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Volumn 8, Issue 6, 1998, Pages 791-799

The genetic and molecular mechanisms of motor neuron disease

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EXCITOTOXIN; SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE;

EID: 0031672857     PISSN: 09594388     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0959-4388(98)80123-2     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (63)

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    • of outstanding interest. This is a first study designed to test the role of NFs in disease pathogenesis using a genetic approach whereby two neurodegenerative disease models (dystonia musculorum and SOD1-linked FALS) are placed into a stain background such that NFs are excluded from the axons. No significant influence on disease onset or progression was observed in either case, suggesting that an axonal NF-containing cytoskeleton does not play a major pathogenic role in these two models.
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    • of special interest. This report shows for the first time that several FALS-linked SOD1 mutants possess marked reduction in their ability to bind zinc, resulting in an increase in the mutants' ability to catalyze peroxynitrite-mediated tyrosine nitration. This suggests that mutant SOD1 without zinc may play an important pathogenic role in SOD1-linked FALS.
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    • of special interest. This is a first patient study of a large cohort (52 cases) of SMA individuals to correlate the levels of SMN protein encoded by the SMNc gene and the clinical manifestations of the disease; individuals with SMA have a marked deficiency of SMN protein. The results of this study suggest that SMA is caused by an aberrant expression of SMN protein.
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    • Inactivation of the survival motor neuron gene, a candidate gene for human spinal muscular atrophy, leads to massive cell death in early mouse embryos
    • of special interest. This report shows for the first time that homozygous disruption of the SMN gene is associated with massive cell death during early embryonic development, demonstrating that SMN is essential for cell survival and function. The phenotypic differences observed between the loss of SMN in mouse and human can be attributed to gene copy number as there is only a single SMN gene in mice but two SMN genes in humans.
    • Schrank B, Götz R, Gunnersen JM, Ure JM, Toyka KV, Smith AG, Sendtner M. Inactivation of the survival motor neuron gene, a candidate gene for human spinal muscular atrophy, leads to massive cell death in early mouse embryos. of special interest Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 94:1997;9920-9925 This report shows for the first time that homozygous disruption of the SMN gene is associated with massive cell death during early embryonic development, demonstrating that SMN is essential for cell survival and function. The phenotypic differences observed between the loss of SMN in mouse and human can be attributed to gene copy number as there is only a single SMN gene in mice but two SMN genes in humans.
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    • of outstanding interest. This paper reports for the first time the association of SMN with a novel protein, SIP1, as part of a specific complex with several spliceosomal snRNP proteins. These findings suggest that SMA is probably caused by perturbation of spliceosomal snRNP function.
    • Liu Q, Fischer U, Wang F, Dreyfuss G. The spinal muscular atrophy disease gene product, SMN, and its associated protein SIP1 are in a complex with spliceosomal snRNP proteins. of outstanding interest Cell. 90:1997;1013-1021 This paper reports for the first time the association of SMN with a novel protein, SIP1, as part of a specific complex with several spliceosomal snRNP proteins. These findings suggest that SMA is probably caused by perturbation of spliceosomal snRNP function.
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