Bacterial cellulose as a material for wound treatment: Properties and modifications: A review

Biotechnology Advances

Volumn 33, Issue 8, 2015, Pages 1547-1571

  Sulaeva, Irina ^a   Henniges, Ute ^a   Rosenau, Thomas ^a   Potthast, Antje ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND LIFE SCIENCES   (Austria)

Author keywords

Antimicrobial activity; Bacterial cellulose; Biocompatibility; Chemical reactivity; Functionalization; Water holding capacity; Wound treatment

Indexed keywords

BIOCHEMISTRY; BIOCOMPATIBILITY; CHEMICAL REACTIVITY; MECHANICAL STABILITY; MICROORGANISMS; TISSUE REGENERATION;

ANTI-MICROBIAL ACTIVITY; BACTERIAL CELLULOSE; FUNCTIONALIZATIONS; WATER HOLDING CAPACITY; WOUND TREATMENT;

CELLULOSE;

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS);

BIOMATERIAL; CELLULOSE;

BACTERIUM; BANDAGE; CHEMISTRY; HUMAN; METABOLISM; WOUND HEALING;

BACTERIA; BANDAGES; BIOCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS; CELLULOSE; HUMANS; METABOLIC NETWORKS AND PATHWAYS; WOUND HEALING;

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; BACTERIUM; CELLULOSE; CHEMICAL REACTION; IN SITU MEASUREMENT; OPTIMIZATION; SKIN; WATER UPTAKE;

BACTERIAL COUNT; CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES; REGENERATED CELLULOSE; SURGICAL DRESSINGS; TISSUE;

EID: 84939817734     PISSN: 07349750     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.07.009     Document Type: Review

References (325)

1. Agarwal A., McAnulty J.F., Schurr M.J., Murphy C.J., Abbott N.L. Polymeric materials for chronic wound and burn dressings. Advanced Wound Repair Therapies 2011, 186-208. Woodhead Publishing. D. Farrar (Ed.).
2. Ahrem H., Pretzel D., Endres M., Conrad D., Courseau J., Muller H., et al. Laser-structured bacterial nanocellulose hydrogels support ingrowth and differentiation of chondrocytes and show potential as cartilage implants. Acta Biomater. 2014, 10:1341-1353.
3. Akduman B., Uygun M., Coban E.P., Uygun D.A., Biyik H., Akgol S. Reversible immobilization of urease by using bacterial cellulose nanofibers. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 2013, 171:2285-2294.
4. Alavi A., Sibbald R.G., Mayer D., Goodman L., Botros M., Armstrong D.G., et al. Diabetic foot ulcers: part II. Management. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2014, 70:21. (e1-4).
5. Alberts B., Johnson A., Lewis J., Raff M., Roberts K., Walter P. Molecular Biology of the Cell 2002, Garland Science, New York. 4th ed.
6. Almeida I.F., Pereira T., Silva N.H., Gomes F.P., Silvestre A.J., Freire C.S., et al. Bacterial cellulose membranes as drug delivery systems: an in vivo skin compatibility study. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 2014, 86:332-336.
7. Andersson J., Stenhamre H., Backdahl H., Gatenholm P. Behavior of human chondrocytes in engineered porous bacterial cellulose scaffolds. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 2010, 94:1124-1132.
8. Andrade F.K., Costa R., Domingues L., Soares R., Gama M. Improving bacterial cellulose for blood vessel replacement: functionalization with a chimeric protein containing a cellulose-binding module and an adhesion peptide. Acta Biomater. 2010, 6:4034-4041.
9. Andrade F.K., Moreira S.M.G., Domingues L., Gama F.M.P. Improving the affinity of fibroblasts for bacterial cellulose using carbohydrate-binding modules fused to RGD. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 2010, 92A:9-17.
10. Andrade F.K., Alexandre N., Amorim I., Gartner F., Mauricio A.C., Luis A.L., et al. Studies on the biocompatibility of bacterial cellulose. J. Bioact. Compat. Polym. 2012, 28:97-112.
11. Atalla R.H., Isogai A. Celluloses. Comprehensive Natural Products II 2010, 493-539. Elsevier, Oxford. H.-W. Liu, L. Mander (Eds.).
12. Baah-Dwomoh A., Rolong A., Gatenholm P., Davalos R. The feasibility of using irreversible electroporation to introduce pores in bacterial cellulose scaffolds for tissue engineering. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2015, 99:4785-4794.
13. Backdahl H., Helenius G., Bodin A., Nannmark U., Johansson B.R., Risberg B., et al. Mechanical properties of bacterial cellulose and interactions with smooth muscle cells. Biomaterials 2006, 27:2141-2149.
14. Backdahl H., Esguerra M., Delbro D., Risberg B., Gatenholm P. Engineering microporosity in bacterial cellulose scaffolds. J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med. 2008, 2:320-330.
15. Barud H.S., de Araújo Júnior A.M., Santos D.B., de Assunção R.M.N., Meireles C.S., Cerqueira D.A., et al. Thermal behavior of cellulose acetate produced from homogeneous acetylation of bacterial cellulose. Thermochim. Acta 2008, 471:61-69.
16. Barud H.S., Regiani T., Marques R.F.C., Lustri W.R., Messaddeq Y., Ribeiro S.J.L. Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose-silver nanoparticles composite membranes. J. Nanomater. 2011, 2011:721631.
17. Basmaji P., de Olyveira G.M., dos Santos M.L., Guastaldi A.C. Novel antimicrobial peptides bacterial cellulose obtained by symbioses culture between polyhexanide biguanide (PHMB) and green tea. J. Biomater. Tissue Eng. 2014, 4:59-64.
18. Basnett P., Knowles J.C., Pishbin F., Smith C., Keshavarz T., Boccaccini A.R., et al. Novel biodegradable and biocompatible poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate)/bacterial cellulose composites. Adv. Eng. Mater. 2012, 14:B330-B343.
19. Bergstrom N., Horn S.D., Smout R.J., Bender S.A., Ferguson M.L., Taler G., et al. The national pressure ulcer long-term care study: outcomes of pressure ulcer treatments in long-term care. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2005, 53:1721-1729.
20. Berndt S., Wesarg F., Wiegand C., Kralisch D., Müller F.A. Antimicrobial porous hybrids consisting of bacterial nanocellulose and silver nanoparticles. Cellulose 2013, 20:771-783.
21. Bielecki S, Czaja W, Krystynowicz A. A method for the production of bacterial cellulose. Patent WO2005003366 A1; 2005a Jan 13.
22. Bielecki S., Krystynowicz A., Turkiewicz M., Kalinowska H. Bacterial cellulose. Biopolymers: Volume 5, Polysaccharides I: Polysaccharides from Prokaryotes 2005, 37-90. Wiley-VCH. E.J. Vandamme, A. Steinbüchel, S.D. Baets (Eds.).
23. Bizot H., Cathala B. A route to uniaxially oriented ribbons of bacterial cellulose nanocrystals based on isomalt spun sacrificial template. Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J. 2014, 29:15-18.
24. Bjornberg S, Smith JG. Device for the treatment of vaginal fungal infection. United States patent US 8748689 B2. 2014 Jun 10.
25. Blake D.M., Maness P.-C., Huang Z., Wolfrum E.J., Huang J., Jacoby W.A. Application of the photocatalytic chemistry of titanium dioxide to disinfection and the killing of cancer cells. Sep. Purif. Rev. 1999, 28:1-50.
26. Boateng J.S., Matthews K.H., Stevens H.N., Eccleston G.M. Wound healing dressings and drug delivery systems: a review. J. Pharm. Sci. 2008, 97:2892-2923.
27. Bodin A., Ahrenstedt L., Fink H., Brumer H., Risberg B., Gatenholm P. Modification of nanocellulose with a xyloglucan-RGD conjugate enhances adhesion and proliferation of endothelial cells: implications for tissue engineering. Biomacromolecules 2007, 8:3697-3704.
28. Bodin A., Bharadwaj S., Wu S., Gatenholm P., Atala A., Zhang Y. Tissue-engineered conduit using urine-derived stem cells seeded bacterial cellulose polymer in urinary reconstruction and diversion. Biomaterials 2010, 31:8889-8901.
29. Bodin A., Bäckdahl H., Petersen N., Gatenholm P. Bacterial cellulose as biomaterial. Comprehensive Biomaterials 2011, 405-410. Elsevier, Oxford. P. Ducheyne (Ed.).
30. Bottan S., Robotti F., Jayathissa P., Hegglin A., Bahamonde N., Heredia-Guerrero J.A., et al. Surface-structured bacterial cellulose with guided assembly-based biolithography (GAB). ACS Nano 2015, 9:206-219.
31. Braunwarth H., Brill F.H.H. Antimicrobial efficacy of modern wound dressings: oligodynamic bactericidal versus hydrophobic adsorption effect. Wound Med. 2014, 5:16-20.
32. Brown E.E., Laborie M.-P.G. Bioengineering bacterial cellulose/poly(ethylene oxide) nanocomposites. Biomacromolecules 2007, 8:3074-3081.
33. Brumer H., Zhou Q., Baumann M.J., Carlsson K., Teeri T.T. Activation of crystalline cellulose surfaces through the chemoenzymatic modification of xyloglucan. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126:5715-5721.
34. Butcher M. Catch or Kill?. How DACC Technology Redefines Antimicrobial Management 2011, MA Healthcare.
35. Butcher M. DACC Antimicrobial Technology: A New Paradigm in Bioburden Management 2011, MA Healthcare.
36. Butcher M. PHMB: an effective antimicrobial in wound bioburden management. Br. J. Nurs. 2012, 21(S16):S8-S21.
37. Butchosa N., Brown C., Larsson P.T., Berglund L.A., Bulone V., Zhou Q. Nanocomposites of bacterial cellulose nanofibers and chitin nanocrystals: fabrication, characterization and bactericidal activity. Green Chem. 2013, 15:3404.
38. Buxboim A., Discher D.E. Mechanical interactions between cells and tissues. Polymer Science: A Comprehensive Reference 2012, 201-209. Elsevier, Amsterdam. K. Matyjaszewski, M. Möller (Eds.).
39. Cademartiri R., Anany H., Gross I., Bhayani R., Griffiths M., Brook M.A. Immobilization of bacteriophages on modified silica particles. Biomaterials 2010, 31:1904-1910.
40. Cai Z., Kim J. Bacterial cellulose/poly(ethylene glycol) composite: characterization and first evaluation of biocompatibility. Cellulose 2009, 17:83-91.
41. Calum H., Moser C., Jensen P.O., Christophersen L., Maling D.S., van Gennip M., et al. Thermal injury induces impaired function in polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes and reduced control of burn wound infection. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2009, 156:102-110.
42. Chawla P.R., Bajaj I.B., Survase S.A., Singhal R.S. Microbial cellulose: fermentative production and applications. Food Technol. Biotechnol. 2009, 47:107-124.
43. Chen S., Huang Y. Bacterial cellulose nanofibers decorated with phthalocyanine: preparation, characterization and dye removal performance. Mater. Lett. 2015, 142:235-237.
44. Chen S., Zou Y., Yan Z., Shen W., Shi S., Zhang X., et al. Carboxymethylated-bacterial cellulose for copper and lead ion removal. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009, 161:1355-1359.
45. Chen C.-T., Huang Y., Zhu C.-L., Nie Y., Yang J.-Z., Sun D.-P. Synthesis and characterization of hydroxypropyl cellulose from bacterial cellulose. Chin. J. Polym. Sci. 2014, 32:439-448.
46. Chen H., Liu Y., Jiang Z., Chen W., Yu Y., Hu Q. Cell-scaffold interaction within engineered tissue. Exp. Cell Res. 2014, 323:346-351.
47. Cheng K.-C., Catchmark J.M., Demirci A. Effect of different additives on bacterial cellulose production by Acetobacter xylinum and analysis of material property. Cellulose 2009, 16:1033-1045.
48. Chiaoprakobkij N., Sanchavanakit N., Subbalekha K., Pavasant P., Phisalaphong M. Characterization and biocompatibility of bacterial cellulose/alginate composite sponges with human keratinocytes and gingival fibroblasts. Carbohydr. Polym. 2011, 85:548-553.
49. Chu P.K., Chen J.Y., Wang L.P., Huang N. Plasma-surface modification of biomaterials. Mater. Sci. Eng. R. Rep. 2002, 36:143-206.
50. Ciechańska D. Multifunctional bacterial cellulose/chitosan composite materials for medical applications. Fibres Text. East. Eur. 2004, 12:69-72.
51. 3. RSC Adv. 2014, 4:1630-1639.
52. Culebras M., Grande C.J., Torres F.G., Troncoso O.P., Gomez C.M., Bañó M.C. Optimization of cell growth on bacterial cellulose by adsorption of collagen and poly-L-lysine. Int. J. Polym. Mater. 2015, 64:411-415.
53. Czaja W., Krystynowicz A., Bielecki S., Brown R.M. Microbial cellulose-the natural power to heal wounds. Biomaterials 2006, 27:145-151.
54. Czaja W.K., Young D.J., Kawecki M., Brown R.M. The future prospects of microbial cellulose in biomedical applications. Biomacromolecules 2006, 8:1-12.
55. Czaja W., Krystynowicz A., Kawecki M., Wysota K., Sakiel S., Wróblewski P., et al. Biomedical applications of microbial cellulose in burn wound recovery. Cellulose: Molecular and Structural Biology 2007, 307-321. Springer, Netherlands. R.M. Brown, I. Saxena (Eds.).
56. Davidson J.R. Current concepts in wound management and wound healing products. Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. 2015, 45:537-564.
57. Day R.M. Functional requirements of wound repair biomaterials. Advanced Wound Repair Therapies 2011, 155-173. Woodhead Publishing. D. Farrar (Ed.).
58. de Oliveira C.R. Bacterial cellulose membranes constitute biocompatible biomaterials for mesenchymal and induced pluripotent stem cell culture and tissue engineering. J. Tissue Sci. Eng. 2012, S11:005.
59. de Oliveira R.L., da Silva Barud H., de Assunção R.M.N., da Silva Meireles C., Carvalho G.O., Filho G.R., et al. Synthesis and characterization of microcrystalline cellulose produced from bacterial cellulose. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 2011, 106:703-709.
60. de Olyveira M.G., Manzine Costa M.L., Basmaji P. Physically modified bacterial cellulose as alternative routes for transdermal drug delivery. J. Biomater. Tissue Eng. 2013, 3:227-232.
61. de Santa Maria L.C., Santos A.L.C., Oliveira P.C., Barud H.S., Messaddeq Y., Ribeiro S.J.L. Synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles impregnated into bacterial cellulose. Mater. Lett. 2009, 63:797-799.
62. de Sousa Andrade L.N., Pescatore L.A., Chammas R. Cell-Matrix Interactions. Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences 2015, Elsevier.
63. Dellera E., Bonferoni M.C., Sandri G., Rossi S., Ferrari F., Del Fante C., et al. Development of chitosan oleate ionic micelles loaded with silver sulfadiazine to be associated with platelet lysate for application in wound healing. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 2014, 88:643-650.
64. Dong C., Qian L.-Y., Zhao G.-L., He B.-H., Xiao H.-N. Preparation of antimicrobial cellulose fibers by grafting β-cyclodextrin and inclusion with antibiotics. Mater. Lett. 2014, 124:181-183.
65. dos Santos M.V., Dominguez C.T., Schiavon J.V., Barud H.S., de Melo L.S.A., Ribeiro S.J.L., et al. Random laser action from flexible biocellulose-based device. J. Appl. Phys. 2014, 115:083108.
66. Dufresne A. Nanocellulose: From Nature to High Performance Tailored Materials 2012, Walter De Gruyter, Berlin.
67. Eberlein T., Haemmerle G., Signer M., Gruber-Moesenbacher U., Traber J., Mittlboeck M., et al. Comparison of PHMB-containing dressing and silver dressings in patients with critically colonised or locally infected wounds. J. Wound Care 2012, 21:12-20.
68. Esa F., Tasirin S.M., Rahman N.A. Overview of bacterial cellulose production and application. Agric. Agric. Sci. Procedia 2014, 2:113-119.
69. Esguerra M., Fink H., Laschke M.W., Jeppsson A., Delbro D., Gatenholm P., et al. Intravital fluorescent microscopic evaluation of bacterial cellulose as scaffold for vascular grafts. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 2010, 93A:140-149.
70. Evans B.R., O'Neill H.M., Malyvanh V.P., Lee I., Woodward J. Palladium-bacterial cellulose membranes for fuel cells. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2003, 18:917-923.
71. Farah LFX. Process for the preparation of cellulose film, cellulose film produced thereby, artificial skin graft and its use. United States patent US 4912049; 1990 Mar 27.
72. Favi P.M., Benson R.S., Neilsen N.R., Hammonds R.L., Bates C.C., Stephens C.P., et al. Cell proliferation, viability, and in vitro differentiation of equine mesenchymal stem cells seeded on bacterial cellulose hydrogel scaffolds. Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl. 2013, 33:1935-1944.
73. Fernandes S.C.M., Oliveira L., Freire C.S.R., Silvestre A.J.D., Neto C.P., Gandini A., et al. Novel transparent nanocomposite films based on chitosan and bacterial cellulose. Green Chem. 2009, 11:2023-2029.
74. Fernandes S.C., Sadocco P., Alonso-Varona A., Palomares T., Eceiza A., Silvestre A.J., et al. Bioinspired antimicrobial and biocompatible bacterial cellulose membranes obtained by surface functionalization with aminoalkyl groups. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2013, 5:3290-3297.
75. Figueiredo A.G., Figueiredo A.R., Alonso-Varona A., Fernandes S.C., Palomares T., Rubio-Azpeitia E., et al. Biocompatible bacterial cellulose-poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) nanocomposite films. BioMed. Res. Int. 2013, 2013:698141.
76. Figueiredo A.R.P., Figueiredo A.G.P.R., Silva N.H.C.S., Barros-Timmons A., Almeida A., Silvestre A.J.D., et al. Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose nanocomposites prepared by in situ polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate. Carbohydr. Polym. 2015, 123:443-453.
77. Flemming R.G., Murphy C.J., Abrams G.A., Goodman S.L., Nealey P.F. Effects of synthetic micro- and nano-structured surfaces on cell behavior. Biomaterials 1999, 20:573-588.
78. Fonder M.A., Mamelak A.J., Lazarus G.S., Chanmugam A. Occlusive wound dressings in emergency medicine and acute care. Emerg. Med. Clin. North Am. 2007, 25:235-242.
79. Fonder M.A., Lazarus G.S., Cowan D.A., Aronson-Cook B., Kohli A.R., Mamelak A.J. Treating the chronic wound: a practical approach to the care of nonhealing wounds and wound care dressings. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2008, 58:185-206.
80. Fontana J.D., de Souza A.M., Fontana C.K., Torriani I.L., Moreschi J.C., Gallotti B.J., et al. Acetobacter cellulose pellicle as a temporary skin substitute. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 1990, 24-25:253-264.
81. Förch R., Duque L., Lotz A. 4.18 - antimicrobial bioactive polymer coatings. Comprehensive Materials Processing 2014, 449-461. Elsevier, Oxford. S. Hashmi, G.F. Batalha, C.J.V. Tyne, B. Yilbas (Eds.).
82. Fu L., Zhang Y., Li C., Wu Z., Zhuo Q., Huang X., et al. Skin tissue repair materials from bacterial cellulose by a multilayer fermentation method. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22:12349-12357.
83. Fu L., Zhang J., Yang G. Present status and applications of bacterial cellulose-based materials for skin tissue repair. Carbohydr. Polym. 2013, 92:1432-1442.
84. Fu L., Li Y., Yang G. Preparation and characterization of bacterial cellulose/chitosan in situ composites for skin tissue repair and wound healing. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, POLY-477.
85. Gainza G., Villullas S., Pedraz J.L., Hernandez R.M., Igartua M. Advances in drug delivery systems (DDSs) to release growth factors for wound healing and skin regeneration. Nanomed. Nanotechnol. Biol. Med. 2015, 11:1551-1573.
86. Gao C., Wan Y., Yang C., Dai K., Tang T., Luo H., et al. Preparation and characterization of bacterial cellulose sponge with hierarchical pore structure as tissue engineering scaffold. J. Porous. Mater. 2010, 18:139-145.
87. Gao C., Wan Y., Lei X., Qu J., Yan T., Dai K. Polylysine coated bacterial cellulose nanofibers as novel templates for bone-like apatite deposition. Cellulose 2011, 18:1555-1561.
88. Gea S., Bilotti E., Reynolds C.T., Soykeabkeaw N., Peijs T. Bacterial cellulose-poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocomposites prepared by an in-situ process. Mater. Lett. 2010, 64:901-904.
89. Gelin K., Bodin A., Gatenholm P., Mihranyan A., Edwards K., Strømme M. Characterization of water in bacterial cellulose using dielectric spectroscopy and electron microscopy. Polymer 2007, 48:7623-7631.
90. Geng J., Yang D., Zhu Y., Cao L., Jiang Z., Sun Y. One-pot biosynthesis of polymer-inorganic nanocomposites. J. Nanopart. Res. 2011, 13:2661-2670.
91. George J., Ramana K.V., Bawa A.S., Siddaramaiah Bacterial cellulose nanocrystals exhibiting high thermal stability and their polymer nanocomposites. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2011, 48:50-57.
92. Geyer U., Heinze T., Stein A., Klemm D., Marsch S., Schumann D., et al. Formation, derivatization and applications of bacterial cellulose. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 1994, 16:343-347.
93. Gilbert P., Moore L.E. Cationic antiseptics: diversity of action under a common epithet. J. Appl. Microbiol. 2005, 99:703-715.
94. Gonçalves S., Padrão J., Rodrigues I.P., Silva J.P., Sencadas V., Lanceros-Mendez S., et al. Bacterial cellulose as a support for the growth of retinal pigment epithelium. Biomacromolecules 2015, 16:1341-1351.
95. Grande C.J., Torres F.G., Gomez C.M., Bano M.C. Nanocomposites of bacterial cellulose/hydroxyapatite for biomedical applications. Acta Biomater. 2009, 5:1605-1615.
96. Grande C.J., Torres F.G., Gomez C.M., Troncoso O.P., Canet-Ferrer J., Martínez-Pastor J. Development of self-assembled bacterial cellulose-starch nanocomposites. Mater. Sci. Eng. C 2009, 29:1098-1104.
97. Gref R., Domb A., Quellec P., Blunk T., Müller R.H., Verbavatz J.M., et al. The controlled intravenous delivery of drugs using PEG-coated sterically stabilized nanospheres. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 2012, 64:316-326.
98. Guo J., Catchmark J.M. Surface area and porosity of acid hydrolyzed cellulose nanowhiskers and cellulose produced by Gluconacetobacter xylinus. Carbohydr. Polym. 2012, 87:1026-1037.
99. Guo L., Yuan W., Lu Z., Li C.M. Polymer/nanosilver composite coatings for antibacterial applications. Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 2013, 439:69-83.
100. Ha J.H., Shah N., Ul-Islam M., Khan T., Park J.K. Bacterial cellulose production from a single sugar α-linked glucuronic acid-based oligosaccharide. Process Biochem. 2011, 46:1717-1723.
101. Haimer E., Wendland M., Schlufter K., Frankenfeld K., Miethe P., Potthast A., et al. Loading of bacterial bellulose aerogels with bioactive compounds by antisolvent precipitation with supercritical carbon dioxide. Macromol. Symp. 2010, 294:64-74.
102. Hedlund C.S. Surgery of the integumentary systems. Small Animal Surgery 2007, 702-720. Mosby Elsevier, St. Louis, MO. 3 ed. T.W. Fossum (Ed.).
103. Heinemann S. Chapter 1 - polymer-based matrix composites. Handbook of Nanoceramic and Nanocomposite Coatings and Materials 2015, 3-27. Butterworth-Heinemann. A.S.H. Makhlouf, D. Scharnweber (Eds.).
104. Heinze T., Liebert T. Celluloses and polyoses/hemicelluloses. Polymer Science: A Comprehensive Reference 2012, 83-152. Elsevier, Amsterdam. K. Matyjaszewski, M. Möller (Eds.).
105. Helenius G., Backdahl H., Bodin A., Nannmark U., Gatenholm P., Risberg B. In vivo biocompatibility of bacterial cellulose. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 2006, 76:431-438.
106. Henke M., Tessmar J., Göpferich A. Biomimetic polymers (for biomedical applications). Polymer Science: A Comprehensive Reference 2012, 339-361. Elsevier, Amsterdam. K. Matyjaszewski, M. Möller (Eds.).
107. Hersel U., Dahmen C., Kessler H. RGD modified polymers: biomaterials for stimulated cell adhesion and beyond. Biomaterials 2003, 24:4385-4415.
108. Hettegger H., Sumerskii I., Sortino S., Potthast A., Rosenau T. Silane meets click chemistry: towards the functionalization of wet bacterial cellulose sheets. ChemSusChem 2015, 8:680-687.
109. Hilpert K., Hancock R.E.W. Use of luminescent bacteria for rapid screening and characterization of short cationic antimicrobial peptides synthesized on cellulose using peptide array technology. Nat Protoc. 2007, 2:1652-1660.
110. Hilpert K., Elliott M., Jenssen H., Kindrachuk J., Fjell C.D., Körner J., et al. Screening and characterization of surface-tethered cationic peptides for antimicrobial activity. Chem. Biol. 2009, 16:58-69.
111. Hjertén S., Wadström T. What types of bonds are responsible for the adhesion of bacteria and viruses to native and artificial surfaces?. Pathogenesis of Wound and Biomaterial-Associated Infections 1990, 245-253. Springer, London. T. Wadström, I. Eliasson, I. Holder, Å. Ljungh (Eds.).
112. Hong S.-I., Rhim J.-W. Antimicrobial activity of organically modified nano-clays. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 2008, 8:5818-5824.
113. Hoon R, Mormino R, Serafica G. Microbial-derived cellulose amorphous hydrogel wound dressing. Patent EP 1438975 B1; 2005 Nov 16.
114. Hou A., Zhou M., Wang X. Preparation and characterization of durable antibacterial cellulose biomaterials modified with triazine derivatives. Carbohydr. Polym. 2009, 75:328-332.
115. Hu W., Chen S., Yang J., Li Z., Wang H. Functionalized bacterial cellulose derivatives and nanocomposites. Carbohydr. Polym. 2014, 101:1043-1060.
116. Huang H.-C., Chen L.-C., Lin S.-B., Chen H.-H. Nano-biomaterials application: in situ modification of bacterial cellulose structure by adding HPMC during fermentation. Carbohydr. Polym. 2011, 83:979-987.
117. Ifuku S., Tsuji M., Morimoto M., Saimoto H., Yano H. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles templated by TEMPO-mediated oxidized bacterial cellulose nanofibers. Biomacromolecules 2009, 10:2714-2717.
118. Ito Y. Growth factors and protein-modified surfaces and interfaces. Comprehensive Biomaterials 2011, 247-279. Elsevier, Oxford. P. Ducheyne (Ed.).
119. Jampala S.N., Sarmadi M., Somers E.B., Wong A.C.L., Denes F.S. Plasma-enhanced synthesis of bactericidal quaternary ammonium thin layers on stainless steel and cellulose surfaces. Langmuir 2008, 24:8583-8591.
120. Jeon J.-H., Oh I.-K., Kee C.-D., Kim S.-J. Bacterial cellulose actuator with electrically driven bending deformation in hydrated condition. Sensors Actuators B Chem. 2010, 146:307-313.
121. Jeong S.I., Lee S.E., Yang H., Jin Y.-H., Park C.-S., Park Y.S. Toxicologic evaluation of bacterial synthesized cellulose in endothelial cells and animals. Mol. Cell. Toxicol. 2010, 6:370-377.
122. Jiang T., James R., Kumbar S.G., Laurencin C.T. Chitosan as a biomaterial: structure, properties, and applications in tissue engineering and drug delivery. Natural and Synthetic Biomedical Polymers 2014, 91-113. Elsevier, Oxford. S. Kumbar, C. Laurencin, M. Deng (Eds.).
123. Jing W., Chunxi Y., Yizao W., Honglin L., Fang H., Kerong D., et al. Laser patterning of bacterial cellulose hydrogel and its modification with gelatin and hydroxyapatite for bone tissue engineering. Soft Mater. 2011, 11:173-180.
124. Jipa I.M., Stroescu M., Stoica-Guzun A., Dobre T., Jinga S., Zaharescu T. Effect of gamma irradiation on biopolymer composite films of poly(vinyl alcohol) and bacterial cellulose. Nucl. Instrum. Methods B 2012, 278:82-87.
125. Kane R.S., Takayama S., Ostuni E., Ingber D.E., Whitesides G.M. Patterning proteins and cells using soft lithography. Biomaterials 1999, 20:2363-2376.
126. Kanjanamosit N., Muangnapoh C., Phisalaphong M. Biosynthesis and characterization of bacteria cellulose-alginate film. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2010, 115:1581-1588.
127. Katepetch C., Rujiravanit R., Tamura H. Formation of nanocrystalline ZnO particles into bacterial cellulose pellicle by ultrasonic-assisted in situ synthesis. Cellulose 2013, 20:1275-1292.
128. Keenan T.R. Gelatin. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology 2000, 311-324. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, New York. 6th ed.
129. Keshk S.M.A.S. Homogenous reactions of cellulose from different natural sources. Carbohydr. Polym. 2008, 74:942-945.
130. Keshk S.M. Vitamin C, enhances bacterial cellulose production in Gluconacetobacter xylinus. Carbohydr. Polym. 2014, 99:98-100.
131. Keshk S.M.A.S. Bacterial cellulose production and its industrial applications. J. Bioprocess Biotech. 2014, 4:150.
132. Khan S., Ul-Islam M., Khattak W.A., Ullah M.W., Park J.K. Bacterial cellulose-titanium dioxide nanocomposites: nanostructural characteristics, antibacterial mechanism, and biocompatibility. Cellulose 2015, 22:565-579.
133. Khayrullin A.R., Severin A.V., Khripunov A.K., Tkachenko A.A., Pautov V.D. Composites based on Gluconacetobacter xylinus bacterial cellulose and calcium phosphates and their dielectric properties. Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 2013, 86:1298-1304.
134. Kim J., Seo Y.B. Electro-active paper actuators. Smart Mater. Struct. 2002, 11:355-360.
135. Kim J., Cai Z., Chen Y. Biocompatible bacterial cellulose composites for biomedical application. J. Nanotechnol. Eng. Med. 2010, 1:011006.
136. Kim J., Cai Z., Lee H.S., Choi G.S., Lee D.H., Jo C. Preparation and characterization of a bacterial cellulose/chitosan composite for potential biomedical application. J. Polym. Res. 2010, 18:739-744.
137. Kim S.-S., Jeon J.-H., Kee C.-D., Oh I.-K. Electro-active hybrid actuators based on freeze-dried bacterial cellulose and PEDOT:PSS. Smart Mater. Struct. 2013, 22:085026.
138. Kingkaew J., Kirdponpattara S., Sanchavanakit N., Pavasant P., Phisalaphong M. Effect of molecular weight of chitosan on antimicrobial properties and tissue compatibility of chitosan-impregnated bacterial cellulose films. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 2014, 19:534-544.
139. Kirdponpattara S., Phisalaphong M. Bacterial cellulose-alginate composite sponge as a yeast cell carrier for ethanol production. Biochem. Eng. J. 2013, 77:103-109.
140. Klemm D., Schumann D., Udhardt U., Marsch S. Bacterial synthesized cellulose - artificial blood vessels for microsurgery. Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26:1561-1603.
141. Klemm D., Kramer F., Moritz S., Lindström T., Ankerfors M., Gray D., et al. Nanocelluloses: a new family of nature-based materials. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2011, 50:5438-5466.
142. Koh L.-D., Cheng Y., Teng C.-P., Khin Y.-W., Loh X.-J., Tee S.-Y., et al. Structures, mechanical properties and applications of silk fibroin materials. Prog. Polym. Sci. 2015, 46:86-110.
143. Kolate A., Baradia D., Patil S., Vhora I., Kore G., Misra A. PEG - a versatile conjugating ligand for drugs and drug delivery systems. J. Control. Release 2014, 192C:67-81.
144. Kose R., Sunagawa N., Yoshida M., Tajima K. One-step production of nanofibrillated bacterial cellulose (NFBC) from waste glycerol using Gluconacetobacter intermedius NEDO-01. Cellulose 2013, 20:2971-2979.
145. Krystynowicz A., Czaja W., Wiktorowska-Jezierska A., Goncalves-Miskiewicz M., Turkiewicz M., Bielecki S. Factors affecting the yield and properties of bacterial cellulose. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2002, 29:189-195.
146. Kukharenko O., Bardeau J.-F., Zaets I., Ovcharenko L., Tarasyuk O., Porhyn S., et al. Promising low cost antimicrobial composite material based on bacterial cellulose and polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride. Eur. Polym. J. 2014, 60:247-254.
147. Kurniawan H., Lai J.-T., Wang M.-J. Biofunctionalized bacterial cellulose membranes by cold plasmas. Cellulose 2012, 19:1975-1988.
148. Kwak M.H., Kim J.E., Go J., Koh E.K., Song S.H., Son H.J., et al. Bacterial cellulose membrane produced by Acetobacter sp. A10 for burn wound dressing applications. Carbohydr. Polym. 2015, 122:387-398.
149. Lacin N.T. Development of biodegradable antibacterial cellulose based hydrogel membranes for wound healing. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2014, 67:22-27.
150. Lagana G., Anderson E.H. Moisture dressings: the new standard in wound care. J. Nurs. Pract. 2010, 6:366-370.
151. Lai C., Sheng L., Liao S., Xi T., Zhang Z. Surface characterization of TEMPO-oxidized bacterial cellulose. Surf. Interface Anal. 2013, 45:1673-1679.
152. Lai C., Zhang S., Chen X., Sheng L. Nanocomposite films based on TEMPO-mediated oxidized bacterial cellulose and chitosan. Cellulose 2014, 21:2757-2772.
153. Lee J.C., Kandula S., Sherber N.S. Beyond wet-to-dry: a rational approach to treating chronic wounds. Eplasty 2009, 9:e14.
154. Legnani C., Vilani C., Calil V.L., Barud H.S., Quirino W.G., Achete C.A., et al. Bacterial cellulose membrane as flexible substrate for organic light emitting devices. Thin Solid Films 2008, 517:1016-1020.
155. Li Y., Wang S., Huang R., Huang Z., Hu B., Zheng W., et al. Evaluation of the effect of the structure of bacterial cellulose on full thickness skin wound repair on a microfluidic chip. Biomacromolecules 2015, 16:780-789.
156. Lima GdM, Sierakowski M.R., Faria-Tischer P.C.S., Tischer C.A. Characterisation of bacterial cellulose partly acetylated by dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride. Mater. Sci. Eng. C 2011, 31:190-197.
157. Limaye S.Y., Subramanian S., Evans B.R., O'Neill H.M. Photoactivated antimicrobial wound dressing and method relating thereto. United States patent US 20090209897 A1 2009 Aug 20.
158. Lin Y.K., Chen K.H., Ou K.L., Liu M. Effects of different extracellular matrices and growth factor immobilization on biodegradability and biocompatibility of macroporous bacterial cellulose. J. Bioact. Compat. Polym. 2011, 26:508-518.
159. Lin W.C., Lien C.C., Yeh H.J., Yu C.M., Hsu S.H. Bacterial cellulose and bacterial cellulose-chitosan membranes for wound dressing applications. Carbohydr. Polym. 2013, 94:603-611.
160. Lin Y.T., Yu C.J., Zhu L., Yin X.Q., Lao B.S., Lin Q. Synthesis and characterization of alkyl bacterial cellulose through etherification with alkyl bromide in DMAc/LiCl. Appl. Mech. Mater. 2013, 320:478-482.
161. Lin Q., Zheng Y., Wang G., Shi X., Zhang T., Yu J., et al. Protein adsorption behaviors of carboxymethylated bacterial cellulose membranes. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2015, 73:264-269.
162. Lin S.-B., Chen C.-C., Chen L.-C., Chen H.-H. The bioactive composite film prepared from bacterial cellulose and modified by hydrolyzed gelatin peptide. J. Biomater. Appl. 2015, 29:1428-1438.
163. Lipsky B.A., Hoey C. Topical antimicrobial therapy for treating chronic wounds. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2009, 49:1541-1549.
164. Liu C., Yang D., Wang Y., Shi J., Jiang Z. Fabrication of antimicrobial bacterial cellulose-Ag/AgCl nanocomposite using bacteria as versatile biofactory. J. Nanoparticle Res. 2012, 14:1084-1095.
165. Lopes T.D., Riegel-Vidotti I.C., Grein A., Tischer C.A., Faria-Tischer P.C. Bacterial cellulose and hyaluronic acid hybrid membranes: production and characterization. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2014, 67:401-408.
166. Lu H., Jiang X. Structure and properties of bacterial cellulose produced using a trickling bed reactor. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 2014, 172:3844-3861.
167. Lu M., Guan X.-H., Xu X.-H., Wei D.-Z. Characteristic and mechanism of Cr(VI) adsorption by ammonium sulfamate-bacterial cellulose in aqueous solutions. Chin. Chem. Lett. 2013, 24:253-256.
168. Luan J., Wu J., Zheng Y., Song W., Wang G., Guo J., et al. Impregnation of silver sulfadiazine into bacterial cellulose for antimicrobial and biocompatible wound dressing. Biomed. Mater. 2012, 7:065006.
169. Luo H., Xiong G., Yang Z., Raman S.R., Si H., Wan Y. A novel three-dimensional graphene/bacterial cellulose nanocomposite prepared by in situ biosynthesis. RSC Adv. 2014, 4:14369.
170. Luo H., Zhang J., Xiong G., Wan Y. Evolution of morphology of bacterial cellulose scaffolds during early culture. Carbohydr. Polym. 2014, 111:722-728.
171. Ma T., Zhao Q., Ji K., Zeng B., Li G. Homogeneous and porous modified bacterial cellulose achieved by in situ modification with low amounts of carboxymethyl cellulose. Cellulose 2014, 21:2637-2646.
172. Maneerung T., Tokura S., Rujiravanit R. Impregnation of silver nanoparticles into bacterial cellulose for antimicrobial wound dressing. Carbohydr. Polym. 2008, 72:43-51.
173. Marins J.A., Soares B.G., Barud H.S., Ribeiro S.J. Flexible magnetic membranes based on bacterial cellulose and its evaluation as electromagnetic interference shielding material. Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl. 2013, 33:3994-4001.
174. Martínez Ávila H., Schwarz S., Feldmann E.-M., Mantas A., von Bomhard A., Gatenholm P., et al. Biocompatibility evaluation of densified bacterial nanocellulose hydrogel as an implant material for auricular cartilage regeneration. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2014, 98:7423-7435.
175. McKenna B.A., Kopittke P.M., Wehr J.B., Blamey F.P., Menzies N.W. Metal ion effects on hydraulic conductivity of bacterial cellulose-pectin composites used as plant cell wall analogs. Physiol. Plant. 2010, 138:205-214.
176. Meftahi A., Khajavi R., Rashidi A., Sattari M., Yazdanshenas M.E., Torabi M. The effects of cotton gauze coating with microbial cellulose. Cellulose 2009, 17:199-204.
177. Mendes P.N., Rahal S.C., Pereira-Junior O.C., Fabris V.E., Lenharo S.L., de Lima-Neto J.F., et al. In vivo and in vitro evaluation of an Acetobacter xylinum synthesized microbial cellulose membrane intended for guided tissue repair. Acta Vet. Scand. 2009, 51:12.
178. Millon L.E., Guhados G., Wan W. Anisotropic polyvinyl alcohol-bacterial cellulose nanocomposite for biomedical applications. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B Appl. Biomater. 2008, 86:444-452.
179. Moghimi S.M., Farhangrazi Z.S. Chapter 6 - nanoparticles in medicine: nanoparticle engineering for macrophage targeting and nanoparticles that avoid macrophage recognition. Nanoparticles and the Immune System 2014, 77-89. Academic Press, San Diego. D. Boraschi, A. Duschl (Eds.).
180. Mogosanu G.D., Grumezescu A.M. Natural and synthetic polymers for wounds and burns dressing. Int. J. Pharm. 2014, 463:127-136.
181. Mohamad N., Mohd Amin M.C.I., Pandey M., Ahmad N., Rajab N.F. Bacterial cellulose/acrylic acid hydrogel synthesized via electron beam irradiation: accelerated burn wound healing in an animal model. Carbohydr. Polym. 2014, 114:312-320.
182. Mohite B.V., Patil S.V. Physical, structural, mechanical and thermal characterization of bacterial cellulose by G. hansenii NCIM 2529. Carbohydr. Polym. 2014, 106:132-141.
183. Moreira S., Silva N.B., Almeida-Lima J., Rocha H.A., Medeiros S.R., Alves C., et al. BC nanofibres: in vitro study of genotoxicity and cell proliferation. Toxicol. Lett. 2009, 189:235-241.
184. Morgado P.I., Aguiar-Ricardo A., Correia I.J. Asymmetric membranes as ideal wound dressings: an overview on production methods, structure, properties and performance relationship. J. Membr. Sci. 2015, 490:139-151.
185. Moritz S., Wiegand C., Wesarg F., Hessler N., Muller F.A., Kralisch D., et al. Active wound dressings based on bacterial nanocellulose as drug delivery system for octenidine. Int. J. Pharm. 2014, 471:45-55.
186. Muangman P., Opasanon S., Suwanchot S., Thangthed O. Efficiency of microbial cellulose dressing in partial-thickness burn wounds. J. Am. Coll. Certif. Wound Spec. 2011, 3:16-19.
187. Nge T.T., Sugiyama J., Bulone V. Bacterial cellulose-based biomimetic composites. Biopolymers 2010, 345-368. INTECH Open Access Publisher. M. Elnashar (Ed.).
188. Niide T., Shiraki H., Oshima T., Baba Y., Kamiya N., Goto M. Quaternary ammonium bacterial cellulose for adsorption of proteins. Solvent Extr. Res. Dev. Jpn. 2010, 17:73-81.
189. Nikaido H. Prevention of drug access to bacterial targets: permeability barriers and active efflux. Science 1994, 264:382-388.
190. Nwe N., Furuike T., Tamura H. Selection of a biopolymer based on attachment, morphology and proliferation of fibroblast NIH/3T3 cells for the development of a biodegradable tissue regeneration template: alginate, bacterial cellulose and gelatin. Process Biochem. 2010, 45:457-466.
191. Oliveira Barud H.G., Barud HdS, Cavicchioli M., do Amaral T.S., Junior OBdO, Santos D.M., et al. Preparation and characterization of a bacterial cellulose/silk fibroin sponge scaffold for tissue regeneration. Carbohydr. Polym. 2015, 128:41-51.
192. O-Rak K., Ummartyotin S., Sain M., Manuspiya H. Covalently grafted carbon nanotube on bacterial cellulose composite for flexible touch screen application. Mater. Lett. 2013, 107:247-250.
193. Oshima T., Taguchi S., Fujiwara H., Ohe K., Baba Y. Adsorption behaviors of bioactive amines and proteins on phosphorylated bacterial cellulose. J. Ion Exch. 2007, 18:204-207.
194. Oshima T., Kondo K., Ohto K., Inoue K., Baba Y. Preparation of phosphorylated bacterial cellulose as an adsorbent for metal ions. React. Funct. Polym. 2008, 68:376-383.
195. Oshima T., Taguchi S., Ohe K., Baba Y. Phosphorylated bacterial cellulose for adsorption of proteins. Carbohydr. Polym. 2011, 83:953-958.
196. Ougiya H., Hioki N., Watanabe K., Morinaga Y., Yoshinaga F., Samejima M. Relationship between the physical properties and surface area of cellulose derived from adsorbates of various molecular sizes. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 1998, 62:1880-1884.
197. Ovington L.G. Advances in wound dressings. Clin. Dermatol. 2007, 25:33-38.
198. Park M., Chang H., Jeong D.H., Hyun J. Spatial deformation of nanocellulose hydrogel enhances SERS. Biochip J. 2013, 7:234-241.
199. Park Y.B., Lee C.M., Kafle K., Park S., Cosgrove D.J., Kim S.H. Effects of plant cell wall matrix polysaccharides on bacterial cellulose structure studied with vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Biomacromolecules 2014, 15:2718-2724.
200. Park M., Lee D., Hyun J. Nanocellulose-alginate hydrogel for cell encapsulation. Carbohydr. Polym. 2015, 116:223-228.
201. Park S., Park J., Jo I., Cho S.-P., Sung D., Ryu S., et al. In situ hybridization of carbon nanotubes with bacterial cellulose for three-dimensional hybrid bioscaffolds. Biomaterials 2015, 58:93-102.
202. Pérez S., Samain D. Structure and engineering of celluloses. Adv. Carbohydr. Chem. Biochem. 2010, 64:25-116.
203. Pertile R.A.N., Andrade F.K., Alves C., Gama M. Surface modification of bacterial cellulose by nitrogen-containing plasma for improved interaction with cells. Carbohydr. Polym. 2010, 82:692-698.
204. Pertile R.A., Moreira S., Costa R.M., Correia A., Guardao L., Gartner F., et al. Bacterial cellulose: long-term biocompatibility studies. J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. 2011, 23:1339-1354.
205. Pertile R., Moreira S., Andrade F., Domingues L., Gama M. Bacterial cellulose modified using recombinant proteins to improve neuronal and mesenchymal cell adhesion. Biotechnol. Prog. 2012, 28:526-532.
206. Phisalaphong M., Jatupaiboon N. Biosynthesis and characterization of bacteria cellulose-chitosan film. Carbohydr. Polym. 2008, 74:482-488.
207. Phisalaphong M., Suwanmajo T., Tammarate P. Synthesis and characterization of bacterial cellulose/alginate blend membranes. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2008, 107:3419-3424.
208. Piatkowski A., Drummer N., Andriessen A., Ulrich D., Pallua N. Randomized controlled single center study comparing a polyhexanide containing bio-cellulose dressing with silver sulfadiazine cream in partial-thickness dermal burns. Burns 2011, 37:800-804.
209. Pierschbacher M.D., Ruoslahti E. Cell attachment activity of fibronectin can be duplicated by small synthetic fragments of the molecule. Nature 1984, 309:30-33.
210. Pinto R.J.B., Marques P.A.A.P., Neto C.P., Trindade T., Daina S., Sadocco P. Antibacterial activity of nanocomposites of silver and bacterial or vegetable cellulosic fibers. Acta Biomater. 2009, 5:2279-2289.
211. Pinto R.J.B., Neves M.C., Neto C.P., Trindade T. Growth and chemical stability of copper nanostructures on cellulosic fibers. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2012, 31:5043-5049.
212. Pirich C., de Freitas R., Woehl M., Picheth G., Petri D.S., Sierakowski M. Bacterial cellulose nanocrystals: impact of the sulfate content on the interaction with xyloglucan. Cellulose 2015, 22:1773-1787.
213. Pitzer G.B., Patel K.G. Proper care of early wounds to optimize healing and prevent complications. Facial Plast. Surg. Clin. North Am. 2011, 19:491-504.
214. Pourali P., Yahyaei B., Ajoudanifar H., Taheri R., Alavi H., Hoseini A. Impregnation of the bacterial cellulose membrane with biologically produced silver nanoparticles. Curr. Microbiol. 2014, 69:785-793.
215. Putra A., Kakugo A., Furukawa H., Gong J.P., Osada Y., Uemura T., et al. Production of bacterial cellulose with well oriented fibril on PDMS substrate. Polym. J. (Tokyo Jpn.) 2007, 40:137-142.
216. Putra A., Kakugo A., Furukawa H., Gong J.P., Osada Y. Tubular bacterial cellulose gel with oriented fibrils on the curved surface. Polymer 2008, 49:1885-1891.
217. Quinn K.J., Courtney J.M., Evans J.H., Gaylor J.D.S., Reid W.H. Principles of burn dressings. Biomaterials 1985, 6:369-377.
218. Rai M., Yadav A., Gade A. Silver nanoparticles as a new generation of antimicrobials. Biotechnol. Adv. 2009, 27:76-83.
219. Ramani D., Sastry T. Bacterial cellulose-reinforced hydroxyapatite functionalized graphene oxide: a potential osteoinductive composite. Cellulose 2014, 21:3585-3595.
220. Ring D.F., Nashed W., Dow T. Liquid loaded pad for medical applications. United States patent US 4588400 A 1986 May 13.
221. Ring D.F., Nashed W., Dow T. Pressing, releasing polysaccharide pellicles to rearrange into lamellas. United States patent US4655758 A 1987 Apr 7.
222. Roach P., Eglin D., Rohde K., Perry C.C. Modern biomaterials: a review - bulk properties and implications of surface modifications. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 2007, 18:1263-1277.
223. Romano N.H., Sengupta D., Chung C., Heilshorn S.C. Protein-engineered biomaterials: nanoscale mimics of the extracellular matrix. BBA Gen. Subj. 2011, 1810:339-349.
224. Rosenau T., Renfrew A.H.M., Adelwöhrer C., Potthast A., Kosma P. Cellulosics modified with slow-release reagents. Part I. Synthesis of triazine-anchored reagents for slow release of active substances from cellulosic materials. Polymer 2005, 46:1453-1458.
225. Rosenau T., Potthast A., Krainz K., Hettegger H., Henniges U., Yoneda Y., et al. Chromophores in cellulosics, XI: isolation and identification of residual chromophores from bacterial cellulose. Cellulose 2014, 21:2271-2283.
226. Ross P., Mayer R., Benziman M. Cellulose biosynthesis and function in bacteria. Microbiol. Rev. 1991, 55:35-58.
227. Rouabhia M., Asselin J., Tazi N., Messaddeq Y., Levinson D., Zhang Z. Production of biocompatible and antimicrobial bacterial cellulose polymers functionalized by RGDC grafting groups and gentamicin. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2014, 6:1439-1446.
228. Roy D., Knapp J.S., Guthrie J.T., Perrier S. Antibacterial cellulose fiber via RAFT surface graft polymerization. Biomacromolecules 2007, 9:91-99.
229. Ruka D.R., Simon G.P., Dean K.M. In situ modifications to bacterial cellulose with the water insoluble polymer poly-3-hydroxybutyrate. Carbohydr. Polym. 2013, 92:1717-1723.
230. Sacui I.A., Nieuwendaal R.C., Burnett D.J., Stranick S.J., Jorfi M., Weder C., et al. Comparison of the properties of cellulose nanocrystals and cellulose nanofibrils isolated from bacteria, tunicate, and wood processed using acid, enzymatic, mechanical, and oxidative methods. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2014, 6:6127-6138.
231. Saibuatong O.-a., Phisalaphong M. Novo aloe vera-bacterial cellulose composite film from biosynthesis. Carbohydr. Polym. 2010, 79:455-460.
232. Sano M.B., Rojas A.D., Gatenholm P., Davalos R.V. Electromagnetically controlled biological assembly of aligned bacterial cellulose nanofibers. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 2010, 38:2475-2484.
233. Santos S.M., Carbajo J.M., Quintana E., Ibarra D., Gomez N., Ladero M., et al. Characterization of purified bacterial cellulose focused on its use on paper restoration. Carbohydr. Polym. 2015, 116:173-181.
234. Saska S., Teixeira L.N., Tambasco de Oliveira P., Minarelli Gaspar A.M., Lima Ribeiro S.J., Messaddeq Y., et al. Bacterial cellulose-collagen nanocomposite for bone tissue engineering. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22:22102.
235. Scherner M., Reutter S., Klemm D., Sterner-Kock A., Guschlbauer M., Richter T., et al. In vivo application of tissue-engineered blood vessels of bacterial cellulose as small arterial substitutes: proof of concept?. J. Surg. Res. 2014, 189:340-347.
236. Schmitz M., Eberlein T., Andriessen A. Wound treatment costs comparing a bio-cellulose dressing with moist wound healing dressings and conventional dressings. Wound Med. 2014, 6:11-14.
237. Schumann D.A., Wippermann J., Klemm D.O., Kramer F., Koth D., Kosmehl H., et al. Artificial vascular implants from bacterial cellulose: preliminary results of small arterial substitutes. Cellulose 2008, 16:877-885.
238. Schütz P, Schultz B. Antimicrobially active wound dressing for catheter fixings. United States patent US 20140194824 A1; 2014 Jul 10.
239. Seifert M., Hesse S., Kabrelian V., Klemm D. Controlling the water content of never dried and reswollen bacterial cellulose by the addition of water-soluble polymers to the culture medium. J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem. 2004, 42:463-470.
240. Serafica G, Mormino R, Oster GA, Lentz KE, Koehler KP. Microbial cellulose wound dressing for treating chronic wounds. United States patent US 7704523 B2; 2010 Apr 27.
241. Shah N., Ul-Islam M., Khattak W.A., Park J.K. Overview of bacterial cellulose composites: a multipurpose advanced material. Carbohydr. Polym. 2013, 98:1585-1598.
242. Shao W., Liu H., Liu X., Sun H., Wang S., Zhang R. pH-responsive release behavior and anti-bacterial activity of bacterial cellulose-silver nanocomposites. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2015, 76:209-217.
243. Shao W., Liu H., Liu X., Wang S., Zhang R. Anti-bacterial performances and biocompatibility of bacterial cellulose/graphene oxide composites. RSC Adv. 2015, 5:4795-4803.
244. Shekaran A., Garcia A.J. Nanoscale engineering of extracellular matrix-mimetic bioadhesive surfaces and implants for tissue engineering. BBA Gen. Subj. 2011, 1810:350-360.
245. Shezad O., Khan S., Khan T., Park J.K. Physicochemical and mechanical characterization of bacterial cellulose produced with an excellent productivity in static conditions using a simple fed-batch cultivation strategy. Carbohydr. Polym. 2010, 82:173-180.
246. Shi Q.-S., Feng J., Li W.-R., Zhou G., Chen A.-M., Ouyang Y.-S., et al. Effect of different conditions on the average degree of polymerization of bacterial cellulose produced by Gluconacetobacter intermedius BC-41. Cellul. Chem. Technol. 2012, 47:503-508.
247. Shi Q., Li Y., Sun J., Zhang H., Chen L., Chen B., et al. The osteogenesis of bacterial cellulose scaffold loaded with bone morphogenetic protein-2. Biomaterials 2012, 33:6644-6649.
248. Shoda M., Sugano Y. Recent advances in bacterial cellulose production. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 2005, 10:1-8.
249. Siró I., Plackett D. Microfibrillated cellulose and new nanocomposite materials: a review. Cellulose 2010, 17:459-494.
250. Skjåk-Bræk G., Draget K.I. Alginates: properties and applications. Polymer Science: A Comprehensive Reference 2012, 213-220. Elsevier, Amsterdam. K. Matyjaszewski, M. Möller (Eds.).
251. Solway D.R., Consalter M., Levinson D.J. Microbial cellulose wound dressing in the treatment of skin tears in the frail elderly. Wounds 2010, 22:17-19.
252. Solway D.R., Clark W.A., Levinson D.J. A parallel open-label trial to evaluate microbial cellulose wound dressing in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. Int. Wound J. 2011, 8:69-73.
253. Spatz J.P., Geiger B. Molecular engineering of cellular environments: cell adhesion to nano-digital surfaces. Methods in Cell Biology 2007, 89-111. Academic Press. W. Yu-Li, E.D. Dennis (Eds.).
254. Struszczyk H., Wrześniewska-Tosik K., Ciechańska D., Wesołowska E. 3 - effect of the process of biosynthesis on molecular properties of bacterial cellulose. Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives 1995, 15-28. Woodhead Publishing. J.F.K.O.P.A. Williams (Ed.).
255. Sun D., Yang J., Li J., Yu J., Xu X., Yang X. Novel Pd-Cu/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: preparation and excellent performance in catalytic denitrification. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2010, 256:2241-2244.
256. Sureshkumar M., Siswanto D.Y., Lee C.-K. Magnetic antimicrobial nanocomposite based on bacterial cellulose and silver nanoparticles. J. Mater. Chem. 2010, 20:6948-6955.
257. Svensson A., Nicklasson E., Harrah T., Panilaitis B., Kaplan D.L., Brittberg M., et al. Bacterial cellulose as a potential scaffold for tissue engineering of cartilage. Biomaterials 2005, 26:419-431.
258. Tang W., Jia S., Jia Y., Yang H. The influence of fermentation conditions and post-treatment methods on porosity of bacterial cellulose membrane. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2009, 26:125-131.
259. Taokaew S., Phisalaphong M., Zhang Newby B.-m. In vitro behaviors of rat mesenchymal stem cells on bacterial celluloses with different moduli. Mater. Sci. Eng. C 2014, 38:263-271.
260. Taokaew S., Phisalaphong M., Newby B-m. Modification of bacterial cellulose with organosilanes to improve attachment and spreading of human fibroblasts. Cellulose 2015, 1-14.
261. Tejero R., Anitua E., Orive G. Toward the biomimetic implant surface: biopolymers on titanium-based implants for bone regeneration. Prog. Polym. Sci. 2014, 39:1406-1447.
262. Thasneem Y.M., Sharma C.P. Chapter 5.1 - in vitro characterization of cell - biomaterials interactions. Characterization of Biomaterials 2013, 175-205. Academic Press, Oxford. A. Bandyopadhyay, S. Bose (Eds.).
263. Torres F.G., Commeaux S., Troncoso O.P. Biocompatibility of bacterial cellulose based biomaterials. J. Funct. Biomater. 2012, 3:864-878.
264. Ul-Islam M., Khan T., Khattak W.A., Park J.K. Bacterial cellulose-MMTs nanoreinforced composite films: novel wound dressing material with antibacterial properties. Cellulose 2012, 20:589-596.
265. Ul-Islam M., Khan T., Park J.K. Water holding and release properties of bacterial cellulose obtained by in situ and ex situ modification. Carbohydr. Polym. 2012, 88:596-603.
266. Ul-Islam M., Khattak W.A., Ullah M.W., Khan S., Park J.K. Synthesis of regenerated bacterial cellulose-zinc oxide nanocomposite films for biomedical applications. Cellulose 2014, 21:433-447.
267. Ummartyotin S., Juntaro J., Sain M., Manuspiya H. Development of transparent bacterial cellulose nanocomposite film as substrate for flexible organic light emitting diode (OLED) display. Ind. Crop. Prod. 2012, 35:92-97.
268. Uraki Y., Nemoto J., Otsuka H., Tamai Y., Sugiyama J., Kishimoto T., et al. Honeycomb-like architecture produced by living bacteria, Gluconacetobacter xylinus. Carbohydr. Polym. 2007, 69:1-6.
269. van der Mei H.C., Bos R., Busscher H.J. A reference guide to microbial cell surface hydrophobicity based on contact angles. Colloids Surf. B: Biointerfaces 1998, 11:213-221.
270. Van 'T Hof W., Veerman E.C.I., Heimerhorst E.J., Nieuw Amerongen A.V. Antimicrobial peptides: properties and applicability. Biol. Chem. 2001, 382:597-619.
271. Vincent L., Engler A.J. 5.504 - effect of substrate modulus on cell function and differentiation. Comprehensive Biomaterials 2011, 51-63. Elsevier, Oxford. P. Ducheyne (Ed.).
272. 2 nanotubes: an experimental study in the pig. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B Appl. Biomater. 2009, 89B:165-171.
273. Waldeck H.M., Kao W.J. 2.207 - extracellular matrix: inspired biomaterials. Comprehensive Biomaterials 2011, 113-126. Elsevier, Oxford. P. Ducheyne (Ed.).
274. Wan W., Guhados G. Nanosilver coated bacterial cellulose. United States patent US 20090220560 A1 2009 Sep 3.
275. Wan Y.Z., Huang Y., Yuan C.D., Raman S., Zhu Y., Jiang H.J., et al. Biomimetic synthesis of hydroxyapatite/bacterial cellulose nanocomposites for biomedical applications. Mater. Sci. Eng. C 2007, 27:855-864.
276. 2 nanotubes for potential bone tissue engineering. J. Mater. Chem. B 2015, 3:5595-5602.
277. Wang Y., Lu L., Zheng Y., Chen X. Improvement in hydrophilicity of PHBV films by plasma treatment. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 2006, 76:589-595.
278. Wang Z.-L., Jia Y., Yi S., Cong D.-L., Chen Y.-Y., Jia S., et al. Research on characterization and biocompatibility of bacterial cellulose tissue engineering scaffold. Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering, 2009 ICBBE 2009 3rd International Conference on 2009 2009, 1-5.
279. Wang J., Wan Y., Huang Y. Immobilisation of heparin on bacterial cellulose-chitosan nano-fibres surfaces via the cross-linking technique. IET Nanobiotechnol. 2012, 6(2):52-57.
280. Wang J., Wan Y.Z., Luo H.L., Gao C., Huang Y. Immobilization of gelatin on bacterial cellulose nanofibers surface via crosslinking technique. Mater. Sci. Eng. C 2012, 32:536-541.
281. Wang J., Jia H., Zhang J., Ding L., Huang Y., Sun D., et al. Bacterial cellulose whisker as a reinforcing filler for carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber. J. Mater. Sci. 2014, 49:6093-6101.
282. Wang P., Zhao J., Xuan R., Wang Y., Zou C., Zhang Z., et al. Flexible and monolithic zinc oxide bionanocomposite foams by a bacterial cellulose mediated approach for antibacterial applications. Dalton Trans. 2014, 43:6762-6768.
283. Wanichapichart P., Taweepreeda W., Nawae S., Choomgan P., Yasenchak D. Chain scission and anti fungal effect of electron beam on cellulose membrane. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 2012, 81:949-953.
284. Watson N.F.S., Hodgkin W. Wound dressings. Surgery 2005, 23:52-55.
285. Wei B., Yang G., Hong F. Preparation and evaluation of a kind of bacterial cellulose dry films with antibacterial properties. Carbohydr. Polym. 2011, 84:533-538.
286. Wiegand C., Elsner P., Hipler U.-C., Klemm D. Protease and ROS activities influenced by a composite of bacterial cellulose and collagen type I in vitro. Cellulose 2006, 13:689-696.
287. Williams D.F. The Williams Dictionary of Biomaterials 1999, Liverpool University Press.
288. Wu J., Zheng Y., Wen X., Lin Q., Chen X., Wu Z. Silver nanoparticle/bacterial cellulose gel membranes for antibacterial wound dressing: investigation in vitro and in vivo. Biomed. Mater. 2014, 9:035005.
289. Wu J., Zheng Y., Yang Z., Lin Q., Qiao K., Chen X., et al. Influence of dialdehyde bacterial cellulose with the nonlinear elasticity and topology structure of ECM on cell adhesion and proliferation. RSC Adv. 2014, 4:3998-4009.
290. Xaplanteri M.A., Andreou A., Dinos G.P., Kalpaxis D.L. Effect of polyamines on the inhibition of peptidyltransferase by antibiotics: revisiting the mechanism of chloramphenicol action. Nucleic Acids Res. 2003, 31:5074-5083.
291. Xi T., Chen Y.M., Zheng Y., Guo T., Hou J., Wan Y., et al. In vitro cytotoxicity of bacterial cellulose scaffolds used for tissue-engineered bone. J. Bioact. Compat. Polym. 2009, 24:137-145.
292. Xiong G., Luo H., Zhang J., Jin J., Wan Y. Synthesis of ZnO by chemical bath deposition in the presence of bacterial cellulose. Acta Metall. Sin. (Eng. Lett.) 2014, 27:656-662.
293. Xu J., Zhu L., Bai Z., Liang G., Liu L., Fang D., et al. Conductive polypyrrole-bacterial cellulose nanocomposite membranes as flexible supercapacitor electrode. Org. Electron. 2013, 14:3331-3338.
294. 2 oxidized cellulose fabrics as antibacterial-finished material. Carbohydr. Polym. 2014, 112:186-194.
295. Xu B., Ju Y., Cui Y., Song G. Carbon nanotube array inducing osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Mater. Sci. Eng. C 2015, 51:182-188.
296. 13C NMR spectroscopy. Cellulose 2006, 13:327-342.
297. Yang J., Bei J., Wang S. Enhanced cell affinity of poly (D, L-lactide) by combining plasma treatment with collagen anchorage. Biomaterials 2002, 23:2607-2614.
298. Yang G., Xie J., Hong F., Cao Z., Yang X. Antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticle impregnated bacterial cellulose membrane: effect of fermentation carbon sources of bacterial cellulose. Carbohydr. Polym. 2012, 87:839-845.
299. 4 nanofiber for methanol steam reforming. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 2013, 38:10813-10818.
300. Yang J., Lv X., Chen S., Li Z., Feng C., Wang H., et al. In situ fabrication of a microporous bacterial cellulose/potato starch composite scaffold with enhanced cell compatibility. Cellulose 2014, 21:1823-1835.
301. Yang G., Wang C., Hong F., Yang X., Cao Z. Preparation and characterization of BC/PAM-AgNPs nanocomposites for antibacterial applications. Carbohydr. Polym. 2015, 115:636-642.
302. Yaseen M., Pan F., Zhao X., Lu J.R. Enabling technologies: surface modification to improve biocompatibility. Comprehensive Biotechnology 2011, 65-81. Elsevier. 2nd ed. M. Moo-Young (Ed.).
303. 2+ ion. Polym. Bull. 2010, 67:401-412.
304. Yin N., Chen S., Li Z., Ouyang Y., Hu W., Tang L., et al. Porous bacterial cellulose prepared by a facile surfactant-assisted foaming method in azodicarbonamide-NaOH aqueous solution. Mater. Lett. 2012, 81:131-134.
305. Yin N., Stilwell M.D., Santos T.M.A., Wang H., Weibel D.B. Agarose particle-templated porous bacterial cellulose and its application in cartilage growth in vitro. Acta Biomater. 2015, 12:129-138.
306. Yoshida Y., Heux L., Isogai A. Heterogeneous reaction between cellulose and alkyl ketene dimer under solvent-free conditions. Cellulose 2012, 19:1667-1676.
307. Yu J.W., Liu X.L., Liu C.S., Dong P. Biosynthesis of carboxymethylated bacterial cellulose composite for wound dressing. Mater. Sci. Forum 2011, 685:322-326.
308. Zaborowska M., Bodin A., Backdahl H., Popp J., Goldstein A., Gatenholm P. Microporous bacterial cellulose as a potential scaffold for bone regeneration. Acta Biomater. 2010, 6:2540-2547.
309. Zahedmanesh H., Mackle J.N., Sellborn A., Drotz K., Bodin A., Gatenholm P., et al. Bacterial cellulose as a potential vascular graft: mechanical characterization and constitutive model development. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B Appl. Biomater. 2011, 97:105-113.
310. Zang S., Sun Z., Liu K., Wang G., Zhang R., Liu B., et al. Ordered manufactured bacterial cellulose as biomaterial of tissue engineering. Mater. Lett. 2014, 128:314-318.
311. Zang S., Zhang R., Chen H., Lu Y., Zhou J., Chang X., et al. Investigation on artificial blood vessels prepared from bacterial cellulose. Mater. Sci. Eng. C 2015, 46:111-117.
312. Zasloff M. Antimicrobial peptides of multicellular organisms. Nature 2002, 415:389-395.
313. Zeng X., Liu J., Chen J., Wang Q., Li Z., Wang H. Screening of the common culture conditions affecting crystallinity of bacterial cellulose. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2011, 38:1993-1999.
314. Zeugolis D.I., Raghunath M. 2.215 - collagen: materials analysis and implant uses. Comprehensive Biomaterials 2011, 261-278. Elsevier, Oxford. P. Ducheyne (Ed.).
315. Zhang T., Wang W., Zhang D., Zhang X., Ma Y., Zhou Y., et al. Biotemplated synthesis of gold nanoparticle-bacteria cellulose nanofiber nanocomposites and their application in biosensing. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2010, 20:1152-1160.
316. Zhang J., Chang P., Zhang C., Xiong G., Luo H., Zhu Y., et al. Immobilization of lecithin on bacterial cellulose nanofibers for improved biological functions. React. Funct. Polym. 2015, 91-92:100-107.
317. Zhao J., Hu L., Gong N., Tang Q., Du L., Chen L. The effects of macrophage-stimulating protein on the migration, proliferation, and collagen synthesis of skin fibroblasts in vitro and in vivo. Tissue Eng. A 2015, 21:982-991.
318. Zheng W., Chen S., Zhao S., Zheng Y., Wang H. Zinc sulfide nanoparticles template by bacterial cellulose and their optical properties. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131:40874.
319. Zhijiang C., Guang Y. Bacterial cellulose/collagen composite: characterization and first evaluation of cytocompatibility. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2011, 120:2938-2944.
320. Zhijiang C., Guang Y., Kim J. Biocompatible nanocomposites prepared by impregnating bacterial cellulose nanofibrils into poly(3-hydroxybutyrate). Curr. Appl. Phys. 2011, 11:247-249.
321. Zhijiang C., Chengwei H., Guang Y. Poly(3-hydroxubutyrate-co-4-hydroxubutyrate)/bacterial cellulose composite porous scaffold: preparation, characterization and biocompatibility evaluation. Carbohydr. Polym. 2012, 87:1073-1080.
322. 4/bacterial cellulose nanocomposites as adsorbents for heavy metal ions. Carbohydr. Polym. 2011, 86:1558-1564.
323. Zhu C., Li F., Zhou X., Lin L., Zhang T. Kombucha-synthesized bacterial cellulose: preparation, characterization, and biocompatibility evaluation. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 2014, 102:1548-1557.
324. 3H/DMF complex and structure characterization of the sulfates. Polym. Adv. Technol. 2014, 25:168-172.
325. Zou H., Wu S., Shen J. Polymer/silica nanocomposites: preparation, characterization, properties, and applications. Chem. Rev. 2008, 108:3893-3957.