The General Factor of Personality: A meta-analysis of Big Five intercorrelations and a criterion-related validity study

Journal of Research in Personality

Volumn 44, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 315-327

  van der Linden, Dimitri ^a,c   te Nijenhuis, Jan ^b   Bakker, Arnold B ^a  

^a ERASMUS UNIVERSITY ROTTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^b UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^c RADBOUD UNIVERSITY NIJMEGEN   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Big Five; General Factor of Personality; Job performance; Meta analysis

Indexed keywords

EID: 77953359337     PISSN: 00926566     EISSN: 10957251     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2010.03.003     Document Type: Article

References (200)

1. *Abe J.A.A. The predictive validity of the Five-Factor Model of personality with preschool age children: A nine year follow-up study. Journal of Research in Personality 2005, 39:423-442.
2. *Adler J.M., Wagner J.W., McAdams D.P. Personality and the coherence of psychotherapy narratives. Journal of Research in Personality 2007, 41:1179-1198.
3. *Anderson C., Spataro S.E., Flynn F.J. Personality and organizational culture as determinants of influence. Journal of Applied Psychology 2008, 93:702-710.
4. *Antonioni D., Park H. The effects of personality similarity on peer ratings of contextual work behaviors. Personnel Psychology 2001, 54:331-360.
5. *Asendorf J.B., Aken van M.A.G. Validity of Big Five Personality judgments in childhood: A 9-year longitudinal study. European Journal of Personality 2002, 17:1-17.
6. *Asendorf J.B., Aken van M.A.G. Personality-relationship transaction in adolescence: Core versus surface personality characteristics. Journal of Personality 2003, 71:629-666.
7. *Austin E.J., Deary I.J., Gibson G.J. Relationships between personality and ability: Three hypotheses tested. Intelligence 1997, 25:49-70.
8. *Austin E.J., Dore T.C.P., O'Donovan K. Associations of personality and emotional intelligence with display rule perceptions and emotional labour. Personality and Individual Differences 2007, 44:679-688.
9. *Aziz S., Jackson C.J. A comparison between Three and Five-Factor Model of Pakistani personality data. Personality and Individual Difference 2001, 31:1311-1319.
10. *Barbaranelli C., Fida R., Paciello M., Giunta Di L., Caprara G.V. Assessing personality in early adolescence through self-report and other-ratings a multitrait-multimethod analysis of the BFQ-C. Personality and Individual Difference 2008, 44:876-886.
11. *Barrick M.R., Mount M.K. Autonomy as a moderator of the relationships between the Big Five personality dimensions and job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology 1993, 78:111-118.
12. *Barrick M.R., Parks L., Mount M.K. Self-monitoring as a moderator of the relationships between personality traits and performance. Personnel Psychology 2005, 58:745-767.
13. *Barrick M.R., Stewart G.L., Piotrowski M. Personality and job performance: Test of the mediating effects of motivation among sales representatives. Journal of Applied Psychology 2002, 87:43-51.
14. *Bastian V.A., Burns N.R., Nettelbeck T. Emotional intelligence predicts life skills, but not as well as personality and cognitive abilities. Personality and Individual Differences 2005, 39:1135-1145.
15. *Beauducel A., Liepmann D., Felfe J., Nettelnstroth W. The impact of different measurement models for fluid and crystallized intelligence on the correlation with personality traits. European Journal of Psychological Assessment 2007, 23:71-78.
16. *Becker P. Beyond the Big Five. Personality and Individual Differences 1999, 26:511-530.
17. *Beer A., Watson D. Asymmetry in judgments of personality: Others are less differential than the self. Journal of Personality 2008, 76:535-560.
18. *Berg van den P.T., Pitariu H. The relationship between personality and well-being during societal change. Personality and Individual Differences 2005, 39:229-234.
19. *Berry C.M., Page R.C., Sackett P.R. Effects of self-deceptive enhancement on personality-job performance relationships. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 2007, 15:94-109.
20. *Biesanz J.C., West S.G. Towards understanding assessments of the Big Five: Multitrait-multimethod analyses of convergent and discriminant validity across measurement occasion and type of observer. Journal of Personality 2004, 72:845-876.
21. *Bilalic M., McLeod P., Gobet F. Personality profiles of young chess players. Personality and Individuals Differences 2007, 42:901-910.
22. *Bipp T., Steinmayr R., Spinath B. Personality and achievement motivation: Relationship among Big Five domain and facet scales, achievement goals, and intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences 2008, 44:1454-1464.
23. *Blackburn R., Logan C., Renwick S.J.D., Donnelly J.P. Higher-order dimensions of personality disorder: Hierarchical structure and relationships with the Five-Factor Model, the interpersonal circle, and psychopathy. Journal of Personality Disorders 2005, 19:597-623.
24. *Blackburn R., Renwick S.J.D., Donelly J.P., Logan C. Big Five or Big Two? Superordinate factors in the NEO Five Factor Inventory and the Antisocial Personality Questionnaire. Personality and Individual Differences 2004, 37:957-970.
25. *Boswell W.R., Roehling M.V., Boudreau J.W. The role of personality, situational, and demographic variables in predicting job search among European managers. Personality and Individual Differences 2006, 40:783-794.
26. *Bouchard G., Arseneault J.E. Length of union as a moderator of the relationship between personality and dyadic adjustment. Personality and Individual Differences 2005, 39:1407-1417.
27. *Boudreau J.W., Boswell W.R., Judge T.A., Bretz R.D. Personality and cognitive ability as predictors of job search among employed managers. Personnel Psychology 2001, 54:25-50.
28. *Bratko D., Chamorro-Premuzic T., Saks Z. Personality and school performance: Incremental validity of self- and peer-ratings over intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences 2006, 41:131-142.
29. *Burke R.J., Matthiesen S.B., Pallesen S. Personality correlates of workaholism. Personality and Individual Differences 2006, 40:1223-1233.
30. *Byrne J.C., Dominick P.G., Smither J.W., Reilly R.R. Examination of the discriminant, convergent, and criterion-related validity of self-ratings on the Emotional Competence Inventory. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 2007, 15:341-353.
31. *Chamorro-Premuzic T., Ahmetoglu G., Furnham A. Little more than personality: Dispositional determinants of test anxiety (the Big Five, score self-evaluations, and self-assessed intelligence). Learning and Individual Differences 2008, 18:258-263.
32. *Chamorro-Premuzic T., Bennett E., Furnham A. The happy personality: Mediational role of trait emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences 2007, 42:1633-1639.
33. *Chamorro-Premuzic T., Furnham A. Personality, intelligence and approaches to learning as predictors of academic performance. Personality and Individual Differences 2008, 44:1596-1603.
34. *Chamorro-Premuzic T., Furnham A., Ackerman P.L. Ability and personality correlates of general knowledge. Personality and Individual Differences 2006, 41:419-429.
35. *Chamorro-Premuzic T., Furnham A., Dissou G., Heaven P. Personality and preference for academic assessment: A study with Australian University students. Learning and Individual Differences 2005, 15:247-256.
36. *Chamorro-Premuzic T., Furnham A., Lewis M. Personality and approaches to learning predict preference for different teaching methods. Learning and Individual Differences 2007, 17:241-250.
37. *Chan K.Y., Drasgow F. Towards a theory of individual differences and leadership: Understanding the motivation to lead. Journal of Applied Psychology 2001, 86:481-498.
38. *Chien L.L., Ko H.C., Wu J.Y.W. The Five-Factor Model of personality and depressive symptoms: One-year follow-up. Personality and Individual Differences 2007, 43:1013-2023.
39. *Clark L.A., Kochanska G., Ready R. Mothers' personality and its interaction with child temperament as predictors of parenting behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2000, 79:274-285.
40. *Cole M.S., Field H.S., Giles W.F. Using recruiter assessments of applicants' resume content to predict applicant mental ability and Big Five personality dimensions. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 2003, 11:78-88.
41. *Conard M.A. Aptitude is not enough: How personality and behavior predict academic performance. Journal of Research in Psychology 2006, 40:339-346.
42. *Converse P.D., Oswald F.L., Imus A., Hedricks C., Roy R., Butera H. Comparing personality test formats and warnings: Effects on criterion-related validity and test-taker reactions. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 2008, 16:155-169.
43. *Cook D.B., Casillas A., Robbins S.B., Dougherty L.M. Goal continuity and the 'Big Five' as predictors of older adult martial adjustment. Personality and Individual Differences 2005, 38:519-531.
44. *Costa P.T., McCrae R.R., Dye D.A. Facet scales for agreeableness and conscientiousness: A revision of the NEO Personality Inventory. Personality and Individual Differences 1991, 12:887-898.
45. *Cullen J.M., Sackett P.R., Lievens F. Threats to the operational use of situational judgment tests in the college admission process. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 2006, 14:142-155.
46. *Dahlen E.R., White R.P. The Big Five factors, sensation seeking, and driving anger in the prediction of unsafe driving. Personality and Individual Differences 2006, 41:903-915.
47. *Dean M.A., Conte J.M., Blankenhorn T.R. Examination of the predictive validity of Big Five personality dimensions across training performance criteria. Personality and Individual Differences 2006, 41:1229-1239.
48. *Demetriou A., Kyriakides L., Avraamidou C. The missing link in the relations between intelligence and personality. Journal of Research in Personality 2003, 37:547-581.
49. *DeYoung C.G. Higher-order factors of the Big Five in a multi-informant sample. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2006, 91:1138-1151.
50. *DeYoung C.G., Peterson J.B., Higgins D.M. Higher-order factors of the Big Five predict conformity: Are there neuroses of health?. Personality and Individual Differences 2002, 33:533-552.
51. *DeYoung C.G., Quilty L.C., Peterson J.B. Between facets and domains: 10 aspects of the Big Five. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2007, 93:880-896.
52. *Di Fabio A., Busoni L. Fluid intelligence, personality traits and scholastic success: Empirical evidence in a sample of Italian high school students. Personality and Individual Differences 2007, 43:2095-2104.
53. *Digman J.M. Higher-order factors of the Big Five. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1997, 73:1246-1256.
54. *Donnellan M.B., Conger R.D., Bryant C.M. The Big Five and enduring marriages. Journal of Research in Personality 2004, 38:481-504.
55. *Donnellan M.B., Oswald F.L., Baird B.M., Lucas R.E. The Mini-IPIP scales: Tiny-yet-effective measures of the Big Five factors of personality. Psychological Assessment 2006, 18:192-203.
56. *Duff A., Boyle E., Dunleavy K., Ferguson J. The relationship between personality, approach to learning and academic performance. Personality and Individual Differences 2004, 36:190-1920.
57. *Egan V., Deary I., Austin E. The NEO-FFI: Emerging British norms and an item-level analysis suggest N, A and C are more reliable than O and E. Personality and Individual Differences 2000, 29:907-920.
58. *Farside T., Woodfield R. Individual differences and undergraduate academic success: The roles of personality, intelligence, and application. Personality and Individual Differences 2003, 34:1225-1243.
59. *Ferris G.R., Witt L.A., Hochwarter W.A. Interaction of social skill and General Mental Ability on job performance and salary. Journal of Applied Psychology 2001, 86:1075-1082.
60. *Fruyt De F., Aluja A., Garcia L.F., Rolland J.P., Jung S.C. Positive presentation management and intelligence and the personality differentiation by intelligence hypothesis in job applicants. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 2006, 14:101-112.
61. *Furnham A., Batey M., Anand K., Manfield J. Personality, hypomania, intelligence and creativity. Personality and Individual Differences 2008, 44:1060-1069.
62. *Furnham A., Chamorro-Premuzic T. Personality, intelligence, and art. Personality and Individual Differences 2004, 36:705-715.
63. *Furnham A., Christopher A.N., Garwood J., Martin G.N. Approaches to learning and the acquisition of general knowledge. Personality and Individual Differences 2007, 43:1563-1571.
64. *Furnham A., Rawles R., Iqbal S. Personality, intelligence and proof-reading. Personality and Individual Differences 2006, 41:1457-1467.
65. *Gallagher E.N., Vella-Brodrick D.A. Social support and emotional intelligence as predictors of subjective well-being. Personality and Individual Differences 2008, 44:1551-1561.
66. *Gannon N., Ranyijn R. Does emotional intelligence predict unique variance in life satisfaction beyond IQ and personality?. Personality and Individual Differences 2005, 38:1353-1364.
67. *Goff M., Ackerman P.L. Personality-intelligence relations: Assessment of typical intellectual engagement. Journal of Educational Psychology 1992, 84:537-552.
68. *Goldberg L.R. The development of markers for the Big-Five factor structure. Psychological Assessment 1992, 4:26-42.
69. *Gow A.J., Whiteman M.C., Pattie A., Deary I.J. The personality-intelligence interface: Insights from an ageing cohort. Personality and Individual Differences 2005, 39:751-761.
70. *Gow A.J., Whiteman M.C., Pattie A., Deary I.J. Goldberg's 'IPIP' Big-Five factor markers: Internal consistency and concurrent validation in Scotland. Personality and Individual Differences 2005, 39:317-329.
71. *Gramzow R.H., Sedikides C., Panter A.T., Sathy V., Harris J., Inski C.A. Patterns of self-regulation and the Big Five. European Journal of Personality 2004, 18:367-385.
72. *Grant S., Langan-Fox J. Personality and the occupational stressor-strain relationship: The role of the Big Five. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 2007, 12:20-33.
73. *Graziano W.G., Tobin R.M. Agreeableness: Dimension of personality of social desirability artifact?. Journal of Personality 2002, 70:695-727.
74. *Greven C., Chamorro-Premuzic T., Arteche A., Furnham A. A hierarchical integration of dispositional determinants of general health in students: The Big Five, trait Emotional Intelligence and humour styles. Personality and Individual Differences 2008, 44:1562-1573.
75. *Grumm M., Collani von G. Measuring Big-Five personality dimensions with the implicit association test: Implicit personality traits or self-esteem?. Personality and Individual Differences 2007, 43:2205-2217.
76. *Hampson S.E., Andrews J.A., Barckley M., Peterson M. Trait stability and continuity in childhood: Relating sociability and hostility to the Five-Factor Model of personality. Journal of Research in Personality 2007, 41:507-523.
77. *Hausenblas H.A., Giacobbi P.R. Relationship between exercise dependence symptoms and personality. Personality and Individual Differences 2004, 36:1265-1273.
78. *Heaven P.C.L., Fitzpatrick J., Craig F.L., Kelly P., Sebar G. Five personality factors and sex: Preliminary findings. Personality and Individual Differences 2000, 28:1133-1141.
79. *Heggestad E.D., Morrison M., Reeve C.L., McCloy R.A. Forced-choice assessments of personality for selection: Evaluating issues of normative assessment and faking resistance. Journal of Applied Psychology 2006, 91:9-24.
80. *Heinsman H., Hoogh de A.H.B., Koopman P.L., Muijen van J.J. Competencies through the eyes of psychologists: A closer look at assessing competencies. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 2007, 15:412-427.
81. *Higgins D.M., Peterson J.B., Pihl R.O., Lee A.G.M. Prefontal cognitive ability, intelligence, Big Five personality, and the prediction of advanced academic and workplace performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2007, 93:298-319.
82. *Hogan J., Barrett P., Hogan R. Personality measurement, faking, and employment selection. Journal of Applied Psychology 2007, 92:1270-1285.
83. *Hong R.Y., Paunonen S.V., Slade H.P. Big Five personality factors and the prediction of behavior: A multitrait-multimethod approach. Personality and Individual Differences 2008, 45:160-166.
84. *Hunthausen J.M., Truxillo D.M., Bauer T.N., Hammer L.B. A field study of frame-of-reference effects on personality test validity. Journal of Applied Psychology 2003, 88:545-551.
85. *Ingledew D.K., Markland D., Sheppard K.E. Personality and self-determination of exercise behaviour. Personality and Individual Differences 2004, 36:1921-1932.
86. *Jackson C.L., Colquitt J.A., Wesson M.J., Zapata-Phelan C.P. Psychological collectivism: A measurement validation and group member performance. Journal of Applied Psychology 2006, 91:884-899.
87. *Jackson C.L., LePine J.A. Peer response to team's weakest Link: A test and extension of LePine and Van Dyne's model. Journal of Applied Psychology 2003, 88:459-475.
88. *Jakobwitz S., Egan V. The dark triad and normal personality traits. Personality and Individual Difference 2006, 40:331-339.
89. *Judge T.A., Bono J.E. Five-Factor model of personality and transformational leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology 2000, 85:751-765.
90. *Judge T.A., Heller D., Klinger R. The dispositional source of job satisfaction: A comparative test. Applied Psychology: An International Review 2008, 57:361-372.
91. *Judge T.A., Heller D., Mount M.K. Five-Factor Model of personality and job satisfaction: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology 2002, 87:530-541.
92. *Judge T.A., LePine J.A., Rich B.L. Loving yourself abundantly: Relationship of the narcissistic personality to self- and other perceptions of workplace deviance, leadership, and task and contextual performance. Journal of Applied Psychology 2006, 91:762-776.
93. *Kim H.J., Shin K.H., Umbreit W.T. Hotel job burnout: The role of personality characteristics. Hospitality Management 2007, 26:421-434.
94. *King K.C., Ryff C.D., Love G., Essex M. Exploring the influence of personality on depression symptoms and self-esteem across a significant life transition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2003, 85:932-992.
95. *Knyazev G.G., Bocharov A.V., Slobodskaya H.R., Ryabichenko T.I. Personality-linked biases in perception of emotional facial expressions. Personality and Individual Differences 2008, 44:1093-1104.
96. *Kwapil T.R., Wrobel M.J., Pope C.A. The Five-Factor personality structure of dissociative experience. Personality and Individual Differences 2002, 32:431-443.
97. *Law K.S., Wong C.S., Song L.J. The construct and criterion validity of emotional intelligence and its potential utility for management studies. Journal of Applied Psychology 2004, 89:483-496.
98. *Lee K., Ashton M.C., Shin K.H. Personality correlates of workplace anti-social behavior. Applied Psychology: An international Review 2005, 54:81-89.
99. *Lee K., Ogunfowora B., Ashton M.C. Personality traits beyond the Big Five: Are they within the HEXACON space?. Journal of Personality 2005, 73:1437-1463.
100. *LePine J.A., Dyne Van L. Voice and cooperative behaviour as contrasting forms of contextual performance: Evidence of differential relationships with Big Five personality characteristics and cognitive ability. Journal of Applied Psychology 2001, 86:326-336.
101. *Lievens F., Coetsier P. Situational tests in student selection: An examination of predictive validity, adverse impact, and construct validity. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 2002, 10:245-257.
102. *Lievens F., Decaesteker C., Coetsier P., Geirnaert J. Organizational attractiveness for prospective applicants: A person-organization fit perspective. Applied Psychology: An International Review 2001, 50:30-51.
103. *Lieviens F., Corte De W., Schollaert E. A closer look at the frame-of-reference effect in personality scale scores and validity. Journal of Applied Psychology 2008, 93:268-279.
104. *Lieviens F., Harris M.M., Keer Van E., Bisqueret C. Predicting cross-cultural training performance: The validity of personality, cognitive ability, and dimensions measured by an assessment center and a behavior description interview. Journal of Applied Psychology 2003, 88:476-489.
105. *Lim B.C., Ployhart R.E. Transformational leadership: Relations to the Five-Factor Model and team performance in typical and maximum context. Journal of Applied Psychology 2004, 89:610-621.
106. *Loundsbury J.W., Welsh D.P., Gibson L.W., Sundstorm E. Broad and narrow personality traits in relation to cognitive ability in adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences 2005, 38:1009-1019.
107. *Lounsbury J.W., Sundstorm E., Loveland J.M., Gibson L.W. Intelligence, 'Big Five' personality traits, and work drive as predictors of course grade. Personality and Individual Differences 2002, 35:1231-1239.
108. *McCrae R.R., Yamagata S., Jang K.L., Riemann R., Ando J., Ono Y., et al. Substance and artifact in the higher-order factors of the Big Five. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2008, 95:442-455.
109. *McFarland L.A., Ryan A.M. Variance in faking across noncognitive measures. Journal of Applied Psychology 2000, 85:812-821.
110. *Metasäpelto R.L., Pulkkinen L. Personality traits and parenting: Neuroticism, extraversion, and openness to experience as discriminative factors. European Journal of Personality 2003, 17:59-78.
111. *Meyer T.D. The hypomanic personality scale, the Big Five, and their relationship to depression and mania. Personality and Individual Differences 2002, 32:649-660.
112. *Miller G.F., Tal I.R. Schizotypy versus openness and intelligence as predictors of creativity. Schizophrenia Research 2007, 93:317-324.
113. *Mõttus R., Allik J., Pullmann H. Does personality vary across ability levels? A study using self and other ratings. Journal of Research in Personality 2007, 41:155-170.
114. *Mount M.K., Barrick M.R., Scullen S.M., Rounds J. Higher-order dimensions of the Big Five personality traits and the big six vocational interest types. Personnel Psychology 2005, 58:447-478.
115. *Mount M., Ilies R., Johnson E. Relationship of personality traits and counterproductive work behaviors: The Mediating effects of job satisfaction. Personnel Psychology 2006, 59:591-622.
116. *Mumford T.V., Iddekinge Van C.H., Morgeson F.P., Campion M.A. The Team Role Test: Development and validation of a team role knowledge situational judgment test. Journal of Applied Psychology 2008, 93:250-267.
117. *Neff K.D., Rude S.S., Kirkpatrick K.L. An examination of self-compassion in relation to positive psychological functioning and personality traits. Journal of Research in Personality 2007, 41:908-916.
118. *Nguyen N.T., Biderman M.D., McDaniel M.A. Effects of response instructions on faking a situational judgment test. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 2005, 13:250-260.
119. *Noftle E.E., Shaver P.R. Attachment dimensions and the big five personality traits: Associations and comparative ability to predict relationship quality. Journal of Research in Personality 2006, 40:179-208.
120. *Oltmanns T.F., Friedman J.N.W., Fiedler E.R., Turkheimer E. Perception of people with personality disorders based on thin slices of behavior. Journal of Research in Personality 2004, 38:216-229.
121. *Parker J.D.A., Majeski S.A., Collin V.T. ADHD symptoms and personality: Relationships with the Five-Factor Model. Personality and Individual Differences 2004, 36:977-987.
122. *Peeters H., Lievens F. Verbal and nonverbal impression management tactics in behavior description and situational interviews. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 2006, 14:206-222.
123. *Peeters M.A.G., Rutte C.G., Tuijl van H.F.J.M., Reymen I.M.M.J. The Big Five personality traits and individual satisfaction with the team. Small Group Research 2006, 37:187-211.
124. *Penely J.A., Tomaka J. Associations among the Big Five, emotional responses, and coping with acute stress. Personality and Individual Differences 2002, 32:1215-1228.
125. *Peterson J.B., Smith K.W., Carson S. Openness and extraversion are associated with reduced latent inhibition: Replication and commentary. Personality and Individual Differences 2002, 33:1137-1147.
126. *Ployhart R.E., Lim B.C., Chan K.Y. Exploring relations between typical and maximum performance ratings and the Five Factor Model of personality. Personnel Psychology 2001, 54:809-843.
127. *Pursell G.R., Laursen B., Rubin K.H., Booth-LaForce C., Rose-Krasnor L. Gender differences in pattern of association between prosocial behavior, personality, and externalizing problems. Journal of Research in Personality 2008, 42:472-481.
128. *Reeve C.L., Meyer R.D., Bonaccio S. Intelligence-personality associations reconsidered: The importance of distinguishing between general and narrow dimensions of intelligence. Intelligence 2006, 34:387-402.
129. *Robins R.W., Fraley R.C., Roberts B.W., Trzesniewski K.H. A longitudinal study of personality change in young adulthood. Journal of Personality 2001, 69:617-640.
130. *Rode J.C., Arthaud-Day M.L., Mooney C.H., Near J.P., Baldwin T.T. Ability and personality predictors of salary, perceived job success, and perceived career success in the initial career stage. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 2008, 16:292-299.
131. *Rose C.L., Murphy L.B., Byard L., Nikzad K. The role of the Big Five personality factors in vigilance performance and workload. European Journal of Personality 2002, 16:185-200.
132. *Rubinstein G., Strul S. The Five Factor Model (FFM) among four groups of male and female professionals. Journal of Research in Personality 2007, 41:931-937.
133. *Salvaggio A.N., Schneider B., Nishii L.H., Meyer D.M., Ramesh A., Lyon J.S. Manager personality, manager service quality orientation, and service climate: Test of a model. Journal of Applied Psychology 2007, 92:1741-1750.
134. *Schaefer P.S., Williams C.C., Goodie A.S., Campbell W.K. Overconfidence and the Big Five. Journal of Research in Personality 2004, 38:473-480.
135. *Schmitt D.P. The Big Five related to risky sexual behaviour across 10 world regions: Differential personality associations of sexual promiscuity and relationship infidelity. European Journal of Personality 2004, 18:301-319.
136. *Schulte M.J., Ree M.J., Carretta T.R. Emotional intelligence: Not much more than g and personality. Personality and Individual Differences 2004, 37:1059-1068.
137. *Schutte N.S., Malouff J.M., Segrera E., Wolf A., Rodgers L. States reflecting the Big Five dimensions. Personality and Individual Differences 2003, 34:591-603.
138. *Shafer A.B. The Big Five and sexuality trait terms as predictors of relationship and sex. Journal of Research in Personality 2001, 35:313-338.
139. *Shaffer M.A., Harrison D.A., Gregersen H., Black J.S., Ferzandi L.A. You can take it with you: Individual differences and expatriate effectiveness. Journal of Applied Psychology 2006, 91:109-125.
140. *Slaughter J.E., Stanton J.M., Mohr D.C., Schoel W.A. The interaction of attraction and selection: Implications for college recruitment and Schneider's ASA model. Applied Psychology: An International Review 2005, 54:419-441.
141. *Smith D.B., Hanges P.J., Dickson M.W. Personnel selection and the Five-Factor Model: Reexamining the effects of applicant's frame of reference. Journal of Applied Psychology 2001, 86:304-315.
142. *Smithikrai C. Personality traits and job success: An investigation in a Thai sample. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 2007, 15:134-138.
143. *Soldz S., Budman S., Demby A., Merry J. Representation of personality disorders in circumplex and Five-Factor space: Explorations with a clinical sample. Psychological Assessment 1993, 5:41-52.
144. *Steel P., Ones D.S. Personality and happiness: A national-level analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2002, 83:767-781.
145. *Stewart G.L., Fulmer I.S., Barrick M.R. An exploration of member roles as a multilevel linking mechanism for individual traits and team outcomes. Personnel Psychology 2005, 58:343-365.
146. *Stewart S.H., Loughlin H.L., Rhyno E. Internal drinking motives mediate personality domain-drinking relations in young adults. Personality and Individual Differences 2001, 30:271-286.
147. *Tay C., Ang S., Dyne Van L. Personality, biographical characteristics, and job interview success: A longitudinal study of the mediating effects of interviewing self-efficacy and the moderating effects of internal locus of causality. Journal of Applied Psychology 2006, 91:446-454.
148. *Thoresen C.J., Bradley J.C., Bliese P.D., Thoresen J.D. The Big Five personality traits and individual job performance growth trajectories in maintenance and transitional job stages. Journal of Applied Psychology 2004, 89:835-853.
149. *Timmerman T.A. Predicting turnover with broad and narrow personality traits. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 2006, 14:392-399.
150. *Truxillo D.M., Campion M.A., Paronto M.E. A field study of the role of Big Five personality in applicant perceptions of selection fairness, self and the hiring organization. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 2006, 14:269-277.
151. *Tsaousis I., Nikolaou I.E. The stability of the Five-Factor Model of personality in personnel selection and assessment in Greece. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 2001, 9:290-301.
152. *Wanberg C.R., Kammeyer-Mueller J.D. Predictors and outcomes of proactivity in the socialization process. Journal of Applied Psychology 2000, 85:337-385.
153. *Wanberg C.R., Kanfer R., Banas J.T. Predictors and outcomes of networking intensity among unemployed job seekers. Journal of Applied Psychology 2000, 85:491-503.
154. *Wang M., Erdheim J. Does the Five-Factor Model of personality relate to goal orientation? Personality and Individual Differences 2007, 43:1493-1505.
155. *Wasylkiw L., Fekken G.C. Personality and self-reported health matching predictors and criteria. Personality and Individual Differences 2002, 33:607-620.
156. *Wolfradt U., Dalbert C. Personality, values and belief in a just world. Personality and Individual Differences 2002, 35:1911-1918.
157. *Yik M.S.M., Russell J.A. Predicting the Big Two of affect from the Big Five of personality. Journal of Research in Personality 2001, 35:247-277.
158. *Zweig D., Webster J. What are we measuring? An examination of the relationship between the Big-Five personality traits, goal orientation, and performance intentions. Personality and Individual Differences 2004, 36:1693-1708.
159. *Zyphur M.J., Islam G., Landis R.S. Testing 1, 2, 3, 4? The personality of repeat SAT test takers and their testing outcomes. Journal of Research in Personality 2007, 41:715-722.
160. Anusic I., Schimmack U., Pinkus R.T., Lockwood P. The nature and structure of correlations among Big Five ratings: The Halo-Alpha-Beta model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2009, 97:1142-1156.
161. Ashton M.C. Personality and job performance: The importance of narrow traits. Journal of Organizational Behavior 1998, 19:289-303.
162. Ashton M.C., Lee K. Empirical, theoretical, and practical advantages of the HEXACO model of personality structure. Personality and Social Psychology Review 2007, 11:150-166.
163. Ashton M.C., Lee K., Goldberg L.R., de Vries R.E. Higher order factors of personality: Do they exist?. Personality and Social Psychology Review 2009, 13:79-91.
164. Bäckström M. Higher-order factors in Five-Factor personality inventories and its relation to social desirability. European Journal of Psychological Assessment 2007, 23:63-70.
165. Bäckström M., Björklund F., Larsson M.R. Five-factor inventories have a major general factor related to social desirability which can be reduced by framing items neutrally. Journal of Research in Personality 2009, 43:335-344.
166. Barrick M.R., Mount M.K. The Big Five personality dimensions and job performance: A meta-analysis. Personnel Psychology 1991, 44:1-26.
167. Carroll J.B. The Five-Factor personality model: How complete and satisfactory is it?. The role of constructs in psychological and educational measurement 2002, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ. H. Braun, D. Jackson, D. Wiley (Eds.).
168. Cattell R.B. Intelligence: Its structure, growth and action 1987, North-Holland, Oxford, England.
169. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences 1977, Academic Press, New York.
170. Digman J.M. Personality structure: Emergence of the Five-Factor Model. Annual Review of Psychology 1990, 41:417-440.
171. Eysenck H.J. Dimensions of Personality 1947, K. Paul, Trench, Trubner, Oxford, England.
172. Eysenck S.B., Eysenck H.J. A factor-analytic study of the Lie Scale of the Junior Eysenck Personality Inventory. Personality: An International Journal 1970, 1:3-10.
173. Figueredo A.J., Vasquez G., Brumbach B.H., Schneider S.M.R., Sefcek J.A., Tal I.R., et al. Consilience and life history theory: From genes to brain to reproductive strategy. Developmental Review 2006, 26:243-275.
174. Goldberg L.R. Language and individual differences: The search for universals in personality lexicon. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1981, 59:1216-1229.
175. Goodman S.A., Svyantek D.J. Person-organization fit and contextual performance: Do shared values matter. Journal of Vocational Behavior 1999, 55:254-275.
176. Hendriks A.A.J., Hofstee W.K.B., De Raad B. The Five-Factor Personality Inventory (FFPI). Personality and Individual Differences 1999, 27:307-325.
177. Hofstee W.K.B. Intelligence and personality: Do they mix?. Intelligence and personality: Bridging the gap in theory and measurement 2001, 43-60. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, Mahwah, NJ. S. Messick, J.M. Collis (Eds.).
178. Hofstee W.K.B., Hendriks A.A.J. The use of scores anchored at the scale midpoint in reporting individuals' traits. European journal of Personality 1998, 12:219-228.
179. Hofstee W.K.B., Ten Berge J.M. Personality in proportion: A bipolar proportional scale for personality assessments and its consequences for trait structure. Journal of Personality Assessment 2004, 83:120-127.
180. Hunter J.E., Schmidt F.L. Methods of meta-analysis: Correcting error and bias in research findings 2004, Sage Publications, California.
181. McCrae R.R., Costa P.T. A Five-Factor theory of personality. Handbook of personality: Theory and research 1999, 139-153. Guilford Press, New York, NY. 2nd ed. L.A. Pervin, O.P. John (Eds.).
182. Musek J. A general factor of personality: Evidence for the Big One in the Five-Factor Model. Journal of Research in Personality 2007, 41:1213-1233.
183. Ones D.S., Viswesvaran C. Bandwidth-fidelity dilemma in personality measurement for personnel selection. Journal of Organizational Behavior 1996, 17:609-626.
184. Ones D.S., Viswesvaran C. Integrity tests and other Criterion-focused Occupational Personality Scales (COPS) used in personnel selection. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 2001, 9:31-39.
185. Ones D.S., Viswesvaran C. Personality at work: Criterion-focused Occupational Personality Scales used in personnel selection. Personality psychology in the workplace 2001, 63-92. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC. R. Hogan, B.W. Roberts (Eds.).
186. Ones D.S., Viswesvaran C., Reiss A.D. Role of social desirability in personality testing for personnel selection: The red herring. Journal of Applied Psychology 1996, 81:660-679.
187. Paunonen S.V., Ashton M.C. Big Five factors and facets and the prediction of behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2001, 81:524-539.
188. Paunonen S.V., Jackson D.N. What is beyond the Big Five?. Plenty! Journal of Personality 2000, 68:821-835.
189. Rushton J.P., Bons T.A., Ando J., Hur Y., Irwing P., Vernon P.A., et al. A general factor of personality from multitrait-multimethod data and cross-national twins. Twin Research and Human Genetics 2009, 12:356-365.
190. Rushton J.P., Bons T.A., Hur Y. The genetics and evolution of a general factor of personality. Journal of Research in Personality 2008, 42:1173-1185.
191. Rushton J.P., Irwing P. A General Factor of Personality (GFP) from two meta-analyses of the Big Five: Digman (1997) and Mount, Barrick, Scullen, and Rounds (2005). Personality and Individual Differences 2008, 45:679-683.
192. Rushton J.P., Irwing P. A general factor of personality in the Comrey Personality Scales, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2, and the Multicultural Personality Questionnaire. Personality and Individual Differences 2009, 46:437-442.
193. Rushton J.P., Irwing P. A general factor of personality in 16 sets of the Big Five, the Guilford-Zimmerman Temperament Survey, the California Psychological Inventory, and the Temperament and Character Inventory. Personality and Individual Differences 2009, 47:558-564.
194. Salgado J. The Big Five personality dimensions and counterproductive behaviors. International Journal of Selection and Assessment 2002, 10:117-125.
195. Saucier G., Goldberg L.R. What is beyond the Big Five? Journal of Personality 1998, 66:495-524.
196. Stankov L. g factor: Issues of design and interpretation. Handbook of understanding and measuring intelligence 2005, 279-293. Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA. R.W. Engle, O. Wilhelm (Eds.).
197. Taris T.W., Kompier M.A.J., de Lange A.H., Schaufeli W.B., Schreurs P.J.G. Learning new behaviour patterns: A Longitudinal test of Karasek's active learning hypothesis among Dutch Teachers. Work & Stress 2003, 17:1-20.
198. Van der Linden, D., Scholte, R. H. J., Cillessen, A. H., te Nijenhuis, J., & Segers, E. (submitted for publication). The General Factor of Personality and classroom ratings of likeability and popularity.
199. Veselka L., Schermer J.A., Petrides K.V., Cherkas L.F., Spector T.D., Vernon P.A. A general factor of personality: Evidence from the HEXACO model and a measure of trait emotional intelligence. Twin Research and Human Genetics 2009, 12:420-424.
200. Viswesvaran C., Schmidt F.L., Ones D.S. Is there a general factor in ratings of job performance? A meta-analytic framework for disentangling substantive and error influences. Journal of Applied Psychology 2005, 90:108-131.