Oxidised cholesterol in milk and dairy products

International Dairy Journal

Volumn 15, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 191-206

  Sieber, Robert ^a  

^a AGROSCOPE LIEBEFELD POSIEUX RESEARCH STATION ALP   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Cholesterol oxidation products; Dairy products; Heat treatment; Light exposure; Milk; Oxidised cholesterol; Storage

Indexed keywords

DAIRY PRODUCTS; FOOD PROCESSING; FOOD STORAGE; OXIDATION;

ANIMAL FOODS; CHOLESTEROL OXIDATION PRODUCTS (COP); STORAGE CONDITIONS; WATER ACTIVITY;

CHOLESTEROL;

DAIRY PRODUCTS; FOOD STORAGE; OXIDATION; STEROLS;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 12344326095     PISSN: 09586946     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2004.07.013     Document Type: Review

References (119)

1. K.M. Al-Ismail, and M.A. Humied Effect of processing and storage of brined white (Nabulsi) cheese on fat and cholesterol oxidation Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 83 2003 39 43
2. M.A. Amer, F.M. Gharavy, and D.B. Kupranycz Sterol oxidation products in thermally oxidized fats and oils Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 63 1986 452
3. M. Ando, H. Tomoyori, and K. Imaizumi Dietary cholesterol-oxidation products accumulate in serum and liver in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice, but do not accelerate atherosclerosis British Journal of Nutrition 88 2002 339 345
4. A.J. Angulo, J.M. Romera, M. Ramirez, and A. Gil Determination of cholesterol oxides in dairy products. Effect of storage conditions Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 45 1997 4318 4323
5. A.J. Angulo, J.M. Romera, M. Ramirez, and A. Gil Effects of storage conditions on lipid oxidation in infant formulas based on several protein sources Journal of American Oil Chemists Society 75 1998 1603 1607
6. J. Bascoul, N. Domergue, J. Mourot, G. Debry, and A. Crastes de Paulet Intestinal absorption and fecal excretion of 5,6α-epoxy-5α-cholesta- 3β-ol by the male Wistar rat Lipids 21 1986 744 747
7. Bican, P. (1984). Oxycholesterine in Milch und Milchprodukten. unpublished results.
8. I. Björkhem, and U. Diczfalusy Oxysterols friends, foes, or just fellow passengers? Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis Vascular Biology 22 2002 734 742
9. I. Björkhem, S. Meaney, and U. Diczfalusy Oxysterols in human circulation which role do they have? Current Opinion in Lipidology 13 2002 247 253
10. Bösinger, S.K. (1991). Zum Vorkommen von Cholesterinoxiden in Milchprodukten. Dissertation Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, 1-129.
11. S. Bösinger, W. Luf, and E. Brandl Oxysterols their occurrence and biological effects International Dairy Journal 3 1993 1 33
12. C. Brandsch, R. Ringseis, and K. Eder High dietary iron concentrations enhance the formation of cholesterol oxidation products in the liver of adult rats fed salmon oil with minimal effects on antioxidant status Journal of Nutrition 132 2002 2263 2269
13. A.J. Brown, and W. Jessup Oxysterols and atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis 142 1999 1 28
14. M.F. Caboni, P. Capella, G. Lercker, and R. Bortolomeazzi Proposta di un metodo di valutazione dei prodotti della trasformazione iossidativa del colesterolo Rivista delle Sostanze Grasse 66 1989 103 106
15. M.V. Calvo, L. Ramos, and J. Fontecha Determination of cholesterol oxides content in milk products by solid phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Journal of Separation Science 26 2003 927 931
16. K.L.H. Carpenter Good COP, bad COP an unsolved murder. Are dietary cholesterol oxidation products guilty of atherogenicity? British Journal of Nutrition 88 2002 335 338
17. S.H. Chan, J.I. Gray, E.A. Goumea, B.R. Harte, P.M. Kelly, and D.J. Buckley Cholesterol oxidation in whole milk powders as influenced by processing and packaging Food Chemistry 47 1993 321 328
18. J.T. Chien, Y.F. Lu, P.C. Hu, and B.H. Chen Cholesterol photooxidation as affected by combination of riboflavin and fatty acid methyl esters Food Chemistry 81 2003 421 431
19. M.E.Z. Cleveland Determination of oxidized cholesterol compounds in commercially processed cow's milk Dissertation Abstracts International B 47 1987 2842
20. M.Z. Cleveland, and N.D. Harris Oxidation of cholesterol in commercially processed cow's milk Journal of Food Protection 50 1987 867 871
21. I. Csiky Trace enrichment and separation of cholesterol oxidation products by adsorption high-performance liquid chromatography Journal of Chromatography 241 1982 381 389
22. F. Dionisi, P.A. Golay, J.M. Aeschlimann, and L.B. Fay Determination of cholesterol oxidation products in milk powders Methods comparison and validation Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 46 1998 2227 2233
23. S. Dzeletovic, A. Babiker, E. Lund, and U. Diczfalusy Time course of oxysterol formation during in vitro oxidation of low density lipoprotein Chemistry and Physics of Lipids 78 1995 119 128
24. H.A. Emanuel, C.A. Hassel, P.B. Addis, S.D. Bergmann, and J.H. Zavoral Plasma cholesterol oxidation products (oxysterols) in human subjects fed a meal rich in oxysterols Journal of Food Science 56 1991 843 847
25. E.T. Finocchiaro, K. Lee, and T. Richardson Identification and quantification of cholesterol oxides in grated cheese and bleached butteroil Journal of American Oil Chemists' Society 61 1984 877 883
26. E.T. Finocchiaro, and T. Richardson Sterol oxides in foodstuffs a review Journal of Food Protection 46 1983 917 925
27. Fischer, K. -H., Grosch, W. (1985). Analysis of oxycholesterols in foods. In: SIK: Lipid oxidation. Biological and food chemical aspects. Lipidforum, Göteborg, 125-134.
28. K.-H. Fischer, G. Laskawy, and W. Grosch Quantitative Analyse von Autoxidationsprodukten des Cholesterols in tierischen Lebensmitteln Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung 181 1985 14 19
29. V.P. Flanagan, A. Ferretti, D.P. Schwartz, and J.M. Ruth Characterization of two steroidal ketones and two isoprenoid alcohols in dairy products Journal of Lipid Research 16 1975 97 101
30. 1H-NMR study of cholesterol autooxidation in egg powder and cookies exposed to adverse storage Journal of Food Science 58 1993 1286 1290
31. E.C.D. Fornas, V.C.D. Martinz-Sales, A.M.D. Camanas, and J.M.D. Baguena Intestinal absorption of cholesterol autoxidation products in the rat Archivos de Farmacologi y Toxicologi X 1984 175 182
32. T.G. Gallina Toschi, G. Penazzi, M.F. Caboni, M.T. Rodriguez-Estrada, G. Bertacco, and G. Lercker Chromatographic study of cholesterol oxidation in some foods of animal origin Industria Conserve 69 1994 115 117
33. K. Granelli, P. Fäldt, L.-A. Appelqvist, and B. Bergenstahl Influence of surface structure on cholesterol oxidation in model food powders Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 71 1996 75 82
34. F. Guardiola, R. Bou, J. Boatella, and R. Codony Analysis of sterol oxidation products in foods Journal of AOAC International 87 2004 441 466
35. F. Guardiola, R. Codony, P.B. Addis, M. Rafecas, and J. Boatella Biological effects of oxysterols current status Food and Chemical Toxicology 34 1996 193 211
36. J. Hiesberger, and W. Luf Oxidation of cholesterol in butter during storage-effects of light and temperature European Food Research Technology 211 2000 161 164
37. P.C. Hu, and B.H. Chen Effects of riboflavin and fatty acid methyl esters on cholesterol oxidation during illumination Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 50 2002 3572 3578
38. H. Imai, N.T. Werthessen, V. Subramanyan, P.W. LeQuesne, A.H. Soloway, and M. Kanisawa Angiotoxicity of oxygenated sterols and possible precursors Science 207 1980 651 653
39. H. Imai, N.T. Werthessen, B. Taylor, and K.T. Lee Angiotoxicity and arteriosclerosis due to contaminants of USP-grade cholesterol Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 100 1976 565 571
40. M.S. Jacobson Cholesterol oxides in Indian ghee possible cause of unexplained high risk of atherosclerosis in Indian immigrant populations Lancet II 1987 656 658
41. I.-L. Kou, and R.P. Holmes The analysis of 25-hydroxycholesterol in plasma and cholesterol-containing foods by high-performance liquid chromatography Journal of Chromatography 330 1985 339 346
42. D. Kristensen, E. Hansen, A. Arndal, R. Appelgren Trinderup, and L.H. Skibsted Influence of light and temperature on the colour and oxidative stability of processed cheese International Dairy Journal 11 2001 837 843
43. M.V. Kumar, K. Sambaiah, and B.R. Lokesh Effect of dietary ghee-the anhydrous milk fat, on blood and liver lipids in rats Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 10 1999 96 104
44. N. Kumar, and O.P. Singhal Effect of processing conditions on the oxidation of cholesterol in ghee Journal of Science of Food and Agriculture 58 1992 267 273
45. Kuzdzal-Savoie, S., Langlois, D., & Krobicka, A. (1978). 3,5-cholestadiene: a "marker" of refined animal fats. XX. International Dairy Congress, E, 368.
46. L. Lakritz, and K.C. Jones Separation and quantitation of cholesterol oxides by HPLC with an evaporative light scattering detector in a model system Journal of American Oil Chemists Society 74 1997 943 946
47. V.K. Lebovics, M. Antal, and O. Gaal Enzymatic determination of cholesterol oxides Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 71 1996 22 26
48. G. Leonarduzzi, B. Sottero, and G. Poli Oxidized products of cholesterol dietary and metabolic origin and proatherosclerotic effects (review) Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 13 2002 700 710
49. G. Lercker, and M.T. Rodriguez-Estrada Cholesterol oxidation presence of 7-ketocholesterol in different food products Journal of Food Composition Analysis 13 2000 625 631
50. J. Linseisen, and G. Wolfram Origin, metabolism, and adverse health effects of cholesterol oxidation products Fett-Lipid 100 1998 211 218
51. J. Linseisen, and G. Wolfram Absorption of cholesterol oxidation products from ordinary foodstuff in humans Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 42 1998 221 230
52. J.M. Luby, J.I. Gray, and B.R. Harte Effects of packaging and light source on the oxidation stability of cholesterol in butter Journal of Food Science 51 1986 908 911
53. J.M. Luby, J.I. Gray, B.R. Harte, and T.C. Ryan Photooxidation of cholesterol in butter Journal of Food Science 51 1986 904 907
54. M.A. Lyons, S. Samman, L. Gatto, and A.J. Brown Rapid hepatic metabolism of 7-ketocholesterol in vivo implications for dietary oxysterols Journal of Lipid Research 40 1999 1846 1857
55. P. Manini, R. Andreoli, M. Careri, L. Elviri, and M. Musci Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization liquid chromatography mass spectrometry in cholesterol oxide determination and characterization Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 12 1998 883 889
56. Mc Cluskey, S.C.M. (1997). Cholesterol oxidation products in whole milk powder: analytical, nutritional, processing and toxicological studies. Thesis Univ. Dublin 1-297.
57. S. Mc Cluskey, J.F. Connolly, R. Devery, B. O'Brien, J. Kelly, D. Harrington, and C. Stanton Lipid and cholesterol oxidation in whole milk powder during processing and storage Journal of Food Science 62 1997 331 337
58. S. Mc Cluskey, and R. Devery Validation of chromatographic analysis of cholesterol oxides in dried foods Trends in Food Science and Technology 4 1993 175 178
59. S. Meaney, M. Hassan, A. Sakinis, D. Lütjohann, K. von Bergmann, A. Wennmalm, U. Diczfalusy, and I. Björkhem Evidence that the major oxysterols in human circulation originate from distinct pools of cholesterol a stable isotope study Journal of Lipid Research 42 2001 70 78
60. D.W. Morel, and C.Y. Lin Cellular biochemistry of oxysterols derived from the diet or oxidation in vivo Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 7 1996 495 506
61. R.J. Morin, B. Hu, and S.-K. Peng Effects of cholesterol oxides on cholesterol metabolism S.-K. Peng R.J. Morin Biological effects of cholesterol oxides 1991 CRC Press, Ann Arbor Boca Raton, London 103 123
62. R.J. Morin, B. Hu, S.-K. Peng, and A. Sevanian Cholesterol oxidation and cancer S.-K. Peng R.J. Morin Biological effects of cholesterol oxides 1991 CRC Press, Ann Arbor Boca Raton, London 191 202
63. B.S. Nath, M.A. Usha, and M.K.R. Murthy Effect of deep-frying on cholesterol oxidation in ghee Journal of Food Science and Technology 33 1996 425 426
64. J.H. Nielsen, C.E. Olsen, C. Duedahl, and L.H. Skibsted Isolation and quantification of cholesterol oxides in dairy products by selected ion monitoring mass spectrometry Journal of Dairy Research 62 1995 101 113
65. J.H. Nielsen, C.E. Olsen, C. Jensen, and L.H. Skibsted Cholesterol oxidation in butter and dairy spread during storage Journal of Dairy Research 63 1996 159 167
66. J.H. Nielsen, C.E. Olsen, J. Lyndon, J. Sorensen, and L.H. Skibsted Cholesterol oxidation in feta cheese produced from high-temperature bleached and from non-bleached butteroil from bovine milk Journal of Dairy Research 63 1996 615 621
67. J.H. Nielsen, C.E. Olsen, and L.H. Skibsted Cholesterol oxidation in a heterogeneous system initiated by water-soluble radicals Food Chemistry 56 1996 33 37
68. J. Nourooz-Zadeh, and L.-A. Appelqvist Cholesterol oxides in Swedish foods and food ingredients milk powder products Journal of Food Science 53 1988 74 79
69. J. Nourooz-Zadeh, and L.-A. Appleqvist Cholesterol oxides in Swedish foods and food ingredients butter and cheese Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 65 1988 1635 1641
70. N.M. O'Brien, Y.C. O'Callaghan, N.M. Lyons, and J.A. Woods Biological effects of dietary cholesterol oxidation products Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research 39 2000 265 273
71. K. Osada, A. Ravandi, and A. Kuksis Rapid analysis of oxidized cholesterol derivatives by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with diode-array ultraviolet and evaporative laser light-scattering detection Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 76 1999 863 871
72. P. Paniangvait, A.J. King, A.D. Jones, and B.G. German Cholesterol oxides in foods of animal origin Journal of Food Science 60 1995 1159 1174
73. P.W. Park, F. Guardiola, S.H. Park, and P.B. Addis Kinetic evaluation of 3β-hydroxycholest-5-en-7-one (7-ketocholesterol) stability during saponification Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 73 1996 623 629
74. O.W. Parks, D.P. Schwartz, M. Keeney, and J.N. Damico Isolation of delta7-cholesten-3-one from butterfat Science 210 1966 416 417
75. C.R. Prasad, and R. Subramanian Qualitative and comparative studies of cholesterol oxides in commercial and home-made Indian ghees Food Chemistry 45 1992 71 73
76. G. Penazzi, M.F. Caboni, P. Zunin, F. Evangelisti, E. Tiscornia, T. Gallina Toschi, and G. Lercker Routine high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of free 7-ketocholesterol in some foods by two different analytical methods Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 72 1995 1523 1527
77. S.-K. Peng, B. Hu, and R.J. Morin Effects of cholesterol oxides on atherogenesis S.-K. Peng R.J. Morin Biological effects of cholesterol oxides 1991 CRC Press, Ann Arbor Boca Raton, London 167 189
78. S.-K. Peng, A. Sevanian, and R.J. Morin Cytotoxicity of cholesterol oxides S.-K. Peng R.J. Morin Biological effects of cholesterol oxides 1991 CRC Press, Ann Arbor Boca Raton, London 147 166
79. S.-K. Peng, B.C. Taylor, E.H. Mosbach, W.Y. Huang, J. Hill, and B. Mikkelson Distribution of 25-hydroxycholesterol in plasma lipoproteins and its role in atherogenesis. A study in squirrel monkeys Atherosclerosis 41 1982 395 402
80. J.E. Pie, K. Spahis, and C. Seillan Evaluation of oxidative degradation of cholesterol in food and food ingredients identification and quantification of cholesterol oxides Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 38 1990 973 979
81. D. Peterson Cholesterol, ghee, & atherosclerosis Lancet II 1987 970
82. K. Przygonski, H. Jelen, and E. Wasowicz Determination of cholesterol oxidation products in milk powder and infant formulas by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry Nahrung 44 2000 122 125
83. B.S. Raheja Ghee, cholesterol, and heart disease Lancet II 1987 1144
84. E. Razzazi-Fazeli, S. Kleineisen, and W. Luf Determination of cholesterol oxides in processed food using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation Journal of Chromatography A 896 2000 321 334
85. M.T. Rodriguez-Estrada, M.F. Caboni, A. Costa, and G. Lercker Gas chromatographic analysis of cholesterol oxidation products on a thermostable medium polarity capillary column Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 21 1998 509 512
86. Rose-Sallin, C. (1996). Le cholestérol et ses produits d'oxydation dans les produits laitiers: aspects analytiques et technologiques. Thèse, Université de Neuchâtel.
87. 7]cholesterol to monitor cholesterol autoxidation artifacts Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 43 1995 935 941
88. C. Rose-Sallin, R. Sieber, and J.O. Bosset Contribution au dosage des oxystérols dans le lait et les produits laitiers-Possibilités et limites des techniques GC-FID Travaux de chimie alimentaire et d'hygiène 85 1994 1 16
89. C. Rose-Sallin, R. Sieber, J.O. Bosset, and R. Tabacchi Validation d'une méthode d'analyse permettant le dosage en parallèle du cholestérol et de ses produits d'oxydation dans les denrées alimentaires Travaux de chimie alimentaire et d'hygiène 87 1996 137 154
90. C. Rose-Sallin, R. Sieber, J.O. Bosset, and R. Tabacchi Mécanismes d'oxydation du cholestérol un article de synthèse OCL - Oléagineux, Corps Gras, Lipides 3 1996 227 235
91. C. Rose-Sallin, R. Sieber, J.O. Bosset, and R. Tabacchi Effets d'un stockage ou d'un traitement thermique sur la formation des oxystérols dans les produits laitiers Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und -Technologie 30 1997 170 177
92. B.D. Sander, P.B. Addis, S.W. Park, and D.E. Smith Quantification of cholesterol oxidation products in a variety of foods Journal of Food Protection 52 1989 109 114
93. B.D. Sander, D.E. Smith, and P.B. Addis Effects of processing stage and storage conditions on cholesterol oxidation products in butter and Cheddar cheese Journal of Dairy Science 71 1988 3173 3178
94. B.D. Sander, D.E. Smith, P.B. Addis, and S.W. Park Effects of prolonged and adverse storage conditions on levels of cholesterol oxidation products in dairy products Journal of Food Science 54 1989 874 879
95. N. Sandner, E. Dahme, H.-G. Liebich, and D. Giesecke Oxycholesterine in der Nahrung und Arteriosklerose Ein Modellversuch am Schwein Advances in Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 20 1990 60 73
96. J. Sarantinos, K. Odea, and A.J. Sinclair Cholesterol oxides in Australian foods, Identification and quantification Food Australia 45 1993 485 490
97. H.G. Schmarr, H.B. Gross, and T. Shibamoto Analysis of polar cholesterol oxidation products evaluation of a new method involving transesterification, solid phase extraction, and gas chromatography Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 44 1996 512 517
98. G.J. Schroepfer Oxysterols modulators of cholesterol metabolism and other processes Physiological Reviews 80 2000 361 554
99. F. Scopesi, P. Zunin, M. Mazzella, M. Testa, R. Boggia, F. Evangelisti, and G. Serra 7-ketocholesterol in human and adapted milk formulas Clinical Nutrition 21 2002 379 384
100. Sen, S., Banerjee, R., Murherjee, K.L., & Sen, D.P. (1994). Oxidised cholesterol content of a few foods, JOTAI XXVI, 17-21.
101. A. Sevanian, and A.R. Peterson The cytotoxic and mutagenic properties of cholesterol oxidation products Food Chemistry and Toxicology 24 1986 1103 1110
102. H. Shan, J. Pang, S. Li, T.B. Chiang, W.K. Wilson, and J. Schroepfer Chromatographic behavior of oxygenated derivatives of cholesterol Steroids 68 2003 221 233
103. R. Sieber Oxidiertes Nahrungscholesterin-eine Primärursache der Arteriosklerose? Eine kritische Literaturübersicht Ernährung 10 1986 547 556
104. Smith, L.L. (1981). Cholesterol autoxidation, Plenum Press, New York.
105. M. Smith, C. Sullivan, and N. Goodman Reactivity of milk cholesterol with bacterial cholesterol oxidases Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 39 1991 2158 2162
106. M.L. Sserunjogi, R.K. Abrahamsen, and J. Narvhus A review paper Current knowledge of ghee and related products International Dairy Journal 8 1998 677 688
107. I. Staprans, X.M. Pan, J.H. Rapp, C. Grunfeld, and K.R. Feingold Oxidized cholesterol in the diet accelerates the development of atherosclerosis in LDL receptor- and apolipoprotein E-deficient mice Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology 20 2000 708 714
108. I. Staprans, X.M. Pan, J.H. Rapp, and K.R. Feingold Oxidized cholesterol in the diet is a source of oxidized lipoproteins in human serum Journal of Lipid Research 44 2003 705 715
109. W.R. Stenzel, and H.P. Wunderlich New scientific findings on cholesterol and determination of its degradation products in foods Archiv für Lebensmittelhygiene 46 1995 103
110. C.Y. Tai, Y.C. Chen, and B.H. Chen Analysis, formation and inhibition of cholesterol oxidation products in foods An overview (part I) Journal of Food Drug Analysis 7 1999 243 257
111. C.Y. Tai, Y.C. Chen, and B.H. Chen Analysis, formation and inhibition of cholesterol oxidation products in foods an overview (part II) Journal of Food Drug Analysis 8 2000 1 15
112. B. Taylor, S.K. Peng, N.T. Werthessen, P. Tham, and K.T. Lee Spontaneously occurring angiotoxic derivatives of cholesterol American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 32 1979 40 57
113. S.J.K.A. Ubhayasekera, T. Verleyen, and P.C. Dutta Evaluation of GC and GC-MS methods for the analysis of cholesterol oxidation products Food Chemistry 84 2004 149 157
114. F. Ulberth, and D. Rössler Comparison of solid-phase extraction methods for the cleanup of cholesterol oxidation products Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 46 1998 2634 2637
115. P. van de Bovenkamp, T.G. Kosmeijer-Schuil, and M.B. Katan Quantification of oxysterols in Dutch foods egg products and mixed diets Lipids 23 1988 1079 1085
116. Walte, H.-G. (1994). Die natürliche Variation des Cholesteringehaltes in der Rohmilch. Dissertation, Universität Kiel, 1-109.
117. W. Xiansheng, T.V. Hung, P.G. Drew, and K. Versteeg Enzymatic degradation of cholesterol in milk Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 45 1990 50 52
118. P.S. Yan Cholesterol oxidation products. Their occurrence and detection in our foodstuffs Advances in Experimental and Medicinal Biology 459 1999 79 98
119. P. Zunin, C. Calcagno, and F. Evangelisti Sterol oxidation in infant milk formulas and milk cereals Journal of Dairy Research 65 1998 591 598