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During the course of this work, we also discovered that nitrones can bind macrocycle 1. Therefore, we designed nitrone 5 in order to prevent pseudorotaxane formation between macrocycle 1 and the nitrone.
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note
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The stereochemical labels trans and cis refer to the relative stereochemistry in the cycloadduct of the proton derived from the nitrone with respect to the ring junction protons (derived from the maleimide). In the trans diastereoisomer, the proton derived from the nitrone is on the opposite face of the fused ring system as the ring junction protons derived from the maleimide. In the cis diastereoisomer, the proton derived from the nitrone is on the same face of the fused ring system as the ring junction protons derived from the maleimide.
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126
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47949098525
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note
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3. Under these conditions, exchange between bound and unbound species is slow on the chemical shift time scale and, therefore, a crude estimate of the association constant can be obtained simply by integrating resonances arising from the two species.
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127
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47949133710
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note
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The dipolar cycloaddition between a nitrone and an N-aryl maleimide is rather insensitive to electronic effects and usually gives a trans/cis ratio between 2.7:1 and 3.3:1.
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128
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47949115792
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note
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3 of this pseudorotaxane shows broad resonances at 25 °C as a result of intermediate exchange on the chemical shift time scale. Therefore, the ROESY experiment was performed at -30 °C (slow exchange limit).
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133
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47949104043
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Altered reactivity of functional groups incorporated within mechanically interlocked structures is a well-established phenomenon. For some examples, see:
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Altered reactivity of functional groups incorporated within mechanically interlocked structures is a well-established phenomenon. For some examples, see:
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137
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0035857562
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Craig M.R., Hutchings M.G., Claridge T.D.W., and Anderson H.L. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 40 (2001) 1071-1074
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Craig, M.R.1
Hutchings, M.G.2
Claridge, T.D.W.3
Anderson, H.L.4
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139
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0030802575
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Leigh D.A., Murphy A., Smart J.P., and Slawin A.M.Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 36 (1997) 728-732
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(1997)
Angew. Chem., Int. Ed.
, vol.36
, pp. 728-732
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Leigh, D.A.1
Murphy, A.2
Smart, J.P.3
Slawin, A.M.Z.4
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140
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0030972332
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Asakawa M., Brown C.L., Menzer S., Raymo F.M., Stoddart J.F., and Williams D.J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 119 (1997) 2614-2627
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J. Am. Chem. Soc.
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Asakawa, M.1
Brown, C.L.2
Menzer, S.3
Raymo, F.M.4
Stoddart, J.F.5
Williams, D.J.6
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141
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47949119023
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note
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-1 higher than that for the reaction of 15 in the absence of macrocycle. Whilst the absolute value of this difference is unlikely to be correct at this low level of theory, it does support, at least qualitatively, the conclusion that binding of the macrocycle introduces a supramolecular steric effect into the system.
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142
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84893169025
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Schmidt M.W., Baldridge K.K., Boatz J.A., Elbert S.T., Gordon M.S., Jensen J.H., Koseki S., Matsunaga N., Nguyen K.A., Su S., Windus T.L., Dupuis M., and Montgomery J.A. J. Comput. Chem. 14 (1993) 1347-1363
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, vol.14
, pp. 1347-1363
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Schmidt, M.W.1
Baldridge, K.K.2
Boatz, J.A.3
Elbert, S.T.4
Gordon, M.S.5
Jensen, J.H.6
Koseki, S.7
Matsunaga, N.8
Nguyen, K.A.9
Su, S.10
Windus, T.L.11
Dupuis, M.12
Montgomery, J.A.13
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143
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84885102778
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Dykstra C.E., Frenking G., Kim K.S., and Scuseria G.E. (Eds), Elsevier, Amsterdam
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Gordon M.S., and Schmidt M.W. In: Dykstra C.E., Frenking G., Kim K.S., and Scuseria G.E. (Eds). Theory and Applications of Computational Chemistry: The First Forty Years (2005), Elsevier, Amsterdam 1167
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Schmidt, M.W.2
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Stewart J.J.P. MOPAC2007 (2007), Stewart Computational Chemistry, Colorado Springs, CO, USA. http://openmopac.net http://openmopac.net
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