메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 13, Issue 7, 2014, Pages 1294-1303

Cholinergic system dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases: Cause or effect?

Author keywords

Acetylcholine; Cholinergic receptors; Inflammation; Neurodegenerative diseases

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCHOLINE; ALPHA SYNUCLEIN; AMYLOID BETA PROTEIN; CHOLINE ACETYLTRANSFERASE; GALANTAMINE; HUNTINGTIN; VESICULAR ACETYLCHOLINE TRANSPORTER;

EID: 84911378828     PISSN: 18715273     EISSN: 19963181     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/1871527313666140917121132     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (103)

References (119)
  • 1
    • 0347990337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subpopulations of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons express active vesicular acetylcholine transporter
    • Tata AM, De Stefano ME, Srubek Tomassy G, et al. Subpopulations of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons express active vesicular acetylcholine transporter. J Neurosci Res 2004; 75: 194-202.
    • (2004) J Neurosci Res , vol.75 , pp. 194-202
    • Tata, A.M.1    De Stefano, M.E.2    Srubek Tomassy, G.3
  • 2
    • 1642340553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of basal and potassium-evoked acetylcholine release from embryonic DRG explants
    • Bernardini N, Srubek Tomassy G, Tata AM, Augusti Tocco G, Biagioni S. Detection of basal and potassium-evoked acetylcholine release from embryonic DRG explants. J Neurochem 2004; 88: 1533-19.
    • (2004) J Neurochem , vol.88 , pp. 1533-1619
    • Bernardini, N.1    Srubek Tomassy, G.2    Tata, A.M.3    Augusti Tocco, G.4    Biagioni, S.5
  • 3
    • 33744924761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenergic and cholinergic control in the biology of epidermis: Physiological and clinical significance
    • Grando SA, Pittelkow MR, Schellereunter KU. Adrenergic and cholinergic control in the biology of epidermis: physiological and clinical significance. J Invest Dermatol 2006; 126: 1948-65.
    • (2006) J Invest Dermatol , vol.126 , pp. 1948-1965
    • Grando, S.A.1    Pittelkow, M.R.2    Schellereunter, K.U.3
  • 4
    • 23144441616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of non neuronal acetylcholine in lymphocytes and its contribution of immune function
    • Kawashima K, Fujii T. Expression of non neuronal acetylcholine in lymphocytes and its contribution of immune function. Front Biosci 2004; 9: 2063-85.
    • (2004) Front Biosci , vol.9 , pp. 2063-2085
    • Kawashima, K.1    Fujii, T.2
  • 5
    • 0034121903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of the cholinergic gene locus in pulmonary arterial endothelial cells
    • Haberberger RV, Bodenbenner M, Kummer W. Expression of the cholinergic gene locus in pulmonary arterial endothelial cells. Histochem Cell Biol 2000; 113: 379-87.
    • (2000) Histochem Cell Biol , vol.113 , pp. 379-387
    • Haberberger, R.V.1    Bodenbenner, M.2    Kummer, W.3
  • 6
    • 0031240873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vesicular neurotransmitter transporters. Potential sites for the regulation of synaptic function
    • Varoqui H, Erickson JD. Vesicular neurotransmitter transporters. Potential sites for the regulation of synaptic function. Mol Neurobiol 1997; 15: 165-91.
    • (1997) Mol Neurobiol , vol.15 , pp. 165-191
    • Varoqui, H.1    Erickson, J.D.2
  • 7
    • 0032558426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetic parameters for the vesicular acetylcholine transporters: Two protons are exchanged for one acetylcholine
    • Nguyen ML, Cox GD, Parsons SM. Kinetic parameters for the vesicular acetylcholine transporters: two protons are exchanged for one acetylcholine. Biochemistry 1998; 37: 13400-10.
    • (1998) Biochemistry , vol.37 , pp. 13400-13410
    • Nguyen, M.L.1    Cox, G.D.2    Parsons, S.M.3
  • 8
    • 0028808629 scopus 로고
    • Specific vesicular acetylcholine transporter promoters lie within the first intron of the rat choline acetyltransferase gene
    • Cervini R, Houhou L, Pradat PF, et al. Specific vesicular acetylcholine transporter promoters lie within the first intron of the rat choline acetyltransferase gene. J Biol Chem 1995; 270: 24654-7.
    • (1995) J Biol Chem , vol.270 , pp. 24654-24657
    • Cervini, R.1    Houhou, L.2    Pradat, P.F.3
  • 9
    • 0344097415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From the cholinergic gene locus to the cholinergic neurons
    • Weihe E, Schäfer MKH, Schütz B, et al. From the cholinergic gene locus to the cholinergic neurons. J Physiol 1998; 92: 385-8.
    • (1998) J Physiol , vol.92 , pp. 385-388
    • Weihe, E.1    Schäfer, M.K.H.2    Schütz, B.3
  • 10
    • 0033664316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurogenetics of vesicular transporters in C. elegans
    • Rand JB, Duerr JS, Frisby DL. Neurogenetics of vesicular transporters in C. elegans. FASEB J 2000; 15: 2414-22.
    • (2000) FASEB J , vol.15 , pp. 2414-2422
    • Rand, J.B.1    Duerr, J.S.2    Frisby, D.L.3
  • 11
    • 0036148296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • More than one way to toy with ChAT and VAChT
    • Castell X, Diebler MF, Tomasi M, et al. More than one way to toy with ChAT and VAChT. J Physiol Paris 2002; 96: 61-72.
    • (2002) J Physiol Paris , vol.96 , pp. 61-72
    • Castell, X.1    Diebler, M.F.2    Tomasi, M.3
  • 12
    • 55849128946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nerve growth factor regulates the expression of the cholinergic locus and the high-affinity choline transporter via the Akt/PKB signaling pathway
    • Madziar B, Shah S, Brock M, et al. Nerve growth factor regulates the expression of the cholinergic locus and the high-affinity choline transporter via the Akt/PKB signaling pathway. J Neurochem 2008; 107: 1284-93.
    • (2008) J Neurochem , vol.107 , pp. 1284-1293
    • Madziar, B.1    Shah, S.2    Brock, M.3
  • 13
    • 33947699827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential regulation of the high affinity choline transporter and the cholinergic locus by cAMP signaling pathways
    • Brock M, Nickel AC, Madziar B, Blusztajn JK, Berse B. Differential regulation of the high affinity choline transporter and the cholinergic locus by cAMP signaling pathways. Brain Res 2007; 1145: 1-10.
    • (2007) Brain Res , vol.1145 , pp. 1-10
    • Brock, M.1    Nickel, A.C.2    Madziar, B.3    Blusztajn, J.K.4    Berse, B.5
  • 14
    • 0001130441 scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholine
    • Siegel GJ, Agranoff BW, Albers RW, Molinoff PB, Eds. 5th ed., New York: Raven Press
    • Taylor P, Brown JH. Acetylcholine. In: Basic Neurochemistry. In: Siegel GJ, Agranoff BW, Albers RW, Molinoff PB, Eds. 5th ed., New York: Raven Press 1994; pp. 231-60.
    • (1994) Basic Neurochemistry , pp. 231-260
    • Taylor, P.1    Brown, J.H.2
  • 15
    • 0023661365 scopus 로고
    • Distint primary structures, ligand binding properties and tissue-specific expression of four human muscarinic acetylcholine receptors
    • Peralta EG, Ashkenazi A, Winslow JW, et al. Distint primary structures, ligand binding properties and tissue-specific expression of four human muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. EMBO J 1987; 6: 3923-9.
    • (1987) EMBO J , vol.6 , pp. 3923-3929
    • Peralta, E.G.1    Ashkenazi, A.2    Winslow, J.W.3
  • 16
    • 0031774720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Union of Pharmacology. XVII. Classification of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors
    • Caufield MP, Birdsall NJ. International Union of Pharmacology. XVII. Classification of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Pharmacol Rev 1998; 50: 279-90.
    • (1998) Pharmacol Rev , vol.50 , pp. 279-290
    • Caufield, M.P.1    Birdsall, N.J.2
  • 17
    • 0027208248 scopus 로고
    • Muscarinic receptors: Characterization, coupling and function
    • Caufield MP. Muscarinic receptors: characterization, coupling and function. Pharmacol Ther 1993; 58: 319-79.
    • (1993) Pharmacol Ther , vol.58 , pp. 319-379
    • Caufield, M.P.1
  • 18
    • 0000402318 scopus 로고
    • G proteins and cyclic nucleotides in the nervous system
    • Siegel GJ, Agranoff BW, Albers RW, Molinoff PB, Eds.; Raven Press
    • Nestler EJ, Duman RS. G proteins and cyclic nucleotides in the nervous system. In: Basic Neurochemistry; Siegel GJ, Agranoff BW, Albers RW, Molinoff PB, Eds.; Raven Press, 1994; pp. 231-60.
    • (1994) Basic Neurochemistry , pp. 231-260
    • Nestler, E.J.1    Duman, R.S.2
  • 19
    • 33745767930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rat Schwann cells express M1-M4 muscarinic receptor subtypes
    • Loreti S, Vilaro MT, Visentin S, et al. Rat Schwann cells express M1-M4 muscarinic receptor subtypes. J Neurosci Res 2006; 84: 97-105.
    • (2006) J Neurosci Res , vol.84 , pp. 97-105
    • Loreti, S.1    Vilaro, M.T.2    Visentin, S.3
  • 20
    • 84859492260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscarinic receptor subtypes as potential targets to modulate oligodendrocyte progenitor survival, proliferation, and differentiation
    • De Angelis F, Bernardo A, Magnaghi V, Minghetti L, Tata AM. Muscarinic receptor subtypes as potential targets to modulate oligodendrocyte progenitor survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Devel Neurobiol 2012; 72: 713-28.
    • (2012) Devel Neurobiol , vol.72 , pp. 713-728
    • De Angelis, F.1    Bernardo, A.2    Magnaghi, V.3    Minghetti, L.4    Tata, A.M.5
  • 22
    • 33845948153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholine and regulation of gene expression in developing systems
    • Augusti-Tocco G, Biagioni S, Tata AM. Acetylcholine and regulation of gene expression in developing systems. J Mol Neurosci 2006; 30:45-8.
    • (2006) J Mol Neurosci , vol.30 , pp. 45-48
    • Augusti-Tocco, G.1    Biagioni, S.2    Tata, A.M.3
  • 23
    • 78651153462 scopus 로고
    • A direct coloring thiocholine method for cholinesterase
    • Karnovsky MJ, Roots, L. A direct coloring thiocholine method for cholinesterase. J Histochem Cytochem 1964; 12: 219-21.
    • (1964) J Histochem Cytochem , vol.12 , pp. 219-221
    • Karnovsky, M.J.1    Roots, L.2
  • 24
    • 0001980568 scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholinesterase histochemistry
    • Björrklund A, Hökfelt T, Eds.; Elsevier
    • Butcher LL. Acetylcholinesterase histochemistry. In: Handbook of Chemical Neuroanatomy. Björrklund A, Hökfelt T, Eds.; Elsevier, 1993; 1-49.
    • (1993) Handbook of Chemical Neuroanatomy , pp. 1-49
    • Butcher, L.L.1
  • 25
    • 0019444594 scopus 로고
    • The central cholinergic system studied by choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry
    • Kimura H, McGeer PL, Peng JH, McGeer EG. The central cholinergic system studied by choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry. J Comp Neurol 1981; 200: 151-201.
    • (1981) J Comp Neurol , vol.200 , pp. 151-201
    • Kimura, H.1    McGeer, P.L.2    Peng, J.H.3    McGeer, E.G.4
  • 26
    • 0021679120 scopus 로고
    • Choline acetyltransferase-immunoreactive neurons intrinsic to rodent cortex and distinction from acetylcholinesterase positive neurons
    • Levey AI, Wainer BH, Rye DB, Mufson EJ, Mesulam MM. Choline acetyltransferase-immunoreactive neurons intrinsic to rodent cortex and distinction from acetylcholinesterase positive neurons. Neuroscience 1984; 13: 341-53.
    • (1984) Neuroscience , vol.13 , pp. 341-353
    • Levey, A.I.1    Wainer, B.H.2    Rye, D.B.3    Mufson, E.J.4    Mesulam, M.M.5
  • 27
    • 0025612462 scopus 로고
    • In situ hybridization studies on mRNAs for cholecystokinin, calcitonin generelated peptide and choline acetyltransferase in lower brain stem, spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia of rat and guinea pig with special reference to motoneurons
    • Cortes R, Arvidsson U, Schalling M, Ceccatelli S, Hökfelt T. In situ hybridization studies on mRNAs for cholecystokinin, calcitonin generelated peptide and choline acetyltransferase in lower brain stem, spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia of rat and guinea pig with special reference to motoneurons. J Chem Neuroanat 1990; 3: 47-85.
    • (1990) J Chem Neuroanat , vol.3 , pp. 47-85
    • Cortes, R.1    Arvidsson, U.2    Schalling, M.3    Ceccatelli, S.4    Hökfelt, T.5
  • 28
    • 0026808563 scopus 로고
    • Organization of central cholinergic neurons revealed by combined in situ hybridization histochemistry and choline-O-acetyltransferase immunocytochemistry
    • Butcher LL, Oh JD, Woolf NJ, Edwards RH, Roghani A. Organization of central cholinergic neurons revealed by combined in situ hybridization histochemistry and choline-O-acetyltransferase immunocytochemistry. Neurochem Int 1992; 21: 429-45.
    • (1992) Neurochem Int , vol.21 , pp. 429-445
    • Butcher, L.L.1    Oh, J.D.2    Woolf, N.J.3    Edwards, R.H.4    Roghani, A.5
  • 29
    • 0011920143 scopus 로고
    • Molecular neuroanatomy of neurotransmitter receptors: The use of in situ hybridization histochemistry for the study of their anatomical and cellular localization
    • Vilarò MT, Martinez-Mir MI, Sarasa M, et al. Molecular neuroanatomy of neurotransmitter receptors: the use of in situ hybridization histochemistry for the study of their anatomical and cellular localization. Curr Asp Neurosci 1991; 3: 1-36.
    • (1991) Curr Asp Neurosci , vol.3 , pp. 1-36
    • Vilarò, M.T.1    Martinez-Mir, M.I.2    Sarasa, M.3
  • 30
    • 0026612288 scopus 로고
    • Muscarinic M2 receptor mRNA expression and receptor binding in cholinergic and non-cholinergic cells in the rat brain: A correlative study using in situ hybridization histochemistry and receptor autoradiography
    • Vilarò MT, Wiederhold KH, Palacios JM, Mengod G. Muscarinic M2 receptor mRNA expression and receptor binding in cholinergic and non-cholinergic cells in the rat brain: a correlative study using in situ hybridization histochemistry and receptor autoradiography. Neuroscience 1992; 47: 367-93.
    • (1992) Neuroscience , vol.47 , pp. 367-393
    • Vilarò, M.T.1    Wiederhold, K.H.2    Palacios, J.M.3    Mengod, G.4
  • 31
    • 0021978505 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic neurons in the caudate-putamen complex proper are intrinsically organized: A combined Evans Blue and acetylcholinesterase analysis
    • Woolf NJ, Butcher LL. Cholinergic neurons in the caudate-putamen complex proper are intrinsically organized: a combined Evans Blue and acetylcholinesterase analysis. Brain Res Bull 1985; 14: 63-83.
    • (1985) Brain Res Bull , vol.14 , pp. 63-83
    • Woolf, N.J.1    Butcher, L.L.2
  • 32
    • 0030636350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central cholinergic systems and cognition
    • Everitt BJ, Robbins TW. Central cholinergic systems and cognition. Annu Rev Psychol 1997; 48: 649-84.
    • (1997) Annu Rev Psychol , vol.48 , pp. 649-684
    • Everitt, B.J.1    Robbins, T.W.2
  • 33
    • 0020676699 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic innervation of cortex by the basal forebrain: Cytochemistry and cortical connections of the septal area, diagonal band nuclei, nucleus basalis (substantia innominata), and hypothalamus in the rhesus monkey
    • Mesulam MM, Mufson EJ, Levey AI, Wainer BH. Cholinergic innervation of cortex by the basal forebrain: cytochemistry and cortical connections of the septal area, diagonal band nuclei, nucleus basalis (substantia innominata), and hypothalamus in the rhesus monkey. J Comp Neurol 1983b; 214: 170-97.
    • (1983) J Comp Neurol , vol.214 , pp. 170-197
    • Mesulam, M.M.1    Mufson, E.J.2    Levey, A.I.3    Wainer, B.H.4
  • 34
    • 0025941928 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic systems in mammalian brain and spinal cord
    • Woolf, NJ. Cholinergic systems in mammalian brain and spinal cord. Prog Neurobiol 1991; 37: 475-824.
    • (1991) Prog Neurobiol , vol.37 , pp. 475-824
    • Woolf, N.J.1
  • 36
    • 0022530375 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic systems in the rat brain. III. Projections from the pontomesencephalic tegmentum to the thalamus, tectum, basal ganglia, and basal forebrain
    • Woolf NJ, Butcher LL. Cholinergic systems in the rat brain. III. Projections from the pontomesencephalic tegmentum to the thalamus, tectum, basal ganglia, and basal forebrain. Brain Res Bull 1986; 16: 603-37.
    • (1986) Brain Res Bull , vol.16 , pp. 603-637
    • Woolf, N.J.1    Butcher, L.L.2
  • 37
    • 0024849294 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic systems in the rat brain. IV. Descending projections of the pontomesencephalic tegmentum
    • Woolf NJ, Butcher LL. Cholinergic systems in the rat brain. IV. Descending projections of the pontomesencephalic tegmentum. Brain Res Bull 1989; 23: 519-40.
    • (1989) Brain Res Bull , vol.23 , pp. 519-540
    • Woolf, N.J.1    Butcher, L.L.2
  • 38
    • 0026017033 scopus 로고
    • Structural aspects of pathology in Alzheimer's disease
    • Crowther RA. Structural aspects of pathology in Alzheimer's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta 1990; 1096: 1-9.
    • (1990) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1096 , pp. 1-9
    • Crowther, R.A.1
  • 39
    • 0024498291 scopus 로고
    • Alzheimer’s disease: Recent advances in understanding the brain amyloidosis
    • Abraham CR, Potter H. Alzheimer’s disease: recent advances in understanding the brain amyloidosis. Biotechnology 1989; 7: 147-53.
    • (1989) Biotechnology , vol.7 , pp. 147-153
    • Abraham, C.R.1    Potter, H.2
  • 40
    • 0028103819 scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory mechanisms in Alzheimer’s disease: Implications for therapy
    • Aisen PS, Davis KL. Inflammatory mechanisms in Alzheimer’s disease: implications for therapy. Am J Psychiatry 1994; 151: 1105-13.
    • (1994) Am J Psychiatry , vol.151 , pp. 1105-1113
    • Aisen, P.S.1    Davis, K.L.2
  • 42
    • 0034612148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory hypotheses: Novel mechanisms of Alzheimer’s neurodegeneration and new therapeutic targets?
    • Praticò D, Trojanowski JQ. Inflammatory hypotheses: novel mechanisms of Alzheimer’s neurodegeneration and new therapeutic targets? Neurobiol Aging 2000; 21: 441-5.
    • (2000) Neurobiol Aging , vol.21 , pp. 441-445
    • Praticò, D.1    Trojanowski, J.Q.2
  • 43
    • 0034612175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation and Alzheimer’s disease
    • Akiyama H, Barger S, Barnum S, et al. Inflammation and Alzheimer’s disease. Neurobiol Aging 2000; 21: 383-21.
    • (2000) Neurobiol Aging , vol.21 , pp. 383-421
    • Akiyama, H.1    Barger, S.2    Barnum, S.3
  • 44
    • 0034523456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Costimulatory effects of interferon-gamma and interleukin-1beta or tumor necrosis factor alpha on the synthesis of Abeta1-40 and Abeta1-42 by human
    • Blasko I, Veerhuis R, Stampfer-Kountchev M, et al. Costimulatory effects of interferon-gamma and interleukin-1beta or tumor necrosis factor alpha on the synthesis of Abeta1-40 and Abeta1-42 by human. Neurobiol Dis 2000; 7(6 Pt B): 682-9.
    • (2000) Neurobiol Dis , vol.7 , Issue.6 , pp. 682-689
    • Blasko, I.1    Veerhuis, R.2    Stampfer-Kountchev, M.3
  • 45
    • 36549083642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroinflamma-tion: Implications for the pathogenesis and molecular diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease
    • Rojo LE, Fernandez JA, Maccioni AA, Jimenez JM, Maccioni RB. Neuroinflamma-tion: implications for the pathogenesis and molecular diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. Arch Med Res 2008; 39: 1-16.
    • (2008) Arch Med Res , vol.39 , pp. 1-16
    • Rojo, L.E.1    Fernandez, J.A.2    Maccioni, A.A.3    Jimenez, J.M.4    Maccioni, R.B.5
  • 46
    • 0028832354 scopus 로고
    • Amyloid beta peptide potentiates cytokine secretion by interleukin-1 beta-activated human astrocytoma cells
    • Gitter BD, Cox LM, Rydel RE, May PC. Amyloid beta peptide potentiates cytokine secretion by interleukin-1 beta-activated human astrocytoma cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995; 92: 10738-41.
    • (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.92 , pp. 10738-10741
    • Gitter, B.D.1    Cox, L.M.2    Rydel, R.E.3    May, P.C.4
  • 47
    • 23044465288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression and production of two selected beta-chemokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with Alzheimer’s disease
    • Iarlori C, Gambi D, Gambi F, et al. Expression and production of two selected beta-chemokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Exp Gerontol 2005; 40: 605-11.
    • (2005) Exp Gerontol , vol.40 , pp. 605-611
    • Iarlori, C.1    Gambi, D.2    Gambi, F.3
  • 48
    • 18244376371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proinflammatory cytokines in sera of elderly patients with dementia: Levels in vascular injury are higher than those of mild-moderate Alzheimer’s disease patients
    • Paganelli R, Di Iorio A, Patricelli L, et al. Proinflammatory cytokines in sera of elderly patients with dementia: levels in vascular injury are higher than those of mild-moderate Alzheimer’s disease patients. Exp Gerontol 2002; 37: 257-63.
    • (2002) Exp Gerontol , vol.37 , pp. 257-263
    • Paganelli, R.1    Di Iorio, A.2    Patricelli, L.3
  • 49
    • 0043092132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peripheral cytokine release in Alzheimer patients: Correlation with disease severity
    • Sala G, Galimberti G, Canevari C, et al. Peripheral cytokine release in Alzheimer patients: correlation with disease severity. Neurobiol Aging 2003; 24: 909-14.
    • (2003) Neurobiol Aging , vol.24 , pp. 909-914
    • Sala, G.1    Galimberti, G.2    Canevari, C.3
  • 50
    • 84860501544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between inflammatory mediators, Aβ levels and ApoE genotype in Alzheimer disease
    • Reale M, Kamal MA, Velluto L, et al. Relationship between inflammatory mediators, Aβ levels and ApoE genotype in Alzheimer disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2012; 9: 447-57.
    • (2012) Curr Alzheimer Res , vol.9 , pp. 447-457
    • Reale, M.1    Kamal, M.A.2    Velluto, L.3
  • 51
    • 0036165085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Connecting cytokines and brain: A review of current issues
    • Quan N, Herkenham M. Connecting cytokines and brain: a review of current issues. Histol Histopathol 2002; 17: 273-88.
    • (2002) Histol Histopathol , vol.17 , pp. 273-288
    • Quan, N.1    Herkenham, M.2
  • 52
    • 52049105166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between the amyloid and cholinergic mechanisms in Alzheimer’s disease
    • Pakaski M, Kalman J. Interactions between the amyloid and cholinergic mechanisms in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurochem Int 2008; 53: 103-11.
    • (2008) Neurochem Int , vol.53 , pp. 103-111
    • Pakaski, M.1    Kalman, J.2
  • 53
    • 0002503154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-amyloid peptides as direct cholinergic neuromodulators: A missing link?
    • Auld DS, Kar S, Quirion R. Beta-amyloid peptides as direct cholinergic neuromodulators: a missing link? Trends Neurosci 1998; 21: 43-9.
    • (1998) Trends Neurosci , vol.21 , pp. 43-49
    • Auld, D.S.1    Kar, S.2    Quirion, R.3
  • 54
    • 0028918426 scopus 로고
    • Cholinesterase inhibitors increase secretion of APPs in brain cortex
    • Mori F, Lai CC, Fusi F, Giacobini E. Cholinesterase inhibitors increase secretion of APPs in brain cortex. Neuro Rep 1995; 6: 633-6.
    • (1995) Neuro Rep , vol.6 , pp. 633-636
    • Mori, F.1    Lai, C.C.2    Fusi, F.3    Giacobini, E.4
  • 55
    • 0029863697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acetyl-cholinesterase accelerates assembly of amyloid-beta-peptides into Alzheimer’s fibrils: Possible role of the peripheral site of the enzyme
    • Inestrosa N, Alvarez A, Perez CA, et al. Acetyl-cholinesterase accelerates assembly of amyloid-beta-peptides into Alzheimer’s fibrils: possible role of the peripheral site of the enzyme. Neuron 1996; 16: 881-91.
    • (1996) Neuron , vol.16 , pp. 881-891
    • Inestrosa, N.1    Alvarez, A.2    Perez, C.A.3
  • 56
    • 0031025045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nontoxic amyloid beta peptide1-42 suppresses acetylcholine synthesis. Possible role in cholinergic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease
    • Hoshi M, Takashima A, Murayama M, et al. Nontoxic amyloid beta peptide1-42 suppresses acetylcholine synthesis. Possible role in cholinergic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. J Biol Chem 1997; 272: 2038-41.
    • (1997) J Biol Chem , vol.272 , pp. 2038-2041
    • Hoshi, M.1    Takashima, A.2    Murayama, M.3
  • 58
    • 28044437122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibition elevates brain acetylcholine, augments learning and lowers Alzheimer beta-amyloid peptide in rodent
    • Greig NH, Utsuki T, Ingram DK, et al. Selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibition elevates brain acetylcholine, augments learning and lowers Alzheimer beta-amyloid peptide in rodent. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102: 17213-8
    • (2005) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.102 , pp. 17213-17218
    • Greig, N.H.1    Utsuki, T.2    Ingram, D.K.3
  • 59
    • 0036363671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Benefits of dual cholinesterase inhibition
    • Ballard CG. Advances in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: benefits of dual cholinesterase inhibition. Eur Neurol 2002; 47: 64-70.
    • (2002) Eur Neurol , vol.47 , pp. 64-70
    • Ballard, C.G.1
  • 60
    • 84856378492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Huprine-tacrine heterodimers as anti-amyloidogenic compounds of potential interest against Alzheimer's and prion diseases
    • Galdeano C, Viayna E, Sola I, et al. Huprine-tacrine heterodimers as anti-amyloidogenic compounds of potential interest against Alzheimer's and prion diseases. J Med Chem 2012; 55: 661-9.
    • (2012) J Med Chem , vol.55 , pp. 661-669
    • Galdeano, C.1    Viayna, E.2    Sola, I.3
  • 61
    • 0033781487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscarinic agonists reduce tau phosphorylation in non-neuronal cells via GSK-3beta inhibition and in neurons
    • Forlenza OV, Spink JM, Dayanandan R, et al. Muscarinic agonists reduce tau phosphorylation in non-neuronal cells via GSK-3beta inhibition and in neurons. J Neural Transm 2000; 107: 1201-12.
    • (2000) J Neural Transm , vol.107 , pp. 1201-1212
    • Forlenza, O.V.1    Spink, J.M.2    Dayanandan, R.3
  • 62
    • 0036676048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AF150(S) and AF267B: M1 muscarinic agonists as innovative therapies for Alzheimer's disease
    • Fisher A, Brandeis R, Bar-Ner RH, et al. AF150(S) and AF267B: M1 muscarinic agonists as innovative therapies for Alzheimer's disease. J Mol Neurosci 2002; 19: 145-53.
    • (2002) J Mol Neurosci , vol.19 , pp. 145-153
    • Fisher, A.1    Brandeis, R.2    Bar-Ner, R.H.3
  • 63
    • 0037375876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinesterases: New roles in brain function and in Alzheimer's disease
    • Giacobini E. Cholinesterases: new roles in brain function and in Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Res 2003; 28: 515-22.
    • (2003) Neurochem Res , vol.28 , pp. 515-522
    • Giacobini, E.1
  • 64
    • 33645755812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Parkinson’s complex: Parkinsonism is just the tip of the iceberg
    • Langstom JW. The Parkinson’s complex: parkinsonism is just the tip of the iceberg. Ann Neurol 2006; 59: 591-6.
    • (2006) Ann Neurol , vol.59 , pp. 591-596
    • Langstom, J.W.1
  • 65
    • 0003096420 scopus 로고
    • Zur pathologischen Anatomie der Paralysis agitans
    • Lewy FH. Zur pathologischen Anatomie der Paralysis agitans. Dtsh Ztschr Nervenheilkunde 1913; 50: 50-5.
    • (1913) Dtsh Ztschr Nervenheilkunde , vol.50 , pp. 50-55
    • Lewy, F.H.1
  • 66
    • 79955746757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Cholinergic System and Parkinson Disease
    • Bohnen NI, Albin RL. The Cholinergic System and Parkinson Disease. Behav Brain Res 2011; 221: 564-73.
    • (2011) Behav Brain Res , vol.221 , pp. 564-573
    • Bohnen, N.I.1    Albin, R.L.2
  • 67
    • 0026806536 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic innervation of the human striatum, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, substantia nigra, and red nucleus
    • Mesulam M, Mash D, Hersh L, Bothwell M, Geula C. Cholinergic innervation of the human striatum, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, substantia nigra, and red nucleus. J Comp Neurol 1992; 323: 252-68.
    • (1992) J Comp Neurol , vol.323 , pp. 252-268
    • Mesulam, M.1    Mash, D.2    Hersh, L.3    Bothwell, M.4    Geula, C.5
  • 68
    • 77958147569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • α6β2* and α4β2* Nicotinic Receptors Both Regulate Dopamine Signaling with Increased Nigrostriatal Damage: Relevance to Parkinson's Disease
    • Perez XA, Bordia T, McIntosh JM, Quik M. α6β2* and α4β2* Nicotinic Receptors Both Regulate Dopamine Signaling with Increased Nigrostriatal Damage: Relevance to Parkinson's Disease. Mol Pharmacol 2010; 78: 971-80.
    • (2010) Mol Pharmacol , vol.78 , pp. 971-980
    • Perez, X.A.1    Bordia, T.2    McIntosh, J.M.3    Quik, M.4
  • 69
    • 34447255185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pooled analysis of tobacco use and risk of Parkinson disease
    • Ritz B, Ascherio A, Checkoway H, et al. Pooled analysis of tobacco use and risk of Parkinson disease. Arch Neurol 2007; 64: 990-7.
    • (2007) Arch Neurol , vol.64 , pp. 990-997
    • Ritz, B.1    Ascherio, A.2    Checkoway, H.3
  • 70
    • 34548674712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotinic receptors as CNS targets for Parkinson’s disease
    • Quik M, Bordia TK. Nicotinic receptors as CNS targets for Parkinson’s disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2007; 74: 1224-34.
    • (2007) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.74 , pp. 1224-1234
    • Quik, M.1    Bordia, T.K.2
  • 71
    • 84883828888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in the pharmacological treatment of Parkinson’s disease: Targeting neurotransmitter systems
    • Brichta L, Greengard P, Flajolet M. Advances in the pharmacological treatment of Parkinson’s disease: targeting neurotransmitter systems. Trends Neurosci 2013; 36: 543-54.
    • (2013) Trends Neurosci , vol.36 , pp. 543-554
    • Brichta, L.1    Greengard, P.2    Flajolet, M.3
  • 72
    • 77749324808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Striatal muscarinic receptors promote activity-dependence of dopamine transmission via distinct receptor subtypes on cholinergic interneurons in ventral versus dorsal striatum
    • Threlfell S, Clements MA, Khodai T, et al. Striatal muscarinic receptors promote activity-dependence of dopamine transmission via distinct receptor subtypes on cholinergic interneurons in ventral versus dorsal striatum. J Neurosci 2010; 30: 3398-408.
    • (2010) J Neurosci , vol.30 , pp. 3398-3408
    • Threlfell, S.1    Clements, M.A.2    Khodai, T.3
  • 74
    • 0030752709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aggregation of huntingtin in neuronal intranuclear inclusions and dystrophic neurites in brain
    • DiFiglia M, Sapp E, Chase KO, et al. Aggregation of huntingtin in neuronal intranuclear inclusions and dystrophic neurites in brain. Science 1997; 277: 1990-3.
    • (1997) Science , vol.277 , pp. 1990-1993
    • Difiglia, M.1    Sapp, E.2    Chase, K.O.3
  • 75
    • 16044373842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exon 1 of the HD gene with an expanded CAG repeat issufficient to cause a progressive neurological phenotype in transgenic mice
    • Mangiarini L, Sathasivam K, Seller M, et al. Exon 1 of the HD gene with an expanded CAG repeat issufficient to cause a progressive neurological phenotype in transgenic mice. Cell 1996; 87: 493-506.
    • (1996) Cell , vol.87 , pp. 493-506
    • Mangiarini, L.1    Sathasivam, K.2    Seller, M.3
  • 76
    • 0031978837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Striatal spiny neurons and cholinergic interneurons express differential ionotropic glutamatergic responses and vulnerability: Implications for ischemia and Huntington’s disease
    • Calabresi P, Centonze D, Pisani A, et al. Striatal spiny neurons and cholinergic interneurons express differential ionotropic glutamatergic responses and vulnerability: implications for ischemia and Huntington’s disease. Ann Neurol 1998; 43: 586-97.
    • (1998) Ann Neurol , vol.43 , pp. 586-597
    • Calabresi, P.1    Centonze, D.2    Pisani, A.3
  • 77
    • 0016804636 scopus 로고
    • Regional distribution of choline acetyltransferase in the human brain: Changes in Huntington’s chorea
    • Aquilonius SM, Eckernas SA, Sundwall A. Regional distribution of choline acetyltransferase in the human brain: changes in Huntington’s chorea. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1975; 38: 669-77.
    • (1975) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.38 , pp. 669-677
    • Aquilonius, S.M.1    Eckernas, S.A.2    Sundwall, A.3
  • 78
    • 0018973928 scopus 로고
    • Neurochemical alterations in Huntington's chorea: A study of post-mortem brain tissue
    • Spokes EG. Neurochemical alterations in Huntington's chorea: a study of post-mortem brain tissue. Brain 1980; 103(1): 179-210.
    • (1980) Brain , vol.103 , Issue.1 , pp. 179-210
    • Spokes, E.G.1
  • 79
    • 33750201279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic neuronal defect without cell loss in Huntington’s disease
    • Smith R, Chung H, Rundquist S, et al. Cholinergic neuronal defect without cell loss in Huntington’s disease. Human Mol Gen 2006; 15: 3119-31.
    • (2006) Human Mol Gen , vol.15 , pp. 3119-3131
    • Smith, R.1    Chung, H.2    Rundquist, S.3
  • 80
    • 84872056224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysregulation of RESTregulated coding and non-coding RNAs in a cellular model of Huntington’s disease
    • Soldati C, Bithell A, Johnston C, et al. Dysregulation of RESTregulated coding and non-coding RNAs in a cellular model of Huntington’s disease. J Neurochem 2013; 124: 418-30.
    • (2013) J Neurochem , vol.124 , pp. 418-430
    • Soldati, C.1    Bithell, A.2    Johnston, C.3
  • 81
    • 58049197863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Huntingtin regulates RE1-silencing transcription factor/neuron-restrictive silencer factor (REST/NRSF) nuclear trafficking indirectly through a complex with REST/NRSF-interacting LIM domain protein (RILP) and dynactin p150 Glued
    • Shimojo M. Huntingtin regulates RE1-silencing transcription factor/neuron-restrictive silencer factor (REST/NRSF) nuclear trafficking indirectly through a complex with REST/NRSF-interacting LIM domain protein (RILP) and dynactin p150 Glued. J Biol Chem 2008; 283: 34880-6.
    • (2008) J Biol Chem , vol.283 , pp. 34880-34886
    • Shimojo, M.1
  • 82
    • 0041353535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Huntingtin interacts with REST/NRSF to modulate the transcription of NRSE-controlled neuronal genes
    • Zuccato C, Tartari M, Crotti A, et al. Huntingtin interacts with REST/NRSF to modulate the transcription of NRSE-controlled neuronal genes. Nat Gen 2003; 35: 76-83.
    • (2003) Nat Gen , vol.35 , pp. 76-83
    • Zuccato, C.1    Tartari, M.2    Crotti, A.3
  • 83
    • 0017660646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Choline therapy in Huntington chorea
    • Aquilonius SM, Eckernas SA. Choline therapy in Huntington chorea. Neurology 1997; 27: 887-89.
    • (1997) Neurology , vol.27 , pp. 887-889
    • Aquilonius, S.M.1    Eckernas, S.A.2
  • 84
    • 0016243852 scopus 로고
    • Physostigmine in choreiform movement disorders
    • Tarsy D, Leopold N, Sax DS. Physostigmine in choreiform movement disorders. Neurology 1974; 24: 28-33.
    • (1974) Neurology , vol.24 , pp. 28-33
    • Tarsy, D.1    Leopold, N.2    Sax, D.S.3
  • 87
    • 0034713266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vagus nerve stimulation attenuates the systemic inflammatory response to endotoxin
    • Borovikova LV, Ivanova S, Zhang M, et al. Vagus nerve stimulation attenuates the systemic inflammatory response to endotoxin. Nature 2000; 405: 458-61.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.405 , pp. 458-461
    • Borovikova, L.V.1    Ivanova, S.2    Zhang, M.3
  • 88
    • 0034695178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of vagus nerve signaling in CNI-1493-mediated suppression of acute inflammation
    • Borovikova LV, Ivanova S, Nardi D, et al. Role of vagus nerve signaling in CNI-1493-mediated suppression of acute inflammation. Auton Neurosci 2000; 85: 141-7.
    • (2000) Auton Neurosci , vol.85 , pp. 141-147
    • Borovikova, L.V.1    Ivanova, S.2    Nardi, D.3
  • 89
    • 33846585119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic infections and inflammation affect chronic neurodegeneration
    • Perry VH, Cunningham C, Holmes C. Systemic infections and inflammation affect chronic neurodegeneration. Nature Rev Immunol 2007; 7: 161-7.
    • (2007) Nature Rev Immunol , vol.7 , pp. 161-167
    • Perry, V.H.1    Cunningham, C.2    Holmes, C.3
  • 91
    • 0028984572 scopus 로고
    • The effect of interleukin-β on the efferent activity of the vagus nerve to the thymus
    • Niijima A, Hori T, Katafuchi T, Ichijo T. The effect of interleukin-β on the efferent activity of the vagus nerve to the thymus. J Auton Nerv Syst 1995; 54: 137-44.
    • (1995) J Auton Nerv Syst , vol.54 , pp. 137-144
    • Niijima, A.1    Hori, T.2    Katafuchi, T.3    Ichijo, T.4
  • 92
    • 0029554162 scopus 로고
    • The autonomic nervous system as a communication channel between the brain and the immune system
    • Hori T, Katafuchi T, Take S, Shimizu N, Niijima A. The autonomic nervous system as a communication channel between the brain and the immune system. Neuroimmunomodulation 1995; 2: 203-15.
    • (1995) Neuroimmunomodulation , vol.2 , pp. 203-215
    • Hori, T.1    Katafuchi, T.2    Take, S.3    Shimizu, N.4    Niijima, A.5
  • 93
    • 23844454674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of the vagus nerve attenuates macrophage activation by activating the Jak2-STAT3 signaling pathway
    • de Jonge WJ, van der Zanden EP, The FO, et al. Stimulation of the vagus nerve attenuates macrophage activation by activating the Jak2-STAT3 signaling pathway. Nat Immunol 2005; 6: 844-51.
    • (2005) Nat Immunol , vol.6 , pp. 844-851
    • De Jonge, W.J.1    Van Der Zanden, E.P.2    The, F.O.3
  • 94
    • 33745830175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Splenectomy inactivates the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway during lethal endotoxemia and polymicrobial sepsis
    • Huston JM, Ochani M, Rosas-Ballina M, et al. Splenectomy inactivates the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway during lethal endotoxemia and polymicrobial sepsis. J Exp Med 2006; 203(7):1623-8.
    • (2006) J Exp Med , vol.203 , Issue.7 , pp. 1623-1628
    • Huston, J.M.1    Ochani, M.2    Rosas-Ballina, M.3
  • 95
    • 33749321161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The vagus nerve: A tonic inhibitory influence associated with inflammatory bowel disease in a murine model
    • Ghia JE, Blennerhassett P, Kumar-Ondiveeran H, Verdu EF, Collins SM. The vagus nerve: a tonic inhibitory influence associated with inflammatory bowel disease in a murine model. Gastroenterology 2006; 131: 1122-30.
    • (2006) Gastroenterology , vol.131 , pp. 1122-1130
    • Ghia, J.E.1    Blennerhassett, P.2    Kumar-Ondiveeran, H.3    Verdu, E.F.4    Collins, S.M.5
  • 96
    • 84881000371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of MAPK/NF-κB signaling in the activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in experimental colitis by chronic vagus nerve stimulation
    • Sun P, Zhou K, Wang S, et al. Involvement of MAPK/NF-κB signaling in the activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in experimental colitis by chronic vagus nerve stimulation. PLoS One 2013; 8(8): e69424.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8 , Issue.8
    • Sun, P.1    Zhou, K.2    Wang, S.3
  • 97
    • 0037180778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The inflammatory reflex
    • Tracey KJ. The inflammatory reflex. Nature 2002; 420: 853-9.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.420 , pp. 853-859
    • Tracey, K.J.1
  • 98
    • 0037128643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Harnessing a neural-immune circuit to control inflammation and shock
    • Blalock JE. Harnessing a neural-immune circuit to control inflammation and shock. J Exp Med 2002; 195: F25-8.
    • (2002) J Exp Med , vol.195 , pp. F25-F28
    • Blalock, J.E.1
  • 99
    • 80053593864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholinesynthesizing T cells relay neural signals in a vagus nerve circuit
    • Rosas-Ballina M, Olafsson PS, Ochani M, et al. Acetylcholinesynthesizing T cells relay neural signals in a vagus nerve circuit. Science 2011; 334: 98-101.
    • (2011) Science , vol.334 , pp. 98-101
    • Rosas-Ballina, M.1    Olafsson, P.S.2    Ochani, M.3
  • 100
    • 0037470635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction: The non-neuronal cholinergic system in humans
    • Grando, SA, Kawashima K, Wessler I. Introduction: The non-neuronal cholinergic system in humans. Life Sci 2003; 72: 2009-12.
    • (2003) Life Sci , vol.72 , pp. 2009-2012
    • Grando, S.A.1    Kawashima, K.2    Wessler, I.3
  • 101
    • 17144370981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic stimulation blocks endothelial cell activation and leukocyte recruitment during inflammation
    • Saeed RW, Varma S, Peng-Nemeroff T, et al. Cholinergic stimulation blocks endothelial cell activation and leukocyte recruitment during inflammation. J Exp Med 2005; 201: 1113-23.
    • (2005) J Exp Med , vol.201 , pp. 1113-1123
    • Saeed, R.W.1    Varma, S.2    Peng-Nemeroff, T.3
  • 102
    • 0034104866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extraneuronal cholinergic system in lymphocytes
    • Kawashima K, Fujii T. Extraneuronal cholinergic system in lymphocytes. Pharmacol Ther 2000; 86: 29-48.
    • (2000) Pharmacol Ther , vol.86 , pp. 29-48
    • Kawashima, K.1    Fujii, T.2
  • 103
    • 23844517664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The vagus nerve and the nicotinic anti-inflammatory pathway
    • Ulloa L. The vagus nerve and the nicotinic anti-inflammatory pathway. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2005; 4: 673-84.
    • (2005) Nat Rev Drug Discov , vol.4 , pp. 673-684
    • Ulloa, L.1
  • 104
    • 0346398206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural inhibition of inflammation: The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway
    • Czura CJ, Friedman SG, Tracey KJ. Neural inhibition of inflammation: the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. J Endotoxin Res 2003; 9: 409-13.
    • (2003) J Endotoxin Res , vol.9 , pp. 409-413
    • Czura, C.J.1    Friedman, S.G.2    Tracey, K.J.3
  • 105
    • 39849108180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of muscarinic receptors in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses
    • Razani-Boroujerdi S, Behl M, Hahn FF, et al. Role of muscarinic receptors in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. J Neuroimmunol 2008; 194: 83-8.
    • (2008) J Neuroimmunol , vol.194 , pp. 83-88
    • Razani-Boroujerdi, S.1    Behl, M.2    Hahn, F.F.3
  • 106
    • 0037461768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7 subunit is an essential regulator of inflammation
    • Wang H, Yu M, Ochani M, et al. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7 subunit is an essential regulator of inflammation. Nature 2003; 421: 384-8.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.421 , pp. 384-388
    • Wang, H.1    Yu, M.2    Ochani, M.3
  • 107
    • 9144263639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic agonists inhibit HMGB1 release and improve survival in experimental sepsis
    • Wang H, Liao H, Ochani M, et al. Cholinergic agonists inhibit HMGB1 release and improve survival in experimental sepsis. Nat Med 2004; 10: 1216-21.
    • (2004) Nat Med , vol.10 , pp. 1216-1221
    • Wang, H.1    Liao, H.2    Ochani, M.3
  • 108
    • 34249307229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuro-immune interactions via the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway
    • Gallowitsch-Puerta M, Pavlov VA. Neuro-immune interactions via the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Life Sci 2007; 80: 2325-9.
    • (2007) Life Sci , vol.80 , pp. 2325-2329
    • Gallowitsch-Puerta, M.1    Pavlov, V.A.2
  • 109
    • 34547558959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor as a pharmacological target for inflammation
    • de Jonge WJ, Ulloa L. The alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor as a pharmacological target for inflammation. Br J Pharmacol 2007; 151(7): 915-29.
    • (2007) Br J Pharmacol , vol.151 , Issue.7 , pp. 915-929
    • De Jonge, W.J.1    Ulloa, L.2
  • 110
    • 84887240627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MicroRNA-124 mediates the cholinergic anti-inflammatory action through inhibiting the production of proinflammatory cytokines
    • Sun Y, Li Q, Gui H, et al. MicroRNA-124 mediates the cholinergic anti-inflammatory action through inhibiting the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Cell Res 2013; 23: 1270-83.
    • (2013) Cell Res , vol.23 , pp. 1270-1283
    • Sun, Y.1    Li, Q.2    Gui, H.3
  • 111
    • 84904515470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular Interaction of Human Brain Acetylcholinesterase with a Natural Inhibitor Huperzine-B: An Enzoinformatics Approach
    • Alam A, Shaikh S, Ahmad SS, et al. Molecular Interaction of Human Brain Acetylcholinesterase with a Natural Inhibitor Huperzine-B: An Enzoinformatics Approach. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2013; 13(3): 487-90.
    • (2013) CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 487-490
    • Alam, A.1    Shaikh, S.2    Ahmad, S.S.3
  • 112
    • 84873855195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of the Alzheimer drug Posiphen into its primary metabolic products (+)-N1-norPosiphen, (+)-N8-norPosiphen and (+)-N1, N8-bisnorPosiphen, their inhibition of amyloid precursor protein, α -Synuclein synthesis, interleukin-1β release, and cholinergic action
    • Yu QS, Reale M, Kamal MA, et al. Synthesis of the Alzheimer drug Posiphen into its primary metabolic products (+)-N1-norPosiphen, (+)-N8-norPosiphen and (+)-N1, N8-bisnorPosiphen, their inhibition of amyloid precursor protein, α -Synuclein synthesis, interleukin-1β release, and cholinergic action. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 2013; 12: 117-28.
    • (2013) Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem , vol.12 , pp. 117-128
    • Yu, Q.S.1    Reale, M.2    Kamal, M.A.3
  • 113
    • 44949096480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tetrahydrofurobenzofuran cymserine, a potent butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor and experimental Alzheimer drug candidate, enzyme kinetic analysis
    • Kamal MA, Qu X, Yu QS, et al. Tetrahydrofurobenzofuran cymserine, a potent butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor and experimental Alzheimer drug candidate, enzyme kinetic analysis. J Neural Transm 2008; 115: 889-98.
    • (2008) J Neural Transm , vol.115 , pp. 889-898
    • Kamal, M.A.1    Qu, X.2    Yu, Q.S.3
  • 114
    • 18244401355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors reduce brain and blood interleukin-1β production
    • Pollak Y, Gilboa A, Ben-Menachem O, et al. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors reduce brain and blood interleukin-1β production. Ann Neurol 2005; 57: 741-5.
    • (2005) Ann Neurol , vol.57 , pp. 741-745
    • Pollak, Y.1    Gilboa, A.2    Ben-Menachem, O.3
  • 115
    • 0025972506 scopus 로고
    • In vivo biological and immunohistochemical analysis of interleukin-1 α, β and tumor necrosis factor during experimental endotoxemia
    • Chensue SW, Terebuh PD, Remick DG, Scales WE, Kunkel SL. In vivo biological and immunohistochemical analysis of interleukin-1 α, β and tumor necrosis factor during experimental endotoxemia. Am J Pathol 1991; 138: 395-402.
    • (1991) Am J Pathol , vol.138 , pp. 395-402
    • Chensue, S.W.1    Terebuh, P.D.2    Remick, D.G.3    Scales, W.E.4    Kunkel, S.L.5
  • 116
    • 14844322281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors effects on oncostatin-M, interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 release from lymphocytes of Alzheimer’s disease patients
    • Reale M, Iarlori C, Gambi F, et al. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors effects on oncostatin-M, interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 release from lymphocytes of Alzheimer’s disease patients. Exp Gerontol 2005; 40: 165-71.
    • (2005) Exp Gerontol , vol.40 , pp. 165-171
    • Reale, M.1    Iarlori, C.2    Gambi, F.3
  • 117
    • 80053563273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NeurimmiRs: MicroRNAs in the neuroimmune interface
    • Soreq H, Wolf Y. NeurimmiRs: microRNAs in the neuroimmune interface. Trends Mol Med 2011; 17: 548-55.
    • (2011) Trends Mol Med , vol.17 , pp. 548-555
    • Soreq, H.1    Wolf, Y.2
  • 118
    • 84882300659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New pharmacological approaches to the cholinergic system: An overview on muscarinic receptor ligands and cholinesterase inhibitors
    • Greig NH, Reale M, Tata AM. New pharmacological approaches to the cholinergic system: an overview on muscarinic receptor ligands and cholinesterase inhibitors. Rec Pat CNS Drug Discov 2013; 8: 123-41.
    • (2013) Rec Pat CNS Drug Discov , vol.8 , pp. 123-141
    • Greig, N.H.1    Reale, M.2    Tata, A.M.3
  • 119
    • 0344255794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The lymphocytic cholinergic system and its contribution to the regulation of immune activity
    • Kawashima K, Fujii T. The lymphocytic cholinergic system and its contribution to the regulation of immune activity. Life Sci 2003; 74: 675-96.
    • (2003) Life Sci , vol.74 , pp. 675-696
    • Kawashima, K.1    Fujii, T.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.