메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 228, Issue , 2015, Pages 335-380

Assessing cognitive improvement in people with down syndrome: Important considerations for drug-efficacy trials

Author keywords

Adaptive; Behavior; Clinical trial; Cognition; Down syndrome; Drug treatment; Intellectual disability

Indexed keywords

MEMANTINE; PLACEBO; THYROXINE; NOOTROPIC AGENT;

EID: 84929305624     PISSN: 01712004     EISSN: 18650325     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16522-6_12     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (9)

References (378)
  • 1
    • 35349016847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language development in Down syndrome: From the prelinguistic period to the acquisition of literacy
    • Abbeduto L, Warren SF, Conners FA (2007) Language development in Down syndrome: from the prelinguistic period to the acquisition of literacy. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 13: 247-261.
    • (2007) Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev , vol.13 , pp. 247-261
    • Abbeduto, L.1    Warren, S.F.2    Conners, F.A.3
  • 5
    • 79960638759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and distribution of refractive error in children with Down's syndrome
    • Al-Bagdady M, Murphy PJ, Woodhouse JM (2011) Development and distribution of refractive error in children with Down's syndrome. Br J Ophthalmol 95: 1091-1097.
    • (2011) Br J Ophthalmol , vol.95 , pp. 1091-1097
    • Al-Bagdady, M.1    Murphy, P.J.2    Woodhouse, J.M.3
  • 6
    • 84879802512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of cardiac functions with Doppler echocardiography in children with Down syndrome and anatomically normal heart
    • Al-Biltagi M, Serag AR, Hefidah MM, Mabrouk MM (2013) Evaluation of cardiac functions with Doppler echocardiography in children with Down syndrome and anatomically normal heart. Cardiol Young 23: 174-180.
    • (2013) Cardiol Young , vol.23 , pp. 174-180
    • Al-Biltagi, M.1    Serag, A.R.2    Hefidah, M.M.3    Mabrouk, M.M.4
  • 7
    • 84863520770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self stigma in people with intellectual disabilities and courtesy stigma in family carers: A systematic review
    • Ali A, Hassiotis A, Strydom A, King M (2012) Self stigma in people with intellectual disabilities and courtesy stigma in family carers: a systematic review. Res Dev Disabil 33: 2122-2140.
    • (2012) Res Dev Disabil , vol.33 , pp. 2122-2140
    • Ali, A.1    Hassiotis, A.2    Strydom, A.3    King, M.4
  • 8
    • 0036628382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment and development of executive function (EF) during childhood
    • Anderson P (2002) Assessment and development of executive function (EF) during childhood. Child Neuropsychol 8: 71-82.
    • (2002) Child Neuropsychol , vol.8 , pp. 71-82
    • Anderson, P.1
  • 11
    • 84860244661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Load-dependent posterior-anterior shift in aging in complex visual selective attention situations
    • Ansado J, Monchi O, Ennabil N, Faure S, Joanette Y (2012) Load-dependent posterior-anterior shift in aging in complex visual selective attention situations. Brain Res 1454: 14-22.
    • (2012) Brain Res , vol.1454 , pp. 14-22
    • Ansado, J.1    Monchi, O.2    Ennabil, N.3    Faure, S.4    Joanette, Y.5
  • 12
    • 0030904392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of amyloid precursor protein mRNA isoforms in rat brain is differentially regulated during postnatal maturation and by cholinergic activity
    • Apelt J, Schliebs R, Beck M, Rossner S, Bigl V (1997) Expression of amyloid precursor protein mRNA isoforms in rat brain is differentially regulated during postnatal maturation and by cholinergic activity. Int J Dev Neurosci 15: 95-112.
    • (1997) Int J Dev Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 95-112
    • Apelt, J.1    Schliebs, R.2    Beck, M.3    Rossner, S.4    Bigl, V.5
  • 13
    • 79960059906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epilepsy in children with Down syndrome
    • Arya R, Kabra M, Gulati S (2011) Epilepsy in children with Down syndrome. Epileptic Disord 13: 1-7.
    • (2011) Epileptic Disord , vol.13 , pp. 1-7
    • Arya, R.1    Kabra, M.2    Gulati, S.3
  • 18
    • 0033978891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery and genetic localization of Down syndrome cerebellar phenotypes using the Ts65Dn mouse
    • Baxter LL, Moran TH, Richtsmeier JT, Troncoso J, Reeves RH (2000) Discovery and genetic localization of Down syndrome cerebellar phenotypes using the Ts65Dn mouse. Hum Mol Genet 9: 195-202.
    • (2000) Hum Mol Genet , vol.9 , pp. 195-202
    • Baxter, L.L.1    Moran, T.H.2    Richtsmeier, J.T.3    Troncoso, J.4    Reeves, R.H.5
  • 19
    • 0022506009 scopus 로고
    • Dendritic atrophy in children with Down's syndrome
    • Becker LE, Armstrong DL, Chan F (1986) Dendritic atrophy in children with Down's syndrome. Ann Neurol 20: 520-526.
    • (1986) Ann Neurol , vol.20 , pp. 520-526
    • Becker, L.E.1    Armstrong, D.L.2    Chan, F.3
  • 22
    • 0021736998 scopus 로고
    • Maternal influence on the task behaviour of young Down's syndrome children
    • Berry P, Gunn P (1984) Maternal influence on the task behaviour of young Down's syndrome children. J Ment Defic Res 28: 269-274.
    • (1984) J Ment Defic Res , vol.28 , pp. 269-274
    • Berry, P.1    Gunn, P.2
  • 24
    • 53949086485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of potential outcome measures for future clinical trials in fragile X syndrome
    • Berry-Kravis E, Sumis A, Kim OK, Lara R, Wuu J (2008) Characterization of potential outcome measures for future clinical trials in fragile X syndrome. J Autism Dev Disord 38: 1751-1757.
    • (2008) J Autism Dev Disord , vol.38 , pp. 1751-1757
    • Berry-Kravis, E.1    Sumis, A.2    Kim, O.K.3    Lara, R.4    Wuu, J.5
  • 27
    • 39149139591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subpleural lung cysts in Down syndrome: Prevalence and association with coexisting diagnoses
    • Biko DM, Schwartz M, Anupindi SA, Altes TA (2008) Subpleural lung cysts in Down syndrome: prevalence and association with coexisting diagnoses. Pediatr Radiol 38: 280-284.
    • (2008) Pediatr Radiol , vol.38 , pp. 280-284
    • Biko, D.M.1    Schwartz, M.2    Anupindi, S.A.3    Altes, T.A.4
  • 30
    • 77957749242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased risk of respiratory tract infections in children with Down syndrome: The consequence of an altered immune system
    • Bloemers BL, Broers CJ, Bont L, Weijerman ME, Gemke RJ, van Furth AM (2010a) Increased risk of respiratory tract infections in children with Down syndrome: the consequence of an altered immune system. Microbes Infect 12: 799-808.
    • (2010) Microbes Infect , vol.12 , pp. 799-808
    • Bloemers, B.L.1    Broers, C.J.2    Bont, L.3    Weijerman, M.E.4    Gemke, R.J.5    van Furth, A.M.6
  • 31
    • 74049093239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High incidence of recurrent wheeze in children with Down syndrome with and without previous respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection
    • Bloemers BL, van Furth AM, Weijerman ME, Gemke RJ, Broers CJ, Kimpen JL, Bont L (2010b) High incidence of recurrent wheeze in children with Down syndrome with and without previous respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection. Pediatr Infect Dis J 29: 39-42.
    • (2010) Pediatr Infect Dis J , vol.29 , pp. 39-42
    • Bloemers, B.L.1    van Furth, A.M.2    Weijerman, M.E.3    Gemke, R.J.4    Broers, C.J.5    Kimpen, J.L.6    Bont, L.7
  • 32
    • 34249048602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prefrontal cortex and long-term memory encoding: An integrative review of findings from neuropsychology and neuroimaging
    • Blumenfeld RS, Ranganath C (2007) Prefrontal cortex and long-term memory encoding: an integrative review of findings from neuropsychology and neuroimaging. Neuroscientist 13: 280-291.
    • (2007) Neuroscientist , vol.13 , pp. 280-291
    • Blumenfeld, R.S.1    Ranganath, C.2
  • 35
    • 84555179176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic treatment with a Promnesiant GABA-A α5-selective inverse agonist increases immediate early genes expression during memory processing in mice and rectifies their expression levels in a Down Syndrome Mouse Model
    • Braudeau J, Dauphinot L, Duchon A, Loistron A, Dodd RH, Hérault Y, Delatour B, Potier MC (2011a) Chronic treatment with a Promnesiant GABA-A α5-selective inverse agonist increases immediate early genes expression during memory processing in mice and rectifies their expression levels in a Down Syndrome Mouse Model. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2011: 153218.
    • (2011) Adv Pharmacol Sci , vol.2011
    • Braudeau, J.1    Dauphinot, L.2    Duchon, A.3    Loistron, A.4    Dodd, R.H.5    Hérault, Y.6    Delatour, B.7    Potier, M.C.8
  • 37
    • 12144283115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language influences on verbal short-term memory performance in Down syndrome: Item and order recognition
    • Brock J, Jarrold C (2004) Language influences on verbal short-term memory performance in Down syndrome: item and order recognition. J Speech Lang Hear Res 47: 1334-1346.
    • (2004) J Speech Lang Hear Res , vol.47 , pp. 1334-1346
    • Brock, J.1    Jarrold, C.2
  • 38
    • 15944427082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serial order reconstruction in Down syndrome: Evidence for a selective deficit in verbal short-term memory
    • Brock J, Jarrold C (2005) Serial order reconstruction in Down syndrome: evidence for a selective deficit in verbal short-term memory. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 46: 304-316.
    • (2005) J Child Psychol Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 304-316
    • Brock, J.1    Jarrold, C.2
  • 41
    • 33751417401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial memory: How egocentric and allocentric combine
    • Burgess N (2006) Spatial memory: how egocentric and allocentric combine. Trends Cogn Sci 10: 551-557.
    • (2006) Trends Cogn Sci , vol.10 , pp. 551-557
    • Burgess, N.1
  • 46
    • 84883102415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive flexibility among individuals with Down syndrome: Assessing the influence of verbal and nonverbal abilities
    • Campbell C, Landry O, Russo N, Flores H, Jacques S, Burack JA (2013) Cognitive flexibility among individuals with Down syndrome: assessing the influence of verbal and nonverbal abilities. Am J Intellect Dev Disabil 118: 193-200.
    • (2013) Am J Intellect Dev Disabil , vol.118 , pp. 193-200
    • Campbell, C.1    Landry, O.2    Russo, N.3    Flores, H.4    Jacques, S.5    Burack, J.A.6
  • 47
    • 33748089366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobehavioral disorders in children, adolescents, and young adults with Down syndrome
    • Capone G, Goyal P, Ares W, Lannigan E (2006) Neurobehavioral disorders in children, adolescents, and young adults with Down syndrome. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 142C: 158-172.
    • (2006) Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet , vol.142 , pp. 158-172
    • Capone, G.1    Goyal, P.2    Ares, W.3    Lannigan, E.4
  • 48
    • 0031060636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term memory in mental retardation: Evidence for a specific impairment in subjects with Down's syndrome
    • Carlesimo GA, Marotta L, Vicari S (1997) Long-term memory in mental retardation: evidence for a specific impairment in subjects with Down's syndrome. Neuropsychologia 35: 71-79.
    • (1997) Neuropsychologia , vol.35 , pp. 71-79
    • Carlesimo, G.A.1    Marotta, L.2    Vicari, S.3
  • 49
    • 0014846669 scopus 로고
    • Mental and motor development in young mongol children
    • Carr J (1970) Mental and motor development in young mongol children. J Ment Defic Res 14: 205-220.
    • (1970) J Ment Defic Res , vol.14 , pp. 205-220
    • Carr, J.1
  • 50
    • 0023751608 scopus 로고
    • Six weeks to twenty-one years old: A longitudinal study of children with Down's syndrome and their families. Third Jack Tizard memorial lecture
    • Carr J (1988) Six weeks to twenty-one years old: a longitudinal study of children with Down's syndrome and their families. Third Jack Tizard memorial lecture. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 29: 407-431.
    • (1988) J Child Psychol Psychiatry , vol.29 , pp. 407-431
    • Carr, J.1
  • 51
    • 0028399215 scopus 로고
    • Long-term-outcome for people with Down's syndrome
    • Carr J (1994) Long-term-outcome for people with Down's syndrome. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 35: 425-439.
    • (1994) J Child Psychol Psychiatry , vol.35 , pp. 425-439
    • Carr, J.1
  • 53
    • 0033869715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocytic pathway abnormalities precede amyloid beta deposition in sporadic Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome: Differential effects of APOE genotype and presenilin mutations
    • Cataldo AM, Peterhoff CM, Troncoso JC, Gomez-Isla T, Hyman BT, Nixon RA (2000) Endocytic pathway abnormalities precede amyloid beta deposition in sporadic Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome: differential effects of APOE genotype and presenilin mutations. Am J Pathol 157: 277-286.
    • (2000) Am J Pathol , vol.157 , pp. 277-286
    • Cataldo, A.M.1    Peterhoff, C.M.2    Troncoso, J.C.3    Gomez-Isla, T.4    Hyman, B.T.5    Nixon, R.A.6
  • 55
    • 83055172909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental enrichment rescues postnatal neurogenesis defect in the male and female Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome
    • Chakrabarti L, Scafidi J, Gallo V, Haydar TF (2011) Environmental enrichment rescues postnatal neurogenesis defect in the male and female Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome. Dev Neurosci 33: 428-441.
    • (2011) Dev Neurosci , vol.33 , pp. 428-441
    • Chakrabarti, L.1    Scafidi, J.2    Gallo, V.3    Haydar, T.F.4
  • 56
    • 0030827611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language development in children and adolescents with Down syndrome
    • Chapman RS (1997) Language development in children and adolescents with Down syndrome. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 3: 307-312.
    • (1997) Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev , vol.3 , pp. 307-312
    • Chapman, R.S.1
  • 59
    • 16244416856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebrocerebellar networks during articulatory rehearsal and verbal working memory tasks
    • Chen SH, Desmond JE (2005) Cerebrocerebellar networks during articulatory rehearsal and verbal working memory tasks. Neuroimage 24: 332-338.
    • (2005) Neuroimage , vol.24 , pp. 332-338
    • Chen, S.H.1    Desmond, J.E.2
  • 60
    • 0017277050 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between affective and cognitive development in Down's Syndrome infants
    • Cicchetti D, Sroufe LA (1976) The relationship between affective and cognitive development in Down's Syndrome infants. Child Dev 47: 920-929.
    • (1976) Child Dev , vol.47 , pp. 920-929
    • Cicchetti, D.1    Sroufe, L.A.2
  • 64
    • 34548102066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell cycle alteration and decreased cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and in the neocortical germinal matrix of fetuses with Down syndrome and in Ts65Dn mice
    • Contestabile A, Fila T, Ceccarelli C, Bonasoni P, Bonapace L, Santini D, Bartesaghi R, Ciani E (2007) Cell cycle alteration and decreased cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and in the neocortical germinal matrix of fetuses with Down syndrome and in Ts65Dn mice. Hippocampus 17: 665-678.
    • (2007) Hippocampus , vol.17 , pp. 665-678
    • Contestabile, A.1    Fila, T.2    Ceccarelli, C.3    Bonasoni, P.4    Bonapace, L.5    Santini, D.6    Bartesaghi, R.7    Ciani, E.8
  • 66
    • 80053947658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in persons with Down syndrome
    • Costa AC (2011a) An assessment of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in persons with Down syndrome. Exp Brain Res 214: 199-213.
    • (2011) Exp Brain Res , vol.214 , pp. 199-213
    • Costa, A.C.1
  • 67
    • 80053995662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) in persons with Down syndrome
    • Costa AC (2011b) An assessment of optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) in persons with Down syndrome. Exp Brain Res 214: 381-391.
    • (2011) Exp Brain Res , vol.214 , pp. 381-391
    • Costa, A.C.1
  • 68
    • 43649094588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute injections of the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine rescue performance deficits of the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome on a fear conditioning test
    • Costa AC, Scott-McKean JJ, Stasko MR (2008) Acute injections of the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine rescue performance deficits of the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome on a fear conditioning test. Neuropsychopharmacology 33: 1624-1632.
    • (2008) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.33 , pp. 1624-1632
    • Costa, A.C.1    Scott-McKean, J.J.2    Stasko, M.R.3
  • 69
    • 0030983375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrast sensitivity in infants and children with Down syndrome
    • Courage ML, Adams RJ, Hall EJ (1997) Contrast sensitivity in infants and children with Down syndrome. Vision Res 37: 1545-1555.
    • (1997) Vision Res , vol.37 , pp. 1545-1555
    • Courage, M.L.1    Adams, R.J.2    Hall, E.J.3
  • 71
    • 1642281760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Stanford Binet Fourth Edition and its use with individuals with Down syndrome: Cautions for clinicians
    • Couzens D, Cuskelly M, Jobling A (2004) The Stanford Binet Fourth Edition and its use with individuals with Down syndrome: cautions for clinicians. Int J Disabil Dev Educ 51: 39-56.
    • (2004) Int J Disabil Dev Educ , vol.51 , pp. 39-56
    • Couzens, D.1    Cuskelly, M.2    Jobling, A.3
  • 73
    • 0016613077 scopus 로고
    • The density of synapses and neurons in normal, mentally defective ageing human brains
    • Cragg BG (1975) The density of synapses and neurons in normal, mentally defective ageing human brains. Brain 98: 81-90.
    • (1975) Brain , vol.98 , pp. 81-90
    • Cragg, B.G.1
  • 75
    • 0037567512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining clinically meaningful change in healthrelated quality of life
    • Crosby RD, Kolotkin RL, Williams GR (2003) Defining clinically meaningful change in healthrelated quality of life. J Clin Epidemiol 56: 395-407.
    • (2003) J Clin Epidemiol , vol.56 , pp. 395-407
    • Crosby, R.D.1    Kolotkin, R.L.2    Williams, G.R.3
  • 76
    • 0345271943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of self-regulation in young children with Down syndrome
    • Cuskelly M, Zhang A, Gilmore L (1998) The importance of self-regulation in young children with Down syndrome. Int J Disabil Dev Educ 45: 331-341.
    • (1998) Int J Disabil Dev Educ , vol.45 , pp. 331-341
    • Cuskelly, M.1    Zhang, A.2    Gilmore, L.3
  • 77
    • 0032972838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliability, criterion-related validity and qualitative comments of the Fourth Edition of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale with a young adult population with intellectual disability
    • Dacey CM, Nelson WM 3rd, Stoeckel J (1999) Reliability, criterion-related validity and qualitative comments of the Fourth Edition of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale with a young adult population with intellectual disability. J Intellect Disabil Res 43: 179-184.
    • (1999) J Intellect Disabil Res , vol.43 , pp. 179-184
    • Dacey, C.M.1    Nelson, W.M.2    Stoeckel, J.3
  • 78
    • 84892146711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medial temporal lobe contributions to intra-item associative recognition memory in the aging brain
    • Dalton MA, Tu S, Hornberger M, Hodges JR, Piguet O (2014) Medial temporal lobe contributions to intra-item associative recognition memory in the aging brain. Front Behav Neurosci 7: 222.
    • (2014) Front Behav Neurosci , vol.7
    • Dalton, M.A.1    Tu, S.2    Hornberger, M.3    Hodges, J.R.4    Piguet, O.5
  • 84
    • 84876099567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential role of the dorsal hippocampus, ventro-intermediate hippocampus, and medial prefrontal cortex in updating the value of a spatial goal
    • De Saint BP, Hok V, Save E, Poucet B, Chaillan FA (2013) Differential role of the dorsal hippocampus, ventro-intermediate hippocampus, and medial prefrontal cortex in updating the value of a spatial goal. Hippocampus 23: 342-351.
    • (2013) Hippocampus , vol.23 , pp. 342-351
    • De Saint, B.P.1    Hok, V.2    Save, E.3    Poucet, B.4    Chaillan, F.A.5
  • 87
  • 90
    • 0033649538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Close interrelation of motor development and cognitive development and of the cerebellum and prefrontal cortex
    • Diamond A (2000) Close interrelation of motor development and cognitive development and of the cerebellum and prefrontal cortex. Child Dev 71: 44-56.
    • (2000) Child Dev , vol.71 , pp. 44-56
    • Diamond, A.1
  • 92
    • 4344563970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociable effects of arousal and valence on prefrontal activity indexing emotional evaluation and subsequent memory: An event-related fMRI study
    • Dolcos F, LaBar KS, Cabeza R (2004) Dissociable effects of arousal and valence on prefrontal activity indexing emotional evaluation and subsequent memory: an event-related fMRI study. Neuroimage 23: 64-74.
    • (2004) Neuroimage , vol.23 , pp. 64-74
    • Dolcos, F.1    LaBar, K.S.2    Cabeza, R.3
  • 93
    • 84855442773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When modularization fails to occur: A developmental perspective
    • D'Souza D, Karmiloff-Smith A (2011) When modularization fails to occur: a developmental perspective. Cogn Neuropsychol 28: 276-287.
    • (2011) Cogn Neuropsychol , vol.28 , pp. 276-287
    • D'Souza, D.1    Karmiloff-Smith, A.2
  • 94
    • 79958261764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visuospatial support for verbal short-term memory in individuals with Down syndrome
    • Duarte CP, Covre P, Braga AC, de Macedo EC (2011) Visuospatial support for verbal short-term memory in individuals with Down syndrome. Res Dev Disabil 32: 1918-1923.
    • (2011) Res Dev Disabil , vol.32 , pp. 1918-1923
    • Duarte, C.P.1    Covre, P.2    Braga, A.C.3    de Macedo, E.C.4
  • 95
    • 0023761374 scopus 로고
    • Stage transitioning in the sensorimotor development of Down's syndrome infants
    • Dunst CJ (1988) Stage transitioning in the sensorimotor development of Down's syndrome infants. J Ment Defic Res 32: 405-410.
    • (1988) J Ment Defic Res , vol.32 , pp. 405-410
    • Dunst, C.J.1
  • 97
    • 84876188303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognition in Down syndrome: A developmental cognitive neuroscience perspective
    • Edgin JO (2013) Cognition in Down syndrome: a developmental cognitive neuroscience perspective. WIREs Cogn Sci 4: 307-317.
    • (2013) WIREs Cogn Sci , vol.4 , pp. 307-317
    • Edgin, J.O.1
  • 99
    • 77953340730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological components of intellectual disability: The contributions of immediate, working, and associative memory
    • Edgin JO, Pennington BF, Mervis CB (2010b) Neuropsychological components of intellectual disability: the contributions of immediate, working, and associative memory. J Intellect Disabil Res 54: 406-417.
    • (2010) J Intellect Disabil Res , vol.54 , pp. 406-417
    • Edgin, J.O.1    Pennington, B.F.2    Mervis, C.B.3
  • 100
    • 84860318613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human and mouse model cognitive phenotypes in Down syndrome: Implications for assessment
    • Edgin JO, Mason GM, Spanò G, Fernández A, Nadel L (2012) Human and mouse model cognitive phenotypes in Down syndrome: implications for assessment. Prog Brain Res 197: 123-151.
    • (2012) Prog Brain Res , vol.197 , pp. 123-151
    • Edgin, J.O.1    Mason, G.M.2    Spanò, G.3    Fernández, A.4    Nadel, L.5
  • 101
    • 84904363470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remembering things without context: Development matters
    • Edgin JO, Spanò G, Kawa K, Nadel L (2014) Remembering things without context: development matters. Child Dev 85: 1491-1502.
    • (2014) Child Dev , vol.85 , pp. 1491-1502
    • Edgin, J.O.1    Spanò, G.2    Kawa, K.3    Nadel, L.4
  • 102
    • 0029891250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of caffeine, practice, and mode of presentation on Stroop task performance
    • Edwards S, Brice C, Craig C, Penri-Jones R (1996) Effects of caffeine, practice, and mode of presentation on Stroop task performance. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 54: 309-315.
    • (1996) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.54 , pp. 309-315
    • Edwards, S.1    Brice, C.2    Craig, C.3    Penri-Jones, R.4
  • 104
    • 84894297837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive neuroscience: Navigating human verbal memory
    • Ekstrom AD (2014) Cognitive neuroscience: navigating human verbal memory. Curr Biol 24: R167-R168.
    • (2014) Curr Biol , vol.24 , pp. R167-R168
    • Ekstrom, A.D.1
  • 105
    • 0024556142 scopus 로고
    • Memory for spatial location in children, adults, and mentally retarded persons
    • Ellis NR, Woodley-Zanthos P, Dulaney CL (1989) Memory for spatial location in children, adults, and mentally retarded persons. Am J Ment Retard 93: 521-526.
    • (1989) Am J Ment Retard , vol.93 , pp. 521-526
    • Ellis, N.R.1    Woodley-Zanthos, P.2    Dulaney, C.L.3
  • 106
    • 0016435935 scopus 로고
    • Non-Gaussian behavior of the EEG in Down's syndrome suggests decreased neuronal connections
    • Elul R, Hanley J, Simmons JQ (1975) Non-Gaussian behavior of the EEG in Down's syndrome suggests decreased neuronal connections. Acta Neurol Scand 51: 21-28.
    • (1975) Acta Neurol Scand , vol.51 , pp. 21-28
    • Elul, R.1    Hanley, J.2    Simmons, J.Q.3
  • 108
    • 0022271552 scopus 로고
    • Mouse trisomy 16: An animal model of human trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)
    • Epstein CJ, Cox DR, Epstein LB (1985) Mouse trisomy 16: an animal model of human trisomy 21 (Down syndrome). Ann N Y Acad Sci 450: 157-168.
    • (1985) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.450 , pp. 157-168
    • Epstein, C.J.1    Cox, D.R.2    Epstein, L.B.3
  • 109
    • 79959752652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of functional brain imaging correlates of successful cognitive aging
    • Eyler LT, Sherzai A, Kaup AR, Jeste DV (2011) A review of functional brain imaging correlates of successful cognitive aging. Biol Psychiatry 70: 115-122.
    • (2011) Biol Psychiatry , vol.70 , pp. 115-122
    • Eyler, L.T.1    Sherzai, A.2    Kaup, A.R.3    Jeste, D.V.4
  • 110
    • 38649121122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A cross-sectional test of the similar-trajectory hypothesis among adults with mental retardation
    • Facon B (2008) A cross-sectional test of the similar-trajectory hypothesis among adults with mental retardation. Res Dev Disabil 29: 29-44.
    • (2008) Res Dev Disabil , vol.29 , pp. 29-44
    • Facon, B.1
  • 111
    • 84892576357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual acuity deficits in children with nystagmus and Down syndrome
    • Felius J, Beauchamp CL, Stager DR Sr (2014) Visual acuity deficits in children with nystagmus and Down syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol 157: 458-463.
    • (2014) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.157 , pp. 458-463
    • Felius, J.1    Beauchamp, C.L.2    Stager, D.R.3
  • 113
    • 77954562751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Getting beyond the "convenience sample" in research on early cognitive development
    • Fernald A (2010) Getting beyond the "convenience sample" in research on early cognitive development. Behav Brain Sci 33: 91-92.
    • (2010) Behav Brain Sci , vol.33 , pp. 91-92
    • Fernald, A.1
  • 114
    • 84874195108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SES differences in language processing skill and vocabulary are evident at 18 months
    • Fernald A, Marchman VA, Weisleder A (2013) SES differences in language processing skill and vocabulary are evident at 18 months. Dev Sci 16: 234-248.
    • (2013) Dev Sci , vol.16 , pp. 234-248
    • Fernald, A.1    Marchman, V.A.2    Weisleder, A.3
  • 115
    • 38749133061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Episodic-like memory in Ts65Dn, a mouse model of Down syndrome
    • Fernandez F, Garner CC (2008) Episodic-like memory in Ts65Dn, a mouse model of Down syndrome. Behav Brain Res 188: 233-237.
    • (2008) Behav Brain Res , vol.188 , pp. 233-237
    • Fernandez, F.1    Garner, C.C.2
  • 117
    • 33748374210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emergence of a syndrome-specific personality profile in young children with Down syndrome
    • Fidler DJ (2006) The emergence of a syndrome-specific personality profile in young children with Down syndrome. Downs Syndr Res Pract 10: 53-60.
    • (2006) Downs Syndr Res Pract , vol.10 , pp. 53-60
    • Fidler, D.J.1
  • 118
    • 24144449019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related differences in smiling and personality in Down syndrome
    • Fidler DJ, Barrett KC, Most DE (2005a) Age-related differences in smiling and personality in Down syndrome. J Dev Phys Disabil 17: 263-280.
    • (2005) J Dev Phys Disabil , vol.17 , pp. 263-280
    • Fidler, D.J.1    Barrett, K.C.2    Most, D.E.3
  • 119
    • 21344450517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonverbal requesting and problemsolving by toddlers with Down syndrome
    • Fidler DJ, Philofsky A, Hepburn SL, Rogers SJ (2005b) Nonverbal requesting and problemsolving by toddlers with Down syndrome. Am J Ment Retard 110: 312-322.
    • (2005) Am J Ment Retard , vol.110 , pp. 312-322
    • Fidler, D.J.1    Philofsky, A.2    Hepburn, S.L.3    Rogers, S.J.4
  • 120
    • 33747854171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperament and behaviour problems in young children with Down syndrome at 12, 30, and 45 months
    • Fidler DJ, Most DE, Booth-LaForce C, Kelly JF (2006) Temperament and behaviour problems in young children with Down syndrome at 12, 30, and 45 months. Downs Syndr Res Pract 10: 23-29.
    • (2006) Downs Syndr Res Pract , vol.10 , pp. 23-29
    • Fidler, D.J.1    Most, D.E.2    Booth-LaForce, C.3    Kelly, J.F.4
  • 123
    • 58749097277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Verbal, visual, and spatio-sequential short-term memory: Assessment of the storage capacities of children and teenagers with Down's syndrome
    • Frenkel S, Bourdin B (2009) Verbal, visual, and spatio-sequential short-term memory: assessment of the storage capacities of children and teenagers with Down's syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res 53: 152-160.
    • (2009) J Intellect Disabil Res , vol.53 , pp. 152-160
    • Frenkel, S.1    Bourdin, B.2
  • 126
    • 77956527573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying established clinical assessment measures using 3D-movement analysis in individuals with Down syndrome
    • Galli M, Cimolin V, Patti P, Ferrario D, Heaney G, Albertini G, Freedland R (2010) Quantifying established clinical assessment measures using 3D-movement analysis in individuals with Down syndrome. Disabil Rehabil 32: 1768-1774.
    • (2010) Disabil Rehabil , vol.32 , pp. 1768-1774
    • Galli, M.1    Cimolin, V.2    Patti, P.3    Ferrario, D.4    Heaney, G.5    Albertini, G.6    Freedland, R.7
  • 127
    • 38549141322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Executive function in preschoolers: A review using an integrative framework
    • Garon N, Bryson SE, Smith IM (2008) Executive function in preschoolers: a review using an integrative framework. Psychol Bull 134: 31-60.
    • (2008) Psychol Bull , vol.134 , pp. 31-60
    • Garon, N.1    Bryson, S.E.2    Smith, I.M.3
  • 128
    • 12744268371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trisomy 21 and congenital heart disease: Effect of timing of initial echocardiogram
    • Ghaffar S, Lemler MS, Fixler DE, Ramaciotti C (2005) Trisomy 21 and congenital heart disease: effect of timing of initial echocardiogram. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 44: 39-42.
    • (2005) Clin Pediatr (Phila) , vol.44 , pp. 39-42
    • Ghaffar, S.1    Lemler, M.S.2    Fixler, D.E.3    Ramaciotti, C.4
  • 129
    • 52949111804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A neuroimaging study of premotor lateralization and cerebellar involvement in the production of phonemes and syllables
    • Ghosh SS, Tourville JA, Guenther FH (2008) A neuroimaging study of premotor lateralization and cerebellar involvement in the production of phonemes and syllables. J Speech Lang Hear Res 51: 1183-1202.
    • (2008) J Speech Lang Hear Res , vol.51 , pp. 1183-1202
    • Ghosh, S.S.1    Tourville, J.A.2    Guenther, F.H.3
  • 130
    • 0037337617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-regulatory behaviors in children with Down syndrome and typically developing children measured using the Goodman Lock Box
    • Gilmore L, Cuskelly M, Hayes A (2003) Self-regulatory behaviors in children with Down syndrome and typically developing children measured using the Goodman Lock Box. Res Dev Disabil 24: 95-108.
    • (2003) Res Dev Disabil , vol.24 , pp. 95-108
    • Gilmore, L.1    Cuskelly, M.2    Hayes, A.3
  • 134
    • 0028070918 scopus 로고
    • Development of the superior temporal neocortex is anomalous in trisomy 21
    • Golden JA, Hyman BT (1994) Development of the superior temporal neocortex is anomalous in trisomy 21. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 53: 513-520.
    • (1994) J Neuropathol Exp Neurol , vol.53 , pp. 513-520
    • Golden, J.A.1    Hyman, B.T.2
  • 136
    • 84862635215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cognitive neuroscience of ageing
    • Grady C (2012) The cognitive neuroscience of ageing. Nat Rev Neurosci 13: 491-505.
    • (2012) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.13 , pp. 491-505
    • Grady, C.1
  • 137
    • 21244447302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Task-related activity in prefrontal cortex and its relation to recognition memory performance in young and old adults
    • Grady CL, McIntosh AR, Craik FI (2005) Task-related activity in prefrontal cortex and its relation to recognition memory performance in young and old adults. Neuropsychologia 43: 1466-1481.
    • (2005) Neuropsychologia , vol.43 , pp. 1466-1481
    • Grady, C.L.1    McIntosh, A.R.2    Craik, F.I.3
  • 138
    • 62349086210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of medial cortical, hippocampal and striatal interactions during cognitive set-shifting
    • Graham S, Phua E, Soon CS, Oh T, Au C, Shuter B, Wang SC, Yeh IB (2009) Role of medial cortical, hippocampal and striatal interactions during cognitive set-shifting. Neuroimage 45: 1359-1367.
    • (2009) Neuroimage , vol.45 , pp. 1359-1367
    • Graham, S.1    Phua, E.2    Soon, C.S.3    Oh, T.4    Au, C.5    Shuter, B.6    Wang, S.C.7    Yeh, I.B.8
  • 139
    • 41149164894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurogenesis impairment and increased cell death reduce total neuron number in the hippocampal region of fetuses with Down syndrome
    • Guidi S, Bonasoni P, Ceccarelli C, Santini D, Gualtieri F, Ciani E, Bartesaghi R (2008) Neurogenesis impairment and increased cell death reduce total neuron number in the hippocampal region of fetuses with Down syndrome. Brain Pathol 18: 180-197.
    • (2008) Brain Pathol , vol.18 , pp. 180-197
    • Guidi, S.1    Bonasoni, P.2    Ceccarelli, C.3    Santini, D.4    Gualtieri, F.5    Ciani, E.6    Bartesaghi, R.7
  • 140
    • 79953113713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Widespread proliferation impairment and hypocellularity in the cerebellum of fetuses with Down syndrome
    • Guidi S, Ciani E, Bonasoni P, Santini D, Bartesaghi R (2011) Widespread proliferation impairment and hypocellularity in the cerebellum of fetuses with Down syndrome. Brain Pathol 21: 361-373.
    • (2011) Brain Pathol , vol.21 , pp. 361-373
    • Guidi, S.1    Ciani, E.2    Bonasoni, P.3    Santini, D.4    Bartesaghi, R.5
  • 141
    • 74949102400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Home-based peer social networks of young children with Down syndrome: A developmental perspective
    • Guralnick MJ, Connor RT, Johnson LC (2009) Home-based peer social networks of young children with Down syndrome: a developmental perspective. Am J Intellect Dev Disabil 114: 340-355.
    • (2009) Am J Intellect Dev Disabil , vol.114 , pp. 340-355
    • Guralnick, M.J.1    Connor, R.T.2    Johnson, L.C.3
  • 142
    • 79958265377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The peer social networks of young children with Down syndrome in classroom programmes
    • Guralnick MJ, Connor RT, Johnson LC (2011) The peer social networks of young children with Down syndrome in classroom programmes. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 24: 310-321.
    • (2011) J Appl Res Intellect Disabil , vol.24 , pp. 310-321
    • Guralnick, M.J.1    Connor, R.T.2    Johnson, L.C.3
  • 143
    • 12544253120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aging and the neural correlates of successful picture encoding: Frontal activations compensate for decreased medial-temporal activity
    • Gutchess AH, Welsh RC, Hedden T, Bangert A, Minear M, Liu LL, Park DC (2005) Aging and the neural correlates of successful picture encoding: frontal activations compensate for decreased medial-temporal activity. J Cogn Neurosci 17: 84-96.
    • (2005) J Cogn Neurosci , vol.17 , pp. 84-96
    • Gutchess, A.H.1    Welsh, R.C.2    Hedden, T.3    Bangert, A.4    Minear, M.5    Liu, L.L.6    Park, D.C.7
  • 145
    • 0026325645 scopus 로고
    • Processing of beta-amyloid precursor protein in microglia and astrocytes favors an internal localization over constitutive secretion
    • Haass C, Hung AY, Selkoe DJ (1991) Processing of beta-amyloid precursor protein in microglia and astrocytes favors an internal localization over constitutive secretion. J Neurosci 11: 3783-3793.
    • (1991) J Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 3783-3793
    • Haass, C.1    Hung, A.Y.2    Selkoe, D.J.3
  • 146
    • 47549116584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal changes in intellectual development in children with Fragile X syndrome
    • Hall SS, Burns DD, Lightbody AA, Reiss AL (2008) Longitudinal changes in intellectual development in children with Fragile X syndrome. J Abnorm Child Psychol 36: 927-939.
    • (2008) J Abnorm Child Psychol , vol.36 , pp. 927-939
    • Hall, S.S.1    Burns, D.D.2    Lightbody, A.A.3    Reiss, A.L.4
  • 147
    • 3242767625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gait dynamics in trisomic mice: Quantitative neurological traits of Down syndrome
    • Hampton TG, Stasko MR, Kale A, Amende I, Costa AC (2004) Gait dynamics in trisomic mice: quantitative neurological traits of Down syndrome. Physiol Behav 82: 381-389.
    • (2004) Physiol Behav , vol.82 , pp. 381-389
    • Hampton, T.G.1    Stasko, M.R.2    Kale, A.3    Amende, I.4    Costa, A.C.5
  • 151
    • 0015851755 scopus 로고
    • Anatomic connections of the fastigial nucleus to the rostral forebrain in the cat
    • Harper JW, Heath RG (1973) Anatomic connections of the fastigial nucleus to the rostral forebrain in the cat. Exp Neurol 39: 285-292.
    • (1973) Exp Neurol , vol.39 , pp. 285-292
    • Harper, J.W.1    Heath, R.G.2
  • 152
    • 0036684794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specialization in the left prefrontal cortex for sentence comprehension
    • Hashimoto R, Sakai KL (2002) Specialization in the left prefrontal cortex for sentence comprehension. Neuron 35: 589-597.
    • (2002) Neuron , vol.35 , pp. 589-597
    • Hashimoto, R.1    Sakai, K.L.2
  • 155
    • 0038687195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive behavior and cognitive function of adults with Down syndrome: Modeling change with age
    • Hawkins BA, Eklund SJ, James DR, Foose AK (2003) Adaptive behavior and cognitive function of adults with Down syndrome: modeling change with age. Ment Retard 41: 7-28.
    • (2003) Ment Retard , vol.41 , pp. 7-28
    • Hawkins, B.A.1    Eklund, S.J.2    James, D.R.3    Foose, A.K.4
  • 156
    • 68949114441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocrine and musculoskeletal abnormalities in patients with Down syndrome
    • Hawli Y, Nasrallah M, El-Hajj Fuleihan G (2009) Endocrine and musculoskeletal abnormalities in patients with Down syndrome. Nat Rev Endocrinol 5: 327-334.
    • (2009) Nat Rev Endocrinol , vol.5 , pp. 327-334
    • Hawli, Y.1    Nasrallah, M.2    El-Hajj Fuleihan, G.3
  • 157
    • 0015878016 scopus 로고
    • Fastigial nucleus connections to the septal region in monkey and cat: A demonstration with evoked potentials of a bilateral pathway
    • Heath RG (1973) Fastigial nucleus connections to the septal region in monkey and cat: a demonstration with evoked potentials of a bilateral pathway. Biol Psychiatry 6: 193-196.
    • (1973) Biol Psychiatry , vol.6 , pp. 193-196
    • Heath, R.G.1
  • 158
    • 0016278230 scopus 로고
    • Ascending projections of the cerebellar fastigial nucleus to the hippocampus, amygdala, and other temporal lobe sites: Evoked potential and histological studies in monkeys and cats
    • Heath RG, Harper JW (1974) Ascending projections of the cerebellar fastigial nucleus to the hippocampus, amygdala, and other temporal lobe sites: evoked potential and histological studies in monkeys and cats. Exp Neurol 45: 268-287.
    • (1974) Exp Neurol , vol.45 , pp. 268-287
    • Heath, R.G.1    Harper, J.W.2
  • 159
    • 0018077823 scopus 로고
    • Cerebellar stimulation: Effects on septal region, hippocampus, and amygdala of cats and rats
    • Heath RG, Dempesy CW, Fontana CJ, Myers WA (1978) Cerebellar stimulation: effects on septal region, hippocampus, and amygdala of cats and rats. Biol Psychiatry 13: 501-529.
    • (1978) Biol Psychiatry , vol.13 , pp. 501-529
    • Heath, R.G.1    Dempesy, C.W.2    Fontana, C.J.3    Myers, W.A.4
  • 160
    • 0018820786 scopus 로고
    • Feedback loop between cerebellum and septal-hippocampal sites: Its role in emotion and epilepsy
    • Heath RG, Dempesy CW, Fontana CJ, Fitzjarrell AT (1980) Feedback loop between cerebellum and septal-hippocampal sites: its role in emotion and epilepsy. Biol Psychiatry 15: 541-556.
    • (1980) Biol Psychiatry , vol.15 , pp. 541-556
    • Heath, R.G.1    Dempesy, C.W.2    Fontana, C.J.3    Fitzjarrell, A.T.4
  • 163
    • 0032870710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory morbidity of hospitalized children with Trisomy 21
    • Hilton JM, Fitzgerald DA, Cooper DM (1999) Respiratory morbidity of hospitalized children with Trisomy 21. Paediatr Child Health 35: 383-386.
    • (1999) Paediatr Child Health , vol.35 , pp. 383-386
    • Hilton, J.M.1    Fitzgerald, D.A.2    Cooper, D.M.3
  • 164
    • 0028948391 scopus 로고
    • Age-related distribution of neuropathologic changes in the cerebral cortex of patients with Down's syndrome. Quantitative regional analysis and comparison with Alzheimer's disease
    • Hof PR, Bouras C, Perl DP, Sparks DL, Mehta N, Morrison JH (1995) Age-related distribution of neuropathologic changes in the cerebral cortex of patients with Down's syndrome. Quantitative regional analysis and comparison with Alzheimer's disease. Arch Neurol 52: 379-391.
    • (1995) Arch Neurol , vol.52 , pp. 379-391
    • Hof, P.R.1    Bouras, C.2    Perl, D.P.3    Sparks, D.L.4    Mehta, N.5    Morrison, J.H.6
  • 165
    • 0142041417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The specificity of environmental influence: Socioeconomic status affects early vocabulary development via maternal speech
    • Hoff E (2003) The specificity of environmental influence: socioeconomic status affects early vocabulary development via maternal speech. Child Dev 74: 1368-1378.
    • (2003) Child Dev , vol.74 , pp. 1368-1378
    • Hoff, E.1
  • 166
    • 0025145143 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral metabolic pattern in young adult Down's syndrome subjects: Altered intercorrelations between regional rates of glucose utilization
    • Horwitz B, Schapiro MB, Grady CL, Rapoport SI (1990) Cerebral metabolic pattern in young adult Down's syndrome subjects: altered intercorrelations between regional rates of glucose utilization. J Ment Defic Res 34: 237-252.
    • (1990) J Ment Defic Res , vol.34 , pp. 237-252
    • Horwitz, B.1    Schapiro, M.B.2    Grady, C.L.3    Rapoport, S.I.4
  • 167
    • 33845411954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AMPAR removal underlies Abeta-induced synaptic depression and dendritic spine loss
    • Hsieh H, Boehm J, Sato C, Iwatsubo T, Tomita T, Sisodia S, Malinow R (2006) AMPAR removal underlies Abeta-induced synaptic depression and dendritic spine loss. Neuron 52: 831-843.
    • (2006) Neuron , vol.52 , pp. 831-843
    • Hsieh, H.1    Boehm, J.2    Sato, C.3    Iwatsubo, T.4    Tomita, T.5    Sisodia, S.6    Malinow, R.7
  • 168
    • 0026767361 scopus 로고
    • Increased expression of beta-amyloid precursor protein during neuronal differentiation is not accompanied by secretory cleavage
    • Hung AY, Koo EH, Haass C, Selkoe DJ (1992) Increased expression of beta-amyloid precursor protein during neuronal differentiation is not accompanied by secretory cleavage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 89: 9439-9443.
    • (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.89 , pp. 9439-9443
    • Hung, A.Y.1    Koo, E.H.2    Haass, C.3    Selkoe, D.J.4
  • 169
    • 0018376668 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic density in human frontal cortex-developmental changes and effects of aging
    • Huttenlocher PR (1979) Synaptic density in human frontal cortex-developmental changes and effects of aging. Brain Res 163: 195-205.
    • (1979) Brain Res , vol.163 , pp. 195-205
    • Huttenlocher, P.R.1
  • 170
    • 0020262681 scopus 로고
    • Synaptogenesis in human visual cortex-evidence for synapse elimination during normal development
    • Huttenlocher PR, de Courten C, Garey LJ, Van der Loos H (1982) Synaptogenesis in human visual cortex-evidence for synapse elimination during normal development. Neurosci Lett 33: 247-252.
    • (1982) Neurosci Lett , vol.33 , pp. 247-252
    • Huttenlocher, P.R.1    de Courten, C.2    Garey, L.J.3    Van der Loos, H.4
  • 171
    • 0035825304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ts65Dn mice, a model for Down syndrome, have deficits in context discrimination learning suggesting impaired hippocampal function
    • Hyde LA, Frisone DF, Crnic LS (2001) Ts65Dn mice, a model for Down syndrome, have deficits in context discrimination learning suggesting impaired hippocampal function. Behav Brain Res 118: 53-60.
    • (2001) Behav Brain Res , vol.118 , pp. 53-60
    • Hyde, L.A.1    Frisone, D.F.2    Crnic, L.S.3
  • 172
    • 84908244597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A "cure" for Down syndrome: What do parents want?
    • Inglis A, Lohn Z, Austin JC, Hippman C (2014) A "cure" for Down syndrome: What do parents want? Clin Genet 86: 310-317.
    • (2014) Clin Genet , vol.86 , pp. 310-317
    • Inglis, A.1    Lohn, Z.2    Austin, J.C.3    Hippman, C.4
  • 174
    • 84882680795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical role of the hippocampus in memory for elapsed time
    • Jacobs NS, Allen TA, Nguyen N, Fortin NJ (2013) Critical role of the hippocampus in memory for elapsed time. J Neurosci 33: 13888-13893.
    • (2013) J Neurosci , vol.33 , pp. 13888-13893
    • Jacobs, N.S.1    Allen, T.A.2    Nguyen, N.3    Fortin, N.J.4
  • 176
    • 84856228887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain activation during spatial updating and attentive tracking of moving targets
    • Jahn G, Wendt J, Lotze M, Papenmeier F, Huff M (2012) Brain activation during spatial updating and attentive tracking of moving targets. Brain Cogn 78: 105-113.
    • (2012) Brain Cogn , vol.78 , pp. 105-113
    • Jahn, G.1    Wendt, J.2    Lotze, M.3    Papenmeier, F.4    Huff, M.5
  • 177
    • 0000244275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term memory for verbal and visuospatial information in Down's syndrome
    • Jarrold C, Baddeley AD (1997) Short-term memory for verbal and visuospatial information in Down's syndrome. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2: 101-122.
    • (1997) Cogn Neuropsychiatry , vol.2 , pp. 101-122
    • Jarrold, C.1    Baddeley, A.D.2
  • 178
    • 0035490050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term memory in Down syndrome: Applying the working memory model
    • Jarrold C, Baddeley AD (2001) Short-term memory in Down syndrome: applying the working memory model. Downs Syndr Res Pract 7: 17-23.
    • (2001) Downs Syndr Res Pract , vol.7 , pp. 17-23
    • Jarrold, C.1    Baddeley, A.D.2
  • 179
    • 0034014457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Verbal short-term memory deficits in Down syndrome: A consequence of problems in rehearsal?
    • Jarrold C, Baddeley AD, Hewes AK (2000) Verbal short-term memory deficits in Down syndrome: a consequence of problems in rehearsal? J Child Psychol Psychiatry 41: 233-244.
    • (2000) J Child Psychol Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 233-244
    • Jarrold, C.1    Baddeley, A.D.2    Hewes, A.K.3
  • 180
    • 0035985386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Verbal short-term memory in Down syndrome: A problem of memory, audition, or speech?
    • Jarrold C, Baddeley AD, Phillips CE (2002) Verbal short-term memory in Down syndrome: a problem of memory, audition, or speech? J Speech Lang Hear Res 45: 531-544.
    • (2002) J Speech Lang Hear Res , vol.45 , pp. 531-544
    • Jarrold, C.1    Baddeley, A.D.2    Phillips, C.E.3
  • 181
    • 78449256341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prefrontal and medial temporal lobe activity at encoding predicts temporal context memory
    • Jenkins LJ, Ranganath C (2010) Prefrontal and medial temporal lobe activity at encoding predicts temporal context memory. J Neurosci 30: 15558-15565.
    • (2010) J Neurosci , vol.30 , pp. 15558-15565
    • Jenkins, L.J.1    Ranganath, C.2
  • 184
    • 0035407040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional brain development in humans
    • Johnson MH (2001) Functional brain development in humans. Nat Rev Neurosci 2: 475-483.
    • (2001) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.2 , pp. 475-483
    • Johnson, M.H.1
  • 185
    • 58849163660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amyloid beta concentrations in older people with Down syndrome and dementia
    • Jones EL, Hanney M, Francis PT, Ballard CG (2009) Amyloid beta concentrations in older people with Down syndrome and dementia. Neurosci Lett 451: 162-164.
    • (2009) Neurosci Lett , vol.451 , pp. 162-164
    • Jones, E.L.1    Hanney, M.2    Francis, P.T.3    Ballard, C.G.4
  • 188
    • 0036855868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Word-length effect in verbal short-term memory in individuals with Down's syndrome
    • Kanno K, Ikeda Y (2002) Word-length effect in verbal short-term memory in individuals with Down's syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res 46: 613-618.
    • (2002) J Intellect Disabil Res , vol.46 , pp. 613-618
    • Kanno, K.1    Ikeda, Y.2
  • 189
    • 17844386841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal activations during encoding and retrieval in a verbal working memory paradigm
    • Karlsgodt KH, Shirinyan D, van Erp TG, Cohen MS, Cannon TD (2005) Hippocampal activations during encoding and retrieval in a verbal working memory paradigm. Neuroimage 25: 1224-1231.
    • (2005) Neuroimage , vol.25 , pp. 1224-1231
    • Karlsgodt, K.H.1    Shirinyan, D.2    van Erp, T.G.3    Cohen, M.S.4    Cannon, T.D.5
  • 190
    • 0031714939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development itself is the key to understanding developmental disorders
    • Karmiloff-Smith A (1998) Development itself is the key to understanding developmental disorders. Trends Cogn Sci 2: 389-398.
    • (1998) Trends Cogn Sci , vol.2 , pp. 389-398
    • Karmiloff-Smith, A.1
  • 191
    • 17844370786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Task-related social behavior in children with Down syndrome
    • Kasari C, Freeman SF (2001) Task-related social behavior in children with Down syndrome. Am J Ment Retard 106: 253-264.
    • (2001) Am J Ment Retard , vol.106 , pp. 253-264
    • Kasari, C.1    Freeman, S.F.2
  • 192
    • 0025815971 scopus 로고
    • Memory for spatial location in retarded and nonretarded persons
    • Katz ER, Ellis NR (1991) Memory for spatial location in retarded and nonretarded persons. J Ment Defic Res 35: 209-220.
    • (1991) J Ment Defic Res , vol.35 , pp. 209-220
    • Katz, E.R.1    Ellis, N.R.2
  • 193
    • 0027954026 scopus 로고
    • Item and order dissociation in humans with prefrontal cortex damage
    • Kesner RP, Hopkins RO, Fineman B (1994) Item and order dissociation in humans with prefrontal cortex damage. Neuropsychologia 32: 881-891.
    • (1994) Neuropsychologia , vol.32 , pp. 881-891
    • Kesner, R.P.1    Hopkins, R.O.2    Fineman, B.3
  • 195
    • 84908602810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Within-subjects design
    • Salkind N (ed), Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA
    • Kim J (2010) Within-subjects design. In: Salkind N (ed) Encyclopedia of research design. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA, pp 1639-1645.
    • (2010) Encyclopedia of research design , pp. 1639-1645
    • Kim, J.1
  • 196
    • 84884630099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human LilrB2 is a β-amyloid receptor and its murine homolog PirB regulates synaptic plasticity in an Alzheimer's model
    • Kim T, Vidal GS, Djurisic M, William CM, Birnbaum ME, Garcia KC, Hyman BT, Shatz CJ (2013) Human LilrB2 is a β-amyloid receptor and its murine homolog PirB regulates synaptic plasticity in an Alzheimer's model. Science 341: 1399-1404.
    • (2013) Science , vol.341 , pp. 1399-1404
    • Kim, T.1    Vidal, G.S.2    Djurisic, M.3    William, C.M.4    Birnbaum, M.E.5    Garcia, K.C.6    Hyman, B.T.7    Shatz, C.J.8
  • 197
    • 84893804631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid dysfunction in children with Down syndrome: A literature review
    • King K, O'Gorman C, Gallagher S (2014) Thyroid dysfunction in children with Down syndrome: a literature review. Ir J Med Sci 183: 1-6.
    • (2014) Ir J Med Sci , vol.183 , pp. 1-6
    • King, K.1    O'Gorman, C.2    Gallagher, S.3
  • 198
    • 0035698674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential development of attention and executive functions in 3-to 12-year-old Finnish children
    • Klenberg L, Korkman M, Lahti-Nuuttila P (2001) Differential development of attention and executive functions in 3-to 12-year-old Finnish children. Dev Neuropsychol 20: 407-428.
    • (2001) Dev Neuropsychol , vol.20 , pp. 407-428
    • Klenberg, L.1    Korkman, M.2    Lahti-Nuuttila, P.3
  • 199
    • 0035409586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of self-regulation in the first four years of life
    • Kochanska G, Coy KC, Murray KT (2001) The development of self-regulation in the first four years of life. Child Dev 72: 1091-1111.
    • (2001) Child Dev , vol.72 , pp. 1091-1111
    • Kochanska, G.1    Coy, K.C.2    Murray, K.T.3
  • 200
    • 0020503846 scopus 로고
    • Strategy production by young Down syndrome children
    • Kopp CB, Krakow JB, Johnson KL (1983) Strategy production by young Down syndrome children. Am J Ment Defic 88: 164-169.
    • (1983) Am J Ment Defic , vol.88 , pp. 164-169
    • Kopp, C.B.1    Krakow, J.B.2    Johnson, K.L.3
  • 201
    • 84873860409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishing equivalence: Methodological progress in groupmatching design and analysis
    • Kover ST, Atwood AK (2013) Establishing equivalence: methodological progress in groupmatching design and analysis. Am J Intellect Dev Disabil 118: 3-15.
    • (2013) Am J Intellect Dev Disabil , vol.118 , pp. 3-15
    • Kover, S.T.1    Atwood, A.K.2
  • 203
    • 0033595202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • APOE genotype and gender effects on Alzheimer disease in 100 adults with Down syndrome
    • Lai F, Kammann E, Rebeck GW, Anderson A, Chen Y, Nixon RA (1999) APOE genotype and gender effects on Alzheimer disease in 100 adults with Down syndrome. Neurology 53: 331-336.
    • (1999) Neurology , vol.53 , pp. 331-336
    • Lai, F.1    Kammann, E.2    Rebeck, G.W.3    Anderson, A.4    Chen, Y.5    Nixon, R.A.6
  • 205
    • 0024614856 scopus 로고
    • Joint attention and infant toy exploration: Effects of Down syndrome and prematurity
    • Landry SH, Chapieski ML (1989) Joint attention and infant toy exploration: effects of Down syndrome and prematurity. Child Dev 60: 103-118.
    • (1989) Child Dev , vol.60 , pp. 103-118
    • Landry, S.H.1    Chapieski, M.L.2
  • 206
    • 65449117628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A specific deficit in visuospatial simultaneous working memory in Down syndrome
    • Lanfranchi S, Carretti B, Spanò G, Cornoldi C (2009) A specific deficit in visuospatial simultaneous working memory in Down syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res 53: 474-483.
    • (2009) J Intellect Disabil Res , vol.53 , pp. 474-483
    • Lanfranchi, S.1    Carretti, B.2    Spanò, G.3    Cornoldi, C.4
  • 207
    • 0036383397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finger coordination in persons with Down syndrome: Atypical patterns of coordination and the effects of practice
    • Latash ML, Kang N, Patterson D (2002) Finger coordination in persons with Down syndrome: atypical patterns of coordination and the effects of practice. Exp Brain Res 146: 345-355.
    • (2002) Exp Brain Res , vol.146 , pp. 345-355
    • Latash, M.L.1    Kang, N.2    Patterson, D.3
  • 208
    • 0042093737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Working memory in children and adolescents with Down syndrome: Evidence from a colour memory experiment
    • Laws G (2002) Working memory in children and adolescents with Down syndrome: evidence from a colour memory experiment. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 43: 353-364.
    • (2002) J Child Psychol Psychiatry , vol.43 , pp. 353-364
    • Laws, G.1
  • 209
    • 1242321352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phonological memory as a predictor of language comprehension in Down syndrome: A five-year follow-up study
    • Laws G, Gunn D (2004) Phonological memory as a predictor of language comprehension in Down syndrome: a five-year follow-up study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 45: 326-337.
    • (2004) J Child Psychol Psychiatry , vol.45 , pp. 326-337
    • Laws, G.1    Gunn, D.2
  • 210
    • 40849123762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microstructural maturation of the human brain from childhood to adulthood
    • Lebel C, Walker L, Leemans A, Phillips L, Beaulieu C (2008) Microstructural maturation of the human brain from childhood to adulthood. Neuroimage 40: 1044-1055.
    • (2008) Neuroimage , vol.40 , pp. 1044-1055
    • Lebel, C.1    Walker, L.2    Leemans, A.3    Phillips, L.4    Beaulieu, C.5
  • 212
    • 0030007964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence of deposition of heterogeneous amyloid beta-peptides and APO E in Down syndrome: Implications for initial events in amyloid plaque formation
    • Lemere CA, Blusztajn JK, Yamaguchi H, Wisniewski T, Saido TC, Selkoe DJ (1996) Sequence of deposition of heterogeneous amyloid beta-peptides and APO E in Down syndrome: implications for initial events in amyloid plaque formation. Neurobiol Dis 3: 16-32.
    • (1996) Neurobiol Dis , vol.3 , pp. 16-32
    • Lemere, C.A.1    Blusztajn, J.K.2    Yamaguchi, H.3    Wisniewski, T.4    Saido, T.C.5    Selkoe, D.J.6
  • 213
    • 17544399111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early amyloid deposition in the medial temporal lobe of young Down syndrome patients: A regional quantitative analysis
    • Leverenz JB, Raskind MA (1998) Early amyloid deposition in the medial temporal lobe of young Down syndrome patients: a regional quantitative analysis. Exp Neurol 150: 296-304.
    • (1998) Exp Neurol , vol.150 , pp. 296-304
    • Leverenz, J.B.1    Raskind, M.A.2
  • 215
    • 0022395532 scopus 로고
    • Hearing disorder and cognitive function of individuals with Down syndrome
    • Libb JW, Dahle A, Smith K, McCollister FP, McLain C (1985) Hearing disorder and cognitive function of individuals with Down syndrome. Am J Ment Defic 90: 353-356.
    • (1985) Am J Ment Defic , vol.90 , pp. 353-356
    • Libb, J.W.1    Dahle, A.2    Smith, K.3    McCollister, F.P.4    McLain, C.5
  • 216
    • 0027424875 scopus 로고
    • Prefrontal neocortical disturbances in mental retardation
    • Lögdberg B, Brun A (1993) Prefrontal neocortical disturbances in mental retardation. J Intellect Disabil Res 37: 459-468.
    • (1993) J Intellect Disabil Res , vol.37 , pp. 459-468
    • Lögdberg, B.1    Brun, A.2
  • 217
    • 33746585652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal hypocellularity in the Ts65Dn mouse originates early in development
    • Lorenzi HA, Reeves RH (2006) Hippocampal hypocellularity in the Ts65Dn mouse originates early in development. Brain Res 1104: 153-159.
    • (2006) Brain Res , vol.1104 , pp. 153-159
    • Lorenzi, H.A.1    Reeves, R.H.2
  • 221
    • 0026470004 scopus 로고
    • Hearing abilities of Down syndrome and other mentally handicapped adolescents
    • Marcell MM, Cohen S (1992) Hearing abilities of Down syndrome and other mentally handicapped adolescents. Res Dev Disabil 13: 533-551.
    • (1992) Res Dev Disabil , vol.13 , pp. 533-551
    • Marcell, M.M.1    Cohen, S.2
  • 222
    • 0023885902 scopus 로고
    • Short-term memory difficulties and Down's syndrome
    • Marcell MM, Weeks SL (1988) Short-term memory difficulties and Down's syndrome. J Ment Defic Res 32: 153-162.
    • (1988) J Ment Defic Res , vol.32 , pp. 153-162
    • Marcell, M.M.1    Weeks, S.L.2
  • 223
    • 77957021428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional topography of the cerebellum in verbal working memory
    • Marvel CL, Desmond JE (2010) Functional topography of the cerebellum in verbal working memory. Neuropsychol Rev 20: 271-279.
    • (2010) Neuropsychol Rev , vol.20 , pp. 271-279
    • Marvel, C.L.1    Desmond, J.E.2
  • 224
    • 79961133338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiology of clinical dysfunction of the cerebellum
    • Massaquoi SG (2012) Physiology of clinical dysfunction of the cerebellum. Handb Clin Neurol 103: 37-62.
    • (2012) Handb Clin Neurol , vol.103 , pp. 37-62
    • Massaquoi, S.G.1
  • 225
    • 78651515309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary complications of Down syndrome during childhood
    • McDowell KM, Craven DI (2011) Pulmonary complications of Down syndrome during childhood. J Pediatr 158: 319-325.
    • (2011) J Pediatr , vol.158 , pp. 319-325
    • McDowell, K.M.1    Craven, D.I.2
  • 226
    • 0038369866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma amyloid beta protein 1-42 levels are increased in old Down syndrome but not in young Down syndrome
    • Mehta PD, Mehta SP, Fedor B, Patrick BA, Emmerling M, Dalton AJ (2003) Plasma amyloid beta protein 1-42 levels are increased in old Down syndrome but not in young Down syndrome. Neurosci Lett 342: 155-158.
    • (2003) Neurosci Lett , vol.342 , pp. 155-158
    • Mehta, P.D.1    Mehta, S.P.2    Fedor, B.3    Patrick, B.A.4    Emmerling, M.5    Dalton, A.J.6
  • 227
    • 33847304909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased amyloid beta protein levels in children and adolescents with Down syndrome
    • Mehta PD, Capone G, Jewell A, Freedland RL (2007) Increased amyloid beta protein levels in children and adolescents with Down syndrome. J Neurol Sci 254: 22-27.
    • (2007) J Neurol Sci , vol.254 , pp. 22-27
    • Mehta, P.D.1    Capone, G.2    Jewell, A.3    Freedland, R.L.4
  • 228
    • 79958224719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between brain and cognitive processes in Down syndrome
    • Menghini D, Costanzo F, Vicari S (2011) Relationship between brain and cognitive processes in Down syndrome. Behav Genet 41: 381-393.
    • (2011) Behav Genet , vol.41 , pp. 381-393
    • Menghini, D.1    Costanzo, F.2    Vicari, S.3
  • 229
    • 0032603080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methodological issues in cross-syndrome comparisons: Matching procedures, sensitivity (Se), and specificity (Sp)
    • Mervis CB, Robinson BF (1999) Methodological issues in cross-syndrome comparisons: matching procedures, sensitivity (Se), and specificity (Sp). Monogr Soc Res Child Dev 64: 115-130.
    • (1999) Monogr Soc Res Child Dev , vol.64 , pp. 115-130
    • Mervis, C.B.1    Robinson, B.F.2
  • 230
    • 0035863206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebellar projections to the prefrontal cortex of the primate
    • Middleton FA, Strick PL (2001) Cerebellar projections to the prefrontal cortex of the primate. J Neurosci 21: 700-712.
    • (2001) J Neurosci , vol.21 , pp. 700-712
    • Middleton, F.A.1    Strick, P.L.2
  • 231
    • 0036162047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Narrative content as described by individuals with Down syndrome and typically developing children
    • Miles S, Chapman RS (2002) Narrative content as described by individuals with Down syndrome and typically developing children. J Speech Lang Hear Res 45: 175-189.
    • (2002) J Speech Lang Hear Res , vol.45 , pp. 175-189
    • Miles, S.1    Chapman, R.S.2
  • 232
    • 0034928713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function
    • Miller EK, Cohen JD (2001) An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function. Annu Rev Neurosci 24: 167-202.
    • (2001) Annu Rev Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 167-202
    • Miller, E.K.1    Cohen, J.D.2
  • 234
    • 16344368312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sentence comprehension in adolescents with Down syndrome and typically developing children: Role of sentence voice, visual context, and auditory-verbal short-term memory
    • Miolo G, Chapman RS, Sindberg HA (2005) Sentence comprehension in adolescents with Down syndrome and typically developing children: role of sentence voice, visual context, and auditory-verbal short-term memory. J Speech Lang Hear Res 48: 172-188.
    • (2005) J Speech Lang Hear Res , vol.48 , pp. 172-188
    • Miolo, G.1    Chapman, R.S.2    Sindberg, H.A.3
  • 235
    • 0025888350 scopus 로고
    • Neuropathology in patients with congenital heart disease and Down syndrome
    • Mito T, Pereyra PM, Becker LE (1991) Neuropathology in patients with congenital heart disease and Down syndrome. Pediatr Pathol 11: 867-877.
    • (1991) Pediatr Pathol , vol.11 , pp. 867-877
    • Mito, T.1    Pereyra, P.M.2    Becker, L.E.3
  • 236
    • 80052282568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatally detectable congenital heart defects in fetuses with Down syndrome
    • Mogra R, Zidere V, Allan LD (2011) Prenatally detectable congenital heart defects in fetuses with Down syndrome. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 38: 320-324.
    • (2011) Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol , vol.38 , pp. 320-324
    • Mogra, R.1    Zidere, V.2    Allan, L.D.3
  • 237
    • 77953779691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perinatal choline supplementation improves cognitive functioning and emotion regulation in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome
    • Moon J, Chen M, Gandhy SU, Strawderman M, Levitsky DA, Maclean KN, Strupp BJ (2010) Perinatal choline supplementation improves cognitive functioning and emotion regulation in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome. Behav Neurosci 124: 346-361.
    • (2010) Behav Neurosci , vol.124 , pp. 346-361
    • Moon, J.1    Chen, M.2    Gandhy, S.U.3    Strawderman, M.4    Levitsky, D.A.5    Maclean, K.N.6    Strupp, B.J.7
  • 238
    • 33749576059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postnatal lethality and cardiac anomalies in the Ts65Dn Down syndrome mouse model
    • Moore CS (2006) Postnatal lethality and cardiac anomalies in the Ts65Dn Down syndrome mouse model. Mamm Genome 17: 1005-1012.
    • (2006) Mamm Genome , vol.17 , pp. 1005-1012
    • Moore, C.S.1
  • 240
    • 77952530203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Searching for the Hebb effect in Down syndrome: Evidence for a dissociation between verbal short-term memory and domain-general learning of serial order
    • Mosse EK, Jarrold C (2010) Searching for the Hebb effect in Down syndrome: evidence for a dissociation between verbal short-term memory and domain-general learning of serial order. J Intellect Disabil Res 54: 295-307.
    • (2010) J Intellect Disabil Res , vol.54 , pp. 295-307
    • Mosse, E.K.1    Jarrold, C.2
  • 241
    • 0024602541 scopus 로고
    • Age-related changes in the density and morphology of plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in Down syndrome brain
    • Motte J, Williams RS (1989) Age-related changes in the density and morphology of plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in Down syndrome brain. Acta Neuropathol 77: 535-546.
    • (1989) Acta Neuropathol , vol.77 , pp. 535-546
    • Motte, J.1    Williams, R.S.2
  • 242
    • 79955482986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for functional specialization of hippocampal subfields detected by MR subfield volumetry on high resolution images at 4 T
    • Mueller SG, Chao LL, Berman B, Weiner MW (2011) Evidence for functional specialization of hippocampal subfields detected by MR subfield volumetry on high resolution images at 4 T. Neuroimage 56: 851-857.
    • (2011) Neuroimage , vol.56 , pp. 851-857
    • Mueller, S.G.1    Chao, L.L.2    Berman, B.3    Weiner, M.W.4
  • 243
    • 34249103591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex contributes to successful relational memory encoding
    • Murray LJ, Ranganath C (2007) The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex contributes to successful relational memory encoding. J Neurosci 27: 5515-5522.
    • (2007) J Neurosci , vol.27 , pp. 5515-5522
    • Murray, L.J.1    Ranganath, C.2
  • 244
    • 0025950987 scopus 로고
    • A mutation in the amyloid precursor protein associated with hereditary Alzheimer's disease
    • Murrell J, Farlow M, Ghetti B, Benson MD (1991) A mutation in the amyloid precursor protein associated with hereditary Alzheimer's disease. Science 254: 97-99.
    • (1991) Science , vol.254 , pp. 97-99
    • Murrell, J.1    Farlow, M.2    Ghetti, B.3    Benson, M.D.4
  • 245
    • 84904347704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enriched encoding: Reward motivation organizes cortical networks for hippocampal detection of unexpected events
    • Murty VP, Adcock RA (2013) Enriched encoding: Reward motivation organizes cortical networks for hippocampal detection of unexpected events. Cereb Cortex 24: 2160-2168.
    • (2013) Cereb Cortex , vol.24 , pp. 2160-2168
    • Murty, V.P.1    Adcock, R.A.2
  • 246
    • 0043044902 scopus 로고
    • Down syndrome in neurobiological perspective
    • Epstein CJ (ed), Raven, New York, NY
    • Nadel L (1986) Down syndrome in neurobiological perspective. In: Epstein CJ (ed) The neurobiology of Down syndrome. Raven, New York, NY, pp 239-251.
    • (1986) The neurobiology of Down syndrome , pp. 239-251
    • Nadel, L.1
  • 247
    • 0042025827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Down's syndrome: A genetic disorder in biobehavioral perspective
    • Nadel L (2003) Down's syndrome: a genetic disorder in biobehavioral perspective. Genes Brain Behav 2: 156-166.
    • (2003) Genes Brain Behav , vol.2 , pp. 156-166
    • Nadel, L.1
  • 248
    • 80053653967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language and verbal short-term memory skills in children with Down syndrome: A meta-analytic review
    • Næss KA, Lyster SA, Hulme C, Melby-Lervåg M (2011) Language and verbal short-term memory skills in children with Down syndrome: a meta-analytic review. Res Dev Disabil 32: 2225-2234.
    • (2011) Res Dev Disabil , vol.32 , pp. 2225-2234
    • Næss, K.A.1    Lyster, S.A.2    Hulme, C.3    Melby-Lervåg, M.4
  • 249
    • 0033011992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neonatal ECG screening for congenital heart disease in Down syndrome
    • Narchi H (1999) Neonatal ECG screening for congenital heart disease in Down syndrome. Ann Trop Paediatr 19: 51-54.
    • (1999) Ann Trop Paediatr , vol.19 , pp. 51-54
    • Narchi, H.1
  • 250
    • 0033174679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validity of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale-IV: Its use in young adults with mental retardation
    • NelsonWM 3rd, Dacey CM (1999) Validity of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale-IV: its use in young adults with mental retardation. Ment Retard 37: 319-325.
    • (1999) Ment Retard , vol.37 , pp. 319-325
    • Nelson, W.M.1    Dacey, C.M.2
  • 251
    • 0018332963 scopus 로고
    • Functional relationships between the hippocampus and the cerebellum: An electrophysiological study of the cat
    • Newman PP, Reza H (1979) Functional relationships between the hippocampus and the cerebellum: an electrophysiological study of the cat. J Physiol 287: 405-426.
    • (1979) J Physiol , vol.287 , pp. 405-426
    • Newman, P.P.1    Reza, H.2
  • 252
    • 0037303756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mastery motivation in young children with Down's syndrome: Relations with cognitive and adaptive competence
    • Niccols A, Atkinson L, Pepler D (2003) Mastery motivation in young children with Down's syndrome: relations with cognitive and adaptive competence. J Intellect Disabil Res 47: 121-133.
    • (2003) J Intellect Disabil Res , vol.47 , pp. 121-133
    • Niccols, A.1    Atkinson, L.2    Pepler, D.3
  • 254
    • 84895771428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuromagnetic correlates of intra-and extradimensional set-shifting
    • Oh A, Vidal J, Taylor MJ, Pang EW (2014) Neuromagnetic correlates of intra-and extradimensional set-shifting. Brain Cogn 86: 90-97.
    • (2014) Brain Cogn , vol.86 , pp. 90-97
    • Oh, A.1    Vidal, J.2    Taylor, M.J.3    Pang, E.W.4
  • 255
    • 84864093847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hippocampus supports multiple cognitive processes through relational binding and comparison
    • Olsen RK, Moses SN, Riggs L, Ryan JD (2012) The hippocampus supports multiple cognitive processes through relational binding and comparison. Front Hum Neurosci 6: 146.
    • (2012) Front Hum Neurosci , vol.6
    • Olsen, R.K.1    Moses, S.N.2    Riggs, L.3    Ryan, J.D.4
  • 259
    • 84859259713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of cerebellar sensorimotor adaptation to hippocampal spatial memory
    • Passot JB, Sheynikhovich D, Duvelle É, Arleo A (2012) Contribution of cerebellar sensorimotor adaptation to hippocampal spatial memory. PLoS One 7: e32560.
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7
    • Passot, J.B.1    Sheynikhovich, D.2    Duvelle, É.3    Arleo, A.4
  • 260
    • 78650213615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of variants within APOE, SORL1, RUNX1, BACE1 and ALDH18A1 with dementia in Alzheimer's disease in subjects with Down syndrome
    • Patel A, Rees SD, Kelly MA, Bain SC, Barnett AH, Thalitaya D, Prasher VP (2011) Association of variants within APOE, SORL1, RUNX1, BACE1 and ALDH18A1 with dementia in Alzheimer's disease in subjects with Down syndrome. Neurosci Lett 487: 144-148.
    • (2011) Neurosci Lett , vol.487 , pp. 144-148
    • Patel, A.1    Rees, S.D.2    Kelly, M.A.3    Bain, S.C.4    Barnett, A.H.5    Thalitaya, D.6    Prasher, V.P.7
  • 261
    • 35348987032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic mechanisms involved in the phenotype of Down syndrome
    • Patterson D (2007) Genetic mechanisms involved in the phenotype of Down syndrome. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 13: 199-206.
    • (2007) Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev , vol.13 , pp. 199-206
    • Patterson, D.1
  • 262
    • 84875488323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review of cognitive development across childhood in Down syndrome: Implications for treatment interventions
    • Patterson T, Rapsey CM, Glue P (2013) Systematic review of cognitive development across childhood in Down syndrome: implications for treatment interventions. J Intellect Disabil Res 57: 306-318.
    • (2013) J Intellect Disabil Res , vol.57 , pp. 306-318
    • Patterson, T.1    Rapsey, C.M.2    Glue, P.3
  • 263
    • 0015893254 scopus 로고
    • Histochemical demonstration of a direct pathway from the fastigial nucleus to the septal region
    • Paul SM, Heath RG, Ellison JP (1973) Histochemical demonstration of a direct pathway from the fastigial nucleus to the septal region. Exp Neurol 40: 798-805.
    • (1973) Exp Neurol , vol.40 , pp. 798-805
    • Paul, S.M.1    Heath, R.G.2    Ellison, J.P.3
  • 264
    • 0027483401 scopus 로고
    • The neural correlates of the verbal component of working memory
    • Paulesu E, Frith CD, Frackowiak RS (1993) The neural correlates of the verbal component of working memory. Nature 362: 342-345.
    • (1993) Nature , vol.362 , pp. 342-345
    • Paulesu, E.1    Frith, C.D.2    Frackowiak, R.S.3
  • 265
    • 0038687498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neuropsychology of Down syndrome: Evidence for hippocampal dysfunction
    • Pennington BF, Moon J, Edgin J, Stedron J, Nadel L (2003) The neuropsychology of Down syndrome: evidence for hippocampal dysfunction. Child Dev 74: 75-93.
    • (2003) Child Dev , vol.74 , pp. 75-93
    • Pennington, B.F.1    Moon, J.2    Edgin, J.3    Stedron, J.4    Nadel, L.5
  • 267
    • 0021323956 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic development in the human fetus: A morphometric analysis of normal and Down's syndrome neocortex
    • Petit TL, LeBoutillier JC, Alfano DP, Becker LE (1984) Synaptic development in the human fetus: a morphometric analysis of normal and Down's syndrome neocortex. Exp Neurol 83: 13-23.
    • (1984) Exp Neurol , vol.83 , pp. 13-23
    • Petit, T.L.1    LeBoutillier, J.C.2    Alfano, D.P.3    Becker, L.E.4
  • 268
    • 21844503139 scopus 로고
    • Reactions of young children with Down's syndrome to an impossible task
    • Pitcairn TK, Wishart JG (1994) Reactions of young children with Down's syndrome to an impossible task. Br J Dev Psychol 12: 485-489.
    • (1994) Br J Dev Psychol , vol.12 , pp. 485-489
    • Pitcairn, T.K.1    Wishart, J.G.2
  • 269
    • 0035872772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of comparative physical and sequence mapping to annotate mouse chromosome 16 and human chromosome 21
    • Pletcher MT, Wiltshire T, Cabin DE, Villanueva M, Reeves RH (2001) Use of comparative physical and sequence mapping to annotate mouse chromosome 16 and human chromosome 21. Genomics 74: 45-54.
    • (2001) Genomics , vol.74 , pp. 45-54
    • Pletcher, M.T.1    Wiltshire, T.2    Cabin, D.E.3    Villanueva, M.4    Reeves, R.H.5
  • 271
    • 0030821988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ApoE genotype and Alzheimer's disease in adults with Down syndrome: Meta-analysis
    • Prasher VP, Chowdhury TA, Rowe BR, Bain SC (1997) ApoE genotype and Alzheimer's disease in adults with Down syndrome: meta-analysis. Am J Ment Retard 102: 103-110.
    • (1997) Am J Ment Retard , vol.102 , pp. 103-110
    • Prasher, V.P.1    Chowdhury, T.A.2    Rowe, B.R.3    Bain, S.C.4
  • 272
    • 58649119608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Significant effect of APOE epsilon 4 genotype on the risk of dementia in Alzheimer's disease and mortality in persons with Down syndrome
    • Prasher VP, Sajith SG, Rees SD, Patel A, Tewari S, Schupf N, Zigman WB (2008) Significant effect of APOE epsilon 4 genotype on the risk of dementia in Alzheimer's disease and mortality in persons with Down syndrome. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 23: 1134-1140.
    • (2008) Int J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.23 , pp. 1134-1140
    • Prasher, V.P.1    Sajith, S.G.2    Rees, S.D.3    Patel, A.4    Tewari, S.5    Schupf, N.6    Zigman, W.B.7
  • 275
    • 16244410472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired verbal short-term memory in Down syndrome reflects a capacity limitation rather than atypically rapid forgetting
    • Purser HR, Jarrold C (2005) Impaired verbal short-term memory in Down syndrome reflects a capacity limitation rather than atypically rapid forgetting. J Exp Child Psychol 91: 1-23.
    • (2005) J Exp Child Psychol , vol.91 , pp. 1-23
    • Purser, H.R.1    Jarrold, C.2
  • 276
    • 84874503384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poor phonemic discrimination does not underlie poor verbal shortterm memory in Down syndrome
    • Purser HR, Jarrold C (2013) Poor phonemic discrimination does not underlie poor verbal shortterm memory in Down syndrome. J Exp Child Psychol 115: 1-15.
    • (2013) J Exp Child Psychol , vol.115 , pp. 1-15
    • Purser, H.R.1    Jarrold, C.2
  • 277
    • 33745635032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The primate cortico-cerebellar system: Anatomy and function
    • Ramnani N (2006) The primate cortico-cerebellar system: anatomy and function. Nat Rev Neurosci 7: 511-522.
    • (2006) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.7 , pp. 511-522
    • Ramnani, N.1
  • 279
    • 0037210708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prefrontal activity associated with working memory and episodic long-term memory
    • Ranganath C, Johnson MK, D'Esposito M (2003) Prefrontal activity associated with working memory and episodic long-term memory. Neuropsychologia 41: 378-389.
    • (2003) Neuropsychologia , vol.41 , pp. 378-389
    • Ranganath, C.1    Johnson, M.K.2    D'Esposito, M.3
  • 281
    • 2942585030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional dissociations within the inferior parietal cortex in verbal working memory
    • Ravizza SM, Delgado MR, Chein JM, Becker JT, Fiez JA (2004) Functional dissociations within the inferior parietal cortex in verbal working memory. Neuroimage 22: 562-573.
    • (2004) Neuroimage , vol.22 , pp. 562-573
    • Ravizza, S.M.1    Delgado, M.R.2    Chein, J.M.3    Becker, J.T.4    Fiez, J.A.5
  • 284
    • 0035748687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Down's syndrome. A complicated genetic insult
    • Reeves RH (2001) Down's syndrome. A complicated genetic insult. Lancet 358: S23.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.358
    • Reeves, R.H.1
  • 287
    • 0031571175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-resolution recombinational map of mouse chromosome 16
    • Reeves RH, Rue EE, Citron MP, Cabin DE (1997) High-resolution recombinational map of mouse chromosome 16. Genomics 43: 202-208.
    • (1997) Genomics , vol.43 , pp. 202-208
    • Reeves, R.H.1    Rue, E.E.2    Citron, M.P.3    Cabin, D.E.4
  • 288
    • 0020052886 scopus 로고
    • Emotional disturbance and mental retardation: Diagnostic overshadowing
    • Reiss S, Levitan GW, Szyszko J (1982) Emotional disturbance and mental retardation: diagnostic overshadowing. Am J Ment Defic 86: 567-574.
    • (1982) Am J Ment Defic , vol.86 , pp. 567-574
    • Reiss, S.1    Levitan, G.W.2    Szyszko, J.3
  • 289
    • 84862189590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Where is my reward and how do I get it? Interaction between the hippocampus and the basal ganglia during spatial learning
    • Retailleau A, Etienne S, Guthrie M, Boraud T (2012) Where is my reward and how do I get it? Interaction between the hippocampus and the basal ganglia during spatial learning. J Physiol Paris 106: 72-80.
    • (2012) J Physiol Paris , vol.106 , pp. 72-80
    • Retailleau, A.1    Etienne, S.2    Guthrie, M.3    Boraud, T.4
  • 290
    • 20544474329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain aging: Reorganizing discoveries about the aging mind
    • Reuter-Lorenz PA, Lustig C (2005) Brain aging: reorganizing discoveries about the aging mind. Curr Opin Neurobiol 15: 245-251.
    • (2005) Curr Opin Neurobiol , vol.15 , pp. 245-251
    • Reuter-Lorenz, P.A.1    Lustig, C.2
  • 291
    • 0033980511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parallels of craniofacial maldevelopment in Down syndrome and Ts65Dn mice
    • Richtsmeier JT, Baxter LL, Reeves RH (2000) Parallels of craniofacial maldevelopment in Down syndrome and Ts65Dn mice. Dev Dyn 217: 137-145.
    • (2000) Dev Dyn , vol.217 , pp. 137-145
    • Richtsmeier, J.T.1    Baxter, L.L.2    Reeves, R.H.3
  • 292
    • 0034306401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attention and selection in the growing child: Views derived from developmental psychophysiology
    • Ridderinkhof KR, Van der Stelt O (2000) Attention and selection in the growing child: views derived from developmental psychophysiology. Biol Psychol 54: 55-106.
    • (2000) Biol Psychol , vol.54 , pp. 55-106
    • Ridderinkhof, K.R.1    Van der Stelt, O.2
  • 295
    • 33645789057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the basis for Down syndrome phenotypes
    • Roper RJ, Reeves RH (2006) Understanding the basis for Down syndrome phenotypes. PLoS Genet 2: e50.
    • (2006) PLoS Genet , vol.2
    • Roper, R.J.1    Reeves, R.H.2
  • 297
    • 80053380535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of obstructive sleep apnea associated with Down syndrome and other craniofacial dysmorphologies
    • Rosen D (2011) Management of obstructive sleep apnea associated with Down syndrome and other craniofacial dysmorphologies. Curr Opin Pulm Med 17: 431-436.
    • (2011) Curr Opin Pulm Med , vol.17 , pp. 431-436
    • Rosen, D.1
  • 298
    • 0021276604 scopus 로고
    • Down's syndrome: Is there a decreased population of neurons?
    • Ross MH, Galaburda AM, Kemper TL (1984) Down's syndrome: is there a decreased population of neurons? Neurology 34: 909-916.
    • (1984) Neurology , vol.34 , pp. 909-916
    • Ross, M.H.1    Galaburda, A.M.2    Kemper, T.L.3
  • 299
    • 33644617316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive executive function in Down's syndrome
    • Rowe J, Lavender A, Turk V (2006) Cognitive executive function in Down's syndrome. Br J Clin Psychol 45: 5-17.
    • (2006) Br J Clin Psychol , vol.45 , pp. 5-17
    • Rowe, J.1    Lavender, A.2    Turk, V.3
  • 303
    • 25444441461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of executive attention: Contributions to the emergence of self-regulation
    • Rueda MR, Posner MI, Rothbart MK (2005) The development of executive attention: contributions to the emergence of self-regulation. Dev Neuropsychol 28: 573-594.
    • (2005) Dev Neuropsychol , vol.28 , pp. 573-594
    • Rueda, M.R.1    Posner, M.I.2    Rothbart, M.K.3
  • 304
    • 0028229724 scopus 로고
    • Attention to people and toys during social and object mastery in children with Down syndrome
    • Ruskin EM, Kasari C, Mundy P, Sigman M (1994) Attention to people and toys during social and object mastery in children with Down syndrome. Am J Ment Retard 99: 103-111.
    • (1994) Am J Ment Retard , vol.99 , pp. 103-111
    • Ruskin, E.M.1    Kasari, C.2    Mundy, P.3    Sigman, M.4
  • 307
    • 0025071591 scopus 로고
    • Brain growth in Down syndrome subjects 15 to 22 weeks of gestational age and birth to 60 months
    • Schmidt-Sidor B, Wisniewski KE, Shepard TH, Sersen EA (1990) Brain growth in Down syndrome subjects 15 to 22 weeks of gestational age and birth to 60 months. Clin Neuropathol 9: 181-190.
    • (1990) Clin Neuropathol , vol.9 , pp. 181-190
    • Schmidt-Sidor, B.1    Wisniewski, K.E.2    Shepard, T.H.3    Sersen, E.A.4
  • 308
    • 67651067596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory performance correlates with gray matter density in the ento-/perirhinal cortex and posterior hippocampus in patients with mild cognitive impairment and healthy controls-a voxel based morphometry study
    • Schmidt-Wilcke T, Poljansky S, Hierlmeier S, Hausner J, Ibach B (2009) Memory performance correlates with gray matter density in the ento-/perirhinal cortex and posterior hippocampus in patients with mild cognitive impairment and healthy controls-a voxel based morphometry study. Neuroimage 47: 1914-1920.
    • (2009) Neuroimage , vol.47 , pp. 1914-1920
    • Schmidt-Wilcke, T.1    Poljansky, S.2    Hierlmeier, S.3    Hausner, J.4    Ibach, B.5
  • 310
    • 0022645874 scopus 로고
    • Task persistence among organically impaired mentally retarded children
    • Schwethelm B, Mahoney G (1986) Task persistence among organically impaired mentally retarded children. Am J Ment Defic 90: 432-439.
    • (1986) Am J Ment Defic , vol.90 , pp. 432-439
    • Schwethelm, B.1    Mahoney, G.2
  • 312
    • 2942657479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical characteristics and follow up of Down syndrome infants without congenital heart disease who presented with persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn
    • Shah PS, Hellmann J, Adatia I (2004) Clinical characteristics and follow up of Down syndrome infants without congenital heart disease who presented with persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn. J Perinat Med 32: 168-170.
    • (2004) J Perinat Med , vol.32 , pp. 168-170
    • Shah, P.S.1    Hellmann, J.2    Adatia, I.3
  • 313
    • 0034739306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracheal stenosis and congenital heart disease in patients with Down syndrome: Diagnostic approach and surgical options
    • Shapiro NL, Huang RY, Sangwan S, Willner A, Laks H (2000) Tracheal stenosis and congenital heart disease in patients with Down syndrome: diagnostic approach and surgical options. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 54: 137-142.
    • (2000) Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol , vol.54 , pp. 137-142
    • Shapiro, N.L.1    Huang, R.Y.2    Sangwan, S.3    Willner, A.4    Laks, H.5
  • 315
    • 0029549045 scopus 로고
    • Memory and the prefrontal cortex
    • Shimamura AP (1995) Memory and the prefrontal cortex. Ann N Y Acad Sci 769: 151-159.
    • (1995) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.769 , pp. 151-159
    • Shimamura, A.P.1
  • 316
    • 0029075263 scopus 로고
    • Susceptibility to memory interference effects following frontal lobe damage: Findings from tests of paired-associate learning
    • Shimamura AP, Jurica PJ, Mangels JA, Gershberg FB, Knight RT (1995) Susceptibility to memory interference effects following frontal lobe damage: findings from tests of paired-associate learning. J Cogn Neurosci 7: 144-152.
    • (1995) J Cogn Neurosci , vol.7 , pp. 144-152
    • Shimamura, A.P.1    Jurica, P.J.2    Mangels, J.A.3    Gershberg, F.B.4    Knight, R.T.5
  • 320
    • 77049124716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stanford-Binet & WAIS IQ differences and their implications for adults with intellectual disability (aka mental retardation)
    • Silverman W, Miezejeski C, Ryan R, Zigman W, Krinsky-McHale S, Urv T (2010) Stanford-Binet & WAIS IQ differences and their implications for adults with intellectual disability (aka mental retardation). Intelligence 38: 242-248.
    • (2010) Intelligence , vol.38 , pp. 242-248
    • Silverman, W.1    Miezejeski, C.2    Ryan, R.3    Zigman, W.4    Krinsky-McHale, S.5    Urv, T.6
  • 321
    • 0030032642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progress in social-independent functioning of young people with Down's syndrome
    • Sloper P, Turner S (1996) Progress in social-independent functioning of young people with Down's syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res 40: 39-48.
    • (1996) J Intellect Disabil Res , vol.40 , pp. 39-48
    • Sloper, P.1    Turner, S.2
  • 322
    • 0030707655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vestibular-hippocampal interactions
    • Smith PF (1997) Vestibular-hippocampal interactions. Hippocampus 7: 465-471.
    • (1997) Hippocampus , vol.7 , pp. 465-471
    • Smith, P.F.1
  • 323
    • 84893958405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dentate gyrus mediates cognitive function in the Ts65Dn/DnJ mouse model of Down syndrome
    • Smith GK, Kesner RP, Korenberg JR (2014) Dentate gyrus mediates cognitive function in the Ts65Dn/DnJ mouse model of Down syndrome. Hippocampus 24: 354-362.
    • (2014) Hippocampus , vol.24 , pp. 354-362
    • Smith, G.K.1    Kesner, R.P.2    Korenberg, J.R.3
  • 324
    • 0016826940 scopus 로고
    • Septal afterdischarges and their modification by the cerebellum
    • Snider RS, Maiti A (1975) Septal afterdischarges and their modification by the cerebellum. Exp Neurol 49: 529-539.
    • (1975) Exp Neurol , vol.49 , pp. 529-539
    • Snider, R.S.1    Maiti, A.2
  • 325
    • 0017174687 scopus 로고
    • Cerebellar contributions to the Papez circuit
    • Snider RS, Maiti A (1976) Cerebellar contributions to the Papez circuit. J Neurosci Res 2: 133-146.
    • (1976) J Neurosci Res , vol.2 , pp. 133-146
    • Snider, R.S.1    Maiti, A.2
  • 328
    • 77952563012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Healthy and abnormal development of the prefrontal cortex
    • Spencer-Smith M, Anderson V (2009) Healthy and abnormal development of the prefrontal cortex. Dev Neurorehabil 12: 279-297.
    • (2009) Dev Neurorehabil , vol.12 , pp. 279-297
    • Spencer-Smith, M.1    Anderson, V.2
  • 331
    • 84876348314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental regression, depression, and psychosocial stress in an adolescent with Down syndrome
    • Stein DS, Munir KM, Karweck AJ, Davidson EJ, Stein MT (2013) Developmental regression, depression, and psychosocial stress in an adolescent with Down syndrome. J Dev Behav Pediatr 34: 216-218.
    • (2013) J Dev Behav Pediatr , vol.34 , pp. 216-218
    • Stein, D.S.1    Munir, K.M.2    Karweck, A.J.3    Davidson, E.J.4    Stein, M.T.5
  • 333
    • 84878681293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of maternal thyroid hormones in the developing neocortex and during human evolution
    • Stenzel D, Huttner WB (2013) Role of maternal thyroid hormones in the developing neocortex and during human evolution. Front Neuroanat 7: 19.
    • (2013) Front Neuroanat , vol.7
    • Stenzel, D.1    Huttner, W.B.2
  • 335
    • 38049069895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trisomy represses Apc(Min)-mediated tumours in mouse models of Down's syndrome
    • Sussan TE, Yang A, Li F, Ostrowski MC, Reeves RH (2008) Trisomy represses Apc(Min)-mediated tumours in mouse models of Down's syndrome. Nature 451: 73-75.
    • (2008) Nature , vol.451 , pp. 73-75
    • Sussan, T.E.1    Yang, A.2    Li, F.3    Ostrowski, M.C.4    Reeves, R.H.5
  • 336
    • 29144489509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromatic and achromatic transient VEPs in adults with Down syndrome
    • Suttle CM, Lloyd R (2005) Chromatic and achromatic transient VEPs in adults with Down syndrome. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 25: 501-513.
    • (2005) Ophthalmic Physiol Opt , vol.25 , pp. 501-513
    • Suttle, C.M.1    Lloyd, R.2
  • 338
    • 0019419703 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal neuronal development in the visual cortex of the human fetus and infant with down's syndrome. A quantitative and qualitative Golgi study
    • Takashima S, Becker LE, Armstrong DL, Chan F (1981) Abnormal neuronal development in the visual cortex of the human fetus and infant with down's syndrome. A quantitative and qualitative Golgi study. Brain Res 225: 1-21.
    • (1981) Brain Res , vol.225 , pp. 1-21
    • Takashima, S.1    Becker, L.E.2    Armstrong, D.L.3    Chan, F.4
  • 342
    • 84865304405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Euthyroid submedian free T4 and subclinical hypothyroidism may have a detrimental clinical effect in Down syndrome
    • Tenenbaum A, Lebel E, Malkiel S, Kastiel Y, Abulibdeh A, Zangen DH (2012) Euthyroid submedian free T4 and subclinical hypothyroidism may have a detrimental clinical effect in Down syndrome. Horm Res Paediatr 78: 113-118.
    • (2012) Horm Res Paediatr , vol.78 , pp. 113-118
    • Tenenbaum, A.1    Lebel, E.2    Malkiel, S.3    Kastiel, Y.4    Abulibdeh, A.5    Zangen, D.H.6
  • 343
    • 70349962939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebellum development during childhood and adolescence: A longitudinal morphometric MRI study
    • Tiemeier H, Lenroot RK, Greenstein DK, Tran L, Pierson R, Giedd JN (2010) Cerebellum development during childhood and adolescence: a longitudinal morphometric MRI study. Neuroimage 49: 63-70.
    • (2010) Neuroimage , vol.49 , pp. 63-70
    • Tiemeier, H.1    Lenroot, R.K.2    Greenstein, D.K.3    Tran, L.4    Pierson, R.5    Giedd, J.N.6
  • 346
    • 84912122713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of first trimester fetal cardiac examination using spatiotemporal image correlation, tomographic ultrasound and color Doppler imaging for the diagnosis of complex congenital heart disease in high-risk patients
    • Turan S, Turan OM, Desai A, Harman CR, Baschat AA (2014) A prospective study of first trimester fetal cardiac examination using spatiotemporal image correlation, tomographic ultrasound and color Doppler imaging for the diagnosis of complex congenital heart disease in high-risk patients. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 44: 562-567.
    • (2014) Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol , vol.44 , pp. 562-567
    • Turan, S.1    Turan, O.M.2    Desai, A.3    Harman, C.R.4    Baschat, A.A.5
  • 347
    • 84875161879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiplex genetic fate mapping reveals a novel route of neocortical neurogenesis, which is altered in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome
    • Tyler WA, Haydar TF (2013) Multiplex genetic fate mapping reveals a novel route of neocortical neurogenesis, which is altered in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome. J Neurosci 33: 5106-5119.
    • (2013) J Neurosci , vol.33 , pp. 5106-5119
    • Tyler, W.A.1    Haydar, T.F.2
  • 352
  • 353
    • 0029617346 scopus 로고
    • Short-term memory in persons with intellectual disabilities and Down's syndrome
    • Vicari S, Carlesimo A, Caltagirone C (1995) Short-term memory in persons with intellectual disabilities and Down's syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res 39: 532-537.
    • (1995) J Intellect Disabil Res , vol.39 , pp. 532-537
    • Vicari, S.1    Carlesimo, A.2    Caltagirone, C.3
  • 354
    • 0033990963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit and explicit memory: A functional dissociation in persons with Down syndrome
    • Vicari S, Bellucci S, Carlesimo GA (2000) Implicit and explicit memory: a functional dissociation in persons with Down syndrome. Neuropsychologia 38: 240-251.
    • (2000) Neuropsychologia , vol.38 , pp. 240-251
    • Vicari, S.1    Bellucci, S.2    Carlesimo, G.A.3
  • 355
    • 18644372777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual and spatial long-term memory: Differential pattern of impairments in Williams and Down syndromes
    • Vicari S, Bellucci S, Carlesimo GA (2005) Visual and spatial long-term memory: differential pattern of impairments in Williams and Down syndromes. Dev Med Child Neurol 47: 305-311.
    • (2005) Dev Med Child Neurol , vol.47 , pp. 305-311
    • Vicari, S.1    Bellucci, S.2    Carlesimo, G.A.3
  • 357
    • 34147209750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychiatric and behavioral aspects of trisomy 21
    • Visootsak J, Sherman S (2007) Neuropsychiatric and behavioral aspects of trisomy 21. Curr Psychiatry Rep 9: 135-140.
    • (2007) Curr Psychiatry Rep , vol.9 , pp. 135-140
    • Visootsak, J.1    Sherman, S.2
  • 358
    • 84881662818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of congenital heart defects on language development in toddlers with Down syndrome
    • Visootsak J, Hess B, Bakeman R, Adamson LB (2013) Effect of congenital heart defects on language development in toddlers with Down syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res 57: 887-892.
    • (2013) J Intellect Disabil Res , vol.57 , pp. 887-892
    • Visootsak, J.1    Hess, B.2    Bakeman, R.3    Adamson, L.B.4
  • 359
    • 0347890543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Object mastery motivation in pre-school children with and without disabilities
    • Vlachou M, Farrell P (2000) Object mastery motivation in pre-school children with and without disabilities. Educ Psychol 20: 167-176.
    • (2000) Educ Psychol , vol.20 , pp. 167-176
    • Vlachou, M.1    Farrell, P.2
  • 360
    • 0006088086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A neuropsychological profile of Down syndrome: Cognitive skills and brain morphology
    • Wang PP (1996) A neuropsychological profile of Down syndrome: Cognitive skills and brain morphology. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 2: 102-108.
    • (1996) Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev , vol.2 , pp. 102-108
    • Wang, P.P.1
  • 361
    • 54549089742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive development in macaques: Attentional set-shifting in juvenile and adult rhesus monkeys
    • Weed MR, Bryant R, Perry S (2008) Cognitive development in macaques: attentional set-shifting in juvenile and adult rhesus monkeys. Neuroscience 157: 22-28.
    • (2008) Neuroscience , vol.157 , pp. 22-28
    • Weed, M.R.1    Bryant, R.2    Perry, S.3
  • 362
    • 78649316663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical practice. The care of children with Down syndrome
    • Weijerman ME, de Winter JP (2010) Clinical practice. The care of children with Down syndrome. Eur J Pediatr 169: 1445-1452.
    • (2010) Eur J Pediatr , vol.169 , pp. 1445-1452
    • Weijerman, M.E.1    de Winter, J.P.2
  • 364
    • 39749134383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the cardiac phenotype in neonatal Ts65Dn mice
    • Williams AD, Mjaatvedt CH, Moore CS (2008) Characterization of the cardiac phenotype in neonatal Ts65Dn mice. Dev Dyn 237: 426-435.
    • (2008) Dev Dyn , vol.237 , pp. 426-435
    • Williams, A.D.1    Mjaatvedt, C.H.2    Moore, C.S.3
  • 365
    • 84867287309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preference by association: How memory mechanisms in the hippocampus bias decisions
    • Wimmer GE, Shohamy D (2012) Preference by association: how memory mechanisms in the hippocampus bias decisions. Science 338: 270-273.
    • (2012) Science , vol.338 , pp. 270-273
    • Wimmer, G.E.1    Shohamy, D.2
  • 366
    • 0022474261 scopus 로고
    • The effects of step-by-step training on cognitive performance in infants with Down's syndrome
    • Wishart JG (1986) The effects of step-by-step training on cognitive performance in infants with Down's syndrome. J Ment Defic Res 30: 233-250.
    • (1986) J Ment Defic Res , vol.30 , pp. 233-250
    • Wishart, J.G.1
  • 367
    • 0027248034 scopus 로고
    • The development of learning difficulties in children with Down's syndrome
    • Wishart JG (1993) The development of learning difficulties in children with Down's syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res 37: 389-403.
    • (1993) J Intellect Disabil Res , vol.37 , pp. 389-403
    • Wishart, J.G.1
  • 368
    • 0035487433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motivation and learning styles in young children with Down syndrome
    • Wishart JG (2001) Motivation and learning styles in young children with Down syndrome. Downs Syndr Res Pract 7: 47-51.
    • (2001) Downs Syndr Res Pract , vol.7 , pp. 47-51
    • Wishart, J.G.1
  • 369
    • 35948960725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socio-cognitive understanding: A strength or weakness in Down's syndrome?
    • Wishart JG (2007) Socio-cognitive understanding: a strength or weakness in Down's syndrome? J Intellect Disabil Res 51: 996-1005.
    • (2007) J Intellect Disabil Res , vol.51 , pp. 996-1005
    • Wishart, J.G.1
  • 370
    • 34748844032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Collaborative learning: Comparison of outcomes for typically developing children and children with intellectual disabilities
    • Wishart JG, Willis DS, Cebula KR, Pitcairn TK (2007) Collaborative learning: comparison of outcomes for typically developing children and children with intellectual disabilities. Am J Ment Retard 112: 361-374.
    • (2007) Am J Ment Retard , vol.112 , pp. 361-374
    • Wishart, J.G.1    Willis, D.S.2    Cebula, K.R.3    Pitcairn, T.K.4
  • 371
    • 0024411610 scopus 로고
    • Postnatal delay of myelin formation in brains from Down syndrome infants and children
    • Wisniewski KE, Schmidt-Sidor B (1989) Postnatal delay of myelin formation in brains from Down syndrome infants and children. Clin Neuropathol 8: 55-62.
    • (1989) Clin Neuropathol , vol.8 , pp. 55-62
    • Wisniewski, K.E.1    Schmidt-Sidor, B.2
  • 372
    • 0021601145 scopus 로고
    • Evidence of arrest of neurogenesis and synaptogenesis in brains of patients with Down's syndrome
    • Wisniewski KE, Laure-Kamionowska M, Wisniewski HM (1984) Evidence of arrest of neurogenesis and synaptogenesis in brains of patients with Down's syndrome. N Engl J Med 311: 1187-1188.
    • (1984) N Engl J Med , vol.311 , pp. 1187-1188
    • Wisniewski, K.E.1    Laure-Kamionowska, M.2    Wisniewski, H.M.3
  • 373
    • 84861565944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reward modulation of hippocampal subfield activation during successful associative encoding and retrieval
    • Wolosin SM, Zeithamova D, Preston AR (2012) Reward modulation of hippocampal subfield activation during successful associative encoding and retrieval. J Cogn Neurosci 24: 1532-1547.
    • (2012) J Cogn Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 1532-1547
    • Wolosin, S.M.1    Zeithamova, D.2    Preston, A.R.3
  • 375
    • 79956087421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased survival following tumorigenesis in Ts65Dn mice that model Down syndrome
    • Yang A, Reeves RH (2011) Increased survival following tumorigenesis in Ts65Dn mice that model Down syndrome. Cancer Res 71: 3573-3581.
    • (2011) Cancer Res , vol.71 , pp. 3573-3581
    • Yang, A.1    Reeves, R.H.2
  • 376
    • 84883742787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hippocampus supports high-resolution binding in the service of perception, working memory and long-term memory
    • Yonelinas AP (2013) The hippocampus supports high-resolution binding in the service of perception, working memory and long-term memory. Behav Brain Res 254: 34-44.
    • (2013) Behav Brain Res , vol.254 , pp. 34-44
    • Yonelinas, A.P.1
  • 377
    • 0029866786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theory of mind and rule use in individuals with Down's syndrome: A test of the uniqueness and specificity claims
    • Zelazo PD, Burack JA, Benedetto E, Frye D (1996) Theory of mind and rule use in individuals with Down's syndrome: a test of the uniqueness and specificity claims. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 37: 479-484.
    • (1996) J Child Psychol Psychiatry , vol.37 , pp. 479-484
    • Zelazo, P.D.1    Burack, J.A.2    Benedetto, E.3    Frye, D.4
  • 378
    • 84876136764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebrovascular effects of apolipoprotein E: Implications for Alzheimer disease
    • Zlokovic BV (2013) Cerebrovascular effects of apolipoprotein E: implications for Alzheimer disease. JAMA Neurol 70: 440-444.
    • (2013) JAMA Neurol , vol.70 , pp. 440-444
    • Zlokovic, B.V.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.