메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 462, Issue 7271, 2009, Pages 307-314

Human genetics illuminates the paths to metabolic disease

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

INSULIN; LEPTIN; LEPTIN RECEPTOR; MELANOCORTIN 4 RECEPTOR; NEUROPEPTIDE; PROOPIOMELANOCORTIN; PROPROTEIN CONVERTASE 1; SULFONYLUREA DERIVATIVE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

EID: 70450193472     PISSN: 00280836     EISSN: 14764687     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nature08532     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (274)

References (108)
  • 1
    • 0030843960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic and environmental factors in relative body weight and human adiposity
    • Maes, H. H., Neale, M. C. & Eaves, L. J. Genetic and environmental factors in relative body weight and human adiposity. Behav. Genet. 27, 325-351 (1997).
    • (1997) Behav. Genet. , vol.27 , pp. 325-351
    • Maes, H.H.1    Neale, M.C.2    Eaves, L.J.3
  • 2
    • 0032953097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heritability of type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and abnormal glucose tolerance-a population-based twin study
    • Poulsen, P., Kyvik, K. O., Vaag, A. & Beck-Nielsen, H. Heritability of type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and abnormal glucose tolerance-a population-based twin study. Diabetologia 42, 139-145 (1999).
    • (1999) Diabetologia , vol.42 , pp. 139-145
    • Poulsen, P.1    Kyvik, K.O.2    Vaag, A.3    Beck-Nielsen, H.4
  • 3
    • 2342466734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global prevalence of diabetes: Estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030
    • Wild, S. et al. Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Diabetes Care 27, 1047-1053 (2004).
    • (2004) Diabetes Care , vol.27 , pp. 1047-1053
    • Wild, S.1
  • 4
    • 38949187953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a strong genetic influence on childhood adiposity despite the force of the obesogenic environment
    • Wardle, J., Carnell, S., Haworth, C. M. & Plomin, R. Evidence for a strong genetic influence on childhood adiposity despite the force of the obesogenic environment. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 87, 398-404 (2008).
    • (2008) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.87 , pp. 398-404
    • Wardle, J.1    Carnell, S.2    Haworth, C.M.3    Plomin, R.4
  • 5
    • 33746686369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Switching from insulin to oral sulphonylureas in patients with diabetes due to Kir6.2 mutations
    • Pearson, E. R. et al. Switching from insulin to oral sulphonylureas in patients with diabetes due to Kir6.2 mutations. N. Engl. J. Med. 355, 467-477 (2006).
    • (2006) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.355 , pp. 467-477
    • Pearson, E.R.1
  • 6
    • 0036800760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effects of leptin on obesity T cell hyporesponsiveness, and neuroendocrine/metabolic dysfunction of human congenital leptin deficiency
    • Farooqi, I. S. et al. Beneficial effects of leptin on obesity, T cell hyporesponsiveness, and neuroendocrine/metabolic dysfunction of human congenital leptin deficiency. J. Clin. Invest. 110, 1093-1103 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.110 , pp. 1093-1103
    • Farooqi, I.S.1
  • 7
    • 85036580269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and intermediate hyperglycemia: Report of a WHO/IDF
    • orld Health Organization.
    • World Health Organization. Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and intermediate hyperglycemia: report of a WHO/IDF Consultation. Æhttp:// www.idf.org/webdata/docs/WHO-IDF-definition-diagnosis-of-diabetes.pdfæ (2006).
    • (2006) Consultation
  • 8
    • 33645074450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Etiology of insulin resistance
    • Petersen, K. F. & Shulman, G. I. Etiology of insulin resistance. Am. J. Med. 119, S10-S16 (2006).
    • (2006) Am. J. Med. , vol.119
    • Petersen, K.F.1    Shulman, G.I.2
  • 9
    • 0024160877 scopus 로고
    • Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease
    • Reaven, G. M. Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes 37, 1595-1607 (1988).
    • (1988) Diabetes , vol.37 , pp. 1595-1607
    • Reaven, G.M.1
  • 10
    • 0033595120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired glucose transport as a cause of decreased insulin-stimulated muscle glycogen synthesis in type 2 diabetes
    • Cline, G. W. et al. Impaired glucose transport as a cause of decreased insulin-stimulated muscle glycogen synthesis in type 2 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 341, 240-246 (1999).
    • (1999) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.341 , pp. 240-246
    • Cline, G.W.1
  • 11
    • 0024213060 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of NIDDM-a disease of deficient insulin secretion
    • Turner, R. C. et al. Pathogenesis of NIDDM-a disease of deficient insulin secretion. Baillieres Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2, 327-342 (1988).
    • (1988) Baillieres Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.2 , pp. 327-342
    • Turner, R.C.1
  • 12
    • 0031892442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maturity-onset diabetes of the young: A clinical history
    • Tattersall, R. Maturity-onset diabetes of the young: a clinical history. Diabet. Med. 15, 11-14 (1998).
    • (1998) Diabet. Med. , vol.15 , pp. 11-14
    • Tattersall, R.1
  • 13
    • 0026562918 scopus 로고
    • Nonsense mutation in the glucokinase gene causes early-onset non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Vionnet, N. et al. Nonsense mutation in the glucokinase gene causes early-onset non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Nature 356, 721-722 (1992). Describes first causative mutation to be identified in a familial form of diabetes.).
    • (1992) Nature , vol.356 , pp. 721-722
    • Vionnet, N.1
  • 16
    • 0031253820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early-onset type-II diabetes mellitus (MODY4) linked to IPF1
    • Stoffers, D. A., Ferrer, J., Clarke, W. L. & Habener, J. F. Early-onset type-II diabetes mellitus (MODY4) linked to IPF1. Nature Genet. 17, 138-139 (1997).
    • (1997) Nature Genet , vol.17 , pp. 138-139
    • Stoffers, D.A.1    Ferrer, J.2    Clarke, W.L.3    Habener, J.F.4
  • 17
    • 0031453186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutation in hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 b gene (TCF2) associated with MODY
    • Horikawa, Y. et al. Mutation in hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 b gene (TCF2) associated with MODY. Nature Genet. 17, 384-385 (1997).
    • (1997) Nature Genet. , vol.17 , pp. 384-385
    • Horikawa, Y.1
  • 18
    • 0032700272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in NEUROD1 are associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Malecki, M. T. et al. Mutations in NEUROD1 are associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nature Genet. 23, 323-328 (1999).
    • (1999) Nature Genet , vol.23 , pp. 323-328
    • Malecki, M.T.1
  • 19
    • 33746778878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activating mutations in the ABCC8 gene in neonatal diabetes mellitus
    • Babenko, A. P. et al. Activating mutations in the ABCC8 gene in neonatal diabetes mellitus. N. Engl. J. Med. 355, 456-466 (2006).
    • (2006) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.355 , pp. 456-466
    • Babenko, A.P.1
  • 20
    • 2342633204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activating mutations in the gene encoding the ATP-sensitive potassium-channel subunit Kir6.2 and permanent neonatal diabetes
    • 2004 erratum 351, 1470 2004
    • Gloyn, A. L. et al. Activating mutations in the gene encoding the ATP-sensitive potassium-channel subunit Kir6.2 and permanent neonatal diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 350, 1838-1849 (2004); erratum 351, 1470 (2004)
    • N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.350 , pp. 1838-1849
    • Gloyn, A.L.1
  • 21
    • 35448994352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin gene mutations as a cause of permanent neonatal diabetes
    • Støy, J. et al. Insulin gene mutations as a cause of permanent neonatal diabetes. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 104, 15040-15044 (2007).
    • (2007) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.104 , pp. 15040-15044
    • Støy, J.1
  • 22
    • 35948974325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics and type 2 diabetes in youth
    • Gill-Carey, O. & Hattersley, A. T. Genetics and type 2 diabetes in youth. Pediatr. Diabetes 8 (Suppl. 9), 42-47 (2007).
    • (2007) Pediatr. Diabetes , vol.8 , Issue.SUPPL. 9 , pp. 42-47
    • Gill-Carey, O.1    Hattersley, A.T.2
  • 23
    • 0023886838 scopus 로고
    • Insulin-resistant diabetes due to a point mutation that prevents insulin proreceptor processing
    • Yoshimasa, Y. et al. Insulin-resistant diabetes due to a point mutation that prevents insulin proreceptor processing. Science 240, 784-787 (1988).
    • (1988) Science , vol.240 , pp. 784-787
    • Yoshimasa, Y.1
  • 24
    • 0027095849 scopus 로고
    • Insulin resistance due to mutations of the insulin receptor gene: An overview
    • Accili, D. et al. Insulin resistance due to mutations of the insulin receptor gene: an overview. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 11, 857-864 (1992).
    • (1992) J. Endocrinol. Invest. , vol.11 , pp. 857-864
    • Accili, D.1
  • 25
    • 2542528670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A family with severe insulin resistance and diabetes due to a mutation in AKT2
    • George, S. et al. A family with severe insulin resistance and diabetes due to a mutation in AKT2. Science 304, 1325-1328 (2004).
    • (2004) Science , vol.304 , pp. 1325-1328
    • George, S.1
  • 26
    • 67249108808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A truncation mutation in TBC1D4 in a family with acanthosis nigricans and postprandial hyperinsulinemia
    • Dash, S. et al. A truncation mutation in TBC1D4 in a family with acanthosis nigricans and postprandial hyperinsulinemia. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 106, 9350-9355 (2009).
    • (2009) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.106 , pp. 9350-9355
    • Dash, S.1
  • 27
    • 0026468362 scopus 로고
    • What if Minkowski had been ageusic? An alternative angle on diabetes
    • McGarry, J. D. What if Minkowski had been ageusic? An alternative angle on diabetes. Science 258, 766-770 (1992)
    • (1992) Science , vol.258 , pp. 766-770
    • McGarry, J.D.1
  • 28
    • 0033599038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dominant negative mutations in human PPARc associated with severe insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and hypertension
    • Barroso, I. et al. Dominant negative mutations in human PPARc associated with severe insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Nature 402, 880-883 (1999).
    • (1999) Nature , vol.402 , pp. 880-883
    • Barroso, I.1
  • 29
    • 0033951216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LMNA, encoding lamin A/C, is mutated in partial lipodystrophy
    • Shackleton, S. et al. LMNA, encoding lamin A/C, is mutated in partial lipodystrophy. Nature Genet. 24, 153-156 (2000).
    • (2000) Nature Genet. , vol.24 , pp. 153-156
    • Shackleton, S.1
  • 30
    • 0034941121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of the gene altered in Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy on chromosome 11q13
    • Magré, J. et al. Identification of the gene altered in Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy on chromosome 11q13. Nature Genet. 28, 365-370 (2001).
    • (2001) Nature Genet. , vol.28 , pp. 365-370
    • Magré, J.1
  • 31
    • 0036578783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AGPAT2 is mutated in congenital generalized lipodystrophy linked to chromosome 9q34
    • Agarwal, A. K. et al. AGPAT2 is mutated in congenital generalized lipodystrophy linked to chromosome 9q34. Nature Genet. 31, 21-23 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature Genet , vol.31 , pp. 21-23
    • Agarwal, A.K.1
  • 32
    • 41549146084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of a homozygous nonsense caveolin-1 mutation with Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy
    • Kim, C. A. et al. Association of a homozygous nonsense caveolin-1 mutation with Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 93, 1129-1134 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.93 , pp. 1129-1134
    • Kim, C.A.1
  • 33
    • 70450220107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partial lipodystrophy and insulin resistant diabetes in a patient with a homozygous nonsense mutation in CIDEC
    • Rubio-Cabezas, O. et al. Partial lipodystrophy and insulin resistant diabetes in a patient with a homozygous nonsense mutation in CIDEC. EMBO Mol. Med 1, 280-287 (2009).
    • (2009) EMBO Mol. Med , vol.1 , pp. 280-287
    • Rubio-Cabezas, O.1
  • 34
    • 63349087565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association studies in type 2 diabetes
    • McCarthy, M. I. & Zeggini, E. Genome-wide association studies in type 2 diabetes. Curr. Diab. Rep. 9, 164-171 (2009).
    • (2009) Curr. Diab. Rep. , vol.9 , pp. 164-171
    • McCarthy, M.I.1    Zeggini, E.2
  • 35
    • 70349147046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of 18 confirmed susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes with indices of insulin release, proinsulin conversion, and insulin sensitivity in 5,327 non-diabetic Finnish Men
    • Stancáková, A. et al. Association of 18 confirmed susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes with indices of insulin release, proinsulin conversion, and insulin sensitivity in 5,327 non-diabetic Finnish Men. Diabetes 58, 2129-2136 (2009).
    • (2009) Diabetes , vol.58 , pp. 2129-2136
    • Stancáková, A.1
  • 36
    • 35449001954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common variants of the novel type 2 diabetes genes CDKAL1 and HHEX/IDE are associated with decreased pancreatic beta-cell function
    • Pascoe, L. et al. Common variants of the novel type 2 diabetes genes CDKAL1 and HHEX/IDE are associated with decreased pancreatic beta-cell function. Diabetes 56, 3101-3104 (2007).
    • (2007) Diabetes , vol.56 , pp. 3101-3104
    • Pascoe, L.1
  • 37
    • 36849011549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies of association of variants near the HHEX, CDKN2A/B, and IGF2BP2 genes with type 2 diabetes and impaired insulin release in 10,705 Danish subjects: Validation and extension of genome-wide association studies
    • Grarup, N. et al. Studies of association of variants near the HHEX, CDKN2A/B, and IGF2BP2 genes with type 2 diabetes and impaired insulin release in 10,705 Danish subjects: validation and extension of genome-wide association studies. Diabetes 56, 3105-3111 (2007).
    • (2007) Diabetes , vol.56 , pp. 3105-3111
    • Grarup, N.1
  • 38
    • 38149035064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms with reduced acute insulin response in Hispanic Americans
    • Palmer, N. D. et al. Association of TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms with reduced acute insulin response in Hispanic Americans. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 93, 304-309 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.93 , pp. 304-309
    • Palmer, N.D.1
  • 39
    • 42449159284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative trait analysis of type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci identified from whole genome association studies in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Family Study
    • Palmer, N. D. et al. Quantitative trait analysis of type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci identified from whole genome association studies in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Family Study. Diabetes 57, 1093-1100 (2008).
    • (2008) Diabetes , vol.57 , pp. 1093-1100
    • Palmer, N.D.1
  • 40
    • 44449091627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A polymorphism within the G6PC2 gene is associated with fasting plasma glucose levels
    • Bouatia-Naji, N. et al. A polymorphism within the G6PC2 gene is associated with fasting plasma glucose levels. Science 320, 1085-1088 (2008).
    • (2008) Science , vol.320 , pp. 1085-1088
    • Bouatia-Naji, N.1
  • 41
    • 58149175143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A variant near MTNR1B is associated with increased fasting plasma glucose levels and type 2 diabetes risk
    • Bouatia-Naji, N. et al. A variant near MTNR1B is associated with increased fasting plasma glucose levels and type 2 diabetes risk. Nature Genet. 41, 89-94 (2009).
    • (2009) Nature Genet , vol.41 , pp. 89-94
    • Bouatia-Naji, N.1
  • 42
    • 58149156287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variants in MTNR1B influence fasting glucose levels
    • Prokopenko, I. et al. Variants in MTNR1B influence fasting glucose levels. Nature Genet. 41, 77-81 (2009).
    • (2009) Nature Genet , vol.41 , pp. 77-81
    • Prokopenko, I.1
  • 43
    • 0029591383 scopus 로고
    • The key role of islet dysfunction in type II diabetes mellitus
    • Porte, D. Jr & Kahn, S. E. The key role of islet dysfunction in type II diabetes mellitus. Clin. Invest. Med. 18, 247-254 (1995).
    • (1995) Clin. Invest. Med. , vol.18 , pp. 247-254
    • Jr, P.D.1    Kahn, S.E.2
  • 45
    • 0028947949 scopus 로고
    • The fourth musketeer-from Alexandre Dumas to Claude Bernard
    • Reaven, G. M. The fourth musketeer-from Alexandre Dumas to Claude Bernard. Diabetologia 38, 3-13 (1995).
    • (1995) Diabetologia , vol.38 , pp. 3-13
    • Reaven, G.M.1
  • 47
    • 0036895383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endoplasmic reticulum stress and the development of diabetes: A review
    • Harding, H. P. & Ron, D. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and the development of diabetes: a review. Diabetes 51 (Suppl. 3), S455-S461 (2002). (Pubitemid 35403430)
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Harding, H.P.1    Ron, D.2
  • 49
    • 0026906885 scopus 로고
    • Mutation in mitochondrial tRNA(Leu)(UUR) gene in a large pedigree with maternally transmitted type II diabetes mellitus and deafness
    • van den Ouweland, J. M. et al. Mutation in mitochondrial tRNA(Leu)(UUR) gene in a large pedigree with maternally transmitted type II diabetes mellitus and deafness. Nature Genet. 1, 368-371 (1992).
    • (1992) Nature Genet , vol.1 , pp. 368-371
    • Van Den Ouweland, J.M.1
  • 50
    • 17344362695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A gene encoding a transmembrane protein is mutated in patients with diabetes mellitus and optic atrophy (Wolfram syndrome
    • Inoue, H. et al. A gene encoding a transmembrane protein is mutated in patients with diabetes mellitus and optic atrophy (Wolfram syndrome). Nature Genet. 20, 143-148 (1998).
    • (1998) Nature Genet , vol.20 , pp. 143-148
    • Inoue, H.1
  • 51
    • 34547536393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common variants in WFS1 confer risk of type 2 diabetes
    • Sandhu, M. S. et al. Common variants in WFS1 confer risk of type 2 diabetes. Nature Genet. 39, 951-953 (2007).
    • (2007) Nature Genet , vol.39 , pp. 951-953
    • Sandhu, M.S.1
  • 52
    • 28244435870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WFS1 is a novel component of the unfolded protein response and maintains homeostasis of the endoplasmic reticulum in pancreatic beta-cells
    • Fonseca, S. G. et al. WFS1 is a novel component of the unfolded protein response and maintains homeostasis of the endoplasmic reticulum in pancreatic beta-cells. J. Biol. Chem. 280, 39609-39615 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.280 , pp. 39609-39615
    • Fonseca, S.G.1
  • 53
    • 0034425698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EIF2AK3, encoding translation initiation factor 2-a kinase 3, is mutated in patients with Wolcott-Rallison syndrome
    • Delépine, M. et al. EIF2AK3, encoding translation initiation factor 2-a kinase 3, is mutated in patients with Wolcott-Rallison syndrome. Nature Genet. 25, 406-409 (2000)
    • (2000) Nature Genet , vol.25 , pp. 406-409
    • Delépine, M.1
  • 54
    • 84969213492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association study of 14,000 cases of seven common diseases and 3,000 shared controls
    • Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium
    • Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium. Genome-wide association study of 14,000 cases of seven common diseases and 3,000 shared controls. Nature 447, 661-678 (2007).
    • (2007) Nature , vol.447 , pp. 661-678
  • 55
    • 56749101779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotype score in addition to common risk factors for prediction of type 2 diabetes
    • Meigs, J. B. et al. Genotype score in addition to common risk factors for prediction of type 2 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 359, 2208-2219 (2008).
    • (2008) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.359 , pp. 2208-2219
    • Meigs, J.B.1
  • 56
    • 55649105963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical risk factors DNA variants, and the development of type 2 diabetes
    • Lyssenko, V. et al. Clinical risk factors, DNA variants, and the development of type 2 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 359, 2220-2232 (2008).
    • (2008) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.359 , pp. 2220-2232
    • Lyssenko, V.1
  • 57
    • 33646778478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minireview: Pharmacogenetics and beyond: The interaction of therapeutic response, beta-cell physiology, and genetics in diabetes
    • Hattersley, A. T. & Pearson, E. R. Minireview: pharmacogenetics and beyond: the interaction of therapeutic response, beta-cell physiology, and genetics in diabetes. Endocrinology 147, 2657-2663 (2006).
    • (2006) Endocrinology , vol.147 , pp. 2657-2663
    • Hattersley, A.T.1    Pearson, E.R.2
  • 58
    • 0034611791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity as a medical problem
    • Kopelman, P. G. Obesity as a medical problem. Nature 404, 635-643 (2000).
    • (2000) Nature , vol.404 , pp. 635-643
    • Kopelman, P.G.1
  • 59
    • 0021681982 scopus 로고
    • Energy expenditure in obesity
    • Jéquier, E. Energy expenditure in obesity. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 13, 563-580 (1984).
    • (1984) Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.13 , pp. 563-580
    • Jéquier, E.1
  • 60
    • 0036928040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring food intake in studies of obesity
    • Lissner, L. Measuring food intake in studies of obesity. Public Health Nutr. 5, 889-892 (2002).
    • (2002) Public Health Nutr. , vol.5 , pp. 889-892
    • Lissner, L.1
  • 61
    • 0030878110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congenital leptin deficiency is associated with severe early-onset obesity in humans
    • Montague, C. T. et al. Congenital leptin deficiency is associated with severe early-onset obesity in humans. Nature 387, 903-908 (1997).
    • (1997) Nature , vol.387 , pp. 903-908
    • Montague, C.T.1
  • 62
    • 0030949271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity and impaired prohormone processing associated with mutations in the human prohormone convertase 1 gene
    • Jackson, R. S. et al. Obesity and impaired prohormone processing associated with mutations in the human prohormone convertase 1 gene. Nature Genet. 16, 303-306 (1997).
    • (1997) Nature Genet , vol.16 , pp. 303-306
    • Jackson, R.S.1
  • 63
    • 0028139089 scopus 로고
    • Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue
    • Zhang, Y. et al. Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue. Nature 372, 425-432 (1994
    • (1994) Nature , vol.372 , pp. 425-432
    • Zhang, Y.1
  • 64
    • 0030889192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeted disruption of the melanocortin-4 receptor results in obesity in mice
    • Huszar, D. et al. Targeted disruption of the melanocortin-4 receptor results in obesity in mice. Cell 88, 131-141 (1997).
    • (1997) Cell , vol.88 , pp. 131-141
    • Huszar, D.1
  • 65
    • 58149359144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human obesity: A heritable neurobehavioral disorder that is highly sensitive to environmental conditions
    • O'Rahilly, S. & Farooqi, I. S. Human obesity: a heritable neurobehavioral disorder that is highly sensitive to environmental conditions. Diabetes 57, 2905-2910 (2008).
    • (2008) Diabetes , vol.57 , pp. 2905-2910
    • O'Rahilly, S.1    Farooqi, I.S.2
  • 66
    • 58149339706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower metabolic rate in individuals heterozygous for either a frameshift or a functional missense MC4R variant
    • Krakoff, J. et al. Lower metabolic rate in individuals heterozygous for either a frameshift or a functional missense MC4R variant. Diabetes 57, 3267-3272 (2008).
    • (2008) Diabetes , vol.57 , pp. 3267-3272
    • Krakoff, J.1
  • 67
    • 36048955043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The central melanocortin system directly controls peripheral lipid metabolism
    • Nogueiras, R. et al. The central melanocortin system directly controls peripheral lipid metabolism. J. Clin. Invest. 117, 3475-3488 (2007).
    • (2007) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.117 , pp. 3475-3488
    • Nogueiras, R.1
  • 69
    • 34248594090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A common variant in the FTO gene is associated with body mass index and predisposes to childhood and adult obesity
    • Frayling, T. M. et al. A common variant in the FTO gene is associated with body mass index and predisposes to childhood and adult obesity. Science 316, 889-894 (2007).
    • (2007) Science , vol.316 , pp. 889-894
    • Frayling, T.M.1
  • 70
    • 34249777814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in FTO contributes to childhood obesity and severe adult obesity
    • Dina, C. et al. Variation in FTO contributes to childhood obesity and severe adult obesity. Nature Genet. 39, 724-726 (2007).
    • (2007) Nature Genet , vol.39 , pp. 724-726
    • Dina, C.1
  • 71
    • 36749041363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The obesity-associated FTO gene encodes a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent nucleic acid demethylase
    • Gerken, T. et al. The obesity-associated FTO gene encodes a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent nucleic acid demethylase. Science 318, 1469-1472 (2007).
    • (2007) Science , vol.318 , pp. 1469-1472
    • Gerken, T.1
  • 72
    • 57749121512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An obesity-associated FTO gene variant and increased energy intake in children
    • Cecil, J. E. et al. An obesity-associated FTO gene variant and increased energy intake in children. N. Engl. J. Med. 359, 2558-2566 (2008).
    • (2008) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.359 , pp. 2558-2566
    • Cecil, J.E.1
  • 73
    • 67349211789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inactivation of the Fto gene protects from obesity
    • Fischer, J. et al. Inactivation of the Fto gene protects from obesity. Nature 458, 894-898 (2009).
    • (2009) Nature , vol.458 , pp. 894-898
    • Fischer, J.1
  • 74
    • 44349142294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common variants near MC4R are associated with fat mass, weight and risk of obesity
    • Loos, R. J. et al. Common variants near MC4R are associated with fat mass, weight and risk of obesity. Nature Genet. 40, 768-775 (2008).
    • (2008) Nature Genet , vol.40 , pp. 768-775
    • Loos, R.J.1
  • 75
    • 54949113309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The common obesity variant near MC4R gene is associated with higher intakes of total energy and dietary fat, weight change and diabetes risk in women
    • Qi, L., Kraft, P., Hunter, D. J. & Hu, F. B. The common obesity variant near MC4R gene is associated with higher intakes of total energy and dietary fat, weight change and diabetes risk in women. Hum. Mol. Genet. 17, 3502-3508 (2008).
    • (2008) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.17 , pp. 3502-3508
    • Qi, L.1    Kraft, P.2    Hunter, D.J.3    Hu, F.B.4
  • 76
    • 58149163142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Six new loci associated with body mass index highlight a neuronal influence on body weight regulation
    • Willer, C. J. et al. Six new loci associated with body mass index highlight a neuronal influence on body weight regulation. Nature Genet. 41, 25-34 (2009).
    • (2009) Nature Genet , vol.41 , pp. 25-34
    • Willer, C.J.1
  • 77
    • 70349557826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic variant near IRS1 is associated with type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia
    • Rung, J. et al. Genetic variant near IRS1 is associated with type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Nature Genet. 41, 1110-1115 (2009).
    • (2009) Nature Genet , vol.41 , pp. 1110-1115
    • Rung, J.1
  • 78
    • 67651236725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association scan meta-analysis identifies three loci influencing adiposity and fat distribution
    • Lindgren, C. M. et al. Genome-wide association scan meta-analysis identifies three loci influencing adiposity and fat distribution. PLoS Genet. 5, e1000508 (2009).
    • (2009) PLoS Genet. , vol.5
    • Lindgren, C.M.1
  • 79
    • 0029243704 scopus 로고
    • An imprinted gene(s) for diabetes?
    • Temple, I. K. et al. An imprinted gene(s) for diabetes? Nature Genet. 9, 110-112 (1995).
    • (1995) Nature Genet , vol.9 , pp. 110-112
    • Temple, I.K.1
  • 80
    • 48349092985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypomethylation of multiple imprinted loci in individuals with transient neonatal diabetes is associated with mutations in ZFP57
    • Mackay, D. J. et al. Hypomethylation of multiple imprinted loci in individuals with transient neonatal diabetes is associated with mutations in ZFP57. Nature Genet. 40, 949-951 (2008).
    • (2008) Nature Genet , vol.40 , pp. 949-951
    • MacKay, D.J.1
  • 81
    • 29444440400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in the CEL VNTR cause a syndrome of diabetes and pancreatic exocrine dysfunction
    • Ræder, H. et al. Mutations in the CEL VNTR cause a syndrome of diabetes and pancreatic exocrine dysfunction. Nature Genet. 38, 54-62 (2006).
    • (2006) Nature Genet , vol.38 , pp. 54-62
    • Ræder, H.1
  • 82
    • 18544391142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutation of ALMS1, a large gene with a tandem repeat encoding 47 amino acids, causes Alström syndrome
    • Hearn, T. et al. Mutation of ALMS1, a large gene with a tandem repeat encoding 47 amino acids, causes Alström syndrome. Nature Genet. 31, 79-83 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature Genet , vol.31 , pp. 79-83
    • Hearn, T.1
  • 83
    • 0036578890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in ALMS1 cause obesity, type 2 diabetes and neurosensory degeneration in Alström syndrome
    • Collin, G. B. et al. Mutations in ALMS1 cause obesity, type 2 diabetes and neurosensory degeneration in Alström syndrome. Nature Genet. 31, 74-78 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature Genet , vol.31 , pp. 74-78
    • Collin, G.B.1
  • 84
    • 58149335251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning from molecular genetics: Novel insights arising from the definition of genes for monogenic and type 2 diabetes
    • McCarthy, M. I. & Hattersley, A. T. Learning from molecular genetics: novel insights arising from the definition of genes for monogenic and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 57, 2889-2898 (2008).
    • (2008) Diabetes , vol.57 , pp. 2889-2898
    • McCarthy, M.I.1    Hattersley, A.T.2
  • 85
    • 42349106044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta analysis of genome-wide association data and large-scale replication identifies additional susceptibility loci for type-2 diabetes
    • Zeggini, E. et al. Meta analysis of genome-wide association data and large-scale replication identifies additional susceptibility loci for type-2 diabetes. Nature Genet. 40, 638-645 (2008).
    • (2008) Nature Genet , vol.40 , pp. 638-645
    • Zeggini, E.1
  • 86
    • 0031595923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Pro12Ala substitution in PPARc2 associated with decreased receptor activity, lower body mass index and improved insulin sensitivity
    • Deeb, S. S. et al. A Pro12Ala substitution in PPARc2 associated with decreased receptor activity, lower body mass index and improved insulin sensitivity. Nature Genet. 20, 284-287 (1998).
    • (1998) Nature Genet. , vol.20 , pp. 284-287
    • Deeb, S.S.1
  • 87
    • 34249888775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association analysis identifies loci for type 2 diabetes and triglyceride levels
    • Saxena, R. et al. Genome-wide association analysis identifies loci for type 2 diabetes and triglyceride levels. Science 316, 1331-1336 (2007).
    • (2007) Science , vol.316 , pp. 1331-1336
    • Saxena, R.1
  • 88
    • 34249895023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Replication of genome-wide association signals in UK samples reveals risk loci for type 2 diabetes
    • Zeggini, E. et al. Replication of genome-wide association signals in UK samples reveals risk loci for type 2 diabetes. Science 316, 1336-1341 (2007).
    • (2007) Science , vol.316 , pp. 1336-1341
    • Zeggini, E.1
  • 89
    • 34249885875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A genome-wide association study of type 2 diabetes in Finns detects multiple susceptibility variants
    • Scott, L. et al. A genome-wide association study of type 2 diabetes in Finns detects multiple susceptibility variants. Science 316, 1341-1345 (2007).
    • (2007) Science , vol.316 , pp. 1341-1345
    • Scott, L.1
  • 90
    • 34249828965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A variant in CDKAL1 influences insulin response and risk of type 2 diabetes
    • Steinthorsdottir, V. et al. A variant in CDKAL1 influences insulin response and risk of type 2 diabetes. Nature Genet. 39, 770-775 (2007).
    • (2007) Nature Genet , vol.39 , pp. 770-775
    • Steinthorsdottir, V.1
  • 91
    • 33847176604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A genome-wide association study identifies novel risk loci for type 2 diabetes
    • Sladek, R. et al. A genome-wide association study identifies novel risk loci for type 2 diabetes. Nature 445, 881-885 (2007).
    • (2007) Nature , vol.445 , pp. 881-885
    • Sladek, R.1
  • 92
    • 32544451924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variant of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene confers risk of type 2 diabetes
    • Grant, S. F. et al. Variant of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene confers risk of type 2 diabetes. Nature Genet. 38, 320-323 (2006).
    • (2006) Nature Genet , vol.38 , pp. 320-323
    • Grant, S.F.1
  • 93
    • 2342561802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haplotype structure and genotype-phenotype correlations of the sulphonylurea receptor and the islet ATP-sensitive potassium channel gene region
    • Florez, J. C. Haplotype structure and genotype-phenotype correlations of the sulphonylurea receptor and the islet ATP-sensitive potassium channel gene region. Diabetes 53, 1360-1368 (2004).
    • (2004) Diabetes , vol.53 , pp. 1360-1368
    • Florez, J.C.1
  • 94
    • 34547510624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two variants on chromosome 17 confer prostate cancer risk, and the one in TCF2 protects against type 2 diabetes
    • Gudmundsson, J. et al. Two variants on chromosome 17 confer prostate cancer risk, and the one in TCF2 protects against type 2 diabetes. Nature Genet. 39, 977-983 (2007).
    • (2007) Nature Genet , vol.39 , pp. 977-983
    • Gudmundsson, J.1
  • 95
    • 0344450708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mutation in the human leptin receptor gene causes obesity and pituitary dysfunction
    • Clément, K. et al. A mutation in the human leptin receptor gene causes obesity and pituitary dysfunction. Nature 392, 398-401 (1998).
    • (1998) Nature , vol.392 , pp. 398-401
    • Clément, K.1
  • 96
    • 0031838353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe early-onset obesity, adrenal insufficiency and red hair pigmentation caused by POMC mutations in humans
    • Krude, H. et al. Severe early-onset obesity, adrenal insufficiency and red hair pigmentation caused by POMC mutations in humans. Nature Genet. 19, 155-157 (1998).
    • (1998) Nature Genet , vol.19 , pp. 155-157
    • Krude, H.1
  • 97
    • 0031662163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A frameshift mutation in human MC4R is associated with a dominant form of obesity
    • Vaisse, C., Clement, K., Guy-Grand, B. & Froguel, P. A frameshift mutation in human MC4R is associated with a dominant form of obesity. Nature Genet. 20, 113-114 (1998).
    • (1998) Nature Genet , vol.20 , pp. 113-114
    • Vaisse, C.1    Clement, K.2    Guy-Grand, B.3    Froguel, P.4
  • 98
    • 0031668219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A frameshift mutation in MC4R associated with dominantly inherited human obesity
    • Yeo, G. S. et al. A frameshift mutation in MC4R associated with dominantly inherited human obesity. Nature Genet. 20, 111-112 (1998).
    • (1998) Nature Genet , vol.20 , pp. 111-112
    • Yeo, G.S.1
  • 99
    • 0034016043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Profound obesity associated with a balanced translocation that disrupts the SIM1 gene
    • Holder, J. L. Jr, Butte, N. F. & Zinn, A. R. Profound obesity associated with a balanced translocation that disrupts the SIM1 gene. Hum. Mol. Genet. 9, 101-108 (2000).
    • (2000) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.9 , pp. 101-108
    • Holder Jr., J.L.1    Butte, N.F.2    Zinn, A.R.3
  • 100
    • 44349191455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prader-Willi phenotype caused by paternal deficiency for the HBII-85 C/D box small nucleolar RNA cluster
    • Sahoo, T. et al. Prader-Willi phenotype caused by paternal deficiency for the HBII-85 C/D box small nucleolar RNA cluster. Nature Genet. 40, 719-721 (2008).
    • (2008) Nature Genet , vol.40 , pp. 719-721
    • Sahoo, T.1
  • 101
    • 0025326074 scopus 로고
    • Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy and defective G proteins
    • Spiegel, A. Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy and defective G proteins. N. Engl. J. Med. 322, 1461-1462 (1990).
    • (1990) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.322 , pp. 1461-1462
    • Spiegel, A.1
  • 102
    • 33845530762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperphagia, severe obesity, impaired cognitive function, and hyperactivity associated with functional loss of one copy of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene
    • Gray, J. et al. Hyperphagia, severe obesity, impaired cognitive function, and hyperactivity associated with functional loss of one copy of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene. Diabetes 55, 3366-3371 (2006).
    • (2006) Diabetes , vol.55 , pp. 3366-3371
    • Gray, J.1
  • 103
    • 50449091665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and obesity in the WAGR syndrome
    • erratum 359, 1414 2008
    • Han, J. C. et al. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and obesity in the WAGR syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 359, 918-927 (2008); erratum 359, 1414 (2008).
    • (2008) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.359 , pp. 918-927
    • Han, J.C.1
  • 104
    • 7044262828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A de novo mutation affecting human TrkB associated with severe obesity and developmental delay
    • Yeo, G. S. et al. A de novo mutation affecting human TrkB associated with severe obesity and developmental delay. Nature Neurosci. 7, 1187-1189 (2004
    • (2004) Nature Neurosci. , vol.7 , pp. 1187-1189
    • Yeo, G.S.1
  • 105
    • 70450214270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beales, P. R Farooqi, I. S. & O'Rahilly, S. (eds) Oxford Univ. Press
    • Beales, P. R., Farooqi, I. S. & O'Rahilly, S. (eds) Genetics of Obesity Syndromes (Oxford Univ. Press, 2009).
    • (2009) Genetics of Obesity Syndromes
  • 106
    • 58149163141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association yields new sequence variants at seven loci that associate with measures of obesity
    • Thorleifsson, G. et al. Genome-wide association yields new sequence variants at seven loci that associate with measures of obesity. Nature Genet. 41, 18-24 (2009).
    • (2009) Nature Genet , vol.41 , pp. 18-24
    • Thorleifsson, G.1
  • 107
    • 48349113289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common nonsynonymous variants in PCSK1 confer risk of obesity
    • Benzinou, M. et al. Common nonsynonymous variants in PCSK1 confer risk of obesity. Nature Genet. 40, 943-945 (2008).
    • (2008) Nature Genet , vol.40 , pp. 943-945
    • Benzinou, M.1
  • 108
    • 59149097625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association study for early-onset and morbid adult obesity identifies three new risk loci in European populations
    • Meyre, D. et al. Genome-wide association study for early-onset and morbid adult obesity identifies three new risk loci in European populations. Nature Genet. 41, 157-159 (2009
    • (2009) Nature Genet. , vol.41 , pp. 157-159
    • Meyre, D.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.