Amyloid-β, Tau protein, and oxidative changes as a physiological compensatory mechanism to maintain CNS plasticity under Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions

Journal of Alzheimer's Disease

Volumn 18, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 381-400

  Koudinov, Alexei ^a,b,c,d   Kezlya, Elena ^e   Koudinova, Natalia ^a,b,c   Berezov, Temirbolat ^a,b,c,d  

^a INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY   (Russian Federation)

^b INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY   (Russian Federation)

^c Neurobiology of Lipids   (Russian Federation)

^d PEOPLES FRIENDSHIP UNIVERSITY OF RUSSIA   (Russian Federation)

^e Interhospital Medical Center Intermedcenter   (Russian Federation)

Author keywords

Alzheimer's disease; Amyloid ; Amyloid protein precursor; Apolipoprotein E; Cholesterol; Down's syndrome; High density lipoprotein; Hippocampus; Inclusion body myositis; Lipid peroxidation; Lipoproteins; Low density lipoprotein; Markers

Indexed keywords

AMYLOID BETA PROTEIN; AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN; APOLIPOPROTEIN A; APOLIPOPROTEIN ABETA; APOLIPOPROTEIN E; LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR; TAU PROTEIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ALZHEIMER DISEASE; DEGENERATIVE DISEASE; HUMAN; LIPID METABOLISM; LIPID PEROXIDATION; NERVE CELL PLASTICITY; NERVE DEGENERATION; NEUROMUSCULAR SYNAPSE; NEUROTRANSMISSION; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN AGGREGATION; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; REVIEW;

EID: 70350507972     PISSN: 13872877     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-2009-1202     Document Type: Review

References (159)

1. Robinson SR, Bishop GM, Munch G (2003) Alzheimer vaccine: Amyloid β on trial. Bioessays 25, 283-288.
2. Begley S (2004) Is Alzheimer field blocking research into other causes? The Wall Street Journal, http://online.wsj. com/article/SB108145279348578177. html, Accessed on July 10, 2009.
3. Begley S (2004) Scientists world-wide battle a narrow view of Alzheimer cause. The Wall Street Journal, http://online. wsj.com/article/ SB108206188684384119.html, Accessed on July 10, 2009.
4. Koudinov AR. (2004) Part 1: Editorial and publisher corruption. Written evidence for inquiry on Scientific Publication. Select Committee on Science and Technology. Appendix 104: Memorandum from Dr Alexei Koudinov. UK House of Commons Parliamentary Business web site. Available at: http://www.publications. parliament.uk/pa/cm200304/ cmselect/cmsctech/399/399we125.htm, Reprint available at: http://neurobiologyoflipids.org/editors/alexeikoudinov/ pdfdocs/submittedletters/koudinovwrittenevidence.pdf, Accessed July 10, 2009.
5. Bishop GM, Robinson SR, Smith MA, Perry G, Atwood CS (2002) Call for Elan to publish Alzheimer trial details. Nature 416, 677.
6. Koudinov AR, Smith MA, Perry G, Koudinova NV (2002) Alzheimer disease and amyloid beta protein. Science, http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/eletters/296/5575/ 1991 #469, Accessed on July 10, 2009.
7. Crowley D (2003) Selkoe's sale of Elan shares referred to SEC. Times Online, http://www.timesonline.co. uk/article/0,2095-895532,00.html, Accessed on July 10, 2009.
8. Walsh DM, Klyubin I, Fadeeva JV, Cullen WK, Anwyl R, Wolfe MS, Rowan MJ, Selkoe DJ (2002) Naturally secreted oligomers of amyloid beta protein potently inhibit hippocampal long-term potentiation in vivo. Nature 416, 535-539.
9. Rowan MJ, Klyubin I, Wang Q, Hu NW, Anwyl R (2007) Synaptic memory mechanisms: Alzheimer disease amyloid beta-peptide-induced dysfunction. Biochem Soc Trans 35 (Pt 5), 1219-1223.
10. Selkoe DJ (2008) Soluble oligomers of the amyloid betaprotein impair synaptic plasticity and behavior. Behav Brain Res 192, 106-113.
11. Koudinov AR, Koudinova NV (2002) Amyloid hypothesis, synaptic function, and Alzheimer disease, or beware: The dogma is revitalized. British Medical J, http://bmj.com/ cgi/eletters/324/7338/656#22216, Accessed on July 10, 2009.
12. Koudinova NV, Kontush A, Berezov TT, Koudinov AR (2003) Amyloid beta, neural lipids, cholesterol and Alzheimer disease. Neurobiol Lipids 1, 6.
13. Kontush A (2004) Apolipoprotein Abeta: Black sheep in a good family. Brain Pathol 14, 433-447.
14. Koudinov AR, Matsubara E, Frangione B, Ghiso J (1994) The soluble form of Alzheimer amyloid beta protein is complexed to high density lipoprotein 3 and very high density lipoprotein in normal human plasma plasma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 205, 1164-1171.
15. Koudinov AR, Koudinova NV, Kumar A, Beavis R, Ghiso J (1996) Biochemical characterization of Alzheimer soluble amyloid beta protein in human cerebrospinal fluid: Association with high density lipoproteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 223, 592-597.
16. Koudinov AR, Berezov TT (2004) Alzheimers amyloid-beta (Aβ) is an essential synaptic protein, not neurotoxic junk. Acta Neurobiol Exp 64, 71-79.
17. Koudinov AR, Berezov TT, Koudinova NV (2001) The levels of soluble Aβ in different HDL subfractions distinguish Alzheimer and normal aging CSF: Implication for brain cholesterol pathology? Neurosci Lett 314, 115-118.
18. Koudinov AR, Koudinova NV (1997) Soluble amyloid beta protein is secreted by HepG2 cells as an apolipoprotein. Cell Biol Inter 25, 265-271.
19. Ladu MJ, Reardon C, Van Eldik L, Fagan AM, Bu G, Holtzman DM (2000) Lipoproteins in the central nervous system. Ann NY Acad Sci 903, 167-175.
20. Koudinov AR, Berezov TT, Kumar A, Koudinova NV (1998) Alzheimer amyloid beta interaction with normal human plasma high density lipoprotein: Association with apolipoprotein and lipids. Clin Chim Acta 270, 75-84.
21. Koudinov AR, Koudinova NV, Berezov TT, Ivanov YuD (1999) HDL phospholipid: A natural inhibitor of Alzheimer amyloid beta fibrillogenesis? Clin Chem Lab Med 37, 993-994.
22. Koudinov AR, Berezov TT, Koudinova NV (1997) Alzheimer amyloid beta protein association with high density lipoprotein in normal human cerebrospinal fluid: Primary binding to lipid? Soc Neurosci Abstr 23, 537.
23. Paula-Lima AC, Tricerri MA, Brito-Moreira J, Bomfim TR, Oliveira FF, Magdesian MH, Grinberg LT, Panizzutti R, Ferreira ST (2009) Human apolipoprotein A-I binds amyloid- beta and prevents Abeta-induced neurotoxicity. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 41, 1361-1370.
24. Cedazo-Minguez A, Huttinger M, Cowburn RF (2001) Beta- VLDL protects against Abeta(1-42) and apoE toxicity in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. NeuroReport 12, 201-206.
25. Farhangrazi ZS, Ying H, Bu G, Dugan LL, Fagan AM, Choi DW, Holtzman DM (1997) High density lipoprotein decreases beta-amyloid toxicity in cortical cell culture. NeuroReport 8, 1127-1130.
26. Koldamova RP, Lefterov IM, Lefterova MI, Lazo JS (2001) Apolipoprotein A-I directly interacts with amyloid precursor protein and inhibits Abeta aggregation and toxicity. Biochemistry 40, 3553-3560.
27. Whitson JS, Mims MP, Strittmatter WJ, Yamaki T, Morrisett JD, Appel SH (1994) Attenuation of the neurotoxic effect of Abeta amyloid peptide by apolipoprotein E. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 199, 163-170.
28. Kayed R, Head E, Thompson JL, McIntire TM, Milton SC, Cotman CW, Glabe CG (2003) Common structure of soluble amyloid oligomers implies common mechanism of pathogenesis. Science 300, 486-489.
29. Soreghan B, Pike C, Kayed R, Tian W, Milton S, Cotman C, Glabe CG (2002) The influence of the carboxyl terminus of the Alzheimer Abeta peptide on its conformation, aggregation, and neurotoxic properties. Neuromolecular Med 1, 81-94.
30. Yanagisawa K, McLaurin J, Michikawa M, Chakrabartty A, Ihara Y (1997) Amyloid beta-protein (A beta) associated with lipid molecules: Immunoreactivity distinct from that of soluble A beta. FEBS Lett 420, 43-46.
31. Lemkul JA, Bevan DR (2008) A comparative molecular dynamics analysis of the amyloid beta-peptide in a lipid bilayer. Arch Biochem Biophys 470, 54-63.
32. Hung LW, Ciccotosto GD, Giannakis E, Tew DJ, Perez K, Masters CL, Cappai R, Wade JD, Barnham KG (2008) Amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) neurotoxicity is modulated by the rate of peptide aggregation: Abeta dimers and trimers correlate with neurotoxicity. J Neurosci 28, 11950-11958.
33. Pike CJ, Baĺazs R, Cotman CW (1996) Attenuation of betaamyloid neurotoxicity in vitro by potassium-induced depolarization. J Neurochem 67, 1774-1777
34. Kamenetz F, Tomita T, Hsieh H, Seabrook G, Borchelt D, Iwatsubo T, Sisodia S, Malinow R (2003) APP processing and synaptic function. Neuron 37, 925-937.
35. Kamenetz FR, Tomita T, Borchelt DR, Sisodia, Iwatsubo T, Malinow R (2000) Activity dependent secretion of β- amyloid: Roles of β-amyloid in synaptic transmission. Soc Neurosci Abstr 26, 491.
36. Pearson HA, Peers C (2006) Physiological roles for amyloid ? peptides. J Physiol 15, 5-10.
37. Steinbach JP, Muller U, Leist M, LiZW, Nicotera P, AguzziA (1998) Hypersensitivity to seizures in beta-amyloid precursor protein deficient mice. Cell Death Differ 5, 858-866.
38. Lesne S, Ali C, Gabriel C, Croci N, MacKenzie ET, Glabe CG, Plotkine M, Marchand-Verrecchia C, Vivien D, Buisson A (2005) NMDA receptor activation inhibits alpha-secretase and promotes neuronal amyloid-beta production. J Neurosci 25, 9367-9377.
39. Taylor CJ (2008) Endogenous secreted amyloid precursor protein-alpha regulates hippocampal NMDA receptor function, long-term potentiation and spatial memory. Neurobiol Dis 31, 250-260.
40. Askanas V, Engel WK, Alvarez RB (1992) Strong immunoreactivity of beta-amyloid precursor protein, including the betaamyloid protein sequence, at human neuromuscular junctions. Neurosci Lett 143, 96-100.
41. Torroja L, Packard M, Gorczyca M, White K, Budnik V (1999) The Drosophila beta-amyloid precursor protein homolog promotes synapse differentiation at the neuromuscular junction. J Neurosci 19, 7793-7803.
42. Yang L, Wang B, Long C, Wu G, Zheng H (2007) Increased asynchronous release and aberrant calcium channel activation in amyloid precursor protein deficient neuromuscular synapses. Neuroscience 149, 768-778.
43. Wang P, Yang G, Mosier, Chang P, Zaidi T, Gong YD, Zhao NM, Dominguez B, Lee KF, Gan WB, Zheng H (2005) Defective neuromuscular synapses in mice lacking amyloid precursor protein (APP) and APP-Like protein 2. J Neurosci 25, 1219-1225. (Pubitemid 40268964)
44. Yang G, Gong YD, Gong K, Jiang WL, Kwon E, Wang P, Zheng H, Zhang XF, Gan WB, Zhao NM (2005) Reduced synaptic vesicle density and active zone size in mice lacking amyloid precursor protein (APP) and APP-like protein 2. Neurosci Lett 384, 66-71.
45. Wang B, Yang L, Wang Z, Zheng H (2007) Amyolid precursor protein mediates presynaptic localization and activity of the high-affinity choline transporter. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104, 14140-14145.
46. Jaworska-Wilczynska M, Wilczynski GM, Engel WK, Strickland DK, Weisgraber KH, Askanas V (2002) Three lipoprotein receptors and cholesterol in inclusion-body myositis muscle. Neurology 58, 438-445.
47. Koudinov AR, Koudinova NV, Beisiegel U (2002) Cholesterol homeostasis failure at neuromuscular junctions and CNS synapses: A unifying cause of synaptic degeneration? Neurology online, http://www.neurology.org/cgi/eletters/ 58/ 3/438#263, Accessed on July 10, 2009.
48. Koudinov AR, Koudinova NV (2001) Essential role for cholesterol in synaptic plasticity and neuronal degeneration. FASEB J 15, 1858-1860. Available at: http://www. fasebj.org/cgi/content/abstract/00-0815fjev1.
49. Koudinova NV, Koudinov AR (2002) Amyloid beta protein attenuates the synthesis of phospholipids containing choline: Another effector of neural membrane homeostasis? Soc Neurosci Abst, Program No.884.2.
50. Koudinov AR, Koudinova NV (2002) Cholesterols' role in synapse formation. Science 295, 2213.
51. Koudinov AR, Koudinova NV (2003) Amyloid beta protein restores hippocampal long term potentiation: A central role for cholesterol? Neurobiol Lipids 1, 8.
52. Wu J, Anwyl R, Rowan MJ (1995) β-amyloid-(1-40) increases long-term potentiation in rat hippocampus in vitro. Eur J Pharm 284, R1-R3.
53. Wu J, Anwyl R, Rowan MJ (1995) β-amyloid selectively augments NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission in rat hippocampus. NeuroReport 6, 2409-2413.
54. Schulz PE (1996) β-peptides enhance the magnitude and probability of long term potentiation. Soc Neurosci Abstr 22, 2111.
55. Koudinov AR, Koudinova NV (2001) Brain cholesterol pathology is the cause of Alzheimer disease. Clin Med Health Res, clinmed/2001100005. Available at: http://clinmed. netprints.org/cgi/content/full/2001100005v1, Accessed July 10, 2009.
56. Koudinov AR, Koudinova NV (2003) Cholesterol, synaptic function and Alzheimer disease. Pharmacopsychiatry S36, 107-112.
57. Koudinova NV, Koudinov AR (2003) APP and amyloid beta protein are integrated sensor-effector system for neural cholesterol and membrane dynamics regulation Soc Neurosci Abstr, Program No. 23.8.
58. Wahrle SE, Jiang H, Parsadanian M, Kim J, Li A, Knoten A, Jain S, Hirsch-Reinshagen V, Wellington CL, Bales KR, Paul SM, Holtzman DM (2008) Overexpression of ABCA1 reduces amyloid deposition in the PDAPP mouse model of Alzheimer disease J Clin Invest 118, 671-682.
59. Koldamova R (2007) Amyloid precursor protein regulates brain cholesterol metabolism. Neurobiol Lipids 6, 1.
60. Liu Q, Zerbinatti CV, Zhang J, Hoe HS, Wang B, Cole SL, Herz J, Muglia L, Bu G (2007) Amyloid precursor protein regulates brain apolipoprotein E and cholesterol metabolism through lipoprotein receptor LRP1. Neuron 56, 66-78.
61. Koudinov AR, Koudinova NV, Berezov TT(1996) Alzheimer peptides Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-28 inhibit the plasma cholesterol esterification rate. Biochem Mol Biol Inter 38, 747-752.
62. Liu Y, Peterson DA, Schubert D (1998) Amyloid beta peptide alters intracellular vesicle trafficking and cholesterol homeostasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95, 13266-13271.
63. Koudinova NV, Berezov TT, Koudinov AR (1996) Multiple inhibitory effects of Alzheimer peptide Abeta1-40 on lipid biosynthesis in cultured human HepG2 cells. FEBS Lett 395, 204-206.
64. Koudinova NV, Koudinov AR, Yavin E (2000) Alzheimer Aβ1-40 peptide modulates lipid synthesis in neuronal cultures and intact rat fetal brain under normoxic and oxidative stress conditions. Neurochem Res 25, 653-660.
65. Kuperstein F, Reiss N, Koudinova N, Yavin E (2001) Biphasic modulation of protein kinase C and enhanced cell toxicity by amyloid beta peptide and anoxia in neuronal cultures. J Neurochem 76, 758-767.
66. Tamboli IY, Prager K, Thal DR, Thelen KM, Dewachter I, Pietrzik CU, St George-Hyslop P, Sisodia SS, De Strooper B, Heneka MT, Filippov MA, Muller U, van Leuven F, Lutjohann D,Walter J (2008) Loss of gamma-secretase function impairs endocytosis of lipoprotein particles and membrane cholesterol homeostasis. J Neurosci 28, 12097-12106.
67. Czech C, Burns MP, Vardanian L, Augustin A, Jacobsen H, Baumann K, Rebeck GW (2007) Cholesterol independent effect of LXR agonist TO-901317 on gamma-secretase. J Neurochem 101, 929-936.
68. Yoon IS, Chen E, Busse T, Repetto E, Lakshmana MK, Koo EH, Kang DE (2007) Low-density lipoprotein receptorrelated protein promotes amyloid precursor protein trafficking to lipid rafts in the endocytic pathway. FASEB J 21, 2742-2752.
69. Guardia-Laguarta C, Coma M, Pera M, Clariḿon J, Sereno L, Agulĺo JM, Molina-Porcel L, Gallardo E, Deng A, Berezovska O, Hyman BT, Blesa R, Ǵomez-Isla T, Lléo A (2009) Mild cholesterol depletion reduces amyloid-beta production by impairing APP trafficking to the cell surface. J Neurochem 110(1) 220-230.
70. Deane R, Sagare A, Zlokovic BV (2008) The role of the cell surface LRP and soluble LRP in blood-brain barrier Abeta clearance in Alzheimer disease. Curr Pharm Des 14, 1601-1605.
71. Deane R,Wu Z, Sagare A, Davis J, Du Yan S, HammK, Xu F, Parisi M, LaRue B, HuHW, Spijkers P, Guo H, Song X, Lenting PJ, Van Nostrand WE, Zlokovic BV (2004) LRP/amyloid beta-peptide interaction mediates differential brain efflux of Abeta isoforms. Neuron 43, 333-344.
72. Koudinov AR, Koudinova NV (2005) Cholesterol homeostasis failure as a unifying cause of synaptic degeneration. J Neurol Sci 229-230, 233-240.
73. Zhang M, MacKenzie Ingano L, Kovacs DM (2003) Presenilin function regulates Niemann-Pick C1 protein levels. Soc Neurosci Abstr, Program No. 729.5.
74. Hartmann T, Grimm M, Paetzhold A, Grimm H, Ruppert T (2003) Presenilin is essential for cellular lipid homeostasis. Soc Neurosci Abstr, Program No. 666.3.
75. Puglielli L, Konopka G, Pack-Chung E, Ingano LA, Berezovska O, Hyman BT, Chang TY, Tanzi RE, Kovacs DM. Acyl-coenzyme A: Cholesterol acyltransferase modulates the generation of the amyloid beta-peptide. Nat Cell Biol 3, 905-912.
76. Eckert GP, Muller WE (2009) Presenilin 1 modifies lipid raft composition of neuronal membranes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 382, 673-677.
77. Grimm MO, Grimm HS, Tomic I, Beyreuther K, Hartmann T, Bergmann C (2008) Independent inhibition of Alzheimer disease beta- and gamma-secretase cleavage by lowered cholesterol levels. J Biol Chem 283, 11302-11311.
78. Grimm MO, Tschape JA, Grimm HS, Zinser EG, Hartmann T (2006) Altered membrane fluidity and lipid raft composition in presenilin-deficient cells. Acta Neurol Scand Suppl 185, 27-32.
79. Grimm MO, Grimm HS, Patzold AJ, Zinser EG, Halonen R, Duering M, Tschape JA, De Strooper B, Muller U, Shen J, Hartmann T (2005) Regulation of cholesterol and sphingomyelin metabolism by amyloid-beta and presenilin. Nat Cell Biol 7, 1118-1123. Erratum in: Nat Cell Biol (2006) 8, 424.
80. Bales KR, Verina T, Cummins DJ, Du Y, Dodel RC, Saura J, Fishman CE, DeLong CA, Piccardo P, Petegnief V, Ghetti B, Paul SM (1999) Apolipoprotein E is essential for amyloid deposition in the APP(V717F) transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96, 15233-15238.
81. Runz H, Bergmann C, Reitdorf J, Pepperkok R, Hartmann T (2000) Evidence for a possible association of Aβ- generation with the intracellular trafficking of lipoproteinderived cholesterol. Neurobiol Aging 21, S189.
82. Deane R, Sagare A, Hamm K, Parisi M, Lane S, Finn MB, Holtzman DM, Zlokovic BV (2008) apoE isoform-specific disruption of amyloid beta peptide clearance from mouse brain. J Clin Invest 118, 4002-4013.
83. Scharnagl H, Tisljar U,Winkler K, Huttinger M, Nauck MA, Gross W, Wieland H, Ohm TG, Marz W (1999) The betaA4 amyloid peptide complexes to and enhances the uptake of beta-very low density lipoproteins by the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein and heparan sulfate proteoglycans pathway. Lab Invest 79, 1271-1286.
84. Crutcher K, Stanculescu N, Kinoshita J, Teter B, Marques M, Koudinov A, Raber J, Rebeck B, Rockwood S (2001) Transcript of Live Discussion: The role of ApoE in Alzheimer's disease: An alternative view. Alzheimer Research Forum, http://www.alzforum.org/res/for/journal/ crutcher/crutcher transcript.asp, Accessed on July 10, 2009.
85. Shaw CA, Pelech S, Ly PTT (2009) Paradoxical responses to neurotoxic steryl glycosides: Insights from a cellular model of ALS-PDC. Neurobiol Lipids 8, 1.
86. Bedlack RS, Strittmatter WJ, Morgenlander JC (2000) Apolipoprotein E and neuromuscular disease: A critical review of the literature. Arch Neurol 57, 1561-1565.
87. Saito Y, Suzuki K, Nanba E, Yamamoto T, Ohno K, Murayama S (2002) Niemann-Pick type C disease: Accelerated neurofibrillary tangle formation and amyloid beta deposition associated with apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 homozygosity. Ann Neurol 52, 351-355.
88. Wahrle SE, Jiang H, Parsadanian M, Legleiter J, Han X, Fryer JD, Kowalewski T, Holtzman DM (2004) ABCA1 is required for normal central nervous system ApoE levels and for lipidation of astrocyte-secreted apoE. J Biol Chem 279, 40987-40993.
89. Scott Kim W, Chan SL, Hill AF, Guillemin GJ, Garner B (2009) Impact of 27-hydroxycholesterol on amyloid-beta peptide production and ATP-binding cassette transporter expression in primary human neurons. J Alzheimers Dis 16, 121-131.
90. IrizarryMC(2005) Modulation of brain apolipoprotein E levels by the low-density lipoprotein receptor. Neurobiol Lipids 4, 2.
91. Primavera J, Lu BX, Riskind PJ, Iulian M, De La Monte SM (1999) Brain accumulation of amyloid-beta in non- Alzheimer neurodegeneration. J Alzheimers Dis 1, 183-193.
92. Yamazaki T, Chang TY, Haass C, Ihara Y (2001) Accumulation and aggregation of amyloid beta-protein in late endosomes of Niemann-Pick Type C Cells. J Biol Chem 276, 4454-4460.
93. Kaplan B, Haroutunian V, Koudinov AR, Patael Y, Pras M, Gallo G (1999) Biochemical assay for amyloid β deposits to distinguish Alzheimer disease from other dementias. Clin Chim Acta 80, 147-159
94. Quintero EM, Dietschy JM, Xie C, German DC (2000) Neurodegeneration in a cholesterol storage disease: A mouse model of Niemann-Pick C disease. Soc Neurosci Abstr 26, 2059
95. Blanchette-Mackie EJ, Dwyer NK, Amende LM, Kruth HS, Butler JD, Sokol J, Comly ME, Vanier MT, August JT, Brady RO, Pentchev PG (1988) Type-C Niemann-Pick disease: Low density lipoprotein uptake is associated with premature cholesterol accumulation in the Golgi complex and excessive cholesterol storage in lysosomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 85, 8022-8026.
96. Neufeld EB, Cooney AM, Pitha J, Dawidowicz EA, Dwyer NK, Pentchev PG, Blanchette-Mackie EJ (1996) Intracellular trafficking of cholesterol monitored with a cyclodextrin. J Biol Chem 271, 21604-21613.
97. Igbavboa U, Avdulov NA, Chochina SV, Sun GY, Wood WG(2000) Amyloid beta peptides and cholesterol dynamics. Neurosci Lett S55, S25.
98. Sparks DL (1996) Intraneuronal beta-amyloid immunoreactivity in the CNS. Neurobiol Aging 17, 291-299.
99. Refolo LM, Pappolla MA, Malester B, LaFrancois J, Bryant- Thomas T,Wang R, Tint GS, Sambamurti K, Duff K (2000). Hypercholesterolemia accelerates the Alzheimer amyloid pathology in a transgenic mouse model. Neurobiol Dis 7, 321-331.
100. Koudinov AR, Koudinova NV (2000) Modulation of cholesterol metabolism initiates Alzheimer amyloid deposition and neuronal dysfunction. Soc Neurosci Abstr 26, 497.
101. Mori T, Paris D, Crawford F, MullanM(2000) Histochemical detection of cholesterol in the senile plaques of transgenic APPsw mice. Neurobiol Aging 21, S119.
102. Yao JK, Wengenack TM, Curran GL, Poduslo JF (2009) Reduced membrane lipids in the cortex of Alzheimer disease transgenic mice. Neurochem Res 34, 102-108.
103. Blennow K, Zetterberg H (2009) Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis 18, 413-417.
104. Aronov S, Heicklen-Klein A, Ginzburg I (2009) Tau promoter activity in neuronally differentiated P19 cells. Brain Res 874, 1-9.
105. Binder LI, Frankfurter A, Rebhun LI. (2000) Differential localization of MAP-2 and tau in mammalian neurons in situ. In Dynamic Aspects of Microtubule Biology, Soifer D, (ed.), New York Academy of Sciences, New York, pp. 145-166.
106. Hall GF, Chu B, Lee S, Liu Y, Yao J. (1999) The single neurofilament subunit of the lamprey forms filaments and regulates axonal caliber and neuronal size in vivo. Cell Mot Cytoskel 46, 166-182.
107. Takei Y, Teng J, Harada A, Hirokawa N (2000) Defects in axonal elongation and neuronal migration in mice with disrupted tau and map1b genes. J Cell Biol 150, 989-1000.
108. Krucker T, Siggins GR, Halpain S. (2000) Dynamic actin filaments are required for stable long-term potentiation (LTP) in area CA1 of the hippocampus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97, 6856-6861.
109. Bramham CR. (2008) Local protein synthesis, actin dynamics, and LTP consolidation. Curr Opin Neurobiol 18, 524-531.
110. Auer IA, Schmidt ML, Lee VM, Curry B, Suzuki K, Shin RW, Pentchev PG, Carstea ED, Trojanowski JQ (1995) Paired helical filament tau (PHFtau) in Niemann-Pick type Cdisease is similar to PHF-tau in Alzheimer disease. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 90, 547-551.
111. Yoshiyama Y, Lee VM, Trojanowski JQ (2001). Frontotemporal dementia and tauopathy. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 1, 413-421.
112. Sivko R, Krisanova N, Borisova T (2009) Reduced cholesterol content and the effects of inhibitors on Na+-dependent glutamate transport in rat brain nerve terminals. Neurobiol Lipids 8, 2.
113. Wegiel J, Wisniewski HM, Soltysiak Z (1999) Region- and cell-type-specific pattern of tau phosphorylation in dog brain. Brain Res 802, 259-266.
114. Gong C-X, Wegiel J,Wisniewski HM, Badmajew E, Tanaka T, Grundke-Iqbal I, Iqbal K (1996) Tau-pathology in brain of rats after chronic treatment with okadaic acid. Neurobiol Aging 17, S133.
115. Fan QW, Yu W, Senda T, Yanagisawa K, Michikawa M (2001) Cholesterol-dependent modulation of tau phosphorylation in cultured neurons. J Neurochem 76, 391-400.
116. Sparks DL (2008) The early and ongoing experience with the cholesterol-fed rabbit as a model of Alzheimer disease: The old, the new and the pilot. J Alzheimers Dis 15, 641-656.
117. Distl R, Meske V (2000) Microdensitofluorometrically determined free cholesterol is higher in tangled-bearing neurons than in tangle-free neurons. Neurobiol Aging 21, S21.
118. Perry G, Kawai M, Tabaton M, Onorato M, Mulvihill P, Richey P, Morandi A, Connolly JA, Gambetti P (1991) Neuropil threads of Alzheimer disease show a marked alteration of the normal cytoskeleton. J Neurosci 11, 1748-1755.
119. Kuchel GA, Poon T, Irshad K, Richard C, Julien JP, Cowen T (1997) Decreased neurofilament gene expression is an index of selective axonal hypotrophy in ageing. Neuroreport 8, 799-805.
120. Su JH, Cummings BJ, Cotman CW (1993) Identification and distribution of axonal dystrophic neurites in Alzheimersdisease. Brain Res 625, 228-237.
121. Llinas R, Gruner JA, Sugimori M, McGuinness TL, Greengard P (1991) Regulation by synapsin I and Ca2+ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II of the transmitter release in squid giant synapse. J Physiol 436, 257-282.
122. Oleskevich S, Walmsley B (2000) Phosphorylation regulates spontaneous and evoked transmitter release at a giant terminal in the rat auditory brainstem. J Physiol 526, 349-357.
123. Mattson MP (1990) Antigenic changes similar to those seen in neurofibrillary tangles are elicited by glutamate and Ca2+ influx in cultured hippocampal neurons. Neuron 4, 105-117.
124. Goussakov IV, Fink K, Elger CE, Beck H (2000) Metaplasticity of mossy fiber synaptic transmission involves altered release probability. J Neurosci 20, 3434-3441.
125. Boyles JK, Pitas RE, Wilson ER, Mahley RW, Taylor JM (1985) Apolipoprotein E associated with astrocytic glia of the central nervous system and with nonmyelinating glia of the peripheral nervous system. J Clin Invest 76, 1501-1513.
126. Rebeck GW, Alonzo NC, Berezovska O, Harr SD, Knowles RB, Growdon JH, Hyman B, Mendez AJ (1998) Structure and functions of human cerebrospinal fluid lipoproteins from individuals of different APOE genotypes. Exp Neurol 149, 175-182.
127. Demeester N, Castro G, Desrumaux C, De Geitere C, Fruchart JC, Santens P, Mulleners E, Engelborghs S, De Deyn PP, Vandekerckhove J, Rosseneu M, Labeur C (2000) Characterization and functional studies of lipoproteins, lipid transfer proteins, and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase in CSF of normal individuals and patients with Alzheimer disease. J Lipid Res 41, 963-974.
128. Engert F, Bonhoeffer T (1999) Dendritic spine changes associated with hippocampal long-term synaptic plasticity. Nature 399, 66-70.
129. Maletic-Savatic M, Malinow R, Svoboda K (1999) Rapid dendritic morphogenesis in CA1 hippocampal dendrites induced by synaptic activity. Science 283, 1923-1927.
130. Zhuo M, Holtzman DM, Li Y, Osaka H, DeMaro J, Jacquin M, Bu G(2000) Role of tissue plasminogen activator receptor LRP in hippocampal long-term potentiation. J Neurosci 20, 542-549.
131. Qiu Z, Hyman BT, Strickland DK, Rebeck GW (2000) β2- macroglubulin selectively decreases calcium signaling to NMDA via LDL receptor-related protein in cultured hippocampal neurons. Soc Neurosci Abstr 26, 2289.
132. Champagne D, Rochford J, Poirier J (2000) ApoE and LDL receptor knockout mice display acquisition deficits in the Morris water maze. Soc Neurosci Abstr 26, 1546.
133. Igbavboa U, Avdulov NA, Chochina SV, Wood WG (1997) Transbilayer distribution of cholesterol is modified in brain synaptic plasma membranes of knockout mice deficient in the low-density-lipoprotein receptor, apolipoprotein E, or both proteins. J Neurochem 69, 1661-1667.
134. Mason RP, Shoemaker WJ, Shajenko L, Chambers TE, Herbette LG (1992) Evidence for changes in the Alzheimer disease brain cortical membrane structure mediated by cholesterol. Neurobiol Aging 13, 413-419.
135. Matthies H, Schulz S, Hollt V, Krug M (1997) Inhibition by compactin demonstrates a requirement of isoprenoid metabolism for long-term potentiation in rat hippocampal slices. Neurosci 79, 341-346.
136. Joseph J, Shukitt-Hale B, Denisova NA, Martin A, Perry G, Smith MA (2001) Copernicus revisited: Amyloid beta in Alzheimer disease. Neurobiol Aging 22, 131-146.
137. Rottkamp CA, Atwood CS, Joseph JA, Nunomura A, Perry G, Smith MA (2002) The state versus amyloid-beta: The trial of the most wanted criminal in Alzheimer disease. Peptides 23, 1333-1341.
138. White AR, Multhaup G, Maher F, Bellingham S, Camakaris J, Zheng H, Bush AI, Beyreuther K, Masters CL, Cappai R (1999) The Alzheimer disease amyloid precursor protein modulates copper-induced toxicity and oxidative stress in primary neuronal cultures. J Neurosci 19, 9170-9179.
139. Berezov TT,KoudinovAR(2003) Is oxidative stress pathway a physiologic modulator for neural plasticity? 13th Meeting of the European Neurological Society, Istanbul, Turkey, June 14-18, 2003. Abstract Book, P685.
140. Kamsler A, Segal M (2003) Paradoxical actions of hydrogen peroxide on long-term potentiation in transgenic superoxide dismutase-1 mice. J Neurosci 23, 10359-10367.
141. Koudinov AR, Koudinova NV (2003) Epileptiform excitability in mice hippocampus is triggered by lipid peroxidation (LPO) activation and depends on the Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) level. 11th Meeting of the European Neurological Society Paris, France, April 21-25, 2003. Abstract Book, Program No. P760.
142. Auerbach JM, Segal M (1997) Peroxide modulation of slow onset potentiation in rat hippocampus. J Neurosci 17, 8695-8701.
143. Koudinov AR, Berezov TT (2004) Is oxidative stress a physiologic modulator for neural plasticity? Soc Neurosci Abstr, Program No.556.8.
144. Lee DW, Yu BP (1998) Microsomal cytochrome P-450 degradation by in vitro lipid peroxidation. J Nutr Health Aging 2, 162-166.
145. Patro BS, Bauri AK, Mishra S, Chattopadhyay S (2005) Antioxidant activity of Myristica malabarica extracts and their constituents. J Agric Food Chem 53, 6912-6918.
146. Xie Z, Sastry BR (1993) Induction of hippocampal long-term potentiation by alpha-tocopherol. Brain Res 604, 173-179.
147. Koudinov AR, Segal M (1998) Cu/Zn-SOD transgenic mice are impaired in slow onset, long term potentiation. Neurosci Lett 51, S23.
148. Kontush A, Donarski N, Beisiegel U (2001) Resistance of human cerebrospinal fluid to in vitro oxidation is directly related to its amyloid-beta content. Free Radic Res 35, 507-517.
149. Raymond CR, Ireland DR, Abraham WC (2003) NMDA receptor regulation by amyloid-beta does not account for its inhibition of LTP in rat hippocampus. Brain Res 968, 263-272.
150. Whitson JS, Mims MP, Strittmatter WJ, Yamaki T, Morrisett JD, Appel SH (1994) Attenuation of the neurotoxic effect of Abeta amyloid peptide by apolipoprotein E. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 199, 163-170.
151. Lee HG, Zhu X, Castellani RJ, Nunomura A, Perry G, Smith MA (2007) Amyloid-beta in Alzheimer disease: The null versus the alternate hypotheses. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 321, 823-829.
152. Mizuno T, Haass C, Michikawa M, Yanagisawa K (1998) Cholesterol-dependent generation of a unique amyloid betaprotein from apically missorted amyloid precursor protein in MDCK cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 1373, 119-130.
153. Cherny RA, Legg JT, McLean CA, Fairlie DP, Huang X, Atwood CS, Beyreuther K, Tanzi RE, Masters CL, Bush AI (1999) Aqueous dissolution of Alzheimer disease Abeta amyloid deposits by biometal depletion. J Biol Chem 274, 23223-23228.
154. Bishop GM, Robinson SR (2004) Physiological roles of amyloid-beta and implications for its removal in Alzheimer disease. Drugs Aging 21, 621-630.
155. Robinson SR, Bishop GM, Lee HG, Munch G (2004) Lessons from the AN 1792 Alzheimer vaccine: Lest we forget. Neurobiol Aging 25, 609-615.
156. Bishop GM, Robinson SR (2003) Human Abeta1-42 reduces iron-induced toxicity in rat cerebral cortex. J Neurosci Res 73, 316-323.
157. Kontush A (2005) Amyloid-beta: Acute-phase apolipoprotein with metal-binding activity. J Alzheimers Dis 8, 129-137; discussion 209-215.
158. Mattson MP, Pedersen WA (1998) Effects of amyloid precursor protein derivatives and oxidative stress on basal forebrain cholinergic systems in Alzheimer disease. Int J Dev Neurosci 16, 737-753.
159. Castellani RJ, Lee HG, Siedlak SL, Nunomura A, Hayashi T, Nakamura M, Zhu X, Perry G, Smith MA. (2009) Reexamining Alzheimer disease: Evidence for a protective role for AβPP and amyloid-β. J Alzheimers Dis 18, 447-452.