New and classic families of secreted fungal heme peroxidases

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

Volumn 87, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 871-897

  Hofrichter, Martin ^a   Ullrich, René ^a   Pecyna, Marek J ^a   Liers, Christiane ^a   Lundell, Taina ^b  

^a International Graduate School Zittau   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

Author keywords

Basidiomycota; Oxygen transfer; P450; Peroxidases; Peroxygenases

Indexed keywords

BIODEGRADATION; FUNGI; KETONES; LIGNIN; MANGANESE; OXYGEN; PHENOLS;

BASIDIOMYCOTA; OXYGEN TRANSFER; P450; PEROXIDASES; PEROXYGENASES;

PORPHYRINS;

ANTHRAQUINONE DERIVATIVE; AROMATIC PEROXYGENASE; CHLORIDE PEROXIDASE; DYE DECOLORIZING PEROXIDASE; DYP TYPE PEROXIDASE; HEME THIOLATE PEROXIDA; LIGNIN PEROXIDASE; MANGANESE PEROXIDASE; PEROXIDASE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; FUNGAL PROTEIN; HEME;

BIODEGRADATION; BIOTECHNOLOGY; CATALYSIS; CATALYST; ENZYME ACTIVITY; FUNGUS; OXYGEN; REACTION KINETICS;

AGARICUS BISPORUS; AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; BIOCATALYST; CHEMICAL REACTION; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; ESCHERICHIA COLI; FUNGUS; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PHANEROCHAETE; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN STRUCTURE; SHORT SURVEY; CHEMISTRY; CLASSIFICATION; ENZYMOLOGY; GENETICS; METABOLISM; MOLECULAR GENETICS; MULTIGENE FAMILY; PHYLOGENY; PROTEIN TRANSPORT; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; FUNGAL PROTEINS; FUNGI; HEME; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; MULTIGENE FAMILY; PEROXIDASES; PHYLOGENY; PROTEIN TRANSPORT; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT;

EID: 77954296079     PISSN: 01757598     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2633-0     Document Type: Short Survey

References (250)

1. Alvarado B, Torres E (2009) Recents patents in the use of peroxidases. Recent Pat Biotechnol 3:88-102
2. Anh DH, Ullrich R, Benndorf D, Svatos A, Muck A, Hofrichter M (2007) The coprophilous mushroom Coprinus radians secretes a haloperoxidase that catalyzes aromatic peroxygenation. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:5477-5485
3. Aranda E, Kinne M, Kluge M, Ullrich R, Hofrichter M (2009) Conversion of dibenzothiophene by the mushrooms Agrocybe aegerita and Coprinellus radians and their extracellular peroxygenases. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 82:1057-1066
4. Aranda E, Ullrich R, Hofrichter M (2010) Conversion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, methyl naphthalenes and dibenzofuran by two fungal peroxygenases. Biodegradation 21:267-281
5. Ayala M, Robledo NR, Lopez-Munguia A, Vazquez-Duhalt R (2000) Substrate specificity and ionization potential in chloroperoxidase- catalyzed oxidation of diesel fuel. Environ Sci Technol 34:2804-2809
6. Ayala M, Roman R, Vazquez-Duhalt R (2007) A catalytic approach to estimate the redox potential of heme-peroxidases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 357:804-808
7. Ayala M, Pickard MA, Vazquez-Duhalt R (2008) Fungal enzymes for environmental purposes, a molecular biology challenge. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol 15:172-180
8. Azevedo AM, Martins VC, Prazeres DM, Vojinovic V, Cabral JM, Fonseca LP (2003) Horseradish peroxidase: a valuable tool in biotechnology. Biotechnol Annu Rev 9:199-247
9. Baciocchi E, Bietti M, Gerini MF, Lanzalunga O (2002) The mediation of veratryl alcohol in oxidations promoted by lignin peroxidase: the lifetime of veratryl alcohol radical cation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 293:832-835
10. Baldrian P (2006) Fungal laccases - occurrence and properties. FEMS Microbiol Rev 30:215-242
11. Banci L, Ciofi-Baffoni S, Tien M (1999) Lignin and Mn peroxidase- catalyzed oxidation of phenolic lignin oligomers. Biochemistry 38:3205-3210
12. Bengtson P, Bastviken D, de Boer W, Oberg G (2009) Possible role of reactive chlorine in microbial antagonism and organic matter chlorination in terrestrial environments. Environ Microbiol 11:1330-1339
13. Blanke SR, Yi S, Hager LP (1989) Development of semi-continuous and continuous flow bioreactors for the high level production of chloroperoxidase. Biotechnol Lett 11:769-774
14. Blodig W, Smith AT, Doyle WA, Piontek K (2001) Crystal structures of pristine and oxidatively processed lignin peroxidase expressed in Escherichia coli and of the W171F variant that eliminates the redox active tryptophan 171. Implications for the reaction mechanism. J Mol Biol 305:851-861
15. Bond AM, Fleming BD, Martin LL (2007) The electrochemistry of cytochrome P450. In: Sigel A, Sigel H, Sigel RKO (eds) Metal ions in life sciences, 1st edn. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, pp 127-155
16. Borole AP, Davison BH (2007) Techno-economic analysis of biocatalytic processes for production of alkene epoxides. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 137-140:437-449
17. Bumpus JA (1989) Biodegradation of polycyclic hydrocarbons by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Appl Environ Microbiol 55:154-158
18. 2. J Biol Chem 267:11149-11155
19. Cartron ML, Mitchell SA, Woodhall MR, Andrews SC, Watson KA (2007) Preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of YcdB from Escherichia coli: a novel haem-containing and Tat-secreted periplasmic protein with a potential role in iron transport. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 63:37-41
20. Casella L, Poli S, Gullotti M, Selvaggini C, Beringhelli T, Marchesini A (1994) The chloroperoxidase-catalyzed oxidation of phenols. Mechanism, selectivity, and characterization of enzyme-substrate complexes. Biochemistry 33:6377-6386
21. Chang HC, Holland RD, Bumpus JA, Churchwell MI, Doerge DR (1999) Inactivation of Coprinus cinereus peroxidase by 4- chloroaniline during turnover: comparison with horseradish peroxidase and bovine lactoperoxidase. Chemico-Biol Int 123:197-217
22. Chiang R, Rand-Meir T, Makino R, Hager LP (1976) Compound X. An intermediate in enzymatic halogenation. J Biol Chem 251:6340-6346
23. β of tryptophan 171: a novel radical site formed during the redox cycle. J Mol Biol 286:809-827
24. Conesa A, Punt PJ, van Luijk N, van den Hondel CA (2001) The secretion pathway in filamentous fungi: a biotechnological view. Fungal Genet Biol 33:155-171
25. Conesa A, Punt PJ, van den Hondel CA (2002) Fungal peroxidases: molecular aspects and applications. J Biotechnol 93:143-158
26. Cullen D (1997) Recent advances on the molecular genetics of ligninolytic fungi. J Biotechnol 53:273-289
27. Dai L, Klibanov AM (2000) Peroxidase-catalyzed asymmetric sulfoxidation in organic solvents versus in water. Biotechnol Bioeng 70:353-357
28. Dau AH (2008) Novel extracellular haloperoxidase-peroxygenases from the coprophilous fungi Coprinus radians and Coprinus verticillatus: production, purification and biochemical characterization. Ph.D. Thesis (dissertation), Unit of Environmental Biotechnology, International Graduate School of Zittau (Germany)
29. Dawson JH (1988) Probing structure-function relations in heme-containing oxygenases and peroxidases. Science 240:433-439
30. de Hoog HM, Nallani M, Cornelissen JJ, Rowan AE, Nolte RJ, Arends IW (2009) Biocatalytic oxidation by chloroperoxidase from Caldariomyces fumago in polymersome nanoreactors. Org Biomol Chem 7:4604-4610
31. Dingler C, Ladner W, Krei GA, Cooper BS, Hauer B (1996) Preparation of (R)-2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)propionic acid by biotransformation. Pestic Sci 46:33-53
32. Doyle WA, Blodig W, Veitch NC, Piontek K, Smith AT (1998) Two substrate interaction sites in lignin peroxidase revealed by site-directed mutagenesis. Biochemistry 37:15097-15105
33. Dunford HB (1991) Horseradish peroxidase: structure and kinetic properties. In: Everse J, Everse KE, Grisham MB (eds) Peroxidases in chemistry and biology, 1st edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Ann Arbor, Boston, pp 1-24
34. Dunford HB (1999) Heme peroxidases, 1st edn. Wiley-VCH, New York
35. Everse J, Everse KE, Grisham MB (1991a) Peroxidases in chemistry and biology. 1st edn., vol.I, 1st edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Ann Arbor, Boston
36. Everse J, Everse KE, Grisham MB (1991b) Peroxidases in chemistry and biology. 1st edn., vol.II. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Ann Arbor, Boston
37. Faraco V, Piscitelli A, Sannia G, Giardina P (2007) Identification of a new member of the dye-decolorizing peroxidase family from Pleurotus ostreatus. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 23:889-893
38. Ferreira P, Hernández-Ortega A, Herguedas B, Martínez AT, Medina M (2009) Aryl-alcohol oxidase involved in lignin degradation: a mechanistic study based on steady and pre-steady state kinetics and primary and solvent isotope effects with two alcohol substrates. J Biol Chem 284:28840-28847
39. Fleischmann P, Zorn H (2008) Enzymic pathways for formation of carotenoid cleavage products. In: Britton G, Liaaen-Jensen S, Pfander H (eds) Carotenoids: natural functions, 1st edn. Birkhäuser, Basel, pp 341-366
40. Fleischmann A, Darsow M, Degtyarenko K, Fleischmann W, Boyce S, Axelsen KB, Bairoch A, Schomburg D, Tipton KF, Apweiler R (2004) IntEnz, the integrated relational enzyme database. Nucleic Acids Res 32:D434-D437
41. Fournier D, Halasz A, Spain J, Spanggord RJ, Bottaro JC, Hawari J (2004) Biodegradation of the hexahydro-1, 3, 5-trinitro-1, 3, 5- triazine ring cleavage product 4-nitro-2, 4-diazabutanal by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Appl Environ Microbiol 70:1123-1128
42. Gazarian IG, Lagrimini LM (1996) Purification and unusual kinetic properties of a tobacco anionic peroxidase. Phytochemistry 41:1029-1034
43. Gazarian IG, Lagrimini LM (1998) Anaerobic stopped-flow studies of indole-3-acetic acid oxidation by dioxygen catalysed by horseradish C and anionic tobacco peroxidase at neutral pH: catalase effect. Biophys Chem 72:231-237
44. Gazarian IG, Lagrimini LM, Mellon FA, Naldrett MJ, Ashby GA, Thorneley RN (1998) Identification of skatolyl hydroperoxide and its role in the peroxidase-catalysed oxidation of indol-3-yl acetic acid. Biochem J 333(Pt1):223-232
45. Gedig T, Decker D, Scheibner K, Hofrichter M, Ullrich R, Kluge M (2008) Process for the preparation of optically active 1- arylalcohols using the haloperoxidase of Agrocybe aegerita. patent, WO/2008/028526
46. Geigert J, Lee TD, Dalietos DJ, Hirano DS, Neidleman SL (1986) Epoxidation of alkenes by chloroperoxidase catalysis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 136:778-782
47. Gold MH, Youngs HL, Gelpke MD (2000) Manganese peroxidase. Met Ions Biol Syst 37:559-586
48. Gonzalez FJ (2005) Role of cytochromes P450 in chemical toxicity and oxidative stress: studies with CYP2E1. Mutat Res 569:101-110
49. Grey CE, Rundbäck F, Adlercreutz P (2008) Improved operational stability of chloroperoxidase through use of antioxidants. J Biotechnol 135:196-201
50. Hager LP, Morris DR, Brown FS, Eberwein H (1966) Chloroperoxidase. II. Utilization of halogen anions. J Biol Chem 241:1769-1777
51. Hammel KE, Cullen D (2008) Role of fungal peroxidases in biological ligninolysis. Curr Opin Plant Biol 11:349-355
52. Hammel KE, Moen MA (1991) Depolymerization of a synthetic lignin in vitro by lignin peroxidase. Enzyme Microb Technol 13:15-18
53. Hammel KE, Kalyanaraman B, Kirk TK (1986) Oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and dibenzo[p]-dioxins by Phanerochaete chrysosporium ligninase. J Biol Chem 261:16948-16952
54. Hammel KE, Jensen KA Jr, Mozuch MD, Landucci LL, Tien M, Pease EA (1993) Ligninolysis by a purified lignin peroxidase. J Biol Chem 268:12274-12281
55. Hanano A, Burcklen M, Flenet M, Ivancich A, Louwagie M, Garin J, Blee E (2006) Plant seed peroxygenase is an original hemeoxygenase with an EF-hand calcium binding motif. J Biol Chem 281:33140-33151
56. Hatakka A (2001) Biodegradation of lignin. In: Hofrichter M, Steinbüchel A (eds) Biopolymers: lignin, humic substances and coal, 1st edn. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 129-180
57. Hatakka A, Hammel KE (2010) Fungal biodegradation of lignocelluloses. In: Hofrichter M (ed.) The Mycota, X, Industrial applications, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York (in press)
58. Hatakka A, Lundell T, Hofrichter M, Maijala P (2003) Manganese peroxidase and its role in the degradation of wood lignin. In: Mansfield SD, Saddler JN (eds) Applications of enzymes to lignocellulosics, ACS Symposium Series 855. American Chemical Society, Washington DC, pp 230-243
59. Hildén K, Martinez AT, Hatakka A, Lundell T (2005) The two manganese peroxidases Pr-MnP2 and Pr-MnP3 of Phlebia radiata, a lignin-degrading basidiomycete, are phylogenetically and structurally divergent. Fungal Genet Biol 42:403-419
60. Hofrichter M (2002) Review: lignin conversion by manganese peroxidase (MnP). Enzyme Microb Technol 30:454-1166
61. Hofrichter M, Ullrich R (2006) Heme-thiolate haloperoxidases: versatile biocatalysts with biotechnological and environmental significance. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 71:276-288
62. Hofrichter M, Ullrich R (2010) New trends in fungal biooxidation. In: Hofrichter M (ed.) The Mycota, X, Industrial applications, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York (in press)
63. Hofrichter M, Ziegenhagen D, Vares T, Friedrich M, Jager MG, Fritsche W, Hatakka A (1998) Oxidative decomposition of malonic acid as basis for the action of manganese peroxidase in the absence of hydrogen peroxide. FEBS Lett 434:362-366
64. 14C- DHP) during solid-state fermentation of wheat straw with the white rot fungus Nematoloma frowardii. Appl Environ Microbiol 65:1864-1870
65. Hofrichter M, Lundell T, Hatakka A (2001) Conversion of milled pine wood by manganese peroxidase from Phlebia radiata. Appl Environ Microbiol 67:4588-4593
66. Hofrichter M, Ullrich R, Pecyna M, Kinne M, Kluge M, Aranda E, Liers C, Poraj-Kobielska M, Gröbe G, Scheibner K, Bittner B, Piontek K, Schubert R, Hammel K (2009) Aromatic peroxygenases from mushrooms: extracellular heme-thiolate proteins of a new enzyme sub-subclass? In: Shoun H, Ohkawa H (eds), 16th International Conference on Cytochrome P450 (Nago, Okinawa, Japan), Medimond (International Proceedings), Bologna, (Italy), pp. 83-88
67. Horn A (2009) The use of a novel peroxidase from the basidiomycete Agrocybe aegerita as an example of enatioselective sulfoxidation (Der Einsatz einer neuartigen Peroxidase des Basidiomyceten Agrocybe aegerita am Beispiel der enatioselektiven Sulfoxidation). Dissertation, University of Rostock
68. Houborg K, Harris P, Poulsen JC, Schneider P, Svendsen A, Larsen S (2003) The structure of a mutant enzyme of Coprinus cinereus peroxidase provides an understanding of its increased thermostability. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 59:997-1003
69. Huang Q, Huang Q, Pinto RA, Griebenow K, Schweitzer-Stenner R, Weber WJ Jr (2005) Inactivation of horseradish peroxidase by phenoxyl radical attack. J Am Chem Soc 127:1431-1437
70. Huang ST, Tzean SS, Tsai BY, Hsieh HJ (2009) Cloning and heterologous expression of a novel ligninolytic peroxidase gene from poroid brown-rot fungus Antrodia cinnamomea. Microbiology 155:424-433
71. Husain Q, Husain M, Kulshrestha Y (2009) Remediation and treatment of organopollutants mediated by peroxidases: a review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 29:94-119
72. Ikehata K, Buchanan ID (2002) Screening of Coprinus species for the production of extracellular peroxidase and evaluation of the enzyme for the treatment of aqueous phenol. Environ Technol 23:1355-1367 (Pubitemid 36104414)
73. Ishimaru A, Yamazaki I (1977) Hydroperoxide-dependent hydroxylation involving "H2O2-reducible hemoprotein" in microsomes of pea seeds. A new type enzyme acting on hydroperoxide and a physiological role of seed lipoxygenase. J Biol Chem 252:6118-6124
74. Johansson T, Nyman PO (1993) Isozymes of lignin peroxidase and manganese(II) peroxidase from the white-rot basidiomycete Trametes versicolor. I. Isolation of enzyme forms and characterization of physical and catalytic properties. Arch Biochem Biophys 300:49-56
75. Jongbloed JD, Grieger U, Antelmann H, Hecker M, Nijland R, Bron S, van Dijl JM (2004) Two minimal Tat translocases in Bacillus. Mol Microbiol 54:1319-1325
76. Joo H, Lin Z, Arnold FH (1999) Laboratory evolution of peroxidemediated cytochrome P450 hydroxylation. Nature 399:670-673
77. Joshi DK, Gold MH (1993) Degradation of 2, 4, 5-trichlorophenol by the lignin-degrading basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Appl Environ Microbiol 59:1779-1785
78. Juliána MC, Aceroa J, Salazara O, Keijerb J, Rubio V (1999) Mating type-correlated molecular markers and demonstration of hetero- karyosis in the phytopathogenic fungus Thanatephorus cucumeris (Rhizoctonia solani) AG 1-IC by AFLP DNA fingerprinting analysis. J Biotech 67:49-56
79. Jung D, Paradiso M, Wallacher D, Brandt A, Hartmann M (2009) Formation of cross-linked chloroperoxidase aggregates in the pores of mesocellular foams: characterization by SANS and catalytic properties. ChemSusChem 2:161-164
80. Kauffmann C, Petersen BR, Bjerrum MJ (1999) Enzymatic removal of phenols from aqueous solutions by Coprinus cinereus peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide. J Biotechnol 73:71-74
81. Kaup BA, Ehrich K, Pescheck M, Schrader J (2008) Microparticle- enhanced cultivation of filamentous microorganisms: increased chloroperoxidase formation by Caldariomyces fumago as an example. Biotechnol Bioeng 99:491-498
82. Kersten PJ, Kalyanaraman B, Hammel KE, Reinhammar B, Kirk TK (1990) Comparison of lignin peroxidase, horseradish peroxidase and laccase in the oxidation of methoxybenzenes. Biochem J 268:475-480
83. Kim SJ, Shoda M (1999a) Decolorization of molasses and a dye by a newly isolated strain of the fungus Geotrichum candidum Dec 1. Biotechnol Bioeng 62:114-119 (Pubitemid 28562002)
84. Kim SJ, Shoda M (1999b) Purification and characterization of a novel peroxidase from Geotrichum candidum Dec 1 involved in decolorization of dyes. Appl Environ Microbiol 65:1029-1035
85. Kim SJ, Ishikawa K, Hirai M, Shoda M (1995) Characteristics of a newly isolated fungus, Geotrichum candidum Dec 1, which decolorizes various dyes. J Ferment Bioeng 79:601-607
86. Kim YH, An ES, Park SY, Lee J-O, Kim JH, Song BK (2007) Polymerization of bisphenol a using Coprinus cinereus peroxidase (CiP) and its application as a photoresist resin. J Mol Cat B 44:149-154
87. Kim HS, Cho DH, Won K, Kim YH (2009) Inactivation of Coprinus cinereus peroxidase during the oxidation of various phenolic compounds originated from lignin. Enzyme Microb Technol 45:150-155
88. Kinne M, Ullrich R, Hammel KE, Hofrichter M (2008) Regioselective preparation of (R)-2-(4-Hydroxyphenoxy)propionic acid with a fungal peroxygenase. Tetrahedron Lett 49:5950-5953
89. Kinne M, Poraj-Kobielska M, Aranda E, Ullrich R, Hammel KE, Scheibner K, Hofrichter M (2009a) Regioselective preparation of 5-hydroxypropranolol and 4′-hydroxydiclofenac with a fungal peroxygenase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 19:3085-3087
90. Kinne M, Poraj-Kobielska M, Ralph SA, Ullrich R, Hofrichter M, Hammel KE (2009b) Oxidative cleavage of diverse ethers by an extracellular fungal peroxygenase. J Biol Chem 284:29343-29349
91. Kinne M, Zeisig C, Ullrich R, Kayser G, Hammel KE, Hofrichter M (2010) Stepwise oxygenations of toluene and 4-nitrotoluene by a fungal peroxygenase. Biochem Byophys Res Comm (accepted)
92. Kjalke M, Andersen MB, Schneider P, Christensen B, Schulein M, Welinder KG (1992) Comparison of structure and activities of peroxidases from Coprinus cinereus, Coprinus macrorhizus and Arthromyces ramosus. Biochim Biophys Acta 1120:248-256
93. Klebanoff SJ (2005) Myeloperoxidase: friend and foe. J Leukoc Biol 77:598-625
94. Klibanov AM (2003) Asymmetric enzymatic oxidoreductions in organic solvents. Curr Opin Biotechnol 14:427-431
95. Kluge MG, Ullrich R, Scheibner K, Hofrichter M (2007) Spectrophotometric assay for detection of aromatic hydroxylation catalyzed by fungal haloperoxidase-peroxygenase. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 75:1473-1478
96. 2 and intermediary epoxidation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 81:1071-1076
97. Kolkman MA, van der Ploeg R, Bertels M, van Dijk M, van der Laan J, van Dijl JM, Ferrari E (2008) The twin-arginine signal peptide of Bacillus subtilis YwbN can direct either Tat- or Sec-dependent secretion ofdifferent cargo proteins: secretion of active subtilisin via the B. subtilis Tat pathway. Appl Environ Microbiol 74:7507-7513
98. Koskiniemi H, Metsa-Ketela M, Dobritzsch D, Kallio P, Korhonen H, Mantsala P, Schneider G, Niemi J (2007) Crystal structures of two aromatic hydroxylases involved in the early tailoring steps of angucycline biosynthesis. J Mol Biol 372:633-648
99. Kuan IC, Tien M (1993) Stimulation of Mn peroxidase activity: a possible role for oxalate in lignin biodegradation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 90:1242-1246
100. Kühnel K, Blankenfeldt W, Terner J, Schlichting I (2006) Crystal structures of chloroperoxidase with its bound substrates and complexed with formate, acetate, and nitrate. J Biol Chem 281:23990-23998
101. Kunishima N, Fukuyama K, Matsubara H, Hatanaka H, Shibano Y, Amachi T (1994) Crystal structure of the fungal peroxidase from Arthromyces ramosus at 1.9 A resolution. Structural comparisons with the lignin and cytochrome c peroxidases. J Mol Biol 235:331-344
102. Lambeir AM, Dunford HB (1983) A kinetic and spectral study of the alkaline transitions of chloroperoxidase. Arch Biochem Biophys 220:549-556
103. Lankinen P, Hilden K, Aro N, Salkinoja-Salonen M, Hatakka A (2005) Manganese peroxidase of Agaricus bisporus: grain bran- promoted production and gene characterization. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 66:401-407
104. Larrondo L, Gonzalez A, Perez Acle T, Cullen D, Vicuna R (2005) The nop gene from Phanerochaete chrysosporium encodes a peroxidase with novel structural features. Biophys Chem 116:167-173
105. Leak DJ, Sheldon RA, Woodley JM, Adlercreutz P (2009) Biocatalysts for selective introduction of oxygen. Biocat Biotrans 27:1-26
106. Libby RD, Thomas JA, Kaiser LW, Hager LP (1982) Chloroperoxidase halogenation reactions. Chemical versus enzymic halogenating intermediates. J Biol Chem 257:5030-5037
107. Liers C, Ullrich R, Kinne M, Pecyna M, Kluge M, Aranda E, Scheibner K, Hofrichter M (2009) Oxidation of non-phenolic lignin model compounds by novel fungal peroxidases. Proceedings book of the INTB Conference on "Biotechnological Functionalisation of Advanced Fibre Reinforced Composites". University of Ghent, Ghent, pp. 238-243
108. Liers C, Bobeth C, Pecyna M, Ullrich R, Hofrichter M (2010) DyP-like peroxidases of the jelly fungus Auricularia auricula-judae oxidize nonphenolic lignin model compounds and high-redox potential dyes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 85:1869-1879
109. Littlechild J (1999) Haloperoxidases and their role in biotransformation reactions. Curr Opin Chem Biol 3:28-34
110. Liu JZ, Wang M (2007) Improvement of activity and stability of chloroperoxidase by chemical modification. BMC Biotechnol 7:23
111. Liu KK-C, Wong C-H (1992) Enzymatic halohydration of glycals. J Org Chem 57:3748-3750
112. Longoria A, Tinoco R, Vázquez-Duhalt R (2008) Chloroperoxidase- mediated transformation of highly halogenated monoaromatic compounds. Chemosphere 72:485-490
113. Longoria AM, Hu H, Vazquez-Duhalt R (2009) Enzymatic synthesis of semiconductor polymers by chloroperoxidase of Caldariomyces fumago. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. doi:10.1007/s12010-009-8805-7
114. Lundell T (1993) Ligninolytic system of the white-rot fungus Phlebia radiata: Lignin model compound studies. Ph.D. Thesis (dissertation), Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, University of Helsinki (Finland)
115. β cleavage in non-phenolic arylglycerol β-aryl ether lignin substructures catalyzed by lignin peroxidase. Holzforschung 47:219-224
116. Lundell T, Wever R, Floris R, Harvey P, Hatakka A, Brunow G, Schoemaker H (1993b) Lignin peroxidase L3 from Phlebia radiata. Pre-steady-state and steady-state studies with veratryl alcohol and a non-phenolic lignin model compound 1-(3, 4- dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propane-1, 3-diol. Eur J Biochem 211:391-402
117. Lundell TK, Mäkelä MR, Hildén K (2010) Lignin-modifying enzymes in filamentous basidiomycetes: ecological, functional and phylogenetic review. J Basic Microbiol 50:1-16
118. Makris TM, Denisov I, Schlichting I, Sligar SG (2005) Activation of molecular oxygen by cytochrome P450. In: Ortiz De Montellano PR (ed) Cytochrome P450 - structure, mechanism and biochemistry, 3rd edn. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, pp 149-182
119. Manoj KM (2006) Chlorinations catalyzed by chloroperoxidase occur via diffusible intermediate(s) and the reaction components play multiple roles in the overall process. Biochim Biophys Acta 1764:1325-1339
120. Manoj KM, Hager LP (2006) A colorimetric method for detection and quantification of chlorinating activity of hemeperoxidases. Anal Biochem 348:84-86
121. Manoj KM, Hager LP (2008) Chloroperoxidase, a janus enzyme. Biochemistry 47:2997-3003
122. Manoj KM, Lakner FJ, Hager LP (2000) Epoxidation of indene by chloroperoxidase. J Mol Catal B Enzym 9:107-111
123. Marjamaa K, Hildén K, Kukkola E, Lehtonen M, Holkeri H, Haapaniemi P, Koutaniemi S, Teeri TH, Fagerstedt K, Lundell T (2006) Cloning, characterization and localization ofthree novel class III peroxidases in lignifying xylem of Norway spruce (Picea abies). Plant Mol Biol 61:719-732
124. Martin F, Aerts A, Ahrén D, Brun A, Danchin EG, Duchaussoy F, Gibon J, Kohler A, Lindquist E, Pereda V, Salamov A, Shapiro HJ, Wuyts J, Blaudez D, Buée M, Brokstein P, Canbäck B, Cohen D, Courty PE, Coutinho PM, Delaruelle C, Detter JC, Deveau A, DiFazio S, Duplessis S, Fraissinet- Tachet L, Lucic E, Frey-Klett P, Fourrey C, Feussner I, Gay G, Grimwood J, Hoegger PJ, Jain P, Kilaru S, Labbé J, Lin YC, Legué V, Le Tacon F, Marmeisse R, Melayah D, Montanini B, Muratet M, Nehls U, Niculita-Hirzel H, Oudot- Le Secq MP, Peter M, Quesneville H, Rajashekar B, Reich M, Rouhier N, Schmutz J, Yin T, Chalot M, Henrissat B, Kues U, Lucas S, Van de Peer Y, Podila GK, Polle A, Pukkila PJ, Richardson PM, Rouzé P, Sanders IR, Stajich JE, Tunlid A, Tuskan G, Grigoriev IV (2008) The genome of Laccaria bicolor provides insights into mycorrhizal symbiosis. Nature 452:88-92
125. Martínez AT (2002) Molecular biology and structure-function of lignin-degrading heme peroxidases. Enzyme Microb Technol 30:425-444
126. Martínez AT (2007) High redox potential peroxidases. In Polaina J, MacCabe AP (eds) Industrial enzymes structure, function and applications, 1st edn. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 475-486
127. Martínez AT, Speranza M, Ruiz-Dueñas FJ, Ferreira P, Camarero S, Guillen F, Martínez MJ, Gutiérrez A, del Río JC (2005) Biodegradation of lignocellulosics microbial, chemical, and enzymatic aspects of the fungal attack of lignin. Int Microbiol 8 195-204
128. Martínez AT, Ruiz-Dueñas FJ, Martínez MJ, Del Rio JC, Gutierrez A (2009) Enzymatic delignification of plant cell wall from nature to mill. Curr Opin Biotechnol 20 348-357
129. Martinez D, Larrondo LF, Putnam N, Gelpke MD, Huang K, Chapman J, Helfenbein KG, Ramaiya P, Detter JC, Larimer F, Coutinho PM, Henrissat B, Berka R, Cullen D, Rokhsar D (2004) Genome sequence of the lignocellulose degrading fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium strain RP78. Nat Biotechnol 22 695-700
130. Martinez D, Challacombe J, Morgenstern I, Hibbett D, Schmoll M, Kubicek CP, Ferreira P, Ruiz-Duenas FJ, Martinez AT, Kersten P, Hammel KE, Vanden Wymelenberg A, Gaskell J, Lindquist E, Sabat G, Bondurant SS, Larrondo LF, Canessa P, Vicuna R, Yadav J, Doddapaneni H, Subramanian V, Pisabarro AG, Lavín JL, Oguiza JA, Master E, Henrissat B, Coutinho PM, Harris P, Magnuson JK, Baker SE, Bruno K, Kenealy W, Hoegger PJ, Kües U, Ramaiya P, Lucas S, Salamov A, Shapiro H, Tu H, Chee CL, Misra M, Xie G, Teter S, Yaver D, James T, Mokrejs M, Pospisek M, Grigoriev IV, Brettin T, Rokhsar D, Berka R, Cullen D (2009) Genome, transcriptome, and secretome analysis of wood decay fungus Postia placenta supports unique mechanisms of lignocellulose conversion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:1954-1959
131. Martínez MJ, Böckle B, Camarero S, Guillén F, Martínez AT (1996) MnP isoenzymes produced by two Pleurotus species in liquid culture and during wheat-straw solid-state fermentation ACS Symposium Series 655. American Chemical Society, Washington DC, pp 183-196
132. Mester T, Field JA (1998) Characterization of a novel manganese peroxidase-lignin peroxidase hybrid isozyme produced by Bjer- kandera species strain BOS55 in the absence of manganese. J Biol Chem 273:15412-15417
133. Michels J, Gottschalk G (1994) Inhibition of the lignin peroxidase of Phanerochaete chrysosporium by hydroxylamino-dinitrotoluene, an early intermediate in the degradation of 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene. Appl Environ Microbiol 60:187-194
134. Miki K, Renganathan V, Gold MH (1986) Mechanism of β-aryl ether dimeric lignin model compound oxidation by lignin peroxidase of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Biochemistry 25:4790-4796 (Pubitemid 16027198)
135. Miki K, Renganathan V, Mayfield MB, Gold MH (1987) Aromatic ring cleavage of a ß-biphenyl ether dimer catalyzed by lignin peroxidase of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. FEBS Lett 210:199-203
136. Miki Y, Tanaka H, Nakamura M, Wariishi Y (2006) Isolation and characterization of a novel lignin peroxidase from the white-rot basidiomycete Trametes cervina. J Fac Agr Kyushy Univ 51:99-104
137. Miki Y, Morales M, Ruiz-Dueñas FJ, Martínez MJ, Wariishi H, Martínez AT (2009) Escherichia coli expression and in vitro activation of a unique ligninolytic peroxidase that has a catalytic tyrosine residue. Protein Expr Purif 68:208-214
138. Moilanen A-M, Lundell T, Vares T, Hatakka A (1996) Manganese and malonate are individual regulators for the production of lignin and manganese peroxidase isozymes and in the degradation of lignin by Phlebia radiata. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 45:792-799
139. Moreira PR, Duez C, Dehareng D, Antunes A, Almeida-Vara E, Frère JM, Malcata FX, Duarte JC (2005) Molecular characterisation of a versatile peroxidase from a Bjerkandera strain. J Biotechnol 118:339-352
140. Morgan JA, Lu Z, Clark DS (2002) Toward the development of a biocatalytic system for oxidation of p-xylene to terephthalic acid: oxidation of 1, 4-benzenedimethanol. J Mol Catal B: Enz 18:147-154
141. Morgenstern I, Klopman S, Hibbett DS (2008) Molecular evolution and diversity of lignin degrading heme peroxidases in the Agaricomycetes. J Mol Evol 66:243-257
142. Morris DR, Hager LP (1966) Chloroperoxidase. I. Isolation and properties of the crystalline glycoprotein. J Biol Chem 241:1763-1768
143. Neidleman SL, Diassi PA, Junta B, Palmere RM, Pan SC (1966) The enzymatic halogenation of steroids. Tetrahedron Lett 44:5337-5342
144. Newcomb M, Aebisher D, Shen R, Chandrasena RE, Hollenberg PF, Coon MJ (2003) Kinetic isotope effects implicate two electrophilic oxidants in cytochrome p450-catalyzed hydroxylations. J Am Chem Soc 125:6064-6065
145. Nonaka D, Wariishi H, Welinder KG, Fujii H (2010) Paramagnetic 13C and 15N NMR analyses of the push and pull effects in cytochrome c peroxidase and Coprinus cinereus peroxidase variants: functional roles of highly conserved amino acids around heme. Biochemistry 49:49-57
146. Nuell MJ, Fang GH, Axley MJ, Kenigsberg P, Hager LP (1988) Isolation and nucleotide sequence of the chloroperoxidase gene from Caldariomyces fumago. J Bacteriol 170:1007-1011
147. Ogola HJ, Kamiike T, Hashimoto N, Ashida H, Ishikawa T, Shibata H, Sawa Y (2009) Molecular characterization of a novel peroxidase from the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120. Appl Environ Microbiol 75:7509-7518
148. Oliva M, Theiler G, Zamocky M, Koua D, Margis-Pinheiro M, Passardi F, Dunand C (2009) PeroxiBase: a powerful tool to collect and analyse peroxidase sequences from Viridiplantae. J Exp Bot 60:453-459
149. Omura T (2005) Heme-thiolate proteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 338:404-409
150. Omura T (2010) Structural diversity of cytochrome P450 enzyme systems. J Biotechnol 147:297-306
151. De Ortiz Montellano P (2005) Cytochrome P450 - structure, mechanism and biochemistry, 3rd edn. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York
152. Ortiz de Montellano PR, de Voss JJ (2005) Substrate oxidation by cytochrome P450 enzymes. In: Ortiz De Montellano PR (ed) Cytochrome P450 - structure, mechanism and biochemistry, 3rd edn. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, pp 183-245
153. Ortiz-Bermudez P, Srebotnik E, Hammel KE (2003) Chlorination and cleavage of lignin structures by fungal chloroperoxidases. Appl Environ Microbiol 69:5015-5018
154. Ortiz-Bermudez P, Hirth KC, Srebotnik E, Hammel KE (2007) Chlorination of lignin by ubiquitous fungi has a likely role in global organochlorine production. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:3895-3900
155. Osborne RL, Coggins MK, Terner J, Dawson JH (2007) Caldariomyces fumago chloroperoxidase catalyzes the oxidative dehalogenation of chlorophenols by a mechanism involving two one-electron steps. J Am Chem Soc 129:14838-114389
156. Otey CR, Landwehr M, Endelman JB, Hiraga K, Bloom JD, Arnold FH (2006) Structure-guided recombination creates an artificial family of cytochromes P450. PLoS Biol 4:e112
157. Park JB, Clark DS (2006) Deactivation mechanisms of chloroperoxidase
158. Partridge M, Murphy DJ (2009) Roles of a membrane-bound caleosin and putative peroxygenase in biotic and abiotic stress responses in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol Biochem 47:796-806
159. Passardi F, Bakalovic N, Teixeira FK, Margis-Pinheiro M, Penel C, Dunand C (2007a) Prokaryotic origins of the non-animal peroxidase superfamily and organelle-mediated transmission to eukaryotes. Genomics 89:567-579
160. Passardi F, Theiler G, Zamocky M, Cosio C, Rouhier N, Teixera F, Margis-Pinheiro M, Ioannidis V, Penel C, Falquet L, Dunand C (2007b) PeroxiBase: the peroxidase database. Phytochemistry 68:1605-1611
161. Pecyna MJ, Schnorr KM, Ullrich R, Scheibner K, Kluge M, Hofrichter M (2008) Fungal peroxygenases and methods of application. patent, WO 2008/119780 A2
162. Pecyna MJ, Ullrich R, Bittner B, Clemens A, Scheibner K, Schubert R, Hofrichter M (2009) Molecular characterization of aromatic peroxygenase from Agrocybe aegerita. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 84:885-897
163. Peng L, Wollenberger U, Hofrichter M, Ullrich R, Scheibner K, Scheller FW (2009) Bioelectrocatalytic properties of Agrocybe aegerita peroxygenase. Electrochimica Acta. doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2009.12.065
164. Perez DI, Grau MM, Arends IW, Hollmann F (2009) Visible light-driven and chloroperoxidase-catalyzed oxygenation reactions. Chem Commun (Camb):6848-6850
165. Pérez-Boada M, Ruiz-Dueñas FJ, Pogni R, Basosi R, Choinowski T, Martinez MJ, Piontek K, Martinez AT (2005) Versatile peroxidase oxidation of high redox potential aromatic compounds: site- directed mutagenesis, spectroscopic and crystallographic investigation of three long-range electron transfer pathways. J Mol Biol 354:385-402
166. Petersen JF, Kadziola A, Larsen S (1994) Three-dimensional structure of a recombinant peroxidase from Coprinus cinereus at 2.6 A resolution. FEBS Lett 339:291-296
167. Petrides PE, Nauseef WM (2000) The peroxidase multigene family of enzymes: Biochemical basis and clinical applications 1st edn. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg
168. Piontek K, Glumoff T, Winterhalter K (1993) Low pH crystal structure of glycosylated lignin peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium at 2.5 A resolution. FEBS Lett 315:119-124
169. Piontek K, Smith AT, Blodig W (2001) Lignin peroxidase structure and function. Biochem Soc Trans 29:111-116
170. Piontek K, Ullrich R, Liers C, Diederichs K, Plattner D, Hofrichter M (2010) Crystallization of a 45 kDa peroxygenase/peroxidase from the mushroom Agrocybe aegerita and structure determination by SAD utilizing only the haem iron. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 66: doi:10.1107/ S1744309110013515
171. Poulos TL (1993) Peroxidases. Curr Opin Biotechnol 4:484-489
172. Poulos TL, Freer ST, Alden RA, Xuong NH, Edwards SL, Hamlin RC, Kraut J (1978) Crystallographic determination of the heme orientation and location of the cyanide binding site in yeast cytochrome c peroxidase. J Biol Chem 253:3730-3735
173. Poulos TL, Edwards SL, Wariishi H, Gold MH (1993) Crystallographic refinement of lignin peroxidase at 2 A. J Biol Chem 268:4429-4440
174. Prieto MA, Perez-Aranda A, Garcia JL (1993) Characterization of an Escherichia coli aromatic hydroxylase with a broad substrate range. J Bacteriol 175:2162-2167
175. Pühse M, Szweda RT, Ma Y, Jeworrek C, Winter R, Zorn H (2009) Marasmius scorodonius extracellular dimeric peroxidase - exploring its temperature and pressure stability. Biochim Biophys Acta 1794:1091-1098
176. Que L Jr, Tolman WB (2008) Biologically inspired oxidation catalysis. Nature 455:333-340
177. Ramakrishnan K, Oppenhuizen ME, Saunders S, Fisher J (1983) Stereoselectivity of chloroperoxidase-dependent halogenation. Biochemistry 22:3271-3277
178. Reynolds DR, Faull JL (2001) Proposals to conserve the name Caldariomyces against Leptoxyphium and the name C. fumago with a conserved type (Ascomycota, mitosporic Euascomycetes). Taxon 50:1183-1184
179. Robertson DE, Richardson T, Kustedjo K, Amitai G, Lejeune K, Berberich J, Chaplin JA, Sinclair J (2008) Enzymes and formulations for broad-specificity decontamination of chemical and biological warfare agents. patent, WO/2008/036061
180. Ruiz-Dueñas FJ, Martínez MJ, Martínez AT (1999) Molecular characterization of a novel peroxidase isolated from the lignino- lytic fungus Pleurotus eryngii. Mol Microbiol 31:223-235
181. Ruiz-Dueñas FJ, Morales M, Mate MJ, Romero A, Martínez MJ, Smith AT, Martínez AT (2008) Site-directed mutagenesis of the catalytic tryptophan environment in Pleurotus eryngii versatile peroxidase. Biochemistry 47:1685-1695
182. Ruiz-Dueñas FJ, Morales M, Garcia E, Miki Y, Martínez MJ, Martínez AT (2009) Substrate oxidation sites in versatile peroxidase and other basidiomycete peroxidases. J Exp Bot 60:441-1152
183. Sakurai T, Kataoka K (2007) Basic and applied features of multi-copper oxidases, CueO, bilirubin oxidase, and laccase. Chem Rec 7:220-229
184. Sanfilippo C, Nicolosi G (2002) Catalytic behaviour of chloroperox- idase from Caldariomyces fumago in the oxidation of cyclic conjugated dienes. Tetrahedron Asymmetr 13:1889-1892
185. Sanfilippo C, D'Antona N, Nicolosi G (2004) Chloroperoxidase from Caldariomyces fumago is active in the presence of an ionic liquid as co-solvent. Biotechnol Lett 26:1815-1819
186. Sasaki S, Nonaka D, Wariishi H, Tsutsumi Y, Kondo R (2008) Role of Tyr residues on the protein surface of cationic cell-wall- peroxidase (CWPO-C) from poplar: potential oxidation sites for oxidative polymerization of lignin. Phytochemistry 69:348-355
187. Sato T, Hara S, Matsui T, Sazaki G, Saijo S, Ganbe T, Tanaka N, Sugano Y, Shoda M (2004) A unique dye-decolorizing peroxidase, DyP, from Thanatephorus cucumeris Dec 1: heterologous expression, crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 60:149-152
188. Savitsky PA, Gazaryan IG, Tishkov VI, Lagrimini LM, Ruzgas T, Gorton L (1999) Oxidation of indole-3-acetic acid by dioxygen catalysed by plant peroxidases: specificity for the enzyme structure. Biochem J 340(Pt3):579-583
189. Scheibner M, Hulsdau B, Zelena K, Nimtz M, de Boer L, Berger RG, Zorn H (2008) Novel peroxidases of Marasmius scorodonius degrade beta-carotene. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 77:1241-1250
190. Schmid RD, Urlacher V (2007) Modern biooxidation enzymes, reactions and applications, 1st edn. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim
191. Schoemaker HE, Lundell T, Hatakka A, Piontek K (1994) The oxidation of veratryl alcohol, dimeric lignin models and lignin by lignin peroxidase: the redox cycle revisioned. FEMS Microbiol Rev 13:321-332 (Pubitemid 124001068)
192. Schomburg D, Schomburg I (2006) Class 1 oxidoreductases X. Springer handbook of enzymes, 2nd edn., vol.25. SpringerVerlag, Berlin, Heidelberg
193. Seelbach K, van Deurzen MP, van Rantwijk F, Sheldon RA, Kragl U (1997) Improvement of the total turnover number and space-time yield for chloroperoxidase catalyzed oxidation. Biotechnol Bioeng 55:283-288
194. Shaw PD, Hager LP (1959) Biological chlorination. III. beta-Ketoadipate chlorinase: a soluble enzyme system. J Biol Chem 234:2565-2569
195. Shimokawa T, Shoda M, Sugano Y (2009) Purification and characterization of two DyP isozymes from Thanatephorus cucumeris Dec 1 specifically expressed in an air-membrane surface bioreactor. J Biosci Bioeng 107:113-115
196. Singer R (1949) The Agaricales in modern taxonomy. Lilloa 22:1-832, published in 1951
197. Smith AT, Doyle WA (2006) Engineered peroxidases with veratryl alcohol oxidase activity. patent, WO/2006/114616
198. Smith AT, Doyle WA, Dorlet P, Ivancich A (2009) Spectroscopic evidence for an engineered, catalytically active Trp radical that creates the unique reactivity of lignin peroxidase. Proc Natl Acad Sci US A 106:16084-16089
199. Sturm A, Schierhorn A, Lindenstrauss U, Lilie H, Brüser T (2006) YcdB from Escherichia coli reveals a novel class of Tatdependently translocated hemoproteins. J Biol Chem 281: 13972-13978
200. Sugano Y (2009) DyP-type peroxidases comprise a novel heme peroxidase family. Cell Mol Life Sci 66:1387-1403
201. Sugano Y, Sasaki K, Shoda M (1999) cDNA cloning and genetic analysis of a novel decolorizing enzyme, peroxidase gene dyp from Geotrichum candidum Dec 1. J Biosci Bioeng 87:411-417
202. Sugano Y, Nakano R, Sasaki K, Shoda M (2000) Efficient heterologous expression in Aspergillus oryzae of a unique dye- decolorizing peroxidase, DyP, of Geotrichum candidum Dec 1. Appl Environ Microbiol 66:1754-1758
203. Sugano Y, Muramatsu R, Ichiyanagi A, Sato T, Shoda M (2007) DyP, a unique dye-decolorizing peroxidase, represents a novel heme peroxidase family: ASP171 replaces the distal histidine of classical peroxidases. J Biol Chem 282:36652-36658
204. Sugano Y, Matsushima Y, Tsuchiya K, Aoki H, Hirai M, Shoda M (2009) Degradation pathway of an anthraquinone dye catalyzed by a unique peroxidase DyP from Thanatephorus cucumeris Dec 1. Biodegradation 20:433-440
205. Sugiura T, Yamagishi K, Kimura T, Nishida T, Kawagishi H, Hirai H (2009) Cloning and homologous expression of novel lignin peroxidase genes in the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete sordida YK-624. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 73:1793-1798
206. Sundaramoorthy M, Kishi K, Gold MH, Poulos TL (1994) The crystal structure of manganese peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium at 2.06-A resolution. J Biol Chem 269:32759-32767
207. Sundaramoorthy M, Terner J, Poulos TL (1995) The crystal structure of chloroperoxidase: a heme peroxidase-cytochrome P450 functional hybrid. Structure 3:1367-1377
208. Sundaramoorthy M, Youngs HL, Gold MH, Poulos TL (2005) Highresolution crystal structure of manganese peroxidase: substrate and inhibitor complexes. Biochemistry 44:6463-6470
209. Suske WA, Held M, Schmid A, Fleischmann T, Wubbolts MG, Kohler HP (1997) Purification and characterization of 2-hydroxybiphenyl 3-monooxygenase, a novel NADH-dependent, FAD-containing aromatic hydroxylase from Pseudomonas azelaica HBP1. J Biol Chem 272:24257-24265
210. Syoda M, Sugano Y, Kubota H (2006) Enzyme having decolorizing activity and method for decolorizing dyes by using the same. patent, 7041486 B1
211. Tassaneeyakul W, Veronese ME, Birkett DJ, Gonzalez FJ, Miners JO (1993) Validation of 4-nitrophenol as an in vitro substrate probe for human liver CYP2E1 using cDNA expression and micro- somal kinetic techniques. Biochem Pharmacol 46:1975-1981
212. ten Have R, Hartmans S, Teunissen PJ, Field JA (1998) Purification and characterization of two lignin peroxidase isozymes produced by Bjerkandera sp. strain BOS55. FEBS Lett 422:391-394
213. Tien M, Kirk TK (1988) Lignin peroxidase of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Meth Enzymol 161:238-249
214. Tien M, Kirk TK, Bull C, Fee JA (1986) Steady-state and transientstate kinetic studies on the oxidation of 3, 4-dimethoxybenzyl alcohol catalyzed by the ligninase of Phanerocheate chrysosporium Burds. J Biol Chem 261:1687-1693
215. Torres Pazmino DE, Dudek HM, Fraaije MW (2009) Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases: recent advances and future challenges. Curr Opin Chem Biol 14:1-7
216. Tuisel H, Sinclair R, Bumpus JA, Ashbaugh W, Brock BJ, Aust SD (1990) Lignin peroxidase H2 from Phanerochaete chrysosporium: purification, characterization and stability to temperature and pH. Arch Biochem Biophys 279:158-166
217. Ullrich R, Hofrichter M (2005) The haloperoxidase of the agaric fungus Agrocybe aegerita hydroxylates toluene and naphthalene. FEBS Lett 579:6247-6250
218. Ullrich R, Hofrichter M (2007) Enzymatic hydroxylation of aromatic compounds. Cell Mol Life Sci 64:271-293 (Pubitemid 46440205)
219. Ullrich R, Nüske J, Scheibner K, Spantzel J, Hofrichter M (2004) Novel haloperoxidase from the agaric basidiomycete Agrocybe aegerita oxidizes aryl alcohols and aldehydes. Appl Environ Microbiol 70:4575-4581
220. Ullrich R, Dolge C, Kluge M, Hofrichter M (2008) Pyridine as novel substrate for regioselective oxygenation with aromatic peroxygenase from Agrocybe aegerita. FEBS Lett 582:4100-4106
221. Ullrich R, Liers C, Schimpke S, Hofrichter M (2009) Purification of homogeneous forms of fungal peroxygenase. Biotechnol J 4:1619-1626
222. Urzúa U, Kersten PJ, Vicuña R (1998) Manganese peroxidase- dependent oxidation of glyoxylic and oxalic acids synthesized by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora produces extracellular hydrogen peroxide. Appl Environ Microbiol 64:68-73
223. van Bloois E, Torres Pazmiño DE, Winter RT, Fraaije MW (2009) A robust and extracellular heme-containing peroxidase from Thermobifida fusca as prototype of a bacterial peroxidase superfamily. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. doi:10.1007/s00253-009-2369-x
224. van de Velde F, Bakker M, van Rantwijk F, Sheldon RA (2001) Chloroperoxidase-catalyzed enantioselective oxidations in hydro-phobic organic media. Biotechnol Bioeng 72:523-529
225. van der Veen BS, de Winther MP, Heeringa P (2009) Myeloperoxidase: molecular mechanisms of action and their relevance to human health and disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 11:2899-2937
226. van Peé KH (2001) Microbial biosynthesis of halometabolites. Arch Microbiol 175:250-258
227. van Peé KH, Zehner S (2003) Enzymology and molecular genetics of biological halogenation. In: Gribble GW (ed) Natural production of organohalogen compounds, 1st edn. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 171 -199
228. van Rantwijk F, Sheldon RA (2000) Selective oxygen transfer catalysed by heme peroxidases: synthetic and mechanistic aspects. Curr Opin Biotechnol 11:554-564
229. Vares T, Niemenmaa O, Hatakka A (1994) Secretion of ligninolytic enzymes and mineralization of 14C-ring-labelled synthetic lignin by three Phlebia tremellosa strains. Appl Environ Microbiol 60:569-575
230. Vázquez-Duhalt R, del Pilar Bremauntz M, Barzana E, Tinoco R (2002) Enzymatic oxidation process for desulfurization of fossil fuels. patent, 6461859 B1
231. Wagner C, Molitor IM, Konig GM (2008) Critical view on the monochlorodimedone assay utilized to detect haloperoxidase activity. Phytochemistry 69:323-332
232. Wang W, Xu Y, Wang DI, Li Z (2009) Recyclable nanobiocatalyst for enantioselective sulfoxidation: facile fabrication and high performance of chloroperoxidase-coated magnetic nanoparticles with iron oxide core and polymer shell. J Am Chem Soc 131:12892-12893
233. Wariishi H, Gold MH (1990) Lignin peroxidase compound III. Mechanism of formation and decomposition. J Biol Chem 265:2070-2077
234. Wariishi H, Valli K, Gold MH (1991) In vitro depolymerization of lignin by manganese peroxidase of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 176:269-275
235. Wariishi H, Valli K, Gold MH (1992) Manganese(II) oxidation by manganese peroxidase from the basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Kinetic mechanism and role of chelators. J Biol Chem 267:23688-23695
236. Wariishi H, Sheng D, Gold MH (1994) Oxidation of ferrocytochrome c by lignin peroxidase. Biochemistry 33:5545-5552
237. Welinder K (1992) Plant peroxidases: structure-function relationships. In: Penel C, Gaspar T, Greppin H (eds) Plant peroxidases, topics and detailed literature on molecular, biochemical and physiological aspects. Université de Genève, Genève, pp 1-24
238. Wesenberg D, Kyriakides I, Agathos SN (2003) White-rot fungi and their enzymes for the treatment of industrial dye effluents. Biotechnol Adv 22:161-187
239. Wilson AW, Desjardin DE (2005) Phylogenetic relationships in the gymnopoid and marasmioid fungi (Basidiomycetes, euagarics clade). Mycologia 97:667-679
240. Xu F (2005) Applications of oxidoreductases: recent progress. Ind Biotechnol 1:38-50
241. Young L, Yu J (1997) Ligninase-catalysed decolorization of synthetic dyes. Water Res 31:1187-1193
242. Zamocky M, Jakopitsch C, Furtmuller PG, Dunand C, Obinger C (2008) The peroxidase-cyclooxygenase superfamily: Reconstructed evolution of critical enzymes of the innate immune system. Proteins 72:589-605
243. Zamocky M, Furtmuller PG, Obinger C (2009) Two distinct groups of fungal catalase/peroxidases. Biochem Soc Trans 37:772-777
244. Zelena K, Hardebusch B, Hulsdau B, Berger RG, Zorn H (2009a) Generation of norisoprenoid flavors from carotenoids by fungal peroxidases. J Agric Food Chem 57:9951-9955
245. Zelena K, Zorn H, Nimtz M, Berger RG (2009b) Heterologous expression of the msp2 gene from Marasmius scorodonius. Arch Microbiol 191:397-402
246. Zhang LH, Bai CH, Wang YS, Jiang YC, Hu MC, Li SN, Zhai QG (2009) Improvement of chloroperoxidase stability by covalent immobilization on chitosan membranes. Biotechnol Lett 31:1269-1272
247. Zorn H, Scheibner M, Hülsdau B, Berger RG, de Boer L, Meima RB (2005) Novel enzymes for use in enzymatic bleaching of food products. patent, EP 64132 20060712
248. Zorn H, Szweda RT, Wilms J, Kumar M (2008) Method for modifying non-starch carbohydrate material. patent, 26485/EP/P0
249. Zubieta C, Joseph R, Krishna SS, McMullan D, Kapoor M, Axelrod HL, Miller MD, Abdubek P, Acosta C, Astakhova T, Carlton D, Chiu HJ, Clayton T, Deller MC, Duan L, Elias Y, Elsliger MA, Feuerhelm J, Grzechnik SK, Hale J, Han GW, Jaroszewski L, Jin KK, Klock HE, Knuth MW, Kozbial P, Kumar A, Marciano D, Morse AT, Murphy KD, Nigoghossian E, Okach L, Oommachen S, Reyes R, Rife CL, Schimmel P, Trout CV, van den Bedem H, Weekes D, White A, Xu Q, Hodgson KO, Wooley J, Deacon AM, Godzik A, Lesley SA, Wilson IA (2007a) Identification and structural characterization of heme binding in a novel dye- decolorizing peroxidase, TyrA. Proteins 69:234-243
250. Zubieta C, Krishna SS, Kapoor M, Kozbial P, McMullan D, Axelrod HL, Miller MD, Abdubek P, Ambing E, Astakhova T, Carlton D, Chiu HJ, Clayton T, Deller MC, Duan L, Elsliger MA, Feuerhelm J, Grzechnik SK, Hale J, Hampton E, Han GW, Jaroszewski L, Jin KK, Klock HE, Knuth MW, Kumar A, Marciano D, Morse AT, Nigoghossian E, Okach L, Oommachen S, Reyes R, Rife CL, Schimmel P, van den Bedem H, Weekes D, White A, Xu Q, Hodgson KO, Wooley J, Deacon AM, Godzik A, Lesley SA, Wilson IA (2007b) Crystal structures of two novel dye-decolorizing peroxidases reveal a beta-barrel fold with a conserved heme-binding motif. Proteins 69:223-233