity of Δ*-3-ketosteroid reductases (5α)
    • McGuire JS & Tomkins GM 1960 The heterogeneity of Δ *-3-ketosteroid reductases (5α). Journal of Biological Chemistry 235 1634-1638.
    • (1960) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.235 , pp. 1634-1638
    • McGuire, J.S.1    Tomkins, G.M.2
  • 120
    • 0000589034 scopus 로고
    • Some characteristics of the microsomal steroid reductases (5α) of rat liver
    • McGuire JS, Hollis VW & Tomkins GM 1960 Some characteristics of the microsomal steroid reductases (5α) of rat liver. Journal of Biological Chemistry 235 3112-3117.
    • (1960) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.235 , pp. 3112-3117
    • McGuire, J.S.1    Hollis, V.W.2    Tomkins, G.M.3
  • 122
    • 33847758726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling the glucocorticoid receptor and producing therapeutic agents with anti-inflammatory effects but reduced side-effects
    • McMaster A & Ray DW 2007 Modelling the glucocorticoid receptor and producing therapeutic agents with anti-inflammatory effects but reduced side-effects. Experimental Physiology 92 299-309.
    • (2007) Experimental Physiology , vol.92 , pp. 299-309
    • McMaster, A.1    Ray, D.W.2
  • 123
    • 38549170848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug insight: selective agonists and antagonists of the glucocorticoid receptor. Nature Clinical Practice
    • McMaster A & Ray DW2008 Drug insight: selective agonists and antagonists of the glucocorticoid receptor. Nature Clinical Practice. Endocrinology & Metabolism 4 91-101.
    • (2008) Endocrinology & Metabolism , vol.4 , pp. 91-101
    • McMaster, A.1    Ray, D.W.2
  • 125
    • 0025115264 scopus 로고
    • Testosterone metabolism in peripheral nerves -presence of the 5-alpha-reductase-3-alpha-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase enzymatic system in the sciatic nerve of adult and aged rats
    • Melcangi RC, Celotti F, Ballabio M, Poletti A & Martini L 1990 Testosterone metabolism in peripheral nerves -presence of the 5-alpha-reductase-3-alpha-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase enzymatic system in the sciatic nerve of adult and aged rats. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 35 145-148.
    • (1990) Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , vol.35 , pp. 145-148
    • Melcangi, R.C.1    Celotti, F.2    Ballabio, M.3    Poletti, A.4    Martini, L.5
  • 126
    • 0027479169 scopus 로고
    • Differential localization of the 5 alpha-reductase and the 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in neuronal and glial cultures
    • Melcangi RC, Celotti F, Castano P & Martini L 1993 Differential localization of the 5 alpha-reductase and the 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in neuronal and glial cultures. Endocrinology 132 1252-1259.
    • (1993) Endocrinology , vol.132 , pp. 1252-1259
    • Melcangi, R.C.1    Celotti, F.2    Castano, P.3    Martini, L.4
  • 129
    • 0031060798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Binding activity of 5alphareduced gestagens to the progestin receptor from African elephant (Loxodonta africana)
    • Meyer HH, Jewgenow K & Hdges JK 1997a Binding activity of 5alphareduced gestagens to the progestin receptor from African elephant (Loxodonta africana). General and Comparative Endocrinology 105 164-167.
    • (1997) General and Comparative Endocrinology , vol.105 , pp. 164-167
    • Meyer, H.H.1    Jewgenow, K.2    Hdges, J.K.3
  • 130
    • 0030967927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoiddependent transcriptional repression of the osteocalcin gene by competitive binding at the TATA box
    • Meyer T, Gustafsson J-A & Carlstedt-Duke J 1997b Glucocorticoiddependent transcriptional repression of the osteocalcin gene by competitive binding at the TATA box. DNA and Cell Biology 16 919-927.
    • (1997) DNA and Cell Biology , vol.16 , pp. 919-927
    • Meyer, T.1    Gustafsson, J.-A.2    Carlstedt-Duke, J.3
  • 135
    • 0020161391 scopus 로고
    • Multihormonal control of microsomal 5α-reductase activity in cultured adult female rat hepatocytes
    • Miller MA & Colas AE 1982 Multihormonal control of microsomal 5α-reductase activity in cultured adult female rat hepatocytes. Endocrinology 111 136-143.
    • (1982) Endocrinology , vol.111 , pp. 136-143
    • Miller, M.A.1    Colas, A.E.2
  • 137
    • 0018144601 scopus 로고
    • Steroid metabolism in normal mammary gland and in dimethylbenzthracene-induced mammary tumor of rats
    • Mori MT, Tominaga T & Tamaoki BI 1978 Steroid metabolism in normal mammary gland and in dimethylbenzthracene-induced mammary tumor of rats. Endocrinology 102 1387-1397.
    • (1978) Endocrinology , vol.102 , pp. 1387-1397
    • Mori, M.T.1    Tominaga, T.2    Tamaoki, B.I.3
  • 139
    • 0016240624 scopus 로고
    • In vitro androgen metabolism in mouse kidney -high 3-keto-reductase (3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity) relative to 5alpha-reductase
    • Mowszowi I & Bardin CW 1974 In vitro androgen metabolism in mouse kidney -high 3-keto-reductase (3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity) relative to 5alpha-reductase. Steroids 23 793-807.
    • (1974) Steroids , vol.23 , pp. 793-807
    • Mowszowi, I.1    Bardin, C.W.2
  • 141
    • 0019169695 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of testosterone and androstenedione by human adult and fetal gastrointestinal tissues in vitro
    • Nienstedt WA, Ahotupa M & Hietanen E 1980a Metabolism of testosterone and androstenedione by human adult and fetal gastrointestinal tissues in vitro. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry 13 1421-1425.
    • (1980) Journal of Steroid Biochemistry , vol.13 , pp. 1421-1425
    • Nienstedt, W.A.1    Ahotupa, M.2    Hietanen, E.3
  • 142
    • 0019217706 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and deoxycorticosterone by human small intestine in vitro
    • Nienstedt WA, Ojanotko A & Toivonen H 1980b Metabolism of progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and deoxycorticosterone by human small intestine in vitro. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry 13 1417-1420.
    • (1980) Journal of Steroid Biochemistry , vol.13 , pp. 1417-1420
    • Nienstedt, W.A.1    Ojanotko, A.2    Toivonen, H.3
  • 143
    • 0026723090 scopus 로고
    • Tissue distribution and kinetic characteristics of rat steroid 5α-reductase isozymes. Evidence for distinct physiological functions
    • Normington K & Russell DW 1992 Tissue distribution and kinetic characteristics of rat steroid 5α-reductase isozymes. Evidence for distinct physiological functions. Journal of Biological Chemistry 267 19548-19554.
    • (1992) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.267 , pp. 19548-19554
    • Normington, K.1    Russell, D.W.2
  • 144
    • 0036228805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution and metabolism of 20 alpha-hydroxylated progestins in the female rat
    • Nowak FV 2002 Distribution and metabolism of 20 alpha-hydroxylated progestins in the female rat. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 80 469-479.
    • (2002) Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , vol.80 , pp. 469-479
    • Nowak, F.V.1
  • 145
    • 0018843962 scopus 로고
    • Progesterone receptors in the fetal uterus and ovary of the guinea pig: evolution during fetal development and induction and stimulation in estradiol-primed animals
    • Pasqualini JR & Nguyen BL 1980 Progesterone receptors in the fetal uterus and ovary of the guinea pig: evolution during fetal development and induction and stimulation in estradiol-primed animals. Endocrinology 106 1160-1165.
    • (1980) Endocrinology , vol.106 , pp. 1160-1165
    • Pasqualini, J.R.1    Nguyen, B.L.2
  • 146
    • 4344694364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anatomical and cellular localization of neuroactive 5 alpha/3 alpha-reduced steroidsynthesizing enzymes in the spinal cord
    • Patte-Mensah C, Penning TM & Mensah-Nyagan AG 2004 Anatomical and cellular localization of neuroactive 5 alpha/3 alpha-reduced steroidsynthesizing enzymes in the spinal cord. Journal of Comparative Neurology 477 286-299.
    • (2004) Journal of Comparative Neurology , vol.477 , pp. 286-299
    • Patte-Mensah, C.1    Penning, T.M.2    Mensah-Nyagan, A.G.3
  • 148
    • 0000971947 scopus 로고
    • Location and characterisation of two widely separated glucocorticoid response elements in the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene
    • Petersen DD, Magnuson MA & Granner DK 1988 Location and characterisation of two widely separated glucocorticoid response elements in the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene. Molecular and Cellular Biology 8 96-104.
    • (1988) Molecular and Cellular Biology , vol.8 , pp. 96-104
    • Petersen, D.D.1    Magnuson, M.A.2    Granner, D.K.3
  • 149
    • 0017832922 scopus 로고
    • 5Alpha-Reductase activity of genital and non-genital skin fibroblasts from patients with 5alpha-reductase deficiency, androgen insensitivity, or unknown forms of male pseudohermaphroditism
    • Pinsky L, Kaufman M, Straisfeld C, Zilahi B & Hall CSG 1978 5Alpha-Reductase activity of genital and non-genital skin fibroblasts from patients with 5alpha-reductase deficiency, androgen insensitivity, or unknown forms of male pseudohermaphroditism. American Journal of Medical Genetics 1 407-416.
    • (1978) American Journal of Medical Genetics , vol.1 , pp. 407-416
    • Pinsky, L.1    Kaufman, M.2    Straisfeld, C.3    Zilahi, B.4    Hall, C.S.G.5
  • 153
    • 0037354178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential regulation of rat testicular 5(-reductase type 1 and 2 isoforms by testosterone and FSH
    • Pratis K, O'Donnell L, Stanton PG & McLachlan RI 2003 Differential regulation of rat testicular 5α-reductase type 1 and 2 isoforms by testosterone and FSH. Journal of Endocrinology 176 393-403.
    • (2003) Journal of Endocrinology , vol.176 , pp. 393-403
    • Pratis, K.1    O'Donnell, L.2    Stanton, P.G.3    McLachlan, R.I.4
  • 155
    • 0036342526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androgen inactivation in human lung fibroblasts: variations in levels of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 and 5 alpha-reductase activity compatible with androgen inactivation
    • Provost PR, Blomquist CH, Drolet R, Flamand N & Tremblay Y 2002 Androgen inactivation in human lung fibroblasts: variations in levels of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 and 5 alpha-reductase activity compatible with androgen inactivation. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 87 3883-3892.
    • (2002) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.87 , pp. 3883-3892
    • Provost, P.R.1    Blomquist, C.H.2    Drolet, R.3    Flamand, N.4    Tremblay, Y.5
  • 157
    • 0025353194 scopus 로고
    • Synthesis, metabolism, and pharmacological activity of 3 alpha-hydroxy steroids which potentiate GABA-receptor-mediated chloride ion uptake in rat cerebral cortical synaptoneurosomes
    • Purdy RH, Morrow AL, Blinn JR & Paul SM 1990 Synthesis, metabolism, and pharmacological activity of 3 alpha-hydroxy steroids which potentiate GABA-receptor-mediated chloride ion uptake in rat cerebral cortical synaptoneurosomes. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 33 1572-1581.
    • (1990) Journal of Medicinal Chemistry , vol.33 , pp. 1572-1581
    • Purdy, R.H.1    Morrow, A.L.2    Blinn, J.R.3    Paul, S.M.4
  • 158
    • 0020068316 scopus 로고
    • In vivo uptake and metabolism of testosterone by the skin and other tissues of the rat
    • Randall VE, Ebling FJ & Hargreaves G 1982 In vivo uptake and metabolism of testosterone by the skin and other tissues of the rat. Journal of Endocrinology 93 253-266.
    • (1982) Journal of Endocrinology , vol.93 , pp. 253-266
    • Randall, V.E.1    Ebling, F.J.2    Hargreaves, G.3
  • 161
    • 0033304646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure/function of the human glucocorticoid receptor: tyrosine 735 is important for transactivation
    • Ray DW, Suen C-S, Brass A, Soden J & White A 1999 Structure/function of the human glucocorticoid receptor: tyrosine 735 is important for transactivation. Molecular Endocrinology 13 1855-1863.
    • (1999) Molecular Endocrinology , vol.13 , pp. 1855-1863
    • Ray, D.W.1    Suen, C.-S.2    Brass, A.3    Soden, J.4    White, A.5
  • 162
    • 23844475165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual dimorphism of growth plate prehypertrophic and hypertrophic chondrocytes in response to testosterone requires metabolism to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by steroid 5-alpha reductase type 1
    • Raz P, Nasatzky E, Boyan BD, Ornoy A & Schwartz Z 2005 Sexual dimorphism of growth plate prehypertrophic and hypertrophic chondrocytes in response to testosterone requires metabolism to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by steroid 5-alpha reductase type 1. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 95 108-119.
    • (2005) Journal of Cellular Biochemistry , vol.95 , pp. 108-119
    • Raz, P.1    Nasatzky, E.2    Boyan, B.D.3    Ornoy, A.4    Schwartz, Z.5
  • 164
    • 0025126153 scopus 로고
    • Bonding characteristics of mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors in dog brain and pituitary
    • Reul JMHM, de Kloet ER, van Sluijs FJ, Rijnberk A & Rothuizen J 1990 Bonding characteristics of mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors in dog brain and pituitary. Endocrinology 127 907-915.
    • (1990) Endocrinology , vol.127 , pp. 907-915
    • Reul, J.M.H.M.1    de Kloet, E.R.2    van Sluijs, F.J.3    Rijnberk, A.4    Rothuizen, J.5
  • 166
    • 0025367067 scopus 로고
    • Two genetically defined trans-acting loci coordinately regulate overlapping sets of liver specific genes
    • Ruppert S, Boshart M, Bosch FX, SchmidW, Fournier RE & Schutz G 1990 Two genetically defined trans-acting loci coordinately regulate overlapping sets of liver specific genes. Cell 61 895-904.
    • (1990) Cell , vol.61 , pp. 895-904
    • Ruppert, S.1    Boshart, M.2    Bosch, F.X.3    Schmid, W.4    Fournier, R.E.5    Schutz, G.6
  • 168
    • 0014966171 scopus 로고
    • Relation of steroid structure to enzyme induction in Hepatoma tissue culture cells
    • Samuels HH & Tomkins GM 1970 Relation of steroid structure to enzyme induction in Hepatoma tissue culture cells. Journal of Molecular Biology 52 57-74.
    • (1970) Journal of Molecular Biology , vol.52 , pp. 57-74
    • Samuels, H.H.1    Tomkins, G.M.2
  • 169
    • 0034914232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Divergent immune responses in male and female mice after trauma-haemorrhage: dimorphic alterations in T lymphocyte steroidogenic enzyme activities
    • Samy TSA, Knoferl MW, Zheng R, Schwacha MG, Bland KI & Chaudry IH 2001 Divergent immune responses in male and female mice after trauma-haemorrhage: dimorphic alterations in T lymphocyte steroidogenic enzyme activities. Endocrinology 142 3519-3529.
    • (2001) Endocrinology , vol.142 , pp. 3519-3529
    • Samy, T.S.A.1    Knoferl, M.W.2    Zheng, R.3    Schwacha, M.G.4    Bland, K.I.5    Chaudry, I.H.6
  • 170
    • 0031794407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predominance of type I 5 alphareductase in apocrine sweat glands of patients with excessive or abnormal odour derived from apocrine sweat (osmidrosis)
    • Sato T, Sonoda T, Itami S & Takayasu S 1998 Predominance of type I 5 alphareductase in apocrine sweat glands of patients with excessive or abnormal odour derived from apocrine sweat (osmidrosis). British Journal of Dermatology 139 806-810.
    • (1998) British Journal of Dermatology , vol.139 , pp. 806-810
    • Sato, T.1    Sonoda, T.2    Itami, S.3    Takayasu, S.4
  • 171
    • 84867757596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different levels of 5 alpha-reductase type I and II, aromatase, and androgen receptor in hair follicles of women and men with androgenetic alopecia
    • Sawaya ME & Price VH 1997 Different levels of 5 alpha-reductase type I and II, aromatase, and androgen receptor in hair follicles of women and men with androgenetic alopecia. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 109 295-300.
    • (1997) Journal of Investigative Dermatology , vol.109 , pp. 295-300
    • Sawaya, M.E.1    Price, V.H.2
  • 172
    • 0347719371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociation of transactivation from transrepression by a selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist leads to separation of therapeutic effects from side effects
    • Schake H, Schottelius A, Docke W-D, Strehike P, Jaroch S, Schmees N, Rehwinkel H, Hennekes H & Asadullah K 2004 Dissociation of transactivation from transrepression by a selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist leads to separation of therapeutic effects from side effects. PNAS 101 227-232.
    • (2004) PNAS , vol.101 , pp. 227-232
    • Schake, H.1    Schottelius, A.2    Docke, W.-D.3    Strehike, P.4    Jaroch, S.5    Schmees, N.6    Rehwinkel, H.7    Hennekes, H.8    Asadullah, K.9
  • 173
    • 0014027114 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the biosynthesis of 5α-cholestan-3b-ol I. Cholestenone 5α-reductase of rat liver
    • Schefer S, Hauser S & Mosbach EF 1966 Studies on the biosynthesis of 5α-cholestan-3b-ol I. Cholestenone 5α-reductase of rat liver. Journal of Biological Chemistry 241 946-952.
    • (1966) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.241 , pp. 946-952
    • Schefer, S.1    Hauser, S.2    Mosbach, E.F.3
  • 174
    • 0005259749 scopus 로고
    • Conversion of desoxycorticosterone to four allopregnane metabolites by rat liver in vitro
    • Schneider JJ 1952 Conversion of desoxycorticosterone to four allopregnane metabolites by rat liver in vitro. Journal of Biological Chemistry 199 235-244.
    • (1952) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.199 , pp. 235-244
    • Schneider, J.J.1
  • 175
    • 0001354498 scopus 로고
    • Effects of incubating desoxycorticosterone with various rat tissues
    • Schneider JJ & Horstmann PM 1951 Effects of incubating desoxycorticosterone with various rat tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry 191 327-338.
    • (1951) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.191 , pp. 327-338
    • Schneider, J.J.1    Horstmann, P.M.2
  • 177
    • 0020316778 scopus 로고
    • Testosterone metabolism by proximal and distal regions of the vas deferens from immature and mature rats
    • Seethalakshmi L, Rodriguezrigau LJ & Steinberger A 1982 Testosterone metabolism by proximal and distal regions of the vas deferens from immature and mature rats. Biology of Reproduction 26 584-590.
    • (1982) Biology of Reproduction , vol.26 , pp. 584-590
    • Seethalakshmi, L.1    Rodriguezrigau, L.J.2    Steinberger, A.3
  • 178
    • 0018196057 scopus 로고
    • New mineralocorticoids:5adihydroaldosterone and 5α-dihydro-11-deoxycorticosterone
    • Sekihara H, Island DP & Liddle GW 1978 New mineralocorticoids:5adihydroaldosterone and 5α-dihydro-11-deoxycorticosterone. Endocrinology 103 1450-1452.
    • (1978) Endocrinology , vol.103 , pp. 1450-1452
    • Sekihara, H.1    Island, D.P.2    Liddle, G.W.3
  • 179
    • 70349909669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of steroid 5-alpha reductase type 2 (Srd5a2) by sterol regulatory element binding proteins and statin
    • Seo YK, Zhu B, Jeon TI & Osborne TF 2009 Regulation of steroid 5-alpha reductase type 2 (Srd5a2) by sterol regulatory element binding proteins and statin. Experimental Cell Research 315 3133-3139.
    • (2009) Experimental Cell Research , vol.315 , pp. 3133-3139
    • Seo, Y.K.1    Zhu, B.2    Jeon, T.I.3    Osborne, T.F.4
  • 181
    • 0023761563 scopus 로고
    • Testicular steroid metabolism during development in the normal and hypogonadal mouse
    • Sheffield JW & O'Shaughnessy PJ 1988 Testicular steroid metabolism during development in the normal and hypogonadal mouse. Journal of Endocrinology 119 257-264.
    • (1988) Journal of Endocrinology , vol.119 , pp. 257-264
    • Sheffield, J.W.1    O'Shaughnessy, P.J.2
  • 183
    • 0347986651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Messenger RNA levels and enzyme activities of 5 alpha-reductase types 1 and 2 in human benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissue
    • Shirakawa T, Okada H, Acharya B, Zhang ZJ, Hinata N, Wada Y, Uji T, Kamidono S & Gotoh A 2004 Messenger RNA levels and enzyme activities of 5 alpha-reductase types 1 and 2 in human benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissue. Prostate 58 33-40.
    • (2004) Prostate , vol.58 , pp. 33-40
    • Shirakawa, T.1    Okada, H.2    Acharya, B.3    Zhang, Z.J.4    Hinata, N.5    Wada, Y.6    Uji, T.7    Kamidono, S.8    Gotoh, A.9
  • 184
    • 1442351143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coregulator function: a key to understanding tissue specificity of selective receptor modulators
    • Smith CL & O'Malley BW 2004 Coregulator function: a key to understanding tissue specificity of selective receptor modulators. Endocrine Reviews 25 45-71.
    • (2004) Endocrine Reviews , vol.25 , pp. 45-71
    • Smith, C.L.1    O'Malley, B.W.2
  • 189
    • 3442876736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of oral glucocorticoids and risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease in a population-based case-control study
    • Souverein PC, Berard A, van Staa TP, Cooper C, Leufkens HGM & Walker BR 2004 Use of oral glucocorticoids and risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease in a population-based case-control study. Heart 90 859-865.
    • (2004) Heart , vol.90 , pp. 859-865
    • Souverein, P.C.1    Berard, A.2    van Staa, T.P.3    Cooper, C.4    Leufkens, H.G.M.5    Walker, B.R.6
  • 190
    • 0036820983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis: a metaanalysis
    • van Staa TP, Leufkens HGM & Cooper C 2011 The epidemiology of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis: a metaanalysis. Osteoporosis International 13 777-787.
    • (2011) Osteoporosis International , vol.13 , pp. 777-787
    • van Staa, T.P.1    Leufkens, H.G.M.2    Cooper, C.3
  • 192
    • 1642305724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human cytosolic 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily display significant 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity -implications for steroid hormone metabolism and action
    • Steckelbroeck S, Jin Y, Gopishetty S, Ovesanmi B & Penning TM 2004 Human cytosolic 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily display significant 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity -implications for steroid hormone metabolism and action. Journal of Biological Chemistry 279 10784-10795.
    • (2004) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.279 , pp. 10784-10795
    • Steckelbroeck, S.1    Jin, Y.2    Gopishetty, S.3    Ovesanmi, B.4    Penning, T.M.5
  • 195
    • 0033622151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of 5 alpha-reductase and 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase in the hippocampus of patients with chronic temporal lobe epilepsy
    • Stoffel-Wagner B, Beyenburg S,Watzka M, BluEmcke I, Bauer J, Schramm J, Bidlingmaier F & Elger CE 2000 Expression of 5 alpha-reductase and 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase in the hippocampus of patients with chronic temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia 41 140-147.
    • (2000) Epilepsia , vol.41 , pp. 140-147
    • Stoffel-Wagner, B.1    Beyenburg, S.2    Watzka, M.3    Bluemcke, I.4    Bauer, J.5    Schramm, J.6    Bidlingmaier, F.7    Elger, C.E.8
  • 199
    • 21344470386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isoenzyme type 1 of 5alpha-reductase is abundantly transcribed in normal human genital skin fibroblasts and may play an important role in masculinization of 5alpha-reductase type 2 deficient males
    • Thiele S, Hoppe U, Holterhus PM & Hiort O 2005 Isoenzyme type 1 of 5alpha-reductase is abundantly transcribed in normal human genital skin fibroblasts and may play an important role in masculinization of 5alpha-reductase type 2 deficient males. European Journal of Endocrinology 152 875-880.
    • (2005) European Journal of Endocrinology , vol.152 , pp. 875-880
    • Thiele, S.1    Hoppe, U.2    Holterhus, P.M.3    Hiort, O.4
  • 200
    • 0027248515 scopus 로고
    • Characterisation of Chinese Hamster Ovary cell lines expressing human steroid 5α-reductase isozymes
    • Thigpen AE, Cala KM & Russell DW 1993a Characterisation of Chinese Hamster Ovary cell lines expressing human steroid 5α-reductase isozymes. Journal of Biological Chemistry 268 17404-17412.
    • (1993) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.268 , pp. 17404-17412
    • Thigpen, A.E.1    Cala, K.M.2    Russell, D.W.3
  • 202
    • 84856970127 scopus 로고
    • The enzymatic reduction of D4-3-ketosteroids
    • Tomkins GM 1956 The enzymatic reduction of D4-3-ketosteroids. Journal of Biological Chemistry 225 13-24.
    • (1956) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.225 , pp. 13-24
    • Tomkins, G.M.1
  • 203
    • 48249143656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced glucocorticoid production rate, decreased 5α-reductase activity and adipose tissue insulin sensitization following weight loss
    • Tomlinson JW, Finney J, Hughes BA, Hughes S & Stewart PM 2008 Reduced glucocorticoid production rate, decreased 5α-reductase activity and adipose tissue insulin sensitization following weight loss. Diabetes 57 1536-1543.
    • (2008) Diabetes , vol.57 , pp. 1536-1543
    • Tomlinson, J.W.1    Finney, J.2    Hughes, B.A.3    Hughes, S.4    Stewart, P.M.5
  • 204
    • 33646121282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steroid 5 alpha-reductase isozymes in the adult female rat brain: central role of dihydrotestosterone
    • Torres JM & Ortega E 2006 Steroid 5 alpha-reductase isozymes in the adult female rat brain: central role of dihydrotestosterone. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 36 239-245.
    • (2006) Journal of Molecular Endocrinology , vol.36 , pp. 239-245
    • Torres, J.M.1    Ortega, E.2
  • 205
    • 0347362865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered cortisol metabolism in polycystic ovary syndrome: insulin enhances 5α-reduction but not the elevated adrenal steroid production rates
    • Tsilchorozidou T, Honour JW & Conway GS 2003 Altered cortisol metabolism in polycystic ovary syndrome: insulin enhances 5α-reduction but not the elevated adrenal steroid production rates. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 88 5907-5913.
    • (2003) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.88 , pp. 5907-5913
    • Tsilchorozidou, T.1    Honour, J.W.2    Conway, G.S.3
  • 207
    • 36949000088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel 5α-steroid reductase (SRD5A3, type 3) is overexpressed in hormone refractory prostate cancer
    • Uemura M, Tamura K, Chung S, Honma S, Okuyama A, Nakamura Y & Nakagawa H 2008 Novel 5α-steroid reductase (SRD5A3, type 3) is overexpressed in hormone refractory prostate cancer. Cancer Science 99 81-86.
    • (2008) Cancer Science , vol.99 , pp. 81-86
    • Uemura, M.1    Tamura, K.2    Chung, S.3    Honma, S.4    Okuyama, A.5    Nakamura, Y.6    Nakagawa, H.7
  • 209
    • 33744503400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relevance of endogenous 3alpha-reduced neurosteroids to depression and antidepressant action
    • Uzunova V, Sampson L & Uzunov DP 2006 Relevance of endogenous 3alpha-reduced neurosteroids to depression and antidepressant action. Psychopharmacology 186 351-361.
    • (2006) Psychopharmacology , vol.186 , pp. 351-361
    • Uzunova, V.1    Sampson, L.2    Uzunov, D.P.3
  • 210
    • 0010588805 scopus 로고
    • The determination of cortisol and corticosterone production rates by an isotope dilution method
    • Van der Straeten M, Vermeulen A & Orie N 1963 The determination of cortisol and corticosterone production rates by an isotope dilution method. Acta Endocrinologica 43 430-438.
    • (1963) Acta Endocrinologica , vol.43 , pp. 430-438
    • Van der Straeten, M.1    Vermeulen, A.2    Orie, N.3
  • 211
    • 0028203806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunocytochemical localization of 4-ene steroid 5-alpha reductase type 1 along the rat epididymis during postnatal development
    • Viger RS & Robaire B 2011 Immunocytochemical localization of 4-ene steroid 5-alpha reductase type 1 along the rat epididymis during postnatal development. Endocrinology 134 2298-2306.
    • (2011) Endocrinology , vol.134 , pp. 2298-2306
    • Viger, R.S.1    Robaire, B.2
  • 212
    • 0029954339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TIF2, a 160 kDa transcriptional mediator for the ligand-dependent activation function AF-2 of nuclear receptors
    • Voegel JJ, Heine MJS, Zechel C, Chambon P & Gronemeyer H 1996 TIF2, a 160 kDa transcriptional mediator for the ligand-dependent activation function AF-2 of nuclear receptors. EMBO Journal 15 3667-3675.
    • (1996) EMBO Journal , vol.15 , pp. 3667-3675
    • Voegel, J.J.1    Heine, M.J.S.2    Zechel, C.3    Chambon, P.4    Gronemeyer, H.5
  • 215
    • 0016304673 scopus 로고
    • Familial incomplete male pseudohermaphroditism, type 2. Decreased dihydrotestosterone formation in pseudovaginal perineoscrotal hypospadias
    • Walsh PC, Madden JD, Harrod MJ, Goldstein JL, MacDonald PC & Wilson JD 1974 Familial incomplete male pseudohermaphroditism, type 2. Decreased dihydrotestosterone formation in pseudovaginal perineoscrotal hypospadias. New England Journal of Medicine 291 944-949.
    • (1974) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.291 , pp. 944-949
    • Walsh, P.C.1    Madden, J.D.2    Harrod, M.J.3    Goldstein, J.L.4    MacDonald, P.C.5    Wilson, J.D.6
  • 216
    • 0033021395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sitedirected mutagenesis studies of the NADPH-binding domain of rat steroid 5α-reductase (isozyme-1) I: analysis of aromatic and hydroxylated amino acid residues
    • Wang M, Bhattacharyya AK, Taylor MF, Tai HH & Collins DC 1999 Sitedirected mutagenesis studies of the NADPH-binding domain of rat steroid 5α-reductase (isozyme-1) I: analysis of aromatic and hydroxylated amino acid residues. Steroids 64 356-362.
    • (1999) Steroids , vol.64 , pp. 356-362
    • Wang, M.1    Bhattacharyya, A.K.2    Taylor, M.F.3    Tai, H.H.4    Collins, D.C.5
  • 217
    • 19644401171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Taking glucocorticoids by prescription is associated with subsequent cardiovascular disease
    • Wei L, MacDonald TM & Walker BR 2004 Taking glucocorticoids by prescription is associated with subsequent cardiovascular disease. Annals of Internal Medicine 141 764-770.
    • (2004) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.141 , pp. 764-770
    • Wei, L.1    MacDonald, T.M.2    Walker, B.R.3
  • 218
    • 0020601316 scopus 로고
    • Potentiation of glucocorticoid activity by 5β-dihydrocortisol: its role in glaucoma
    • Weinstein BI, Gordon GG & Southren AL 1983 Potentiation of glucocorticoid activity by 5β-dihydrocortisol: its role in glaucoma. Science 222 172-173.
    • (1983) Science , vol.222 , pp. 172-173
    • Weinstein, B.I.1    Gordon, G.G.2    Southren, A.L.3
  • 221
    • 0034651239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 4-pregnene and 5 alpha-pregnane progesterone metabolites formed in nontumorous and tumorous breast tissue have opposite effects on breast cell proliferation and adhesion
    • Wiebe JP, Muzia D, Hu JC, Szwajcer D, Hill SA & Seachrist JL 2000 The 4-pregnene and 5 alpha-pregnane progesterone metabolites formed in nontumorous and tumorous breast tissue have opposite effects on breast cell proliferation and adhesion. Cancer Research 60 936-943.
    • (2000) Cancer Research , vol.60 , pp. 936-943
    • Wiebe, J.P.1    Muzia, D.2    Hu, J.C.3    Szwajcer, D.4    Hill, S.A.5    Seachrist, J.L.6
  • 224
    • 84919787382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human type 3 5α-reductase is expressed in peripheral tissues at higher levels than types 1 and 2 and its activity is potently inhibited by finasteride and dutasteride
    • Yamana K, Labrie F & Luu-The V 2010 Human type 3 5α-reductase is expressed in peripheral tissues at higher levels than types 1 and 2 and its activity is potently inhibited by finasteride and dutasteride. Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation 2 293-299.
    • (2010) Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation , vol.2 , pp. 293-299
    • Yamana, K.1    Labrie, F.2    Luu-The, V.3
  • 227
    • 0031593903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steroid 5alpha-reductase type 1 immunolocalized in the rat peripheral nervous system and paraganglia
    • Yokoi H, Tsuruo Y & Ishimura K 1998a Steroid 5alpha-reductase type 1 immunolocalized in the rat peripheral nervous system and paraganglia. Histochemical Journal 30 731-739.
    • (1998) Histochemical Journal , vol.30 , pp. 731-739
    • Yokoi, H.1    Tsuruo, Y.2    Ishimura, K.3
  • 228
    • 0031884642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steroid 5alphareductase type 1 immunolocalized in the adrenal gland of normal, gonadectomized, and sex hormone-supplemented rats
    • Yokoi H, Tsuruo Y, Miyamoto T & Ishimura K 1998b Steroid 5alphareductase type 1 immunolocalized in the adrenal gland of normal, gonadectomized, and sex hormone-supplemented rats. Histochemistry 109 127-134.
    • (1998) Histochemistry , vol.109 , pp. 127-134
    • Yokoi, H.1    Tsuruo, Y.2    Miyamoto, T.3    Ishimura, K.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.