메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 69, Issue 11-12, 2013, Pages 605-617

Is School Feminine? Implicit Gender Stereotyping of School as a Predictor of Academic Achievement

Author keywords

Gender gap in academic achievement; Gender role self concept; Implicit measures; School; Stereotypes

Indexed keywords


EID: 84888071100     PISSN: 03600025     EISSN: 15732762     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11199-013-0309-9     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (86)

References (76)
  • 2
    • 0035464223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereotype susceptibility in children: Effects of identity activation on quantitative performance
    • doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00371
    • Ambady, N., Shih, M., Kim, A., & Pittinsky, T. L. (2001). Stereotype susceptibility in children: Effects of identity activation on quantitative performance. Psychological Science, 12, 385-390. doi: 10. 1111/1467-9280. 00371.
    • (2001) Psychological Science , vol.12 , pp. 385-390
    • Ambady, N.1    Shih, M.2    Kim, A.3    Pittinsky, T.L.4
  • 3
    • 65049083146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender role self-concept and leisure activities of adolescents
    • doi:10.1007/s11199-008-9543-y
    • Athenstaedt, U., Mikula, G., & Bredt, C. (2009). Gender role self-concept and leisure activities of adolescents. Sex Roles, 60, 399-409. doi: 10. 1007/s11199-008-9543-y.
    • (2009) Sex Roles , vol.60 , pp. 399-409
    • Athenstaedt, U.1    Mikula, G.2    Bredt, C.3
  • 4
    • 0029245460 scopus 로고
    • Implicit gender stereotyping in judgments of fame
    • doi:10.1037/0022-3514.68.2.181
    • Banaji, M. R., & Greenwald, A. G. (1995). Implicit gender stereotyping in judgments of fame. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 181-198. doi: 10. 1037/0022-3514. 68. 2. 181.
    • (1995) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.68 , pp. 181-198
    • Banaji, M.R.1    Greenwald, A.G.2
  • 5
    • 32044459112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decoding the implicit association test: Implications for criterion prediction
    • doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2005.07.003
    • Blanton, H., Jaccard, J., Gonzales, P. M., & Christie, C. (2006). Decoding the implicit association test: Implications for criterion prediction. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 42, 192-212. doi: 10. 1016/j. jesp. 2005. 07. 003.
    • (2006) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.42 , pp. 192-212
    • Blanton, H.1    Jaccard, J.2    Gonzales, P.M.3    Christie, C.4
  • 6
    • 50649113225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender inequalities in education
    • doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.34.040507.134719
    • Buchmann, C., DiPrete, T. A., & McDaniel, A. (2008). Gender inequalities in education. Annual Review of Sociology, 34, 319-337. doi: 10. 1146/annurev. soc. 34. 040507. 134719.
    • (2008) Annual Review of Sociology , vol.34 , pp. 319-337
    • Buchmann, C.1    DiPrete, T.A.2    McDaniel, A.3
  • 7
    • 45849096455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role models, school improvement and the 'gender gap' - Do men bring out the best in boys and women the best in girls?
    • doi:10.1080/01411920701532202
    • Carrington, B., Tymms, P., & Merrell, C. (2008). Role models, school improvement and the 'gender gap' - Do men bring out the best in boys and women the best in girls? British Educational Research Journal, 34, 315-327. doi: 10. 1080/01411920701532202.
    • (2008) British Educational Research Journal , vol.34 , pp. 315-327
    • Carrington, B.1    Tymms, P.2    Merrell, C.3
  • 8
    • 34848819175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How good are you in math?" The effect of gender stereotypes on students' recollection of their school marks
    • doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2006.10.024
    • Chatard, A., Guimond, S., & Selimbegovic, L. (2007). "How good are you in math?" The effect of gender stereotypes on students' recollection of their school marks. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43, 1017-1024. doi: 10. 1016/j. jesp. 2006. 10. 024.
    • (2007) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.43 , pp. 1017-1024
    • Chatard, A.1    Guimond, S.2    Selimbegovic, L.3
  • 9
    • 84993724955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Examining male underachievement in public education: Action research at a district level
    • doi:10.1177/0192636508321155
    • Clark, M. A., Lee, S. M., Goodman, W., & Yacco, S. (2008). Examining male underachievement in public education: Action research at a district level. NASSP Bulletin, 92, 111-132. doi: 10. 1177/0192636508321155.
    • (2008) NASSP Bulletin , vol.92 , pp. 111-132
    • Clark, M.A.1    Lee, S.M.2    Goodman, W.3    Yacco, S.4
  • 10
    • 84944641509 scopus 로고
    • Cool guys, swots and wimps: the interplay of masculinity and education
    • doi:10.1080/0305498890150309
    • Connell, R. W. (1989). Cool guys, swots and wimps: the interplay of masculinity and education. Oxford Review of Education, 15, 291-303. doi: 10. 1080/0305498890150309.
    • (1989) Oxford Review of Education , vol.15 , pp. 291-303
    • Connell, R.W.1
  • 11
    • 79955579184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Math-gender stereotypes in elementary school children
    • doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01529.x
    • Cvencek, D., Meltzoff, A. N., & Greenwald, A. G. (2011). Math-gender stereotypes in elementary school children. Child Development, 82, 766-779. doi: 10. 1111/j. 1467-8624. 2010. 01529. x.
    • (2011) Child Development , vol.82 , pp. 766-779
    • Cvencek, D.1    Meltzoff, A.N.2    Greenwald, A.G.3
  • 12
    • 10644276099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seeing is believing: Exposure to counterstereotypic women leaders and its effect on the malleability of automatic gender stereotyping
    • doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2004.02.003
    • Dasgupta, N., & Asgari, S. (2004). Seeing is believing: Exposure to counterstereotypic women leaders and its effect on the malleability of automatic gender stereotyping. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 40, 642-658. doi: 10. 1016/j. jesp. 2004. 02. 003.
    • (2004) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.40 , pp. 642-658
    • Dasgupta, N.1    Asgari, S.2
  • 13
    • 33644524123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Klassen- und Schulunterschiede im Ausmaß von Geschlechterdiskrepanzen bei Leistungsbewertungen und Leistungsaspirationen: Ergebnisse einer Mehrebenenanalyse
    • Dresel, M., Stöger, H., & Ziegler, A. (2006). Klassen- und Schulunterschiede im Ausmaß von Geschlechterdiskrepanzen bei Leistungsbewertungen und Leistungsaspirationen: Ergebnisse einer Mehrebenenanalyse [Class and school differences in gender discrepancies in performance evaluations and achievement aspirations: Results of a multilevel analysis]. Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht, 53, 44-61.
    • (2006) Psychologie in Erziehung Und Unterricht , vol.53 , pp. 44-61
    • Dresel, M.1    Stöger, H.2    Ziegler, A.3
  • 14
    • 33645749278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-discipline gives girls the edge: Gender in self-discipline, grades, and achievement test scores
    • doi:10.1037/0022-0663.98.1.198
    • Duckworth, A. L., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2006). Self-discipline gives girls the edge: Gender in self-discipline, grades, and achievement test scores. Journal of Educational Psychology, 98, 198-208. doi: 10. 1037/0022-0663. 98. 1. 198.
    • (2006) Journal of Educational Psychology , vol.98 , pp. 198-208
    • Duckworth, A.L.1    Seligman, M.E.P.2
  • 15
    • 84861478442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • If 'we' can succeed, 'I' can too: Identity-based motivation and gender in the classroom
    • doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2011.05.003
    • Elmore, K. C., & Oyserman, D. (2012). If 'we' can succeed, 'I' can too: Identity-based motivation and gender in the classroom. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 37, 176-185. doi: 10. 1016/j. cedpsych. 2011. 05. 003.
    • (2012) Contemporary Educational Psychology , vol.37 , pp. 176-185
    • Elmore, K.C.1    Oyserman, D.2
  • 16
    • 0003310640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real boys don't work: 'underachievement', masculinity and the harassment of 'sissies
    • D. Epstein, J. Elwood, V. Hey, and J. Maw (Eds.), Buckingham: Open University Press
    • Epstein, D. (1998). Real boys don't work: 'underachievement', masculinity and the harassment of 'sissies'. In D. Epstein, J. Elwood, V. Hey, & J. Maw (Eds.), Failing boys? Issues in gender and achievement (pp. 96-108). Buckingham: Open University Press.
    • (1998) Failing Boys? Issues in Gender and Achievement , pp. 96-108
    • Epstein, D.1
  • 17
    • 33847272428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unresolved problems with the "I", the "A", and the "T": A logical and psychometric critique of the Implicit Association Test (IAT)
    • doi:10.1080/10463280600681248
    • Fiedler, K., Messner, C., & Bluemke, M. (2006). Unresolved problems with the "I", the "A", and the "T": A logical and psychometric critique of the Implicit Association Test (IAT). European Review of Social Psychology, 17, 74-147. doi: 10. 1080/10463280600681248.
    • (2006) European Review of Social Psychology , vol.17 , pp. 74-147
    • Fiedler, K.1    Messner, C.2    Bluemke, M.3
  • 18
    • 0033196310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lads, lasses and (new) labour: 14-16-year-old students' responses to the 'laddish behaviour and boys' underachievement' debate
    • doi:10.1080/01425699995317
    • Francis, B. (1999). Lads, lasses and (new) labour: 14-16-year-old students' responses to the 'laddish behaviour and boys' underachievement' debate. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 20, 355-371. doi: 10. 1080/01425699995317.
    • (1999) British Journal of Sociology of Education , vol.20 , pp. 355-371
    • Francis, B.1
  • 19
    • 84882247823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Graduating from high school: The role of gender-related attitudes, self-concept and goal clarity in a major transition in late adolescence
    • doi:10.1080/17405629.2013.772508
    • Freund, A. M., Weiss, D., & Wiese, B. S. (2013). Graduating from high school: The role of gender-related attitudes, self-concept and goal clarity in a major transition in late adolescence. Advance online publication. European Journal of Developmental Psychology. doi: 10. 1080/17405629. 2013. 772508.
    • (2013) Advance Online Publication. European Journal of Developmental Psychology.
    • Freund, A.M.1    Weiss, D.2    Wiese, B.S.3
  • 20
    • 84888065097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Female teachers accused of giving boys lower marks
    • (February 16) Retrieved from
    • Garner, R. (2012, February 16). Female teachers accused of giving boys lower marks. The Independent. Retrieved from http://www. independent. co. uk/news/education/education-news/female-teachers-accused-of-giving-boys-lower-marks-6943937. html.
    • (2012) The Independent
    • Garner, R.1
  • 21
    • 0003145690 scopus 로고
    • Male teacher effects on young children: A theoretical and empirical consideration
    • doi:10.1007/BF00287715
    • Gold, D., & Reis, M. (1982). Male teacher effects on young children: A theoretical and empirical consideration. Sex Roles, 8, 493-513. doi: 10. 1007/BF00287715.
    • (1982) Sex Roles , vol.8 , pp. 493-513
    • Gold, D.1    Reis, M.2
  • 22
    • 10844237356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards a typology of gender-related school effects: Some new perspectives on a familiar problem
    • doi:10.1080/0305498042000303991
    • Gray, J., Peng, W.-J., Steward, S., & Thomas, S. (2004). Towards a typology of gender-related school effects: Some new perspectives on a familiar problem. Oxford Review of Education, 30, 529-550. doi: 10. 1080/0305498042000303991.
    • (2004) Oxford Review of Education , vol.30 , pp. 529-550
    • Gray, J.1    Peng, W.-J.2    Steward, S.3    Thomas, S.4
  • 24
    • 0032084985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The Implicit Association Test
    • doi:10.1037/0022-3514.74.6.1464
    • Greenwald, A. G., McGhee, D. E., & Schwartz, J. L. K. (1998). Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The Implicit Association Test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1464-1480. doi: 10. 1037/0022-3514. 74. 6. 1464.
    • (1998) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.74 , pp. 1464-1480
    • Greenwald, A.G.1    McGhee, D.E.2    Schwartz, J.L.K.3
  • 25
    • 79952558542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geschlechterunterschiede im Schulerfolg: Spielt die Lehrperson eine Rolle?
    • Hadjar, A., & Lupatsch, J. (2011). Geschlechterunterschiede im Schulerfolg: Spielt die Lehrperson eine Rolle? [Gender differences in educational success: Does the teacher matter?]. Zeitschrift für Soziologie der Erziehung und Sozialisation, 31, 79-94.
    • (2011) Zeitschrift für Soziologie Der Erziehung Und Sozialisation , vol.31 , pp. 79-94
    • Hadjar, A.1    Lupatsch, J.2
  • 26
    • 79956122534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sind Jungen die neuen Bildungsverlierer? Empirische Evidenz für Geschlechterdisparitäten zuungunsten von Jungen und Erklärungsansätze
    • doi:10.1024/1010-0652/a000039
    • Hannover, B., & Kessels, U. (2011). Sind Jungen die neuen Bildungsverlierer? Empirische Evidenz für Geschlechterdisparitäten zuungunsten von Jungen und Erklärungsansätze [Are boys left behind? Reviewing and explaining education-related gender disparities]. Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie, 25, 89-103. doi: 10. 1024/1010-0652/a000039.
    • (2011) Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie , vol.25 , pp. 89-103
    • Hannover, B.1    Kessels, U.2
  • 27
    • 77951811837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sind Lehrerinnen für den geringeren Schulerfolg von Jungen verantwortlich?
    • doi:10.1007/s11577-010-0095-0
    • Helbig, M. (2010). Sind Lehrerinnen für den geringeren Schulerfolg von Jungen verantwortlich? [Are female teachers responsible for the school performance gap between boys and girls?]. Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie, 62, 93-111. doi: 10. 1007/s11577-010-0095-0.
    • (2010) Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie Und Sozialpsychologie , vol.62 , pp. 93-111
    • Helbig, M.1
  • 28
    • 21844510730 scopus 로고
    • The differential role of instrumentality, expressivity, and social support in predicting problem-solving appraisal in men and women
    • doi:10.1007/BF01544759
    • Heppner, P. P., Walther, D., & Good, G. E. (1995). The differential role of instrumentality, expressivity, and social support in predicting problem-solving appraisal in men and women. Sex Roles, 32, 91-108. doi: 10. 1007/BF01544759.
    • (1995) Sex Roles , vol.32 , pp. 91-108
    • Heppner, P.P.1    Walther, D.2    Good, G.E.3
  • 29
    • 0036521869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laddishness' as a self-worth protection strategy
    • doi:10.1080/09540250120098870
    • Jackson, C. (2002). 'Laddishness' as a self-worth protection strategy. Gender and Education, 14, 37-50. doi: 10. 1080/09540250120098870.
    • (2002) Gender and Education , vol.14 , pp. 37-50
    • Jackson, C.1
  • 30
    • 0141636311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motives for 'laddishness' at school: Fear of failure and fear of the 'feminine
    • doi:10.1080/01411920301847
    • Jackson, C. (2003). Motives for 'laddishness' at school: Fear of failure and fear of the 'feminine'. British Educational Research Journal, 29, 583-598. doi: 10. 1080/01411920301847.
    • (2003) British Educational Research Journal , vol.29 , pp. 583-598
    • Jackson, C.1
  • 31
    • 85044879753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • I sat back on my computer with a bottle of whisky next to me': Constructing 'cool' masculinity through 'effortless' achievement in secondary and higher education
    • doi:10.1080/09589230903260019
    • Jackson, C., & Dempster, S. (2009). 'I sat back on my computer with a bottle of whisky next to me': Constructing 'cool' masculinity through 'effortless' achievement in secondary and higher education. Journal of Gender Studies, 18, 341-356. doi: 10. 1080/09589230903260019.
    • (2009) Journal of Gender Studies , vol.18 , pp. 341-356
    • Jackson, C.1    Dempster, S.2
  • 32
    • 80054764664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New York: Empirisoft Corporation
    • Jarvis, B. G. (2010). DirectRT. New York: Empirisoft Corporation.
    • (2010) DirectRT
    • Jarvis, B.G.1
  • 33
    • 1142309565 scopus 로고
    • The child's sex role classification of school objects
    • Kagan, J. (1964). The child's sex role classification of school objects. Child Development, 35, 1051-1056.
    • (1964) Child Development , vol.35 , pp. 1051-1056
    • Kagan, J.1
  • 34
    • 0014531488 scopus 로고
    • A direct approach to sex-role identification of school-related objects
    • doi:10.2466/pr0.1969.24.3.839
    • Kellogg, R. L. (1969). A direct approach to sex-role identification of school-related objects. Psychological Reports, 24, 839-841. doi: 10. 2466/pr0. 1969. 24. 3. 839.
    • (1969) Psychological Reports , vol.24 , pp. 839-841
    • Kellogg, R.L.1
  • 36
    • 46249125609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When being a girl matters less: Accessibility of gender-related self-knowledge in single-sex and coeducational classes and its impact on students' physics-related self-concept of ability
    • doi:10.1348/000709907X215938
    • Kessels, U., & Hannover, B. (2008). When being a girl matters less: Accessibility of gender-related self-knowledge in single-sex and coeducational classes and its impact on students' physics-related self-concept of ability. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 78, 273-289. doi: 10. 1348/000709907X215938.
    • (2008) British Journal of Educational Psychology , vol.78 , pp. 273-289
    • Kessels, U.1    Hannover, B.2
  • 37
    • 84871919547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macho-man in school: Toward the role of gender role self-concepts and help seeking in school performance
    • doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2012.09.013
    • Kessels, U., & Steinmayr, R. (2013a). Macho-man in school: Toward the role of gender role self-concepts and help seeking in school performance. Learning and Individual Differences, 23, 234-240. doi: 10. 1016/j. lindif. 2012. 09. 013.
    • (2013) Learning and Individual Differences , vol.23 , pp. 234-240
    • Kessels, U.1    Steinmayr, R.2
  • 38
    • 84873150867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Der subjektive Wert von Schule in Abhängigkeit vom verbalen und mathematischen Selbstkonzept
    • doi:10.1024/1010-0652/a000093
    • Kessels, U., & Steinmayr, R. (2013b). Der subjektive Wert von Schule in Abhängigkeit vom verbalen und mathematischen Selbstkonzept [Valuing school as a function of verbal and mathematical ability self-concepts]. Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie, 27, 105-113. doi: 10. 1024/1010-0652/a000093.
    • (2013) Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie , vol.27 , pp. 105-113
    • Kessels, U.1    Steinmayr, R.2
  • 39
    • 33845532463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What goes well with physics? Measuring and altering the image of science
    • doi:10.1348/000709905X59961
    • Kessels, U., Rau, M., & Hannover, B. (2006). What goes well with physics? Measuring and altering the image of science. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 76, 761-780. doi: 10. 1348/000709905X59961.
    • (2006) British Journal of Educational Psychology , vol.76 , pp. 761-780
    • Kessels, U.1    Rau, M.2    Hannover, B.3
  • 40
    • 33947230678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit stereotypes, gender identification, and math-related outcomes: A prospective study of female college students
    • doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01841.x
    • Kiefer, A. K., & Sekaquaptewa, D. (2007). Implicit stereotypes, gender identification, and math-related outcomes: A prospective study of female college students. Psychological Science, 18, 13-18. doi: 10. 1111/j. 1467-9280. 2007. 01841. x.
    • (2007) Psychological Science , vol.18 , pp. 13-18
    • Kiefer, A.K.1    Sekaquaptewa, D.2
  • 41
    • 0001853944 scopus 로고
    • A cognitive-developmental analysis of children's sex-role concepts and attitudes
    • E. E. Maccoby (Ed.), Stanford: Stanford University Press
    • Kohlberg, L. (1966). A cognitive-developmental analysis of children's sex-role concepts and attitudes. In E. E. Maccoby (Ed.), The development of sex differences (pp. 82-172). Stanford: Stanford University Press.
    • (1966) The Development of Sex Differences , pp. 82-172
    • Kohlberg, L.1
  • 42
    • 0034400519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kurswahlen von Mädchen und Jungen im Fach Mathematik: Zur Rolle von fachspezifischem Selbstkonzept und Interesse
    • doi:10.1024//1010-0652.14.1.26
    • Köller, O., Daniels, Z., Schnabel, K. U., & Baumert, J. (2000). Kurswahlen von Mädchen und Jungen im Fach Mathematik: Zur Rolle von fachspezifischem Selbstkonzept und Interesse [Course selections of girls and boys in mathematics: The role of academic self-concept and interest]. Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie, 14, 26-37. doi: 10. 1024//1010-0652. 14. 1. 26.
    • (2000) Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie , vol.14 , pp. 26-37
    • Köller, O.1    Daniels, Z.2    Schnabel, K.U.3    Baumert, J.4
  • 43
    • 34948863221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entwicklung und Validierung eines Inventars zur Erfassung des Geschlechtsrollen-Selbstkonzepts im Jugendalter
    • doi:10.1024/0044-3514.38.3.195
    • Krahé, B., Berger, A., & Möller, I. (2007). Entwicklung und Validierung eines Inventars zur Erfassung des Geschlechtsrollen-Selbstkonzepts im Jugendalter [Development and validation of an inventory for measuring gender role self-concept in adolescence]. Zeitschrift für Sozialpsychologie, 38, 195-208. doi: 10. 1024/0044-3514. 38. 3. 195.
    • (2007) Zeitschrift für Sozialpsychologie , vol.38 , pp. 195-208
    • Krahé, B.1    Berger, A.2    Möller, I.3
  • 44
    • 84856556243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit science stereotypes mediate the relationship between gender and academic participation
    • doi:10.1007/s11199-011-0036-z
    • Lane, K. A., Goh, J. X., & Driver-Linn, E. (2012). Implicit science stereotypes mediate the relationship between gender and academic participation. Sex Roles, 66, 220-234. doi: 10. 1007/s11199-011-0036-z.
    • (2012) Sex Roles , vol.66 , pp. 220-234
    • Lane, K.A.1    Goh, J.X.2    Driver-Linn, E.3
  • 45
    • 84858396353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • School context and the gender gap in educational achievement
    • doi:10.1177/0003122412440802
    • Legewie, J., & DiPrete, T. A. (2012). School context and the gender gap in educational achievement. American Sociological Review, 77, 463-485. doi: 10. 1177/0003122412440802.
    • (2012) American Sociological Review , vol.77 , pp. 463-485
    • Legewie, J.1    DiPrete, T.A.2
  • 46
    • 33750362767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Challenging underachievement in boys
    • doi:10.1080/00131880600992389
    • Lindsay, G., & Muijs, D. (2006). Challenging underachievement in boys. Educational Research, 48, 313-332. doi: 10. 1080/00131880600992389.
    • (2006) Educational Research , vol.48 , pp. 313-332
    • Lindsay, G.1    Muijs, D.2
  • 48
    • 28844433678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motivating boys and motivating girls: Does teacher gender really make a difference?
    • doi:10.1177/000494410504900308
    • Martin, A. J., & Marsh, H. (2005). Motivating boys and motivating girls: Does teacher gender really make a difference? Australian Journal of Education, 49, 320-334. doi: 10. 1177/000494410504900308.
    • (2005) Australian Journal of Education , vol.49 , pp. 320-334
    • Martin, A.J.1    Marsh, H.2
  • 49
    • 84856527577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • French children's awareness of gender stereotypes about mathematics and reading: When girls improve their reputation in math
    • doi:10.1007/s11199-011-0032-3
    • Martinot, D., Bagès, C., & Désert, M. (2012). French children's awareness of gender stereotypes about mathematics and reading: When girls improve their reputation in math. Sex Roles, 66, 210-219. doi: 10. 1007/s11199-011-0032-3.
    • (2012) Sex Roles , vol.66 , pp. 210-219
    • Martinot, D.1    Bagès, C.2    Désert, M.3
  • 50
    • 84936824412 scopus 로고
    • Why does Jane read and write so well? The anomaly of women's achievement
    • Mickelson, R. A. (1989). Why does Jane read and write so well? The anomaly of women's achievement. Sociology of Education, 62, 47-63.
    • (1989) Sociology of Education , vol.62 , pp. 47-63
    • Mickelson, R.A.1
  • 51
    • 55049108990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rednecks," "rutters," and rithmetic: Social class, masculinity, and schooling in a rural context
    • doi:10.1177/0891243208325163
    • Morris, E. W. (2008). "Rednecks," "rutters," and rithmetic: Social class, masculinity, and schooling in a rural context. Gender and Society, 22, 728-751. doi: 10. 1177/0891243208325163.
    • (2008) Gender and Society , vol.22 , pp. 728-751
    • Morris, E.W.1
  • 52
    • 31744448228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Center for Education Statistics Retrieved from
    • National Center for Education Statistics. (2004). Trends in educational equity of girls & women: 2004. Retrieved from http://nces. ed. gov/pubs2005/2005016. pdf.
    • (2004) Trends in educational equity of girls & women: 2004
  • 53
    • 79952667116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unmasking the myth of the same-sex teacher advantage
    • doi:10.1093/esr/jcq038
    • Neugebauer, M., Helbig, M., & Landmann, A. (2011). Unmasking the myth of the same-sex teacher advantage. European Sociological Review, 27, 669-689. doi: 10. 1093/esr/jcq038.
    • (2011) European Sociological Review , vol.27 , pp. 669-689
    • Neugebauer, M.1    Helbig, M.2    Landmann, A.3
  • 54
    • 0035528241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Go/No-Go Association Task
    • doi:10.1521/soco.19.6.625.20886
    • Nosek, B. A., & Banaji, M. R. (2001). The Go/No-Go Association Task. Social Cognition, 19, 625-666. doi: 10. 1521/soco. 19. 6. 625. 20886.
    • (2001) Social Cognition , vol.19 , pp. 625-666
    • Nosek, B.A.1    Banaji, M.R.2
  • 55
    • 80052608485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit social cognitions predict sex differences in math engagement and achievement
    • doi:10.3102/0002831211410683
    • Nosek, B. A., & Smyth, F. L. (2011). Implicit social cognitions predict sex differences in math engagement and achievement. American Educational Research Journal, 48, 1125-1156. doi: 10. 3102/0002831211410683.
    • (2011) American Educational Research Journal , vol.48 , pp. 1125-1156
    • Nosek, B.A.1    Smyth, F.L.2
  • 57
    • 34548599794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A caution regarding rules of thumb for variance inflation factors
    • doi:10.1007/s11135-006-9018-6
    • O'Brien, R. M. (2007). A caution regarding rules of thumb for variance inflation factors. Quality and Quantity, 41, 673-690. doi: 10. 1007/s11135-006-9018-6.
    • (2007) Quality and Quantity , vol.41 , pp. 673-690
    • O'Brien, R.M.1
  • 59
    • 79959806336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gendered capital: Childhood socialization and the "boy crisis" in education
    • doi:10.1007/s11199-011-0016-3
    • Orr, A. J. (2011). Gendered capital: Childhood socialization and the "boy crisis" in education. Sex Roles, 65, 271-284. doi: 10. 1007/s11199-011-0016-3.
    • (2011) Sex Roles , vol.65 , pp. 271-284
    • Orr, A.J.1
  • 60
    • 79952194892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification with academics and motivation to achieve in school: How the structure of the self influences academic outcomes
    • doi:10.1007/s10648-011-9151-1
    • Osborne, J. W., & Jones, B. D. (2011). Identification with academics and motivation to achieve in school: How the structure of the self influences academic outcomes. Educational Psychology Review, 23, 131-158. doi: 10. 1007/s10648-011-9151-1.
    • (2011) Educational Psychology Review , vol.23 , pp. 131-158
    • Osborne, J.W.1    Jones, B.D.2
  • 61
    • 77956721394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identity-Based Motivation: Implications for intervention
    • doi:10.1177/0011000010374775
    • Oyserman, D., & Destin, M. (2010). Identity-Based Motivation: Implications for intervention. The Counseling Psychologist, 38, 1001-1043. doi: 10. 1177/0011000010374775.
    • (2010) The Counseling Psychologist , vol.38 , pp. 1001-1043
    • Oyserman, D.1    Destin, M.2
  • 62
    • 77951514347 scopus 로고
    • Perceived masculinity, feminity and androgyny among primary school boys: Relationships with the adaptation level of these students and the attitudes of the teachers towards them
    • doi:10.1007/BF03172775
    • Piché, C., & Plante, C. (1991). Perceived masculinity, feminity and androgyny among primary school boys: Relationships with the adaptation level of these students and the attitudes of the teachers towards them. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 6, 423-435. doi: 10. 1007/BF03172775.
    • (1991) European Journal of Psychology of Education , vol.6 , pp. 423-435
    • Piché, C.1    Plante, C.2
  • 63
    • 77952736523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Student gender stereotypes: Contrasting the perceived maleness and femaleness of mathematics and language
    • doi:10.1080/01443410902971500
    • Plante, I., Théorêt, M., & Favreau, O. E. (2009). Student gender stereotypes: Contrasting the perceived maleness and femaleness of mathematics and language. Educational Psychology, 29, 385-405. doi: 10. 1080/01443410902971500.
    • (2009) Educational Psychology , vol.29 , pp. 385-405
    • Plante, I.1    Théorêt, M.2    Favreau, O.E.3
  • 64
    • 84873525301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preschool children's beliefs about gender differences in academic skills
    • doi:10.1007/s11199-012-0195-6
    • Río, M. F., & Strasser, K. (2013). Preschool children's beliefs about gender differences in academic skills. Sex Roles, 68, 231-238. doi: 10. 1007/s11199-012-0195-6.
    • (2013) Sex Roles , vol.68 , pp. 231-238
    • Río, M.F.1    Strasser, K.2
  • 65
    • 84965779618 scopus 로고
    • Masculine (instrumental) and feminine (expressive) traits: A comparison between students in the United States and West Germany
    • doi:10.1177/0022022181122002
    • Runge, T. E., Frey, D., Gollwitzer, P. M., Helmreich, R. L., & Spence, J. T. (1981). Masculine (instrumental) and feminine (expressive) traits: A comparison between students in the United States and West Germany. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 12, 142-162. doi: 10. 1177/0022022181122002.
    • (1981) Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology , vol.12 , pp. 142-162
    • Runge, T.E.1    Frey, D.2    Gollwitzer, P.M.3    Helmreich, R.L.4    Spence, J.T.5
  • 66
    • 84870293464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM): An investigation of their implicit gender stereotypes and stereotypes' connectedness to math performance
    • doi:10.1007/s11199-012-0209-4
    • Smeding, A. (2012). Women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM): An investigation of their implicit gender stereotypes and stereotypes' connectedness to math performance. Sex Roles, 67, 617-629. doi: 10. 1007/s11199-012-0209-4.
    • (2012) Sex Roles , vol.67 , pp. 617-629
    • Smeding, A.1
  • 67
    • 77953590539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of gendered views of reading in Thailand and Canada
    • Sokal, L. (2010). Prevalence of gendered views of reading in Thailand and Canada. Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 56, 44-56.
    • (2010) Alberta Journal of Educational Research , vol.56 , pp. 44-56
    • Sokal, L.1
  • 68
    • 85045163039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Good-bye, Mr. Chips: Male teacher shortages and boys' reading achievement
    • doi:10.1007/s11199-007-9206-4
    • Sokal, L., Katz, H., Chaszewski, L., & Wojcik, C. (2007). Good-bye, Mr. Chips: Male teacher shortages and boys' reading achievement. Sex Roles, 56, 651-659. doi: 10. 1007/s11199-007-9206-4.
    • (2007) Sex Roles , vol.56 , pp. 651-659
    • Sokal, L.1    Katz, H.2    Chaszewski, L.3    Wojcik, C.4
  • 69
    • 0018528585 scopus 로고
    • Negative and positive components of psychological masculinity and femininity and their relationships to self-reports of neurotic and acting out behaviors
    • doi:10.1037/0022-3514.37.10.1673
    • Spence, J. T., Helmreich, R. L., & Holahan, C. K. (1979). Negative and positive components of psychological masculinity and femininity and their relationships to self-reports of neurotic and acting out behaviors. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1673-1682. doi: 10. 1037/0022-3514. 37. 10. 1673.
    • (1979) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.37 , pp. 1673-1682
    • Spence, J.T.1    Helmreich, R.L.2    Holahan, C.K.3
  • 70
    • 79951814333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Separating implicit gender stereotypes regarding math and language: Implicit ability stereotypes are self-serving for boys and men, but not for girls and women
    • doi:10.1007/s11199-010-9924-x
    • Steffens, M. C., & Jelenec, P. (2011). Separating implicit gender stereotypes regarding math and language: Implicit ability stereotypes are self-serving for boys and men, but not for girls and women. Sex Roles, 64, 324-335. doi: 10. 1007/s11199-010-9924-x.
    • (2011) Sex Roles , vol.64 , pp. 324-335
    • Steffens, M.C.1    Jelenec, P.2
  • 71
    • 78649706788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the leaky math pipeline: Comparing implicit math-gender stereotypes and math withdrawal in female and male children and adolescents
    • doi:10.1037/a0019920
    • Steffens, M. C., Jelenec, P., & Noack, P. (2010). On the leaky math pipeline: Comparing implicit math-gender stereotypes and math withdrawal in female and male children and adolescents. Journal of Educational Psychology, 102, 947-963. doi: 10. 1037/a0019920.
    • (2010) Journal of Educational Psychology , vol.102 , pp. 947-963
    • Steffens, M.C.1    Jelenec, P.2    Noack, P.3
  • 72
    • 0000635033 scopus 로고
    • Mädchen und Grundschulmathematik: Ergebnisse einer vierjährigen Längsschnittuntersuchung zu ausgewählten geschlechtsbezogenen Unterschieden in der Leistungsentwicklung
    • Tiedemann, J., & Faber, G. (1994). Mädchen und Grundschulmathematik: Ergebnisse einer vierjährigen Längsschnittuntersuchung zu ausgewählten geschlechtsbezogenen Unterschieden in der Leistungsentwicklung [Girls and primary school mathematics: Results from a four-year longitudinal study on selected gender differences of the performance development]. Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie, 26, 101-111.
    • (1994) Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie Und Pädagogische Psychologie , vol.26 , pp. 101-111
    • Tiedemann, J.1    Faber, G.2
  • 73
    • 0031496377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in masculine and feminine traits over time: A meta-analysis
    • doi:10.1007/BF02766650
    • Twenge, J. M. (1997). Changes in masculine and feminine traits over time: A meta-analysis. Sex Roles, 36, 305-325. doi: 10. 1007/BF02766650.
    • (1997) Sex Roles , vol.36 , pp. 305-325
    • Twenge, J.M.1
  • 74
    • 0001889491 scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in personality and expectancy
    • doi:10.1007/BF00288138
    • Vollmer, F. (1984). Sex differences in personality and expectancy. Sex Roles, 11, 1121-1139. doi: 10. 1007/BF00288138.
    • (1984) Sex Roles , vol.11 , pp. 1121-1139
    • Vollmer, F.1
  • 75
    • 20744448962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-cultural similarities and differences in dynamic stereotypes: A comparison between Germany and the United States
    • doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.2005.00181.x
    • Wilde, A., & Diekman, A. B. (2005). Cross-cultural similarities and differences in dynamic stereotypes: A comparison between Germany and the United States. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 29, 188-196. doi: 10. 1111/j. 1471-6402. 2005. 00181. x.
    • (2005) Psychology of Women Quarterly , vol.29 , pp. 188-196
    • Wilde, A.1    Diekman, A.B.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.