Parental perceptions and childhood dietary quality

Maternal and Child Health Journal

Volumn 18, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 978-995

  Adamo, Kristi B ^a,b   Brett, Kendra E ^a,b  

^a CHILDREN S HOSPITAL OF EASTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Children; Diet quality; Healthful eating; Parental perception

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; CANADA; CHILD; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; CHILD NUTRITION; CHILD PARENT RELATION; CHILD WELFARE; DIET; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENT; PARENT; PERCEPTION; PHYSIOLOGY; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PSYCHOLOGY; QUALITY CONTROL; RISK ASSESSMENT; SOCIOECONOMICS; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; CANADA; CHILD; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; CHILD NUTRITIONAL PHYSIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA; CHILD WELFARE; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DIET; FEMALE; FOOD HABITS; HEALTH KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, PRACTICE; HUMANS; MALE; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS; PARENT-CHILD RELATIONS; PARENTING; PARENTS; PERCEPTION; QUALITY CONTROL; RISK ASSESSMENT; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84899433213     PISSN: 10927875     EISSN: 15736628     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10995-013-1326-6     Document Type: Article

References (163)

1. International Association for the Study of Obesity (2012). Global childhood overweight. IASO prevalence data. Available from: http://www.iaso.org/ publications/trackingobesity/.
2. Martin, H. P. (1973). Nutrition: Its relationship to children's physical, mental, and emotional development. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 26(7), 766-775.
3. Austin, S. B.; Melly, S. J.; Sanchez, B. N.; Patel, A.; Buka, S.; Gortmaker, S. L. (2005). Clustering of fast-food restaurants around schools: A novel application of spatial statistics to the study of food environments. American Journal of Public Health, 95(9), 1575-1581. (Pubitemid 41232951)
4. Popkin, B. M.; Gordon-Larsen, P. (2004). The nutrition transition: Worldwide obesity dynamics and their determinants. International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders, 28(Suppl 3), S2-S9.
5. Veugelers, P. J.; Fitzgerald, A. L.; Johnston, E. (2005). Dietary intake and risk factors for poor diet quality among children in Nova Scotia. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 96(3), 212-216. (Pubitemid 40779049)
6. Garriguet, D. (2007). Canadians' eating habits. Health Reports, 18(2), 17-32.
7. World Health Organization. (2004). Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study: International report from the 2001/2002 survey, Eating Habits.
8. Eaton, D. K.; Kann, L.; Kinchen, S.; Shanklin, S.; Ross, J.; Hawkins, J.; et al. (2010). Youth risk behavior surveillance - United States, 2009. MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 59(5), 1-142.
9. Harrison, K.; Marske, A. L. (2005). Nutritional content of foods advertised during the television programs children watch most. American Journal of Public Health, 95(9), 1568-1574. (Pubitemid 41232950)
10. Drewnowski, A. (2009). Obesity, diets, and social inequalities. Nutrition Reviews, 67(Suppl 1), S36-S39.
11. Keane, A.; Willetts, A. (1994). Factors that affect food choice. Nutrition & Food Science, 94(4), 15-17.
12. Seaman, C. E. A. (1997). Healthy eating for children under two years- just what is appropriate? Nutrition & Food Science, 97(1), 12-14. (Pubitemid 127021532)
13. Canadian Medical Association. (2006). National report card: General population. Ipsos Reid Corporation; Report No.: Final summary report.
14. Eckstein, K. C.; Mikhail, L. M.; Ariza, A. J.; Thomson, J. S.; Millard, S. C.; Binns, H. J. (2006). Parents' perceptions of their child's weight and health. Pediatrics, 117(3), 681-690. (Pubitemid 46063209)
15. Garrett-Wright, D. (2011). Parental perception of preschool child body weight. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 26(5), 435-445.
16. He, M.; Evans, A. (2007). Are parents aware that their children are overweight or obese? Do they care? Canadian Family Physician, 53(9), 1493-1499. (Pubitemid 351194562)
17. Corder, K.; van Sluijs, E. M.; McMinn, A. M.; Ekelund, U.; Cassidy, A.; Griffin, S. J. (2010). Perception versus reality awareness of physical activity levels of British children. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 38(1), 1-8.
18. Adamo, K. B.; Papadakis, S.; Dojeiji, L.; Turnau, M.; Simmons, L.; Parameswaran, M.; et al. (2010). Using path analysis to understand parents' perceptions of their children's weight, physical activity and eating habits in the Champlain region of Ontario. Paediatr Child Health, 15(9), e33-e41.
19. Dammann, K. W.; Smith, C.; Richards, R. (2011). Low-income minority and homeless mothers' perceptions of their 9-13 year-old children's weight status, diet, and health. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 15(1), 106-114.
20. Roberts, E. M. (2006). Negotiating food choice: Parents' perception of children's eating behaviour. Anthropological Notebooks, 12(1), 63-77.
21. Kourlaba, G.; Kondaki, K.; Grammatikaki, E.; Roma-Giannikou, E.; Manios, Y. (2009). Diet quality of preschool children and maternal perceptions/ misperceptions: The GENESIS study. Public Health, 123(11), 738-742.
22. Ventura, A. K.; Birch, L. L. (2008). Does parenting affect children's eating and weight status? International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 5, 15.
23. Wansink, B. (2006). Nutritional gatekeepers and the 72 % solution. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 106(9), 1324-1327.
24. Andrews, K. R.; Silk, K. S.; Eneli, I. U. (2010). Parents as health promoters: A theory of planned behavior perspective on the prevention of childhood obesity. Journal of Health Communication, 15(1), 95-107.
25. Bassett, R.; Chapman, G. E.; Beagan, B. L. (2008). Autonomy and control: The co-construction of adolescent food choice. Appetite, 50(2-3), 325-332. (Pubitemid 351296319)
26. Beydoun, M. A.; Wang, Y. (2008). Do nutrition knowledge and beliefs modify the association of socio-economic factors and diet quality among US adults? Preventive Medicine, 46(2), 145-153. (Pubitemid 351163303)
27. De Irala-Estevez, J.; Groth, M.; Johansson, L.; Oltersdorf, U.; Prattala, R.; Martinez-Gonzalez, M. A. (2000). A systematic review of soci-economic differences in food habits in Europe: Consumption of fruit and vegetables. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 54, 706-714.
28. Pabayo, R.; Spence, J. C.; Casey, L.; Storey, K. (2012). Food consumption patterns in preschool children. Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research, 73(2), 66-71.
29. Colapinto, C. K.; Fitzgerald, A.; Taper, L. J.; Veugelers, P. J. (2007). Children's preference for large portions: Prevalence, determinants, and consequences. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 107(7), 1183-1190. (Pubitemid 46976855)
30. Storey, K. E.; Forbes, L. E.; Fraser, S. N.; Spence, J. C.; Plotnikoff, R. C.; Raine, K. D.; et al. (2009). Diet quality, nutrition and physical activity among adolescents: The Web-SPAN (web-survey of physical activity and nutrition) project. Public Health Nutrition, 12(11), 2009-2017.
31. Guidetti, M.; Cavazza, N. (2008). Structure of the relationship between parents' and children's food preferences and avoidances: An explorative study. Appetite, 50(1), 83-90. (Pubitemid 350086741)
32. Calvert, S. L. (2008). Children as consumers: Advertising and marketing. Future of Children, 18(1), 205-234. (Pubitemid 351679937)
33. Kelly, J.; Tuner, J. J.; McKenna, K. (2006). What parents think: Children and healthy eating. British Food Journal, 108(5), 413-423. (Pubitemid 43727381)
34. Dennison, B. A.; Erb, T. A.; Jenkins, P. L. (2001). Predictors of dietary milk fat intake by preschool children. Preventive Medicine, 33(6), 536-542. (Pubitemid 34101876)
35. Finistrella, V.; Manco, M.; Ferrara, A.; Rustico, C.; Presaghi, F.; Morino, G. (2012). Cross-sectional exploration of maternal reports of food neophobia and pickiness in preschooler-mother dyads. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 31(3), 152-159.
36. Sutherland, L. A.; Beavers, D. P.; Kupper, L. L.; Bernhardt, A. M.; Heatherton, T.; Dalton, M. A. (2008). Like parent, like child: Child food and beverage choices during role playing. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 162(11), 1063-1069.
37. van der Horst, K.; Oenema, A.; Ferreira, I.; Wendel-Vos, W.; Giskes, K.; van Lenthe, F.; et al. (2007). A systematic review of environmental correlates of obesity-related dietary behaviors in youth. Health Education Research, 22(2), 203-226. (Pubitemid 46439745)
38. Patrick, H.; Nicklas, T. A. (2005). A review of family and social determinants of children's eating patterns and diet quality. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 24(2), 83-92. (Pubitemid 40489654)
39. Lumeng, J. C.; Cardinal, T. M.; Jankowski, M.; Kaciroti, N.; Gelman, S. A. (2008). Children's use of adult testimony to guide food selection. Appetite, 51(2), 302-310.
40. Klesges, R. C.; Stein, R. J.; Eck, L. H.; Isbell, T. R.; Klesges, L. M. (1991). Parental influence on food selection in young children and its relationships to childhood obesity. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 53(4), 859-864. (Pubitemid 21898847)
41. Birch, L. L.; Davison, K. K. (2001). Family environmental factors influencing the developing behavioral controls of food intake and childhood overweight. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 48(4), 893-907. (Pubitemid 32718101)
42. Fisher, J. O.; Birch, L. L. (1999). Restricting access to palatable foods affects children's behavioral response, food selection, and intake. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 69(6), 1264-1272. (Pubitemid 29252063)
43. Fisher, J. O.; Birch, L. L. (1999). Restricting access to foods and children's eating. Appetite, 32(3), 405-419. (Pubitemid 29286864)
44. Backett-Milburn, K. C.; Wills, W. J.; Gregory, S.; Lawton, J. (2006). Making sense of eating, weight and risk in the early teenage years: views and concerns of parents in poorer socio-economic circumstances. Social Science and Medicine, 63(3), 624-635. (Pubitemid 43831441)
45. Dixon, J.; Banwell, C. (2004). Heading the table: Parenting and the junior consumer. British Food Journal, 105(3), 182-193.
46. Schor, J. B.; Ford, M. (2007). From tastes great to cool: Children's food marketing and the rise of the symbolic. The Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, 35(1), 10-21.
47. Turner, J. J.; Kelly, J.; McKenna, K. (2006). Food for thought: Parents' perspectives of child influence. British Food Journal, 108(3), 181-191.
48. Mrdjenovic, G.; Levitsky, D. A. (2005). Children eat what they are served: The imprecise regulation of energy intake. Appetite, 44(3), 273-282. (Pubitemid 40775751)
49. Craig, L. (2006). Does father care mean father share? A comparison of how mothers and fathers in intact families spend time with children. Gender and Society, 20(2), 259-281. (Pubitemid 43319969)
50. Campbell, K. J.; Crawford, D. A.; Salmon, J.; Carver, A.; Garnett, S. P.; Baur, L. A. (2007). Associations between the home food environment and obesity-promoting eating behaviors in adolescence. Obesity (Silver Spring), 15(3), 719-730. (Pubitemid 46643326)
51. Keane, A. (1997). Too hard to swallow? The palatability of healthy eating advice. In P. Caplan (Ed.), Food, health and identity (pp. 172-192). London: Rutledge.
52. Skinner, J. D.; Carruth, B. R.; Wendy, B.; Ziegler, P. J. (2002). Children's food preferences: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 102(11), 1638-1647. (Pubitemid 40434084)
53. Fisk, C. M.; Crozier, S. R.; Inskip, H. M.; Godfrey, K. M.; Cooper, C.; Robinson, S. M. (2011). Influences on the quality of young children's diets: The importance of maternal food choices. British Journal of Nutrition, 105(2), 287-296.
54. Ofcom. (2004). Childhood obesity - food advertising in context. Children's food choices, parents' understanding and influence and the role of food promotion. United Kingdom: Office of Communications.
55. Baughcum, A. E.; Chamberlin, L. A.; Deeks, C. M.; Powers, S. W.; Whitaker, R. C. (2000). Maternal perceptions of overweight preschool children. Pediatrics, 106(6), 1380-1386.
56. Francis, L. A.; Birch, L. L. (2005). Maternal influences on daughters' restrained eating behavior. Health Psychology, 24(6), 548-554. (Pubitemid 41698163)
57. Scaglioni, S.; Salvioni, M.; Galimberti, C. (2008). Influence of parental attitudes in the development of children eating behaviour. British Journal of Nutrition, 99(Suppl 1), S22-S25.
58. Binkin, N.; Spinelli, A.; Baglio, G.; Lamberti, A. (2011). What is common becomes normal: The effect of obesity prevalence on maternal perception. Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases.
59. Boutelle, K.; Fulkerson, J. A.; Neumark-Sztainer, D.; Story, M. (2004). Mothers' perceptions of their adolescents' weight status: Are they accurate? Obesity Research, 12(11), 1754-1757. (Pubitemid 41133023)
60. Rhee, K. E.; De Lago, C. W.; Rscott-Mills, T.; Mehta, S. D.; Davis, R. K. (2005). Factors associated with parental readiness to make changes for overweight children. Pediatrics, 116(1), e94-e101.
61. Young-Hyman, D.; Herman, L. J.; Scott, D. L.; Schlundt, D. G. (2000). Care giver perception of children's obesity-related health risk: A study of African American families. Obesity Research, 8(3), 241-248.
62. Jeffery, A. N.; Voss, L. D.; Metcalf, B. S.; Alba, S.; Wilkin, T. J. (2005). Parents' awareness of overweight in themselves and their children: Cross sectional study within a cohort (EarlyBird 21). BMJ, 330(7481), 23-24. (Pubitemid 40070472)
63. Pocock, M.; Trivedi, D.; Wills, W.; Bunn, F.; Magnusson, J. (2010). Parental perceptions regarding healthy behaviours for preventing overweight and obesity in young children: A systematic review of qualitative studies. Obesity Review, 11(5), 338-353.
64. Regber, S.; Novak, M.; Eiben, G.; Bammann, K.; De Henauw, S.; Fernandez-Alvira, JM, et al. (2012). Parental perceptions of and concerns about child's body weight in eight European countries - the IDEFICS study. Pediatric Obesity.
65. West, D. S.; Raczynski, J. M.; Phillips, M. M.; Bursac, Z.; Heath, G. C.; Montgomery, B. E. (2008). Parental recognition of overweight in school-age children. Obesity (Silver Spring), 16(3), 630-636. (Pubitemid 351343760)
66. Variyam, J. N.; Blaylock, J.; Lin, B.; Ralston, K.; Smallwood, D. (1999). Mother's nutrition knowledge and children's dietary intakes. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 89, 373-384. (Pubitemid 129524194)
67. Vauthier, J. M.; Lluch, A.; Lecomte, E.; Artur, Y.; Herbeth, B. (1996). Family resemblance in energy and macronutrient intakes: The Stanislas family study. International Journal of Epidemiology, 25(5), 1030-1037. (Pubitemid 26348683)
68. Johnson, C. M.; Sharkey, J. R.; Dean, W. R.; Alex, M. W.; Kubena, K. S. (2011). It's who I am and what we eat. Mothers' food-related identities in family food choice. Appetite, 57(1), 220-228.
69. Lawrence, W.; Barker, M. (2009). A review of factors affecting the food choices of disadvantaged women. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 68(2), 189-194.
70. Raats, M. M. (2010). The role of consumers. Nestlé Nutrition Workshop Series Paediatric Programme, 66, 161-171.
71. Patterson, R. E.; Satia, J. A.; Kristal, A. R.; Neuhouser, M. L.; Drewnowski, A. (2001). Is there a consumer backlash against the diet and health message? Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 101(1), 37-41. (Pubitemid 33712694)
72. Conner, M.; Armitage, C. J. (2002). The social psychology of food. Buckingham: Open University Press.
73. Wardle, J.; Carnell, S.; Cooke, L. (2005). Parental control over feeding and children's fruit and vegetable intake: How are they related? Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 105(2), 227-232. (Pubitemid 40164688)
74. Harris, G. (2008). Development of taste and food preferences in children. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 11(3), 315-319. (Pubitemid 351533908)
75. Galloway, A. T.; Fiorito, L. M.; Francis, L. A.; Birch, L. L. (2006). 'Finish your soup': Counterproductive effects of pressuring children to eat on intake and affect. Appetite, 46(3), 318-323. (Pubitemid 43870388)
76. Galloway, A. T.; Fiorito, L.; Lee, Y.; Birch, L. L. (2005). Parental pressure, dietary patterns, and weight status among girls who are "picky eaters". Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 105(4), 541-548. (Pubitemid 40432384)
77. Harris, G. (2008). Development of taste and food preferences in children. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 11(3), 315-319. (Pubitemid 351533908)
78. Batsell, W. R, Jr, Brown, A. S.; Ansfield, M. E.; Paschall, G. Y. (2002). You will eat all of that!: A retrospective analysis of forced consumption episodes. Appetite, 38(3), 211-219. (Pubitemid 34734856)
79. Brown, K.; McIlveen, H.; Strugnell, C. (2000). Nutritional awareness and food preferences of young consumers. Nutrition & Food Science, 30(5), 230-235.
80. Nicklas, T. A.; Baranowski, T.; Baranowski, J. C.; Cullen, K.; Rittenberry, L.; Olvera, N. (2001). Family and child-care provider influences on preschool children's fruit, juice, and vegetable consumption. Nutrition Review, 59(7), 224-235. (Pubitemid 32643258)
81. Baumrind, D. (1989). Rearing competent children. In W. Damon (Ed.), Child development today and tomorrow (pp. 349-378). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
82. Berge, J. M.; Wall, M.; Bauer, K. W.; Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2010). Parenting characteristics in the home environment and adolescent overweight: A latent class analysis. Obesity (Silver Spring), 18(4), 818-825.
83. Casey, R.; Rozin, P. (1989). Changing children's food preferences: Parent opinions. Appetite, 12(3), 171-182.
84. Birch, L. L. (1998). Development of food acceptance patterns in the first years of life. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 57(4), 617-624. (Pubitemid 128737136)
85. Birch, L. L.; Fisher, J. O. (2000). Mothers' child-feeding practices influence daughters' eating and weight. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 71(5), 1054-1061. (Pubitemid 30230551)
86. Birch, L. L.; Fisher, J. O. (1998). Development of eating behaviors among children and adolescents. Pediatrics, 101(3 Pt 2), 539-549. (Pubitemid 28119989)
87. Carper, J. L.; Orlet, F. J.; Birch, L. L. (2000). Young girls' emerging dietary restraint and disinhibition are related to parental control in child feeding. Appetite, 35(2), 121-129.
88. Maccoby, E.; Martin, J. (1983). Socialization in the context of the family: Parent-child interaction. In E. M. Hetherington & P. H. Mussen (Eds.), Socialization, personality, and social development (4th ed.; pp. 1-101). New York: Wiley.
89. Kremers, S. P.; Brug, J.; de Vries, H.; Engels, R. C. (2003). Parenting style and adolescent fruit consumption. Appetite, 41(1), 43-50. (Pubitemid 37490777)
90. Patrick, H.; Nicklas, T. A.; Hughes, S. O.; Morales, M. (2005). The benefits of authoritative feeding style: Caregiver feeding styles and children's food consumption patterns. Appetite, 44(2), 243-249. (Pubitemid 40461682)
91. Kim, M. J.; McIntosh, W. A.; Anding, J.; Kubena, K. S.; Reed, D. B.; Moon, G. S. (2008). Perceived parenting behaviours predict young adolescents' nutritional intake and body fatness. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 4(4), 287-303.
92. Berge, J. M.; Wall, M.; Neumark-Sztainer, D.; Larson, N.; Story, M. (2010). Parenting style and family meals: Cross-sectional and 5-year longitudinal associations. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 110(7), 1036-1042.
93. Neumark-Sztainer, D.; Hannan, P. J.; Story, M.; Croll, J.; Perry, C. (2003). Family meal patterns: Associations with sociodemographic characteristics and improved dietary intake among adolescents. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 103(3), 317-322. (Pubitemid 38367641)
94. Hammons, A. J.; Fiese, B. H. (2011). Is frequency of shared family meals related to the nutritional health of children and adolescents? Pediatrics, 127(6), e1565-e1574.
95. McIntosh, A.; Kubena, K. S.; Tolle, G.; Dean, W.; Kim, M. J.; Jan, J. S.; et al. (2011). Determinants of children's use of and time spent in fast-food and full-service restaurants. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 43(3), 142-149.
96. De Bourdeaudhuij, I. (1997). Family food rules and healthy eating in adolescents. Journal of Health Psychology, 2(1), 45-56. (Pubitemid 27406123)
97. De Bourdeaudhuij, I.; Van, O. P. (1998). Family members' influence on decision making about food: Differences in perception and relationship with healthy eating. American Journal of Health Promotion, 13(2), 73-81. (Pubitemid 28525110)
98. McIntosh, W. A.; Kubena, K. S.; Tolle, G.; Dean, W. R.; Jan, J. S.; Anding, J. (2010). Mothers and meals. The effects of mothers' meal planning and shopping motivations on children's participation in family meals. Appetite, 55(3), 623-628.
99. Marquis, M.; Filion, Y. P.; Dagenais, F. (2005). Does eating while watching television influence children's food-related behaviours? Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research, 66(1), 12-18. (Pubitemid 41031125)
100. Stewart, S. D.; Menning, C. L. (2009). Family structure, nonresident father involvement, and adolescent eating patterns. Journal of Adolescent Health Care, 45(2), 193-201.
101. McNeal, J. U.; Yeh, C. H. (2003). Consumer behavior of Chinese children: 1995-2002. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 20(6), 542-544.
102. Janz, N. K.; Becker, M. H. (1984). The health belief model: A decade later. Health Education Quarterly, 11(1), 1-47.
103. Dwyer, J.; Needham, L.; Simpson, J. R.; Heeney, E. S. (2008). Parents report intrapersonal, interpersonal, and environmental barriers to supporting healthy eating and physical activity among their preschoolers. Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism, 33(2), 338-346.
104. Jain, A.; Sherman, S. N.; Chamberlin, L. A.; Carter, Y.; Powers, S. W.; Whitaker, R. C. (2001). Why don't low-income mothers worry about their preschoolers being overweight? Pediatrics, 107(5), 1138-1146. (Pubitemid 32440624)
105. Patterson, R. E.; Haines, P. S.; Popkin, B. M. (1994). Diet quality index: Capturing a multidimensional behavior. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 94(1), 57-64. (Pubitemid 24042186)
106. Darmon, N.; Drewnowski, A. (2008). Does social class predict diet quality? The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 87(5), 1107-1117. (Pubitemid 351679745)
107. Kirby, S. D.; Baranowski, T.; Reynolds, K. D.; Binkley, D. (1995). Children's fruit and vegetable intake: socioeconomic, adult-child, regional and urban-rural influences. Journal of Nutrition Education, 27, 261-271.
108. Xie, B.; Gilliland, F. D.; Li, Y. F.; Rockett, H. R. (2003). Effects of ethnicity, family income, and education on dietary intake among adolescents. Preventive Medicine, 36(1), 30-40. (Pubitemid 36034668)
109. Olson, C. M. (2005). Food insecurity in women: A recipe for unhealthy trade-offs. Topics in Clinical Nutrition, 20, 321-328.
110. Nabhani-Zeidan, M.; Naja, F.; Nasreddine, L. (2011). Dietary intake and nutrition-related knowledge in a sample of Lebanese adolescents of contrasting socioeconomic status. Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 32(2), 75-83.
111. Rosenkranz, R. R.; Dzewaltowski, D. A. (2008). Model of the home food environment pertaining to childhood obesity. Nutrition Review, 66(3), 123-140. (Pubitemid 351666647)
112. Alexy, U.; Sichert-Hellert, W.; Rode, T.; Kersting, M. (2008). Convenience food in the diet of children and adolescents: consumption and composition. British Journal of Nutrition, 99(2), 345-351.
113. Brunner, T. A.; van der Horst, K.; Siegrist, M. (2010). Convenience food products. Drivers for consumption. Appetite, 55(3), 498-506.
114. Beshara, M.; Hutchinson, A.; Wilson, C. (2010). Preparing meals under time stress. The experience of working mothers. Appetite, 55(3), 695-700.
115. Powell, L. M.; Nguyen, B. T. (2012). Fast-food and full-service restaurant consumption among children and adolescents: Effect on energy, beverage, and nutrient intake. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 5, 1-7.
116. Bowman, S. A.; Gortmaker, S. L.; Ebbeling, C. B.; Pereira, M. A.; Ludwig, D. S. (2004). Effects of fast-food consumption on energy intake and diet quality among children in a national household survey. Pediatrics, 113(1 Pt 1), 112-118. (Pubitemid 38057503)
117. Hejazi, N.; Mazloom, Z. (2009). Socioeconomic status, youth's eating patterns and meals consumed away from home. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 12(9), 730-733.
118. Powell, L. M.; Nguyen, B. T. (2012). Fast-food and full-service restaurant consumption among children and adolescents: Effect on energy, beverage, and nutrient intake. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 5, 1-7.
119. Glanz, K.; Basil, M.; Maibach, E.; Goldberg, J.; Snyder, D. (1998). Why Americans eat what they do: Taste, nutrition, cost, convenience, and weight control concerns as influences on food consumption. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 98(10), 1118-1126. (Pubitemid 28475868)
120. Roos, E.; Lehto, R.; Ray, C. (2012). Parental family food choice motives and children's food intake. Food Quality and Preference, 24, 85-91.
121. Carlson, A.; Frazao, E. (2012). Are healthy foods more expensive? It depends on how you measure the price. United States Department of Agriculture; Report No.: 96.
122. McDermott, A. J.; Stephens, M. B. (2010). Cost of eating: Whole foods versus convenience foods in a low-income model. Family Medicine, 42(4), 280-284.
123. Walker, R.; Dobson, B.; Middleton, S.; Beardsworth, A.; Keil, T. (1995). Managing to eat on a low income. Nutrition & Food Science, 95(3), 5-10.
124. Slater, A.; Bowen, J.; Corsini, N.; Gardner, C.; Golley, R.; Noakes, M. (2010). Understanding parent concerns about children's diet, activity and weight status: An important step towards effective obesity prevention interventions. Public Health Nutrition, 13(8), 1221-1228.
125. Brown, K. A.; Ogden, J.; Vogele, C.; Gibson, E. L. (2008). The role of parental control practices in explaining children's diet and BMI. Appetite, 50(2-3), 252-259. (Pubitemid 351296312)
126. Carruth, B. R.; Skinner, J. D. (2000). Revisiting the picky eater phenomenon: Neophobic behaviors of young children. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 19(6), 771-780. (Pubitemid 32064159)
127. Hursti, U.; Sjoden, P. (1997). Food and general neophobia and their relationship with self-reported food choice: Familial resemblance in Swedish families with children of ages 7-17 years. Appetite, 29(1), 89-103. (Pubitemid 27397141)
128. Nicklaus, S. (2009). Development of food variety in children. Appetite, 52(1), 253-255.
129. Osborne, C. L.; Forestell, C. A. (2012). Increasing children's consumption of fruit and vegetables: Does the type of exposure matter? Physiology & Behavior, 106(3), 362-368.
130. Birch, L. L. (1999). Development of food preferences. Annual Review of Nutrition, 19, 41-62. (Pubitemid 29380596)
131. Sullivan, S. A.; Birch, L. L. (1994). Infant dietary experience and acceptance of solid foods. Pediatrics, 93(2), 271-277. (Pubitemid 24047165)
132. Johnson, C. M.; Sharkey, J. R.; Dean, W. R. (2011). It's all about the children: A participant-driven photo-elicitation study of Mexican-origin mothers' food choices. BMC Womens Health, 11, 41.
133. Cooke, L.; Wardle, J.; Gibson, E. L. (2003). Relationship between parental report of food neophobia and everyday food consumption in 2-6-year-old children. Appetite, 41(2), 205-206. (Pubitemid 37188752)
134. Harris, G. (1993). Introducing the infant's first solid food. British Food Journal, 95(9), 7-10.
135. Blanchette, L.; Brug, J. (2005). Determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption among 6-12-year-old children and effective interventions to increase consumption. Journal of Human Nutrition & Dietetics, 18(6), 431-443. (Pubitemid 43013403)
136. Dennison, C. M.; Shepherd, R. (1995). Adolescent food choice: An application of the theory of planned behaviour. Journal of Human Nutrition & Dietetics, 8, 9-23.
137. Larson, N. I.; Neumark-Sztainer, D. R.; Story, M. T.; Wall, M. M.; Harnack, L. J.; Eisenberg, M. E. (2008). Fast food intake: Longitudinal trends during the transition to young adulthood and correlates of intake. Journal of Adolescent Health, 43(1), 79-86.
138. Baxter, S. D.; Thompson, W. O.; Davis, H. C. (2001). Trading of food during school lunch by first- and fourth-grade children. Nutrition Research, 21, 499-503. (Pubitemid 32247027)
139. Rideout, V. J.; Foehr, U. G.; Roberts, D. F. (2010). Generation M2: Media in the lives of 8- to 18-year olds. The Kaiser Family Foundation Study. California: Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation.
140. Batada, A.; Seitz, M. D.; Wootan, M. G.; Story, M. (2008). Nine out of 10 food advertisements shown during Saturday morning children's television programming are for foods high in fat, sodium, or added sugars, or low in nutrients. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 108(4), 673-678. (Pubitemid 351423387)
141. Bezbaruah, N.; Brunt, A. (2012). The influence of cartoon character advertising on fruit and vegetable preferences of 9- to 11-year-old children. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 44(5), 438-441.
142. Hebden, L.; King, L.; Kelly, B. (2011). Art of persuasion: An analysis of techniques used to market foods to children. Journal of Paediatr Child Health, 47(11), 776-782.
143. Jones, S. C.; Mannino, N.; Green, J. (2010). 'Like me, want me, buy me, eat me': relationship-building marketing communications in children's magazines. Public Health Nutrition, 13(12), 2111-2118.
144. Kopelman, C. A.; Roberts, L. M.; Adab, P. (2007). Advertising of food to children: Is brand logo recognition related to their food knowledge, eating behaviours and food preferences? Journal of Public Health (Oxford), 29(4), 358-367.
145. Graff, S.; Kunkel, D.; Mermin, S. E. (2012). Government can regulate food advertising to children because cognitive research shows that it is inherently misleading. Health Affairs (Millwood), 31(2), 392-398.
146. Harris, J. L.; Graff, S. K. (2012). Protecting young people from junk food advertising: Implications of psychological research for first amendment law. American Journal of Public Health, 102(2), 214-222.
147. Rossen, L. M. (2012). Restricting unhealthful food advertising to children and the first amendment. Preventing Chronic Disease, 9, E30.
148. Cairns, G.; Angus, K.; Hastings, G.; Caraher, M. (2013) Systematic reviews of the evidence on the nature, extent and effects of food marketing to children. A retrospective summary. Appetite, 62(1), 209-215.
149. Pettigrew, S.; Roberts, M.; Chapman, K.; Quester, P.; Miller, C. (2012). The use of negative themes in television food advertising. Appetite, 58(2), 496-503.
150. Ferguson, C. J.; Munoz, M. E.; Medrano, M. R. (2012). Advertising influences on young children's food choices and parental influence. Journal of Pediatric, 160(3), 452-455.
151. Crouch, P.; O'Dea, J. A.; Battisti, R. (2007). Child feeding practices and perceptions of childhood overweight and childhood obesity risk among mothers of preschool children. Nutrition & Dietetics, 64, 151-158.
152. Hesketh, K.; Waters, E.; Green, J.; Salmon, L.; Williams, J. (2005). Healthy eating, activity and obesity prevention: A qualitative study of parent and child perceptions in Australia. Health Promotion International, 20(1), 19-26. (Pubitemid 40363690)
153. Campbell, K. J.; Crawford, D. A.; Ball, K. (2006). Family food environment and dietary behaviors likely to promote fatness in 5-6 year-old children. International Journal of Obesity (London), 30(8), 1272-1280. (Pubitemid 44141618)
154. Steinsbekk, S.; Odegard, R.; Wichstrom, M. (2011). Treatment of obesity in children: Parent's perceived emotional barriers as predictor of change in body fat. Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, 5, e229-e238.
155. Tandon, P. S.; Wright, J.; Zhou, C.; Rogers, C. B.; Christakis, D. A. (2010). Nutrition menu labeling may lead to lower-calorie restaurant meal choices for children. Pediatrics, 125(2), 244-248.
156. Potvin, K. M.; Dubois, L.; Wanless, A. (2012). A nutritional comparison of foods and beverages marketed to children in two advertising policy environments. Obesity (Silver Spring), 20(9), 1829-1837.
157. Brambila-Macias, J.; Shankar, B.; Capacci, S.; Mazzocchi, M.; Perez-Cueto, F. J.; Verbeke, W.; et al. (2011). Policy interventions to promote healthy eating: A review of what works, what does not, and what is promising. Food Nutrition Bulletin, 32(4), 365-375.
158. Day, P. L.; Pearce, J. (2011). Obesity-promoting food environments and the spatial clustering of food outlets around schools. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 40(2), 113-121.
159. Bevans, K. B.; Sanchez, B.; Teneralli, R.; Forrest, C. B. (2011). Children's eating behavior: The importance of nutrition standards for foods in schools. Journal of School Health, 81(7), 424-429.
160. Powell, L. M.; Chriqui, J. F.; Khan, T.; Wada, R.; Chaloupka, F. J. (2013). Assessing the potential effectiveness of food and beverage taxes and subsidies for improving public health: A systematic review of prices, demand and body weight outcomes. Obesity Review, 14(2), 110-128.
161. Adamo, K. B.; Ferraro, Z. M.; Brett, K. E. (2012). Can we modify the intrauterine environment to halt the intergenerational cycle of obesity? International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 9(4), 1263-1307.
162. Klohe-Lehman, D. M.; Freeland-Graves, J.; Clarke, K. K.; Cai, G.;
163. Webber, C. B.; Sobal, J.; Dollahite, J. S. (2010). Shopping for fruits and vegetables. Food and retail qualities of importance to low-income households at the grocery store. Appetite, 54(2), 297-303.