Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 as an inflammatory factor and drug target

Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology

Volumn 114, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 24-36

  Korhonen, Riku ^a   Moilanen, Eeva ^a  

^a TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Finland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE P38; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE PHOSPHATASE; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE PHOSPHATASE 1; STRESS ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE;

ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; AUTOIMMUNITY; BACTERIAL INFECTION; CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTE; CD8+ T LYMPHOCYTE; HUMAN; IMMUNOMODULATION; INFLAMMATION; INNATE IMMUNITY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; REVIEW; TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION;

ANIMALS; ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS; ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS; AUTOIMMUNITY; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; HUMANS; IMMUNITY, INNATE; INFLAMMATION; MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE PHOSPHATASES; MOLECULAR TARGETED THERAPY; P38 MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES; PHOSPHORYLATION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

EID: 84890710196     PISSN: 17427835     EISSN: 17427843     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12141     Document Type: Review

References (129)

1. Plotnikov A, Zehorai E, Procaccia S, Seger R. The MAPK cascades: signaling components, nuclear roles and mechanisms of nuclear translocation. Biochim Biophys Acta 2011;1813:1619-33.
2. Raman M, Chen W, Cobb MH. Differential regulation and properties of MAPKs. Oncogene 2007;26:3100-12.
3. Coulombe P, Meloche S. Atypical mitogen-activated protein kinases: structure, regulation and functions. Biochim Biophys Acta 2007;1773:1376-87.
4. Coulthard LR, White DE, Jones DL, McDermott MF, Burchill SA. p38MAPK: stress responses from molecular mechanisms to therapeutics. Trends Mol Med 2009;15:369-79.
5. Rincón M, Davis RJ. Regulation of the immune response by stress-activated protein kinases. Immunol Rev 2009;228:212-24.
6. Kramer RM, Roberts EF, Um SL, Borsch-Haubold AG, Watson SP, Fisher MJ et al. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylates cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) in thrombin-stimulated platelets. evidence that proline-directed phosphorylation is not required for mobilization of arachidonic acid by cPLA2. J Biol Chem 1996;271:27723-9.
7. Ashwell JD. The many paths to p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in the immune system. Nat Rev Immunol 2006;6:532-40.
8. Caunt CJ, Keyse SM. Dual-specificity MAP kinase phosphatases (MKPs). FEBS J 2013;280:489-504.
9. Owens DM, Keyse SM. Differential regulation of MAP kinase signalling by dual-specificity protein phosphatases. Oncogene 2007;26:3203-13.
10. Alonso A, Sasin J, Bottini N, Friedberg I, Friedberg I, Osterman A et al. Protein tyrosine phosphatases in the human genome. Cell 2004;117:699-711.
11. Patterson KI, Brummer T, O'Brien PM, Daly RJ. Dual-specificity phosphatases: critical regulators with diverse cellular targets. Biochem J 2009;418:475-89.
12. Theodosiou A, Ashworth A. MAP kinase phosphatases. Genome Biol 2002;3:reviews3009.1-3009.10.
13. Keyse SM, Emslie EA. Oxidative stress and heat shock induce a human gene encoding a protein-tyrosine phosphatase. Nature 1992;359:644-7.
14. Liu Y, Gorospe M, Yang C, Holbrook NJ. Role of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase during the cellular response to genotoxic stress: inhibition of c-jun N-terminal kinase activity and AP-1-dependent gene activation. J Biol Chem 1995;270:8377-80.
15. Sun H, Charles CH, Lau LF, Tonks NK. MKP-1 (3CH134), an immediate early gene product, is a dual specificity phosphatase that dephosphorylates MAP kinase in vivo. Cell 1993;75:487-93.
16. Groom LA, Sneddon AA, Alessi DR, Dowd S, Keyse SM. Differential regulation of the MAP, SAP and RK/p38 kinases by Pyst1, a novel cytosolic dual-specificity phosphatase. EMBO J 1996;15:3621-32.
17. Chu Y, Solski PA, Khosravi-Far R, Der CJ, Kelly K. The mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatases PAC1, MKP-1, and MKP-2 have unique substrate specificities and reduced activity in vivo toward the ERK2 sevenmaker mutation. J Biol Chem 1996;271:6497-501.
18. Franklin CC, Kraft AS. Conditional expression of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase MKP-1 preferentially inhibits p38 MAPK and stress-activated protein kinase in U937 cells. J Biol Chem 1997;272:16917-23.
19. Franklin CC, Srikanth S, Kraft AS. Conditional expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1, MKP-1, is cytoprotective against UV-induced apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998;95:3014-9.
20. Turpeinen T, Nieminen R, Moilanen E, Korhonen R. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 negatively regulates the expression of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and cyclooxygenase-2 in A549 human lung epithelial cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2010;333:310-8.
21. Hammer M, Mages J, Dietrich H, Servatius A, Howells N, Cato ACB et al. Dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) regulates a subset of LPS-induced genes and protects mice from lethal endotoxin shock. J Exp Med 2006;203:15-20.
22. Zhao Q, Wang X, Nelin LD, Yao Y, Matta R, Manson ME et al. MAP kinase phosphatase 1 controls innate immune responses and suppresses endotoxic shock. J Exp Med 2006;203:131-40.
23. Chi H, Barry SP, Roth RJ, Wu JJ, Jones EA, Bennett AM et al. Dynamic regulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines by MAPK phosphatase 1 (MKP-1) in innate immune responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006;103:2274-9.
24. Korhonen R, Turpeinen T, Taimi V, Nieminen R, Goulas A, Moilanen E. Attenuation of the acute inflammatory response by dual specificity phosphatase 1 by inhibition of p38 MAP kinase. Mol Immunol 2011;48:2059-68.
25. Shi H, Boadu E, Mercan F, Le AM, Flach RJR, Zhang L et al. MAP kinase phosphatase-1 deficiency impairs skeletal muscle regeneration and exacerbates muscular dystrophy. FASEB J 2010;24:2985-97.
26. Wu JJ, Roth RJ, Anderson EJ, Hong E, Lee M, Choi CS et al. Mice lacking MAP kinase phosphatase-1 have enhanced MAP kinase activity and resistance to diet-induced obesity. Cell Metab 2006;4:61-73.
27. Wang X, Zhao Q, Matta R, Meng X, Liu X, Liu C et al. Inducible nitric-oxide synthase expression is regulated by mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1. J Biol Chem 2009;284:27123-34.
28. Boutros T, Chevet E, Metrakos P. Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase/MAP kinase phosphatase regulation: roles in cell growth, death, and cancer. Pharmacol Rev 2008;60:261-310.
29. Shipp LE, Lee JV, Yu C, Pufall M, Zhang P, Scott DK et al. Transcriptional regulation of human dual specificity protein phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) gene by glucocorticoids. PLoS ONE 2010;5:e13754.
30. Kwak SP, Hakes DJ, Martell KJ, Dixon JE. Isolation and characterization of a human dual specificity protein-tyrosine phosphatase gene. J Biol Chem 1994;269:3596-604.
31. Zhang Y, Leung DYM, Richers BN, Liu Y, Remigio LK, Riches DW et al. Vitamin D inhibits monocyte/macrophage proinflammatory cytokine production by targeting MAPK phosphatase-1. J Immunol 2012;188:2127-35.
32. Wang Z, Cao N, Nantajit D, Fan M, Liu Y, Li JJ. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 represses c-jun NH2-terminal kinase-mediated apoptosis via NF-κB regulation. J Biol Chem 2008;283:21011-23.
33. Noguchi T, Metz R, Chen L, Mattei MG, Carrasco D, Bravo R. Structure, mapping, and expression of erp, a growth factor-inducible gene encoding a nontransmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase, and effect of ERP on cell growth. Mol Cell Biol 1993;13:5195-205.
34. Sommer A, Burkhardt H, Keyse SM, Luscher B. Synergistic activation of the mkp-1 gene by protein kinase A signaling and USF, but not c-myc. FEBS Lett 2000;474:146-50.
35. Li J, Gorospe M, Hutter D, Barnes J, Keyse SM, Liu Y. Transcriptional induction of MKP-1 in response to stress is associated with histone H3 phosphorylation-acetylation. Mol Cell Biol 2001;21:8213-24.
36. Laderoute KR, Mendonca HL, Calaoagan JM, Knapp AM, Giaccia AJ, Stork PJ. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) expression is induced by low oxygen conditions found in solid tumor microenvironments. A candidate MKP for the inactivation of hypoxia-inducible stress-activated protein kinase/c-jun N-terminal protein kinase activity. J Biol Chem 1999;274:12890-7.
37. Casals-Casas C, Alvarez E, Serra M, de la Torre C, Farrera C, Sanchez-Tillo E et al. CREB and AP-1 activation regulates MKP-1 induction by LPS or M-CSF and their kinetics correlate with macrophage activation versus proliferation. Eur J Immunol 2009;39:1902-13.
38. Ryser S, Massiha A, Piuz I, Schlegel W. Stimulated initiation of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) gene transcription involves the synergistic action of multiple cis-acting elements in the proximal promoter. Biochem J 2004;378:473-84.
39. Fujita T, Ryser S, Tortola S, Piuz I, Schlegel W. Gene-specific recruitment of positive and negative elongation factors during stimulated transcription of the MKP-1 gene in neuroendocrine cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2007;35:1007-17.
40. Zhu Q, Liu Q, Chen J, Lan K, Ge B. MicroRNA-101 targets MAPK phosphatase-1 to regulate the activation of MAPKs in macrophages. J Immunol 2010;185:7435-42.
41. Kuwano Y, Kim HH, Abdelmohsen K, Pullmann R Jr, Martindale JL, Yang X et al. MKP-1 mRNA stabilization and translational control by RNA-binding proteins HuR and NF90. Mol Cell Biol 2008;28:4562-75.
42. Brondello J, Brunet A, Pouyssegur J, McKenzie FR. The dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 and -2Are induced by the p42/p44MAPK cascade. J Biol Chem 1997;272:1368-76.
43. Brion L, Maloberti PM, Gomez NV, Poderoso C, Gorostizaga AB, Mori Sequeiros Garcia MM et al. MAPK phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) expression is up-regulated by hCG/cAMP and modulates steroidogenesis in MA-10 leydig cells. Endocrinology 2011;152:2665-77.
44. Bokemeyer D, Lindemann M, Kramer HJ. Regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 in vascular smooth muscle cells. Hypertension 1998;32:661-7.
45. Lee J, Komatsu K, Lee BC, Lim JH, Jono H, Xu H et al. Phosphodiesterase 4B mediates extracellular signal-regulated kinase-dependent up-regulation of mucin MUC5AC protein by Streptococcus pneumoniae by inhibiting cAMP-protein kinase A-dependent MKP-1 phosphatase pathway. J Biol Chem 2012;287:22799-811.
46. Ryser S, Tortola S, van Haasteren G, Muda M, Li S, Schlegel W. MAP kinase phosphatase-1 gene transcription in rat neuroendocrine cells is modulated by a calcium-sensitive block to elongation in the first exon. J Biol Chem 2001;276:33319-27.
47. Scimeca JC, Servant MJ, Dyer JO, Meloche S. Essential role of calcium in the regulation of MAP kinase phosphatase-1 expression. Oncogene 1997;15:717-25.
48. Valledor AF, Arpa L, Sanchez-Tillo E, Comalada M, Casals C, Xaus J et al. IFN-γ-mediated inhibition of MAPK phosphatase expression results in prolonged MAPK activity in response to M-CSF and inhibition of proliferation. Blood 2008;112:3274-82.
49. Sanchez-Tillo E, Comalada M, Xaus J, Farrera C, Valledor AF, Caelles C et al. JNK1 is required for the induction of Mkp1 expression in macrophages during proliferation and lipopolysaccharide-dependent activation. J Biol Chem 2007;282:12566-73.
50. Zhang J, Wang Q, Zhu N, Yu M, Shen B, Xiang J et al. Cyclic AMP inhibits JNK activation by CREB-mediated induction of c-FLIP(L) and MKP-1, thereby antagonizing UV-induced apoptosis. Cell Death Differ 2008;15:1654-62.
51. Korhonen R, Hömmö T, Keränen T, Laavola M, Hämäläinen M, Vuolteenaho K et al. Attenuation of TNF production and experimentally-induced inflammation by phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor rolipram is mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1. Br J Pharmacol 2013;169:1525-36.
52. Doddareddy MR, Rawling T, Ammit AJ. Targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1): structure-based design of MKP-1 inhibitors and upregulators. Curr Med Chem 2012;19:163-73.
53. Farooq A, Zhou MM. Structure and regulation of MAPK phosphatases. Cell Signal 2004;16:769-79.
54. Slack DN, Seternes OM, Gabrielsen M, Keyse SM. Distinct binding determinants for ERK2/p38alpha and JNK map kinases mediate catalytic activation and substrate selectivity of map kinase phosphatase-1. J Biol Chem 2001;276:16491-500.
55. Brondello JM, Pouyssegur J, McKenzie FR. Reduced MAP kinase phosphatase-1 degradation after p42/p44MAPK-dependent phosphorylation. Science 1999;286:2514-7.
56. Lin YW, Chuang SM, Yang JL. ERK1/2 achieves sustained activation by stimulating MAPK phosphatase-1 degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. J Biol Chem 2003;278:21534-41.
57. Lin YW, Yang JL. Cooperation of ERK and SCFSkp2 for MKP-1 destruction provides a positive feedback regulation of proliferating signaling. J Biol Chem 2006;281:915-26.
58. Choi B, Hur E, Lee J, Jun D, Kim K. Protein kinase cδ-mediated proteasomal degradation of MAP kinase phosphatase-1 contributes to glutamate-induced neuronal cell death. J Cell Sci 2006;119:1329-40.
59. Kim HS, Ullevig SL, Zamora D, Lee CF, Asmis R. Redox regulation of MAPK phosphatase 1 controls monocyte migration and macrophage recruitment. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2012;109:E2803-12.
60. Cao W, Bao C, Padalko E, Lowenstein CJ. Acetylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 inhibits toll-like receptor signaling. J Exp Med 2008;205:1491-503.
61. Dorfman K, Carrasco D, Gruda M, Ryan C, Lira SA, Bravo R. Disruption of the erp/mkp-1 gene does not affect mouse development: normal MAP kinase activity in ERP/MKP-1-deficient fibroblasts. Oncogene 1996;13:925-31.
62. Huang G, Wang Y, Shi L, Kanneganti T, Chi H. Signaling by the phosphatase MKP-1 in dendritic cells imprints distinct effector and regulatory T cell fates. Immunity 2011;35:45-58.
63. Zhang Y, Reynolds JM, Chang SH, Martin-Orozco N, Chung Y, Nurieva RI et al. MKP-1 is necessary for T cell activation and function. J Biol Chem 2009;284:30815-24.
64. Duric V, Banasr M, Licznerski P, Schmidt HD, Stockmeier CA, Simen AA et al. A negative regulator of MAP kinase causes depressive behavior. Nat Med 2010;16:1328-32.
65. Vicent S, Garayoa M, López-Picazo JM, Lozano MD, Toledo G, Thunnissen FBJM et al. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 is overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer and is an independent predictor of outcome in patients. Clin Cancer Res 2004;10:3639-49.
66. Rauhala HE, Porkka KP, Tolonen TT, Martikainen PM, Tammela TL, Visakorpi T. Dual-specificity phosphatase 1 and serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase are downregulated in prostate cancer. Int J Cancer 2005;117:738-45.
67. Bhavsar P, Hew M, Khorasani N, Torrego A, Barnes PJ, Adcock I et al. Relative corticosteroid insensitivity of alveolar macrophages in severe asthma compared with non-severe asthma. Thorax 2008;63:784-90.
68. Kjellerup RB, Johansen C, Kragballe K, Iversen L. The expression of dual specificity phosphatase 1 mRNA is downregulated in lesional psoriatic skin. Br J Dermatol 2012;168:339-45.
69. Kugler S, Schuller S, Goebel W. Involvement of MAP-kinases and -phosphatases in uptake and intracellular replication of listeria monocytogenes in J774 macrophage cells. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1997;157:131-6.
70. Salojin KV, Owusu IB, Millerchip KA, Potter M, Platt KA, Oravecz T. Essential role of MAPK phosphatase-1 in the negative control of innate immune responses. J Immunol 2006;176:1899-907.
71. Turpeinen T, Nieminen R, Taimi V, Heittola T, Sareila O, Clark AR et al. Dual specificity phosphatase 1 regulates human inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by p38 MAP kinase. Mediators Inflamm 2011;2011:127587.
72. Sartori R, Li F, Kirkwood KL. MAP kinase phosphatase-1 protects against inflammatory bone loss. J Dent Res 2009;88:1125-30.
73. Yu H, Li Q, Herbert B, Zinna R, Martin K, Junior CR et al. Anti-inflammatory effect of MAPK phosphatase-1 local gene transfer in inflammatory bone loss. Gene Ther 2010;18:344-53.
74. Frazier WJ, Wang X, Wancket LM, Li X, Meng X, Nelin LD et al. Increased inflammation, impaired bacterial clearance, and metabolic disruption after gram-negative sepsis in mkp-1-deficient mice. J Immunol 2009;183:7411-9.
75. -/- mice in polymicrobial peritonitis models. Immunology 2010;131:395-404.
76. Sewnath ME, Olszyna DP, Birjmohun R, ten Kate FJ, Gouma DJ, van Der Poll T. IL-10-deficient mice demonstrate multiple organ failure and increased mortality during Escherichia coli peritonitis despite an accelerated bacterial clearance. J Immunol 2001;166:6323-31.
77. Reddy RC, Chen GH, Newstead MW, Moore T, Zeng X, Tateda K et al. Alveolar macrophage deactivation in murine septic peritonitis: role of interleukin 10. Infect Immun 2001;69:1394-401.
78. -/- mice: critical role of IL-6. J Leukoc Biol 2010;88:579-87.
79. Korhonen R, Huotari N, Hömmö T, Leppänen T, Moilanen E. The expression of interleukin-12 is increased by MAP kinase phosphatase-1 through a mechanism related to interferon regulatory factor 1. Mol Immunol 2012;51:219-26.
80. Wang X, Meng X, Kuhlman JR, Nelin LD, Nicol KK, English BK et al. Knockout of mkp-1 enhances the host inflammatory responses to gram-positive bacteria. J Immunol 2007;178:5312-20.
81. Tanzola MB, Kersh GJ. The dual specificity phosphatase transcriptome of the murine thymus. Mol Immunol 2006;43:754-62.
82. Lohoff M, Ferrick D, Mittrucker HW, Duncan GS, Bischof S, Rollinghoff M et al. Interferon regulatory factor-1 is required for a T helper 1 immune response in vivo. Immunity 1997;6:681-9.
83. Taki S, Sato T, Ogasawara K, Fukuda T, Sato M, Hida S et al. Multistage regulation of Th1-type immune responses by the transcription factor IRF-1. Immunity 1997;6:673-9.
84. Matta R, Barnard JA, Wancket LM, Yan J, Xue J, Grieves J et al. Knockout of mkp-1 exacerbates colitis in il-10-deficient mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2012;302:G1322-35.
85. Huang G, Wang Y, Vogel P, Kanneganti TD, Otsu K, Chi H. Signaling via the kinase p38alpha programs dendritic cells to drive TH17 differentiation and autoimmune inflammation. Nat Immunol 2012;13:152-61.
86. Vattakuzhi Y, Abraham SM, Freidin A, Clark AR, Horwood NJ. Dual-specificity phosphatase-1 null mice exhibit spontaneous osteolytic disease and enhanced inflammatory osteolysis in experimental arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2012;62:2201-10.
87. Brand DD, Kang AH, Rosloniec EF. Immunopathogenesis of collagen arthritis. Springer Semin Immunopathol 2003;25:3-18.
88. Leung PS, Shu SA, Kenny TP, Wu PY, Tao MH. Development and validation of gene therapies in autoimmune diseases: epidemiology to animal models. Autoimmun Rev 2010;9:A400-5.
89. Croxford AL, Mair F, Becher B. IL-23: one cytokine in control of autoimmunity. Eur J Immunol 2012;42:2263-73.
90. + T cells. Science 2010;327:1098-102.
91. Samoilova EB, Horton JL, Hilliard B, Liu TS, Chen Y. IL-6-deficient mice are resistant to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: roles of IL-6 in the activation and differentiation of autoreactive T cells. J Immunol 1998;161:6480-6.
92. Serada S, Fujimoto M, Mihara M, Koike N, Ohsugi Y, Nomura S et al. IL-6 blockade inhibits the induction of myelin antigen-specific Th17 cells and Th1 cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008;105:9041-6.
93. Leech MD, Barr TA, Turner DG, Brown S, O'Connor RA, Gray D et al. Cutting edge: IL-6-dependent autoimmune disease: dendritic cells as a sufficient, but transient, source. J Immunol 2013;190:881-5.
94. Manetsch M, Che W, Seidel P, Chen Y, Ammit AJ. MKP-1: a negative feedback effector that represses MAPK-mediated pro-inflammatory signaling pathways and cytokine secretion in human airway smooth muscle cells. Cell Signal 2012;24:907-13.
95. Kelly MM, King EM, Rider CF, Gwozd C, Holden NS, Eddleston J et al. Corticosteroid-induced gene expression in allergen-challenged asthmatic subjects taking inhaled budesonide. Br J Pharmacol 2012;165:1737-47.
96. Sutherland ER, Goleva E, Strand M, Beuther DA, Leung DYM. Body mass and glucocorticoid response in asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008;178:682-7.
97. Robins S, Roussel L, Schachter A, Risse PA, Mogas AK, Olivenstein R et al. Steroid-insensitive ERK1/2 activity drives CXCL8 synthesis and neutrophilia by airway smooth muscle. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2011;45:984-90.
98. Issa R, Xie S, Khorasani N, Sukkar M, Adcock IM, Lee K et al. Corticosteroid inhibition of growth-related oncogene protein-α via mitogen-activated kinase phosphatase-1 in airway smooth muscle cells. J Immunol 2007;178:7366-75.
99. Abraham SM, Lawrence T, Kleiman A, Warden P, Medghalchi M, Tuckermann J et al. Antiinflammatory effects of dexamethasone are partly dependent on induction of dual specificity phosphatase 1. J Exp Med 2006;203:1883-9.
100. Kassel O, Sancono A, Kratzschmar J, Kreft B, Stassen M, Cato AC. Glucocorticoids inhibit MAP kinase via increased expression and decreased degradation of MKP-1. EMBO J 2001;20:7108-16.
101. Kaur M, Chivers JE, Giembycz MA, Newton R. Long-acting beta2-adrenoceptor agonists synergistically enhance glucocorticoid-dependent transcription in human airway epithelial and smooth muscle cells. Mol Pharmacol 2008;73:203-14.
102. Furst R, Schroeder T, Eilken HM, Bubik MF, Kiemer AK, Zahler S et al. MAPK phosphatase-1 represents a novel anti-inflammatory target of glucocorticoids in the human endothelium. FASEB J 2007;21:74-80.
103. Tchen CR, Martins JR, Paktiawal N, Perelli R, Saklatvala J, Clark AR. Glucocorticoid regulation of mouse and human dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) genes: unusual cis-acting elements and unexpected evolutionary divergence. J Biol Chem 2010;285:2642-52.
104. Bhattacharyya S, Brown DE, Brewer JA, Vogt SK, Muglia LJ. Macrophage glucocorticoid receptors regulate toll-like receptor 4-mediated inflammatory responses by selective inhibition of p38 MAP kinase. Blood 2007;109:4313-9.
105. Vandevyver S, Dejager L, Van Bogaert T, Kleyman A, Liu Y, Tuckermann J et al. Glucocorticoid receptor dimerization induces MKP1 to protect against TNF-induced inflammation. J Clin Invest 2012;122:2130-40.
106. Li F, Zhang M, Hussain F, Triantaphyllopoulos K, Clark AR, Bhavsar PK et al. Inhibition of p38 MAPK-dependent bronchial contraction after ozone by corticosteroids. Eur Respir J 2011;37:933-42.
107. 2-agonists upregulate mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1: in vitro mechanisms. Br J Pharmacol 2012;166:2049-59.
108. Quante T, Ng YC, Ramsay EE, Henness S, Allen JC, Parmentier J et al. Corticosteroids reduce IL-6 in ASM cells via up-regulation of MKP-1. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2008;39:208-17.
109. Jin Y, Hu D, Peterson EL, Eng C, Levin AM, Wells K et al. Dual-specificity phosphatase 1 as a pharmacogenetic modifier of inhaled steroid response among asthmatic patients. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010;126:618-25. e1-2.
110. Wang X, Nelin LD, Kuhlman JR, Meng X, Welty SE, Liu Y. The role of MAP kinase phosphatase-1 in the protective mechanism of dexamethasone against endotoxemia. Life Sci 2008;83:671-80.
111. Joanny E, Ding Q, Gong L, Kong P, Saklatvala J, Clark AR. Anti-inflammatory effects of selective glucocorticoid receptor modulators are partially dependent on up-regulation of dual specificity phosphatase 1. Br J Pharmacol 2012;165:1124-36.
112. Nieminen R, Korhonen R, Moilanen T, Clark AR, Moilanen E. Aurothiomalate inhibits cyclooxygenase 2, matrix metalloproteinase 3, and interleukin-6 expression in chondrocytes by increasing MAPK phosphatase 1 expression and decreasing p38 phosphorylation: MAPK phosphatase 1 as a novel target for antirheumatic drugs. Arthritis Rheum 2010;62:1650-9.
113. Rabe KF. Update on roflumilast, a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Br J Pharmacol 2011;163:53-67.
114. Papp K, Cather JC, Rosoph L, Sofen H, Langley RG, Matheson RT et al. Efficacy of apremilast in the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2012;380:738-46.
115. Schett G, Wollenhaupt J, Papp K, Joos R, Rodrigues JF, Vessey AR et al. Oral apremilast in the treatment of active psoriatic arthritis: results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Arthritis Rheum 2012;64:3156-67.
116. Page C, Spina D. Selective PDE inhibitors as novel treatments for respiratory diseases. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2012;12:275-86.
117. Houslay MD. Underpinning compartmentalised cAMP signalling through targeted cAMP breakdown. Trends Biochem Sci 2010;35:91-100.
118. Lee C, Kim H, Kim J, Ayush O, Im S, Oh D et al. Glutamine suppresses airway neutrophilia by blocking cytosolic phospholipase A2 via an induction of MAPK phosphatase-1. J Immunol 2012;189:5139-46.
119. Krishnan G, Chatterjee N. Endocannabinoids alleviate proinflammatory conditions by modulating innate immune response in muller glia during inflammation. Glia 2012;60:1629-45.
120. Jeffrey KL, Brummer T, Rolph MS, Liu SM, Callejas NA, Grumont RJ et al. Positive regulation of immune cell function and inflammatory responses by phosphatase PAC-1. Nat Immunol 2006;7:274-83.
121. Al-Mutairi MS, Cadalbert LC, McGachy HA, Shweash M, Schroeder J, Kurnik M et al. MAP kinase phosphatase-2 plays a critical role in response to infection by Leishmania mexicana. PLoS Pathog 2010;6:e1001192.
122. Cornell TT, Rodenhouse P, Cai Q, Sun L, Shanley TP. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 2 regulates the inflammatory response in sepsis. Infect Immun 2010;78:2868-76.
123. + T-cell proliferation without impeding T-cell development. Eur J Immunol 2012;42:476-88.
124. Kovanen PE, Bernard J, Al-Shami A, Liu C, Bollenbacher-Reilley J, Young L et al. T-cell development and function are modulated by dual specificity phosphatase DUSP5. J Biol Chem 2008;283:17362-9.
125. Qian F, Deng J, Gantner BN, Flavell RA, Dong C, Christman JW et al. Map kinase phosphatase 5 protects against sepsis-induced acute lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2012;302:L866-74.
126. Qian F, Deng J, Cheng N, Welch EJ, Zhang Y, Malik AB et al. A non-redundant role for MKP5 in limiting ROS production and preventing LPS-induced vascular injury. EMBO J 2009;28:2896-907.
127. Zhang Y, Blattman JN, Kennedy NJ, Duong J, Nguyen T, Wang Y et al. Regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses by MAP kinase phosphatase 5. Nature 2004;430:793-7.
128. Kumabe S, Itsumi M, Yamada H, Yajima T, Matsuguchi T, Yoshikai Y. Dual specificity phosphatase16 is a negative regulator of c-jun NH2-terminal kinase activity in T cells. Microbiol Immunol 2010;54:105-11.
129. Musikacharoen T, Bandow K, Kakimoto K, Kusuyama J, Onishi T, Yoshikai Y et al. Functional involvement of dual specificity phosphatase 16 (DUSP16), a c-jun N-terminal kinase-specific phosphatase, in the regulation of T helper cell differentiation. J Biol Chem 2011;286:24896-905.