메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 116, Issue 12, 2016, Pages 1970-1980

Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Vegetarian Diets

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DIETETICS; HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA; NEOPLASMS; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENT; OBESITY; VEGETARIAN DIET;

EID: 84997545167     PISSN: 22122672     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.09.025     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (818)

References (117)
  • 1
    • 84997240368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How often do Americans eat vegetarian meals? And how many adults in the US are vegetarian? The Vegetarian Resource Group website. Accessed June 23
    • 1 Stahler C. How often do Americans eat vegetarian meals? And how many adults in the US are vegetarian? The Vegetarian Resource Group website. http://www.vrg.org/nutshell/Polls/2016_adults_veg.htm. Accessed June 23, 2016.
    • (2016)
    • Stahler, C.1
  • 2
    • 79952986121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Replacement of meat by meat substitutes. A survey on person- and product-related factors in consumer acceptance
    • 2 Hoek, A.C., Luning, P.A., Weijzen, P., Engels, W., Kok, F.J., de Graaf, C., Replacement of meat by meat substitutes. A survey on person- and product-related factors in consumer acceptance. Appetite 56:3 (2011), 662–673.
    • (2011) Appetite , vol.56 , Issue.3 , pp. 662-673
    • Hoek, A.C.1    Luning, P.A.2    Weijzen, P.3    Engels, W.4    Kok, F.J.5    de Graaf, C.6
  • 3
    • 84997300810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Institute for Cancer Research. Recommendations for cancer prevention. Accessed June 23
    • 3 American Institute for Cancer Research. Recommendations for cancer prevention. http://www.aicr.org/reduce-your-cancer-risk/recommendations-for-cancer-prevention/recommendations_04_plant_based.html?gclid=CJ6__O7dpboCFcid4AodhkMAIA. Accessed June 23, 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 4
    • 84957795005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans
    • th ed. US Government Printing Office Washington, DC Accessed June 23, 2016
    • th ed., 2015, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015 Accessed June 23, 2016.
    • (2015)
  • 5
    • 84997340791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Department of Agriculture. SuperTracker. Accessed June 23
    • 5 US Department of Agriculture. SuperTracker. https://www.supertracker.usda.gov/default.aspx. Accessed June 23, 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 6
    • 84997208871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids. Accessed June 23
    • 6 Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids. http://www.nap.edu/download.php?record_id=10490. Accessed June 23, 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 7
    • 26444484378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Dietitian's Guide to Vegetarian Diets
    • 3rd ed. Jones and Bartlett Sudbury, MA
    • 7 Mangels, R., Messina, V., Messina, M., The Dietitian's Guide to Vegetarian Diets. 3rd ed., 2011, Jones and Bartlett, Sudbury, MA.
    • (2011)
    • Mangels, R.1    Messina, V.2    Messina, M.3
  • 8
    • 84997223843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Becoming Vegan: Comprehensive Edition
    • Book Publishing Co Summertown, TN
    • 8 Davis, B., Melina, V., Becoming Vegan: Comprehensive Edition. 2014, Book Publishing Co, Summertown, TN.
    • (2014)
    • Davis, B.1    Melina, V.2
  • 9
    • 84903838142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional and health benefits of dried beans
    • 9 Messina, V., Nutritional and health benefits of dried beans. Am J Clin Nutr 100:suppl 1 (2014), 437S–442S.
    • (2014) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.100 , pp. 437S-442S
    • Messina, V.1
  • 10
    • 84922394811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vegetarian diets
    • 10 Saunders, A.V., Davis, B.C., Garg, M.L., Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vegetarian diets. Med J Aust 199:4 suppl (2013), S22–S26.
    • (2013) Med J Aust , vol.199 , Issue.4 , pp. S22-S26
    • Saunders, A.V.1    Davis, B.C.2    Garg, M.L.3
  • 12
    • 84924555356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in vegans: Associations with age and gender and effects of an algal-derived omega-3 fatty acid supplement
    • 12 Sarter, B., Kelsey, K.S., Schwartz, T.A., et al. Blood docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in vegans: Associations with age and gender and effects of an algal-derived omega-3 fatty acid supplement. Clin Nutr 34:2 (2015), 212–218.
    • (2015) Clin Nutr , vol.34 , Issue.2 , pp. 212-218
    • Sarter, B.1    Kelsey, K.S.2    Schwartz, T.A.3
  • 13
    • 79952203581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conversion of linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), with a focus on pregnancy, lactation and the first 2 years of life
    • 13 Gibson, R.A., Muhlhausler, B., Makrides, M., Conversion of linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), with a focus on pregnancy, lactation and the first 2 years of life. Matern Child Nutr 7:suppl 2 (2011), 17–26.
    • (2011) Matern Child Nutr , vol.7 , pp. 17-26
    • Gibson, R.A.1    Muhlhausler, B.2    Makrides, M.3
  • 14
    • 24044498990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma in British meat-eating, vegetarian, and vegan men
    • 14 Rosell, M.S., Lloyd-Wright, Z., Appleby, P.N., et al. Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma in British meat-eating, vegetarian, and vegan men. Am J Clin Nutr 82:2 (2005), 327–334.
    • (2005) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.82 , Issue.2 , pp. 327-334
    • Rosell, M.S.1    Lloyd-Wright, Z.2    Appleby, P.N.3
  • 15
    • 84880003797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetarian dietary patterns and mortality in Adventist Health Study 2
    • 15 Orlich, M.J., Singh, P.N., Sabaté, J., et al. Vegetarian dietary patterns and mortality in Adventist Health Study 2. JAMA Intern Med 173:13 (2013), 1230–1238.
    • (2013) JAMA Intern Med , vol.173 , Issue.13 , pp. 1230-1238
    • Orlich, M.J.1    Singh, P.N.2    Sabaté, J.3
  • 16
    • 0026437432 scopus 로고
    • Significance of iron bioavailability for iron recommendations
    • 16 Van Dokkum, W., Significance of iron bioavailability for iron recommendations. Biol Trace Elem Res 35:1 (1992), 1–11.
    • (1992) Biol Trace Elem Res , vol.35 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-11
    • Van Dokkum, W.1
  • 17
    • 84887623018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrient profiles of vegetarian and nonvegetarian dietary patterns
    • 17 Rizzo, N.S., Jaceldo-Siegl, K., Sabate, J., Fraser, G.E., Nutrient profiles of vegetarian and nonvegetarian dietary patterns. J Acad Nutr Diet 113:12 (2013), 1610–1619.
    • (2013) J Acad Nutr Diet , vol.113 , Issue.12 , pp. 1610-1619
    • Rizzo, N.S.1    Jaceldo-Siegl, K.2    Sabate, J.3    Fraser, G.E.4
  • 18
    • 84869797986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of serum ferritin and the development of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Korean men: A 5-year follow-up study
    • 18 Park, S.K., Ryoo, J.H., Kim, M.G., Shin, J.Y., Association of serum ferritin and the development of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Korean men: A 5-year follow-up study. Diabetes Care 35:12 (2012), 2521–2526.
    • (2012) Diabetes Care , vol.35 , Issue.12 , pp. 2521-2526
    • Park, S.K.1    Ryoo, J.H.2    Kim, M.G.3    Shin, J.Y.4
  • 19
    • 0028211577 scopus 로고
    • Iron status of vegetarians
    • 19 Craig, W.J., Iron status of vegetarians. Am J Clin Nutr 59:5 suppl (1994), 1233S–1237S.
    • (1994) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.59 , Issue.5 , pp. 1233S-1237S
    • Craig, W.J.1
  • 20
    • 84879447437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The absorption of iron from whole diets: A systematic review
    • 20 Collings, R., Harvey, L.J., Hooper, L., et al. The absorption of iron from whole diets: A systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr 98:1 (2013), 65–81.
    • (2013) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.98 , Issue.1 , pp. 65-81
    • Collings, R.1    Harvey, L.J.2    Hooper, L.3
  • 22
    • 0033958199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptation of iron absorption in men consuming diets with high or low iron bioavailability
    • 22 Hunt, J.R., Roughead, Z.K., Adaptation of iron absorption in men consuming diets with high or low iron bioavailability. Am J Clin Nutr 71:1 (2000), 94–102.
    • (2000) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.71 , Issue.1 , pp. 94-102
    • Hunt, J.R.1    Roughead, Z.K.2
  • 23
    • 84879834876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A complete diet-based algorithm for predicting nonheme iron absorption in adults
    • 23 Armah, S.M., Carriquiry, A., Sullivan, D., Cook, J.D., Reddy, M.B., A complete diet-based algorithm for predicting nonheme iron absorption in adults. J Nutr 143:7 (2013), 1136–1140.
    • (2013) J Nutr , vol.143 , Issue.7 , pp. 1136-1140
    • Armah, S.M.1    Carriquiry, A.2    Sullivan, D.3    Cook, J.D.4    Reddy, M.B.5
  • 24
    • 0032961628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonheme-iron absorption, fecal ferritin excretion, and blood indexes of iron status in women consuming controlled lactoovovegetarian diets for 8 weeks
    • 24 Hunt, J.R., Roughead, Z.K., Nonheme-iron absorption, fecal ferritin excretion, and blood indexes of iron status in women consuming controlled lactoovovegetarian diets for 8 weeks. Am J Clin Nutr 69:5 (1999), 944–952.
    • (1999) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.69 , Issue.5 , pp. 944-952
    • Hunt, J.R.1    Roughead, Z.K.2
  • 25
    • 84921527842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetarian diets across the lifecycle: Impact on zinc intake and status
    • 25 Foster, M., Samman, S., Vegetarian diets across the lifecycle: Impact on zinc intake and status. Adv Food Nutr Res 74 (2015), 93–131.
    • (2015) Adv Food Nutr Res , vol.74 , pp. 93-131
    • Foster, M.1    Samman, S.2
  • 26
    • 0343527299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary factors influencing zinc absorption
    • 26 Lonnerdal, B., Dietary factors influencing zinc absorption. J Nutr 130:5 suppl (2000), 1378S–1383S.
    • (2000) J Nutr , vol.130 , Issue.5 , pp. 1378S-1383S
    • Lonnerdal, B.1
  • 27
    • 79961234513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iodine status and thyroid function of Boston-area vegetarians and vegans
    • 27 Leung, A.M., Lamar, A., He, X., et al. Iodine status and thyroid function of Boston-area vegetarians and vegans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 96:8 (2011), E1303–E1307.
    • (2011) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.96 , Issue.8 , pp. E1303-E1307
    • Leung, A.M.1    Lamar, A.2    He, X.3
  • 28
    • 8544231420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of iodine content in common commercially available edible seaweeds
    • 28 Teas, J., Pino, S., Critchley, A., Braverman, L.E., Variability of iodine content in common commercially available edible seaweeds. Thyroid 14:10 (2004), 836–841.
    • (2004) Thyroid , vol.14 , Issue.10 , pp. 836-841
    • Teas, J.1    Pino, S.2    Critchley, A.3    Braverman, L.E.4
  • 29
    • 84997094651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Published 2010. Accessed June 23
    • 29 Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc.  www.iom.edu/Reports/2001/Dietary-Reference-Intakes-for-Vitamin-A-Vitamin-K-Arsenic-Boron-Chromium-Copper-Iodine-Iron-Manganese-Molybdenum-Nickel-Silicon-Vanadium-and-Zinc.aspx#sthash.gITnT436.dpuf Published 2010. Accessed June 23, 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 30
    • 33645503150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of soy protein and soybean isoflavones on thyroid function in healthy adults and hypothyroid patients: A review of the relevant literature
    • 30 Messina, M., Redmond, G., Effects of soy protein and soybean isoflavones on thyroid function in healthy adults and hypothyroid patients: A review of the relevant literature. Thyroid 16 (2006), 249–258.
    • (2006) Thyroid , vol.16 , pp. 249-258
    • Messina, M.1    Redmond, G.2
  • 31
    • 0032838922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Choices for achieving adequate dietary calcium with a vegetarian diet
    • 31 Weaver, C.M., Proulx, W.R., Heaney, R., Choices for achieving adequate dietary calcium with a vegetarian diet. Am J Clin Nutr 70:3 (1999), 543S–548S.
    • (1999) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.70 , Issue.3 , pp. 543S-548S
    • Weaver, C.M.1    Proulx, W.R.2    Heaney, R.3
  • 32
    • 77955082801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium absorption in Australian osteopenic post-menopausal women: An acute comparative study of fortified soymilk to cows’ milk
    • 32 Tang, A.L., Walker, K.Z., Wilcox, G., Strauss, B.J., Ashton, J.F., Stojanovska, L., Calcium absorption in Australian osteopenic post-menopausal women: An acute comparative study of fortified soymilk to cows’ milk. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 19:2 (2010), 243–249.
    • (2010) Asia Pac J Clin Nutr , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 243-249
    • Tang, A.L.1    Walker, K.Z.2    Wilcox, G.3    Strauss, B.J.4    Ashton, J.F.5    Stojanovska, L.6
  • 33
    • 26444479172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium bioavailability of calcium carbonate fortified soymilk is equivalent to cow's milk in young women
    • 33 Zhao, Y., Martin, B.R., Weaver, C.M., Calcium bioavailability of calcium carbonate fortified soymilk is equivalent to cow's milk in young women. J Nutr 135:10 (2005), 2379–2382.
    • (2005) J Nutr , vol.135 , Issue.10 , pp. 2379-2382
    • Zhao, Y.1    Martin, B.R.2    Weaver, C.M.3
  • 34
    • 0032964472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative absorption of calcium sources and calcium citrate malate for the prevention of osteoporosis
    • 34 Patrick, L., Comparative absorption of calcium sources and calcium citrate malate for the prevention of osteoporosis. Altern Med Rev 4:2 (1999), 74–85.
    • (1999) Altern Med Rev , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. 74-85
    • Patrick, L.1
  • 35
    • 84881154740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sunlight and vitamin D: A global perspective for health
    • 35 Wacker, M., Holick, M.F., Sunlight and vitamin D: A global perspective for health. Dermatoendocrinol 5:1 (2013), 51–108.
    • (2013) Dermatoendocrinol , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 51-108
    • Wacker, M.1    Holick, M.F.2
  • 36
    • 84903823539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone nutrients for vegetarians
    • 36 Mangels, A.R., Bone nutrients for vegetarians. Am J Clin Nutr 100:suppl 1 (2014), 469S–475S.
    • (2014) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.100 , pp. 469S-475S
    • Mangels, A.R.1
  • 37
    • 84880228576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photobiology of vitamin D in mushrooms and its bioavailability in humans
    • 37 Keegan, R.J., Lu, Z., Bogusz, J.M., Williams, J.E., Holick, M.F., Photobiology of vitamin D in mushrooms and its bioavailability in humans. Dermatoendocrinology 5:1 (2013), 165–176.
    • (2013) Dermatoendocrinology , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 165-176
    • Keegan, R.J.1    Lu, Z.2    Bogusz, J.M.3    Williams, J.E.4    Holick, M.F.5
  • 38
    • 78650911103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D
    • The National Academies Press Washington, DC Accessed June 23, 2016
    • 38 Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D. 2011, The National Academies Press, Washington, DC www.nap.edu/download.php?record_id=13050 Accessed June 23, 2016.
    • (2011)
  • 39
    • 84997546137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin B12 recommendations. Accessed June 23
    • 39 Norris, J. Vitamin B12 recommendations. www.veganhealth.org/b12/rec. Accessed June 23, 2016.
    • (2016)
    • Norris, J.1
  • 40
    • 84969251453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline
    • The National Academies Press Washington, DC Accessed June 23, 2016
    • 40 Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline. 1998, The National Academies Press, Washington, DC http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK114310/ Accessed June 23, 2016.
    • (1998)
  • 41
    • 0034352951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic vitamin B12 status on a mostly raw vegan diet with follow-up using tablets, nutritional yeast, or probiotic supplements
    • 41 Donaldson, M.S., Metabolic vitamin B12 status on a mostly raw vegan diet with follow-up using tablets, nutritional yeast, or probiotic supplements. Ann Nutr Metab 44:5-6 (2000), 229–234.
    • (2000) Ann Nutr Metab , vol.44 , Issue.5-6 , pp. 229-234
    • Donaldson, M.S.1
  • 42
    • 84934434859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cobalamin coenzyme forms are not likely to be superior to cyano- and hydroxyl-cobalamin in prevention or treatment of cobalamin deficiency
    • 42 Obeid, R., Fedosov, S.N., Nexo, E., Cobalamin coenzyme forms are not likely to be superior to cyano- and hydroxyl-cobalamin in prevention or treatment of cobalamin deficiency. Mol Nutr Food Res 59:7 (2015), 1364–1372.
    • (2015) Mol Nutr Food Res , vol.59 , Issue.7 , pp. 1364-1372
    • Obeid, R.1    Fedosov, S.N.2    Nexo, E.3
  • 43
    • 84936741380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary adherence and acceptability of five different diets, including vegan and vegetarian diets, for weight loss: The New DIETs study
    • 43 Moore, W.J., McGrievy, M.E., Turner-McGrievy, G.M., Dietary adherence and acceptability of five different diets, including vegan and vegetarian diets, for weight loss: The New DIETs study. Eat Behav 19 (2015), 33–38.
    • (2015) Eat Behav , vol.19 , pp. 33-38
    • Moore, W.J.1    McGrievy, M.E.2    Turner-McGrievy, G.M.3
  • 44
    • 84997223941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Department of Health and Human Services. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Health, United States, 2012. Accessed June 23
    • 44 US Department of Health and Human Services. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Health, United States, 2012. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/hus12.pdf#063. Accessed June 23, 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 45
    • 84992644622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults: The Evidence Report
    • National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD
    • 45 National Institutes of Health; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults: The Evidence Report. 1998, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
    • (1998)
  • 46
    • 33644880801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between increasing body weight, insulin resistance, inflammation, adipocytokine leptin, and coronary circulatory function
    • 46 Schindler, T.H., Cardenas, J., Prior, J.O., Relationship between increasing body weight, insulin resistance, inflammation, adipocytokine leptin, and coronary circulatory function. J Am Coll Cardiol 47:6 (2006), 1188–1195.
    • (2006) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.47 , Issue.6 , pp. 1188-1195
    • Schindler, T.H.1    Cardenas, J.2    Prior, J.O.3
  • 47
    • 65949112939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type of vegetarian diet, body weight and prevalence of type 2 diabetes
    • 47 Tonstad, S., Butler, T., Yan, R., Fraser, G.E., Type of vegetarian diet, body weight and prevalence of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 32:5 (2009), 791–796.
    • (2009) Diabetes Care , vol.32 , Issue.5 , pp. 791-796
    • Tonstad, S.1    Butler, T.2    Yan, R.3    Fraser, G.E.4
  • 48
    • 0038513515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diet and body mass index in 38000 EPIC-Oxford meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans
    • 48 Spencer, E.A., Appleby, P.N., Davey, G.K., Key, T.J., Diet and body mass index in 38000 EPIC-Oxford meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 27:6 (2003), 728–734.
    • (2003) Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord , vol.27 , Issue.6 , pp. 728-734
    • Spencer, E.A.1    Appleby, P.N.2    Davey, G.K.3    Key, T.J.4
  • 49
    • 21944452085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of overweight and obesity among semivegetarian, lactovegetarian, and vegan women
    • 49 Newby, P.K., Tucker, K.L., Wolk, A., Risk of overweight and obesity among semivegetarian, lactovegetarian, and vegan women. Am J Clin Nutr 81:6 (2005), 1267–1274.
    • (2005) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.81 , Issue.6 , pp. 1267-1274
    • Newby, P.K.1    Tucker, K.L.2    Wolk, A.3
  • 50
    • 84929946516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review and meta-analysis of change in body weight in clinical trials of vegetarian diets
    • 50 Barnard, N.B., Levin, S.M., Yokoyama, Y., A systematic review and meta-analysis of change in body weight in clinical trials of vegetarian diets. J Acad Nutr Diet 115:6 (2015), 954–969.
    • (2015) J Acad Nutr Diet , vol.115 , Issue.6 , pp. 954-969
    • Barnard, N.B.1    Levin, S.M.2    Yokoyama, Y.3
  • 51
    • 84953362977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetarian diets and weight reduction: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • 51 Huang, R.Y., Huang, C.C., Hu, F.B., Chavarro, J.E., Vegetarian diets and weight reduction: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Gen Intern Med 31:1 (2015), 109–116.
    • (2015) J Gen Intern Med , vol.31 , Issue.1 , pp. 109-116
    • Huang, R.Y.1    Huang, C.C.2    Hu, F.B.3    Chavarro, J.E.4
  • 52
    • 35549000518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A two-year randomized weight loss trial comparing a vegan diet to a more moderate low-fat diet
    • 52 Turner-McGrievy, G.M., Barnard, N.D., Scialli, A.R., A two-year randomized weight loss trial comparing a vegan diet to a more moderate low-fat diet. Obesity 15:9 (2007), 2276–2281.
    • (2007) Obesity , vol.15 , Issue.9 , pp. 2276-2281
    • Turner-McGrievy, G.M.1    Barnard, N.D.2    Scialli, A.R.3
  • 53
    • 84874318219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of hospitalization or death from ischemic heart disease among British vegetarians and nonvegetarians: Results from the EPIC-Oxford cohort study
    • 53 Crowe, F.L., Appleby, P.N., Travis, R.C., Key, T.J., Risk of hospitalization or death from ischemic heart disease among British vegetarians and nonvegetarians: Results from the EPIC-Oxford cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 97:3 (2013), 597–603.
    • (2013) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.97 , Issue.3 , pp. 597-603
    • Crowe, F.L.1    Appleby, P.N.2    Travis, R.C.3    Key, T.J.4
  • 54
    • 79956109892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetarian dietary patterns are associated with a lower risk of metabolic syndrome: The Adventist Health Study 2
    • 54 Rizzo, N.S., Sabaté, J., Jaceldo-Siegl, K., Fraser, G.E., Vegetarian dietary patterns are associated with a lower risk of metabolic syndrome: The Adventist Health Study 2. Diabetes Care 34:5 (2011), 1225–1227.
    • (2011) Diabetes Care , vol.34 , Issue.5 , pp. 1225-1227
    • Rizzo, N.S.1    Sabaté, J.2    Jaceldo-Siegl, K.3    Fraser, G.E.4
  • 55
    • 84866350134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetarian diets and blood pressure among white subjects: Results from the Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2)
    • 55 Pettersen, B.J., Anousheh, R., Fan, J., Jaceldo-Siegl, K., Fraser, G.E., Vegetarian diets and blood pressure among white subjects: Results from the Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2). Public Health Nutr 15:10 (2012), 1909–1916.
    • (2012) Public Health Nutr , vol.15 , Issue.10 , pp. 1909-1916
    • Pettersen, B.J.1    Anousheh, R.2    Fan, J.3    Jaceldo-Siegl, K.4    Fraser, G.E.5
  • 56
    • 85006189044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of vegetarian diets on blood lipids: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • 56 Wang, F., Zheng, J., Yang, B., Jiang, J., Fu, Y., Li, D., Effects of vegetarian diets on blood lipids: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Am Heart Assoc, 4(10), 2015, e002408.
    • (2015) J Am Heart Assoc , vol.4 , Issue.10 , pp. e002408
    • Wang, F.1    Zheng, J.2    Yang, B.3    Jiang, J.4    Fu, Y.5    Li, D.6
  • 58
    • 84861829724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chinese lacto-vegetarian diet exerts favorable effects on metabolic parameters, intima-media thickness, and cardiovascular risks in healthy men
    • 58 Yang, S.Y., Li, X.J., Zhang, W., et al. Chinese lacto-vegetarian diet exerts favorable effects on metabolic parameters, intima-media thickness, and cardiovascular risks in healthy men. Nutr Clin Pract 627:3 (2012), 392–398.
    • (2012) Nutr Clin Pract , vol.627 , Issue.3 , pp. 392-398
    • Yang, S.Y.1    Li, X.J.2    Zhang, W.3
  • 59
    • 84861813243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular disease mortality and cancer incidence in vegetarians: A meta-analysis and systematic review
    • 59 Huang, T., Yang, B., Zheng, J., Li, G., Wahlqvist, M.L., Li, D., Cardiovascular disease mortality and cancer incidence in vegetarians: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Ann Nutr Metab 60:4 (2012), 233–240.
    • (2012) Ann Nutr Metab , vol.60 , Issue.4 , pp. 233-240
    • Huang, T.1    Yang, B.2    Zheng, J.3    Li, G.4    Wahlqvist, M.L.5    Li, D.6
  • 60
    • 84893726275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum concentrations of cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein B in a total of 1694 meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans
    • 60 Bradbury, K.E., Crowe, F.L., Appleby, P.N., Schmidt, J.A., Travis, R.C., Key, T.J., Serum concentrations of cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein B in a total of 1694 meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans. Eur J Clin Nutr 68:2 (2014), 178–183.
    • (2014) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.68 , Issue.2 , pp. 178-183
    • Bradbury, K.E.1    Crowe, F.L.2    Appleby, P.N.3    Schmidt, J.A.4    Travis, R.C.5    Key, T.J.6
  • 61
    • 0025348731 scopus 로고
    • Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease?
    • 61 Ornish, D., Brown, S., Scherwitz, L., et al. Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease?. Lancet 336:15 (1990), 129–133.
    • (1990) Lancet , vol.336 , Issue.15 , pp. 129-133
    • Ornish, D.1    Brown, S.2    Scherwitz, L.3
  • 62
    • 0036790951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypertension and blood pressure among meat eaters, fish eaters, vegetarians and vegans in EPIC−Oxford
    • 62 Appleby, P.N., Davey, G.K., Key, T.J., Hypertension and blood pressure among meat eaters, fish eaters, vegetarians and vegans in EPIC−Oxford. Public Health Nutr 5:5 (2002), 645–654.
    • (2002) Public Health Nutr , vol.5 , Issue.5 , pp. 645-654
    • Appleby, P.N.1    Davey, G.K.2    Key, T.J.3
  • 63
    • 84898476798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetarian diets and blood pressure: A meta-analysis
    • 63 Yokoyama, Y., Nishimura, K., Barnard, N.D., et al. Vegetarian diets and blood pressure: A meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med 174:4 (2014), 577–587.
    • (2014) JAMA Intern Med , vol.174 , Issue.4 , pp. 577-587
    • Yokoyama, Y.1    Nishimura, K.2    Barnard, N.D.3
  • 65
    • 84901808391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention and management of type 2 diabetes: Dietary components and nutritional strategies
    • 65 Ley, S.H., Hamdy, O., Mohan, v, Hu, F.B., Prevention and management of type 2 diabetes: Dietary components and nutritional strategies. Lancet 383:9933 (2014), 1999–2007.
    • (2014) Lancet , vol.383 , Issue.9933 , pp. 1999-2007
    • Ley, S.H.1    Hamdy, O.2    Mohan, V.3    Hu, F.B.4
  • 66
    • 84890564070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole grain and refined grain consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and dose-response
    • 66 Aune, D., Norat, T., Romundstad, P., Vatten, L.J., Whole grain and refined grain consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and dose-response. Eur J Epidemiol 28:11 (2013), 845–858.
    • (2013) Eur J Epidemiol , vol.28 , Issue.11 , pp. 845-858
    • Aune, D.1    Norat, T.2    Romundstad, P.3    Vatten, L.J.4
  • 67
    • 33646712571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colonic fermentation of indigestible carbohydrates contributes to the second-meal effect
    • 67 Brighenti, F., Benini, L., Del Rio, D., et al. Colonic fermentation of indigestible carbohydrates contributes to the second-meal effect. Am J Clin Nutr 83:4 (2006), 817–822.
    • (2006) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.83 , Issue.4 , pp. 817-822
    • Brighenti, F.1    Benini, L.2    Del Rio, D.3
  • 68
    • 84964312558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
    • 68 Li, M., Fan, Y., Zhang, X., et al. Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. BMJ Open, 4(11), 2014, e005497.
    • (2014) BMJ Open , vol.4 , Issue.11 , pp. e005497
    • Li, M.1    Fan, Y.2    Zhang, X.3
  • 69
    • 84875798360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Walnut consumption is associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes in women
    • 69 Pan, A., Sun, Q., Mason, J.E., et al. Walnut consumption is associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes in women. J Nutr 143:4 (2013), 512–518.
    • (2013) J Nutr , vol.143 , Issue.4 , pp. 512-518
    • Pan, A.1    Sun, Q.2    Mason, J.E.3
  • 70
    • 84929656068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of potential metabolic etiologies of the observed association between red meat consumption and development of type 2 diabetes
    • 70 Kim, Y., Keogh, J., Clifton, P., A review of potential metabolic etiologies of the observed association between red meat consumption and development of type 2 diabetes. Metabolism 64:7 (2015), 768–779.
    • (2015) Metabolism , vol.64 , Issue.7 , pp. 768-779
    • Kim, Y.1    Keogh, J.2    Clifton, P.3
  • 71
    • 33746650041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A low-fat vegan diet improves glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in a randomized clinical trial in individuals with type 2 diabetes
    • 71 Barnard, N., Cohen, J., Jenkins, D.J., et al. A low-fat vegan diet improves glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in a randomized clinical trial in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 29:8 (2006), 1777–1783.
    • (2006) Diabetes Care , vol.29 , Issue.8 , pp. 1777-1783
    • Barnard, N.1    Cohen, J.2    Jenkins, D.J.3
  • 72
    • 79954497754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetarian diet improves insulin resistance and oxidative stress markers more than conventional diet in subjects with type 2 diabetes
    • 72 Kahleova, H., Matoulek, M., Malinska, O., et al. Vegetarian diet improves insulin resistance and oxidative stress markers more than conventional diet in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med 28:5 (2011), 549–559.
    • (2011) Diabet Med , vol.28 , Issue.5 , pp. 549-559
    • Kahleova, H.1    Matoulek, M.2    Malinska, O.3
  • 73
    • 84948720689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetarian diets and glycemic control in diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • 73 Yokoyama, Y., Barnard, N.D., Levin, S.M., Watanabe, M., Vegetarian diets and glycemic control in diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 4:5 (2014), 373–382.
    • (2014) Cardiovasc Diagn Ther , vol.4 , Issue.5 , pp. 373-382
    • Yokoyama, Y.1    Barnard, N.D.2    Levin, S.M.3    Watanabe, M.4
  • 75
    • 84953862868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are strict vegetarians protected against prostate cancer?
    • 75 Tantamango-Bartley, Y., Knutsen, S.F., Knutsen, R., et al. Are strict vegetarians protected against prostate cancer?. Am J Clin Nutr 103:1 (2016), 153–160.
    • (2016) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.103 , Issue.1 , pp. 153-160
    • Tantamango-Bartley, Y.1    Knutsen, S.F.2    Knutsen, R.3
  • 76
    • 35448966378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective
    • American Institute for Cancer Research Washington, DC
    • 76 World Cancer Research Fund. Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective. 2007, American Institute for Cancer Research, Washington, DC.
    • (2007)
  • 77
    • 53049089942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer is a preventable disease that requires major lifestyle changes
    • 77 Anand, P., Kunnumakkara, A.B., Sundaram, C., et al. Cancer is a preventable disease that requires major lifestyle changes. Pharm Res 25:9 (2008), 2097–2116.
    • (2008) Pharm Res , vol.25 , Issue.9 , pp. 2097-2116
    • Anand, P.1    Kunnumakkara, A.B.2    Sundaram, C.3
  • 78
    • 84954348978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant phytochemicals for prevention and treatment of chronic diseases
    • 78 Zhang, Y., Gan, R., Li, S., et al. Antioxidant phytochemicals for prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Molecules 20:12 (2015), 21138–21156.
    • (2015) Molecules , vol.20 , Issue.12 , pp. 21138-21156
    • Zhang, Y.1    Gan, R.2    Li, S.3
  • 79
    • 84893709504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant phytochemicals as epigenetic modulators: Role in cancer chemoprevention
    • 79 Thakur, V.S., Deb, G., Babcook, M.A., Gupta, S., Plant phytochemicals as epigenetic modulators: Role in cancer chemoprevention. AAPS J 16:1 (2014), 151–163.
    • (2014) AAPS J , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 151-163
    • Thakur, V.S.1    Deb, G.2    Babcook, M.A.3    Gupta, S.4
  • 80
    • 0038637789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary fibre in food and protection against colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): An observational study
    • 80 Bingham, S.A., Day, N.E., Luben, R., et al. Dietary fibre in food and protection against colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): An observational study. Lancet 361:9368 (2003), 1496–1501.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.361 , Issue.9368 , pp. 1496-1501
    • Bingham, S.A.1    Day, N.E.2    Luben, R.3
  • 81
    • 84942850281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Processed and unprocessed red meat and risk of colorectal cancer: Analysis by tumor location and modification by time
    • 81 Bernstein, A.M., Song, M., Zhang, X., et al. Processed and unprocessed red meat and risk of colorectal cancer: Analysis by tumor location and modification by time. PLoS One, 10(8), 2015, e0135959.
    • (2015) PLoS One , vol.10 , Issue.8 , pp. e0135959
    • Bernstein, A.M.1    Song, M.2    Zhang, X.3
  • 82
    • 84874590719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meat consumption and mortality—Results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
    • 82 Rohrmann, S., Overvad, K., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H.B., et al. Meat consumption and mortality—Results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. BMC Med, 2013,11, 63.
    • (2013) BMC Med , pp. 63
    • Rohrmann, S.1    Overvad, K.2    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H.B.3
  • 83
    • 84876496681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Red and processed meat intake and risk of colorectal adenomas: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies
    • 83 Aune, D., Chan, D.S., Vieira, A.R., et al. Red and processed meat intake and risk of colorectal adenomas: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Cancer Causes Control 24:4 (2013), 611–627.
    • (2013) Cancer Causes Control , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 611-627
    • Aune, D.1    Chan, D.S.2    Vieira, A.R.3
  • 84
    • 37049038431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative fracture risk in vegetarians and nonvegetarians in EPIC-Oxford
    • 84 Appleby, P., Roddam, A., Allen, N., Key, T., Comparative fracture risk in vegetarians and nonvegetarians in EPIC-Oxford. Eur J Clin Nutr 61:12 (2007), 1400–1406.
    • (2007) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.61 , Issue.12 , pp. 1400-1406
    • Appleby, P.1    Roddam, A.2    Allen, N.3    Key, T.4
  • 85
    • 84903844215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Legumes and meat analogues consumption are associated with hip fracture risk independently of meat intake among Caucasian men and women: The Adventist Health Study-2
    • 85 Lousuebsakul-Matthews, V., Thorpe, D.L., Knutsen, R., Beeson, W.L., Fraser, G.E., Knutsen, S.F., Legumes and meat analogues consumption are associated with hip fracture risk independently of meat intake among Caucasian men and women: The Adventist Health Study-2. Public Health Nutr 17:10 (2014), 2333–2343.
    • (2014) Public Health Nutr , vol.17 , Issue.10 , pp. 2333-2343
    • Lousuebsakul-Matthews, V.1    Thorpe, D.L.2    Knutsen, R.3    Beeson, W.L.4    Fraser, G.E.5    Knutsen, S.F.6
  • 86
    • 84997095389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence Analysis Library. Pregnancy and nutrition-vegetarian nutrition. 2007. Accessed June 23
    • 86 Evidence Analysis Library. Pregnancy and nutrition-vegetarian nutrition. 2007. http://andevidencelibrary.com/topic.cfm?cat=4322. Accessed June 23, 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 87
    • 84925236366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegan-vegetarian diets in pregnancy: Danger or panacea? A systematic narrative review
    • 87 Piccoli, G.B., Clari, R., Vigotti, F.N., et al. Vegan-vegetarian diets in pregnancy: Danger or panacea? A systematic narrative review. BJOG 122:5 (2015), 623–633.
    • (2015) BJOG , vol.122 , Issue.5 , pp. 623-633
    • Piccoli, G.B.1    Clari, R.2    Vigotti, F.N.3
  • 88
    • 67649385589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations of diet and physical activity during pregnancy with risk for excessive gestational weight gain
    • 58.e1-e8
    • 88 Stuebe, A.M., Oken, E., Gillman, M.W., Associations of diet and physical activity during pregnancy with risk for excessive gestational weight gain. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 201(1), 2009 58.e1-e8.
    • (2009) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.201 , Issue.1
    • Stuebe, A.M.1    Oken, E.2    Gillman, M.W.3
  • 89
    • 84953377439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant-based and plant-rich diet patterns during gestation: Beneficial effects and possible shortcomings
    • 89 Pistollato, F., Sumalla Cano, S., Elio, I., et al. Plant-based and plant-rich diet patterns during gestation: Beneficial effects and possible shortcomings. Adv Nutr 6:5 (2015), 581–591.
    • (2015) Adv Nutr , vol.6 , Issue.5 , pp. 581-591
    • Pistollato, F.1    Sumalla Cano, S.2    Elio, I.3
  • 90
    • 84904679714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Nutrition and lifestyle for a healthy pregnancy outcome
    • Accessed June 23, 2016
    • 90 Procter, S.B., Campbell, C.G., Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Nutrition and lifestyle for a healthy pregnancy outcome. J Acad Nutr Diet 114:7 (2014), 1099–1103 www.andjrnl.org/article/S2212-2672%2814%2900501-2/pdf Accessed June 23, 2016.
    • (2014) J Acad Nutr Diet , vol.114 , Issue.7 , pp. 1099-1103
    • Procter, S.B.1    Campbell, C.G.2
  • 91
    • 84906552562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practice paper of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics abstract: Nutrition and lifestyle for a healthy pregnancy outcome
    • 91 Kaiser, L.L., Campbell, C.G., Academy Positions Committee Workgroup. Practice paper of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics abstract: Nutrition and lifestyle for a healthy pregnancy outcome. J Acad Nutr Diet, 114(9), 2014, 1447.
    • (2014) J Acad Nutr Diet , vol.114 , Issue.9 , pp. 1447
    • Kaiser, L.L.1    Campbell, C.G.2
  • 92
    • 79952829242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary iron intake during early pregnancy and birth outcomes in a cohort of British women
    • 92 Alwan, N.A., Greenwood, D.C., Simpson, N.A., McArdle, H.J., Godfrey, K.M., Cade, J.E., Dietary iron intake during early pregnancy and birth outcomes in a cohort of British women. Hum Reprod 26:4 (2011), 911–919.
    • (2011) Hum Reprod , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 911-919
    • Alwan, N.A.1    Greenwood, D.C.2    Simpson, N.A.3    McArdle, H.J.4    Godfrey, K.M.5    Cade, J.E.6
  • 93
    • 0032478409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommendations to prevent and control iron deficiency in the United States
    • 93 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Recommendations to prevent and control iron deficiency in the United States. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 47:RR-3 (1998), 1–29.
    • (1998) Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.47 , Issue.RR-3 , pp. 1-29
  • 94
    • 84857988717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breastfeeding and the use of human milk
    • 94 Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics 129:3 (2012), e827–e841.
    • (2012) Pediatrics , vol.129 , Issue.3 , pp. e827-e841
  • 95
    • 0035376043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Considerations in planning vegan diets: Infants
    • 95 Mangels, A.R., Messina, V., Considerations in planning vegan diets: Infants. J Am Diet Assoc 101:6 (2001), 670–677.
    • (2001) J Am Diet Assoc , vol.101 , Issue.6 , pp. 670-677
    • Mangels, A.R.1    Messina, V.2
  • 96
    • 77951940096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetarian diets and childhood obesity prevention
    • Accessed June 23, 2016
    • 96 Sabaté, J., Wien, M., Vegetarian diets and childhood obesity prevention. Am J Clin Nutr 91:5 (2010), 1525S–1529S http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/91/5/1525S.long Accessed June 23, 2016.
    • (2010) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.91 , Issue.5 , pp. 1525S-1529S
    • Sabaté, J.1    Wien, M.2
  • 97
    • 84997404141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence Analysis Library. Vegetarian nutrition: Adolescence. 2009. Accessed June 23
    • 97 Evidence Analysis Library. Vegetarian nutrition: Adolescence. 2009. http://www.andeal.org/topic.cfm?menu=5271&pcat=3105&cat=4019. Accessed June 23, 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 98
    • 84903827903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is iron and zinc nutrition a concern for vegetarian infants and young children in industrialized countries?
    • 98 Gibson, R.S., Heath, A.L., Szymlek-Gay, E.A., Is iron and zinc nutrition a concern for vegetarian infants and young children in industrialized countries?. Am J Clin Nutr 100:suppl 1 (2014), 459S–468S.
    • (2014) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.100 , pp. 459S-468S
    • Gibson, R.S.1    Heath, A.L.2    Szymlek-Gay, E.A.3
  • 99
    • 0025560965 scopus 로고
    • Adequacy of a vegetarian diet at old age (Dutch Nutrition Surveillance System)
    • 99 Brants, H.A., Lowik, M.R., Westenbrink, S., Hulshof, K.F., Kistemaker, C., Adequacy of a vegetarian diet at old age (Dutch Nutrition Surveillance System). J Am Coll Nutr 9:4 (1990), 292–302.
    • (1990) J Am Coll Nutr , vol.9 , Issue.4 , pp. 292-302
    • Brants, H.A.1    Lowik, M.R.2    Westenbrink, S.3    Hulshof, K.F.4    Kistemaker, C.5
  • 100
    • 0033936960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein and amino acid requirements in the elderly
    • 100 Kurpad, A.V., Vaz, M., Protein and amino acid requirements in the elderly. Eur J Clin Nutr 54:suppl 3 (2000), S131–S142.
    • (2000) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.54 , pp. S131-S142
    • Kurpad, A.V.1    Vaz, M.2
  • 101
    • 84901196419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of reduced meat and dairy consumption for meeting stringent climate change targets
    • 101 Hedenus, F., Wirsenius, S., Johansson, D.J.A., The importance of reduced meat and dairy consumption for meeting stringent climate change targets. Climatic Change 124:1 (2014), 79–91.
    • (2014) Climatic Change , vol.124 , Issue.1 , pp. 79-91
    • Hedenus, F.1    Wirsenius, S.2    Johansson, D.J.A.3
  • 102
    • 84923071232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental impact of dietary change: A systematic review
    • 102 Hallström, E., Carlsson-Kanyama, A., Börjesson, P., Environmental impact of dietary change: A systematic review. J Cleaner Prod 91 (2015), 1–11.
    • (2015) J Cleaner Prod , vol.91 , pp. 1-11
    • Hallström, E.1    Carlsson-Kanyama, A.2    Börjesson, P.3
  • 103
    • 84859887416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Representative concentration pathways and mitigation scenarios for nitrous oxide
    • 103 Davidson, E.A., Representative concentration pathways and mitigation scenarios for nitrous oxide. Environ Res Lett, 7(2), 2012, 024005.
    • (2012) Environ Res Lett , vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp. 024005
    • Davidson, E.A.1
  • 105
    • 84997061849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of Meat Consumption on Health and Environmental Sustainability
    • IGI Global Hershey, PA
    • 105 Raphaely, T., Marinova, D., Impact of Meat Consumption on Health and Environmental Sustainability. 2016, IGI Global, Hershey, PA.
    • (2016)
    • Raphaely, T.1    Marinova, D.2
  • 106
    • 84997485206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee. Scientific Report of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee—Part D. Chapter 5: Food Sustainability and Safety. Updated January 28, 2015. Accessed September 19
    • 106 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee. Scientific Report of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee—Part D. Chapter 5: Food Sustainability and Safety. https://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015-scientific-report/PDFs/10-Part-D-Chapter-5.pdf. Updated January 28, 2015. Accessed September 19, 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 107
    • 84941142937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing the water, energy, pesticide and fertilizer usage for the production of foods consumed by different dietary types in California
    • 107 Marlow, H.J., Harwatt, H., Soret, S., Sabaté, J., Comparing the water, energy, pesticide and fertilizer usage for the production of foods consumed by different dietary types in California. Public Health Nutr 18:13 (2015), 2425–2432.
    • (2015) Public Health Nutr , vol.18 , Issue.13 , pp. 2425-2432
    • Marlow, H.J.1    Harwatt, H.2    Soret, S.3    Sabaté, J.4
  • 109
    • 84997223988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental Protection Agency. Environmental assessment of proposed revisions to the national pollutant discharge elimination system regulation and the effluent guidelines for concentrated animal farming operations. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water. EPA Number 821B01001. Published January 2001. Accessed September 14
    • 109 Environmental Protection Agency. Environmental assessment of proposed revisions to the national pollutant discharge elimination system regulation and the effluent guidelines for concentrated animal farming operations. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water. EPA Number 821B01001. https://www3.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/cafo_proposed_env_assess_ch1-3.pdf. Published January 2001. Accessed September 14, 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 110
    • 84938151009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity conservation: The key is reducing meat consumption
    • 110 Machovina, B., Feeley, K.J., Ripple, W.J., Biodiversity conservation: The key is reducing meat consumption. Sci Total Environ 536 (2015), 419–431.
    • (2015) Sci Total Environ , vol.536 , pp. 419-431
    • Machovina, B.1    Feeley, K.J.2    Ripple, W.J.3
  • 112
    • 84903836224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change mitigation and health effects of varied dietary patterns in real-life settings throughout North America
    • 112 Soret, S., Mejia, A., Batech, M., Jaceldo-Siegl, K., Harwatt, H., Sabate, J., Climate change mitigation and health effects of varied dietary patterns in real-life settings throughout North America. Am J Clin Nutr 100:suppl 1 (2014), 490S–495S.
    • (2014) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.100 , pp. 490S-495S
    • Soret, S.1    Mejia, A.2    Batech, M.3    Jaceldo-Siegl, K.4    Harwatt, H.5    Sabate, J.6
  • 113
    • 84872183929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in greenhouse gas emissions from consumption and production of animal food products—Implications for long-term climate targets
    • 113 Cederberg, C., Hedenus, F., Wirsenius, S., Sonesson, U., Trends in greenhouse gas emissions from consumption and production of animal food products—Implications for long-term climate targets. Animal 7:2 (2013), 330–340.
    • (2013) Animal , vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp. 330-340
    • Cederberg, C.1    Hedenus, F.2    Wirsenius, S.3    Sonesson, U.4
  • 114
    • 84929413969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agriculture and food animals as a source of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria
    • 114 Economou, V., Gousia, P., Agriculture and food animals as a source of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Infect Drug Resist 8 (2015), 49–61.
    • (2015) Infect Drug Resist , vol.8 , pp. 49-61
    • Economou, V.1    Gousia, P.2
  • 115
    • 84997105418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Department of Agriculture. All about the protein foods group. Updated July 29, 2016. Accessed September 14
    • 115 US Department of Agriculture. All about the protein foods group. http://www.choosemyplate.gov/protein-foods. Updated July 29, 2016. Accessed September 14, 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 116
    • 84997324511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Department of Agriculture. All about the dairy group. Updated July 29, 2016. Accessed September 14
    • 116 US Department of Agriculture. All about the dairy group. http://www.choosemyplate.gov/dairy. Updated July 29, 2016. Accessed September 14, 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 117
    • 84997105403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Department of Agriculture. Non-dairy sources of calcium. Updated January 12, 2016. Accessed September 14
    • 117 US Department of Agriculture. Non-dairy sources of calcium. http://www.choosemyplate.gov/dairy-calcium-sources. Updated January 12, 2016. Accessed September 14, 2016.
    • (2016)


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.