Disturbance of neuronal plasticity is a critical pathogenetic event in Alzheimer's disease

International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience

Volumn 19, Issue 3, 2001, Pages 231-245

  Arendt, Thomas ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEIPZIG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Brain; Information; Nervous system

Indexed keywords

CELL SURFACE RECEPTOR; FOCAL ADHESION KINASE; GROWTH FACTOR; GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR; MICROTUBULE ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE; MITOGENIC AGENT; NEUROTROPHIN; TYROSINE KINASE RECEPTOR;

ALZHEIMER DISEASE; BRAIN FUNCTION; BRAIN REGION; CELL CYCLE; CONFERENCE PAPER; HUMAN; MITOSIS; NERVE CELL; NERVE CELL PLASTICITY; NERVE DEGENERATION; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; PHYLOGENY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ANIMALS; HUMANS; NEURONAL PLASTICITY;

EID: 0035042440     PISSN: 07365748     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0736-5748(01)00007-7     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (280)

1. Structural plasticity of synapses in Alzheimer's disease
2. Neuronal dedifferentiation and degeneration in Alzheimer's disease
3. Alzheimer plaques and cortical cholinergic innervation
4. Alzheimer's disease: Increase in dendritic branching of reticular neurons in the basal nucleus - a sign of regeneration?
5. Preserved neuronal plasticity in the reticular core during aging and in Alzheimer's disease
6. Is Alzheimer's disease associated with reexpression of a developmental protein pattern?
7. Perisomatic sprouts immunoreactive for nerve growth factor receptor and neurofibrillary degeneration affect different neuronal populations in the basal nucleus in patients with Alzheimer's disease
8. Loss of neurons in the nucleus basalis of Meynert in Alzheimer's disease, paralysis agitans and Korsakoff's disease
9. Neuronal loss in different parts of the nucleus basalis is related to neuritic plaque formation in cortical target areas in Alzheimer's disease
10. Dendritic changes in the basal nucleus of Meynert and in the diagonal band nucleus in Alzheimer's disease - A quantitative golgi investigation
11. Amyloid deposition in the nucleus basalis of Meynert complex: a topographic marker for degenerating cell clusters in Alzheimer's disease
12. Maintenance of neuronal plasticity in the reticular core and changes in trophic activity in Alzheimer's disease
13. Changes in acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in Alzheimer's disease resemble embryonic development
14. Reexpression of developmentally regulated proteins in Alzheimer's disease
15. Dendritic reorganization in the basal forebrain under degenerative conditions and its defects in Alzheimer's disease. II. Ageing, Korsakoff's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease
16. Dendritic reorganization in the basal forebrain under degenerative conditions and its defects in Alzheimer's disease. III. The basal forebrain compared to other subcortical areas
17. Paired helical filament-like phosphorylation of tau, deposition of β/A4-amyloid and memory impairment in rat induced by chronic inhibition of phosphatase 1 and 2A
18. Increased expression and subcellular translocation of the mitogen activated protein kinase kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase in Alzheimer's disease
19. Dendritic reorganization in the basal forebrain under degenerative conditions and its defects in Alzheimer's disease. I. Dendritic organisation of the normal human basal forebrain
20. Expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16 in Alzheimer's disease
21. Plastic neuronal remodeling is impaired in patients with Alzheimer's disease carrying apolipoprotein e4 allele
22. Cortical distribution of neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease matches the pattern of neurones that retain their capacity of plastic remodelling in the adult brain
23. Phosphorylation of tau, Aβ-formation, and apoptosis after in vivo inhibition of PP-1 and PP-2A
24. Neuronal expression of cycline dependent kinase inhibitors of the INK4 family in Alzheimer's disease
25. Aberrancies in signal transduction and cell cycle related events in Alzheimer's disease
26. Cortical load of PHF-tau in Alzheimer's disease is correlated to cholinergic dysfunction
27. Age-dependent deterioration of neuronal membranes and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease: a hypothesis
28. Computer-assisted morphometry of synaptic plasticity during aging and dementia
29. Phosphorylation of DARPP-32 by Cdk5 modulates dopamine signalling neurons
30. Inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinase and cancer
31. Immunoreactive epidermal growth factor receptors in neuritic plaques from patients with Alzheimer's disease
32. Long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the dentate area of the unanaesthetised rabbit following stimulation of the perforant path
33. Long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the dentate area of the unanaesthetised rabbit following stimulation of the perforant path
34. Structural characterization of the tumor suppressor p16, an ankyrin-like repeat protein
35. Mapping of the distribution of polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule throughout the central nervous system of the adult rat: an immunohistochemistry study
36. Ras p21 protein promotes survival and fiber outgrowth of cultured embryonic neurons
37. Ras p21 protein promotes survival and differentiation of human embryonic neural crest-derived cells
38. An insulin-stimulated protein kinase similar to yeast kinases involved in cell cycle control
39. ERKs: a family of protein-serine/threonine kinases that are activated and tyrosine phosphorylated in response to insulin and NGF
40. On areas of transition between entorhinal allocortex and temporal isocortex in the human brain - normal morphology and lamina-specific pathology in Alzheimer's disease
41. Neuropathological staging of Alzheimer related changes
42. Development of Alzheimer-related neurofibrillary changes in the neocortex inversely recapitulates cortical myelogenesis
43. Abnormal tau phosphorylation at Ser396 in Alzheimer's disease recapitulates development and contributes to reduced microtubule binding
44. Synaptophysin immunoreactivity is depleted in cortical laminae with dense dystrophic neurites and neurofibrillary tangles
45. Dendritic growth in the aged human brain and failure of growth in senile dementia
46. Cortical plasticity: from synapses to maps
47. Ectopic cell cycle proteins predict the sites of neuronal cell death in Alzheimer's disease brain
48. Brain interleukin-1β in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia
49. Frequent somatic mutations and homozygous deletions of the p16 (MTS1) gene in pancreatic adenocarcinoma
50. Neuro-regeneration: plasticity for repair and adaptation
51. Nuclear localization and regulation of erk- and rsk-encoded protein kinases
52. Mitogen-activated Swiss mouse 3T3 RSK kinases I and II are related to pp44mpk from sea star oocytes and participate in the regulation of pp90rsk activity
53. STAT3 serine phosphorylation by ERK-dependent and -independent pathways negatively modulates its tyrosine phosphorylation
54. Trk receptor alterations in Alzheimer's disease
55. Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) immunoreactivity in the Alzheimer's disease temporal cortex and hippocampus
56. Mutations of cell cycle regulators. Biological and clinical implications for human neoplasia
57. Nerve growth factor and ras regulate β-amyloid precursor protein gene expression in PC12 cells
58. Brain function, synapse renewal, and plasticity
59. Synapse replacement in the nervous system of adult vertebrates
60. Axon sprouting in the rodent and Alzheimer's disease brain: a reactivation of developmental mechanisms?
61. Molecular cascades in adaptive versus pathological plasticity
62. NCAM is essential for axonal growth and fasciculation in the hippocampus
63. Detection of NGF-like activity in human brain tissue: Increased levels in Alzheimer's disease
64. Sending signals from the synapse to the nucleus: possible roles for CaMK, Ras/ERK, and SAPK pathways in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and neuronal growth
65. Quantitative morphometric analysis of the neuronal and synaptic content of the frontal and temporal cortex in patients with Alzheimer's disease
66. Gases as biological messengers: nitric oxide and carbon monoxide in the brain
67. Regulation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and identification of novel nitric oxide signaling pathways
68. Structural correlates of cognition in dementia: quantification and assessment of synapse change
69. Regulation of secretion of Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein by the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade
70. Mitogen activated protein (Map) kinase transforms tau-protein into an Alzheimer-like State
71. Surface modulation in cell recognition and cell growth
72. Cell adhesion molecules in the regulation of animal form and tissue pattern
73. Morphoregulation
74. Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus
75. Cholinergic neurons of the nucleus basalis express elevated levels of nerve growth factor receptor mRNA in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type
76. The role of interleukin-6 in certain age-related diseases
77. Neuronal apoptosis is associated with a decrease in tau mRNA expression
78. Nitric oxide delays the death of trophic factor-deprived PC12 cells and sympathetic neurons by a cGMP-mediated mechanism
79. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF/SF) in Alzheimer's disease
80. Effects of apolipoprotein E genotype on blood lipid composition and membrane platelet fluidity in Alzheimer's disease
81. Proliferative inhibition by dominant-negative Ras rescues naive and neuronally differentiated PC12 cells from apoptotic death
82. Growth of abnormal neurites in atypical Alzheimer's disease. A study with the Golgi method
83. Neuronal alterations in patients with dementia: a Golgi study on biopsy samples
84. Miliare necrosen mit drusigen wucherungen der neurofibrillen, eine regelmässige veränderung der hirnrinde bei seniler demenz
85. Dendritic extent in human dentate gyrus granule cells in normal aging and senile dementia
86. Isoforms of nitric oxide synthase. Properties, cellular distribution and expressional control
87. Analysis of cell cycle related gene expression in postmitotic neurons. Selective induction of cyclin D1 during programmed cell death
88. Nitric oxide-induced apoptosis in human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines is associated with a G1-arrest and increase of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1
89. ras in Alzheimer pathology
90. Neurofibrillary lesions in Alzheimer's disease are associated with 14-3-3 protein
91. ras is an early event in Alzheimer's disease and precedes neurofibrillary degeneration
92. Plasticity of hippocampal circuitry in Alzheimer's disease
93. Senile plaques as aberrant sprout-stimulating structures
94. Molecular markers of reactive plasticity
95. Increased expression of the embryonic form of a developmentally regulated mRNA in Alzheimer's disease
96. Aberrant localization of MAP5 immunoreactivity in the hippocampal formation in Alzheimer's disease
97. EM study of the numbers of cortical synapses in the brains of ageing people and people with Alzheimer-type dementia
98. Psychiatry and the new dynamics
99. p42 MAP kinase phosphorylation sites in microtubule-associated protein tau are dephosphorylated by protein phosphatase 2A1 - implication for Alzheimer's disease
100. Tau proteins of Alzheimer paired helical filaments: Abnormal phosphorylation of all six brain isoforms
101. The abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein at Ser-202 in Alzheimer disease recapitulates phosphorylation during development
102. Induction of basic fibroblast growth factor in Alzheimer's disease pathology
103. The contribution of altered synapses in the senile plaque: an electron microscopic study in Alzheimer's dementia
104. Phosphoprotein phosphatase-activities in Alzheimer's disease brain
105. Nitric oxide activity-dependent neuronal survival
106. Mechanisms and molecules that control growth cone guidance
107. MAP1B expression and microtubule stability in growing and regenerating axons
108. Studies on the comparative anatomy of the ganglion basale of Meynert
109. Membrane components separate early-onset Alzheimer's disease from senile dementia of the Alzheimer type
110. Secreted beta amyloid precursor protein stimulates mitogen activated protein kinase and enhances tau phosphorylation
111. Neuroscience, modularity and personality theory: conceptual foundations of a model of complex human functioning
112. Na+/H+ exchange and growth factor-induced cytosolic pH changes. Role in cellular proliferation
113. INK4d, a p16-related inhibitor specific to CDK6 and CDK4
114. Synaptic loss in Alzheimer's disease and other dementias
115. Signaling through focal adhesion kinase
116. p15INK4B is a potential effector of TGF-beta-induced cell cycle arrest
117. Immunochemical evidence that fragments of phosphorylated MAP5 (MAP1B) are bound to neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease
118. A computational model of the progression of Alzheimer's disease
119. Loss of proteins regulating synaptic plasticity in normal aging of the human brain and in Alzheimer disease
120. Loss of synaptophysin-like immunoreactivity in the hippocampal formation is an early phenomenon in Alzheimer's disease
121. Cell-death and the cell-cycle - a relationship between transformation and neurodegeneration
122. Neuronal growth cone collapse and inhibition of protein fatty acylation by nitric oxide
123. Does neuronal modulation of p21 ras activity induce neurotrophic effects?
124. Nitric oxide donors enhance neurotrophin-induced neurite outgrowth through a cGMP-dependent mechanism
125. Novel INK4 proteins, p19 and p18, are specific inhibitors of the cyclin D-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6
126. Encephalization in hominids: evidence for the model of punctuationalism
127. Neuronal-based synaptic compensation: a computational study in Alzheimer's disease
128. Intercorrelations of regional cerebral glucose metabolic rates in Alzheimer's disease
129. Correlation of cytokine secretion by mononuclear cells of Alzheimer patients and their disease stage
130. The central adaptation syndrome: Psychosocial stress as a trigger for adaptive modifications of brain structure and brain function
131. Stress and the adaptive self-organization of neuronal connectivity during early childhood
132. Massive somatodendritic sprouting of cortical neurons in Alzheimer's disease
133. Induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 (Sdi1/Cip1/Waf1) by nitric oxide-generating vasodilator in vascular smooth muscle cells
134. Interaction foci, information synthesis, and mental activity
135. Modifiable neuronal connections: an overview for psychiatrists
136. Plastic neuronal changes in Alzheimer's disease associated with activation of astrocytes and enhanced neurotrophic activity
137. Neuronal plasticity and astrocytic reaction in Down syndrome and Alzheimer disease
138. The reorganization of somatosensory cortex following peripheral nerve damage in adult and developing mammals
139. A cell cycle regulator potentially involved in genesis of many tumor types
140. Fetal-type phosphorylation of the tau in paired helical filaments
141. The binding of basic fibroblast growth factor to Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques
142. A cdc2-related kinase PSSALRE/cdk5 is homologous with the 30 kDa subunit of tau protein kinase II, a proline-directed protein kinase associated with microtubule
143. Tumor-derived p16 alleles encoding proteins defective in cell-cycle inhibition
144. Neural cell adhesion molecule-stimulated neurite outgrowth depends on activation of protein kinase C and the Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway
145. Alzheimer's disease neurofibrillary tangles contain mitosis-specific phosphoepitopes
146. The neuritic dystrophy of Alzheimer's disease: degeneration or regeneration?
147. Axonal disruption and aberrant localization of tau protein characterize the neuropil pathology of Alzheimer's disease
148. Interaction of bride of sevenless membrane-bound ligand and the sevenless tyrosine-kinase receptor
149. Cyclin D1 is an essential mediator of apoptotic neuronal cell death
150. Nitric oxide regulates cell proliferation during Drosophila development
151. Nitric oxide-stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange on p21 ras
152. Differential activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases by nitric oxide-related species
153. A molecular redox switch on p21 (ras). Structural basis for the nitric oxide-p21 (ras) interaction
154. Synaptic pathology in Alzheimer's disease: immunological data for markers of synaptic and large dense-core vesicles
155. Synaptic pathology of Alzheimer's disease
156. Cyclin D1 expression is regulated positively by the p42/p44MAPK and negatively by the p38/HOGMAPK pathway
157. Implication of brain Cdc2 and Map2 kinases in the phosphorylation of tau protein in Alzheimer's-disease
158. Cultured neurons expressing phosphorylated tau are more resistant to apoptosis induced by NMDA or serum deprivation
159. Laminar and regional distributions of neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques in Alzheimer's disease: a quantitative study of visual and auditory cortices
160. cPLA2 is phosphorylated and activated by MAP kinase
161. Increased expression of cyclin D1 in the adult rat brain following kainic acid treatment
162. Expression of the dihydropyrimidinase related protein 2 (DRP-2) in Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease brain is downregulated at the mRNA and dysregulated at the protein level
163. Nitric oxide and Alzheimer's disease
164. Postnatal development of NADPH-diaphorase positive nerve cells in the visual cortex of the rat
165. INK4a
166. The microtubule-associated protein MAP1B is involved in local stabilization of turning growth cones
167. Navigation-related structural change in the hippocampi of taxi drivers
168. Monoclonal antibody to embryonic CNS antigen A2B5 provides evidence for the involvement of membrane components at sites of Alzheimer degeneration and detects sulfatides as well as gangliosides
169. Glycogen-synthase kinase-3 and the Alzheimer-like state of microtubule-associated protein tau
170. From biophysics to models of network function
171. Mechanisms of synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease
172. Mechanisms of synaptic pathology in Alzheimer's disease
173. The role of synaptic proteins in the pathogenesis of disorders of the central nervous system
174. Immunohistochemical quantification of the synapse-related protein synaptophysin in Alzheimer disease
175. Increased immunoreactivity of brain spectrin in Alzheimer disease: a marker for synapse loss?
176. Immunoelectron microscopic study of synaptic pathology in Alzheimer's disease
177. Abnormal brain spectrin immunoreactivity in sprouting neurons in Alzheimer disease
178. Patterns of aberrant sprouting in Alzheimer's disease
179. Cortical and subcortical patterns of synaptophysinlike immunoreactivity in Alzheimer's disease
180. Three-dimensional analysis of the relationship between synaptic pathology and neuropil threads in Alzheimer disease
181. Localization of amyloid precursor protein in GAP43-immunoreactive aberrant sprouting neurites in Alzheimer's disease
182. Differing patterns of aberrant neuronal sprouting in Alzheimer's disease with and without Lewy bodies
183. The synaptic organization of the neocortex in Alzheimer's disease
184. Topographical distribution of synaptic-associated proteins in the neuritic plaques of Alzheimer's disease hippocampus
185. Synaptic and neuritic alterations during the progression of Alzheimer's disease
186. PDGF is associated with neuronal and glial alterations of Alzheimer's disease
187. Neuronal maturation and synaptogenesis in the rat ventrobasal complex: alignment with developmental changes in rate and severity of axon reaction
188. Signaling events regulating the neurodevelopmental triad. Glutamate and secreted forms of β-amyloid precursor protein as examples
189. The plasticity-pathology continuum: defining a role for the LTP phenomenon
190. Microtubular reorganization and dendritic growth response in Alzheimer's disease
191. Abnormal expression of the cell cycle regulators P16 and CDK4 in Alzheimer's disease
192. Hippocampal plasticity in Alzheimer's disease: changes in highly polysialylated NCAM immunoreactivity in the hippocampal formation
193. Regulation of amyloid precursor protein catabolism involves the mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathway
194. Activation of a PP2A-like phosphatase and dephosphorylation of τ protein characterize onset of the execution phase of apoptosis
195. Effects of growth factors on intracellular pH regulation
196. A possible fetal antigen of Mr 70 000 in neurofibrillary tangles
197. Stimulation of immediate early gene expression in striatal neurons by nitric oxide
198. 14-3-3: modulators of signaling proteins?
199. Cellular pathology in Alzheimer's disease: implications for corticocortical disconnection and differential vulnerability
200. Structural and functional analysis of a mutant Ras protein that is insensitive to nitric oxide activation
201. Cortical neurons express nerve growth factor receptors in advanced age and Alzheimer disease
202. PSA-NCAM is required for activity-induced synaptic plasticity
203. Apoptosis-related protein expression in the hippocampus in Alzheimer's disease
204. Cell cycle markers in the hippocampus in Alzheimer's disease
205. Expression of cell division markers in the hippocampus in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions
206. The cell division cycle and the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease
207. Expression of a phosphorylated isoform of MAP1B is maintained in adult central nervous system areas that retain capacity for structural plasticity
208. pp125FAK in the focal adhesion
209. Src family protein tyrosine kinases: cooperating with growth factor and adhesion signaling pathways
210. Conversion of p35 to 25 deregulates Cdk5 activity and promotes neurodegeneration
211. Dendritic degeneration and regrowth in the cerebral cortex of patients with Alzheimer's disease
212. Plasticity in the organization of adult cerebral cortical maps: a computer simulation based on neuronal group selection
213. Mitogen-activated protein kinases: versatile transducers for cell signaling
214. Amplification of calcium-induced gene transcription by nitric oxide in neuronal cells
215. Nitric oxide triggers a switch to growth arrest during differentiation of neuronal cells
216. Growth-regulated proteins and neuronal plasticity. A commentary
217. Increase of c-fos and ras oncoproteins in the denervated neuropil of the rat dentate gyrus
218. A novel, nerve growth factor-activated pathway involving nitric oxide, p53, and p21WAF1 regulates neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells
219. Microtubule-associated protein tau is hyperphosphorylated during mitosis in the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y
220. Cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation and microtubule binding of tau protein stably transfected into Chinese hamster ovary cells
221. Neuritic plaques in senile dementia of Alzheimer type: a Golgi analysis in the hippocampal region
222. Phosphorylation of c-jun mediated by MAP kinases
223. Assessing some dynamic properties of the living nervous system
224. In vivo PET imaging and postmortem studies suggest potentially reversible and irreversible stages of brain metabolic failure in Alzheimer's disease
225. Behaviorally based modeling and computational approaches to neuroscience
226. Axotomy-induced apoptotic cell death of neonatal rat facial motoneurons: time course analysis and relation to NADPH-diaphorase activity
227. Ras-signaling pathways: Positive and negative regulation of tau expression in PC12 cells
228. Hyperactivation of signal transduction systems in Alzheimer's disease
229. Quantitative assessment of cortical synaptic density in Alzheimer's disease
230. Dendritic sprouting in Alzheimer's presenile dementia
231. NCAM stimulates the Ras-MAPK pathway and CREB phosphorylation in neuronal cells
232. Protein phosphorylation in neuronal plasticity and gene expression
233. Effect of cell spreading on cytoplasmic pH in normal and transformed fibroblasts
234. pH regulation in spread cells and round cells
235. Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome: leukocyte membrane fluidity alterations
236. Distribution and possible roles of the highly polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM-H) in the developing and adult central nervous system
237. A new regulatory motif in cell-cycle control causing specific inhibition of cyclin D/CDK4
238. Oncogenic ras provokes premature cell senescence associated with accumulation of p53 and p16INK4a
239. Signal transduction within the nucleus by mitogen-activated protein kinase
240. Inhibitors of mammalian G1 cyclin-dependent kinases
241. Structure of the Ki-ras gene of the human lung carcinoma cell line Calu-1
242. Alterations of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p19 (INK4D) is rare in hematopoitic malignancies
243. The protein tyrosine kinase, fyn, in Alzheimer's disease pathology
244. Histologische studien über die senile demenz
245. The brain as a self-organizing system
246. Ki-67 immunoreactivity in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders
247. Cell cycle-related protein expression in vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease
248. A novel pool of protein phosphatase 2A is associated with microtubules and is regulated during the cell cycle
249. Activation of Raf as a result of recruitment to the plasma membrane
250. Basic fibroblast growth factor in Alzheimer's disease
251. Epidermal growth factor receptor expression in demented and aged human brain
252. Identification and distribution of axonal dystrophic neurites in Alzheimer's disease
253. Cell cycle-dependent regulation of the phosphorylation and metabolism of the Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein
254. Membrane lipids, selectively diminished in Alzheimer brains, suggest synapse loss as a primary event in early-onset form (type I) and demyelination in late-onset form (type II)
255. Oncogenesis and altered differentiation induced by activated Ras in neuroblasts of transgenic mice
256. Physical basis of cognitive alterations in Alzheimer's disease: synapse loss is the major correlate of cognitive impairment
257. Insulin-like growth factors and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in cerebrospinal fluid and serum of patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type
258. Regulation of neuronal plasticity in the central nervous system by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation
259. LTP promotes formation of multiple spine synapses between a single axon terminal and a dendrite
260. Running increases cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the adult mouse dentate gyrus
261. Mitogenic mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease?
262. Aberrant expression of mitogenic Cdc2/cyclin B1 kinase in degenerating neurons of Alzheimer's disease brain
263. Mitotic phosphoepitopes precede paired helical filaments in Alzheimer's disease
264. Observations on the evolution of the cholinergic system in the telencephalon of vertebrates
265. A high ratio of chromogranin A to synaptin/synaptophysin is a common feature of brains in Alzheimer and Pick disease
266. Molecular mechanisms that underlie structural and functional changes at the postsynaptic membrane during synaptic plasticity
267. Reexpression of a developmentally regulated antigen in Down syndrome and Alzheimer disease
268. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase is induced in spinal neurons by traumatic injury
269. Prenatal development of NADPH-diaphorase reactive neurons in human frontal cortex
270. Brefeldin A-induced apoptosis is expressed in rat neurons with dephosphorylated tau protein
271. Nitric oxide synthase in motor neurons after axotomy
272. Nitric oxide mediates N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-induced activation of p21 ras
273. Focal adhesion kinase expressed by nerve cell lines shows increased tyrosine phosphorylation in response to Alzheimer's A beta peptide
274. Platelet membrane fluidity individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease: a comparison of results from fluorescence spectroscopy and electron spin resonance spectroscopy
275. Prospective study of risk factors for Alzheimer's disease: results at 7.5 years