Signal transduction by the TCR for antigen

Current Opinion in Immunology

Volumn 12, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 242-249

  Kane, Lawrence P ^a   Lin, Joseph ^a   Weiss, Arthur ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADAPTOR PROTEIN; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE; STAT PROTEIN; T LYMPHOCYTE RECEPTOR;

ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELL; CYTOSKELETON; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATION; T LYMPHOCYTE;

EID: 0034093737     PISSN: 09527915     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0952-7915(00)00083-2     Document Type: Review

References (88)

1. van Leeuwen J.E., Samelson L.E. T cell antigen-receptor signal transduction. Curr Opin Immunol. 11:1999;242-248.
2. Qian D., Weiss A. T cell antigen receptor signal transduction. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 9:1997;205-212.
3. Weiss A., Littman D.R. Signal transduction by lymphocyte antigen receptors. Cell. 76:1994;263-274.
4. ••].
5. Geiger T.L., Leitenberg D., Flavell R.A. The TCR zeta-chain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs are sufficient for the activation and differentiation of primary T lymphocytes. J Immunol. 162:1999;5931-5939.
6. Johansson B., Palmer E., Bolliger L. The extracellular domain of the zeta-chain is essential for TCR function. J Immunol. 162:1999;878-885.
7. Shores E.W., Tran T., Grinberg A., Sommers C.L., Shen H., Love P.E. Role of the multiple T cell receptor (TCR)-zeta chain signaling motifs in selection of the T cell repertoire. J Exp Med. 185:1997;893-900.
8. van Oers N.S., Love P.E., Shores E.W., Weiss A. Regulation of TCR signal transduction in murine thymocytes by multiple TCR zeta-chain signaling motifs. J Immunol. 160:1998;163-170.
9. Irving B.A., Chan A.C., Weiss A. Functional characterization of a signal transducing motif present in the T cell antigen receptor zeta chain. J Exp Med. 177:1993;1093-1103.
10. ••], demonstrates for the first time that peptide-mediated T cell antagonism does not absolutely require altered patterns of ζ chain phosphorylation.
11. Kersh E.N., Kersh G.J., Allen P.M. Partially phosphorylated T cell receptor ζ molecules can inhibit T cell activation. J Exp Med. 190:1999;1627-1636.
12. Fernandez-Miguel G., Alarcon B., Iglesias A., Bluethmann H., Alvarez-Mon M., Sanz E., de la Hera A. Multivalent structure of an alpha beta T cell receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 96:1999;1547-1552. Provides the first evidence that each TCR complex contains two ligand-binding subunits.
13. Xavier R., Seed B. Membrane compartmentation and the response to antigen. Curr Opin Immunol. 11:1999;265-269.
14. •].
15. •] provide further evidence for the relevance of lipid rafts in T cell activation.
16. Kosugi A., Saitoh S., Noda S., Yasuda K., Hayashi F., Ogata M., Hamaoka T. Translocation of tyrosine-phosphorylated TCR zeta chain to glycolipid-enriched membrane domains upon T cell activation. Int Immunol. 11:1999;1395-1401.
17. Janes P.W., Ley S.C., Magee A.I. Aggregation of lipid rafts accompanies signaling via the T cell antigen receptor. J Cell Biol. 147:1999;447-461. Provides convincing microscopy data for the redistribution of lipid rafts and resident proteins upon T cell activation.
18. Xavier R., Brennan T., Li Q., McCormack C., Seed B. Membrane compartmentation is required for efficient T cell activation. Immunity. 8:1998;723-732.
19. •], this paper provides strong evidence that lipid rafts are important for effects of TCR signaling on the actin cytoskeleton.
20. •].
21. •] demonstrate for the first time, using LAT deficient cell lines, that LAT palmitylation and subsequent lipid raft localization are required for the propagation of TCR signals.
22. Penninger J.M., Crabtree G.R. The actin cytoskeleton and lymphocyte activation. Cell. 96:1999;9-12.
23. •].
24. Wülfing C., Davis M.M. A receptor/cytoskeletal movement triggered by costimulation during T cell activation. Science. 282:1998;2266-2269. Demonstrates the relevance of the cytoskeleton in early events of T cell activation, that is the concentration of the TCR and co-stimulatory receptors at the site of T-cell-APC (antigen-presenting cell) contact.
25. Ward S.G., June C.H., Olive D. PI 3-kinase: a pivotal pathway in T-cell activation? Immunol Today. 17:1996;187-197.
26. Monks C.R., Freiberg B.A., Kupfer H., Sciaky N., Kupfer A. Three-dimensional segregation of supramolecular activation clusters in T cells. Nature. 395:1998;82-86.
27. Monks C.R., Kupfer H., Tamir I., Barlow A., Kupfer A. Selective modulation of protein kinase C-theta during T-cell activation. Nature. 385:1997;83-86.
28. Shaw A.S., Dustin M.L. Making the T cell receptor go the distance: a topological view of T cell activation. Immunity. 6:1997;361-369.
29. Dustin M.L., Shaw A.S. Costimulation: building an immunological synapse. Science. 283:1999;649-650.
30. Grakoui A., Bromley S.K., Sumen C., Davis M.M., Shaw A.S., Allen P.M., Dustin M.L. The immunological synapse: a molecular machine controlling T cell activation. Science. 285:1999;221-227. Elegant study which attempts to integrate recent developments on kinetics of TCR-MHC interactions with topological models for early events in T cell activation.
31. Liu K.D., Gaffen S.L., Goldsmith M.A. JAK/STAT signaling by cytokine receptors. Curr Opin Immunol. 10:1998;271-278.
32. Welte T., Leitenberg D., Dittel B.N., al-Ramadi B.K., Xie B., Chin Y.E., Janeway C.A. Jr., Bothwell A.L.M., Bottomly K., Fu X.Y. STAT5 interaction with the T cell receptor complex and stimulation of T cell proliferation. Science. 283:1999;222-225.
33. Gerwien J., Nielsen M., Labuda T., Nissen M.H., Svejgaard A., Geisler C., Röpke C., Odum N. Cutting edge: TCR stimulation by antibody and bacterial superantigen induces Stat3 activation in human T cells. J Immunol. 163:1999;1742-1745.
34. Moriggl R., Sexl V., Piekorz R., Topham D., Ihle J.N. Stat5 activation is uniquely associated with cytokine signaling in peripheral T cells. Immunity. 11:1999;225-230.
35. Chu D.H., Morita C.T., Weiss A. The Syk family of protein tyrosine kinases in T-cell activation and development. Immunol Rev. 165:1998;167-180.
36. Denny M.F., Kaufman H.C., Chan A.C., Straus D.B. The lck SH3 domain is required for activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway but not the initiation of T-cell antigen receptor signalling. J Biol Chem. 274:1999;5146-5152. This paper provides intriguing data for the early divergence of signaling pathways downstream of the TCR, using a novel SH3 mutant of Lck.
37. Kapeller R., Prasad K.V., Janssen O., Hou W., Schaffhausen B.S., Rudd C.E., Cantley L.C. Identification of two SH3-binding motifs in the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. J Biol Chem. 269:1994;1927-1933.
38. •].
39. •].
40. •].
41. •].
42. •].
43. •] provide genetic and biochemical evidence for redundancy among various Tec family kinases in T and B cells.
44. Yang W.C., Ghiotto M., Barbarat B., Olive D. The role of Tec protein-tyrosine kinase in T cell signalling. J Biol Chem. 274:1999;607-617.
45. Scharenberg A.M., Kinet J.P. PtdIns-3,4,5-P3: a regulatory nexus between tyrosine kinases and sustained calcium signals. Cell. 94:1998;5-8.
46. •].
47. •] present intriguing data that Itk and Txk/Rlk may serve complementary roles in T cell effector development.
48. Rajagopal K., Sommers C.L., Decker D.C., Mitchell E.O., Korthauer U., Sperling A.I., Kozak C., Love P.E., Bluestone J.A. RIBP, a novel Rlk/Txk- and Itk-binding adaptor protein that regulates T cell activation. J Exp Med. 190:1999;1657-1668.
49. Schraven B., Marie-Cardine A., Hubener C., Bruyns E., Ding I. Integration of receptor-mediated signals in T cells by transmembrane adaptor proteins. Immunol Today. 20:1999;431-434.
50. Zhang W., Sommers C.L., Burshtyn D.N., Stebbins C.C., DeJarnette J.B., Trible R.P., Grinberg A., Tsay H.C., Jacobs H.M., Kessler C.M.et al. Essential role of LAT in T cell development. Immunity. 10:1999;323-332. Demonstrates through the generation of knockout mice that LAT is required for early T cell development, a function that cannot be compensated for by other signaling molecules.
51. Bosselut R., Zhang W., Ashe J.M., Kopacz J.L., Samelson L.E., Singer A. Association of the adaptor molecule LAT with CD4 and CD8 coreceptors identifies a new coreceptor function in T cell receptor signal transduction. J Exp Med. 190:1999;1517-1526.
52. •].
53. •] expand the family of transmembrane adpators to three members and suggest that early T cell signaling (Figure 1) may be significantly more complicated than previously thought.
54. Clements J.L., Boerth N.J., Lee J.R., Koretzky G.A. Integration of T cell receptor-dependent signaling pathways by adapter proteins. Annu Rev Immunol. 17:1999;89-108.
55. Rudd C.E. Adaptors and molecular scaffolds in immune cell signalling. Cell. 96:1999;5-8.
56. •].
57. •].
58. •].
59. •].
60. •] all describe the same novel Grb2 homologue, referred to in the text as Gads. This adaptor may be an important link between the TCR and Ras activation.
61. Sanzenbacher R., Kabelitz D., Janssen O. SLP-76 binding to p56lck: a role for SLP-76 in CD4-induced desensitization of the TCR/CD3 signaling complex. J Immunol. 163:1999;3143-3152.
62. Su Y.W., Zhang Y., Schweikert J., Koretzky G.A., Reth M., Wienands J. Interaction of SLP adaptors with the SH2 domain of Tec family kinases. Eur J Immunol. 29:1999;3702-3711.
63. Perez-Villar J.J., Kanner S.B. Regulated association between the tyrosine kinase Emt/Itk/Tsk and phospholipase-C gamma 1 in human T lymphocytes. J Immunol. 163:1999;6435-6441.
64. Wu J., Motto D.G., Koretzky G.A., Weiss A. Vav and SLP-76 interact and functionally cooperate in IL-2 gene activation. Immunity. 4:1996;593-602.
65. Bubeck-Wardenburg J., Pappu R., Bu J.Y., Mayer B., Chernoff J., Straus D., Chan A.C. Regulation of PAK activation and the T cell cytoskeleton by the linker protein SLP-76. Immunity. 9:1998;607-616.
66. Fang N., Koretzky G.A. SLP-76 and Vav function in separate, but overlapping pathways to augment interleukin-2 promoter activity. J Biol Chem. 274:1999;16206-16212.
67. Kuhne M.R., Ku G., Weiss A. A guanine nucleotide exchange factor independent function of Vav1 in transcriptional activation. J Biol Chem. 275:2000;2185-2190. Provides evidence for an adaptor-like, GEF-independent function for Vav in TCR signaling.
68. Cantrell D. Lymphocyte signalling: a coordinating role for Vav? Curr Biol. 8:1998;R535-R538.
69. Cao M.Y., Davidson D., Yu J., Latour S., Veillette A. Clnk, a novel SLP-76-related adaptor molecule expressed in cytokine-stimulated hemopoietic cells. J Exp Med. 190:1999;1527-1534.
70. Lindholm C.K., Gylfe E., Zhang W.G., Samelson L.E., Welsh M. Requirement of the Src homology 2 domain protein Shb for T cell receptor-dependent activation of the interleukin-2 gene nuclear factor for activation of T cells element in Jurkat T cells. J Biol Chem. 274:1999;28050-28057.
71. Yamazaki T., Hamano Y., Tashiro H., Itoh K., Nakano H., Miyatake S., Saito T. CAST, a novel CD3 epsilon-binding protein transducing activation signal for interleukin-2 production in T cells. J Biol Chem. 274:1999;18173-18180.
72. Pastor M.I., Woodrow M., Cantrell D. Regulation and function of p21ras in T lymphocytes. Cancer Surv. 22:1995;75-83.
73. Ip Y.T., Davis R.J. Signal transduction by the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) - from inflammation to development. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 10:1998;205-219.
74. Pages G., Guerin S., Grall D., Bonino F., Smith A., Anjuere F., Auberger P., Pouyssegur J. Defective thymocyte maturation in p44 MAP kinase (Erk 1) knockout mice. Science. 286:1999;1374-1377.
75. Dong C., Yang D.D., Wysk M., Whitmarsh A.J., Davis R.J., Flavell R.A. Defective T cell differentiation in the absence of Jnk1. Science. 282:1998;2092-2095.
76. Yang D.D., Conze D., Whitmarsh A.J., Barrett T., Davis R.J., Rincon M., Flavell R.A. Differentiation of CD4(+) T cells to Th1 cells requires MAP kinase JNK2. Immunity. 9:1998;575-585.
77. Sabapathy K., Hu Y.L., Kallunki T., Schreiber M., David J.P., Jochum W., Wagner E.F., Karin M. JNK2 is required for efficient T-cell activation and apoptosis but not for normal lymphocyte development. Curr Biol. 9:1999;116-125.
78. Lu H.T., Yang D.D., Wysk M., Gatti E., Mellman I., Davis R.J., Flavell R.A. Defective IL-12 production in mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase 3 (Mkk3)-deficient mice. EMBO J. 18:1999;1845-1857.
79. Thomas M.L. The regulation of antigen-receptor signaling by protein tyrosine phosphatases: a hole in the story. Curr Opin Immunol. 11:1999;270-276.
80. Meng W., Sawasdikosol S., Burakoff S.J., Eck M.J. Structure of the amino-terminal domain of Cbl complexed to its binding site on ZAP-70 kinase. Nature. 398:1999;84-90.
81. Joazeiro C.A.P., Wing S.S., Huang H.K., Leverson J.D., Hunter T., Liu Y.C. The tyrosine kinase negative regulator c-Cbl as a RING-type, E2-dependent ubiquitin-protein ligase. Science. 286:1999;309-312. Provides a novel mechanism for the inhibition of signaling by Cbl.
82. van Leeuwen J.E., Paik P.K., Samelson L.E. Activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells-(NFAT) and activating protein 1 (AP-1) by oncogenic 70Z Cbl requires an intact phosphotyrosine binding domain but not Crk(L) or p85 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase association. J Biol Chem. 274:1999;5153-5162.
83. Zhang Z., Elly C., Altman A., Liu Y.C. Dual regulation of T cell receptor-mediated signaling by oncogenic Cbl mutant 70Z. J Biol Chem. 274:1999;4883-4889.
84. Tang J., Sawasdikosol S., Chang J.H., Burakoff S.J. SLAP, a dimeric adapter protein, plays a functional role in T cell receptor signalling. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 96:1999;9775-9780.
85. Sosinowski T., Pandey A., Dixit V.M., Weiss A. Src-like adaptor protein (SLAP) is a negative regulator of T cell receptor signalling. J Exp Med. 191:2000;463-474.
86. Lopez-Lago M., Lee H., Cruz C., Movilla N., Bustelo X.R. Tyrosine phosphorylation mediates both activation and downmodulation of the biological activity of Vav. Mol Cell Biol. 20:2000;1678-1691.
87. Villalba M., Coudronniere N., Deckert M., Teixeiro E., Mas P., Altman A. A novel functional interaction between Vav and PKC theta is required for TCR-induced T cell activation. Immunity. 12:2000;151-160.
88. Liu J., Kiefer F., Dang A., Hashimoto A., Cobb M.H., Kurosaki T., Weiss A. HPK1 is activated by lymphocyte antigen receptors and negatively regulates AP-1. Immunity. 2000;. in press.