GRP78/Dna K Is a Target for Nexavar/Stivarga/Votrient in the Treatment of Human Malignancies, Viral Infections and Bacterial Diseases

Journal of Cellular Physiology

Volumn 230, Issue 10, 2015, Pages 2552-2578

  Roberts, Jane L ^a   Tavallai, Mehrad ^a   Nourbakhsh, Aida ^a   Fidanza, Abigail ^b   Cruz Luna, Tanya ^b   Smith, Elizabeth ^b   Siembida, Paul ^b   Plamondon, Pascale ^b   Cycon, Kelly A ^b   Doern, Christopher D ^a   Booth, Laurence ^a   Dent, Paul ^a  

^a VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b ZeptoMetrix Corporation   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BREAST CANCER RESISTANCE PROTEIN; CHAPERONIN 60; COXSACKIE VIRUS AND ADENOVIRUS RECEPTOR; CYCLOPHILIN A; EARLY PREGNANCY FACTOR; GLUCOSE REGULATED PROTEIN 78; HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 40; MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE PROTEIN 1; PAZOPANIB; RECA PROTEIN; REGORAFENIB; SODIUM BILE ACID COTRANSPORTER; SORAFENIB; CARBANILAMIDE DERIVATIVE; HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN; MOLECULAR CHAPERONE GRP78; NICOTINAMIDE; POLYNUCLEOTIDE 5' HYDROXYL KINASE; PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITOR; PYRIDINE DERIVATIVE; PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVE; SULFONAMIDE;

ADENOVIRUS INFECTION; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL INFECTION; CHIKUNGUNYA; DENGUE; EBOLAVIRUS; ENTEROVIRUS 71; ENTEROVIRUS INFECTION; HEPATITIS A VIRUS; HEPATITIS B VIRUS; KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE; MALIGNANT NEOPLASTIC DISEASE; MOUSE; MUMPS; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; RABIES; UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE; VIRUS INFECTION; ANALOGS AND DERIVATIVES; ANIMAL; BACTERIAL INFECTIONS; DRUG EFFECTS; ESCHERICHIA COLI; HUMAN; METABOLISM; NEOPLASM; PATHOLOGY; TUMOR CELL LINE; VIRUS DISEASES;

ADENOVIRIDAE; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); CERCOPITHECINE HERPESVIRUS 1; COXSACKIEVIRUS; EUKARYOTA; HUMAN ENTEROVIRUS 71; KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE; MUS; PROKARYOTA;

ANIMALS; BACTERIAL INFECTIONS; CELL LINE, TUMOR; ESCHERICHIA COLI; HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; HUMANS; NEOPLASMS; NIACINAMIDE; PHENYLUREA COMPOUNDS; POLYNUCLEOTIDE 5'-HYDROXYL-KINASE; PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITORS; PYRIDINES; PYRIMIDINES; SULFONAMIDES; VIRUS DISEASES;

EID: 84932638679     PISSN: 00219541     EISSN: 10974652     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25014     Document Type: Article

References (117)

1. Anderson K, Stott EJ, Wertz GW. 1992. Intracellular processing of the human respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein: amino acid substitutions affecting folding, transport and cleavage. J Gen Virol 73:1177-1188.
2. Bai LY, Weng JR, Tsai CH, Sargeant A, Lin CW, Chiu CF. 2010. OSU-03012 sensitizes TIB-196 myeloma cells to imatinib mesylate via AMP-activated protein kinase and STAT3 pathways. Leuk Res 2010:816-820.
3. Black KL, Yin D, Ong JM, Hu J, Konda BM, Wang X, Ko MK, Bayan JA, Sacapano MR, Espinoza A, Irvin DK, Shu Y. 2008. PDE5 inhibitors enhance tumor permeability and efficacy of chemotherapy in a rat brain tumor model. Brain Res 1230:290-302.
4. Bolt G. 2001. The measles virus (MV) glycoproteins interact with cellular chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum and MV infection upregulates chaperone expression. Arch Virol 146:2055-2068.
5. Booth L, Cazanave SC, Hamed HA, Yacoub A, Ogretmen B, Chen CS, Grant S, Dent P. 2012a. OSU-03012 suppresses GRP78/BiP expression that causes PERK-dependent increases in tumor cell killing. Cancer Biol Ther 13:224-236.
6. Booth L, Cruickshanks N, Ridder T, Chen CS, Grant S, Dent P. 2012b. OSU-03012 interacts with lapatinib to kill brain cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther 13:1501-1511.
7. Booth L, Roberts JL, Cruickshanks N, Grant S, Poklepovic A, Dent P. 2014a. Regulation of OSU-03012 Toxicity by ER Stress Proteins and ER Stress-Inducing Drugs. Mol Cancer Ther 13:2384-2398.
8. Booth L, Roberts JL, Cruickshanks N, Tavallai S, Webb T, Samuel P, Conley A, Binion B, Young HF, Poklepovic A, Spiegel S, Dent P. 2014b. PDE5 inhibitors enhance Celecoxib killing in multiple tumor types. J Cell Physiol DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24843. [Epub ahead of print]
9. Booth L, Roberts JL, Cruickshanks N, Conley A, Durrant DE, Das A, Fisher PB, Kukreja RC, Grant S, Poklepovic A, Dent P. 2014c. Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors enhance chemotherapy killing in gastrointestinal / genitourinary cancer cells. Mol Pharmacol 85:408-419.
10. Booth L, Roberts JL, Conley A, Cruickshanks N, Ridder T, Grant S, Poklepovic A, Dent P. 2014d. HDAC inhibitors enhance the lethality of low dose salinomycin in parental and stem-like GBM cells. Cancer Biol Ther 15:305-316.
11. Booth L, Roberts JL, Cash DR, Tavallai S, Jean S, Fidanza A, Cruz-Luna T, Siembiba P, Cycon KA, Cornelissen CN, Dent P. 2015a. GRP78/BiP/HSPA5/Dna K is a universal therapeutic target for human disease. J Cell Physiol 230:1661-1676. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24919. PMID: 25546329
12. Booth L, Roberts JL, Tavallai M, Nourbakhsh A, Chuckalovcak J, Carter J, Poklepovic A, Dent P. 2015b. OSU-03012 and Viagra Treatment Inhibits the Activity of Multiple Chaperone Proteins and Disrupts the Blood Brain Barrier: Implications for Anti-Cancer Therapies. J Cell Physiol. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24977. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 25736380
13. Bredèche MF, Ehrlich SD, Michel B. 2001. Viability of rep recA mutants depends on their capacity to cope with spontaneous oxidative damage and on the DnaK chaperone protein. J Bacteriol 183:2165-2171.
14. Burugu S, Daher A, Meurs EF, Gatignol A. 2014. HIV-1 translation and its regulation by cellular factors PKR and PACT. Virus Res S0168-S1702.
15. Carleton M, Brown DT. 1997. The formation of intramolecular disulfide bridges is required for induction of the Sindbis virus mutant ts23 phenotype. J Virol 71:7696-7703.
16. Carr BI, D'Alessandro R, Refolo MG, Iacovazzi PA, Lippolis C, Messa C, Cavallini A, Correale M, Di Carlo A. 2013. Effects of low concentrations of regorafenib and sorafenib on human HCC cell AFP, migration, invasion, and growth in vitro. J Cell Physiol 228:1344-1350.
17. Chen WT, Zhu G, Pfaffenbach K, Kanel G, Stiles B, Lee AS. 2014. GRP78 as a regulator of liver steatosis and cancer progression mediated by loss of the tumor suppressor PTEN. Oncogen 33:4997-5005.
18. Chen Y, Brandizzi F. 2013. IRE1: ER stress sensor and cell fate executor. Trends Cell Biol 23:547-555.
19. Chiu HC, Kulp SK, Soni S, Wang D, Gunn JS, Schlesinger LS, Chen CS. 2009b. Eradication of intracellular Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium with a small-molecule, host cell-directed agent. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 53:5236-5244.
20. Chiu HC, Soni S, Kulp SK, Curry H, Wang D, Gunn JS, Schlesinger LS, Chen CS. 2009. Eradication of intracellular Francisella tularensis in THP-1 human macrophages with a novel autophagy inducing agent. J Biomed Sci 16:110.
21. Choi CY, Park KR, Lee JH, Jeon YJ, Liu KH, Oh S, Kim DE, Yea SS. 2007. Isoeugenol suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression is mediated by down-regulation of NF-kappaB, ERK1/2, and p38 kinase. Eur J Pharmacol 576:151-159.
22. Cohen PR. 2015. Sorafenib-associated facial acneiform eruption. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 5:77-86.
23. Cortes GT, Winograd E, Wiser MF. 2003. Characterization of proteins localized to a subcellular compartment associated with an alternate secretory pathway of the malaria parasite. Mol Biochem Parasito 129:127-135.
24. Cui W, Yu CH, Hu KQ. 2005. In vitro and in vivo effects and mechanisms of celecoxib-induced growth inhibition of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Clin Cancer Res 11:8213-8221.
25. Dabo S, Meurs EF. 2012. DsRNA-dependent protein kinase PKR and its role in stress, signaling and HCV infection. Viruses 4:2598-2635.
26. Das A, Xi L, Kukreja RC. 2008. Protein kinase G-dependent cardioprotective mechanism of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition involves phosphorylation of ERK and GSK3beta. J Biol Chem 283:29572-29585.
27. Deguchi A, Thompson WJ, Weinstein IB. 2004. Activation of protein kinase G is sufficient to induce apoptosis and inhibit cell migration in colon cancer cells. Cancer Res 64:3966-3973.
28. Descamps V, Helle F, Louandre C, Martin E, Brochot E, Izquierdo L, Fournier C, Hoffmann TW, Castelain S, Duverlie G, Galmiche A, François C. 2015. The kinase-inhibitor sorafenib inhibits multiple steps of the Hepatitis C Virus infectious cycle in vitro. Antiviral Res 0S0166-3542(15) 00076-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.03.012.
29. Devan BD, Pistell PJ, Duffy KB, Kelley-Bell B, Spangler EL, Ingram DK. 2014. Phosphodiesterase inhibition facilitates cognitive restoration in rodent models of age-related memory decline. NeuroRehabilitation 34:101-111.
30. Dimcheff DE, Faasse MA, McAtee FJ, Portis JL. 2004. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced by a neurovirulent mouse retrovirus is associated with prolonged BiP binding and retention of a viral protein in the ER. J Biol Chem 279:33782-33790.
31. Donnelly N, Gorman AM, Gupta S, Samali A. 2013. The eIF2α kinases: their structures and functions. Cell Mol Life Sci 70:3493-3511.
32. Earl PL, Moss B, Doms RW. 1991. Folding, interaction with GRP78-BiP, assembly, and transport of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope protein. J Virol 65:2047-2055.
33. Elser C, Siu LL, Winquist E, Agulnik M, Pond GR, Chin SF, Francis P, Cheiken R, Elting J, McNabola A, Wilkie D, Petrenciuc O, Chen EX. 2007. Phase II trial of sorafenib in patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck or nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 25:3766-3773.
34. Friebe A, Koesling D. 2009. The function of NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase: what we can learn from genetic mouse models. Nitric Oxide 21:149-156.
35. Gao M, Yeh PY, Lu YS, Hsu CH, Chen KF, Lee WC, Feng WC, Chen CS, Kuo ML, Cheng AL. 2008. OSU-03012, a novel celecoxib derivative, induces reactive oxygen species-related autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res 68:9348-9357.
36. García-Barroso C, Ricobaraza A, Pascual-Lucas M, Unceta N, Rico AJ, Goicolea MA, Sallés J, Lanciego JL, Oyarzabal J, Franco R, Cuadrado-Tejedor M, García-Osta A. 2013. Tadalafil crosses the blood-brain barrier and reverses cognitive dysfunction in a mouse model of AD. Neuropharmacology 64:114-123.
37. Giannini C, Sarkaria JN, Saito A, Uhm JH, Galanis E, Carlson BL, Schroeder MA, James CD. 2005. Patient tumor EGFR and PDGFRA gene amplifications retained in an invasive intracranial xenograft model of glioblastoma multiforme. Neuro Onco 7:164-176.
38. Goodwin EC, Lipovsky A, Inoue T, Magaldi TG, Edwards AP, Van Goor KE, Paton AW, Paton JC, Atwood WJ, Tsai B, DiMaio D. 2011. BiP and multiple DNAJ molecular chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum are required for efficient simian virus 40 infection. MBi 2:e00101-e00111.
39. Gorbatyuk MS, Gorbatyuk OS. 2013. The Molecular Chaperone GRP78/BiP as a Therapeutic Target for Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Mini Review. J Genet Syndr Gene The 4:128.
40. Ha KS, Kim KM, Kwon YG, Bai SK, Nam WD, Yoo YM, Kim PK, Chung HT, Billiar TR, Kim YM. 2003. Nitric oxide prevents 6-hydroxydopamine-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells through cGMP-dependent PI3 kinase/Akt activation. FASEB J 17:1036-1047.
41. Hayden MA, Lange PA, Nakayama DK. 2001. Nitric oxide and cyclic guanosine monophosphate stimulate apoptosis via activation of the Fas-FasL pathway. J Surg Res 101:183-189.
42. He B. 2006. Viruses, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and interferon responses. Cell Death Differ 13:393-403.
43. Hogue BG, Nayak DP. 1992. Synthesis and processing of the influenza virus neuraminidase, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein. Virology 188:510-517.
44. Hollien J, Lin JH, Li H, Stevens N, Walter P, Weissman JS. 2009. Regulated Ire1-dependent decay of messenger RNAs in mammalian cells. J Cell Biol 186:323-331.
45. Hollien J, Weissman JS. 2006. Decay of endoplasmic reticulum-localized mRNAs during the unfolded protein response. Science 313:104-107.
46. Hotte SJ, Hirte HW. 2002. BAY 43-9006: Early clinical data in patients with advanced solid malignancies. Curr Pharm Des 8:2249-2253.
47. Inaba H, Rubnitz JE, Coustan-Smith E, Li L, Furmanski BD, Mascara GP, Heym KM, Christensen R, Onciu M, Shurtleff SA, Pounds SB, Pui CH, Ribeiro RC, Campana D, Baker SD. 2011. Phase I pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics study of the multi-kinase inhibitor sorafenib in combination with clofarabine and cytarabine in pediatric relapsed/refractory leukemia. J Clin Oncol 29:3293-3300.
48. Jensen AT, Curtis J, Montgomery J, Handman E, Theander TG. 2001. Molecular and immunological characterisation of the glucose regulated protein 78 of Leishmania donovani(1). Biochim Biophys Acta 1549:73-87.
49. Johnson AJ, Smith LL, Zhu J, Heerema NA, Jefferson S, Mone A. 2005. A novel celecoxib derivative, OSU-03012, induces cytotoxicity in primary CLL cells and transformed B-cell lymphoma cell line via a caspase-and Bcl-2-independent mechanism. Blood 105:2504-2509.
50. Kang SG, Kim JS, Park K, Kim JS, Groves MD, Nam DH. 2006. Combination celecoxib and temozolomide in C6 rat glioma orthotopic model. Oncol Rep 15:7-13.
51. Karami-Tehrani F, Moeinifard M, Aghaei M, Atri M. 2012. Evaluation of PDE5 and PDE9 Expression in Benign and Malignant Breast Tumors. Arch Med Res 43:470-475.
52. Kashfi K, Rigas B. 2005. Is COX-2 a 'collateral' target in cancer prevention? Biochem Soc Trans 33:724-727.
53. Kato M, Blanton R, Wang GR, Judson TJ, Abe Y, Myoishi M, Karas RH, Mendelsohn ME. 2012. Direct Binding and Regulation of RhoA by Cyclic GMP-dependent Protein Kinase Iα. J Biol Chem 287:41342-41351.
54. Kimata Y, Kohno K. 2011. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-sensing mechanisms in yeast and mammalian cells. Curr Opin Cell Biol 23:135-142.
55. Klenke FM, Gebhard MM, Ewerbeck V, Abdollahi A, Huber PE, Sckell A. 2006. The selective Cox-2 inhibitor celecoxib suppresses angiogenesis and growth of secondary bone tumors: an intravital microscopy study in mice. BMC Cancer 12:6-9.
56. Koehne CH, Dubois RN. 2004. COX-2 inhibition and colorectal cancer. Semin Oncol 31:12-21.
57. Komalavilas P, Shah PK, Jo H, Lincoln TM. 1999. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways by cyclic GMP and cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase in contractile vascular smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem 274:34301-34309.
58. Kulp SK, Yang YT, Hung CC, Chen KF, Lai JP, Tseng PH, Fowble JW, Ward PJ, Chen CS. 2004. 3-Phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1/Akt signaling represents a major cyclooxygenase-2-independent target for celecoxib in prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res 64:1444-1451.
59. Kwan BW, Osbourne DO, Hu Y, Benedik MJ, Wood TK. 2014. Phosphodiesterase DosP increases persistence by reducing cAMP which reduces the signal indole. Biotechnol Bioeng [Epub ahead of print]
60. Lee AS. 2007. GRP78 induction in cancer: therapeutic and prognostic implications. Cancer Res 67:3496-3499.
61. Li L, Zhao M, Navid F, Pratz K, Smith BD, Rudek MA, Baker SD. 2010. Quantitation of sorafenib and its active metabolite sorafenib N-oxide in human plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 878:3033-3038.
62. Lin YG, Shen J, Yoo E, Liu R, Yen HY, Mehta A, Rajaei A, Yang W, Mhawech-Fauceglia P, DeMayo FJ, Lydon J, Gill P, Lee AS. 2015. Targeting the glucose-regulated protein-78 abrogates Pten-null driven AKT activation and endometrioid tumorigenesis. Oncogene DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.4. [Epub ahead of print].
63. Liu R, Li X, Gao W, Zhou Y, Wey S, Mitra SK, Krasnoperov V, Dong D, Liu S, Li D, Zhu G, Louie S, Conti PS, Li Z, Lee AS, Gill PS. 2013. Monoclonal antibody against cell surface GRP78 as a novel agent in suppressing PI3K/AKT signaling, tumor growth, and metastasis. Clin Cancer Res 6802-6811.
64. Luo B, Lee AS. 2013. The critical roles of endoplasmic reticulum chaperones and unfolded protein response in tumorigenesis and anticancer therapies. Oncogene 32:805-818.
65. Martin AP, Park MA, Mitchell C, Walker T, Rahmani M, Thorburn A, Häussinger D, Reinehr R, Grant S, Dent P. 2009. BCL-2 family inhibitors enhance histone deacetylase inhibitor and sorafenib lethality via autophagy and overcome blockade of the extrinsic pathway to facilitate killing. Mol Pharmacol 76:327-341.
66. Maurel M, Chevet E, Tavernier J, Gerlo S. 2014. Getting RIDD of RNA: IRE1 in cell fate regulation. Trends Biochem Sci 39:245-254.
67. Mirazimi A, Svensson L. 2000. ATP is required for correct folding and disulfide bond formation of rotavirus VP7. J Virol 74:8048-8052.
68. Moreno JA, Tiffany-Castiglioni E. 2014. The Chaperone Grp78 in Protein Folding Disorders of the Nervous System. Neurochem Res Aug 9. [Epub ahead of print].
69. Narayanan BA, Narayanan NK, Pittman B, Reddy BS. 2006. Adenocarcina of the mouse prostate growth inhibition by celecoxib: downregulation of transcription factors involved in COX-2 inhibition. Prostate 66:257-265.
70. Ni M, Lee AS. 2007. ER chaperones in mammalian development and human diseases. FEBS Lett 581:3641-3651.
71. Noguchi A, Ikeda A, Mezaki M, Fukumori Y, Kanemori M. 2014. DnaJ-promoted binding of DnaK to multiple sites on σ32 in the presence of ATP. J Bacteriol 196:1694-1703.
72. Panner A, Murray JC, Berger MS, Pieper RO. 2007. Heat shock protein 90alpha recruits FLIPS to the death-inducing signaling complex and contributes to TRAIL resistance in human glioma. Cancer Res 67:9482-9489.
73. Park MA, Mitchell C, Zhang G, Yacoub A, Allegood J, Häussinger D, Reinehr R, Larner A, Spiegel S, Fisher PB, Voelkel-Johnson C, Ogretmen B, Grant S, Dent P. 2010b. Vorinostat and sorafenib increase CD95 activation in gastrointestinal tumor cells through a Ca(2+)-de novo ceramide-PP2A-reactive oxygen species-dependent signaling pathway. Cancer Res 70:6313-6324.
74. Park MA, Reinehr R, Häussinger D, Voelkel-Johnson C, Ogretmen B, Yacoub A, Grant S, Dent P. 2010a. Sorafenib activates CD95 and promotes autophagy and cell death via Src family kinases in gastrointestinal tumor cells. Mol Cancer Ther 9:2220-2231.
75. Park MA, Yacoub A, Rahmani M, Zhang G, Hart L, Hagan MP. 2008. OSU-03012 stimulates PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum-dependent increases in 70-kDa heat shock protein expression, attenuating its lethal actions in transformed cells. Mol Pharmacol 73:1168-1184.
76. Patel MI, Subbaramaiah K, Du B, Chang M, Newman RA, Cordon-Cardo C, Thaler HT, Dannenberg AJ. 2005. Celecoxib inhibits prostate cancer growth: evidence of a cyclooxygenase-2-independent mechanism. Clin Cancer Res 11:1999-2007.
77. Pavitt GD, Ron D. 2012. New insights into translational regulation in the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 4: pii: a012278.
78. Potter LR. 2011. Guanylyl cyclase structure, function and regulation. Cell Signal 23:1921-1926.
79. Pratz KW, Cho E, Levis MJ, Karp JE, Gore SD, McDevitt M, Stine A, Zhao M, Baker SD, Carducci MA, Wright JJ, Rudek MA, Smith BD. 2010. A pharmacodynamic study of sorafenib in patients with relapsed and refractory acute leukemias. Leukemia 24:1437-1444.
80. Quinones QJ, de Ridder GG, Pizzo SV. 2008. GRP78: a chaperone with diverse roles beyond the endoplasmic reticulum. Histol Histopathol 23:1409-1416.
81. Rahmani M, Davis EM, Bauer C, Dent P, Grant S. 2005. Apoptosis induced by the kinase inhibitor BAY. J Biol Chem 280:43-9006.
82. Rahmani M, Davis EM, Crabtree TR, Habibi JR, Nguyen TK, Dent P, Grant S. 2007. The kinase inhibitor sorafenib induces cell death through a process involving induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Mol Cell Biol 27:5499-5513.
83. Rao R, Fiskus W, Ganguly S, Kambhampati S, Bhalla KN. 2012. HDAC inhibitors and chaperone function. Adv Cancer Res 116:239-262.
84. Rathore APS, Ng ML, Vasudevan SG. 2013. Differential unfolded protein response during Chikungunya and Sindbis virus infection: CHIKV nsP4 suppresses eIF2α phosphorylation. Virol J 10:36.
85. Reid SP, Shurtleff AC, Costantino JA, Tritsch SR, Retterer C, Spurgers KB, Bavari S. 2014. HSPA5 is an essential host factor for Ebola virus infection. Antiviral Res 109:171-174.
86. Roberts JL, Booth L, Conley A, Cruickshanks N, Malkin M, Kukreja RC, Grant S, Poklepovic A, Dent P. 2014. PDE5 inhibitors enhance the lethality of standard of care chemotherapy in pediatric CNS tumor cells. Cancer Biol Ther 15:758-767.
87. Roller C, Maddalo D. 2013. The Molecular Chaperone GRP78/BiP in the Development of Chemoresistance: Mechanism and Possible Treatment. Front Pharmacol 11;4:10.
88. Roux L. 1990. Selective and transient association of Sendai virus HN glycoprotein with BiP. Virolog 175:161-166.
89. Sano R, Reed JC. 2013. ER stress-induced cell death mechanisms. Biochim Biophys Acta 1833:3460-3470.
90. Sarfati M, Mateo V, Baudet S, Rubio M, Fernandez C, Davi F, Binet JL, Delic J, Merle-Beral H. 2003. Sildenafil and vardenafil, types 5 and 6 phosphodiesterase inhibitors, induce caspase-dependent apoptosis of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Blood 101:265-269.
91. Schmidt AJ, Ryjenkov DA, Gomelsky M. 2005. The ubiquitous protein domain EAL is a cyclic diguanylate-specific phosphodiesterase: enzymatically active and inactive EAL domains. J Bacteriol 187:4774-4781.
92. Sean P, Semler BL. 2008. Coxsackievirus B RNA replication: lessons from poliovirus. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 323:89-121.
93. Shan X, Quaile MP, Monk JK, French B, Cappola TP, Margulies KB. 2012. Differential expression of PDE5 in failing and nonfailing human myocardium. Circ Heart Fail 5:79-86.
94. Shen Y, Meunier L, Hendershot LM. 2002. Identification and characterization of a novel endoplasmic reticulum (ER) DnaJ homologue, which stimulates ATPase activity of BiP in vitro and is induced by ER stress. J Biol Chem 277:15947-15956.
95. Spurgers KB, Alefantis T, Peyser BD, Ruthel GT, Bergeron AA, Costantino JA, Enterlein S, Kota KP, Boltz RC, Aman MJ, Delvecchio VG, Bavari S. 2010. Identification of essential filovirion-associated host factors by serial proteomic analysis and RNAi screen. Mol Cell Proteomics 9:2690-2703.
96. Tavallai M, Hamed HA, Roberts JL, Cruickshanks N, Chuckalovcak J, Poklepovic A, Booth L, Dent P. 2015. Nexavar/Stivarga and Viagra Interact to Kill Tumor Cells. J Cell Physiol. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24961. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 25704960
97. Thompson WJ, Piazza GA, Li H, Liu L, Fetter J, Zhu B, Sperl G, Ahnen D, Pamukcu R. 2000. Exisulind induction of apoptosis involves guanosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate phosphodiesterase inhibition, protein kinase G activation, and attenuated beta-catenin. Cancer Res 60:3338-3342.
98. Tong L, Heim RA, Wu S. 2011. Nitric oxide: a regulator of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 kinases. Free Radic Biol Med 50:1717-1725.
99. Tsai YL, Zhang Y, Tseng CC, Stanciauskas R, Pinaud F, Lee AS. 2015. Characterization and Mechanism of Stress-induced Translocation of 78-kilodalton Glucose Regulated Protein (GRP78) to the Cell Surface. J Biol Chem jbc.M114.618736. [Epub ahead of print].
100. Tuckerman JR, Gonzalez G, Gilles-Gonzalez MA. 2011. Cyclic di-GMP activation of polynucleotide phosphorylase signal-dependent RNA processing. J Mol Biol 407:633-639.
101. Vélez Acevedo, Kandler C, Shafer JL, Cornelissen WM. 2014. Identification of regulatory elements that control expression of the tbpBA operon in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Bacteriol 196:2762-2774.
102. Wang YC, Kulp SK, Wang D, Yang CC, Sargeant AM, Hung JH, Kashida Y, Yamaguchi M, Chang GD, Chen CS. 2008. Targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress and Akt with OSU-03012 and gefitinib or erlotinib to overcome resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors. Cancer Res 68:2820-2830.
103. Xu A, Bellamy AR, Taylor JA. 1998. BiP (GRP78) and endoplasmin (GRP94) are induced following rotavirus infection and bind transiently to an endoplasmic reticulum-localized virion component. J Virol 72:9865-9872.
104. Xu Z, Jensen G, Yen TS. 1997. Activation of hepatitis B virus S promoter by the viral large surface protein via induction of stress in the endoplasmic reticulum. J Virol 71:7387-7392.
105. Yacoub A, Park MA, Hanna D, Hong Y, Mitchell C, Pandya AP. 2006. OSU-03012 promotes caspase-independent but PERK-, cathepsin B-, BID-, and AIF-dependent killing of transformed cells. Mol Pharmacol 70:589-603.
106. Yang Y, Chen S, Zhang J, Li C, Sun Y, Zhang L, Zheng X. 2014. Stimulation of autophagy prevents amyloid-β peptide-induced neuritic degeneration in PC12 cells. J Alzheimers Dis 40:929-939.
107. Yu H, Li S, Yang C, Wei M, Song C, Zheng Z, Gu Y, Du H, Zhang J, Xia N. 2011. Homology model and potential virus-capsid binding site of a putative HEV receptor Grp78. J Mol Model 17:987-995.
108. Zhang J, Guo J, Zhao X, Chen Z, Wang G, Liu A, Wang Q, Zhou W, Xu Y, Wang C. 2013. Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor sildenafil prevents neuroinflammation, lowers beta-amyloid levels and improves cognitive performance in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Behav Brain Res 250:230-237.
109. Zhang S, Sun Y, Chen H, Dai Y, Zhan Y, Yu S, Qiu X, Tan L, Song C, Ding C. 2014. Activation of the PKR/eIF2α signaling cascade inhibits replication of Newcastle disease virus. Virol J 11:62.
110. Zhang S, Suvannasankha A, Crean CD, White VL, Johnson A, Chen CS, Farag SS. 2007. OSU-03012, a novel celecoxib derivative, is cytotoxic to myeloma cells and acts through multiple mechanisms. Clin Cancer Res 13:4750-4758.
111. Zhang X, Yan G, Ji J, Wu J, Sun X, Shen J, Jiang H, Wang H. 2012. PDE5 inhibitor promotes melanin synthesis through the PKG pathway in B16 melanoma cells. J Cell Biochem 113:2738-2743.
112. Zhu B, Strada SJ. 2007. The novel functions of cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase 5 and its inhibitors in carcinoma cells and pulmonary/cardiovascular vessels. Curr Top Med Chem 7:437-454.
113. Zhu B, Strada S, Stevens T. 2005a. Cyclic GMP-specific phosphodiesterase 5 regulates growth and apoptosis in pulmonary endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 289:L196-L206.
114. Zhu B, Vemavarapu L, Thompson WJ, Strada SJ. 2005b. Suppression of cyclic GMP-specific phosphodiesterase 5 promotes apoptosis and inhibits growth in HT29 cells. J Cell Biochem 94:336-350.
115. Zhu B, Zhang L, Alexeyev M, Alvarez DF, Strada SJ, Stevens T. 2009. Type 5 phosphodiesterase expression is a critical determinant of the endothelial cell angiogenic phenotype. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 296:L220-L228.
116. Zhu J, Huang JW, Tseng PH, Yang YT, Fowble JW, Shiau CW, Shaw YJ, Kulp SK, Chen CS. 2004. From the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib to a novel class of 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 inhibitors. Cancer Res 64:4309-4318.
117. Zusman RM, Morales RM, Glasser DB, Osterloh IH. Overall cardiovascular profile of sildenafil citrate Am J Cardiol 83 1999; 35C-44C.