메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 52, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 339-354

Genetic toxicology in the 21st century: Reflections and future directions

Author keywords

Genotoxicity; High throughput screening; Mutagenicity; Toxicogenomics

Indexed keywords

ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL; INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL;

EID: 79957884917     PISSN: 08936692     EISSN: 10982280     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/em.20653     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (84)

References (81)
  • 1
    • 0022400101 scopus 로고
    • Fundamental structural alerts to potential carcinogenicity or noncarcinogenicity
    • Ashby J. 1985. Fundamental structural alerts to potential carcinogenicity or noncarcinogenicity. Environ Mutagen 7: 919-921.
    • (1985) Environ Mutagen , vol.7 , pp. 919-921
    • Ashby, J.1
  • 3
    • 77649217972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An in silico method for predicting Ames activities of primary aromatic amines by calculating the stabilities of nitrenium ions
    • Bentzien J, Hickey ER, Kemper RA, Brewer ML, Dyekjaer JD, East SP, Whittaker M. 2010. An in silico method for predicting Ames activities of primary aromatic amines by calculating the stabilities of nitrenium ions. J Chem Inf Model 50: 274-297.
    • (2010) J Chem Inf Model , vol.50 , pp. 274-297
    • Bentzien, J.1    Hickey, E.R.2    Kemper, R.A.3    Brewer, M.L.4    Dyekjaer, J.D.5    East, S.P.6    Whittaker, M.7
  • 4
    • 34250306426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicological and clinical computational analysis and the U.S. FDA/CDER
    • Benz RD. 2007. Toxicological and clinical computational analysis and the U.S. FDA/CDER. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 3: 109-124.
    • (2007) Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol , vol.3 , pp. 109-124
    • Benz, R.D.1
  • 5
    • 10044243564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human carcinogenic risk evaluation, part V: The national toxicology program vision for assessing the human carcinogenic hazard of chemicals
    • Bucher J, Portier C. 2004. Human carcinogenic risk evaluation, part V: The national toxicology program vision for assessing the human carcinogenic hazard of chemicals. Toxicol Sci 82: 363-366.
    • (2004) Toxicol Sci , vol.82 , pp. 363-366
    • Bucher, J.1    Portier, C.2
  • 6
    • 0025936509 scopus 로고
    • Increased ratio of targeted to random integration after transfection of chicken B cell lines
    • Buerstedde JM, Takeda S. 1991. Increased ratio of targeted to random integration after transfection of chicken B cell lines. Cell 67: 179-188.
    • (1991) Cell , vol.67 , pp. 179-188
    • Buerstedde, J.M.1    Takeda, S.2
  • 7
    • 78149314254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Salmonella mutagenicity assay: The stethoscope of genetic toxicology for the 21st century
    • Claxton LD, Umbuzeiro GA, DeMarini DM. 2010. The Salmonella mutagenicity assay: The stethoscope of genetic toxicology for the 21st century. Environ Health Perspect 118: 1515-1522.
    • (2010) Environ Health Perspect , vol.118 , pp. 1515-1522
    • Claxton, L.D.1    Umbuzeiro, G.A.2    DeMarini, D.M.3
  • 8
    • 39349118236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicology. Transforming environmental health protection
    • Collins FS, Gray GM, Bucher JR. 2008. Toxicology. Transforming environmental health protection. Science 319: 906-907.
    • (2008) Science , vol.319 , pp. 906-907
    • Collins, F.S.1    Gray, G.M.2    Bucher, J.R.3
  • 9
    • 0242624535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting the carcinogenic potential of pharmaceuticals in rodents using molecular structural similarity and e-state indices
    • Contrera JF, Matthews EJ, Benz RD. 2003. Predicting the carcinogenic potential of pharmaceuticals in rodents using molecular structural similarity and e-state indices. Reg Toxicol Pharmacol 38: 243-259.
    • (2003) Reg Toxicol Pharmacol , vol.38 , pp. 243-259
    • Contrera, J.F.1    Matthews, E.J.2    Benz, R.D.3
  • 10
    • 21744437416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QSAR modeling of carcinogenic risk using discriminant analysis and topological molecular descriptors
    • Contrera JF, MacLaughlin P, Hall LH, Kier LB. 2005a. QSAR modeling of carcinogenic risk using discriminant analysis and topological molecular descriptors. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2: 55-67.
    • (2005) Curr Drug Discov Technol , vol.2 , pp. 55-67
    • Contrera, J.F.1    MacLaughlin, P.2    Hall, L.H.3    Kier, L.B.4
  • 11
    • 27744582712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In silico screening of chemicals for bacterial mutagenicity using electrotopological e-state indices and MDL QSAR software
    • Contrera JF, Matthews EJ, Kruhlak NL, Benz RD. 2005b. In silico screening of chemicals for bacterial mutagenicity using electrotopological e-state indices and MDL QSAR software. Reg Toxicol Pharmacol 43: 313-323.
    • (2005) Reg Toxicol Pharmacol , vol.43 , pp. 313-323
    • Contrera, J.F.1    Matthews, E.J.2    Kruhlak, N.L.3    Benz, R.D.4
  • 12
    • 36148935631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of MC4PC and MDL-QSAR rodent carcinogenicity predictions and the enhancement of predictive performance by combining QSAR models
    • Contrera JF, Kruhlak NL, Matthews EJ, Benz RD. 2007. Comparison of MC4PC and MDL-QSAR rodent carcinogenicity predictions and the enhancement of predictive performance by combining QSAR models. Reg Toxicol Pharmacol 49: 172-182.
    • (2007) Reg Toxicol Pharmacol , vol.49 , pp. 172-182
    • Contrera, J.F.1    Kruhlak, N.L.2    Matthews, E.J.3    Benz, R.D.4
  • 13
    • 40949150720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In silico screening of chemicals for genetic toxicity using MDL-QSAR, nonparametric discriminant analysis, e-state, connectivity, and molecular property descriptors
    • Contrera JF, Matthews EJ, Kruhlak NL, Benz RD. 2008. In silico screening of chemicals for genetic toxicity using MDL-QSAR, nonparametric discriminant analysis, e-state, connectivity, and molecular property descriptors. Toxicol Mech Meth 18: 207-216.
    • (2008) Toxicol Mech Meth , vol.18 , pp. 207-216
    • Contrera, J.F.1    Matthews, E.J.2    Kruhlak, N.L.3    Benz, R.D.4
  • 14
    • 0034732939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of DNA repair on mutation spectra in Salmonella
    • DeMarini DM. 2000. Influence of DNA repair on mutation spectra in Salmonella. Mutat Res 450: 5-17.
    • (2000) Mutat Res , vol.450 , pp. 5-17
    • DeMarini, D.M.1
  • 17
    • 19544375991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the expression profiles induced by genotoxic and nongenotoxic carcinogens in rat liver
    • Ellinger-Ziegelbauer H, Stuart B, Wahle B, Bomann W, Ahr HJ. 2005. Comparison of the expression profiles induced by genotoxic and nongenotoxic carcinogens in rat liver. Mutat Res 575: 61-84.
    • (2005) Mutat Res , vol.575 , pp. 61-84
    • Ellinger-Ziegelbauer, H.1    Stuart, B.2    Wahle, B.3    Bomann, W.4    Ahr, H.J.5
  • 18
    • 37149025669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of a carcinogenic potential of rat hepatocarcinogens using toxicogenomics analysis of short-term in vivo studies
    • Ellinger-Ziegelbauer H, Gmuender H, Bandenburg A, Ahr HJ. 2008. Prediction of a carcinogenic potential of rat hepatocarcinogens using toxicogenomics analysis of short-term in vivo studies. Mutat Res 637: 23-39.
    • (2008) Mutat Res , vol.637 , pp. 23-39
    • Ellinger-Ziegelbauer, H.1    Gmuender, H.2    Bandenburg, A.3    Ahr, H.J.4
  • 19
    • 61449164867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of toxicogenomics to study mechanisms of genotoxicity and carcinogenicity
    • Ellinger-Ziegelbauer H, Aubrecht J, Kleinjans JC, Ahr HJ. 2009a. Application of toxicogenomics to study mechanisms of genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Toxicol Lett 186: 36-44.
    • (2009) Toxicol Lett , vol.186 , pp. 36-44
    • Ellinger-Ziegelbauer, H.1    Aubrecht, J.2    Kleinjans, J.C.3    Ahr, H.J.4
  • 21
    • 79957925179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Medicines Agency, Committee for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products. Replacement of animal studies by In vitro models. Available at: Accessed 17 March, 2011.
    • European Medicines Agency, Committee for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products. 1997. Replacement of animal studies by In vitro models. Available at: Accessed 17 March, 2011.
    • (1997)
  • 22
    • 79957923906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Medicines Agency, Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use. Guideline on the limits of genotoxic impurities. EMEA/CHMP/QWP/251344/2006. Available at: Accessed 15 March, 2011.
    • European Medicines Agency, Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use. 2006. Guideline on the limits of genotoxic impurities. EMEA/CHMP/QWP/251344/2006. Available at: Accessed 15 March, 2011.
    • (2006)
  • 23
    • 34547881497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A gene expression biomarker provides early prediction and mechanistic assessment of hepatic tumor induction by nongenotoxic chemicals
    • Fielden MR, Brennan R, Gollub J. 2007. A gene expression biomarker provides early prediction and mechanistic assessment of hepatic tumor induction by nongenotoxic chemicals. Toxicol Sci 99: 90-100.
    • (2007) Toxicol Sci , vol.99 , pp. 90-100
    • Fielden, M.R.1    Brennan, R.2    Gollub, J.3
  • 25
    • 0026512204 scopus 로고
    • Relative stabilities of nitrenium ions derived from heterocyclic amine food carcinogens: Relationship to mutagenicity
    • Ford GP, Griffin GR. 1992. Relative stabilities of nitrenium ions derived from heterocyclic amine food carcinogens: Relationship to mutagenicity. Chem Biol Interact 81: 19-33.
    • (1992) Chem Biol Interact , vol.81 , pp. 19-33
    • Ford, G.P.1    Griffin, G.R.2
  • 26
    • 0029153806 scopus 로고
    • The carcinogenesis bioassay in perspective: Application in identifying human cancer hazards
    • Fung VA, Barrett JC, Huff J. 1995. The carcinogenesis bioassay in perspective: Application in identifying human cancer hazards. Environ Health Perspect 103: 680-683.
    • (1995) Environ Health Perspect , vol.103 , pp. 680-683
    • Fung, V.A.1    Barrett, J.C.2    Huff, J.3
  • 27
    • 79957882136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summary by Chemical of Carcinogenicity Results in the Carcinogen Potency Data Base (CPDB). Technical Reports of the NCI/NTP. Available at: Accessed 17 March, 2011.
    • Summary by Chemical of Carcinogenicity Results in the Carcinogen Potency Data Base (CPDB). Technical Reports of the NCI/NTP. Available at: Accessed 17 March, 2011.
  • 28
    • 20544448220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supplement to the Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB): Results of animal bioassays published in the general literature through 1997 and by the National Toxicology Program in 1997-1998
    • Gold LS, Manley NB, Slone TH, Rohrbach L, Garfinkel GB. 2005. Supplement to the Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB): Results of animal bioassays published in the general literature through 1997 and by the National Toxicology Program in 1997-1998. Toxicol Sci 85: 747-808.
    • (2005) Toxicol Sci , vol.85 , pp. 747-808
    • Gold, L.S.1    Manley, N.B.2    Slone, T.H.3    Rohrbach, L.4    Garfinkel, G.B.5
  • 31
    • 33746789921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative high-throughput screening: A titration-based approach that efficiently identifies biological activities in large chemical libraries
    • Inglese J, Auld DS, Jadhav A, Johnson RL, Simeonov A, Yasgar A, Zheng W, Austin CP. 2006. Quantitative high-throughput screening: A titration-based approach that efficiently identifies biological activities in large chemical libraries. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103: 11473-11478.
    • (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.103 , pp. 11473-11478
    • Inglese, J.1    Auld, D.S.2    Jadhav, A.3    Johnson, R.L.4    Simeonov, A.5    Yasgar, A.6    Zheng, W.7    Austin, C.P.8
  • 32
    • 74949085703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel approach using DNA-repair-deficient chicken DT40 cell lines for screening and characterizing the genotoxicity of environmental contaminants
    • Ji K, Kogame T, Choi K, Wang X, Lee J, Taniguchi Y, Takeda S. 2009. A novel approach using DNA-repair-deficient chicken DT40 cell lines for screening and characterizing the genotoxicity of environmental contaminants. Environ Health Perspect 117: 1737-1744.
    • (2009) Environ Health Perspect , vol.117 , pp. 1737-1744
    • Ji, K.1    Kogame, T.2    Choi, K.3    Wang, X.4    Lee, J.5    Taniguchi, Y.6    Takeda, S.7
  • 35
    • 12144257810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Derivation and validation of toxicophores for mutagenicity prediction
    • Kazius J, McGuire R, Bursi R. 2005. Derivation and validation of toxicophores for mutagenicity prediction. J Med Chem 48: 312-320.
    • (2005) J Med Chem , vol.48 , pp. 312-320
    • Kazius, J.1    McGuire, R.2    Bursi, R.3
  • 36
    • 62749084516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity testing in the 21st century: Implications for human health risk assessment
    • Kavlock RJ, Austin CP, Tice RR. 2009. Toxicity testing in the 21st century: Implications for human health risk assessment. Risk Anal 29: 485-487.
    • (2009) Risk Anal , vol.29 , pp. 485-487
    • Kavlock, R.J.1    Austin, C.P.2    Tice, R.R.3
  • 37
    • 47849089737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the ability of a battery of three in vitro genotoxicity tests to discriminate rodent carcinogens and non-carcinogens III. Appropriate follow-up testing in vivo
    • Kirkland D, Speit G. 2008. Evaluation of the ability of a battery of three in vitro genotoxicity tests to discriminate rodent carcinogens and non-carcinogens III. Appropriate follow-up testing in vivo. Mutat Res 654: 114-132.
    • (2008) Mutat Res , vol.654 , pp. 114-132
    • Kirkland, D.1    Speit, G.2
  • 38
    • 21544473568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the ability of a battery of three in vitro genotoxicity tests to discriminate rodent carcinogens and non-carcinogens I. Sensitivity, specificity and relative predictivity
    • Kirkland D, Aardema M, Henderson L, Muller L. 2005. Evaluation of the ability of a battery of three in vitro genotoxicity tests to discriminate rodent carcinogens and non-carcinogens I. Sensitivity, specificity and relative predictivity. Mutat Res 584: 1-256.
    • (2005) Mutat Res , vol.584 , pp. 1-256
    • Kirkland, D.1    Aardema, M.2    Henderson, L.3    Muller, L.4
  • 39
    • 33747751533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the ability of a battery of three in vitro genotoxicity tests to discriminate rodent carcinogens and non-carcinogens II. Further analysis of mammalian cell results, relative predictivity and tumour profiles
    • Kirkland D, Aardema M, Muller L, Makoto H. 2006. Evaluation of the ability of a battery of three in vitro genotoxicity tests to discriminate rodent carcinogens and non-carcinogens II. Further analysis of mammalian cell results, relative predictivity and tumour profiles. Mutat Res 608: 29-42.
    • (2006) Mutat Res , vol.608 , pp. 29-42
    • Kirkland, D.1    Aardema, M.2    Muller, L.3    Makoto, H.4
  • 42
    • 67650729693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Profiling the activity of environmental chemicals in prenatal developmental toxicity studies using the U.S. EPA's ToxRefDB
    • Knudsen TB, Martin MT, Kavlock RJ, Judson RJ, Dix DJ, Singh AV. 2009. Profiling the activity of environmental chemicals in prenatal developmental toxicity studies using the U.S. EPA's ToxRefDB. Reproduct Toxicol 28: 209-219.
    • (2009) Reproduct Toxicol , vol.28 , pp. 209-219
    • Knudsen, T.B.1    Martin, M.T.2    Kavlock, R.J.3    Judson, R.J.4    Dix, D.J.5    Singh, A.V.6
  • 43
    • 33846820291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progress in QSAR toxicity screening of pharmaceutical impurities and other FDA regulated products
    • Kruhlak NL, Contrera JF, Benz RD, Matthews EJ. 2007. Progress in QSAR toxicity screening of pharmaceutical impurities and other FDA regulated products. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 59: 43-55.
    • (2007) Adv Drug Deliv Rev , vol.59 , pp. 43-55
    • Kruhlak, N.L.1    Contrera, J.F.2    Benz, R.D.3    Matthews, E.J.4
  • 44
    • 64049119418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Profiling chemicals based on chronic toxicity results from the U.S. EPA ToxRef Database
    • Martin MT, Judson RS, Reif DM, Kavlock RJ, Dix DJ. 2009a. Profiling chemicals based on chronic toxicity results from the U.S. EPA ToxRef Database. Environ Health Perspect 117: 392-399.
    • (2009) Environ Health Perspect , vol.117 , pp. 392-399
    • Martin, M.T.1    Judson, R.S.2    Reif, D.M.3    Kavlock, R.J.4    Dix, D.J.5
  • 45
    • 67649233774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Profiling the reproductive toxicity of chemicals from multigeneration studies in the Toxicity Reference Database (ToxRefDB)
    • Martin MT, Mendez E, Corum DG, Judson RS, Kavlock RJ, Rotroff DM, Dix D. 2009b. Profiling the reproductive toxicity of chemicals from multigeneration studies in the Toxicity Reference Database (ToxRefDB). Toxicol Sci 110: 181-190.
    • (2009) Toxicol Sci , vol.110 , pp. 181-190
    • Martin, M.T.1    Mendez, E.2    Corum, D.G.3    Judson, R.S.4    Kavlock, R.J.5    Rotroff, D.M.6    Dix, D.7
  • 47
    • 0032458218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new highly specific method for predicting the carcinogenic potential of pharmaceuticals in rodents using enhanced MCASE QSAR-ES Software
    • Matthews EJ, Contrera JF. 1998. A new highly specific method for predicting the carcinogenic potential of pharmaceuticals in rodents using enhanced MCASE QSAR-ES Software. Reg Toxicol Pharmacol 28: 242-264.
    • (1998) Reg Toxicol Pharmacol , vol.28 , pp. 242-264
    • Matthews, E.J.1    Contrera, J.F.2
  • 49
    • 32544452551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of genetic toxicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, and carcinogenicity data: I. Identification of carcinogens using surrogate endpoints
    • Matthews EJ, Kruhlak NL, Cimino MC, Benz RD, Contrera JF. 2006a. An analysis of genetic toxicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, and carcinogenicity data: I. Identification of carcinogens using surrogate endpoints. Reg Toxicol Pharmacol 44: 83-96.
    • (2006) Reg Toxicol Pharmacol , vol.44 , pp. 83-96
    • Matthews, E.J.1    Kruhlak, N.L.2    Cimino, M.C.3    Benz, R.D.4    Contrera, J.F.5
  • 50
    • 32544435283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of genetic toxicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, and carcinogenicity data: II. Identification of genotoxicants, reprotoxicants, and carcinogens using in silico methods
    • Matthews EJ, Kruhlak NL, Cimino MC, Benz RD, Contrera JF. 2006b. An analysis of genetic toxicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, and carcinogenicity data: II. Identification of genotoxicants, reprotoxicants, and carcinogens using in silico methods. Reg Toxicol Pharmacol 44: 97-110.
    • (2006) Reg Toxicol Pharmacol , vol.44 , pp. 97-110
    • Matthews, E.J.1    Kruhlak, N.L.2    Cimino, M.C.3    Benz, R.D.4    Contrera, J.F.5
  • 51
    • 40949145715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined use of MC4PC, MDL-QSAR, Leadscope PDM, and Derek for Windows Software to achieve high-performance, high-confidence, mode of action-based predictions of chemical carcinogenesis in rodents
    • Matthews EJ, Kruhlak NL, Benz RD, Contrera JF, Marchant CA, Yang C. 2008. Combined use of MC4PC, MDL-QSAR, Leadscope PDM, and Derek for Windows Software to achieve high-performance, high-confidence, mode of action-based predictions of chemical carcinogenesis in rodents. Toxicol Mech Meth 18: 189-206.
    • (2008) Toxicol Mech Meth , vol.18 , pp. 189-206
    • Matthews, E.J.1    Kruhlak, N.L.2    Benz, R.D.3    Contrera, J.F.4    Marchant, C.A.5    Yang, C.6
  • 52
    • 0000300233 scopus 로고
    • Detection of carcinogens as mutagens in the Salmonella/microsome test: Assay of 300 chemicals: discussion
    • McCann J, Ames BN. 1976. Detection of carcinogens as mutagens in the Salmonella/microsome test: Assay of 300 chemicals: discussion. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 73: 950-954.
    • (1976) Proc Nat Acad Sci USA , vol.73 , pp. 950-954
    • McCann, J.1    Ames, B.N.2
  • 53
    • 0001406666 scopus 로고
    • Detection of carcinogens as mutagens in the Salmonella/microsome test: Assay of 300 chemicals: Discussion
    • McCann J, Choi E, Yamasaki E, Ames BN. 1975. Detection of carcinogens as mutagens in the Salmonella/microsome test: Assay of 300 chemicals: Discussion. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 72: 5135-5139.
    • (1975) Proc Nat Acad Sci USA , vol.72 , pp. 5135-5139
    • McCann, J.1    Choi, E.2    Yamasaki, E.3    Ames, B.N.4
  • 57
    • 41049117650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity data informatics: Supporting a new paradigm for toxicity prediction
    • Richard A, Yang C, Judson R. 2008. Toxicity data informatics: Supporting a new paradigm for toxicity prediction. Tox Mech Meth 18: 103-118.
    • (2008) Tox Mech Meth , vol.18 , pp. 103-118
    • Richard, A.1    Yang, C.2    Judson, R.3
  • 58
    • 0034003770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of catalytic topoisomerase inhibitors to probe mechanisms of chemical-induced clastogenicity in Chinese hamster V79 cells
    • Snyder RD. 2000. The use of catalytic topoisomerase inhibitors to probe mechanisms of chemical-induced clastogenicity in Chinese hamster V79 cells. Environ Mol Mutagen 35: 13-21.
    • (2000) Environ Mol Mutagen , vol.35 , pp. 13-21
    • Snyder, R.D.1
  • 59
    • 34548456830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of atypical DNA intercalating agents in biological and in silico systems
    • Snyder RD. 2007. Assessment of atypical DNA intercalating agents in biological and in silico systems. Mutat Res 623: 72-82.
    • (2007) Mutat Res , vol.623 , pp. 72-82
    • Snyder, R.D.1
  • 60
    • 67650752112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An update on the genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of marketed pharmaceuticals with reference to in silico predictivity
    • Snyder RD. 2009. An update on the genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of marketed pharmaceuticals with reference to in silico predictivity. Environ Mol Mutagen 50: 435-450.
    • (2009) Environ Mol Mutagen , vol.50 , pp. 435-450
    • Snyder, R.D.1
  • 61
    • 0037134763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Putative identification of functional interactions between DNA intercalating agents and topoisomerase II using the V79 in vitro micronucleus assay
    • Snyder RD, Arnone M. 2002. Putative identification of functional interactions between DNA intercalating agents and topoisomerase II using the V79 in vitro micronucleus assay. Mutat Res 503: 21-35.
    • (2002) Mutat Res , vol.503 , pp. 21-35
    • Snyder, R.D.1    Arnone, M.2
  • 62
    • 0032809432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of bleomycin-induced micronucleus formation in V79 cells as a rapid and sensitive screen for non-covalent DNA binding compounds
    • Snyder RD, Strekowski L. 1999. Enhancement of bleomycin-induced micronucleus formation in V79 cells as a rapid and sensitive screen for non-covalent DNA binding compounds. Mutat Res 444: 181-192.
    • (1999) Mutat Res , vol.444 , pp. 181-192
    • Snyder, R.D.1    Strekowski, L.2
  • 63
    • 4043104039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of DNA intercalation potential of pharmaceuticals and other chemicals by cell-based and three-dimensional computational approaches
    • Snyder RD, Ewing DE, Hendry LB. 2004. Evaluation of DNA intercalation potential of pharmaceuticals and other chemicals by cell-based and three-dimensional computational approaches. Environ Mol Mutagen 44: 163-173.
    • (2004) Environ Mol Mutagen , vol.44 , pp. 163-173
    • Snyder, R.D.1    Ewing, D.E.2    Hendry, L.B.3
  • 64
    • 33748178209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA intercalative potential of marketed drugs testing positive in in vitro cytogenetics assays
    • Snyder RD, Ewing DE, Hendry LB. 2006. DNA intercalative potential of marketed drugs testing positive in in vitro cytogenetics assays. Mutat Res 609: 47-59.
    • (2006) Mutat Res , vol.609 , pp. 47-59
    • Snyder, R.D.1    Ewing, D.E.2    Hendry, L.B.3
  • 65
    • 34347250516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of genomic biomarkers to predict increased lung tumor incidence in 2-year rodent cancer bioassays
    • Thomas RS, Pluta L, Yang L, Halsey TA. 2007. Application of genomic biomarkers to predict increased lung tumor incidence in 2-year rodent cancer bioassays. Toxicol Sci 97: 55-64.
    • (2007) Toxicol Sci , vol.97 , pp. 55-64
    • Thomas, R.S.1    Pluta, L.2    Yang, L.3    Halsey, T.A.4
  • 66
    • 33748302750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of carcinogenic potential by a toxicogenomic approach using rat hepatoma cells
    • Tsujimura K, Asamoto M, Suzuki S, Hokaiwado N, Ogawa K, Shirai T. 2006. Prediction of carcinogenic potential by a toxicogenomic approach using rat hepatoma cells. Cancer Sci 97: 1002-1010.
    • (2006) Cancer Sci , vol.97 , pp. 1002-1010
    • Tsujimura, K.1    Asamoto, M.2    Suzuki, S.3    Hokaiwado, N.4    Ogawa, K.5    Shirai, T.6
  • 67
    • 79957884730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. EPA. EPA ToxCast. Available at: Accessed 15 January, 2011.
    • U.S. EPA. 2011a. EPA ToxCast. Available at: Accessed 15 January, 2011.
    • (2011)
  • 68
    • 79957886543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. EPA. ToxRefDB. Available at: Accessed 15 January, 2011.
    • U.S. EPA. 2011b. ToxRefDB. Available at: Accessed 15 January, 2011.
    • (2011)
  • 69
    • 79957884189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. EPA. DSSTox. Available at: Accessed 15 January, 2011.
    • U.S. EPA. 2011c. DSSTox. Available at: Accessed 15 January, 2011.
    • (2011)
  • 70
    • 79957928123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER). Guidance for industry-safety testing of drug metabolites. Available at: Accessed 17 March, 2011.
    • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER). 2008. Guidance for industry-safety testing of drug metabolites. Available at: Accessed 17 March, 2011.
    • (2008)
  • 72
    • 19644365314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of supervised clustering methods to discriminate genotoxic from non-genotoxic carcinogens by gene expression profiling
    • Van Delft JH, Van Agen E, van Breda SG, Herwijnen MH, Staal YC, Kleinjans JC. 2005. Comparison of supervised clustering methods to discriminate genotoxic from non-genotoxic carcinogens by gene expression profiling. Mutat Res 575: 17-33.
    • (2005) Mutat Res , vol.575 , pp. 17-33
    • Van Delft, J.H.1    Van Agen, E.2    van Breda, S.G.3    Herwijnen, M.H.4    Staal, Y.C.5    Kleinjans, J.C.6
  • 73
    • 0019531177 scopus 로고
    • The GENE-TOX program: genetic activity evaluation
    • Waters MD, Auletta A. 1981. The GENE-TOX program: genetic activity evaluation. J Chem Inf Comput Sci 21: 35-38.
    • (1981) J Chem Inf Comput Sci , vol.21 , pp. 35-38
    • Waters, M.D.1    Auletta, A.2
  • 74
    • 0028088822 scopus 로고
    • The performance of short-term tests in identifying potential germ cell mutagens. A qualitative and quantitative analysis
    • Waters MD, Stack HF, Jackson MA, Bridges BA, Adler I-D. 1994. The performance of short-term tests in identifying potential germ cell mutagens. A qualitative and quantitative analysis. Mutat Res 341: 109-131.
    • (1994) Mutat Res , vol.341 , pp. 109-131
    • Waters, M.D.1    Stack, H.F.2    Jackson, M.A.3    Bridges, B.A.4    Adler, I.-D.5
  • 75
    • 0033166127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic toxicology data in the evaluation of potential human environmental carcinogens
    • Waters MD, Stack HF, Jackson MA. 1999. Genetic toxicology data in the evaluation of potential human environmental carcinogens. Mutat Res 437: 21-49.
    • (1999) Mutat Res , vol.437 , pp. 21-49
    • Waters, M.D.1    Stack, H.F.2    Jackson, M.A.3
  • 76
    • 78649318364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterizing and predicting carcinogenicity and mode of action using conventional and toxicogenomics methods
    • Waters MD, Jackson MA, Lea IA. Characterizing and predicting carcinogenicity and mode of action using conventional and toxicogenomics methods. Mutat Res 705: 184-200.
    • Mutat Res , vol.705 , pp. 184-200
    • Waters, M.D.1    Jackson, M.A.2    Lea, I.A.3
  • 79
    • 12344272936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • History and rationale of genetic toxicity testing: an impersonal, and sometimes personal, view
    • Zeiger E. 2004. History and rationale of genetic toxicity testing: an impersonal, and sometimes personal, view. Environ Mol Mutagen 44: 363-371.
    • (2004) Environ Mol Mutagen , vol.44 , pp. 363-371
    • Zeiger, E.1
  • 80
    • 0033743199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The proportions of mutagens among chemicals in commerce
    • Zeiger E, Margolin BH. 2000. The proportions of mutagens among chemicals in commerce. Reg Toxicol Pharmacol 32: 219-225.
    • (2000) Reg Toxicol Pharmacol , vol.32 , pp. 219-225
    • Zeiger, E.1    Margolin, B.H.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.