Tuning mechanical properties of mesoporous silicas using associating homopolymers/ block copolymer blends as templates

Journal of Physical Chemistry C

Volumn 112, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 53-60

  Li, Xinxin ^a   Song, Lingyan ^a   Vogt, Bryan D ^a  

^a Arizona State University   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMPHIPHILIC TEMPLATE FILMS; MESOPOROUS SILICAS;

BLOCK COPOLYMERS; HOMOPOLYMERIZATION; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES; MESOPOROUS MATERIALS; PORE SIZE; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL);

SILICA;

EID: 38549176157     PISSN: 19327447     EISSN: 19327455     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jp0762727     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Kresge, C. T.; Leonowicz, M. E.; Roth, W. J.; Vartuli, J. C.; Beck, J. S. Ordered Mesoporous Molecular-Sieves Synthesized by A Liquid-Crystal Template Mechanism. Nature 1992, 359 (6397), 710-712.
2. Beck, J. S.; Vartuli, J. C.; Roth, W. J.; Leonowicz, M. E.; Kresge, C. T.; Schmitt, K. D.; Chu, C. T. W.; Olson, D. H.; Sheppard, E. W.; Mccullen, S. B.; Higgins, J. B.; Schlenker, J. L. A New Family of Mesoporous Molecular-Sieves Prepared with Liquid-Crystal Templates. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114 (27), 10834-10843.
3. Zhao, D. Y.; Huo, Q. S.; Feng, J. L.; Chmelka, B. F.; Stucky, G. D. Nonionic triblock and star diblock copolymer and oligomeric surfactant syntheses of highly ordered, hydrothermally stable, mesoporous silica structures. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120 (24), 6024-6036.
4. Zhao, D. Y.; Feng, J. L.; Huo, Q. S.; Melosh, N.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Chmelka, B. F.; Stucky, G. D. Triblock copolymer syntheses of mesoporous silica with periodic 50 to 300 angstrom pores. Science 1998, 279 (5350), 548-552.
5. Lu, Y. F.; Ganguli, R.; Drewien, C. A.; Anderson, M. T.; Brinker, C. J.; Gong, W. L.; Guo, Y. X.; Soyez, H.; Dunn, B.; Huang, M. H.; Zink, J. I. Continuous formation of supported cubic and hexagonal mesoporous films by sol gel dip-coating. Nature 1997, 389 (6649), 364-368.
6. Brinker, C. J.; Lu, Y. F.; Sellinger, A.; Fan, H. Y. Evaporationinduced self-assembly: Nanostructures made easy. Adv. Mater. 1999, 11 (7), 579-585.
7. Grosso. D.; Boissiere, C.; Smarsly, B.; Brezesinski, T.; Pinna, N.; Albouy, P. A.; Amenitsch, H.; Antonietti, M.; Sanchez, C. Periodically ordered nanoscale islands and mesoporous films composed of nanocrystalline multimetallic oxides. Nat. Mater. 2004, 5 (11), 787-792.
8. Sanchez, C.; Soler-Illia, G. J. D. A.; Ribot, F.; Grosso, D. Design of functional nano-structured materials through the use of controlled hybrid organic-inorganic interfaces. C. R. Chim. 2003, 6 (8-10), 1131-1151.
9. Brinker, C. J.; Dunphy, D. R. Morphological control of surfactant-templated metal oxide films. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 2006, 11 (2-3), 126-132.
10. Alberius, P. C. A.; Frindell, K. L.; Hayward, R. C.; Kramer, E. J.; Stucky, G. D.; Chmelka, B. F. General predictive syntheses of cubic, hexagonal, and lamellar silica and titania mesostructured thin films. Chem. Mater. 2002, 14 (8), 3284-3294.
11. Nishiyama, N.; Tanaka, S.; Egashira, Y.; Oku, Y.; Ueyama, K. Vapor-phase synthesis of mesoporous silica thin films. Chem. Mater. 2003, 15(4), 1006-1011.
12. Tanaka, S.; Nishiyama, N.; Oku, Y.; Egashira, Y.; Ueyama, K. Nano-architectural silica thin films with two-dimensionally connected cagelike pores synthesized from vapor phase. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126 (15), 4854-4858.
13. Tanaka, S.; Tate, M. P.; Nishiyama, N.; Ueyama, K.; Hillhouse, H. W. Structure of mesoporous silica thin films prepared by contacting PEO106-PPO70-PEO106 films with vaporized TEOS. Chem. Mater. 2006, 18 (23), 5461-5466.
14. Pai, R. A.; Humayun, R.; Schulberg, M. T.; Sengupta, A.; Sun, J. N.; Watkins, J. J. Mesoporous silicates prepared using preorganized templates in supercritical fluids. Science 2004, 303 (5657), 507-510.
15. Pai, R. A.; Watkins, J. J. Synthesis of mesoporous organosilicate films in supercritical carbon dioxide. Adv. Mater. 2006, 18 (2), 241-245.
16. Coakley, K. M.; McGehee, M. D. Photovoltaic cells made from conjugated polymers infiltrated into mesoporous titania. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2003, 83 (16), 3380-3382.
17. Corma, A. From microporous to mesoporous molecular sieve materials and their use in catalysis. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97 (6), 2373-2419.
18. Lai, Z. P.; Bonilla, G.; Diaz, I.; Nery, J. G.; Sujaoti, K.; Amat, M. A.; Kokkoli, E.; Terasaki, O.; Thompson, R. W.; Tsapatsis, M.; Vlachos, D. G. Microstructural optimization of a zeolite membrane for organic vapor separation. Science 2003, 300 (5618), 456-460.
19. Stein, A. Advances in microporous and mesoporous solids-Highlights of recent progress. Adv. Mater. 2003, 15 (10), 763-775.
20. Yang, S.; Mirau, P. A.; Pai, C.-S.; Nalamasu, O.; Reichmanis, E.; Lin, E. K.; Lee, H.-J.; Gidley, D. W.; Sun, J. Molecular Templating of Nanoporous Ultralow Dielectric Constant (~1.5) Organosilicates by Tailoring the Microphase Separation of Triblock Copolymers. Chem. Mater. 2001, 13, 2762-2764.
21. Maex, K.; Baklanov, M. R.; Shamiryan, D.; Iacopi, F.; Brongersma, S. H.; Yanovitskaya, Z. S. Low dielectric constant materials for microelectronics. J. Appl. Phys. 2003, 93 (11), 8793-8841.
22. Lee, H.-J.; Lin, E. K.; Wang, H.; Wu, W.; Chen, W.; Moyer, E. S. Structural Comparison of Hydrogen Silsesquioxane Based Porous Low-k Thin Films Prepared with Varying Process Conditions. Chem. Mater. 2002, 14, 1845-1852.
23. Ro, H. W.; Char, K.; Jeon, E. C.; Kim, H. J.; Kwon, D.; Lee, H. J.; Lee, J. K.; Rhee, H. W.; Soles, C. L.; Yoon, D. Y. High-modulus spinon organosilicate glasses for nanoporous applications. Adv. Mater. 2007, 19(5), 705-710.
24. Fan, H.; Hartshorn, C.; Buchheit, T.; Tallant, D.; Assink, R. A.; Simpson, R.; Kissel, D. J.; Lacks, D. J.; Torquato, S.; Brinker, C. J. Modulusensity scaling behaviour and framework architecture of nanoporous self-assembled silicas. Nat. Mater. 2007, 6, 418-423.
25. Li, D.; Chung, Y. W.; Wong, M. S.; Sproul, W. D. Nano-Indentation Studies of Ultrahigh Strength Carbon Nitride Thin-Films. J. Appl. Phys. 1993, 74(1), 219-223.
26. Huang, X. Q.; Pelegri, A. A. Nanoindentation measurements on low-k porous silica thin films spin coated on silicon substrates. J. Eng. Mater. Technol. 2003, 125 (4), 361-367.
27. Hurley, D. C.; Tewary, V. K.; Richards, A. J. Surface acoustic wave methods to determine the anisotropic elastic properties of thin films. Meas. Sci. Technol. 2001, 12 (9), 1486-1494.
28. Link, A.; Sooryakumar, R.; Bandhu, R. S.; Antonelli, G. A. Brillouin light scattering studies of the mechanical properties of ultrathin low-k dielectric films. J. Appl. Phys. 2006, 100 (1), 013507.
29. Carlotti, G.; Doucet, L.; Dupeux, M. Elastic properties of silicon dioxide films deposited by chemical vapour deposition from tetraethylorthosilicate. Thin Solid Films 1997, 296 (1-2), 102-105.
30. Mogilnikov, K. P.; Baklanov, M. R. Determination of Young's modulus of porous low-k films by ellipsometric porosimetry. Electrochem. Solid State Lett. 2002, 5 (12), F29-F31.
31. Stafford, C. M.; Harrison, C.; Beers, K. L.; Karim, A.; Amis, E. J.; Vanlandingham, M. R.; Kim, H. C.; Volksen, W.; Miller, R. D.; Simonyi, E. E. A buckling-based metrology for measuring the elastic moduli of polymeric thin films. Nat. Mater. 2004, 5 (8), 545-550.
32. Baklanov, M. R.; Mogilnikov, K. P.; Polovinkin, V. G.; Dultsev, F. N. Determination of pore size distribution in thin films by ellipsometric porosimetry. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., B 2000, 18 (3), 1385-1391.
33. Boissiere, C.; Grosso, D.; Lepoutre, S.; Nicole, L.; Bruneau, A. B.; Sanchez, C. Porosity and mechanical properties of mesoporous thin films assessed by environmental ellipsometric porosimetry. Langmuir 2005, 21 (26), 12362-12371.
34. Tirumala, V. R.; Pai, R. A.; Agarwal, S.; Testa, J. J.; Bhatnagar, G.; Romany, A. H.; Chandler, C.; Gorman, B. P.; Jones, R. L.; Lin, E. K.; Watkins, J. J. Mesoporous silica films with long-range order prepared from strongly segregated block copolymer/homopolymer blend templates. Chem. Mater. 2007, 19 (24), 5868-5874.
35. Tirumala, V. R.; Romang, A. H.; Agarwal, S.; Lin, E. K.; Watkins, J. J. Adv. Mater., in press, DOI: 10.1002/adma.200701577.
36. Vogt, B. D.; Pai, R. A.; Lee, H. J.; Hedden, R. C.; Soles, C. L.; Wu, W. L.; Lin, E. K.; Bauer, B. J.; Watkins, J. J. Characterization of ordered mesoporous silica films using small-angle neutron scattering and X-ray porosimetry. Chem. Mater. 2005, 17(6), 1398-1408.
37. Hillhouse, H. W.; van Egmond, J. W.; Tsapatsis, M.; Hanson, J. C; Larese, J. Z. The interpretation of X-ray diffraction data for the determination of channel orientation in mesoporous films. Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 2001, 44, 639-643.
38. Vogt, B. D.; Lee, H. J.; Wu, W. L.; Liu, Y. F. Specular X-ray reflectivity and small angle neutron scattering for structure determination of ordered mesoporous dielectric films. J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109 (39), 18445-18450.
39. Imperor-Clerc, M.; Davidson, P.; Davidson, A. Existence of a microporous corona around the mesopores of silica-based SB A-15 materials templated by triblock copolymers. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122 (48), 11925-11933.
40. Kruk, M.; Jaroniec, M.; Ko, C. H.; Ryoo, R. Characterization of the porous structure of SBA-15. Chem. Mater. 2000, 12 (7), 1961-1968.
41. Gregg, S. J.; Sing, S. W. Adsorption, Surface Area and Porosity; Academic Press: New York, 1982.
42. Bourgeois, A.; Bruneau, A. B.; Fisson, S.; Demarets, B.; Grosso, D.; Cagnol, F.; Sanchez, C.; Rivory, J. Determination of pore size distribution in thin organized mesoporous silica films by spectroscopic ellipsometry in the visible and infrared range. Thin Solid Films 2004, 447, 46-50.
43. Koselev, A. V.; Khopina, V. V.; El'tekov, Iu. A. Adsorption of toluene-heptane mixtures on silica gels and carbon blacks. Russ. Chem. Bull. 1958, 7 (6), 647-653.
44. Choudhary, V. R.; Mantri, K. Adsorption of aromatic hydrocarbons on highly siliceous MCM-41. Langmuir 2000, 16 (17), 7031-7037.
45. Lee, H. J.; Soles, C. L.; Liu, D. W.; Bauer, B. J.; Lin, E. K.; Wu, W. L.; Grill, A. Structural characterization of porous low-k thin films prepared by different techniques using x-ray porosimetry. J. Appl. Phys. 2004, 95 (5), 2355-2359.