The rise of a new GABA pharmacology

Neuropharmacology

Volumn 60, Issue 7-8, 2011, Pages 1042-1049

  Möhler, Hanns ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Benzodiazepine receptor; Cognition; Pain schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; 4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID A RECEPTOR; 4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID A RECEPTOR ALPHA2; 4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; 6 FLUORO 2,9 DIHYDRO 9 METHYL 2 PHENYL 4 (1 PYRROLIDINYLCARBONYL) 1H PYRIDO[3,4 B]INDOL 1 ONE; 7 TERT BUTYL 3 (2,5 DIFLUOROPHENYL) 6 (2 METHYL 2H 1,2,4 TRIAZOL 3 YLMETHOXY) 1,2,4 TRIAZOLO[4,3 B]PYRIDAZINE; ABECARNIL; ALPRAZOLAM; ANALGESIC AGENT; ANXIOLYTIC AGENT; BARBITURIC ACID DERIVATIVE; BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE; DIAZEPAM; EMAPUNIL; ETOMIDATE; GABAERGIC RECEPTOR AFFECTING AGENT; GABOXADOL; HYPNOTIC AGENT; INDIPLON; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; NOOTROPIC AGENT; OCINAPLON; PLACEBO; REELIN; SEDATIVE AGENT; TPA 023; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNINDEXED DRUG; ZALEPLON; ZOLPIDEM; 4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID A RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; BRETAZENIL; DIAZEPAM BINDING INHIBITOR; FLUMAZENIL; IMIDAZENIL; L 655708; MIDAZOLAM; MK 0777; MRK 016; MRK 409; NEUROSTEROID; NS 11394; PAGOCLONE; PARVALBUMIN; PWZ 029; RO 493851;

ABSENCE OF SIDE EFFECTS; ARTICLE; ASSOCIATIVE MEMORY; BINDING AFFINITY; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG RECEPTOR BINDING; GABAERGIC SYSTEM; GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER; HUMAN; INTERNEURON; LOW DRUG DOSE; MEMORY; NONHUMAN; PANIC; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DEFECT; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PYRAMIDAL NERVE CELL; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SEDATION; TARGET CELL; TRANQUILIZING ACTIVITY; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT; BRAIN FUNCTION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG POTENCY; DRUG SAFETY; EXCITATORY POSTSYNAPTIC POTENTIAL; HETEROZYGOSITY; LEARNING; NERVE CELL PLASTICITY; NERVE FIBER; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; POINT MUTATION; PRESYNAPTIC INHIBITION; REVIEW; STEROIDOGENESIS;

EID: 79954604419     PISSN: 00283908     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.10.020     Document Type: Review

References (110)

1. A receptors Br. J. Pharmacol. 144 2005 357 366 (Pubitemid 40313682)
2. A receptors, is a non-sedating anxiolytic in rodents and primates J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 316 2006 410 422
3. J.R. Atack, P.J. Bayley, G.R. Seabrook, K.A. Wafford, R.M. McKernan, and G.R. Dawson L-655,708 enhances cognition in rats but is not proconvulsant at a dose selective for alpha5-containing GABAA receptors Neuropharmacol 51 2006 1023 1029 (Pubitemid 44691810)
4. J.R. Atack, K.A. Maubach, K.A. Wafford, D. O'Connor, A.D. Rodrigues, and D.C. Evans In vitro and in vivo properties of MRK-016, a GABAA receptor alpha5 subtype-selective inverse agonist J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 331 2009 470 484
5. N.A. Ator, J.R. Atack, R.J. Hargreaves, H.D. Burns, and G.R. Dawson Reducing abuse liability of GABAA/benzodiazepine ligands via selective partial agonist efficacy at alpha1 and alpha2/3 subtypes J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 332 2010 4 16
6. J. Auta, A. Guidotti, and E. Costa Imidazenil prevention of alprazolam-induced acquisition deficit in Patas monkeys is devoid of tolerance Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 2000 2314 2319 (Pubitemid 30134066)
7. T.M. Ballard, F. Knoflach, E. Prinssen, E. Borroni, J.A. Vivian, J. Basile, R. Gasser, J.L. Moreau, J.G. Wettstein, and B. Buettelmann RO4938581, a novel cognitive enhancer acting at GABAA alpha5 subunit-containing receptors Psychopharmacology (Berl.) 202 2009 207 223
8. E.A. Barnard, P. Skolnick, R.W. Olsen, H. Möhler, W. Sieghart, G. Biggio, C. Braestrup, A.N. Bateson, and S.Z. Langer Subtype of γ-aminobutyric acid A receptors: classification on the basis of subunit structure and receptor function Pharmacol. Rev. 50 1998 291 313 (Pubitemid 28304030)
9. D. Belelli, and J.J. Lambert Neurosteroids: endogenous regulators of the GABA(A) receptor Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 6 2005 565 575 (Pubitemid 40942823)
10. M.C. Bernard Leons sur les effects de substances toxiques et médicamenteuses 1857 Baillire Paris pp. 238-304
11. M.T. Bianchi, and R.L. McDonald Neurosteroids shift partial agonist activation of GABA(A) receptor channels from low- to high-efficacy gating patterns J. Neurosci. 23 2003 10934 10943 (Pubitemid 37499703)
12. E. Bleuler Dementia praecox oder Gruppe der Schizophrenien 1911 Deuticke Leipzig Germany 420 pp.
13. C. Braestrup, R. Schmiechen, G. Neef, M. Nielsen, and E.N. Petersen Interaction of convulsive ligands with benzodiazepine receptors Science 216 1982 1241 1243 (Pubitemid 12082135)
14. S. Cavallaro, A. Korneyev, A. Guidotti, and E. Costa Diazepam-binding inhibitor (DBI)-processing products, acting at the mitochondrial DBI receptor, mediate adrenocorticotropic hormone-induced steroidogenesis in rat adrenal gland Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 1992 10598 10602
15. A alpha5 receptors with cognition enhancing properties J. Med. Chem. 47 2004 5829 5832 (Pubitemid 39507328)
16. R.Y. Cho, R.O. Konecky, and C.S. Carter Impairments in frontal cortical γ-synchrony and cognitive control in schizophrenia Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103 2006 19878 19883 (Pubitemid 46037524)
17. A receptor J. Neurosci. 22 2002 5572 5580 (Pubitemid 35386478)
18. E. Costa, and A. Guidotti Molecular mechanisms in the receptor action of benzodiazepines R. Geroge, R. Okun, A.K. Cho, Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology vol. 19 1979 Annual Reviews Inc. Palo Alto, CA 531 545 (Pubitemid 9149913)
19. E. Costa, and A. Guidotti Diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI): a peptide with multiple biological actions Life Sci. 49 1991 325 344
20. E. Costa, and A. Guidotti Benzodiazepines on trial: a research strategy TIPS 17 1996 192 200
21. E. Costa, A. Guidotti, and C.C. Mao Evidence for the involvement of GABA in the action of benzodiazepines: studies on rat cerebellum E. Costa, P. Greengard, Possible Involvement of GABA in the Central Actions of Benzodiazepines Advances in Biochemical Psychopharmacology 14 1975 Raven NY 113 130
22. E. Costa, A. Guidotti, and G. Toffano Molecular mechanisms mediating the action of benzodiazepines on GABA receptors Br. J. Psychiatry 133 1978 239 248 (Pubitemid 8392308)
23. E. Costa, M.G. Corda, B. Epstein, C. Forchetti, and A. Guidotti GABA-benzodiazepine interactions E. Costa, The Benzodiazepines: From Molecular Biology to Clinical Practice 1983 Raven Press New York 117 136
24. F. Crestani, J.R. Martin, H. Möhler, and U. Rudolph Resolving differences in GABAA receptor mutant mouse studies Nat. Neurosci 3 2000 1059
25. A receptors Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 2002 8980 8985 (Pubitemid 34693669)
26. A receptors different from zolpidem, zopiclone and benzodiazepines Neurosci. Res. Commun. 25 1999 139 148 (Pubitemid 30041348)
27. A receptor enhances cognition J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 316 2006 1335 1345 (Pubitemid 43345310)
28. A. Delini-Stula Bretazenil: clinical experience Neurosci. Facts 3 1992 72
29. A. Delini-Stula, and D. Berdah-Tordjman Antipsychotic effects of bretazenil, a partial benzodiazepine agonist in schizophrenia - a study group report J. Psychiatr. Res. 30 1996 239 250 (Pubitemid 26340786)
30. R. Dias, W.F. Sheppard, and R.L. Fradley Evidence for a significant role of alpha3-containing GABAA receptors in mediating the anxiolytic effects of benzodiazepines J. Neurosci. 25 2005 10682 10688 (Pubitemid 41681916)
31. J.C. Eccles Presynaptic inhibition J.C. Eccles, The Physiology of Synapses 1964 Springer-Verlag New York 220 238
32. S.J. Enna, and S.H. Snyder Properties of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor binding in rat brain synaptic membrane fractions Brain Res. 100 1975 81 97
33. M. Facklam, P. Schoch, E.P. Bonetti, F. Jenck, J.R. Martin, and W.E. Haefely Relationship between benzodiazepine receptor occupancy and functional effects in vivo of four ligands of differing intrinsic efficacies J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 261 1992 1113 1121
34. P. Fazzari, A.V. Paternain, M. Valiente, R. Pla, R. Lujan, K. Lloyd, J. Lerma, O. Marin, and B. Rico Control of cortical GABA circuity development by Nrg1 and ErbB4 signalling Nature 464 2010 1376 1380
35. A.C. Foster, M.A. Pelleymounter, M.J. Cullen, D. Lewis, M. Joppa, T.K. Chen, H.P. Bozigian, R.S. Gross, and K.R. Gogas In vivo pharmacological characterization of indiplon, a novel pyrazolopyrimidine sedative-hypnotic J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 311 2004 547 559 (Pubitemid 39391539)
36. J.M. Fritschy, and H. Möhler GABA-A receptor heterogeneity in the adult brain: differential regional and cellular distribution of seven major subunits J. Comp. Neurol. 359 1995 154 194
37. J.M. Fritschy, F. Crestani, U. Rudolph, and H. Möhler GABAA receptor subtypes with special reference to memory function and neurological disorders T.K. Hensch, M. Fagiolini, Excitatory Inhibitory Balance: Synapses, Circuits and Systems Plasticity 2004 Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers New York 215 228
38. A receptors J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 266 1993 1018 1028 (Pubitemid 23318721)
39. J. Glykys, E.O. Mann, and I. Mody Which GABA(A) receptor subunits are necessary for tonic inhibition in the hippocampus? J. Neurosci. 28 2008 1421 1426 (Pubitemid 351231514)
40. P.W. Gray, D. Glaister, P.H. Seeburg, A. Guidotti, and E. Costa Cloning and expression of cDNA for human diazepam-binding inhibitor, a natural ligand of an allosteric regulatory site of the γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 1986 7547 7551 (Pubitemid 16000560)
41. A receptor agonist with subtype-selective efficacy, as a potential treatment for generalized anxiety disorder and muscle spasms CNS Drug Rev. 9 2003 3 20 (Pubitemid 36438134)
42. A. Guidotti, H. Alho, A. Berkovich, D.H. Cox, C. Ferrarese, E. Slobodyansky, M.R. Santi, and C. Wambebe DBI processing: allosteric modulation at different GABA/benzodiazepine receptor subtypes E.A. Bernard, E. Costa, Allosteric Modulation of Amino Acid Receptors: Therapeutic Implications 1989 Raven Press, Ltd. New York
43. 67) expression in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a post-mortem brain study Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 57 2000 1061 1069
44. A. Guidotti, J. Auta, J.M. Davis, E. Dong, D.R. Grayson, M. Veldic, X. Zhang, and E. Costa GABAergic dysfunction in schizophrenia: new treatment strategies on the horizon Psychopharmacology 180 2005 191 205 (Pubitemid 40909664)
45. A receptor channel: a mechanism for interaction with a multitude of central nervous system functions H. Möhler, M. DaPreda, The Challenge of Neuropharmacology 1994 Editions Roche, Basle, Switzerland 15 39
46. W. Haefely, A. Kulcsar, H. Möhler, L. Pieri, P. Polc, and R. Schaffner Possible involvement of GABA in the central actions of benzodiazpines E. Costa, P. Greengard, Possible Involvement of GABA in the Central Actions of Benzodiazepines Advances in Biochemical Psychopharmacology vol. 14 1975 Raven NY 131 151
47. W. Haefely, J.R. Martin, and P. Schoch Novel anxiolytics that act as partial agonists at benzodiazepine receptors Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 11 1990 452 456 (Pubitemid 20351930)
48. A receptor occupancy Eur. J. Neurosci. 12 2000 810 818 (Pubitemid 30168758)
49. W. Hunkeler, H. Möhler, L. Pieri, P. Polc, E.P. Bonetti, R. Cumin, R. Schaffner, and W. Haefely Selective antagonists of benzodiazepines Nature 290 1981 514 516 (Pubitemid 11104175)
50. T. Klausberger, and P. Somogyi Neuronal diversity and temporal dynamics: the unity of hippocampal circuit operation Science 321 2008 53 57 (Pubitemid 351956237)
51. A receptor subtypes Nature 451 2008 330 334
52. J. Knabl, U.B. Zeilhofer, F. Crestani, U. Rudolph, and H.U. Zeilhofer Genuine antihyperalgesia by systemic diazepam revealed by experiments in GABAA receptor point-mutated mice Pain 141 2009 233 238
53. C. Kopp, U. Rudolph, and I. Tobler Sleep EEG changes after zolpidem in mice Neuroreport 15 2004 2299 2302 (Pubitemid 39392259)
54. P. Krogsgaard-Larsen, B. Frølund, T. Liljefors, and B. Ebert GABA(A) agonists and partial agonists: THiP (Gaboxadol) as a non-opioid analgesic and a novel type of hypnotic Biochem. Pharmacol. 68 2004 1573 1580 (Pubitemid 39286462)
55. K. Löw, F. Crestani, R. Keist, D. Benke, I. Brunig, J.A. Benson, J.M. Fritschy, T. Rulicke, H. Bluethmann, H. Möhler, and U. Rudolph Molecular and neuronal substrate for the selective attenuation of anxiety Science 290 2000 131 134
56. A receptor J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 314 2005 717 724 (Pubitemid 41043854)
57. D.A. Lewis, T. Hashimoto, and D.W. Volk Cortical inhibitory neurons and schizophrenia Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 6 2005 312 324 (Pubitemid 40469985)
58. D.A. Lewis, R.Y. Cho, C.S. Carter, K. Erklund, S. Forster, M.A. Kelly, and D. Montrose Subunit-selective modulation of GABA type A receptor neurotransmission and cognition in schizophrenia Am. J. Psychiatry 165 2008 1585 1593
59. A. Lippa, P. Czobor, J. Stark, B. Beer, E. Kostakis, M. Gravielle, S. Bandyopadhyay, S.J. Russek, T.T. Gibbs, D.H. Farb, and P. Skolnick Selective anxiolysis produced by ocinaplon, a GABA(A) receptor modulator Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102 2005 7380 7385 (Pubitemid 40696386)
60. H. Möhler, and T. Okada Demonstration of benzodiazepine receptors in the central nervous system Science 198 1977 849 851 (Pubitemid 8214700)
61. H. Möhler, M.K. Battersby, and J.G. Richards Benzodiazepine receptor protein identified and visualized in brain tissue by photo affinity labeling Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77 1980 1666 1670 (Pubitemid 10073822)
62. A receptors F. Holsboer, A. Ströhle, Anxiety and Anxiolytic Drugs, Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology vol. 169 2005 Springer Publishers 225 247
63. H. Möhler, J.M. Fritschy, and U. Rudolph A new benzodiazepine pharmacology J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 300 2002 2 8 (Pubitemid 34028501)
64. A receptors in cognition Biochem. Soc. Trans. 37 2009 1328 1333
65. 1 subtype Nat. Neurosci. 3 2000 587 592 (Pubitemid 30332078)
66. R. Melzack, and P.D. Wall Pain mechanisms: a new theory Science 150 1965 971 979
67. A receptor positive allosteric modulator: in vitro actions, pharmacokinetic properties and in vivo anxiolytic efficacy J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 327 2008 954 968
68. I. Mody, Y. DeKoninck, T.S. Otis, and I. Soltesz Bridging the cleft at GABA synapses in the brain Trends Neurosci. 17 1994 517 525 (Pubitemid 24347915)
69. A receptor-positive allosteric modulator NS11394 with diazepam, zolpidem, bretazenil and gaboxadol in rat models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 327 2008 969 981
70. 5 subunit in social encounters between male mice Aggress. Behav. 30 2004 319 325 (Pubitemid 39146261)
71. 3H diazepam displacing activity from human urine Life Sci. 25 1979 679 686 (Pubitemid 10230879)
72. D.J. Nutt, M. Besson, S.J. Wilson, G.R. Dawson, and R. Lingford-Hughes Blockade of alcohol's amnestic activity in humans by an alpha5 subtype benzodiazepine receptor inversse agonist Neuropharmacology 53 2007 810 820 (Pubitemid 350123479)
73. R.W. Olsen, and W. Sieghart International Union of Pharmacology. LXX. Subtypes of gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptors: classification on the basis of subunit composition, pharmacology and function Update. Pharmacol. Rev. 60 2008 243 260
74. V. Papadopoulos, A. Berkovich, K.E. Krueger, E. Costa, and A. Guidotti Diazepam binding inhibitor and its processing products stimulate mitochondrial steroid biosynthesis via an interaction with mitochondrial benzodiazepine receptors Endocrinology 129 1991 1481 1488
75. D. Perrais, and N. Ropert Effect of zolpidem on miniature IPSCs and occupancy of postsynaptic GABAA receptors in central synapses J. Neurosci. 19 1999 578 588 (Pubitemid 29036009)
76. P. Polc, H. Möhler, and W. Haefely The effect of diazepam on spinal cord activities: possible sites and mechanism of action Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. 284 1974 319 337
77. M.H. Pollack, J.J. Worthington, G.G. Manfro, M.W. Otto, and B.G. Zucker Abecarnil for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: a placebo-controlled comparison of two dosage ranges of abecarnil and buspirone J. Clin. Psychiatry 58 Suppl. 11 1977 19 23
78. A. Puia, I. Ducic, S. Vincini, and E. Costa Molecular mechanisms of the partial allosteric modulating effects of bretazenil at γ-amino-butyric acid type A receptor Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 1992 3620 3624
79. U. Rudolph, and B. Antkowiak Molecular and neuronal substrates for general anaesthetics Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 5 2004 709 720 (Pubitemid 39150142)
80. A receptor subtype functions Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 6 2006 18 23 (Pubitemid 43103815)
81. A receptor subtypes Nature 401 1999 796 800
82. A receptor subtypes: dissecting their pharmacological functions Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 22 2001 188 194 (Pubitemid 32244305)
83. R. Rupprecht Translocator protein (18KD) as target for anxiolytics without benzodiazepine-like side effects Science 325 2009 490 493
84. M.M. Savic, T. Clayton, R. Furtmüller, I. Gavrilovic, J. Samardzic, S. Savic, S. Huck, W. Siegart, and J.M. Cook PWZ-029, a compound with moderate inverse agonist functional selectivity at GABAA receptors containing alpha5 subunits, improves passive, but not active, avoidance learning in rats Brain Res. 1208 2008 150 159
85. W. Schlosser Action of diazepam on the spinal cord Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 194 1971 93 102
86. R.F. Schmidt Presynaptic inhibition in the vertebrate central nervous system Ergeb. Physiol. 63 1971 20 101
87. R.F. Schmidt, M.E. Vogel, and M. Zimmerman Die Wirkung von Diazepam auf die präsynaptische Hemmung und andere Rückenmarksreflexe Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. 258 1967 69 82
88. P. Schoch, and H. Möhler Purified benzodiazepine receptor retains modulation by GABA Eur. J. Pharmacol. 95 1983 323 324 (Pubitemid 14221376)
89. P. Schoch, B. Hearing, B. Takacs, H. Staehli, and H. Möhler A GABA/benzodiazepine receptor complex from bovine brain: purification, reconstitution and immunological characterization J. Recept. Res. 4 1984 189 200 (Pubitemid 15190359)
90. P. Schoch, J.G. Richards, P. Häring, B. Takacs, C. Stähli, T. Staehelin, W. Haefely, and H. Möhler Co-localization of GABA-A receptors and benzodiazepine receptors in the brain shown by monoclonal antibodies Nature 314 1985 168 171 (Pubitemid 15137126)
91. P.H. Seeburg, W. Wisden, T.A. Verdoorn, D.B. Pritchet, P. Werner, A. Herb, H. Lueddens, R. Sprengel, and B. Sakmann The GABA A receptor family: molecular and functional diversity The Brain Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology vol. 55 1990 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press New York 29 40
92. E. Siegel, and E.A. Barnard A γ-aminobutyric acid/benzodiazepine receptor complex from bovine cerebral cortex. Improved purification with preservation of regulatory sites and their interactions J. Biol. Chem. 259 1984 7219 7223 (Pubitemid 14077806)
93. A receptor subtypes S.J. Enna, H. Möhler, GABA Receptor 2006 Humana Press 69 86
94. K.M. Spencer, P.G. Nestor, R. Perlmutter, M.A. Niznikiewicz, M.C. Klump, M. Frumin, M.E. Shenton, and R.W. McCarley Neural synchrony indexes disordered perception and cognition in schizophrenia Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101 2004 17288 17293 (Pubitemid 39627812)
95. G. Sperk, C. Schwarzer, K. Tsunashima, K. Fuchs, and W. Sieghart GABA-A receptor subunits in the rat hippocampus I: immunocytochemical distribution of 13 subunits Neuroscience 80 1997 987 1000 (Pubitemid 27359787)
96. R.F. Squires, and C. Braestrup Benzodiazepine receptors in rat brain Nature 266 1977 732 734 (Pubitemid 8073805)
97. D.N. Stephens, L. Turski, G.H. Jones, K.G. Steppuhn, and H.H. Schneider Abecarnil: a novel anxiolytic with mixed full agonist/partial agonist properties in animal models of anxiety and sedation D.N. Stephens, Anxiolytic β-Carbolines: From Molecular Biology to the Clinic 1993 Springer Publisher Berlin 79 95
98. S. Storustovu, and B. Ebert Gaboxadol: in vitro interaction studies with benzodiazepines and ethanol suggest functional selectivity Eur. J. Pharmacol. 467 2003 49 56 (Pubitemid 36423384)
99. A. Ströhle, E. Romeao, F. di Michele, A. Pasini, B. Hermann, G. Gajewsky, F. Holsboer, and R. Rupprecht Induced panic attacks shift gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor modulatory neuroactive steroid composition in patients with panic disorder: preliminary results Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 60 2003 161 168 (Pubitemid 36173122)
100. W.P. Stratten, and C.D. Barnes Diazepam and presynaptic inhibition Neuropharmacology 10 1971 685 696
101. J.F. Tallman, J.W. Thomas, and D.W. Gallager GABAergic modulation of benzodiazepine binding site sensitivity Nature 274 1978 383 385 (Pubitemid 8387339)
102. K. Van Laere, G. Bormans, S.M. Sanabria-Bohorquez, T. de Groot, P. Dupont, I. De Lepeleire, J. de Hoon, L. Mortelmans, R.J. Hargreaves, J.R. Atack, and H.D. Burns In vivo characterization and dynamic receptor occupancy imaging of TPA023B, an alpha2/alpha3/alpha5 subtype selective gamma-aminobutyric acid-A partial agonist Biol. Psychiatry 64 2008 153 161
103. M. Wallner, H.J. Hanchar, and R.W. Olsen Ethanol enhances alpha 4 beta3 delta and alpha 6 beta 3 delta gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors at low concentration known to affect humans Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 2003 15218 15223 (Pubitemid 37518043)
104. P.J. Whiting The GABAA receptor gene family: new opportunities for drug development Curr. Opin. Drug Discov. Devel. 6 2003 648 655
105. P. Whiting, K.A. Wafford, and R.M. McKernan Pharmacologic subtypes of GABAA receptors based on subunit composition D.L. Martin, R.W. Olsen, GABA in the Nervous System: the View at Fifty Years 2000 Lippincott Philadelphia 113 126
106. 5 subunit mediate the trance effect in aversive and appetitive conditioning and extinction of conditioned fear Eur. J. Neurosci. 20 2004 1928 1936 (Pubitemid 39471587)
107. A receptors to a dopamine hyperfunction Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102 2005 17154 17159 (Pubitemid 41692699)
108. A.B. Young, and S.H. Snyder Strychnine binding associated with glycine receptors of the central nervous system Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 70 1973 2832 2836
109. H.U. Zeilhofer Loss of glycinergic and GABAergic inhibition in chronic pain Int. Immunopharmacol. 8 2008 182 187
110. H.U. Zeilhofer, H. Möhler, and A. DiLio GABAergic analgesia: new insights from mutant mice and subtype-selective agonists TIPS 30 2009 397 402