Toxicant-associated steatohepatitis

Toxicologic Pathology

Volumn 41, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 343-360

  Wahlang, Banrida ^a   Beier, Juliane I ^a   Clair, Heather B ^a   Bellis Jones, Heather J ^a   Falkner, K Cameron ^a   McClain, Craig J ^a,b   Cave, Matt C ^a,b  

^a University of Louisville School of Medicine   (United States)

^b VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

alcoholic liver disease; NAFLD; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; polychlorinated biphenyls; TAFLD; TASH; vinyl chloride

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; ALKENE DERIVATIVE; ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ARSENIC; CARBON TETRACHLORIDE; CHLOROETHANE; CHLOROFORM; DIOXIN; HERBICIDE; INSULIN SENSITIZING AGENT; LEAD; MERCURY; ORGANOCHLORINE INSECTICIDE; TETRACHLOROETHYLENE; TOXIC SUBSTANCE; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; VINYL CHLORIDE; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND;

ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ALCOHOL LIVER DISEASE; ALCOHOLISM; ARTICLE; BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL FEATURE; DISEASE MODEL; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; NONHUMAN; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ANIMALS; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; FATTY LIVER; HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY; HUMANS; OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; RISK FACTORS; VINYL CHLORIDE;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 84875701816     PISSN: 01926233     EISSN: 15331601     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0192623312468517     Document Type: Article

References (183)

1. Adachi Y., Bradford B. U., Gao W., Bojes H. K., Thurman R. G.. Inactivation of Kupffer cells prevents early alcohol-induced liver injury. Hepatology. 1994 ; 20: 453-60
2. Adams L. A., Lymp J. F., St Sauver J., Sanderson S. O., Lindor K. D., Feldstein A., Angulo P.. The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based cohort study. Gastroenterology. 2005 ; 129: 113-21
3. Allender W. J., Glastonbury J. W.. Simazine toxicosis in sheep. Vet Hum Toxicol. 1992 ; 34: 422-23
4. Allman M., Gaskin L., Rivera C. A.. CCl4-induced hepatic injury in mice fed a Western diet is associated with blunted healing. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010 ; 25: 635-43
5. Al-Salman F., Plant N.. Non-coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are direct agonists for the human pregnane-X receptor and constitutive androstane receptor, and activate target gene expression in a tissue-specific manner. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2012 ; 263: 7-13
6. Al-Sinani S., Al-Rawas A., Dhawan A.. Mercury as a cause of fulminant hepatic failure in a child: case report and literature review. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2011 ; 35: 580-82
7. Aly F. Z., Kleiner D. E.. Update on fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis. Adv Anat Pathol. 2011 ; 18: 294-300
8. Angrish M., Mets B., Jones A., Zacharewski T.. Dietary fat is a lipid source in 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-rho-dioxin (TCDD)-elicited hepatic steatosis in C57BL/6 mice. Toxicol Sci. 2012 ; 128: 377-86
9. Angrish M. M., Jones A. D., Harkema J. R., Zacharewski T. R.. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated induction of Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 alters hepatic fatty acid composition in TCDD-elicited steatosis. Toxicol Sci. 2011 ; 124: 299-310
10. Antonino-Green D., Linder M. W., Fortwengler P., Looney S., Geoghegan T. E., Valdes R. J.. Cytochrome P4502E1 polymorphism and glutathione S-transferase genotypes are linked to vinyl chloride-induced angiosarcoma [abstract]. Proc Am Assoc Canc Res. 2000 ; 41 :
11. Arteel G. E.. Oxidants and antioxidants in alcohol-induced liver disease. Gastroenterology. 2003 ; 124: 778-90
12. Arteel G. E., Guo L., Schlierf T., Beier J. I., Kaiser J. P., Chen T. S., Liu M., Conklin D. J., Miller H. L., von Montfort C., States J. C.. Subhepatotoxic exposure to arsenic enhances lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2008 ; 226: 128-39
13. Public Health Services: Department of Health and Human Services ; 1997a :
14. Toxicological profile for trichloroethylene. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.. 1997b ;:
15. Toxicological Profile for 1,2-Dichloroethane U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.. 2001 ;:
16. Toxicological profile for carbon tetrachloride. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.. 2005 ;:
17. Aubert J., Begriche K., Knockaert L., Robin M. A., Fromenty B.. Increased expression of cytochrome P450 2E1 in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: mechanisms and pathophysiological role. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2011 ; 35: 630-37
18. Barberino J. L., Carvalho F. M., Silvany-Neto A. M., Cotrim H. P., Goes R. C., Rosa H., Gidi J. F., Valladares C. M., Guedes F.. Liver changes in workers at an oil refinery and in a reference population in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2005 ; 17: 30-37
19. Barrio E., Tome S., Rodriguez I., Gude F., Sanchex-Leira J., Perez-Becerra E., Gonzalez-Quintela A.. Liver disease in heavy drinkers with and without alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2004 ; 28: 131-36
20. Beattie A. D., Mullin P. J., Baxter R. H., Moore M. R.. Acute lead poisoning: an unusual cause of hepatitis. Scott Med J. 1979 ; 24: 318-21
21. Beier J. I., Arteel G. E., McClain C. J.. Advances in alcoholic liver disease. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2011 ; 13: 56-64
22. Beier J. I., Luyendyk J. P., Guo L., von Montfort C., Staunton D. E., Arteel G. E.. Fibrin accumulation plays a critical role in the sensitization to lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury caused by ethanol in mice. Hepatology. 2009 ; 49: 1545-53
23. Beier J. I., McClain C. J.. Mechanisms and cell signaling in alcoholic liver disease. Biological Chemistry. 2010 ; 391: 1249-64
24. Bergheim I., Guo L., Davis M. A., Lambert J. C., Beier J. I., Duveau I., Luyendyk J. P., Roth R. A., Arteel G. E.. Metformin prevents alcohol-induced liver injury in the mouse: Critical role of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Gastroenterology. 2006 ; 130: 2099-112
25. Bergheim I., McClain C. J., Arteel G. E.. Treatment of alcoholic liver disease. Dig Dis. 2005 ; 23: 275-84
26. Bergheim I., Weber S., Vos M., Kramer S., Volynets V., Kaserouni S., McClain C. J., Bischoff S. C.. Antibiotics protect against fructose-induced hepatic lipid accumulation in mice: role of endotoxin. J Hepatol. 2008 ; 48: 983-92
27. Bhala N., Angulo P., van der Poorten D., Lee E., Hui J. M., Saracco G., Adams L. A., Charatcharoenwitthaya P., Topping J. H., Bugianesi E., Day C. P., George J.. The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis: an international collaborative study. Hepatology. 2011 ; 54: 1208-16
28. Bhatia L. S., Curzen N. P., Calder P. C., Byrne C. D.. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a new and important cardiovascular risk factor?. Eur Heart J. 2012 ; 33: 1190-200
29. Boverhof D. R., Burgoon L. D., Tashiro C., Sharratt B., Chittim B., Harkema J. R., Mendrick D. L., Zacharewski T. R.. Comparative toxicogenomic analysis of the hepatotoxic effects of TCDD in Sprague Dawley Rats and C57BL/6 mice. Toxicol Sci. 2006 ; 94: 398-416
30. Brautbar N., Williams J.. Industrial solvents and liver toxicity: risk assessment, risk factors and mechanisms. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2002 ; 205: 479-91
31. Breivik K., Sweetman A., Pacyna J. M., Jones K. C.. Towards a global historical emission inventory for selected PCB congeners - a mass balance approach. 2. Emissions. Sci Total Environ. 2002 ; 290: 199-224
32. Brodkin C. A., Daniell W., Checkoway H., Echeverria D., Johnson J., Wang K., Sohaey R., Green D., Redlich C., Gretch D., et al. Hepatic ultrasonic changes in workers exposed to perchloroethylene. OccupatEnviron Med. 1995 ; 52: 679-85
33. Browning J. D., Szczepaniak L. S., Dobbins R., Nuremberg P., Horton J. D., Cohen J. C., Grundy S. M., Hobbs H. H.. Prevalence of hepatic steatosis in an urban population in the United States: impact of ethnicity. Hepatology. 2004 ; 40: 1387-95
34. Brunt E. M., Janney C. G., Di Bisceglie A. M., Neuschwander-Tetri B. A., Bacon B. R.. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a proposal for grading and staging the histological lesions. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999 ; 94: 2467-74
35. Cave M., Appana S., Patel M., Falkner K. C., McClain C. J., Brock G.. Polychlorinated biphenyls, lead, and mercury are associated with liver disease in American adults: NHANES 2003-2004. Environ Health Perspect. 2010 ; 118: 1735-42
36. Cave M., Deaciuc I., Mendez C., Song Z., Joshi-Barve S., Barve S., McClain C.. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: predisposing factors and the role of nutrition. J Nutr Biochem. 2007 ; 18: 184-95
37. Cave M., Falkner K. C., Henry L., Costello B., Gregory B., McClain C. J.. Serum cytokeratin 18 and cytokine elevations suggest a high prevalence of occupational liver disease in highly exposed elastomer/polymer workers. J Occup Environ Med. 2011 ; 53: 1128-33
38. Cave M., Falkner K. C., McClain C. J. Zakim and Boyer's Hepatology: A Textbook of Liver Disease. Boyer T. Manns M. Sanyal A., ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders ; 2011: 476-492.
39. Cave M., Falkner K. C., Ray M., Joshi-Barve S., Brock G., Khan R., Bon Homme M., McClain C. J.. Toxicant-associated steatohepatitis in vinyl chloride workers. Hepatology. 2010 ; 51: 474-81
40. Chalasani N., Younossi Z., Lavine J. E., Diehl A. M., Brunt E. M., Cusi K., Charlton M., Sanyal A. J.. The diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Practice guideline by the American Gastroenterological Association, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, and American College of Gastroenterology. Gastroenterology. 2012 ; 142: 1592-609
41. Chang L. W., Yamaguchi S.. Ultrastructural changes of the liver after long-term diet of mercury-contaminated tuna. Environ Res. 1974 ; 7: 133-48
42. Choi S. H., Lee S. W., Hong Y. S., Kim S. J., Moon S. W., Moon J. D.. Diagnostic radiopacity and hepatotoxicity following chloroform ingestion: a case report. Emerg Med J. 2006 ; 23: 394-95
43. Cooper G. S., Makris S. L., Nietert P. J., Jinot J.. Evidence of autoimmune-related effects of trichloroethylene exposure from studies in mice and humans. Environment Health Perspect. 2009 ; 117: 696-702
44. Cotrim H. P., Andrade Z. A., Parana R., Portugal M., Lyra L. G., Freitas L. A.. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a toxic liver disease in industrial workers. Liver. 1999 ; 19: 299-304
45. Cotrim H. P., De Freitas L. A., Freitas C., Braga L., Sousa R., Carvalho F., Parana R., Santos-Jesus R., Andrade Z.. Clinical and histopathological features of NASH in workers exposed to chemicals with or without associated metabolic conditions. Liver Int. 2004 ; 24: 131-35
46. Crabb D. W.. Pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease: newer mechanisms of injury. The Keio Journal of Medicine. 1999 ; 48: 184-88
47. Creech J. L., Johnson M. N.. Angiosarcoma of liver in the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride. J Occup Med. 1974 ; 16: 150-51
48. Dannaher C. L., Tamburro C. H., Yam L. T.. Occupational carcinogenesis: the Louisville experience with vinyl chloride-associated hepatic angiosarcoma. Am J Med. 1981 ; 70: 279-87
49. Das K., Mukherjee P. S., Ghosh A., Ghosh S., Mridha A. R., Dhibar T., Bhattacharya B., Bhattacharya D., Manna B., Dhali G. K., Santra A., Chowdhury A.. Nonobese population in a developing country has a high prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver and significant liver disease. Hepatology. 2010 ; 51: 1593-602
50. Day C. P., James O. F.. Steatohepatitis: a tale of two "hits"?. Gastroenterology. 1998 ; 114: 842-45
51. Denison M. S., Pandini A., Nagy S. R., Baldwin E. P., Bonati L.. Ligand binding and activation of the Ah receptor. Chem Biol Interact. 2002 ; 141: 3-24
52. Desnoyers P. A., Chang L. W.. Ultrastructural changes in rat hepatocytes following acute methylmercury intoxication. Environ Res. 1975 ; 9: 224-39
53. Dossing M., Arlien-Soborg P., Milling Petersen L., Ranek L.. Liver damage associated with occupational exposure to organic solvents in house painters. Eur J Clin Invest. 1983 ; 13: 151-7
54. Edling C., Tagesson C.. Raised serum bile acid concentrations after occupational exposure to styrene: a possible sign of hepatotoxicity?. British J Ind Med. 1984 ; 41: 257-9
55. Edwards M. J., Keller B. J., Kauffman F. C., Thurman R. G.. The involvement of Kupffer cells in carbon tetrachloride toxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1993 ; 119: 275-79
56. El-Sabeawy F., Enan E., Lasley B.. Biochemical and toxic effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in immature male and female chickens. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2001 ; 129: 317-27
57. Enomoto N., Ikejima K., Bradford B. U., Rivera C. A., Kono H., Brenner D. A., Thurman R. G.. Alcohol causes both tolerance and sensitization of rat Kupffer cells via mechanisms dependent on endotoxin. Gastroenterology. 1998 ; 115: 443-51
58. IRIS Toxicological review of trichloroethylene (TCE) (External Review Draft). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, EPA/635/R-09/011A.. 2009 ;:
59. Falkner K. C., Hill B. G., Sansbury B., McClain C. J., Cave M.. Mitochondrial toxicity of chloroacetaldehyde in HepG2 cells. Hepatology. 2010 ; 52: 266A
60. Farrell G. Drug-Induced Liver Disease. New York: Churchill Livingstone ; 1994 :
61. Feldstein A. E., Wieckowska A., Lopez A. R., Liu Y. C., Zein N. N., McCullough A. J.. Cytokeratin-18 fragment levels as noninvasive biomarkers for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: A multicenter validation study. Hepatology. 2009 ; 50: 1072-78
62. Flinn F. B., Jarvik N. E.. Liver lesions caused by chlorinated napthalene. American J Epidemiol. 1938 ; 27: 19-27
63. Franco G., Fonte R., Tempini G., Candura F.. Serum bile acid concentrations as a liver function test in workers occupationally exposed to organic solvents. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1986 ; 58: 157-64
64. Frazier T. H., DiBaise J. K., McClain C. J.. Gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, obesity-induced inflammation, and liver injury. J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2011 ; 35: 14S - 20S
65. Futatsuka M., Kitano T., Nagano M., Inaoka T., Arimatsu Y., Ueno T., Wakamiya J., Miyamoto K.. An epidemiological study with risk analysis of liver diseases in the general population living in a methyl mercury polluted area. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1992 ; 46: 237-40
66. Futatsuka M., Kitano T., Shono M., Nagano M., Wakamiya J., Miyamoto K., Ushijima K., Inaoka T., Fukuda Y., Nakagawa M., Arimura K., Osame M.. Long-term follow-up study of health status in population living in methylmercury-polluted area. Environ Sci. 2005 ; 12: 239-82
67. Futatsuka M., Shibata Y., Kinjo Y.. Cause specific standard mortality ratio for Minamata Disease patients. Kumanoto Med J. 1987 ; 40: 10
68. Gedigk P., Muller R., Bechtelsheimer H.. Morphology of liver damage among polyvinyl chloride production workers. A report of 51 cases. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1975 ; 246: 278-85
69. Gelpi E., de la Paz M. P., Terracini B., Abaitua I., de la Camara A. G., Kilbourne E. M., Lahoz C., Nemery B., Philen R. M., Soldevilla L., Tarkowski S.. The Spanish toxic oil syndrome 20 years after its onset: a multidisciplinary review of scientific knowledge. Environment Health Perspect. 2002 ; 110: 457-64
70. Grube A., Donaldson D., Kiely T., Wu L.. Pesticides Industry Sales and Usage, 2006 and 2007 Market Estimates. United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2011 ;:
71. Guzelian P., Mills S., Fallon H. J.. Liver structure and function in print workers exposed to toluene. J Occup Med. 1988 ; 30: 791-96
72. Guzelian P. S., Vranian G., Boylan J. J., Cohn W. J., Blanke R. V.. Liver structure and function in patients poisoned with chlordecone (Kepone). Gastroenterology. 1980 ; 78: 206-13
73. Halevy J., Pitlik S., Rosenfeld J., Eitan B. D.. 1,1,1,-Trichloroethane intoxication: a case report with transient liver and renal damage. Review of the literature. Clin Toxicol. 1980 ; 16: 467-72
74. Hardwick R. N., Fisher C. D., Canet M. J., Scheffer G. L., Cherrington N. J.. Variations in ATP-binding cassette transporter regulation during the progression of human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Drug Metabol and Dispo. 2011 ; 39: 2395-402
75. Harrison R., Letz G., Pasternak G., Blanc P.. Fulminant hepatic failure after occupational exposure to 2-nitropropane. Ann Intern Med. 1987 ; 10: 466-8
76. Hennig B., Ormsbee L., McClain C. J., Watkins B. A., Blumberg B., Bachas L. G., Sanderson W., Thompson C., Suk W. A.. Nutrition can modulate the toxicity of environmental pollutants: implications in risk assessment and human health. Environ Health Perspect. 2012 ; 120: 771-74
77. Hennig B., Reiterer G., Toborek M., Matveev S. V., Daugherty A., Smart E., Robertson L. W.. Dietary fat interacts with PCBs to induce changes in lipid metabolism in mice deficient in low-density lipoprotein receptor. Environment Health Perspect. 2005 ; 113: 83-87
78. Hodgson M. J., Heyl A. E., Van Thiel D. H.. Liver disease associated with exposure to 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Arch Intern Med. 1989 ; 149: 1793-98
79. Hsiao T. J., Wang J. D., Yang P. M., Yang P. C., Cheng T. J.. Liver fibrosis in asymptomatic polyvinyl chloride workers. J Occup Environ Med. 2004 ; 46: 962-66
80. Hsieh H. I., Chen P. C., Wong R. H., Wang J. D., Yang P. M., Cheng T. J.. Effect of the CYP2E1 genotype on vinyl chloride monomer-induced liver fibrosis among polyvinyl chloride workers. Toxicology. 2007 ; 239: 34-44
81. Huang C. Y., Huang K. L., Cheng T. J., Wang J. D., Hsieh L. L.. The GST T1 and CYP2E1 genotypes are possible factors causing vinyl chloride induced abnormal liver function. Arch Toxicol. 1997 ; 71: 482-88
82. Polychlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxins. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum. 1997 ; 69: 33-343
83. Ibrahim S. H., Kohli R., Gores G. J.. Mechanisms of lipotoxicity in NAFLD and clinical implications. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2011 ; 53: 131-40
84. Infante P. F., Petty S. E., Groth D. H., Markowitz G., Rosner D.. Vinyl chloride propellant in hair spray and angiosarcoma of the liver among hairdressers and barbers: case reports. Int J Occup Environ Health. 2009 ; 15: 36-42
85. Ji F., Zheng Y. J., Wang Q., Wang W., Qiu Y. L., Wu F., Chai S. J., Li J., Xia Z. L.. Susceptibility of chromosomal damage among workers exposed to vinyl chloride monomer. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2011 ; 29: 583-8
86. Johansson I., Ingelmann-Sundberg M.. Carbon tetrachloride-induced lipid peroxidation is dependent on an ethanol-inducible form of rabbit liver microsomal cytochrome P-450. FEBS Letters. 1985 ; 183: 265-269
87. Joron G. E., Cameron D. G., Halpenny G. W.. Massive necrosis of the liver due to trichlorethylene. Canadian Medical Association Journal. 1955 ; 73: 890-91
88. Kensler T. W., Roebuck B. D., Wogan G. N., Groopman J. D.. Aflatoxin: a 50-year odyssey of mechanistic and translational toxicology. Toxicol Sci. 2011 ; 120: S28-48
89. Kielhorn J., Melber C., Wahnschaffe U., Aitio A., Mangelsdorf I.. Vinyl chloride: still a cause for concern. Environ Health Persp. 2000 ; 108: 579-88
90. Kim H. A case of acute toxic hepatitis after suicidal chloroform and dichloromethane ingestion. Am J Emerg Med. 2008 1073 ; 26: e3-6
91. Kim S. N.. Preclinical toxicology and pharmacology of dimethylacetamide, with clinical notes. Drug Metab Rev. 1988 ; 19: 345-68
92. Kimbrough R. D., Carter C. D., Liddle J. A., Cline R. E.. Epidemiology and pathology of a tetrachlorodibenzodioxin poisoning episode. Arch Environ Health. 1977 ; 32: 77-86
93. Kirpich I. A., Feng W., Wang Y., Liu Y., Barker D. F., Barve S. S., McClain C. J.. The type of dietary fat modulates intestinal tight junction integrity, gut permeability, and hepatic toll-like receptor expression in a mouse model of alcoholic liver disease. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2012 ; 36: 835-46
94. Kirpich I. A., Gobejishvili L. N., Bon Homme M., Waigel S., Cave M., Arteel G., Barve S. S., McClain C. J., Deaciuc I. V.. Integrated hepatic transcriptome and proteome analysis of mice with high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry. 2011 ; 22: 38-45
95. Kirschner M.. Chemical Profile: Styrene. ICB Americas. 2004 ;:
96. Kirschner M.. Chemical Profile: Toluene. ICB Americas. 2006 ;:
97. Kirschner M.. Chemical Profile: Benzene. ICB Americas. 2009 ;:
98. Klein R., Herman S. P., Brubaker P., Lucieh G. W.. A model of acute methylmercury intoxication in rats. Arch Path. 1972 ; 93: 11
99. Kleiner D. E., Brunt E. M.. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: pathologic patterns and biopsy evaluation in clinical research. Semin Liver Dis. 2012 ; 32: 3-13
100. Kleiner D. E., Brunt E. M., Van Natta M., Behling C., Contos M. J., Cummings O. W., Ferrell L. D., Liu Y. C., Torbenson M. S., Unalp-Arida A., Yeh M., McCullough A. J., Sanyal A. J.. Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2005 ; 41: 1313-21
101. Kono H., Bradford B. U., Rusyn I., Fujii H., Matsumoto Y., Yin M., Thurman R. G.. Development of an intragastric enteral model in the mouse: studies of alcohol-induced liver disease using knockout technology. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2000 ; 7: 395-400
102. Kopec A. K., D'Souza M. L., Mets B. D., Burgoon L. D., Reese S. E., Archer K. J., Potter D., Tashiro C., Sharratt B., Harkema J. R., Zacharewski T. R.. Non-additive hepatic gene expression elicited by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (TCDD) and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB153) co-treatment in C57BL/6 mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 ; 256: 154-67
103. Kopelman H., Scheurer P., Williams R.. The liver lesion in Epping Jaundice. Quart J Med. 1966 ; 35: 533-64
104. Kumar P., Prasad A. K., Maji B. K., Mani U., Dutta K. K.. Hepatoxic alterations induced by inhalation of trichlorethylene (TCE) in rats. Biomed Environ Sci. 2001 ; 14: 325-32
105. Kuratsune M., Ikeda M., Nakamura Y., Hirohata T.. A cohort study on mortality of «yusho» patients: a preliminary report. Princess Takamatsu Symp. 1987 ; 18: 61-6
106. Kylin B., Reichard H., Sumegi I., Yllner S.. Hepatotoxic effect of tri- and tetrachlorethylene on mice. Nature. 1962 ; 193: 395
107. Lake A. D., Novak P., Fisher C. D., Jackson J. P., Hardwick R. N., Billheimer D. D., Klimecki W. T., Cherrington N. J.. Analysis of global and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination gene expression in the progressive stages of human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011 ; 39: 1954-60
108. Lash L. H., Parker J. C.. Hepatic and renal toxicities associated with perchloroethylene. Pharmacological reviews. 2001 ; 53: 177-208
109. Lee J. H., Wada T., Febbraio M., He J., Matsubara T., Lee M. J., Gonzalez F. J., Xie W.. A novel role for the dioxin receptor in fatty acid metabolism and hepatic steatosis. Gastroenterology. 2010 ; 139: 653-63
110. Lieber C. S.. Ethanol metabolism, cirrhosis and alcoholism. Clin Chim Acta. 1997 ; 257: 59-84
111. Lim S., Ahn S. Y., Song I. C., Chung M. H., Jang H. C., Park K. S., Lee K. U., Pak Y. K., Lee H. K.. Chronic exposure to the herbicide, atrazine, causes mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance. PLoS One. 2009 ; 4: e5186
112. Lin T. H., Huang Y. L., Huang S. F.. Lipid peroxidation in liver of rats administrated with methyl mercuric chloride. Biological Trace Element Research. 1996 ; 54: 33-41
113. Lionte C.. Lethal complications after poisoning with chloroform - case report and literature review. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2010 ; 29: 615-22
114. Liu J.. Clinical analysis of seven cases of trichloroethylene medicamentose-like dermatitis. Ind Health. 2009 ; 47: 685-88
115. Liu J., Drane W., Liu X., Wu T.. Examination of the relationships between environmental exposures to volatile organic compounds and biochemical liver tests: application of canonical correlation analysis. Environ Res. 2009 ; 109: 193-99
116. Ludwig J., Viggiano T. R., McGill D. B., Oh B. J.. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Mayo Clinic experiences with a hitherto unnamed disease. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 1980 ; 55: 434-38
117. Lynge E., Thygesen L.. Primary liver cancer among women in laundry and dry-cleaning work in Denmark. Scand J Work Environ Health. 1990 ; 16: 108-12
118. Manibusan M. K., Odin M., Eastmond D. A.. Postulated carbon tetrachloride mode of action: a review. J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev. 2007 ; 25: 185-209
119. Mann P. C.. Selected lesions of dioxin in laboratory rodents. Toxicol Pathol. 1997 ; 25: 72-79
120. Maroni M., Colombi A., Cantoni S., Ferioli E., Foa V.. Occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls in electrical workers. I. Environmental and blood polychlorinated biphenyls concentrations. Br J Ind Med. 1981 ; 38: 49-54
121. Maroni M., Mocci F., Visentin S., Preti G., Fanetti A. C.. Periportal fibrosis and other liver ultrasonography findings in vinyl chloride workers. Occup Environ Med. 2003 ; 60: 60-65
122. Mastrangelo G., Fedeli U., Fadda E., Valentini F., Agnesi R., Magarotto G., Marchi T., Buda A., Pinzani M., Martines D.. Increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis in vinyl chloride workers: synergistic effect of occupational exposure with alcohol intake. Environment Health Perspect. 2004 ; 112: 1188-92
123. Mazumder D. N.. Effect of chronic intake of arsenic-contaminated water on liver. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2005 ; 206: 169-75
124. McClain C. J., Cohen D. A.. Increased tumor necrosis factor production by monocytes in alcoholic hepatitis. Hepatology. 1989 ; 9: 349-51
125. Merrell M. D., Cherrington N. J.. Drug metabolism alterations in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Drug Metab Rev. 2011 ; 43: 317-34
126. Mitoma C., Steeger T., Jackson S. E., Wheeler K. P., Rogers J. H., Milman H. A.. Metabolic disposition study of chlorinated hydrocarbons in rats and mice. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1985 ; 8: 183-94
127. Mokdad A. H., Ford E. S., Bowman B. A., Dietz W. H., Vinicor F., Bales V. S., Marks J. S.. Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and obesity-related health risk factors, 2001. JAMA. 2003 ; 289: 76-79
128. Nakasone H., Binh P. N., Yamazaki R., Tanaka Y., Sakamoto K., Ashizawa M., Sato M., Terasako K., Kimura S., Kikuchi M., Kako S., Okuda S., Oshima K., Tanihara A., Nishida J., Abe Y., Kanda Y.. Association between serum high-molecular-weight adiponectin level and the severity of chronic graft-versus-host disease in allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients. Blood. 2011 ; 117: 3469-72
129. Health, United States, 2001, with Urban and Rural Health Chart Book. MD: National Center for Health Statistics Hyattsville ; 2001 :
130. Neuberger M., Rappe C., Bergek S., Cai H., Hansson M., Jager R., Kundi M., Lim C. K., Wingfors H., Smith A. G.. Persistent health effects of dioxin contamination in herbicide production. Environ Res. 1999 ; 81: 206-14
131. Nichols L.. The Epping Jaundice outbreak: mortality after 38 years of follow-up. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2004 ; 77: 592-94
132. NIOSH (1978). Current Intelligence Bulletin. 27, Chloroethanes Review of Toxicity.
133. Nomiyama T., Uehara M., Miyauchi H., Imamiya S., Tanaka S., Seki Y.. Causal relationship between a case of severe hepatic dysfunction and low exposure concentrations of N,N-dimethylformamide in the synthetics industry. Ind Health. 2001 ; 39: 33-36
134. NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of a Binary Mixture of 3,3',4,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126) (CAS No. 57465-28-8) and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-Hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 153) (CAS No. 35065-27-1) in Female Harlan Sprague-Dawley Rats (Gavage Studies). NTP Technical Report Series. 2006 ;: 1-258
135. Patel M., Falkner K. C., McClain C. J., Brock G., Appana S., Cave M.. Pesticide and heavy metal exposures are associated with ALT elevation in American adults: NHANES 2003-2004 [abstract]. Gastroenterology. 2009 ; 136: 289
136. Patrick L.. Toxic metals and antioxidants: Part II. The role of antioxidants in arsenic and cadmium toxicity. Altern Med Rev. 2003 ; 8: 106-28
137. Perez C. A., Bosia J. D., Cantore M. S., Chiera A., Cocozzella D. R., Adrover R. E., Borzi S., Curciarello J. O.. [Liver damage in workers exposed to hydrocarbons]. Gastroenterologia y hepatologia. 2006 ; 29: 334-37
138. Pezzini A., Martini A. M., Gonzalez D. P., Cespedes N. A. F.. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by percloroetileno: Case re-port. Revista de Posgrado de la VIa Cátedra de Medicina. 2008 ; 179: 8-9
139. Philip B. K., Mumtaz M. M., Latendresse J. R., Mehendale H. M.. Impact of repeated exposure on toxicity of perchloroethylene in Swiss Webster mice. Toxicology. 2007 ; 232: 1-14
140. Ramdhan D. H., Kamijima M., Wang D., Ito Y., Naito H., Yanagiba Y., Hayashi Y., Tanaka N., Aoyama T., Gonzalez F. J., Nakajima T.. Differential response to trichloroethylene-induced hepatosteatosis in wild-type and PPARalpha-humanized mice. Environ Health Perspect. 2010 ; 118: 1557-63
141. Recknagel R. O., Glende J. E. A., Dolak J. A., Waller R. L.. Mechanisms of carbon tetrachloride toxicity. Pharmac Ther. 1989 ; 43: 139-54
142. Redlich C. A., Beckett W. S., Sparer J., Barwick K. W., Riely C. A., Miller H., Sigal S. L., Shalat S. L., Cullen M. R.. Liver disease associated with occupational exposure to the solvent dimethylformamide. Ann Intern Med. 1988 ; 108: 680-86
143. Redlich C. A., West A. B., Fleming L., True L. D., Cullen M. R., Riely C. A.. Clinical and pathological characteristics of hepatotoxicity associated with occupational exposure to dimethylformamide. Gastroenterology. 1990 ; 99: 748-57
144. Rendon E. S. G., Cano G. G., Gonzalez-Villalv A., Jimenez-Martinez R., Rodriguez-Lara V., Patricia B., Colin-Barenque L., Fortoul T.. Inhalation of Lead Acetate And Liver Damage: Morphofunctional Study In A Mouse Model. The Toxicologist CD Supplement to Toxicological Sciences - An Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology. 2012 ; 126: 540A
145. Rivara F. P., Jurkovich G. J., Gurney J. G., Seguin D., Fligner C. L., Ries R., Raisys V. A., Copass M.. The magnitude of acute and chronic alcohol abuse in trauma patients. Arch Surger. 1993 ; 128: 907-12
146. Rotman Y., Koh C., Zmuda J. M., Kleiner D. E., Liang T. J.. The association of genetic variability in patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) with histological severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2010 ; 52: 894-903
147. Santra A., Das G. J., De B. K., Roy B., Guha Mazumder D. N.. Hepatic manifestations in chronic arsenic toxicity. Indian J Gastroenterol. 1999 ; 18: 152-55
148. Santra A., Maiti A., Das S., Lahiri S., Charkaborty S. K., Mazumder D. N.. Hepatic damage caused by chronic arsenic toxicity in experimental animals. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2000 ; 38: 395-405
149. Schecter A., Colacino J., Haffner D., Patel K., Opel M., Papke O., Birnbaum L.. Perfluorinated compounds, polychlorinated biphenyls, and organochlorine pesticide contamination in composite food samples from Dallas, Texas, USA. Environ Health Perspect. 2010 ; 118: 796-802
150. Schwingel P. A., Cotrim H. P., Salles B. R., Almeida C. E., dos Santos C. R., Nachef B., Andrade A. R., Zoppi C. C.. Anabolic-androgenic steroids: a possible new risk factor of toxicant-associated fatty liver disease. Liver Int. 2011 ; 31: 348-53
151. Shi X., Wahlang B., Wei X., Yin X., Falkner K. C., Prough R. A., Kim S. H., Mueller E. G., McClain C. J., Cave M., Zhang X.. Metabolomic analysis of the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls in nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease. J Proteome Res. 2012 ; 11: 3805-15
152. Smith A. H., Hopenhayn-Rich C., Bates M. N., Goeden H. M., Hertz-Picciotto I., Duggan H. M., Wood R., Kosnett M. J., Smith M. T.. Cancer risks from arsenic in drinking water. Environmental Health Perspectives. 1992 ; 97: 259-67
153. Song M., Schuschke D. A., Zhou Z., Chen T., Pierce W. M., Wang R., Johnson W. T., McClain C. J.. High fructose feeding induces copper deficiency in Sprague-Dawley rats: a novel mechanism for obesity related fatty liver. J Hepatol. 2012 ; 56: 433-40
154. Storer R. D., Jackson N. M., Conolly R. B.. In vivo genotoxicity and acute hepatotoxicity of 1,2-dichloroethane in mice: comparison of oral, intraperitoneal, and inhalation routes of exposure. Cancer Res. 1984 ; 44: 4267-71
155. Straub A. C., Stolz D. B., Ross M. A., Hernandez-Zavala A., Soucy N. V., Klei L. R., Barchowsky A.. Arsenic stimulates sinusoidal endothelial cell capillarization and vessel remodeling in mouse liver. Hepatology. 2007 ; 45: 205-212
156. Sweeney M. H., Mocarelli P.. Human health effects after exposure to 2,3,7,8-TCDD. Food Addit Contam. 2000 ; 17: 303-16
157. Takahashi Y., Soejima Y., Fukusato T.. Animal models of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2012 ; 18: 2300-08
158. Tamburro C. H., Makk L., Popper H.. Early hepatic histologic alterations among chemical (vinyl monomer) workers. Hepatology. 1984 ; 4: 413-18
159. Tan M., Schmidt R. H., Beier J. I., Watson W. H., Zhong H., States J. C., Arteel G. E.. Chronic subhepatotoxic exposure to arsenic enhances hepatic injury caused by high fat diet in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 ; 257: 356-64
160. Tang X., Que B., Song X., Li S., Yang X., Wang H., Huang H., Kamijima M., Nakajima T., Lin Y., Li L.. Characterization of liver injury associated with hypersensitive skin reactions induced by trichloroethylene in the guinea pig maximization test. J Occup Health. 2008 ; 50: 114-21
161. Tannapfel A., Reinacher-Schick A., Flott-Rahmel B.. Steatohepatitis after chemotherapy for colorectal liver metastases (CASH). Pathologe. 2011 ; 32: 330-35
162. Thorpe C. M., Spence A. A.. Clinical evidence for delayed chloroform poisoning. Br J Anaesth. 1997 ; 79: 402-09
163. Tolman K. G., Sirrine R.. Occupational hepatoxicity. Clin Liver Dis. 1998 ; 2: 563-89
164. Tomei F., Giuntoli P., Biagi M., Baccolo T. P., Tomao E., Rosati M. V.. Liver damage among shoe repairers. American J Ind Med. 1999 ; 36: 541-47
165. Tsukamoto H., Takei Y., McClain C. J., Joshi-Barve S., Hill D., Schmidt J., Deaciuc I., Barve S., Colell A., Garcia-Ruiz C., Kaplowitz N., Fernandez-Checa J. C., Yokoyama H., Okamura Y., Yuji N., Ishii H., Chawla R. K., Watson W. H., Nelson W. J., Min L., Ohata M., Motomura K., Enomoto K., Ikejima K., Kitamura T., Oide H., Hirose M., Bradford B. U., Rivera C. A., Kono H., Peter S., Yamashina S., Konno A., Ishikawa H., Shimizu H., Sato N., Thurman R.. How is the liver primed or sensitized for alcoholic liver disease?. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2001 ; 25: 171S - 81S
166. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2010). Results from the 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health.
167. U.S. Geological Survey. (2007). Arsenic in ground water of the United States.
168. Vancova O., Ulicna O., Horecky J., Zeljenkova D., Wimmerova S., Trnovec
169. Verheij J., Voortman J., van Nieuwkerk C. M., Jarbandhan S. V., Mulder C. J., Bloemena E.. Hepatic morphopathologic findings of lead poisoning in a drug addict: a case report. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2009 ; 18: 225-27
170. Vernon G., Baranova A., Younossi Z. M.. Systematic review: the epidemiology and natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in adults. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011 ; 34: 274-85
171. Waalkes M. P., Liu J., Chen H., Xie Y., Achanzar W. E., Zhou Y. S., Cheng M. L., Diwan B. A.. Estrogen signaling in livers of male mice with hepatocellular carcinoma induced by exposure to arsenic in utero. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004 ; 96: 466-474
172. Waalkes M. P., Liu J., Ward J. M., Diwan B. A.. Enhanced urinary bladder and liver carcinogenesis in male CD1 mice exposed to transplacental inorganic arsenic and postnatal diethylstilbestrol or tamoxifen. Toxicol.Appl.Pharmacol. 2006 ; 215: 295-305
173. Welch A. H., Watkins S. A., Helsel D. R., Focazio M. J.. Arsenic in ground-water resources of the United States. U.S.Geological Survey Fact Sheet. 2000 ;: FS - 063
174. White K. L., Sanders V. M., Barnes D. W., Shopp G. M., Munson A. E.. Toxicology of 1,1,2-trichloroethane in the mouse. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1985 ; 8: 333-55
175. WHO. (2011). Global status report on alcohol and health.
176. Wilbur S., McClure P.. Interaction Profile For: 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, 1,1-Dichloroethane, Trichloroethylene, and Tetrachloroethylene. US Department of Health and Human Services. 2004 ;:
177. Wiwnaitkit V., Chaiyasit K.. Mercury, chronic hepatitis and hepatoma. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2011 ; 35: 776-77
178. Yang S. Q., Lin H. Z., Lane M. D., Clemens M., Diehl A. M.. Obesity increases sensitivity to endotoxin liver injury: implications for the pathogenesis of steatohepatitis. P Natl Acad Sci USA. 1997 ; 94: 2557-62
179. Yu M. L., Guo Y. L., Hsu C. C., Rogan W. J.. Increased mortality from chronic liver disease and cirrhosis 13 years after the Taiwan «yucheng» («oil disease») incident. Am J Ind Med. 1997 ; 31: 172-75
180. Zimmerman H. Hepatotoxicity: The Adverse Effects of Drugs and Other Chemicals on the Liver. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ; 1999 :
181. Zitting A., Savolainen H., Nickels J.. Acute effects of 2-nitropropane on rat liver and brain. Toxicol Lett. 1981 ; 9: 237-46
182. Zober A., Ott M. G., Messerer P.. Morbidity follow up study of BASF employees exposed to 2,3,7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) after a 1953 chemical reactor incident. Occup Environ Med. 1994 ; 51: 479-86
183. Zodrow J. M., Stegeman J. J., Tanguay R. L.. Histological analysis of acute toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in zebrafish. Aquat Toxicol. 2004 ; 66: 25-38