Systematic analysis of gene expression alterations and clinical outcomes for long-chain acyl-coenzyme A synthetase family in cancer

PLoS ONE

Volumn 11, Issue 5, 2016, Pages

  Chen, Wei Ching ^a   Wang, Chih Yang ^a   Hung, Yu Hsuan ^a   Weng, Tzu Yang ^a   Yen, Meng Chi ^b   Lai, Ming Derg ^a  

^a NATIONAL CHENG KUNG UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^b KAOHSIUNG MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LONG CHAIN FATTY ACID COENZYME A LIGASE; COENZYME A LIGASE; LONG-CHAIN-FATTY-ACID-COA LIGASE; MESSENGER RNA; SMALL INTERFERING RNA;

ACSL1 GENE; ACSL3 GENE; ACSL4 GENE; ACSL5 GENE; ACSL6 GENE; ACUTE MYELOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA; ANCHORAGE INDEPENDENT GROWTH; ARTICLE; BIRC3 GENE; BRAIN CANCER; BREAST CANCER; CANCER INHIBITION; CANCER PROGNOSIS; CANCER SURVIVAL; CARCINOGENESIS; CELL MIGRATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; COLON CANCER; COLORECTAL CANCER; CONTROLLED STUDY; DARC GENE; DOWN REGULATION; GENE; GENE EXPRESSION; HNRNPCL1 GENE; HUMAN; IN VITRO STUDY; ITIH2 GENE; LRRFIP1 GENE; LUNG CANCER; MELANOMA; MYBPH GENE; NEOPLASM; OVARY CANCER; PFKFB3 GENE; PROCR GENE; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FAMILY; PTPRE GENE; SEMA5A GENE; SERPIN2 GENE; SERPINB1 GENE; SNUPN GENE; SOCS3 GENE; SOX6 GENE; TAPBPL GENE; TMEM140 GENE; TRIP13 GENE; TSC22D1 GENE; ENZYMOLOGY; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENETICS; METABOLISM; PATHOLOGY; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TUMOR CELL LINE;

CELL LINE, TUMOR; CELL PROLIFERATION; COENZYME A LIGASES; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, ENZYMOLOGIC; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, NEOPLASTIC; HUMANS; NEOPLASMS; RNA, MESSENGER; RNA, SMALL INTERFERING; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84970029055     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155660     Document Type: Article

References (85)

1. Hu H, Takano N, Xiang L, Gilkes DM, Luo W, Semenza GI. Hypoxia-inducible factors enhance glutamate signaling in cancer cells. Oncotarget 2014; 5: 8853-8868. PMID: 25326682
2. Staubert C, Broom OJ, Nordstrom A. Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptors are essential for breast cancer cells to control their lipid/fatty acid metabolism. Oncotarget 2015; 6: 19706-19720. PMID: 25839160
3. Akimoto M, Iizuka M, Kanematsu R, Yoshida M, Takenaga K. Anticancer Effect of Ginger Extract against Pancreatic Cancer Cells Mainly through Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Autotic Cell Death. PLoS One 2015; 10: e0126605. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126605 PMID: 25961833
4. Currie E, Schulze A, Zechner R, Walther TC, Farese RV, Jr. Cellular fatty acid metabolism and cancer. Cell Metab 2013; 18: 153-161. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.017 PMID: 23791484
5. Pandey PR, Liu W, Xing F, Fukuda K, Watabe K. Anti-cancer drugs targeting fatty acid synthase (FAS). Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2012; 7: 185-197. PMID: 22338595
6. Kim S, Lee Y, Koo JS. Differential expression of lipid metabolism-related proteins in different breast cancer subtypes. PLoS One 2015; 10: e0119473. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119473 PMID: 25751270
7. Vargas T, Moreno-Rubio J, Herranz J, Cejas P, Molina S, Gonzalez-Vallinas M, et al. ColoLipidGene: signature of lipid metabolism-related genes to predict prognosis in stage-II colon cancer patients. Oncotarget 2015; 6: 7348-7363. PMID: 25749516
8. Coleman RA, Lewin TM, Muoio DM. Physiological and nutritional regulation of enzymes of triacylglycerol synthesis. Annu Rev Nutr 2000; 20: 77-103. PMID: 10940327
9. Soupene E, Kuypers FA. Mammalian long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2008; 233: 507-521.
10. Coleman RA, Lee DP. Enzymes of triacylglycerol synthesis and their regulation. Prog Lipid Res 2004; 43: 134-176. PMID: 14654091
11. Kanter JE, Tang C, Oram JF, Bornfeldt KE. Acyl-CoA synthetase 1 is required for oleate and linoleate mediated inhibition of cholesterol efflux through ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 in macrophages. Biochim Biophys Acta 2012; 1821: 358-364. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.10.008 PMID: 22020260
12. Lopes-Marques M, Cunha I, Reis-Henriques MA, Santos MM, Castro LF. Diversity and history of the long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (Acsl) gene family in vertebrates. BMC Evol Biol 2013; 13: 271. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-13-271 PMID: 24330521
13. Martin G, Schoonjans K, Lefebvre AM, Staels B, Auwerx J. Coordinate regulation of the expression of the fatty acid transport protein and acyl-CoA synthetase genes by PPARalpha and PPARgamma activators. J Biol Chem 1997; 272: 28210-28217. PMID: 9353271
14. Zhou Y, Abidi P, Kim A, Chen W, Huang TT, Kraemer FB, et al. Transcriptional activation of hepatic ACSL3 and ACSL5 by oncostatin m reduces hypertriglyceridemia through enhanced beta-oxidation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2007; 27: 2198-2205. PMID: 17761945
15. Chang YS, Tsai CT, Huangfu CA, Huang WY, Lei HY, Lin CF, et al. ACSL3 and GSK-3beta are essential for lipid upregulation induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver cells. J Cell Biochem 2011; 112: 881-893. doi: 10.1002/jcb.22996 PMID: 21328461
16. Pei Z, Sun P, Huang P, Lal B, Laterra J, Watkins PA. Acyl-CoA synthetase VL3 knockdown inhibits human glioma cell proliferation and tumorigenicity. Cancer Res 2009; 69: 9175-9182. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-4689 PMID: 19920185
17. Pei Z, Fraisl P, Shi X, Gabrielson E, Forss-Petter S, Berger J, et al. Very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 3: overexpression and growth dependence in lung cancer. PLoS One 2013; 8: e69392. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069392 PMID: 23936004
18. Marques RB, Dits NF, Erkens-Schulze S, van Ijcken WF, van Weerden WM, Jenster G. Modulation of androgen receptor signaling in hormonal therapy-resistant prostate cancer cell lines. PLoS One 2011; 6: e23144. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023144 PMID: 21829708
19. Rhodes DR, Yu J, Shanker K, Deshpande N, Varambally R, Ghosh D, et al. ONCOMINE: a cancer microarray database and integrated data-mining platform. Neoplasia 2004; 6: 1-6. PMID: 15068665
20. Rhodes DR, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Mahavisno V, Varambally R, Yu J, Briggs BB, et al. Oncomine 3.0: genes, pathways, and networks in a collection of 18,000 cancer gene expression profiles. Neoplasia 2007; 9: 166-180. PMID: 17356713
21. Hoheisel JD. Microarray technology: beyond transcript profiling and genotype analysis. Nat Rev Genet 2006; 7: 200-210. PMID: 16485019
22. Wang CY, Lai MD, Phan NN, Sun Z, Lin YC Meta-Analysis of Public Microarray Datasets Reveals Voltage-Gated Calcium Gene Signatures in Clinical Cancer Patients. PLoS One 2015; 10: e0125766. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125766 PMID: 26147197
23. Bessarabova M, Ishkin A, JeBailey L, Nikolskaya T, Nikolsky Y. Knowledge-based analysis of proteomics data. BMC Bioinformatics 2012; 13 Suppl 16: S13. doi: 10.1186/1471-2105-13-S16-S13 PMID: 23176192
24. Mizuno H, Kitada K, Nakai K, Sarai A. PrognoScan: a new database for meta-analysis of the prognostic value of genes. BMC Med Genomics 2009; 2: 18. doi: 10.1186/1755-8794-2-18 PMID: 19393097
25. Gyorffy B, Surowiak P, Budczies J, Lanczky A. Online survival analysis software to assess the prognostic value of biomarkers using transcriptomic data in non-small-cell lung cancer. PLoS One 2013; 8: e82241. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082241 PMID: 24367507
26. Krammer J, Digel M, Ehehalt F, Stremmel W, Fullekrug J, Ehehalt R. Overexpression of CD36 and acyl-CoA synthetases FATP2, FATP4 and ACSL1 increases fatty acid uptake in human hepatoma cells. Int J Med Sci 2011; 8: 599-614. PMID: 22022213
27. Muir K, Hazim A, He Y, Peyressatre M, Kim DY, Song X, et al. Proteomic and lipidomic signatures of lipid metabolism in NASH-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res 2013; 73: 4722-4731. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-3797 PMID: 23749645
28. Joseph R, Poschmann J, Sukarieh R, Too PG, Julien SG, Xu F, et al. ACSL1 Is Associated With Fetal Programming of Insulin Sensitivity and Cellular Lipid Content. Mol Endocrinol 2015; 29: 909-920. doi: 10.1210/me.2015-1020 PMID: 25915184
29. Li LO, Grevengoed TJ, Paul DS, Ilkayeva O, Koves TR, Pascual F, et al. Compartmentalized acyl-CoA metabolism in skeletal muscle regulates systemic glucose homeostasis. Diabetes 2015; 64: 23-35. doi: 10.2337/db13-1070 PMID: 25071025
30. Schaffer JE, Lodish HF. Expression cloning and characterization of a novel adipocyte long chain fatty acid transport protein. Cell 1994; 79: 427-436. PMID: 7954810
31. Parkes HA, Preston E, Wilks D, Ballesteros M, Carpenter L, Wood L, et al. Overexpression of acyl-CoA synthetase-1 increases lipid deposition in hepatic (HepG2) cells and rodent liver in vivo. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2006; 291: E737-744. PMID: 16705061
32. Ellis JM, Mentock SM, Depetrillo MA, Koves TR, Sen S, Watkins SM, et al. Mouse cardiac acyl coenzyme a synthetase 1 deficiency impairs Fatty Acid oxidation and induces cardiac hypertrophy. Mol Cell Biol 2011; 31: 1252-1262. doi: 10.1128/MCB.01085-10 PMID: 21245374
33. Cui M, Wang Y, Sun B, Xiao Z, Ye L, Zhang X. MiR-205 modulates abnormal lipid metabolism of hepatoma cells via targeting acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1 (ACSL1) mRNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 444: 270-275. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.01.051 PMID: 24462768
34. Poppelreuther M, Rudolph B, Du C, Grossmann R, Becker M, Thiele C, et al. The N-terminal region of acyl-CoA synthetase 3 is essential for both the localization on lipid droplets and the function in fatty acid uptake. J Lipid Res 2012; 53: 888-900. doi: 10.1194/jlr.M024562 PMID: 22357706
35. Fujimoto Y, Itabe H, Sakai J, Makita M, Noda J, Mori M, et al. Identification of major proteins in the lipid droplet-enriched fraction isolated from the human hepatocyte cell line HuH7. Biochim Biophys Acta 2004; 1644: 47-59. PMID: 14741744
36. Fujimoto Y, Itabe H, Kinoshita T, Homma KJ, Onoduka J, Mori M, et al. Involvement of ACSL in local synthesis of neutral lipids in cytoplasmic lipid droplets in human hepatocyte HuH7. J Lipid Res 2007; 48: 1280-1292. PMID: 17379924
37. Yao H, Ye J. Long chain acyl-CoA synthetase 3-mediated phosphatidylcholine synthesis is required for assembly of very low density lipoproteins in human hepatoma Huh7 cells. J Biol Chem 2008; 283: 849-854. PMID: 18003621
38. Kageyama A, Matsui H, Ohta M, Sambuichi K, Kawano H, Notsu T, et al. Palmitic acid induces osteoblastic differentiation in vascular smooth muscle cells through ACSL3 and NF-kappaB, novel targets of eicosapentaenoic acid. PLoS One 2013; 8: e68197. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068197 PMID: 23840832
39. Cao A, Li H, Zhou Y, Wu M, Liu J. Long chain acyl-CoA synthetase-3 is a molecular target for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta in HepG2 hepatoma cells. J Biol Chem 2010; 285: 16664-16674. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.112805 PMID: 20308079
40. Weedon-Fekjaer MS, Dalen KT, Solaas K, Staff AC, Duttaroy AK, Nebb HI. Activation of LXR increases acyl-CoA synthetase activity through direct regulation of ACSL3 in human placental trophoblast cells. J Lipid Res 2010; 51: 1886-1896. doi: 10.1194/jlr.M004978 PMID: 20219900
41. Kang MJ, Fujino T, Sasano H, Minekura H, Yabuki N, Nagura H, et al. A novel arachidonate-preferring acyl-CoA synthetase is present in steroidogenic cells of the rat adrenal, ovary, and testis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997; 94: 2880-2884. PMID: 9096315
42. Kuch EM, Vellaramkalayil R, Zhang I, Lehnen D, Brugger B, Sreemmel W, et al. Differentially localized acyl-CoA synthetase 4 isoenzymes mediate the metabolic channeling of fatty acids towards phosphatidylinositol. Biochim Biophys Acta 2014; 1841: 227-239. PMID: 24201376
43. Piccini M, Vitelli F, Bruttini M, Pober BR, Jonsson JJ, Villanova M, et al. FACL4, a new gene encoding long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4, is deleted in a family with Alport syndrome, elliptocytosis, and mental retardation. Genomics 1998; 47: 350-358. PMID: 9480748
44. Cho YY, Kang MJ, Sone H, Suzuki T, Abe M, Igarashi M, et al. Abnormal uterus with polycysts, accumulation of uterine prostaglandins, and reduced fertility in mice heterozygous for acyl-CoA synthetase 4 deficiency. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 284: 993-997. PMID: 11409893
45. Cho YY. A novel role of brain-type ACS4 isotype in neuronal differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 419: 505-510. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.02.046 PMID: 22366036
46. Orlando UD, Garona J, Ripoll GV, Maloberti PM, Solano AR, Avagnina A, et al. The functional interaction between Acyl-CoA synthetase 4, 5-lipooxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 controls tumor growth: a novel therapeutic target. PLoS One 2012; 7: e40794. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040794 PMID: 22808264
47. Monaco ME, Creighton CJ, Lee P, Zou X, Topham MK, Stafforini DM. Expression of Long-chain Fatty Acyl-CoA Synthetase 4 in Breast and Prostate Cancers Is Associated with Sex Steroid Hormone Receptor Negativity. Transl Oncol 2010; 3: 91-98. PMID: 20360933
48. Cao Y, Pearman AT, Zimmerman GA, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM. Intracellular unesterified arachidonic acid signals apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97: 11280-11285. PMID: 11005842
49. Cao Y, Dave KB, Doan TP, Prescott SM. Fatty acid CoA ligase 4 is up-regulated in colon adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 2001; 61: 8429-8434. PMID: 11731423
50. Sung YK, Park MK, Hong SH, Hwang SY, Kwack MH, Kim JC, et al. Regulation of cell growth by fatty acid-CoA ligase 4 in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Exp Mol Med 2007; 39: 477-482. PMID: 17934335
51. Kan CF, Singh AB, Stafforini DM, Azhar S, Liu J. Arachidonic acid downregulates acyl-CoA synthetase 4 expression by promoting its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. J Lipid Res 2014; 55: 1657-1667. PMID: 24879802
52. Cui M, Xiao Z, Sun B, Wang Y, Zheng M, Yw L, et al. Involvement of cholesterol in hepatitis B virus X protein-induced abnormal lipid metabolism of hepatoma cells via up-regulating miR-205-targeted ACSL4. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 445: 651-655. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.02.068 PMID: 24576478
53. Wu X, Li Y, Wang J, Wen X, Marcus MT, Daniels G, et al. Long chain fatty Acyl-CoA synthetase 4 is a biomarker for and mediator of hormone resistance in human breast cancer. PLoS One 2013; 8: e77060. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077060 PMID: 24155918
54. Gassler N, Roth W, Funke B, Schneider A, Herzog F, Tischendorf JJ, et al. Regulation of enterocyte apoptosis by acyl-CoA synthetase 5 splicing. Gastroenterology 2007; 133: 587-598. PMID: 17681178
55. Gassler N, Kopitz J, Tehrani A, Ottenwalder B, Schnolzer M, Kartenbeck J, et al. Expression of acyl-CoA synthetase 5 reflects the state of villus architecture in human small intestine. J Pathol 2004; 202: 188-196. PMID: 14743501
56. Gassler N, Obermuller N, Keith M, Schirmacher P, Autschbach F. Characterization of metaplastic and heterotopic epithelia in the human gastrointestinal tract by the expression pattern of acyl-CoA synthetase 5. Histol Histopathol 2005; 20: 409-414. PMID: 15736044
57. Obermuller N, Keith M, Kopitz J, Autschbach F, Schirmacher P, Gassler N. Coeliac disease is associated with impaired expression of acyl-CoA-synthetase 5. Int J Colorectal Dis 2006; 21: 130-134. PMID: 15809837
58. Klaus C, Kaemmerer E, Reinartz A, Schneider U, Plum P, Jeon MK, et al. TP53 status regulates ACSL5-induced expression of mitochondrial mortalin in enterocytes and colorectal adenocarcinomas. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 357: 267-278. doi: 10.1007/s00441-014-1826-8 PMID: 24770931
59. Pitule P, Vycital O, Bruha J, Novak P, Hosek P, Treska V, et al. Differential expression and prognostic role of selected genes in colorectal cancer patients. Anticancer Res 2013; 33: 4855-4865. PMID: 24222123
60. Gaisa NT, Reinartz A, Schneider U, Klaus C, Heidenreich A, Jakse G, et al. Levels of acyl-coenzyme A synthetase 5 in urothelial cells and corresponding neoplasias reflect cellular differentiation. Histol Histopathol 2013; 28: 353-364. PMID: 23348389
61. Mashek DG, McKenzie MA, Van Horn CG, Coleman RA. Rat long chain acyl-CoA synthetase 5 increases fatty acid uptake and partitioning to cellular triacylglycerol in McArdle-RH7777 cells. J Biol Chem 2006; 281: 945-950. PMID: 16263710
62. Reinartz A, Ehling J, Leue A, Liedtke C, Schneider U, Kopitz J, et al. Lipid-induced up-regulation of human acyl-CoA synthetase 5 promotes hepatocellular apoptosis. Biochim Biophys Acta 2010; 1801: 1025-1035. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2010.04.010 PMID: 20470896
63. Bu SY, Mashek DG. Hepatic long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 5 mediates fatty acid channeling between anabolic and catabolic pathways. J Lipid Res 2010; 51: 3270-3280. doi: 10.1194/jlr.M009407 PMID: 20798351
64. Meller N, Morgan ME, Wong WP, Altemus JB, Sehayek E. Targeting of Acyl-CoA synthetase 5 decreases jejunal fatty acid activation with no effect on dietary long-chain fatty acid absorption. Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12: 88. doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-12-88 PMID: 23767941
65. Teng AC, Adamo K, Tesson F, Stewart AF. Functional characterization of a promoter polymorphism that drives ACSL5 gene expression in skeletal muscle and associates with diet-induced weight loss. FASEB J 2009; 23: 1705-1709. doi: 10.1096/fj.08-120998 PMID: 19218499
66. Mashima T, Sato S, Sugimoto Y, Tsuruo T, Seimiya H. Promotion of glioma cell survival by acyl-CoA synthetase 5 under extracellular acidosis conditions. Oncogene 2009; 28: 9-19. doi: 10.1038/onc.2008.355 PMID: 18806831
67. Kang H, Lee SK, Kim MH, Choi H, Lee SH, Kwack K. Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 6 is associated with premature ovarian failure. Fertil Steril 2009; 91: 1339-1343. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.03.035 PMID: 18555221
68. Chen X, Wang X, Hossain S, O'Neill FA, Walsh D, Pless L, et al. Haplotypes spanning SPEC2, PDZ-GEF2 and ACSL6 genes are associated with schizophrenia.Hum Mol Genet 2006; 15: 3329-3342. PMID: 17030554
69. Chen J, Brunzell DH, Jackson K, van der Vaart A, Ma JZ, Payne TJ, et al. ACSL6 is associated with the number of cigarettes smoked and its expression is altered by chronic nicotine exposure. PLoS One 2011; 6: e28790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028790 PMID: 22205969
70. Kee HJ, Koh JT, Yang SY, Lee ZH, Baik YH, Kim KK. A novel murine long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase expressed in brain participates in neuronal cell proliferation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003; 305: 925-933. PMID: 12767919
71. Ellis JM, Frahm JL, Li LO, Coleman RA. Acyl-coenzyme A synthetases in metabolic control. Curr Opin Lipidol 2010; 21: 212-217. PMID: 20480548
72. Mills GB, Lu Y, Fang X, Wang H, Eder A, Mao M, et al. The role of genetic abnormalities of PTEN and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway in breast and ovarian tumorigenesis, prognosis, and therapy. Semin Oncol 2001; 28: 125-141. PMID: 11706404
73. Moslehi R, Chu W, Karlan B, Fishman D, Risch H, Fields A, et al. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation analysis of 208 Ashkenazi Jewish women with ovarian cancer. Am J Hum Genet 2000; 66: 1259-1272. PMID: 10739756
74. Kang S, Lee A, Park YS, Lee SC, Park SY, Han SY, et al. Alteration in lipid and protein profiles of ovarian cancer: similarity to breast cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2011; 21: 1566-1572. doi: 10.1097/IGC.0b013e318226c5f5 PMID: 22123712
75. Cancer Genome Atlas Network. Comprehensive molecular portraits of human breast tumours. Nature 2012; 490: 61-70. doi: 10.1038/nature11412 PMID: 23000897
76. Prat A, Adamo B, Fan C, Peg V, Vidal M, Galvan P, et al. Genomic analyses across six cancer types identify basal-like breast cancer as a unique molecular entity. Sci Rep 2013; 3: 3544. doi: 10.1038/srep03544 PMID: 24384914
77. Balko JM, Black EP. Ovarian carcinoma as a surrogate tumor for lung adenocarcinomas in evaluating the chemo-stability of a gene expression signature. Cancer Biol Ther 2009; 8: 167-173. PMID: 19029813
78. Klaus C, Schneider U, Hedberg C, Schutz AK, Bernhagen J, Waldmann H, et al. Modulating effects of acyl-CoA synthetase 5-derived mitochondrial Wnt2B palmitoylation on intestinal Wnt activity. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 14855-14864. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i40.14855 PMID: 25356045
79. Yan S, Yang XF, Liu HL, Fu N, Ouyang Y, Qing K. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase in fatty acid metabolism involved in liver and other diseases: an update. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21: 3492-3498. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i12.3492 PMID: 25834313
80. Guo S, Wang Y, Zhou D, Li Z. Significantly increased monounsaturated lipids relative to polyunsaturated lipids in six types of cancer microenvironment are observed by mass spectrometry imaging. Sci Rep 2014; 4: 5959. doi: 10.1038/srep05959 PMID: 25091112
81. Sanchez-Martinez R, Cruz-Gil S, Gomez de Cedron M, Alvarez-Fernandez M, Vargas T, Garcia B, et al. A link between lipid metabolism and epithelial-mesenchymal transition provides a target for colon cancer therapy. Oncotarget 2015; 6: 38719-38736. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.5340 PMID: 26451612
82. Srivastava N, Kollipara RK, Singh DK, Sudderth J, Hu Z, Nguyen H, et al. Inhibition of cancer cell proliferation by PPARgamma is mediated by a metabolic switch that increases reactive oxygen species levels. Cell Metab 2014; 20: 650-661. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.08.003 PMID: 25264247
83. Ellis JM, Li LO, Wu PC, Koves TR, Ilkayeva O, Stevens RD, et al. Adipose acyl-CoA synthetase-1 directs fatty acids toward beta-oxidation and is required for cold thermogenesis. Cell Metab 2010; 12: 53-64. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2010.05.012 PMID: 20620995
84. Park JH, Vithayathil S, Kumar S, Sung PL, Dobrolecki LE, Putluri V, et al. Fatty Acid Oxidation-Driven Src Links Mitochondrial Energy Reprogramming and Oncogenic Properties in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cell Rep 2016; 14: 2154-2165. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.02.004 PMID: 26923594
85. Pucci S, Zonetti MJ, Fisco T, Polidoro C, Bocchinfuso G, Palleschi A, et al. Carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1A (CPT1A): a new tumor specific target in human breast cancer. Oncotarget 2016.