메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 49, Issue 22, 2010, Pages 4583-4600

Pharmacological characterization of 30 human melanocortin-4 receptor polymorphisms with the endogenous proopiomelanocortin-derived agonists, synthetic agonists, and the endogenous agouti-related protein antagonist

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGONIST ACTIVITY; AGOUTI-RELATED PROTEINS; CELL SURFACE EXPRESSION; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS; COMPUTATIONAL DEVELOPMENT; ENERGY HOMEOSTASIS; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; G-PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTORS; GENETIC FACTORS; HUMAN OBESITY; HUMAN PATIENTS; IN-VITRO; KNOCKOUT MICE; MOLECULAR LINKS; PHARMACOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; SYNTHETIC LIGANDS; TETRAPEPTIDE; TYPE-2 DIABETES;

EID: 77953111939     PISSN: 00062960     EISSN: 15204995     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/bi100068u     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (45)

References (83)
  • 1
    • 36949078628 scopus 로고
    • Effect of alpha-and beta-melanocyte stimulating hormones on the skin colour of man
    • Lerner, A. B. and McGuire, J. S. (1961) Effect of Alpha-and Beta-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormones on the Skin Colour of Man Nature 189, 176-179
    • (1961) Nature , vol.189 , pp. 176-179
    • Lerner, A.B.1    McGuire, J.S.2
  • 2
    • 0014675607 scopus 로고
    • Induction of sexual excitement by the action of adrenocorticotrophic hormone in brain
    • Bertolini, A., Vergoni, W., Gessa, G. L., and Ferrari, W. (1969) Induction of Sexual Excitement by the Action of Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone in Brain Nature 221, 667-669
    • (1969) Nature , vol.221 , pp. 667-669
    • Bertolini, A.1    Vergoni, W.2    Gessa, G.L.3    Ferrari, W.4
  • 3
    • 0032323804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthetic melanotropic peptide initiates erections in men with psychogenic erectile dysfunction: Double-blind, placebo controlled crossover study
    • Wessells, H., Fuciarelli, K., Hansen, J., Hadley, M. E., Hruby, V. J., Dorr, R., and Levine, N. (1998) Synthetic Melanotropic Peptide Initiates Erections in Men with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction: Double-blind, Placebo Controlled Crossover Study J. Urol. 160, 389-393
    • (1998) J. Urol. , vol.160 , pp. 389-393
    • Wessells, H.1    Fuciarelli, K.2    Hansen, J.3    Hadley, M.E.4    Hruby, V.J.5    Dorr, R.6    Levine, N.7
  • 4
    • 0016146483 scopus 로고
    • ACTH and Alpha-MSH: Cardiovascular and antiarrhythmic properties
    • Lindner, E. and Scholkens, B. (1974) ACTH and Alpha-MSH: Cardiovascular and Antiarrhythmic Properties Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 208, 19-23
    • (1974) Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. , vol.208 , pp. 19-23
    • Lindner, E.1    Scholkens, B.2
  • 6
    • 0030614331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of melanocortlnergic neurons in feeding and the agouti obesity syndrome
    • DOI 10.1038/385165a0
    • Fan, W., Boston, B. A., Kesterson, R. A., Hruby, V. J., and Cone, R. D. (1997) Role of Melanocortinergic Neurons in Feeding and the Agouti Obesity Syndrome Nature 385, 165-168 (Pubitemid 27034218)
    • (1997) Nature , vol.385 , Issue.6612 , pp. 165-168
    • Fan, W.1    Boston, B.A.2    Kesterson, R.A.3    Hruby, V.J.4    Cone, R.D.5
  • 8
    • 0026731363 scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning and expression of the human melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor cDNA
    • Chhajlani, V. and Wikberg, J. E. S. (1992) Molecular Cloning and Expression of the Human Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone Receptor cDNA FEBS Lett. 309, 417-420
    • (1992) FEBS Lett. , vol.309 , pp. 417-420
    • Chhajlani, V.1    Wikberg, J.E.S.2
  • 9
    • 0026800892 scopus 로고
    • The cloning of a family of genes that encode the melanocortin receptors
    • Mountjoy, K. G., Robbins, L. S., Mortrud, M. T., and Cone, R. D. (1992) The Cloning of a Family of Genes that Encode the Melanocortin Receptors Science 257, 1248-1251
    • (1992) Science , vol.257 , pp. 1248-1251
    • Mountjoy, K.G.1    Robbins, L.S.2    Mortrud, M.T.3    Cone, R.D.4
  • 11
    • 0028134706 scopus 로고
    • Localization of the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) in neuroendocrine and autonomic control circuits in the brain
    • Mountjoy, K. G., Mortrud, M. T., Low, M. J., Simerly, R. B., and Cone, R. D. (1994) Localization of the Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4-R) in Neuroendocrine and Autonomic Control Circuits in the Brain Mol. Endocrinol. 8, 1298-1308
    • (1994) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.8 , pp. 1298-1308
    • Mountjoy, K.G.1    Mortrud, M.T.2    Low, M.J.3    Simerly, R.B.4    Cone, R.D.5
  • 15
    • 0019268826 scopus 로고
    • Structure and biosynthesis of pro-ACTH/endorphin and related peptides
    • Eipper, B. A. and Mains, R. E. (1980) Structure and Biosynthesis of Pro-ACTH/Endorphin and Related Peptides Endocrin. Rev. 1, 1-26
    • (1980) Endocrin. Rev. , vol.1 , pp. 1-26
    • Eipper, B.A.1    Mains, R.E.2
  • 16
    • 0023959725 scopus 로고
    • Proopiomelanocortin processing in the pituitary, central nervous system and peripheral tissues
    • Smith, A. I. and Funder, J. W. (1988) Proopiomelanocortin Processing in the Pituitary, Central Nervous System and Peripheral Tissues Endocrin. Rev. 9, 159-179
    • (1988) Endocrin. Rev. , vol.9 , pp. 159-179
    • Smith, A.I.1    Funder, J.W.2
  • 17
    • 0036125112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pro-opiomelanocortin processing in the hypothalamus: Impact on melanocortin signalling and obesity
    • Pritchard, L. E., Turnbull, A. V., and White, A. (2002) Pro-opiomelanocortin Processing in the Hypothalamus: Impact on Melanocortin Signalling and Obesity J. Endocrinol. 172, 411-421
    • (2002) J. Endocrinol. , vol.172 , pp. 411-421
    • Pritchard, L.E.1    Turnbull, A.V.2    White, A.3
  • 18
    • 0027049534 scopus 로고
    • Molecular characterization of the mouse agouti locus
    • Bultman, S. J., Michaud, E. J., and Woychick, R. P. (1992) Molecular Characterization of the Mouse Agouti Locus Cell 71, 1195-1204
    • (1992) Cell , vol.71 , pp. 1195-1204
    • Bultman, S.J.1    Michaud, E.J.2    Woychick, R.P.3
  • 19
    • 0027256438 scopus 로고
    • Cloning of the mouse agouti gene predicts a secreted protein ubiquitously expressed in mice carrying the lethal yellow mutation
    • Miller, M. W., Duhl, D. M., Vrieling, H., Cordes, S. P., Ollmann, M. M., Winkes, B. M., and Barsh, G. S. (1993) Cloning Of The Mouse Agouti Gene Predicts A Secreted Protein Ubiquitously Expressed In Mice Carrying The Lethal Yellow Mutation Genes Dev. 7, 454-67
    • (1993) Genes Dev. , vol.7 , pp. 454-67
    • Miller, M.W.1    Duhl, D.M.2    Vrieling, H.3    Cordes, S.P.4    Ollmann, M.M.5    Winkes, B.M.6    Barsh, G.S.7
  • 20
    • 0030764741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antagonism of central melanocortin receptors in vitro and in vivo by agouti-related protein
    • Ollmann, M. M., Wilson, B. D., Yang, Y.-K., Kerns, J. A., Chen, Y., Gantz, I., and Barsh, G. S. (1997) Antagonism of Central Melanocortin Receptors in Vitro and in Vivo by Agouti-Related Protein Science 278, 135-138
    • (1997) Science , vol.278 , pp. 135-138
    • Ollmann, M.M.1    Wilson, B.D.2    Yang, Y.-K.3    Kerns, J.A.4    Chen, Y.5    Gantz, I.6    Barsh, G.S.7
  • 21
    • 0032443807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neuropeptide Y/agouti gene-related protein (AGRP) brain circuitry in normal, anorectic, and monosodium glutamate-treated mice
    • Broberger, C., Johansen, J., Johansson, C., Schalling, M., and Hokfelt, T. (1998) The Neuropeptide Y/Agouti Gene-Related Protein (AGRP) Brain Circuitry In Normal, Anorectic, And Monosodium Glutamate-Treated Mice Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95, 15043-15048
    • (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.95 , pp. 15043-15048
    • Broberger, C.1    Johansen, J.2    Johansson, C.3    Schalling, M.4    Hokfelt, T.5
  • 22
    • 0032942045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the neuroanatomical distribution of agouti related protein (AGRP) immunoreactivity in the rhesus monkey and the rat
    • Haskell-Luevano, C., Chen, P., Li, C., Chang, K., Smith, M. S., Cameron, J. L., and Cone, R. D. (1999) Characterization of the Neuroanatomical Distribution of Agouti Related Protein (AGRP) Immunoreactivity in the Rhesus Monkey and the Rat Endocrinology 140, 1408-1415
    • (1999) Endocrinology , vol.140 , pp. 1408-1415
    • Haskell-Luevano, C.1    Chen, P.2    Li, C.3    Chang, K.4    Smith, M.S.5    Cameron, J.L.6    Cone, R.D.7
  • 23
    • 0035927436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of melanocortin NDP-MSH agonist peptide fragments at the mouse central and peripheral melanocortin receptors
    • Haskell-Luevano, C., Holder, J. R., Monck, E. K., and Bauzo, R. M. (2001) Characterization of Melanocortin NDP-MSH Agonist Peptide Fragments at the Mouse Central and Peripheral Melanocortin Receptors J. Med. Chem. 44, 2247-2252
    • (2001) J. Med. Chem. , vol.44 , pp. 2247-2252
    • Haskell-Luevano, C.1    Holder, J.R.2    Monck, E.K.3    Bauzo, R.M.4
  • 26
    • 0037137613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure-activity relationships of the melanocortin tetrapeptide Ac-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-NH2 at the mouse melanocortin receptors. 4. Modifications at the Trp position
    • DOI 10.1021/jm020296e
    • Holder, J. R., Xiang, Z., Bauzo, R. M., and Haskell-Luevano, C. (2002) Structure-Activity Relationships of the Melanocortin Tetrapeptide Ac-His-d Phe-Arg-Trp-NH2 at the Mouse Melanocortin Receptors: Part 4 Modifications at the Trp Position J. Med. Chem. 45, 5736-5744 (Pubitemid 35453766)
    • (2002) Journal of Medicinal Chemistry , vol.45 , Issue.26 , pp. 5736-5744
    • Holder, J.R.1    Xiang, Z.2    Bauzo, R.M.3    Haskell-Luevano, C.4
  • 28
    • 0037458720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of aliphatic, cyclic, and aromatic n-terminally capped his-d phe-arg-trp-nh2melanocortin tetrapeptides at the melanocortin receptors
    • Holder, J. R., Marques, F. F., Xiang, Z., Bauzo, R. M., and Haskell-Luevano, C. (2003) Characterization of Aliphatic, Cyclic, and Aromatic N-Terminally Capped His-d Phe-Arg-Trp-NH2Melanocortin Tetrapeptides at the Melanocortin Receptors Eur. J. Pharmacol. 462, 41-52
    • (2003) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.462 , pp. 41-52
    • Holder, J.R.1    Marques, F.F.2    Xiang, Z.3    Bauzo, R.M.4    Haskell-Luevano, C.5
  • 29
    • 0000448866 scopus 로고
    • 4-Norleucine, 7-d -phenylalanine-α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone: A highly potent α-melanotropin with ultra long biological activity
    • Sawyer, T. K., Sanfillippo, P. J., Hruby, V. J., Engel, M. H., Heward, C. B., Burnett, J. B., and Hadley, M. E. (1980) 4-Norleucine, 7-d -Phenylalanine-α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone: A Highly Potent α-Melanotropin with Ultra Long Biological Activity Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77, 5754-5758
    • (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.77 , pp. 5754-5758
    • Sawyer, T.K.1    Sanfillippo, P.J.2    Hruby, V.J.3    Engel, M.H.4    Heward, C.B.5    Burnett, J.B.6    Hadley, M.E.7
  • 30
    • 0024310869 scopus 로고
    • Potent and prolonged acting cyclic lactam analogues of α-melanotropin: Design based on molecular dynamics
    • Al-Obeidi, F., Castrucci, A. M., Hadley, M. E., and Hruby, V. J. (1989) Potent and Prolonged Acting Cyclic Lactam Analogues of α-Melanotropin: Design Based on Molecular Dynamics J. Med. Chem. 32, 2555-2561
    • (1989) J. Med. Chem. , vol.32 , pp. 2555-2561
    • Al-Obeidi, F.1    Castrucci, A.M.2    Hadley, M.E.3    Hruby, V.J.4
  • 31
    • 33745036725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological characterization of 40 human melanocortin-4 receptor polymorphisms with the endogenous proopiomelanocortin-derived agonists and the agouti-related protein (AGRP) antagonist
    • Xiang, Z., Litherland, S. A., Sorensen, N. B., Proneth, B., Wood, M. S., Shaw, A. M., Millard, W. J., and Haskell-Luevano, C. (2006) Pharmacological Characterization of 40 Human Melanocortin-4 Receptor Polymorphisms with the Endogenous Proopiomelanocortin-Derived Agonists and the Agouti-Related Protein (AGRP) Antagonist Biochemistry 45, 7277-7288
    • (2006) Biochemistry , vol.45 , pp. 7277-7288
    • Xiang, Z.1    Litherland, S.A.2    Sorensen, N.B.3    Proneth, B.4    Wood, M.S.5    Shaw, A.M.6    Millard, W.J.7    Haskell-Luevano, C.8
  • 33
    • 11144358080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of putative agouti-related protein(87?132)-melanocortin-4 receptor interactions by homology molecular modeling and validation using chimeric peptide ligands
    • Wilczynski, A., Wang, X. S., Joseph, C. G., Xiang, Z., Bauzo, R. M., Scott, J. W., Sorensen, N. B., Shaw, A. M., Millard, W. J., Richards, N. G., and Haskell-Luevano, C. (2004) Identification of Putative Agouti-Related Protein(87?132)-Melanocortin-4 Receptor Interactions by Homology Molecular Modeling and Validation Using Chimeric Peptide Ligands J. Med. Chem. 47, 2194-2207
    • (2004) J. Med. Chem. , vol.47 , pp. 2194-2207
    • Wilczynski, A.1    Wang, X.S.2    Joseph, C.G.3    Xiang, Z.4    Bauzo, R.M.5    Scott, J.W.6    Sorensen, N.B.7    Shaw, A.M.8    Millard, W.J.9    Richards, N.G.10    Haskell-Luevano, C.11
  • 35
    • 0037130708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A solid phase approach to mouse melanocortin receptor agonists derived from a novel thioether cyclized peptidomimetic scaffold
    • Bondebjerg, J., Xiang, Z., Bauzo, R. M., Haskell-Luevano, C., and Meldal, M. (2002) A Solid Phase Approach to Mouse Melanocortin Receptor Agonists Derived From a Novel Thioether Cyclized Peptidomimetic Scaffold J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124, 11046-11055
    • (2002) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.124 , pp. 11046-11055
    • Bondebjerg, J.1    Xiang, Z.2    Bauzo, R.M.3    Haskell-Luevano, C.4    Meldal, M.5
  • 36
    • 0033544936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional characterization of mutations in melanocortin-4 receptor associated with human obesity
    • Ho, G. and MacKenzie, R. G. (1999) Functional Characterization of Mutations in Melanocortin-4 Receptor Associated with Human Obesity J. Biol. Chem. 274, 35819-35822
    • (1999) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.274 , pp. 35819-35822
    • Ho, G.1    MacKenzie, R.G.2
  • 37
    • 0035918601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure activity studies of the melanocortin-4 receptor by in vitro mutagenesis: Identification of agouti-related protein (AGRP), melanocortin agonist and synthetic peptide antagonist interaction determinants
    • Haskell-Luevano, C., Cone, R. D., Monck, E. K., and Wan, Y.-P. (2001) Structure Activity Studies of the Melanocortin-4 Receptor by In Vitro Mutagenesis: Identification of Agouti-Related Protein (AGRP), Melanocortin Agonist and Synthetic Peptide Antagonist Interaction Determinants Biochemistry 40, 6164-6179
    • (2001) Biochemistry , vol.40 , pp. 6164-6179
    • Haskell-Luevano, C.1    Cone, R.D.2    Monck, E.K.3    Wan, Y.-P.4
  • 38
    • 0023711798 scopus 로고
    • Calcium phosphate-medicated gener transfer: A highly efficient transfections system for stably transforming cells with plasmid DNA
    • Chen, C. A. and Okayama, H. (1988) Calcium Phosphate-Medicated Gener Transfer: A Highly Efficient Transfections System for Stably Transforming Cells with Plasmid DNA Biotechniques 6, 632-638
    • (1988) Biotechniques , vol.6 , pp. 632-638
    • Chen, C.A.1    Okayama, H.2
  • 39
    • 0028947365 scopus 로고
    • A colorimetric assay for measuring activation of gs-and gq-coupled signaling pathways
    • Chen, W., Shields, T. S., Stork, P. J. S., and Cone, R. D. (1995) A Colorimetric Assay for Measuring Activation of Gs-and Gq-Coupled Signaling Pathways Anal. Biochem. 226, 349-354
    • (1995) Anal. Biochem. , vol.226 , pp. 349-354
    • Chen, W.1    Shields, T.S.2    Stork, P.J.S.3    Cone, R.D.4
  • 40
    • 84982328496 scopus 로고
    • PA, a new scale for the measurement of drug antagonism
    • Schild, H. O. (1947) pA, A New Scale for the Measurement of Drug Antagonism Br. J. Pharmacol. 2, 189-206
    • (1947) Br. J. Pharmacol. , vol.2 , pp. 189-206
    • Schild, H.O.1
  • 42
    • 0028845059 scopus 로고
    • Nonlinear regression using spreadsheets
    • Bowen, W. P. and Jerman, J. C. (1995) Nonlinear Regression Using Spreadsheets Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 16, 413-417
    • (1995) Trends Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.16 , pp. 413-417
    • Bowen, W.P.1    Jerman, J.C.2
  • 44
    • 0035810771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agouti-related protein (AGRP) functions as an inverse agonist at a constitutively active brain melanocortin-4 receptor
    • Haskell-Luevano, C. and Monck, E. K. (2001) Agouti-Related Protein (AGRP) Functions as an Inverse Agonist at a Constitutively Active Brain Melanocortin-4 Receptor Regul. Pept. 99, 1-7
    • (2001) Regul. Pept. , vol.99 , pp. 1-7
    • Haskell-Luevano, C.1    Monck, E.K.2
  • 45
    • 0035130843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AGRP(83?132) acts as an inverse agonist on the human-melanocortin-4 receptor
    • Nijenhuis, W. A., Oosterom, J., and Adan, R. A. (2001) AGRP(83?132) Acts as an Inverse Agonist on the Human-Melanocortin-4 Receptor Mol. Endocrinol. 15, 164-171
    • (2001) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.15 , pp. 164-171
    • Nijenhuis, W.A.1    Oosterom, J.2    Adan, R.A.3
  • 46
    • 0035951058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-resolution nmr structure of the chemically-synthesized melanocortin receptor binding domain AGRP(87?132) of the agouti-related protein
    • McNulty, J. C., Thompson, D. A., Bolin, K. A., Wilken, J., Barsh, G. S., and Millhauser, G. L. (2001) High-Resolution NMR Structure of the Chemically-Synthesized Melanocortin Receptor Binding Domain AGRP(87?132) of the Agouti-Related Protein Biochemistry 40, 15520-15527
    • (2001) Biochemistry , vol.40 , pp. 15520-15527
    • McNulty, J.C.1    Thompson, D.A.2    Bolin, K.A.3    Wilken, J.4    Barsh, G.S.5    Millhauser, G.L.6
  • 47
    • 0038521280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell surface expression of the melanocortin-4 receptor is dependent on a c-terminal di-isoleucine sequence at codons 316/317
    • VanLeeuwen, D., Steffey, M. E., Donahue, C., Ho, G., and MacKenzie, R. G. (2003) Cell Surface Expression of the Melanocortin-4 Receptor is Dependent on a C-Terminal Di-Isoleucine Sequence at Codons 316/317 J. Biol. Chem. 278, 15935-15940
    • (2003) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.278 , pp. 15935-15940
    • Vanleeuwen, D.1    Steffey, M.E.2    Donahue, C.3    Ho, G.4    MacKenzie, R.G.5
  • 48
    • 0037927578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poor cell surface expression of human melanocortin-4 receptor mutations associated with obesity
    • Nijenhuis, W. A., Garner, K. M., van Rozen, R. J., and Adan, R. A. (2003) Poor Cell Surface Expression of Human Melanocortin-4 Receptor Mutations Associated with Obesity J. Biol. Chem. 278, 22939-22945
    • (2003) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.278 , pp. 22939-22945
    • Nijenhuis, W.A.1    Garner, K.M.2    Van Rozen, R.J.3    Adan, R.A.4
  • 49
    • 0037341511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in the human melanocortin-4 receptor gene associated with severe familial obesity disrupts receptor function through multiple molecular mechanisms
    • Yeo, G. S., Lank, E. J., Farooqi, I. S., Keogh, J., Challis, B. G., and ORahilly, S. (2003) Mutations in the Human Melanocortin-4 Receptor Gene Associated with Severe Familial Obesity Disrupts Receptor Function Through Multiple Molecular Mechanisms Hum. Mol. Genet. 12, 561-574
    • (2003) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.12 , pp. 561-574
    • Yeo, G.S.1    Lank, E.J.2    Farooqi, I.S.3    Keogh, J.4    Challis, B.G.5    Orahilly, S.6
  • 50
    • 0033927916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanocortin-4 receptor mutations are a frequent and heterogeneous cause of morbid obesity
    • Vaisse, C., Clement, K., Durand, E., Hercberg, S., Guy-Grand, B., and Froguel, P. (2000) Melanocortin-4 Receptor Mutations are a Frequent and Heterogeneous Cause of Morbid Obesity J. Clin. Invest. 106, 253-262
    • (2000) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.106 , pp. 253-262
    • Vaisse, C.1    Clement, K.2    Durand, E.3    Hercberg, S.4    Guy-Grand, B.5    Froguel, P.6
  • 53
    • 52449094727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 modified at the para position of the benzyl side chain (d phe): Importance for mouse melanocortin-3 receptor agonist versus antagonist activity
    • 2 Modified at the Para Position of the Benzyl Side Chain (d Phe): Importance for Mouse Melanocortin-3 Receptor Agonist Versus Antagonist Activity J. Med. Chem. 51, 5585-5593
    • (2008) J. Med. Chem. , vol.51 , pp. 5585-5593
    • Proneth, B.1    Pogozheva, I.D.2    Portillo, F.P.3    Mosberg, H.I.4    Haskell-Luevano, C.5
  • 55
    • 12244281827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of mutations and functional analyses of melanocortin 4 receptor variants identified among 750 men with juvenile-onset obesity
    • Larsen, L. H., Echwald, S. M., Sorensen, T. I., Andersen, T., Wulff, B. S., and Pedersen, O. (2005) Prevalence of Mutations and Functional Analyses of Melanocortin 4 Receptor Variants Identified Among 750 Men with Juvenile-Onset Obesity J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 90, 219-224
    • (2005) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.90 , pp. 219-224
    • Larsen, L.H.1    Echwald, S.M.2    Sorensen, T.I.3    Andersen, T.4    Wulff, B.S.5    Pedersen, O.6
  • 56
    • 26244440175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional analyses of melanocortin-4 receptor mutations identified from patients with binge eating disorder and nonobese or obese subjects
    • Tao, Y. X. and Segaloff, D. L. (2005) Functional Analyses of Melanocortin-4 Receptor Mutations Identified from Patients with Binge Eating Disorder and Nonobese or Obese Subjects J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 90, 5632-5638
    • (2005) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.90 , pp. 5632-5638
    • Tao, Y.X.1    Segaloff, D.L.2
  • 58
    • 0034905674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutational analysis of melanocortin-4 receptor, agouti-related protein, and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone genes in severely obese children
    • Dubern, B., Clement, K., Pelloux, V., Froguel, P., Girardet, J. P., Guy-Grand, B., and Tounian, P. (2001) Mutational Analysis of Melanocortin-4 Receptor, Agouti-Related Protein, and α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Genes in Severely Obese Children J. Pediatr. 139, 204-209
    • (2001) J. Pediatr. , vol.139 , pp. 204-209
    • Dubern, B.1    Clement, K.2    Pelloux, V.3    Froguel, P.4    Girardet, J.P.5    Guy-Grand, B.6    Tounian, P.7
  • 59
    • 0030761093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 7] melanocyte stimulating hormone with the human melanocortin-1 receptor (melanocyte α-MSH receptor)
    • 7] Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone with the Human Melanocortin-1 Receptor (Melanocyte α-MSH Receptor) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 23000-23010
    • (1997) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.272 , pp. 23000-23010
    • Yang, Y.-K.1    Dickinson, C.2    Haskell-Luevano, C.3    Gantz, I.4
  • 61
    • 0019137579 scopus 로고
    • A ternary complex model explains the agonist-specific binding properties of the adenylate cyclase-coupled beta-adrenergic receptor
    • De Lean, A., Stadel, J. M., and Lefkowitz, R. J. (1980) A Ternary Complex Model Explains the Agonist-Specific Binding Properties of the Adenylate Cyclase-Coupled Beta-Adrenergic Receptor J. Biol. Chem. 255, 7108-7117
    • (1980) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.255 , pp. 7108-7117
    • De Lean, A.1    Stadel, J.M.2    Lefkowitz, R.J.3
  • 62
    • 0027297275 scopus 로고
    • Constitutive activity of receptors coupled to guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins
    • Lefkowitz, R. J., Cotecchia, S., Samama, P., and Costa, T. (1993) Constitutive Activity of Receptors Coupled to Guanine Nucleotide Regulatory Proteins Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 14, 303-307
    • (1993) Trends Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.14 , pp. 303-307
    • Lefkowitz, R.J.1    Cotecchia, S.2    Samama, P.3    Costa, T.4
  • 66
    • 0344412889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autosomal-dominant mode of inheritance of a melanocortin-4 receptor mutation in a patient with severe early-onset obesity is due to a dominant-negative effect caused by receptor dimerization
    • Biebermann, H., Krude, H., Elsner, A., Chubanov, V., Gudermann, T., and Gruters, A. (2003) Autosomal-Dominant Mode of Inheritance of a Melanocortin-4 Receptor Mutation in a Patient with Severe Early-Onset Obesity is Due to a Dominant-Negative Effect Caused by Receptor Dimerization Diabetes 52, 2984-8
    • (2003) Diabetes , vol.52 , pp. 2984-8
    • Biebermann, H.1    Krude, H.2    Elsner, A.3    Chubanov, V.4    Gudermann, T.5    Gruters, A.6
  • 67
    • 0141450537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional characterization of melanocortin-4 receptor mutations associated with childhood obesity
    • Tao, Y. X. and Segaloff, D. L. (2003) Functional Characterization of Melanocortin-4 Receptor Mutations Associated with Childhood Obesity Endocrinology 144, 4544-4551
    • (2003) Endocrinology , vol.144 , pp. 4544-4551
    • Tao, Y.X.1    Segaloff, D.L.2
  • 68
    • 0346259943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metal Ion-mediated agonism and agonist enhancement in melanocortin MC1 and MC4 receptors
    • Holst, B., Elling, C. E., and Schwartz, T. W. (2002) Metal Ion-Mediated Agonism and Agonist Enhancement in Melanocortin MC1 and MC4 Receptors J. Biol. Chem. 277, 47662-47670
    • (2002) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.277 , pp. 47662-47670
    • Holst, B.1    Elling, C.E.2    Schwartz, T.W.3
  • 70
    • 70349334681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In silico mutagenesis: A case study of the melanocortin 4 receptor
    • Bromberg, Y., Overton, J., Vaisse, C., Leibel, R. L., and Rost, B. (2009) In Silico Mutagenesis: A Case Study of the Melanocortin 4 Receptor FASEB J. 23, 3059-3069
    • (2009) FASEB J. , vol.23 , pp. 3059-3069
    • Bromberg, Y.1    Overton, J.2    Vaisse, C.3    Leibel, R.L.4    Rost, B.5
  • 74
    • 0037456768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical spectrum of obesity and mutations in the melanocortin 4 receptor gene
    • Farooqi, I. S., Keogh, J. M., Yeo, G. S., Lank, E. J., Cheetham, T., and ORahilly, S. (2003) Clinical Spectrum of Obesity and Mutations in the Melanocortin 4 Receptor Gene N. Engl. J. Med. 348, 1085-1095
    • (2003) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.348 , pp. 1085-1095
    • Farooqi, I.S.1    Keogh, J.M.2    Yeo, G.S.3    Lank, E.J.4    Cheetham, T.5    Orahilly, S.6
  • 78
    • 77953105307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel melanocortin 4 receptor gene mutations in severely obese children
    • (2007).
    • Lee, Y. S., Poh, L. K., Kek, B. L., and Loke, K. Y. (2007) Novel Melanocortin 4 Receptor Gene Mutations in Severely Obese Children, Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxford).
    • Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxford)
    • Lee, Y.S.1    Poh, L.K.2    Kek, B.L.3    Loke, K.Y.4
  • 79
    • 23044453212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Six novel mutations in the proopiomelanocortin and melanocortin receptor 4 genes in severely obese adults living in southern italy
    • Buono, P., Pasanisi, F., Nardelli, C., Ieno, L., Capone, S., Liguori, R., Finelli, C., Oriani, G., Contaldo, F., and Sacchetti, L. (2005) Six Novel Mutations in the Proopiomelanocortin and Melanocortin Receptor 4 Genes in Severely Obese Adults Living in Southern Italy Clin. Chem. 51, 1358-1364
    • (2005) Clin. Chem. , vol.51 , pp. 1358-1364
    • Buono, P.1    Pasanisi, F.2    Nardelli, C.3    Ieno, L.4    Capone, S.5    Liguori, R.6    Finelli, C.7    Oriani, G.8    Contaldo, F.9    Sacchetti, L.10
  • 82
    • 4644240052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanocortin 4 receptor gene variation is associated with severe obesity in pima indians
    • Ma, L., Tataranni, P. A., Bogardus, C., and Baier, L. J. (2004) Melanocortin 4 Receptor Gene Variation is Associated with Severe Obesity in Pima Indians Diabetes 53, 2696-2699
    • (2004) Diabetes , vol.53 , pp. 2696-2699
    • Ma, L.1    Tataranni, P.A.2    Bogardus, C.3    Baier, L.J.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.