Noncoding RNAs in the Vascular System Response to Oxidative Stress

Antioxidants and Redox Signaling

Volumn 30, Issue 7, 2019, Pages 992-1010

  Fuschi, Paola ^a   Maimone, Biagina ^a   Gaetano, Carlo ^b   Martelli, Fabio ^a  

^a IRCCS POLICLINICO SAN DONATO   (Italy)

^b GOETHE UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

circular RNAs; long noncoding RNAs; microRNAs; oxidative stress; reactive oxygen species; vascular system

Indexed keywords

CIRCULAR RNA; HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1ALPHA; LONG UNTRANSLATED RNA; MALAT1 PROTEIN; MEG3 PROTEIN; MESSENGER RNA PRECURSOR; MICRORNA; MICRORNA 101; MICRORNA 144; MICRORNA 146A; MICRORNA 155; MICRORNA 181A; MICRORNA 185; MICRORNA 21; MICRORNA 210; MICRORNA 24; MICRORNA 503; MYC PROTEIN; PROTEIN P21; PROTEIN P53; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; RNA; RNA H19; RNA POLYMERASE II; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NRF2; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNTRANSLATED RNA;

APOPTOSIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; CELL ADHESION; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL MIGRATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; CHROMOSOME 9P; DIABETES MELLITUS; ENDOTHELIUM CELL; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; HUMAN GENOME; HYPOXIA; INFLAMMATION; ISCHEMIA; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; REDOX STRESS; REPERFUSION; REVIEW; SMOOTH MUSCLE CELL; SPLICEOSOME; TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION; VASCULAR DISEASE; ANIMAL; BLOOD VESSEL; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENETICS; HOMEOSTASIS; METABOLISM;

ANIMALS; BLOOD VESSELS; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; HOMEOSTASIS; HUMANS; MICRORNAS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES; RNA, LONG NONCODING; RNA, UNTRANSLATED; VASCULAR DISEASES;

EID: 85060529187     PISSN: 15230864     EISSN: 15577716     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7229     Document Type: Review

References (180)

1. Aguilo F, Zhou M-M, and Walsh MJ. Long noncoding RNA, polycomb, and the ghosts haunting INK4b-ARFINK4a expression. Cancer Res 71: 5365-5369, 2011.
2. Ballantyne MD, McDonald RA, and Baker AH. lncRNA/MicroRNA interactions in the vasculature. Clin Pharmacol Ther 99: 494-501, 2016.
3. Balsa E, Marco R, Perales-Clemente E, Szklarczyk R, Calvo E, Landazuri MO, and Enriquez JA. NDUFA4 is a subunit of complex IV of the mammalian electron transport chain. Cell Metab 16: 378-386, 2012.
4. Bartolomei MS, Zemel S, and Tilghman SM. Parental imprinting of themouse H19 gene. Nature 351: 153-155, 1991.
5. Barwari T, Joshi A, and Mayr M. MicroRNAs in cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 68: 2577-2584, 2016.
6. Bell RD, Long X, Lin M, Bergmann JH, Nanda V, Cowan SL, Zhou Q, Han Y, Spector DL, Zheng D, and Miano JM. Identification and initial functional characterization of a human vascular cell-enriched long noncoding RNA. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 34: 1249-1259, 2014.
7. Biswas S, Roy S, Banerjee J, Hussain S-RA, Khanna S, Meenakshisundaram G, Kuppusamy P, Friedman A, and Sen CK. Hypoxia inducible microRNA 210 attenuates keratinocyte proliferation and impairs closure in a murine model of ischemic wounds. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107: 6976-6981, 2010.
8. Bjelakovic G, Nikolova D, Gluud LL, Simonetti RG, and Gluud C. Mortality in randomized trials of antioxidant supplements for primary and secondary prevention: Systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 297: 842-857, 2007.
9. Boeckel J-N, Jae N, Heumuller AW, Chen W, Boon RA, Stellos K, Zeiher AM, John D, Uchida S, and Dimmeler S. Identification and characterization of hypoxia-regulated endothelial circular RNA. Circ Res 117: 884-890, 2015.
10. Boon RA, Hofmann P, Michalik KM, Lozano-Vidal N, Berghauser D, Fischer A, Knau A, Jae N, Schurmann C, and Dimmeler S. Long noncoding RNA meg3 controls endothelial cell aging and function: Implications for regenerative angiogenesis. J Am Coll Cardiol 68: 2589-2591, 2016.
11. Boon RA, Jae N, Holdt L, and Dimmeler S. Long noncoding RNAs: From clinical genetics to therapeutic targets? J Am Coll Cardiol 67: 1214-1226, 2016.
12. Boulberdaa M, Scott E, Ballantyne M, Garcia R, Descamps B, Angelini GD, Brittan M, Hunter A, McBride M, McClure J, Miano JM, Emanueli C, Mills NL, Mountford JC, and Baker AH. A role for the long noncoding RNA SENCR in commitment and function of endothelial cells. Mol Ther 24: 978-990, 2016.
13. Brandes RP, Weissmann N, and Schroder K. Redoxmediated signal transduction by cardiovascular Nox NADPH oxidases. J Mol Cell Cardiol 73: 70-79, 2014.
14. Brock M, Schuoler C, Leuenberger C, Buhlmann C, Haider TJ, Vogel J, Ulrich S, Gassmann M, Kohler M, and Huber LC. Analysis of hypoxia-induced noncoding RNAs reveals metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 as an important regulator of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 242: 487-496, 2017.
15. Bu H, Baraldo G, Lepperdinger G, and Jansen-Durr P. mir-24 activity propagates stress-induced senescence by down regulating DNA topoisomerase 1. Exp Gerontol 75: 48-52, 2016.
16. Caporali A, Meloni M, Nailor A, Mitic T, Shantikumar S, Riu F, Sala-Newby GB, Rose L, Besnier M, Katare R, Voellenkle C, Verkade P, Martelli F, Madeddu P, and Emanueli C. p75(NTR)-dependent activation of NFkappaB regulates microRNA-503 transcription and pericyte-endothelial crosstalk in diabetes after limb ischaemia. Nat Commun 6: 8024, 2015.
17. Caporali A, Meloni M, Vollenkle C, Bonci D, Sala- Newby GB, Addis R, Spinetti G, Losa S, Masson R, Baker AH, Agami R, le Sage C, Condorelli G, Madeddu P, Martelli F, and Emanueli C. Deregulation of microRNA-503 contributes to diabetes mellitus-induced impairment of endothelial function and reparative angiogenesis after limb ischemia. Circulation 123: 282-291, 2011.
18. Carlomosti F, D'Agostino M, Beji S, Torcinaro A, Rizzi R, Zaccagnini G, Maimone B, Di Stefano V, De Santa F, Cordisco S, Antonini A, Ciarapica R, Dellambra E, Martelli F, Avitabile D, Capogrossi MC, and Magenta A. Oxidative stress-induced miR-200c disrupts the regulatory loop among SIRT1, FOXO1, and eNOS. Antioxid Redox Signal 27: 328-344, 2017.
19. Cech TR and Steitz JA. The noncoding RNA revolutiontrashing old rules to forge new ones. Cell 157: 77-94, 2014.
20. Cesana M, Cacchiarelli D, Legnini I, Santini T, Sthandier O, Chinappi M, Tramontano A, and Bozzoni I. A long noncoding RNA controls muscle differentiation by functioning as a competing endogenous RNA. Cell 147: 358-369, 2011.
21. Chan SY and Loscalzo J. MicroRNA-210: A unique and pleiotropic hypoxamir. Cell Cycle 9: 1072-1083, 2010.
22. Chan SY, Zhang Y-Y, Hemann C, Mahoney CE, Zweier JL, and Loscalzo J. MicroRNA-210 controls mitochondrial metabolism during hypoxia by repressing the ironsulfur cluster assembly proteins ISCU1/2. Cell Metab 10: 273-284, 2009.
23. Chen Z, Li Y, Zhang H, Huang P, and Luthra R. Hypoxiaregulated microRNA-210 modulates mitochondrial function and decreases ISCU and COX10 expression. Oncogene 29: 4362-4368, 2010.
24. Choi Y-C, Yoon S, Jeong Y, Yoon J, and Baek K. Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor signaling by miR-200b. Mol Cells 32: 77-82, 2011.
25. Cicchillitti L, Di Stefano V, Isaia E, Crimaldi L, Fasanaro P, Ambrosino V, Antonini A, Capogrossi MC, Gaetano C, Piaggio G, and Martelli F. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1- Alpha induces miR-210 in normoxic differentiating myoblasts. J Biol Chem 287: 44761-44771, 2012.
26. Congrains A, Kamide K, Katsuya T, Yasuda O, Oguro R, Yamamoto K, Ohishi M, and Rakugi H. CVD-associated non-coding RNA, ANRIL, modulates expression of atherogenic pathways in VSMC. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 419: 612-616, 2012.
27. Congrains A, Kamide K, Ohishi M, and Rakugi H. ANRIL: Molecular mechanisms and implications in human health. Int J Mol Sci 14: 1278-1292, 2013.
28. Cortez MA, Valdecanas D, Zhang X, Zhan Y, Bhardwaj V, Calin GA, Komaki R, Giri DK, Quini CC, Wolfe T, Peltier HJ, Bader AG, Heymach JV, Meyn RE, and Welsh JW. Therapeutic delivery of miR-200c enhances radiosensitivity in lung cancer. Mol Ther 22: 1494-1503, 2014.
29. Csiszar A, Gautam T, Sosnowska D, Tarantini S, Banki E, Tucsek Z, Toth P, Losonczy G, Koller A, Reglodi D, Giles CB, Wren JD, Sonntag WE, and Ungvari Z. Caloric restriction confers persistent anti-oxidative, pro-angiogenic, and anti-inflammatory effects and promotes anti-aging miRNA expression profile in cerebromicrovascular endothelial cells of aged rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 307: H292-H306, 2014.
30. Daiber A, Steven S, Weber A, Shuvaev VV, Muzykantov VR, Laher I, Li H, Lamas S, and Munzel T. Targeting vascular (endothelial) dysfunction. Br J Pharmacol 174: 1591-1619, 2017.
31. Denzler R, Agarwal V, Stefano J, Bartel DP, and Stoffel M. Assessing the ceRNA hypothesis with quantitative measurements of miRNA and target abundance. Mol Cell 54: 766-776, 2014.
32. Devaux Y, Zangrando J, Schroen B, Creemers EE, Pedrazzini T, Chang C-P, Dorn GW 2nd, Thum T, and Heymans S. Long noncoding RNAs in cardiac development and ageing. Nat Rev Cardiol 12: 415-425, 2015.
33. Devlin C, Greco S, Martelli F, and Ivan M. miR-210: More than a silent player in hypoxia. IUBMB Life 63: 94-100, 2011.
34. Diaz F, Fukui H, Garcia S, and Moraes CT. Cytochrome c oxidase is required for the assembly/stability of respiratory complex I in mouse fibroblasts. Mol Cell Biol 26: 4872-4881, 2006.
35. Djebali S, Davis CA, Merkel A, Dobin A, Lassmann T, Mortazavi A, Tanzer A, Lagarde J, Lin W, Schlesinger F, Xue C, Marinov GK, Khatun J, Williams BA, Zaleski C, Rozowsky J, Roder M, Kokocinski F, Abdelhamid RF, Alioto T, Antoshechkin I, Baer MT, Bar NS, Batut P, Bell K, Bell I, Chakrabortty S, Chen X, Chrast J, Curado J, Derrien T, Drenkow J, Dumais E, Dumais J, Duttagupta R, Falconnet E, Fastuca M, Fejes-Toth K, Ferreira P, Foissac S, Fullwood MJ, Gao H, Gonzalez D, Gordon A, Gunawardena H, Howald C, Jha S, Johnson R, Kapranov P, King B, Kingswood C, Luo OJ, Park E, Persaud K, Preall JB, Ribeca P, Risk B, Robyr D, Sammeth M, Schaffer L, See L-H, Shahab A, Skancke J, Suzuki AM, Takahashi H, Tilgner H, Trout D, Walters N, Wang H, Wrobel J, Yu Y, Ruan X, Hayashizaki Y, Harrow J, Gerstein M, Hubbard T, Reymond A, Antonarakis SE, Hannon G, Giddings MC, Ruan Y, Wold B, Carninci P, Guigo R, and Gingeras TR. Landscape of transcription in human cells. Nature 489: 101-108, 2012. 36. Eades G, YangM, Yao Y, Zhang Y, and Zhou Q. miR-200a regulates Nrf2 activation by targeting Keap1 mRNA in breast cancer cells. J Biol Chem 286: 40725-40733, 2011.
36. Eken SM, Jin H, Chernogubova E, Li Y, Simon N, Sun C, Korzunowicz G, Busch A, Backlund A, Osterholm C, Razuvaev A, Renne T, Eckstein H-H, Pelisek J, Eriksson P, Gonzalez Diez M, Matic Perisic LP, Schellinger IN, Raaz U, Leeper NJ, Hansson GK, Paulsson-Berne G, Hedin U, and Maegdefessel L. MicroRNA-210 enhances fibrous cap stability in advanced atherosclerotic lesions. Circ Res 120: 633-644, 2017.
37. Engreitz JM, Sirokman K, McDonel P, Shishkin AA, Surka C, Russell P, Grossman SR, Chow AY, Guttman M, and Lander ES. RNA-RNA interactions enable specific targeting of noncoding RNAs to nascent Pre-mRNAs and chromatin sites. Cell 159: 188-199, 2014.
38. Fabian MR, Sonenberg N, and Filipowicz W. Regulation of mRNA translation and stability by microRNAs. Annu Rev Biochem 79: 351-379, 2010.
39. Faghihi MA, Modarresi F, Khalil AM, Wood DE, Sahagan BG, Morgan TE, Finch CE, St Laurent G 3rd, Kenny PJ, and Wahlestedt C. Expression of a noncoding RNA is elevated in Alzheimer's disease and drives rapid feedforward regulation of beta-secretase. Nat Med 14: 723-730, 2008.
40. Faghihi MA, Zhang M, Huang J, Modarresi F, Van der Brug MP, Nalls MA, Cookson MR, St-Laurent G 3rd, and Wahlestedt C. Evidence for natural antisense transcriptmediated inhibition of microRNA function. Genome Biol 11: R56, 2010.
41. Fasanaro P, D'Alessandra Y, Di Stefano V, Melchionna R, Romani S, Pompilio G, Capogrossi MC, and Martelli F. MicroRNA-210 modulates endothelial cell response to hypoxia and inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinase ligand Ephrin-A3. J Biol Chem 283: 15878-15883, 2008.
42. Fasanaro P, Greco S, Lorenzi M, Pescatori M, Brioschi M, Kulshreshtha R, Banfi C, Stubbs A, Calin GA, Ivan M, Capogrossi MC, and Martelli F. An integrated approach for experimental target identification of hypoxia-induced miR-210. J Biol Chem 284: 35134-35143, 2009.
43. Favaro E, Ramachandran A, McCormick R, Gee H, Blancher C, Crosby M, Devlin C, Blick C, Buffa F, Li J-L, Vojnovic B, Pires das Neves R, Glazer P, Iborra F, Ivan M, Ragoussis J, and Harris AL. MicroRNA-210 regulates mitochondrial free radical response to hypoxia and krebs cycle in cancer cells by targeting iron sulfur cluster protein ISCU. PLoS One 5: E10345, 2010.
44. Fiedler J, Breckwoldt K, Remmele CW, Hartmann D, Dittrich M, Pfanne A, Just A, Xiao K, Kunz M, Muller T, Hansen A, Geffers R, Dandekar T, Eschenhagen T, and Thum T. Development of long noncoding RNA-based strategies to modulate tissue vascularization. J Am Coll Cardiol 66: 2005-2015, 2015.
45. Fiedler J, Jazbutyte V, Kirchmaier BC, Gupta SK, Lorenzen J, Hartmann D, Galuppo P, Kneitz S, Pena JTG, Sohn-Lee C, Loyer X, Soutschek J, Brand T, Tuschl T, Heineke J, Martin U, Schulte-Merker S, Ertl G, Engelhardt S, Bauersachs J, and Thum T. MicroRNA-24 regulates vascularity after myocardial infarction. Circulation 124: 720-730, 2011.
46. Fiedler J, Stohr A, Gupta SK, Hartmann D, Holzmann A, Just A, Hansen A, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, Eschenhagen T, and Thum T. Functional microRNA library screening identifies the hypoxamir miR-24 as a potent regulator of smooth muscle cell proliferation and vascularization. Antioxid Redox Signal 21: 1167-1176, 2014.
47. Fleissner F, Jazbutyte V, Fiedler J, Gupta SK, Yin X, Xu Q, Galuppo P, Kneitz S, Mayr M, Ertl G, Bauersachs J, and Thum T. Short communication: Asymmetric dimethylarginine impairs angiogenic progenitor cell function in patients with coronary artery disease through a microRNA-21-dependent mechanism. Circ Res 107: 138-143, 2010.
48. Gao W, Zhu M, Wang H, Zhao S, Zhao D, Yang Y, Wang Z-M, Wang F, Yang Z-J, Lu X, and Wang L-S. Association of polymorphisms in long non-coding RNA H19 with coronary artery disease risk in a Chinese population. Mutat Res 772: 15-22, 2015.
49. Ghatak S, Li J, Chan YC, Gnyawali SC, Steen E, Yung BC, Khanna S, Roy S, Lee RJ, and Sen CK. AntihypoxamiR functionalized gramicidin lipid nanoparticles rescue against ischemic memory improving cutaneous wound healing. Nanomedicine 12: 1827-1831, 2016.
50. Giannakakis A, Zhang J, Jenjaroenpun P, Nama S, Zainolabidin N, Aau MY, Yarmishyn AA, Vaz C, Ivshina AV, Grinchuk OV, Voorhoeve M, Vardy LA, Sampath P, Kuznetsov VA, Kurochkin IV, and Guccione E. Contrasting expression patterns of coding and noncoding parts of the human genome upon oxidative stress. Sci Rep 5: 9737, 2015.
51. Giovarelli M, Bucci G, Ramos A, Bordo D, Wilusz CJ, Chen C-Y, Puppo M, Briata P, and Gherzi R. H19 long noncoding RNA controls the mRNA decay promoting function of KSRP. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111: E5023- E5028, 2014.
52. Gordon FE, Nutt CL, Cheunsuchon P, Nakayama Y, Provencher KA, Rice KA, Zhou Y, Zhang X, and Klibanski A. Increased expression of angiogenic genes in the brains of mouse meg3-null embryos. Endocrinology 151: 2443-2452, 2010.
53. Greco S, Gaetano C, and Martelli F. HypoxamiR regulation and function in ischemic cardiovascular diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 21: 1202-1219, 2014.
54. Greco S, Gorospe M, and Martelli F. Noncoding RNA in age-related cardiovascular diseases. J Mol Cell Cardiol 83: 142-155, 2015.
55. Greco S, Zaccagnini G, Fuschi P, Voellenkle C, Carrara M, Sadeghi I, Bearzi C, Maimone B, Castelvecchio S, Stellos K, Gaetano C, Menicanti L, and Martelli F. Increased Bace1-as long noncoding RNA And beta-amyloid levels in heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 113: 453-463, 2017.
56. Greco S, Zaccagnini G, Perfetti A, Fuschi P, Valaperta R, Voellenkle C, Castelvecchio S, Gaetano C, Finato N, Beltrami AP, Menicanti L, and Martelli F. Long noncoding RNA dysregulation in ischemic heart failure. J Transl Med 14: 183, 2016.
57. Han DK, Khaing ZZ, Pollock RA, Haudenschild CC, and Liau G. H19, a marker of developmental transition, is reexpressed in human atherosclerotic plaques and is regulated by the insulin family of growth factors in cultured rabbit smooth muscle cells. J Clin Invest 97: 1276-1285, 1996.
58. Handy DE and Loscalzo J. Responses to reductive stress in the cardiovascular system. Free Radic Biol Med 109: 114-124, 2017.
59. Hansen TB, Jensen TI, Clausen BH, Bramsen JB, Finsen B, Damgaard CK, and Kjems J. Natural RNA circles function as efficient microRNA sponges. Nature 495: 384-388, 2013.
60. Harismendy O, Notani D, Song X, Rahim NG, Tanasa B, Heintzman N, Ren B, Fu X-D, Topol EJ, Rosenfeld MG, and Frazer KA. 9p21 DNA variants associated with coronary artery disease impair interferon-gamma signalling response. Nature 470: 264-268, 2011.
61. He M, Lu Y, Xu S, Mao L, Zhang L, Duan W, Liu C, Pi H, Zhang Y, Zhong M, Yu Z, and Zhou Z. MiRNA-210 modulates a nickel-induced cellular energy metabolism shift by repressing the iron-sulfur cluster assembly proteins ISCU1/2 in Neuro-2a cells. Cell Death Dis 5: E1090, 2014.
62. He Y, Huang C, Sun X, Long X, Lv X, and Li J. MicroRNA-146a modulates TGF-beta1-induced hepatic stellate cell proliferation by targeting SMAD4. Cell Signal 24: 1923-1930, 2012.
63. Holdt LM, Hoffmann S, Sass K, Langenberger D, Scholz M, Krohn K, Finstermeier K, Stahringer A, Wilfert W, Beutner F, Gielen S, Schuler G, Gabel G, Bergert H, Bechmann I, Stadler PF, Thiery J, and Teupser D. Alu elements in ANRIL non-coding RNA at chromosome 9p21 modulate atherogenic cell functions through transregulation of gene networks. PLoS Genet 9: E1003588, 2013.
64. Holdt LM, Stahringer A, Sass K, Pichler G, Kulak NA, Wilfert W, Kohlmaier A, Herbst A, Northoff BH, Nicolaou A, Gabel G, Beutner F, Scholz M, Thiery J, Musunuru K, Krohn K, Mann M, and Teupser D. Circular non-coding RNA ANRIL modulates ribosomal RNA maturation and atherosclerosis in humans. Nat Commun 7: 12429, 2016.
65. Holdt LM and Teupser D. From genotype to phenotype in human atherosclerosis-Recent findings. Curr Opin Lipidol 24: 410-418, 2013.
66. Hou W, Tian Q, Zheng J, and Bonkovsky HL. MicroRNA-196 represses Bach1 protein and hepatitis C virus gene expression in human hepatoma cells expressing hepatitis C viral proteins. Hepatology 51: 1494-1504, 2010.
67. Hu S, Huang M, Li Z, Jia F, Ghosh Z, Lijkwan MA, Fasanaro P, Sun N, Wang X, Martelli F, Robbins RC, and Wu JC. MicroRNA-210 as a novel therapy for treatment of ischemic heart disease. Circulation 122: S124-S131, 2010.
68. Huarte M, Guttman M, Feldser D, Garber M, Koziol MJ, Kenzelmann-Broz D, Khalil AM, Zuk O, Amit I, Rabani M, Attardi LD, Regev A, Lander ES, Jacks T, and Rinn JL. A large intergenic noncoding RNA induced by p53 mediates global gene repression in the p53 response. Cell 142: 409-419, 2010.
69. Jang WS, Cho KS, Kim MS, Yoon CY, Kang DH, Kang YJ, Jeong WS, Ham WS, and Choi YD. The prognostic significance of postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio after radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer. Oncotarget 8:11778-11787, 2017.
70. Janssen HLA, Reesink HW, Lawitz EJ, Zeuzem S, Rodriguez-Torres M, Patel K, van der Meer AJ, Patick AK, Chen A, Zhou Y, Persson R, King BD, Kauppinen S, Levin AA, and Hodges MR. Treatment of HCV infection by targeting microRNA. N Engl J Med 368: 1685-1694, 2013.
71. Jiang Y, Li L, Tan X, Liu B, Zhang Y, and Li C. miR-210 mediates vagus nerve stimulation-induced antioxidant stress and anti-apoptosis reactions following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. J Neurochem 134: 173-181, 2015.
72. Johnsson P, Lipovich L, Grander D, and Morris KV. Evolutionary conservation of long non-coding RNAs; sequence, structure, function. Biochim Biophys Acta 1840: 1063-1071, 2014.
73. Jonas S and Izaurralde E. Towards a molecular understanding of microRNA-mediated gene silencing. Nat Rev Genet 16: 421-433, 2015.
74. Kallen AN, Zhou X-B, Xu J, Qiao C, Ma J, Yan L, Lu L, Liu C, Yi J-S, Zhang H, Min W, Bennett AM, Gregory RI, Ding Y, and Huang Y. The imprinted H19 lncRNA antagonizes let-7 microRNAs. Mol Cell 52: 101-112, 2013.
75. Kelly TJ, Souza AL, Clish CB, and Puigserver P. A hypoxia-induced positive feedback loop promotes hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha stability through miR-210 suppression of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1- like. Mol Cell Biol 31: 2696-2706, 2011.
76. Kim DK, Zhang L, Dzau VJ, and Pratt RE. H19, a developmentally regulated gene, is reexpressed in rat vascular smooth muscle cells after injury. J Clin Invest 93: 355-360, 1994.
77. Kim J-H, Lee K-S, Lee D-K, Kim J, Kwak S-N, Ha K-S, Choe J, Won M-H, Cho B-R, Jeoung D, Lee H, Kwon YG, and Kim Y-M. Hypoxia-responsive microRNA-101 promotes angiogenesis via heme oxygenase-1/vascular endothelial growth factor axis by targeting cullin 3. Antioxid Redox Signal 21: 2469-2482, 2014.
78. Kim JH, Park SG, Song S-Y, Kim JK, and Sung J-H. Reactive oxygen species-responsive miR-210 regulates proliferation and migration of adipose-derived stem cells via PTPN2. Cell Death Dis 4: E588, 2013.
79. Kim KM, Abdelmohsen K, Mustapic M, Kapogiannis D, and Gorospe M. RNA in extracellular vesicles. Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA 8: E1413, 2017.
80. Kotake Y, Nakagawa T, Kitagawa K, Suzuki S, Liu N, Kitagawa M, and Xiong Y. Long non-coding RNA ANRIL is required for the PRC2 recruitment to and silencing of p15(INK4B) tumor suppressor gene. Oncogene 30: 1956-1962, 2011.
81. Krol J, Loedige I, and Filipowicz W. The widespread regulation of microRNA biogenesis, function and decay. Nat Rev Genet 11: 597-610, 2010.
82. Krystal GW, Armstrong BC, and Battey JF. N-myc mRNA forms an RNA-RNA duplex with endogenous antisense transcripts. Mol Cell Biol 10: 4180-4191, 1990.
83. Kurinna S and Werner S. NRF2 and microRNAs: New but awaited relations. Biochem Soc Trans 43: 595-601, 2015.
84. Legnini I, Di Timoteo G, Rossi F, Morlando M, Briganti F, Sthandier O, Fatica A, Santini T, Andronache A, Wade M, Laneve P, Rajewsky N, and Bozzoni I. Circ-ZNF609 is a circular RNA that can be translated and functions in myogenesis. Mol Cell 66: 22-37.e9, 2017.
85. Li C, Lei B, Huang S, Zheng M, Liu Z, Li Z, and Deng Y. H19 derived microRNA-675 regulates cell proliferation and migration through CDK6 in glioma. Am J Transl Res 7: 1747-1764, 2015.
86. Li T, Cao H, Zhuang J, Wan J, Guan M, Yu B, Li X, and Zhang W. Identification of miR-130a, miR-27b and miR-210 as serum biomarkers for atherosclerosis obliterans. Clin Chim Acta 412: 66-70, 2011.
87. Li W and Kang Y. A new Lnc in metastasis: Long noncoding RNA mediates the prometastatic functions of TGFbeta. Cancer Cell 25: 557-559, 2014.
88. Lin Y, Liu X, Cheng Y, Yang J, Huo Y, and Zhang C. Involvement of microRNAs in hydrogen peroxide-mediated gene regulation and cellular injury response in vascular smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem 284: 7903-7913, 2009.
89. Liu G, Li Y, and Gao X-G. microRNA-181a is upregulated in human atherosclerosis plaques and involves in the oxidative stress-induced endothelial cell dysfunction through direct targeting Bcl-2. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 20: 3092-3100, 2016.
90. Liu J-Y, Yao J, Li X-M, Song Y-C, Wang X-Q, Li Y-J, Yan B, and Jiang Q. Pathogenic role of lncRNAMALAT1 in endothelial cell dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. Cell Death Dis 5: E1506, 2014.
91. Liu J, Li Q, Zhang K-S, Hu B, Niu X, Zhou S-M, Li S-G, Luo Y-P, Wang Y, and Deng Z-F. Downregulation of the long non-coding RNA meg3 promotes angiogenesis after ischemic brain injury by activating notch signaling. Mol Neurobiol 54: 8179-8190, 2017.
92. Liu M, Liu H, and Dudley SC, Jr. Reactive oxygen species originating from mitochondria regulate the cardiac sodium channel. Circ Res 107: 967-974, 2010.
93. Liu Z, Lu C-L, Cui L-P, Hu Y-L, Yu Q, Jiang Y, Ma T, Jiao D-K, Wang D, and Jia C-Y. MicroRNA-146a modulates TGF-beta1-induced phenotypic differentiation in human dermal fibroblasts by targeting SMAD4. Arch Dermatol Res 304: 195-202, 2012.
94. Lorenzen JM, Kaucsar T, Schauerte C, Schmitt R, Rong S, Hubner A, Scherf K, Fiedler J, Martino F, Kumarswamy R, Kolling M, Sorensen I, Hinz H, Heineke J, van Rooij E, Haller H, and Thum T. MicroRNA-24 antagonism prevents renal ischemia reperfusion injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 25: 2717-2729, 2014.
95. Luo M, Li Z, Wang W, Zeng Y, Liu Z, and Qiu J. Long non-coding RNA H19 increases bladder cancer metastasis by associating with EZH2 and inhibiting E-cadherin expression. Cancer Lett 333: 213-221, 2013.
96. Ma L, Bajic VB, and Zhang Z. On the classification of long non-coding RNAs. RNA Biol 10: 925-933, 2013.
97. Magenta A, Cencioni C, Fasanaro P, Zaccagnini G, Greco S, Sarra-Ferraris G, Antonini A, Martelli F, and Capogrossi MC. miR-200c is upregulated by oxidative stress and induces endothelial cell apoptosis and senescence via ZEB1 inhibition. Cell Death Differ 18: 1628-1639, 2011.
98. Magenta A, Greco S, Capogrossi MC, Gaetano C, and Martelli F. Nitric oxide, oxidative stress, and p66Shc interplay in diabetic endothelial dysfunction. Biomed Res Int 2014: 193095, 2014.
99. Magenta A, Greco S, Gaetano C, and Martelli F. Oxidative stress and microRNAs in vascular diseases. Int J Mol Sci 14: 17319-17346, 2013.
100. This reference has been deleted. 101. Mateescu B, Batista L, Cardon M, Gruosso T, de Feraudy Y, Mariani O, Nicolas A, Meyniel J-P, Cottu P, Sastre- Garau X, and Mechta-Grigoriou F. miR-141 and miR-200a act on ovarian tumorigenesis by controlling oxidative stress response. Nat Med 17: 1627-1635, 2011.
101. McDonald RA, White KM, Wu J, Cooley BC, Robertson KE, Halliday CA, McClure JD, Francis S, Lu R, Kennedy S, George SJ, Wan S, van Rooij E, and Baker AH. miRNA-21 is dysregulated in response to vein grafting in multiple models and genetic ablation in mice attenuates neointima formation. Eur Heart J 34: 1636-1643, 2013.
102. Memczak S, Jens M, Elefsinioti A, Torti F, Krueger J, Rybak A, Maier L, Mackowiak SD, Gregersen LH, Munschauer M, Loewer A, Ziebold U, Landthaler M, Kocks C, le Noble F, and Rajewsky N. Circular RNAs are a large class of animal RNAs with regulatory potency. Nature 495: 333-338, 2013.
103. Memczak S, Papavasileiou P, Peters O, and Rajewsky N. Identification and characterization of circular RNAs as a new class of putative biomarkers in human blood. PLoS One 10: E0141214, 2015.
104. Miano JM and Long X. The short and long of noncoding sequences in the control of vascular cell phenotypes. Cell Mol Life Sci 72: 3457-3488, 2015.
105. Michalik KM, You X, Manavski Y, Doddaballapur A, Zornig M, Braun T, John D, Ponomareva Y, Chen W, Uchida S, Boon RA, and Dimmeler S. Long noncoding RNA MALAT1 regulates endothelial cell function and vessel growth. Circ Res 114: 1389-1397, 2014.
106. Monnier P, Martinet C, Pontis J, Stancheva I, Ait-Si-Ali S, and Dandolo L. H19 lncRNA controls gene expression of the Imprinted Gene Network by recruiting MBD1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110: 20693-20698, 2013.
107. Mutharasan RK, Nagpal V, Ichikawa Y, and Ardehali H. microRNA-210 is upregulated in hypoxic cardiomyocytes through Akt- And p53-dependent pathways and exerts cytoprotective effects. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 301: H1519-H1530, 2011.
108. Nagano T and Fraser P. No-nonsense functions for long noncoding RNAs. Cell 145: 178-181, 2011.
109. Naganuma T and Hirose T. Paraspeckle formation during the biogenesis of long non-coding RNAs. RNA Biol 10: 456-461, 2013.
110. Nallamshetty S, Chan SY, and Loscalzo J. Hypoxia: A master regulator of microRNA biogenesis and activity. Free Radic Biol Med 64: 20-30, 2013.
111. Narasimhan M, Patel D, Vedpathak D, Rathinam M, Henderson G, and Mahimainathan L. Identification of novel microRNAs in post-transcriptional control of Nrf2 expression and redox homeostasis in neuronal, SH-SY5Y cells. PLoS One 7: E51111, 2012.
112. Ni W, Zhan Y, He H, Maynard E, Balschi JA, and Oettgen P. Ets-1 is a critical transcriptional regulator of reactive oxygen species and p47(phox) gene expression in response to angiotensin II. Circ Res 101: 985-994, 2007.
113. Noman MZ, Janji B, Hu S, Wu JC, Martelli F, Bronte V, and Chouaib S. Tumor-promoting effects of myeloidderived suppressor cells are potentiated by hypoxia-induced expression of miR-210. Cancer Res 75: 3771-3787, 2015.
114. Ouyang Y-B, Lu Y, Yue S, and Giffard RG. miR-181 targets multiple Bcl-2 family members and influences apoptosis and mitochondrial function in astrocytes. Mitochondrion 12: 213-219, 2012.
115. Ouyang Y-B, Lu Y, Yue S, Xu L-J, Xiong X-X, White RE, Sun X, and Giffard RG. miR-181 regulates GRP78 and influences outcome from cerebral ischemia in vitro and in vivo. Neurobiol Dis 45: 555-563, 2012.
116. Pamudurti NR, Bartok O, Jens M, Ashwal-Fluss R, Stottmeister C, Ruhe L, Hanan M, Wyler E, Perez- Hernandez D, Ramberger E, Shenzis S, Samson M, Dittmar G, Landthaler M, Chekulaeva M, Rajewsky N, and Kadener S. Translation of circRNAs. Mol Cell 66: 9-21.e7, 2017.
117. Panda AC, Grammatikakis I, Munk R, Gorospe M, and Abdelmohsen K. Emerging roles and context of circular RNAs. Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA 2016 [Epub ahead of print]; DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1386.
118. Philippen LE, Dirkx E, da Costa-Martins PA, and De Windt LJ. Non-coding RNA in control of gene regulatory programs in cardiac development and disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 89: 51-58, 2015.
119. van Poelgeest EP, Hodges MR, Moerland M, Tessier Y, Levin AA, Persson R, Lindholm MW, Dumong Erichsen K, Orum H, Cohen AF, and Burggraaf J. Antisense-mediated reduction of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9): A first-in-human randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Br J Clin Pharmacol 80: 1350-1361, 2015.
120. Pulkkinen KH, Yla-Herttuala S, and Levonen A-L. Heme oxygenase 1 is induced by miR-155 via reduced BACH1 translation in endothelial cells. Free Radic Biol Med 51: 2124-2131, 2011.
121. Puthanveetil P, Chen S, Feng B, Gautam A, and Chakrabarti S. Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 regulates hyperglycaemia induced inflammatory process in the endothelial cells. J Cell Mol Med 19: 1418-1425, 2015.
122. Qi J, Qiao Y,Wang P, Li S, ZhaoW, andGao C.microRNA-210 negatively regulates LPS-induced production of proinflammatory cytokines by targeting NF-kappaB1 in murine macrophages. FEBS Lett 586: 1201-1207, 2012.
123. Qiao A, Khechaduri A, Kannan Mutharasan R, Wu R, Nagpal V, and Ardehali H. MicroRNA-210 decreases heme levels by targeting ferrochelatase in cardiomyocytes. J Am Heart Assoc 2: E000121, 2013.
124. Qiu G-Z, Tian W, Fu H-T, Li C-P, and Liu B. Long noncoding RNA-MEG3 is involved in diabetes mellitusrelated microvascular dysfunction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 471: 135-141, 2016.
125. Raitoharju E, Lyytikainen L-P, Levula M, Oksala N, Mennander A, Tarkka M, Klopp N, Illig T, Kahonen M, Karhunen PJ, Laaksonen R, and Lehtimaki T. miR-21, miR-210, miR-34a, and miR-146a/b are up-regulated in human atherosclerotic plaques in the Tampere Vascular Study. Atherosclerosis 219: 211-217, 2011.
126. Rincon MY, VandenDriessche T, and Chuah MK. Gene therapy for cardiovascular disease: Advances in vector development, targeting, and delivery for clinical translation. Cardiovasc Res 108: 4-20, 2015.
127. La Sala L, Cattaneo M, De Nigris V, Pujadas G, Testa R, Bonfigli AR, Genovese S, and Ceriello A. Oscillating glucose induces microRNA-185 and impairs an efficient antioxidant response in human endothelial cells. Cardiovasc Diabetol 15: 71, 2016.
128. Sangokoya C, Telen MJ, and Chi J-T. microRNA miR-144 modulates oxidative stress tolerance and associates with anemia severity in sickle cell disease. Blood 116: 4338-4348, 2010.
129. Schmidt HHHW, Stocker R, Vollbracht C, Paulsen G, Riley D, Daiber A, and Cuadrado A. Antioxidants in translational medicine. Antioxid Redox Signal 23: 1130-1143, 2015.
130. Selak MA, Armour SM, MacKenzie ED, Boulahbel H, Watson DG, Mansfield KD, Pan Y, Simon MC, Thompson CB, and Gottlieb E. Succinate links TCA cycle dysfunction to oncogenesis by inhibiting HIF-alpha prolyl hydroxylase. Cancer Cell 7: 77-85, 2005.
131. Semenza GL. Oxygen sensing, homeostasis, and disease. N Engl J Med 365: 537-547, 2011.
132. Seok H, Ham J, Jang E-S, and Chi SW. MicroRNA target recognition: Insights from transcriptome-wide noncanonical interactions. Mol Cells 39: 375-381, 2016.
133. Sesso HD, Buring JE, Christen WG, Kurth T, Belanger C, MacFadyen J, Bubes V, Manson JE, Glynn RJ, and Gaziano JM. Vitamins E and C in the prevention of cardiovascular disease in men: The Physicians' Health Study II randomized controlled trial. JAMA 300: 2123-2133, 2008.
134. Sharpless NE and Sherr CJ. Forging a signature of in vivo senescence. Nat Rev Cancer 15: 397-408, 2015.
135. Shi L, Zhang S, Wu H, Zhang L, Dai X, Hu J, Xue J, Liu T, Liang Y, and Wu G. MiR-200c increases the radiosensitivity of non-small-cell lung cancer cell line A549 by targeting VEGF-VEGFR2 pathway. PLoS One 8: E78344, 2013.
136. Shi Y-F, Liu N, Li Y-X, Song C-L, Song X-J, Zhao Z, and Liu B. Insulin protects H9c2 rat cardiomyoblast cells against hydrogen peroxide-induced injury through upregulation of microRNA-210. Free Radic Res 49: 1147-1155, 2015.
137. Shuaib A, Lees KR, Lyden P, Grotta J, Davalos A, Davis SM, Diener H-C, Ashwood T, Wasiewski WW, and Emeribe U. NXY-059 for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 357: 562-571, 2007.
138. This reference has been deleted. 140. Skipper M, Dhand R, and Campbell P. Presenting ENCODE. Nature 489: 45, 2012.
139. Spinetti G, Sangalli E, Specchia C, Villa F, Spinelli C, Pipolo R, Carrizzo A, Greco S, Voellenkle C, Vecchione C, Madeddu P, Martelli F, and Puca AA. The expression of the BPIFB4 and CXCR4 associates with sustained health in long-living individuals from Cilento-Italy. Aging (Albany, NY) 9: 370-380, 2017.
140. This reference has been deleted. 143. Sullenger BA and Nair S. From the RNA world to the clinic. Science 352: 1417-1420, 2016.
141. Sun H-X, Zeng D-Y, Li R-T, Pang R-P, Yang H, Hu Y-L, Zhang Q, Jiang Y, Huang L-Y, Tang Y-B, Yan G-J, and Zhou J-G. Essential role of microRNA-155 in regulating endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation by targeting endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Hypertension 60: 1407-1414, 2012.
142. Tagscherer KE, Fassl A, Sinkovic T, Richter J, Schecher S, Macher-Goeppinger S, and Roth W. MicroRNA-210 induces apoptosis in colorectal cancer via induction of reactive oxygen. Cancer Cell Int 16: 42, 2016.
143. Tay Y, Rinn J, and Pandolfi PP. The multilayered complexity of ceRNA crosstalk and competition. Nature 505: 344-352, 2014.
144. Thum T and Condorelli G. Long noncoding RNAs and microRNAs in cardiovascular pathophysiology. Circ Res 116: 751-762, 2015.
145. Tong W-H and Rouault TA. Functions of mitochondrial ISCU and cytosolic ISCU in mammalian iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis and iron homeostasis. Cell Metab 3: 199-210, 2006.
146. Tragante V, Barnes MR, Ganesh SK, Lanktree MB, Guo W, Franceschini N, Smith EN, Johnson T, Holmes MV, Padmanabhan S, Karczewski KJ, Almoguera B, Barnard J, Baumert J, Chang Y-PC, Elbers CC, Farrall M, Fischer ME, Gaunt TR, Gho JMIH, Gieger C, Goel A, Gong Y, Isaacs A, Kleber ME, Mateo Leach I, McDonough CW, Meijs MFL, Melander O, Nelson CP, Nolte IM, Pankratz N, Price TS, Shaffer J, Shah S, Tomaszewski M, van der Most PJ, Van Iperen EPA, Vonk JM, Witkowska K, Wong COL, Zhang L, Beitelshees AL, Berenson GS, Bhatt DL, Brown M, Burt A, Cooper-DeHoff RM, Connell JM, Cruickshanks KJ, Curtis SP, Davey-Smith G, Delles C, Gansevoort RT, Guo X, Haiqing S, Hastie CE, Hofker MH, Hovingh GK, Kim DS, Kirkland SA, Klein BE, Klein R, Li YR, Maiwald S, Newton-Cheh C, O'Brien ET, Onland-Moret NC, Palmas W, Parsa A, Penninx BW, Pettinger M, Vasan RS, Ranchalis JE, M Ridker P, Rose LM, Sever P, Shimbo D, Steele L, Stolk RP, Thorand B, Trip MD, van Duijn CM, Verschuren WM, Wijmenga C, Wyatt S, Young JH, Zwinderman AH, Bezzina CR, Boerwinkle E, Casas JP, Caulfield MJ, Chakravarti A, Chasman DI, Davidson KW, Doevendans PA, Dominiczak AF, FitzGerald GA, Gums JG, Fornage M, Hakonarson H, Halder I, Hillege HL, Illig T, Jarvik GP, Johnson JA, Kastelein JJP, Koenig W, Kumari M, Marz W, Murray SS, O'Connell JR, Oldehinkel AJ, Pankow JS, Rader DJ, Redline S, Reilly MP, Schadt EE, Kottke-Marchant K, Snieder H, Snyder M, Stanton A V, Tobin MD, Uitterlinden AG, van der Harst P, van der Schouw YT, Samani NJ, Watkins H, Johnson AD, Reiner AP, Zhu X, de Bakker PIW, Levy D, Asselbergs FW, Munroe PB, and Keating BJ. Gene-centric meta-analysis in 87,736 individuals of European ancestry identifies multiple blood-pressure-related loci. Am J Hum Genet 94: 349-360, 2014.
147. Tripathi V, Ellis JD, Shen Z, Song DY, Pan Q, Watt AT, Freier SM, Bennett CF, Sharma A, Bubulya PA, Blencowe BJ, Prasanth SG, and Prasanth KV. The nuclearretained noncoding RNA MALAT1 regulates alternative splicing by modulating SR splicing factor phosphorylation. Mol Cell 39: 925-938, 2010.
148. Uchida S and Dimmeler S. Long noncoding RNAs in cardiovascular diseases. Circ Res 116: 737-750, 2015.
149. Vasa-Nicotera M, Chen H, Tucci P, Yang AL, Saintigny G, Menghini R, Mahe C, Agostini M, Knight RA, Melino G, and Federici M. miR-146a is modulated in human endothelial cell with aging. Atherosclerosis 217: 326-330, 2011.
150. Voellenkle C, Garcia-Manteiga JM, Pedrotti S, Perfetti A, De Toma I, Da Silva D, Maimone B, Greco S, Fasanaro P, Creo P, Zaccagnini G, Gaetano C, and Martelli F. Implication of Long noncoding RNAs in the endothelial cell response to hypoxia revealed by RNA-sequencing. Sci Rep 6: 24141-24153, 2016.
151. Wang H, Flach H, Onizawa M, Wei L, McManus MT, and Weiss A. Negative regulation of Hif1a expression and TH17 differentiation by the hypoxia-regulated microRNA miR-210. Nat Immunol 15: 393-401, 2014.
152. Wang W-T, Ye H, Wei P-P, Han B-W, He B, Chen Z-H, and Chen Y-Q. LncRNAs H19 and HULC, activated by oxidative stress, promote cell migration and invasion in cholangiocarcinoma through a ceRNA manner. J Hematol Oncol 9: 117, 2016.
153. Waypa GB, Smith KA, and Schumacker PT. O2 sensing, mitochondria and ROS signaling: The fog is lifting. Mol Aspects Med 47-48: 76-89, 2016.
154. Weber M, Baker MB, Moore JP, and Searles CD. MiR-21 is induced in endothelial cells by shear stress and modulates apoptosis and eNOS activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 393: 643-648, 2010.
155. Wei X, Wang C, Ma C, Sun W, Li H, and Cai Z. Long noncoding RNA ANRIL is activated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha and promotes osteosarcoma cell invasion and suppresses cell apoptosis upon hypoxia. Cancer Cell Int 16: 73, 2016.
156. Welten SMJ, Goossens EAC, Quax PHA, and Nossent AY. The multifactorial nature of microRNAs in vascular remodelling. Cardiovasc Res 110: 6-22, 2016.
157. Winter J, Jung S, Keller S, Gregory RI, and Diederichs S. Many roads to maturity: MicroRNA biogenesis pathways and their regulation. Nat Cell Biol 11: 228-234, 2009.
158. Wu G, Cai J, Han Y, Chen J, Huang Z-P, Chen C, Cai Y, Huang H, Yang Y, Liu Y, Xu Z, He D, Zhang X, Hu X, Pinello L, Zhong D, He F, Yuan G-C, Wang D-Z, and Zeng C. LincRNA-p21 regulates neointima formation, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, apoptosis, and atherosclerosis by enhancing p53 activity. Circulation 130: 1452-1465, 2014.
159. Xie M and Steitz JA. Versatile microRNA biogenesis in animals and their viruses. RNA Biol 11: 673-681, 2014.
160. Xu J, Huang Z, Lin L, Fu M, Gao Y, Shen Y, Zou Y, Sun A, Qian J, and Ge J. miR-210 over-expression enhances mesenchymal stem cell survival in an oxidative stress environment through antioxidation and c-Met pathway activation. Sci China Life Sci 57: 989-997, 2014.
161. Yan B, Tao Z-F, Li X-M, Zhang H, Yao J, and Jiang Q. Aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs in early diabetic retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 55: 941-951, 2014.
162. Yan B, Yao J, Liu J-Y, Li X-M, Wang X-Q, Li Y-J, Tao ZF, Song Y-C, Chen Q, and Jiang Q. lncRNA-MIAT regulates microvascular dysfunction by functioning as a competing endogenous RNA. Circ Res 116: 1143-1156, 2015.
163. Yan F, Wang Y, Wu X, Peshavariya HM, Dusting GJ, Zhang M, and Jiang F. Nox4 and redox signaling mediate TGF-beta-induced endothelial cell apoptosis and phenotypic switch. Cell Death Dis 5: E1010, 2014.
164. Yang L, Liu G, Zhu G, Liu H, Guo R, Qi F, and Zou J. MicroRNA-155 inhibits angiotensin II-induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 15: 109-116, 2014.
165. Yang M, Yao Y, Eades G, Zhang Y, and Zhou Q. MiR-28 regulates Nrf2 expression through a Keap1-independent mechanism. Breast Cancer Res Treat 129: 983-991, 2011.
166. Yap KL, Li S, Munoz-Cabello AM, Raguz S, Zeng L, Mujtaba S, Gil J, Walsh MJ, and Zhou M-M. Molecular interplay of the noncoding RNA ANRIL and methylated histone H3 lysine 27 by polycomb CBX7 in transcriptional silencing of INK4a. Mol Cell 38: 662-674, 2010.
167. Ye H and Rouault TA. Human iron-sulfur cluster assembly, cellular iron homeostasis, and disease. Biochemistry 49: 4945-4956, 2010.
168. Ye Y, Xu H, Su X, and He X. Role of microRNA in governing synaptic plasticity. Neural Plast 2016: 4959523, 2016.
169. Yoon J-H, Abdelmohsen K, Kim J, Yang X, Martindale JL, Tominaga-Yamanaka K, White EJ, Orjalo AV, Rinn JL, Kreft SG, Wilson GM, and Gorospe M. Scaffold function of long non-coding RNA HOTAIR in protein ubiquitination. Nat Commun 4: 2939, 2013.
170. Yoshioka Y, Kosaka N, Ochiya T, and Kato T. Micromanaging iron homeostasis: Hypoxia-inducible micro- RNA-210 suppresses iron homeostasis-related proteins. J Biol Chem 287: 34110-34119, 2012.
171. Yue M, Charles Richard JL, and Ogawa Y. Dynamic interplay and function of multiple noncoding genes governing X chromosome inactivation. Biochim Biophys Acta 1859: 112-120, 2016.
172. Zaccagnini G, Maimone B, Di Stefano V, Fasanaro P, Greco S, Perfetti A, Capogrossi MC, Gaetano C, and Martelli F. Hypoxia-induced miR-210 modulates tissue response to acute peripheral ischemia. Antioxid Redox Signal 21: 1177-1188, 2014.
173. Zaccagnini G, Martelli F, Fasanaro P, Magenta A, Gaetano C, Di Carlo A, Biglioli P, Giorgio M, Martin-Padura I, Pelicci PG, and Capogrossi MC. p66ShcA modulates tissue response to hindlimb ischemia. Circulation 109: 2917-2923, 2004.
174. Zhang D, Cao X, Li J, and Zhao G. MiR-210 inhibits NFkappaB signaling pathway by targeting DR6 in osteoarthritis. Sci Rep 5: 12775, 2015.
175. Zhang H, Liu J, Qu D, Wang L, Luo J-Y, Lau CW, Liu P, Gao Z, Tipoe GL, Lee HK, Ng CF, Ma RCW, Yao X, and Huang Y. Inhibition of miR-200c restores endothelial function in diabetic mice through suppression of COX-2. Diabetes 65: 1196-1207, 2016.
176. Zhang L, Liu Z, Li X, Zhang P, Wang J, Zhu D, Chen X, and Ye L. Low long non-coding RNA HOTAIR expression is associated with down-regulation of Nrf2 in the spermatozoa of patients with asthenozoospermia or oligoasthenozoospermia. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 8: 14198-14205, 2015.
177. Zhao M, Wang L, Liang G, Zhang P, Deng X, Tang Q, Zhai H, Chang CC, Su Y, and Lu Q. Up-regulation of microRNA-210 induces immune dysfunction via targeting FOXP3 in CD4(+) T cells of psoriasis vulgaris. Clin Immunol 150: 22-30, 2014.
178. Zhou X, Han X, Wittfeldt A, Sun J, Liu C, Wang X, Gan L-M, Cao H, and Liang Z. Long non-coding RNA ANRIL regulates inflammatory responses as a novel component of NF-kappaB pathway. RNA Biol 13: 98-108, 2016.
179. Zhu N, Zhang D, Chen S, Liu X, Lin L, Huang X, Guo Z, Liu J, Wang Y, Yuan W, and Qin Y. Endothelial enriched microRNAs regulate angiotensin II-induced endothelial inflammation and migration. Atherosclerosis 215: 286-293, 2011.
180. Zou Z-Q, Xu J, Li L, and Han Y-S. Down-regulation of SENCR promotes smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration in db/db mice through up-regulation of FoxO1 and TRPC6. Biomed Pharmacother 74: 35-41, 2015.