메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 51, Issue 10, 2013, Pages 2026-2042

The neural basis of implicit learning and memory: A review of neuropsychological and neuroimaging research

Author keywords

Implicit; Learning; Memory; Nonconscious; Nondeclarative; Skill learning

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; ARTICLE; BRAIN MAPPING; BRAIN NERVE CELL; BRAIN REGION; CELL ACTIVITY; CELL FUNCTION; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; HUMAN; IMAGE ANALYSIS; IMPLICIT LEARNING; IMPLICIT MEMORY; LEARNING; MENTAL PERFORMANCE; NERVE CELL NETWORK; NEUROIMAGING; NONHUMAN; RECOGNITION; SENSORY CORTEX; STIMULUS RESPONSE; TASK PERFORMANCE; TEMPORAL LOBE;

EID: 84881117479     PISSN: 00283932     EISSN: 18733514     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.06.019     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (202)

References (156)
  • 5
    • 34447643681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A neurobiological theory of automaticity in perceptual categorization
    • Ashby F.G., Ennis J.M., Spiering B.J. A neurobiological theory of automaticity in perceptual categorization. Psychological Review 2007, 114:632-656.
    • (2007) Psychological Review , vol.114 , pp. 632-656
    • Ashby, F.G.1    Ennis, J.M.2    Spiering, B.J.3
  • 7
    • 1842506202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intact haptic priming in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease: evidence for dissociable memory systems
    • Ballesteros S., Manual-Reales J. Intact haptic priming in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease: evidence for dissociable memory systems. Neuropsychologia 2004, 42:1063-1070.
    • (2004) Neuropsychologia , vol.42 , pp. 1063-1070
    • Ballesteros, S.1    Manual-Reales, J.2
  • 8
    • 3242882788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural correlates of auditory repetition priming: reduced fMRI activation in auditory cortex
    • Bergerbest D., Ghahremani D.G., Gabrieli J.D.E. Neural correlates of auditory repetition priming: reduced fMRI activation in auditory cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2004, 16:966-977.
    • (2004) Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , vol.16 , pp. 966-977
    • Bergerbest, D.1    Ghahremani, D.G.2    Gabrieli, J.D.E.3
  • 9
    • 84859106178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Models of recognition, repetition priming, and fluency: exploring a new framework
    • Berry C.J., Shanks D.R., Speekenbrink M., Henson R. Models of recognition, repetition priming, and fluency: exploring a new framework. Psychological Review 2012, 119:40-79.
    • (2012) Psychological Review , vol.119 , pp. 40-79
    • Berry, C.J.1    Shanks, D.R.2    Speekenbrink, M.3    Henson, R.4
  • 11
    • 33645800774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond faces and modularity: the power of an expertise framework
    • Bukach C.M., Gautheir I., Tarr M.J. Beyond faces and modularity: the power of an expertise framework. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2006, 10:159-166.
    • (2006) Trends in Cognitive Sciences , vol.10 , pp. 159-166
    • Bukach, C.M.1    Gautheir, I.2    Tarr, M.J.3
  • 13
    • 0022930829 scopus 로고
    • Invertebrate learning and memory: from behavior to molecules
    • Carew T.J., Sahley C.L. Invertebrate learning and memory: from behavior to molecules. Annual Review of Neuroscience 1986, 9:435-487.
    • (1986) Annual Review of Neuroscience , vol.9 , pp. 435-487
    • Carew, T.J.1    Sahley, C.L.2
  • 14
    • 77950941798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performing from memory
    • Oxford University Press, Oxford, S. Hallam, I. Cross, M. Thaut (Eds.)
    • Chaffin R., Logan T.R., Begosh K.T. Performing from memory. The Oxford handbook of music psychology 2009, 352-363. Oxford University Press, Oxford. S. Hallam, I. Cross, M. Thaut (Eds.).
    • (2009) The Oxford handbook of music psychology , pp. 352-363
    • Chaffin, R.1    Logan, T.R.2    Begosh, K.T.3
  • 15
    • 0032086573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contextual cueing: implicit learning and memory of visual context guides spatial attention
    • Chun M.M., Jiang Y. Contextual cueing: implicit learning and memory of visual context guides spatial attention. Cognitive Psychology 1998, 36:28-71.
    • (1998) Cognitive Psychology , vol.36 , pp. 28-71
    • Chun, M.M.1    Jiang, Y.2
  • 16
    • 0033360305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory deficits for implicit contextual information in amnesic subjects with hippocampal damage
    • Chun M.M., Phelps E.A. Memory deficits for implicit contextual information in amnesic subjects with hippocampal damage. Nature Neuroscience 1999, 2:844-847.
    • (1999) Nature Neuroscience , vol.2 , pp. 844-847
    • Chun, M.M.1    Phelps, E.A.2
  • 18
    • 0012159271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit learning and consciousness: a graded, dynamic perspective
    • Psychology Press, Hove, England, R.M. Frensch, A. Cleeremans (Eds.)
    • Cleeremans A., Jiménez L. Implicit learning and consciousness: a graded, dynamic perspective. Implicit learning and consciousness 2001, 1-40. Psychology Press, Hove, England. R.M. Frensch, A. Cleeremans (Eds.).
    • (2001) Implicit learning and consciousness , pp. 1-40
    • Cleeremans, A.1    Jiménez, L.2
  • 20
    • 49949121075 scopus 로고
    • Acquisition of motor skill after bilateral medial temporal-lobe excision
    • Corkin S. Acquisition of motor skill after bilateral medial temporal-lobe excision. Neuropsychologia 1968, 6:255-265.
    • (1968) Neuropsychologia , vol.6 , pp. 255-265
    • Corkin, S.1
  • 22
    • 80052037097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond IQ: a latent state-trait analysis of general intelligence, dynamic decision making, and implicit learning
    • Danner D., Hagemann D., Schanking A., Hager M., Funke J. Beyond IQ: a latent state-trait analysis of general intelligence, dynamic decision making, and implicit learning. Intelligence 2011, 39:323-334.
    • (2011) Intelligence , vol.39 , pp. 323-334
    • Danner, D.1    Hagemann, D.2    Schanking, A.3    Hager, M.4    Funke, J.5
  • 24
    • 0035381075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can sequence learning be implicit? New evidence with the process dissociation procedure
    • Destrebecqz A., Cleeremans A. Can sequence learning be implicit? New evidence with the process dissociation procedure. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2001, 8:343-350.
    • (2001) Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , vol.8 , pp. 343-350
    • Destrebecqz, A.1    Cleeremans, A.2
  • 25
    • 1642633104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical activity reductions during repetition priming result from rapid response learning
    • Dobbins I.G., Schnyer D.M., Verfaellie M., Schacter D.L. Cortical activity reductions during repetition priming result from rapid response learning. Nature 2004, 428:316-319.
    • (2004) Nature , vol.428 , pp. 316-319
    • Dobbins, I.G.1    Schnyer, D.M.2    Verfaellie, M.3    Schacter, D.L.4
  • 26
    • 0035960072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociating memory retrieval processes using fMRI: evidence that priming does not support recognition memory
    • Donaldson D.I., Petersen S.E., Buckner R.L. Dissociating memory retrieval processes using fMRI: evidence that priming does not support recognition memory. Neuron 2001, 31:1047-1059.
    • (2001) Neuron , vol.31 , pp. 1047-1059
    • Donaldson, D.I.1    Petersen, S.E.2    Buckner, R.L.3
  • 27
    • 52049105185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor sequence learning and movement disorders
    • Doyon J. Motor sequence learning and movement disorders. Current Opinion in Neurology 2008, 21:478-483.
    • (2008) Current Opinion in Neurology , vol.21 , pp. 478-483
    • Doyon, J.1
  • 29
    • 27644565581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Map plasticity in somatosensory cortex
    • 810-518
    • Feldman D.E., Brecht N. Map plasticity in somatosensory cortex. Science 2005, 310. 810-518.
    • (2005) Science , vol.310
    • Feldman, D.E.1    Brecht, N.2
  • 31
    • 0035200450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between recall and recognition in amnesia: effects of matching recognition between patients with amnesia and controls
    • Giovanello K.S., Verfaellie M. The relationship between recall and recognition in amnesia: effects of matching recognition between patients with amnesia and controls. Neuropsychology 2001, 15:444-451.
    • (2001) Neuropsychology , vol.15 , pp. 444-451
    • Giovanello, K.S.1    Verfaellie, M.2
  • 32
    • 84880993345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit perceptual-motor skill learning in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Parkinson's disease Neuropsychology
    • Gobel, E. W., Blomeke, K. M., Zadikoff, C., Simuni, T., Weintraub, S. & Reber, P. J., Implicit perceptual-motor skill learning in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Parkinson's disease Neuropsychology 27, 2013, 314-321.
    • (2013) , vol.27 , pp. 314-321
    • Gobel, E.W.1    Blomeke, K.M.2    Zadikoff, C.3    Simuni, T.4    Weintraub, S.5    Reber, P.J.6
  • 34
    • 80052644761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural correlates of skill acquisition: decreased cortical activity during a serial interception sequence learning task
    • Gobel E.W., Parrish T.B., Reber P.J. Neural correlates of skill acquisition: decreased cortical activity during a serial interception sequence learning task. Neuroimage 2011, 58:1150-1157.
    • (2011) Neuroimage , vol.58 , pp. 1150-1157
    • Gobel, E.W.1    Parrish, T.B.2    Reber, P.J.3
  • 35
    • 84864692538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repetition priming and repetition suppression: a case for enhanced efficiency through neural synchronization
    • Gotts S.J., Chow C.C., Martin A. Repetition priming and repetition suppression: a case for enhanced efficiency through neural synchronization. Cognitive Neuroscience 2012, 3.
    • (2012) Cognitive Neuroscience , vol.3
    • Gotts, S.J.1    Chow, C.C.2    Martin, A.3
  • 37
    • 28044450643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The basal ganglia: learning new tricks and loving it
    • Graybiel A.M. The basal ganglia: learning new tricks and loving it. Current Opinion in Neurobiology 2005, 15:638-644.
    • (2005) Current Opinion in Neurobiology , vol.15 , pp. 638-644
    • Graybiel, A.M.1
  • 38
    • 0038700754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Action video game modifies visual selective attention
    • Green C.S., Bavalier D. Action video game modifies visual selective attention. Nature 2003, 423:534-537.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.423 , pp. 534-537
    • Green, C.S.1    Bavalier, D.2
  • 39
    • 34548333568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal differentiation without recognition: an fMRI analysis of the contextual cueing task
    • Greene A.J., Gross W.L., Elsinger C.L., Rao S.M. Hippocampal differentiation without recognition: an fMRI analysis of the contextual cueing task. Learning & Memory 2007, 14:548-553.
    • (2007) Learning & Memory , vol.14 , pp. 548-553
    • Greene, A.J.1    Gross, W.L.2    Elsinger, C.L.3    Rao, S.M.4
  • 40
    • 30044437340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repetition and the brain: neural models of stimulus-specific effects
    • Grill-Spector K., Henson R., Martin A. Repetition and the brain: neural models of stimulus-specific effects. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2006, 10:14-23.
    • (2006) Trends in Cognitive Sciences , vol.10 , pp. 14-23
    • Grill-Spector, K.1    Henson, R.2    Martin, A.3
  • 41
    • 0033200154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential processing of objects under various viewing conditions in the human lateral occipital complex
    • Grill-Spector K., Kushnir T., Edelman S., Avidan G., Itzchak Y., Malach R. Differential processing of objects under various viewing conditions in the human lateral occipital complex. Neuron 1999, 24:187-203.
    • (1999) Neuron , vol.24 , pp. 187-203
    • Grill-Spector, K.1    Kushnir, T.2    Edelman, S.3    Avidan, G.4    Itzchak, Y.5    Malach, R.6
  • 42
    • 36549072084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analogical inference: the role of awareness in abstract learning
    • Gross W.L., Greene A.J. Analogical inference: the role of awareness in abstract learning. Memory 2007, 15:838-844.
    • (2007) Memory , vol.15 , pp. 838-844
    • Gross, W.L.1    Greene, A.J.2
  • 43
    • 79955826362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Re-evaluating dissociations between implicit and explicit category learning: an event-related fMRI study
    • Gureckis T.M., James T.W., Nosofsky R.M. Re-evaluating dissociations between implicit and explicit category learning: an event-related fMRI study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2011, 23:1697-1709.
    • (2011) Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , vol.23 , pp. 1697-1709
    • Gureckis, T.M.1    James, T.W.2    Nosofsky, R.M.3
  • 45
    • 84859036906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hippocampus reevaluated in unconscious learning and memory: at a tipping point?
    • Hannula D.E., Greene A.J. The hippocampus reevaluated in unconscious learning and memory: at a tipping point?. Frontiers in human neuroscience 2012, 6:80.
    • (2012) Frontiers in human neuroscience , vol.6 , pp. 80
    • Hannula, D.E.1    Greene, A.J.2
  • 47
    • 77953807450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model for memory systems based on processing modes rather than consciousness
    • Henke K. A model for memory systems based on processing modes rather than consciousness. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2010, 11:523-532.
    • (2010) Nature Reviews Neuroscience , vol.11 , pp. 523-532
    • Henke, K.1
  • 48
    • 0043135250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroimaging studies of priming
    • Henson R.N.A. Neuroimaging studies of priming. Progress in Neurobiology 2003, 70:53-81.
    • (2003) Progress in Neurobiology , vol.70 , pp. 53-81
    • Henson, R.N.A.1
  • 49
    • 0034681485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroimaging evidence for dissociable forms of repetition priming
    • Henson R.N.A., Shallice T., Dolan R. Neuroimaging evidence for dissociable forms of repetition priming. Science 2000, 287:1269-1272.
    • (2000) Science , vol.287 , pp. 1269-1272
    • Henson, R.N.A.1    Shallice, T.2    Dolan, R.3
  • 51
    • 44349195356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Priming, response learning and repetition suppression
    • Horner A.J., Henson R.N. Priming, response learning and repetition suppression. Neuropsychologia 2008, 46:1979-1991.
    • (2008) Neuropsychologia , vol.46 , pp. 1979-1991
    • Horner, A.J.1    Henson, R.N.2
  • 56
    • 0035179936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine D-1/D-5 receptor activation is required for long-term potentiation in the rat neostriatum in vitro
    • Kerr J.N.D., Wickens J.R. Dopamine D-1/D-5 receptor activation is required for long-term potentiation in the rat neostriatum in vitro. Journal of Neurophysiology 2001, 85:117-124.
    • (2001) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.85 , pp. 117-124
    • Kerr, J.N.D.1    Wickens, J.R.2
  • 57
    • 0031059391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebellar circuits and synaptic mechanisms involved in classical eyeblink conditioning
    • Kim J.J., Thompson R.E. Cerebellar circuits and synaptic mechanisms involved in classical eyeblink conditioning. Trends in Neurosciences 1997, 20:177-181.
    • (1997) Trends in Neurosciences , vol.20 , pp. 177-181
    • Kim, J.J.1    Thompson, R.E.2
  • 58
    • 0029941251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experience-dependent modification of synaptic plasticity in visual cortex
    • Kirkwood A., Rioult M.G., Bear M.F. Experience-dependent modification of synaptic plasticity in visual cortex. Nature 1996, 381:526-528.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.381 , pp. 526-528
    • Kirkwood, A.1    Rioult, M.G.2    Bear, M.F.3
  • 59
    • 0029815726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A neostriatal habit learning system in humans
    • Knowlton B.J., Mangels J.A., Squire L.R. A neostriatal habit learning system in humans. Science 1996, 273:1399-1402.
    • (1996) Science , vol.273 , pp. 1399-1402
    • Knowlton, B.J.1    Mangels, J.A.2    Squire, L.R.3
  • 60
    • 0000131825 scopus 로고
    • Intact artificial grammar learning in amnesia: dissociation of classification learning and explicit memory for specific instances
    • Knowlton B.J., Ramus S.J., Squire L.R. Intact artificial grammar learning in amnesia: dissociation of classification learning and explicit memory for specific instances. Psychological Science 1992, 3:172-179.
    • (1992) Psychological Science , vol.3 , pp. 172-179
    • Knowlton, B.J.1    Ramus, S.J.2    Squire, L.R.3
  • 61
    • 0027716139 scopus 로고
    • The learning of categories: parallel brain systems for item memory and category knowledge
    • Knowlton B.J., Squire L.R. The learning of categories: parallel brain systems for item memory and category knowledge. Science 1993, 262:1747-1749.
    • (1993) Science , vol.262 , pp. 1747-1749
    • Knowlton, B.J.1    Squire, L.R.2
  • 63
    • 84892635135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relational memory and the hippocampus: representations and methods
    • Konkel A., Cohen N.J. Relational memory and the hippocampus: representations and methods. Frontiers in Neuroscience 2009, 3:166-174.
    • (2009) Frontiers in Neuroscience , vol.3 , pp. 166-174
    • Konkel, A.1    Cohen, N.J.2
  • 64
    • 0034194288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical regions involved in perceiving object shape
    • Kourtzi Z., Kanwisher N. Cortical regions involved in perceiving object shape. Journal of Neuroscience 2000, 20:3310-3318.
    • (2000) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.20 , pp. 3310-3318
    • Kourtzi, Z.1    Kanwisher, N.2
  • 65
    • 84881103322 scopus 로고
    • Brain Mechanisms and Intelligence. Chicago.
    • Lashley, K. S. (1929). Brain Mechanisms and Intelligence. Chicago.
    • (1929)
    • Lashley, K.S.1
  • 66
    • 2542503431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceptual learning and top-down influences in primary visual cortex
    • Li W., Piech V., Gilbert C.D. Perceptual learning and top-down influences in primary visual cortex. Nature Neuroscience 2004, 7:651-657.
    • (2004) Nature Neuroscience , vol.7 , pp. 651-657
    • Li, W.1    Piech, V.2    Gilbert, C.D.3
  • 68
    • 5344241223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LTP and LTD: an embarrassment of riches
    • Malenka R.C., Bear M.R. LTP and LTD: an embarrassment of riches. Neuron 2004, 44:5-21.
    • (2004) Neuron , vol.44 , pp. 5-21
    • Malenka, R.C.1    Bear, M.R.2
  • 69
    • 0035683013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceptual learning, awareness and the hippocampus
    • Manns J.R., Squire L.R. Perceptual learning, awareness and the hippocampus. Hippocampus 2001, 11:776-782.
    • (2001) Hippocampus , vol.11 , pp. 776-782
    • Manns, J.R.1    Squire, L.R.2
  • 70
    • 0029340352 scopus 로고
    • Why there are complementary learning systems in the hippocampus and neocortex: insights from the successes and failures of connectionist models of learning and memory
    • McClelland J.L., McNaughton B.L., O'Reilly R.C. Why there are complementary learning systems in the hippocampus and neocortex: insights from the successes and failures of connectionist models of learning and memory. Psychological Review 1995, 102:419-457.
    • (1995) Psychological Review , vol.102 , pp. 419-457
    • McClelland, J.L.1    McNaughton, B.L.2    O'Reilly, R.C.3
  • 71
    • 0020696539 scopus 로고
    • Topographic reorganization of somatosensory cortical areas 3b and 1 in adult monkeys following restricted deafferentiation
    • Merzenich M.M., Kaas J.H., Wall J., Nelson R.J., Sur M., Felleman D. Topographic reorganization of somatosensory cortical areas 3b and 1 in adult monkeys following restricted deafferentiation. Neuroscience 1983, 8:33-55.
    • (1983) Neuroscience , vol.8 , pp. 33-55
    • Merzenich, M.M.1    Kaas, J.H.2    Wall, J.3    Nelson, R.J.4    Sur, M.5    Felleman, D.6
  • 72
    • 0034106888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal ganglia and cerebellar loops: motor and cognitive circuits
    • Middleton F.A., Strick P.L. Basal ganglia and cerebellar loops: motor and cognitive circuits. Brain Research Reviews 2000, 31:236-250.
    • (2000) Brain Research Reviews , vol.31 , pp. 236-250
    • Middleton, F.A.1    Strick, P.L.2
  • 73
    • 49949122419 scopus 로고
    • Further analysis of the hippocampal amnesic syndrome: 14-year follow-up study of H.M
    • Milner B., Corkin S., Teuber H.-L. Further analysis of the hippocampal amnesic syndrome: 14-year follow-up study of H.M. Neuropsychologia 1968, 6:215-234.
    • (1968) Neuropsychologia , vol.6 , pp. 215-234
    • Milner, B.1    Corkin, S.2    Teuber, H.-L.3
  • 74
    • 79951855589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does working memory training work? The promise and challenges of enhancing cognition by training work-ing memory
    • Morrison A.B., Chein J.M. Does working memory training work? The promise and challenges of enhancing cognition by training work-ing memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2011, 18:46-60.
    • (2011) Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , vol.18 , pp. 46-60
    • Morrison, A.B.1    Chein, J.M.2
  • 75
    • 0003109533 scopus 로고
    • Attentional requirements of learning: evidence from performance measures
    • Nissen M.J., Bullemer P. Attentional requirements of learning: evidence from performance measures. Cognitive Psychology 1987, 19:1-32.
    • (1987) Cognitive Psychology , vol.19 , pp. 1-32
    • Nissen, M.J.1    Bullemer, P.2
  • 77
    • 84881105179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mathematical models of visual category learning enhance fMRI data analysis. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society.
    • Nomura, E. M., Maddox, W. T., & Reber P. J. (2007). Mathematical models of visual category learning enhance fMRI data analysis. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society.
    • (2007)
    • Nomura, E.M.1    Maddox, W.T.2    Reber, P.J.3
  • 78
    • 84881104587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combining computational modeling and neuroimaging to examine multiple category learning systems in the brain
    • Nomura E.M., Reber P.J. Combining computational modeling and neuroimaging to examine multiple category learning systems in the brain. Brain Sciences 2012, 2:176-202.
    • (2012) Brain Sciences , vol.2 , pp. 176-202
    • Nomura, E.M.1    Reber, P.J.2
  • 79
    • 70350041323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The multifaceted nature of the relationship between performance and brain activity in motor sequence learning
    • Orban P., Peigneux P., Lungu O., Albouy G., Breton E., Laberenne F., et al. The multifaceted nature of the relationship between performance and brain activity in motor sequence learning. Neuroimage 2010, 49:694-702.
    • (2010) Neuroimage , vol.49 , pp. 694-702
    • Orban, P.1    Peigneux, P.2    Lungu, O.3    Albouy, G.4    Breton, E.5    Laberenne, F.6
  • 81
    • 0028295625 scopus 로고
    • New-association priming of word identification in normal and amnesic subjects
    • Paller K.A., Mayes A.R. New-association priming of word identification in normal and amnesic subjects. Cortex 1994, 30:53-73.
    • (1994) Cortex , vol.30 , pp. 53-73
    • Paller, K.A.1    Mayes, A.R.2
  • 84
    • 0000930961 scopus 로고
    • Synthetic grammar learning: implicit rule abstraction or explicit fragmentary knowledge
    • Perruchet P., Pacteau C. Synthetic grammar learning: implicit rule abstraction or explicit fragmentary knowledge. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 1990, 119:264-275.
    • (1990) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.119 , pp. 264-275
    • Perruchet, P.1    Pacteau, C.2
  • 85
    • 33646337402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit learning and statistical learning: one phenomenon, two approaches
    • Perruchet P., Pacton S. Implicit learning and statistical learning: one phenomenon, two approaches. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2006, 10:233-238.
    • (2006) Trends in Cognitive Sciences , vol.10 , pp. 233-238
    • Perruchet, P.1    Pacton, S.2
  • 86
    • 31744432037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can cognitive processes be inferred from neuroimaging data?
    • Poldrack R.A. Can cognitive processes be inferred from neuroimaging data?. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2006, 10(2):59-63.
    • (2006) Trends in Cognitive Sciences , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 59-63
    • Poldrack, R.A.1
  • 88
    • 33646930061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceptual learning directs auditory cortical map reorganization through top-down influences
    • Polley D.B., Steinberg E.E., Merzenich M.M. Perceptual learning directs auditory cortical map reorganization through top-down influences. Journal of Neuroscience 2006, 26:4970-4982.
    • (2006) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.26 , pp. 4970-4982
    • Polley, D.B.1    Steinberg, E.E.2    Merzenich, M.M.3
  • 89
    • 33847653345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theories of artificial grammar learning
    • Pothos E.M. Theories of artificial grammar learning. Psychological Bulletin 2007, 133:227-244.
    • (2007) Psychological Bulletin , vol.133 , pp. 227-244
    • Pothos, E.M.1
  • 90
    • 77955949859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple forms of learning yield temporally distinct electrophysiological repetition effects
    • Race E.A., Badre D., Wagner A.D. Multiple forms of learning yield temporally distinct electrophysiological repetition effects. Cerebral Cortex 2010, 20:1726-1738.
    • (2010) Cerebral Cortex , vol.20 , pp. 1726-1738
    • Race, E.A.1    Badre, D.2    Wagner, A.D.3
  • 91
    • 0030925112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Striatal recruitment during an implicit sequence learning task as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging
    • Rauch S.L., Whalen P.J., Savage C.R., Curran T., Kendrick A., Brown H.D., et al. Striatal recruitment during an implicit sequence learning task as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Human Brain Mapping 1997, 5:124-132.
    • (1997) Human Brain Mapping , vol.5 , pp. 124-132
    • Rauch, S.L.1    Whalen, P.J.2    Savage, C.R.3    Curran, T.4    Kendrick, A.5    Brown, H.D.6
  • 94
    • 18844433076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Priming and the acquisition of visual expertise: changes in neural activity beyond the second presentation
    • Reber P.J., Gitelman D.R., Parrish T.B., Mesulam M.-M. Priming and the acquisition of visual expertise: changes in neural activity beyond the second presentation. Cerebral Cortex 2005, 15:787-795.
    • (2005) Cerebral Cortex , vol.15 , pp. 787-795
    • Reber, P.J.1    Gitelman, D.R.2    Parrish, T.B.3    Mesulam, M.-M.4
  • 96
    • 0031525666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit learning in problem solving: the role of working memory capacity
    • Reber P.J., Kotovsky K. Implicit learning in problem solving: the role of working memory capacity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 1997, 126:178-203.
    • (1997) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.126 , pp. 178-203
    • Reber, P.J.1    Kotovsky, K.2
  • 98
    • 0028535482 scopus 로고
    • Parallel brain systems for learning with and without awareness
    • Reber P.J., Squire L.R. Parallel brain systems for learning with and without awareness. Learning & Memory 1994, 1:217-229.
    • (1994) Learning & Memory , vol.1 , pp. 217-229
    • Reber, P.J.1    Squire, L.R.2
  • 99
    • 0031920432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Encapsulation of implicit and explicit memory in sequence learning
    • Reber P.J., Squire L.R. Encapsulation of implicit and explicit memory in sequence learning. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 1998, 10:248-263.
    • (1998) Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , vol.10 , pp. 248-263
    • Reber, P.J.1    Squire, L.R.2
  • 100
    • 0032920960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intact learning of artificial grammars and intact category learning by patients with Parkinson's disease
    • Reber P.J., Squire L.R. Intact learning of artificial grammars and intact category learning by patients with Parkinson's disease. Behavioral Neuroscience 1999, 113:235-242.
    • (1999) Behavioral Neuroscience , vol.113 , pp. 235-242
    • Reber, P.J.1    Squire, L.R.2
  • 102
    • 0032459025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrasting cortical activity associated with declarative and nondeclarative memory
    • Reber P.J., Stark C.E.L., Squire L.R. Contrasting cortical activity associated with declarative and nondeclarative memory. Learning & Memory 1998, 5:420-428.
    • (1998) Learning & Memory , vol.5 , pp. 420-428
    • Reber, P.J.1    Stark, C.E.L.2    Squire, L.R.3
  • 103
    • 0036282039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing the brain areas supporting nondeclarative categorization and recognition memory
    • Reber P.J., Wong E.C., Buxton R.B. Comparing the brain areas supporting nondeclarative categorization and recognition memory. Cognitive Brain Research 2002, 14:245-257.
    • (2002) Cognitive Brain Research , vol.14 , pp. 245-257
    • Reber, P.J.1    Wong, E.C.2    Buxton, R.B.3
  • 104
    • 77952733759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive neuroscience of declarative and nondeclarative memory
    • North-Holland
    • Reber P.J. Cognitive neuroscience of declarative and nondeclarative memory. Advances in Psychology 2008, 139:113-123. North-Holland.
    • (2008) Advances in Psychology , vol.139 , pp. 113-123
    • Reber, P.J.1
  • 105
    • 58249093871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory systems do not divide on consciousness: reinterpreting memory in terms of activation and binding
    • Reder L.M., Park H., Kieffaber P.D. Memory systems do not divide on consciousness: reinterpreting memory in terms of activation and binding. Psychological Bulletin 2009, 135:23-49.
    • (2009) Psychological Bulletin , vol.135 , pp. 23-49
    • Reder, L.M.1    Park, H.2    Kieffaber, P.D.3
  • 106
    • 0031471239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fear conditioning induces associative long-term potentiation in the amygdala
    • Rogan M.T., Staubli U.V., LeDoux J.E. Fear conditioning induces associative long-term potentiation in the amygdala. Nature 1997, 390:604-607.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.390 , pp. 604-607
    • Rogan, M.T.1    Staubli, U.V.2    LeDoux, J.E.3
  • 107
    • 0042919367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical language learning: mechanisms and constraints
    • Saffran J.R. Statistical language learning: mechanisms and constraints. Current Directions in Psychological Science 2003, 12:110-114.
    • (2003) Current Directions in Psychological Science , vol.12 , pp. 110-114
    • Saffran, J.R.1
  • 108
    • 0030451408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical learning by 8-month-old infants
    • Saffran J.R., Aslin R.N., Newport E.L. Statistical learning by 8-month-old infants. Science 1996, 274:1926-1928.
    • (1996) Science , vol.274 , pp. 1926-1928
    • Saffran, J.R.1    Aslin, R.N.2    Newport, E.L.3
  • 109
    • 78651262360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performing the unexplainable: implicit task performance reveals individually reliable sequence learning without explicit knowledge
    • Sanchez D.J., Gobel E.W., Reber P.J. Performing the unexplainable: implicit task performance reveals individually reliable sequence learning without explicit knowledge. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2010, 17:790-796.
    • (2010) Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , vol.17 , pp. 790-796
    • Sanchez, D.J.1    Gobel, E.W.2    Reber, P.J.3
  • 110
  • 111
    • 84871849156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explicit pre-training instruction does not improve implicit perceptual-motor sequence learning
    • Sanchez D.J., Reber P.J. Explicit pre-training instruction does not improve implicit perceptual-motor sequence learning. Cognition 2013, 126:341-351.
    • (2013) Cognition , vol.126 , pp. 341-351
    • Sanchez, D.J.1    Reber, P.J.2
  • 114
    • 0029146593 scopus 로고
    • Brain regions associated with retrieval of structurally coherent visual information
    • Schacter D.L., Reiman E., Ueker A., Polster M.R., Yun L.S., Cooper L.A. Brain regions associated with retrieval of structurally coherent visual information. Nature 1995, 376:587-590.
    • (1995) Nature , vol.376 , pp. 587-590
    • Schacter, D.L.1    Reiman, E.2    Ueker, A.3    Polster, M.R.4    Yun, L.S.5    Cooper, L.A.6
  • 115
    • 0032007035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Priming and the brain
    • Schacter D.L., Buckner R.L. Priming and the brain. Neuron 1998, 20:185-195.
    • (1998) Neuron , vol.20 , pp. 185-195
    • Schacter, D.L.1    Buckner, R.L.2
  • 117
    • 0037468806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An fMRI study of the role of the medial temporal lobe in implicit and explicit sequence learning
    • Schendan H.E., Searl M.M., Melrose R.J., Stern C.E. An fMRI study of the role of the medial temporal lobe in implicit and explicit sequence learning. Neuron 2003, 37:1013-1025.
    • (2003) Neuron , vol.37 , pp. 1013-1025
    • Schendan, H.E.1    Searl, M.M.2    Melrose, R.J.3    Stern, C.E.4
  • 118
    • 28044437167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid response learning in amnesia: delineating associated learning components in repetition priming
    • Schnyer D.M., Dobbins I.G., Nicholls L., Schacter D.L., Verfaellie M. Rapid response learning in amnesia: delineating associated learning components in repetition priming. Neuropsychologia 2006, 44:140-149.
    • (2006) Neuropsychologia , vol.44 , pp. 140-149
    • Schnyer, D.M.1    Dobbins, I.G.2    Nicholls, L.3    Schacter, D.L.4    Verfaellie, M.5
  • 119
    • 0037057755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Getting formal with dopamine and reward
    • Schultz W. Getting formal with dopamine and reward. Neuron 2002, 36:241-263.
    • (2002) Neuron , vol.36 , pp. 241-263
    • Schultz, W.1
  • 122
    • 15244353512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The roles of the caudate nucleus in human classification learning
    • Seger C.A., Cincotta C.M. The roles of the caudate nucleus in human classification learning. Journal of Neuroscience 2005, 25:2941-2951.
    • (2005) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.25 , pp. 2941-2951
    • Seger, C.A.1    Cincotta, C.M.2
  • 123
    • 33749521037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of frontal, striatal and hippocampal systems during rule learning
    • Seger C.A., Cincotta C.M. Dynamics of frontal, striatal and hippocampal systems during rule learning. Cerebral Cortex 2006, 16:1546-1555.
    • (2006) Cerebral Cortex , vol.16 , pp. 1546-1555
    • Seger, C.A.1    Cincotta, C.M.2
  • 125
    • 0001662397 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of dissociable human learning systems
    • Shanks D.R., John M.J. Characteristics of dissociable human learning systems. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 1994, 17:367-447.
    • (1994) Behavioral and Brain Sciences , vol.17 , pp. 367-447
    • Shanks, D.R.1    John, M.J.2
  • 126
    • 0002351373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit knowledge in sequential learning tasks
    • Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA, M.A. Stadler, P.A. Frensch (Eds.)
    • Shanks D.R., Johnstone T. Implicit knowledge in sequential learning tasks. Handbook of implicit learning 1998, 533-572. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA. M.A. Stadler, P.A. Frensch (Eds.).
    • (1998) Handbook of implicit learning , pp. 533-572
    • Shanks, D.R.1    Johnstone, T.2
  • 127
    • 77957222677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recollective performance advantages for implicit memory tasks
    • Sheldon S.A.M., Moscovitch M. Recollective performance advantages for implicit memory tasks. Memory 2010, 18:681-697.
    • (2010) Memory , vol.18 , pp. 681-697
    • Sheldon, S.A.M.1    Moscovitch, M.2
  • 130
    • 33746930811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is implicit sequence learning impaired in Parkinson's disease? A meta-analysis
    • Siegert R.J., Taylor K.D., Weatherall M., Abernethy D.A. Is implicit sequence learning impaired in Parkinson's disease? A meta-analysis. Neuropsychology 2006, 20:490-495.
    • (2006) Neuropsychology , vol.20 , pp. 490-495
    • Siegert, R.J.1    Taylor, K.D.2    Weatherall, M.3    Abernethy, D.A.4
  • 131
    • 0003129330 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive architectures and rational analysis: comment
    • Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, K. Van Lehn (Ed.)
    • Simon H.A. Cognitive architectures and rational analysis: comment. Architectures for intelligence 1991, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ. K. Van Lehn (Ed.).
    • (1991) Architectures for intelligence
    • Simon, H.A.1
  • 132
    • 0041736031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Profrontal and medial temporal lobe interactions in long-term memory
    • Simons J.S., Spiers H.J. Profrontal and medial temporal lobe interactions in long-term memory. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2003, 4:637-648.
    • (2003) Nature Reviews Neuroscience , vol.4 , pp. 637-648
    • Simons, J.S.1    Spiers, H.J.2
  • 134
    • 0026847039 scopus 로고
    • Memory and the hippocampus: a synthesis of findings with rats, monkeys, and humans
    • Squire L.R. Memory and the hippocampus: a synthesis of findings with rats, monkeys, and humans. Psychological Review 1992, 99:195-231.
    • (1992) Psychological Review , vol.99 , pp. 195-231
    • Squire, L.R.1
  • 135
    • 4644319867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory systems of the brain: a brief history and current perspective
    • Squire L.R. Memory systems of the brain: a brief history and current perspective. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory 2004, 82:171-177.
    • (2004) Neurobiology of Learning and Memory , vol.82 , pp. 171-177
    • Squire, L.R.1
  • 138
    • 0033928786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recognition memory and familiarity judgments in severe amnesia: no evidence for a contribution of repetition priming
    • Stark C.E.L., Squire L.R. Recognition memory and familiarity judgments in severe amnesia: no evidence for a contribution of repetition priming. Behavioral Neuroscience 2000, 114:459-467.
    • (2000) Behavioral Neuroscience , vol.114 , pp. 459-467
    • Stark, C.E.L.1    Squire, L.R.2
  • 139
    • 40849091947 scopus 로고
    • Theories of brain localization from Flourens to Lashley
    • Tizard B. Theories of brain localization from Flourens to Lashley. Medical History 1959, 3:132-145.
    • (1959) Medical History , vol.3 , pp. 132-145
    • Tizard, B.1
  • 140
    • 70349256433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural evidence of statistical learning: efficient detection of visual regularities without awareness
    • Turke-Browne N.B., Scholl B.J., Chun M.M., Johnson M.K. Neural evidence of statistical learning: efficient detection of visual regularities without awareness. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2009, 21:1934-1945.
    • (2009) Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , vol.21 , pp. 1934-1945
    • Turke-Browne, N.B.1    Scholl, B.J.2    Chun, M.M.3    Johnson, M.K.4
  • 142
    • 84862880547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intact implicit verbal relational memory in medial temporal lobe amnesia
    • Verfaellie M., LaRocque K.F., Keane M.M. Intact implicit verbal relational memory in medial temporal lobe amnesia. Neuropsychologia 2013, 50:2100-2106.
    • (2013) Neuropsychologia , vol.50 , pp. 2100-2106
    • Verfaellie, M.1    LaRocque, K.F.2    Keane, M.M.3
  • 144
    • 45849095235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Achieving enlightenment: what do we know aobut the implicit learning system and its interaction with explicit knowledge
    • Vidoni E.D., Boyd L.A. Achieving enlightenment: what do we know aobut the implicit learning system and its interaction with explicit knowledge. Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy 2007, 3:145-154.
    • (2007) Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy , vol.3 , pp. 145-154
    • Vidoni, E.D.1    Boyd, L.A.2
  • 145
    • 60749096233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An electrophysiological signature of unconscious recognition memory
    • Voss J.L., Paller K.A. An electrophysiological signature of unconscious recognition memory. Nature Neuroscience 2009, 12:349-355.
    • (2009) Nature Neuroscience , vol.12 , pp. 349-355
    • Voss, J.L.1    Paller, K.A.2
  • 146
    • 77956707393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What makes recognition without awareness appear to be elusive? Strategic factors that influence the accuracy of guesses
    • Voss J.L., Paller K.A. What makes recognition without awareness appear to be elusive? Strategic factors that influence the accuracy of guesses. Learning & Memory 2010, 17:460-468.
    • (2010) Learning & Memory , vol.17 , pp. 460-468
    • Voss, J.L.1    Paller, K.A.2
  • 150
  • 151
    • 0038931090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The death of implicit memory
    • Willingham D.B., Preuss L. The death of implicit memory. Psyche 1998, 2:1-10.
    • (1998) Psyche , vol.2 , pp. 1-10
    • Willingham, D.B.1    Preuss, L.2
  • 152
    • 0036712368 scopus 로고
    • Direct comparison of neural systems mediating conscious and unconscious skill learning
    • Willingham D.B., Salidis J., Gabrieli J.D.E. Direct comparison of neural systems mediating conscious and unconscious skill learning. Journal of Neurophysiology 1995, 88:1451-1460.
    • (1995) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.88 , pp. 1451-1460
    • Willingham, D.B.1    Salidis, J.2    Gabrieli, J.D.E.3
  • 153
    • 84867287309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preference by association: how memory mechanisms in the hippocampus bias decisions
    • Wimmer G.E., Shohamy D. Preference by association: how memory mechanisms in the hippocampus bias decisions. Science 2012, 338:270-273.
    • (2012) Science , vol.338 , pp. 270-273
    • Wimmer, G.E.1    Shohamy, D.2
  • 154
    • 84859213881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasticity in gray and white: neuroimaging changes in brain structure during learning
    • Zatorre R.J., Fields R.D., Johansen-Berg H. Plasticity in gray and white: neuroimaging changes in brain structure during learning. Nature Neuroscience 2012, 15:528-536.
    • (2012) Nature Neuroscience , vol.15 , pp. 528-536
    • Zatorre, R.J.1    Fields, R.D.2    Johansen-Berg, H.3
  • 156
    • 0028922415 scopus 로고
    • Localization of brain function: The legacy of Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828)
    • Zola-Morgan S. Localization of brain function: The legacy of Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828). Annual Review of Neuroscience 1995, 18:359-383.
    • (1995) Annual Review of Neuroscience , vol.18 , pp. 359-383
    • Zola-Morgan, S.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.