메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 675-691

Reappraisal of the essential fatty acids

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS;

EID: 77952104940     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (7)

References (196)
  • 1
    • 23344439553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid: A positive modulator of akt signaling in neuronal survival
    • (USA)
    • Akbar, M., Calderon, F., Wen, Z., and Kim, H.Y. (2005). Docosahexaenoic acid: a positive modulator of Akt signaling in neuronal survival. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA)102: 10858-10863.
    • (2005) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , vol.102 , pp. 10858-10863
    • Akbar, M.1    Calderon, F.2    Wen, Z.3    Kim, H.Y.4
  • 3
    • 0029166535 scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid status and developmental quotient of healthy term infants
    • Agostoni, C., Riva, E., Trojan, S., Bellu, R., and Giovannini, M. (1995). Docosahexaenoic acid status and developmental quotient of healthy term infants. Lancet 346: 638.
    • (1995) Lancet , vol.346 , pp. 638
    • Agostoni, C.1    Riva, E.2    Trojan, S.3    Bellu, R.4    Giovannini, M.5
  • 4
    • 0015080273 scopus 로고
    • Lipids of ocular tissues. VII. Positional distribution of the fatty acids in the phospholipids of bovine retina rod outer segments
    • Anderson, R.E., and Sperling, L. (1971). Lipids of ocular tissues. VII. Positional distribution of the fatty acids in the phospholipids of bovine retina rod outer segments. Arch. Biochem. Biophys.144: 673-677.
    • (1971) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , vol.144 , pp. 673-677
    • Anderson, R.E.1    Sperling, L.2
  • 5
    • 1542713799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Joe goldstein and mike brown: From cholesterol homeostasis to new paradigms in membrane biology
    • Anderson, R.G.W. (2003). Joe Goldstein and Mike Brown: from cholesterol homeostasis to new paradigms in membrane biology. Trends Cell Biol. 13: 534-539.
    • (2003) Trends Cell Biol. , vol.13 , pp. 534-539
    • Anderson, R.G.W.1
  • 6
    • 0029090398 scopus 로고
    • WHO and FAO joint consultation: Fats and oils in human nutrition
    • Anonymous (1995). WHO and FAO joint consultation: fats and oils in human nutrition. Nutr. Rev.53: 202-205.
    • (1995) Nutr. Rev. , vol.53 , pp. 202-205
  • 7
    • 0037452612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of prostaglandin derived from ra-6 and ra-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on COX-2 expression and il-6 secretion
    • Bagga, D., Wang, L., Farias-Eisner, R., Glaspy, J.A., and Reddy, S.T. (2003). Differential effects of prostaglandin derived from ra-6 and ra-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on COX-2 expression and IL-6 secretion. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.100: 1751-1756.
    • (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , vol.100 , pp. 1751-1756
    • Bagga, D.1    Wang, L.2    Farias-Eisner, R.3    Glaspy, J.A.4    Reddy, S.T.5
  • 8
    • 0018817204 scopus 로고
    • Essential fatty acid requirements and metabolism of cells in tissue culture
    • Bailey, J.M. (1980). Essential fatty acid requirements and metabolism of cells in tissue culture. Adv. Prost. Throm. Res.6: 549-565.
    • (1980) Adv. Prost. Throm. Res. , vol.6 , pp. 549-565
    • Bailey, J.M.1
  • 9
    • 0015948823 scopus 로고
    • Linoleic and linolenic acid dependency of some brain membrane-bound enzymes after lipid deprivation in rats
    • Bernsohn, J., and Spitz, FJ. (1974). Linoleic and linolenic acid dependency of some brain membrane-bound enzymes after lipid deprivation in rats. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm.57: 293-298.
    • (1974) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. , vol.57 , pp. 293-298
    • Bernsohn, J.1    Spitz, F.J.2
  • 10
    • 0025174649 scopus 로고
    • Delta-6-desaturase activity of human liver microsomes from patients with different types of liver injury
    • Biagi, P.L., Hrelia, S., Stefanini, G.F., Zunarelli, P., and Bordoni, A. (1990). Delta-6-desaturase activity of human liver microsomes from patients with different types of liver injury. Prost. Leuk. Essent. Fatty Acids 39: 39-42.
    • (1990) Prost. Leuk. Essent. Fatty Acids , vol.39 , pp. 39-42
    • Biagi, P.L.1    Hrelia, S.2    Stefanini, G.F.3    Zunarelli, P.4    Bordoni, A.5
  • 11
    • 17844370237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual maturation of term infants fed long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid-supplemented or control formula for 12 mo
    • Birch, E.E., Castaneda, Y.S., Wheaton, D.H., Birch, D.G., Uauy, R.D., and Hoffman, D.R. (2005). Visual maturation of term infants fed long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid-supplemented or control formula for 12 mo. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.81: 871-879.
    • (2005) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.81 , pp. 871-879
    • Birch, E.E.1    Castaneda, Y.S.2    Wheaton, D.H.3    Birch, D.G.4    Uauy, R.D.5    Hoffman, D.R.6
  • 13
    • 0023483212 scopus 로고
    • alpha-linolenic acid deficiency in man: Effect of ethyl lino-lenate on plasma and erythrocyte fatty acid composition and biosynthesis of prostanoids
    • Bjerve, K.S., Fischer, S., and Alme, K. (1987a). alpha-linolenic acid deficiency in man: effect of ethyl lino-lenate on plasma and erythrocyte fatty acid composition and biosynthesis of prostanoids. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.46: 570-576.
    • (1987) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.46 , pp. 570-576
    • Bjerve, K.S.1    Fischer, S.2    Alme, K.3
  • 14
    • 0023115264 scopus 로고
    • alpha-linolenic acid deficiency in patients on long-term gastric-tube feeding: Estimation of linolenic acid and long chain unsaturated n-3 fatty acid requirement in man
    • Bjerve, K.S., Mostad, I.L., and Thorensen, L. (1987b). alpha-linolenic acid deficiency in patients on long-term gastric-tube feeding: estimation of linolenic acid and long chain unsaturated n-3 fatty acid requirement in man. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.45: 66-77.
    • (1987) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.45 , pp. 66-77
    • Bjerve, K.S.1    Mostad, I.L.2    Thorensen, L.3
  • 15
    • 0024535460 scopus 로고
    • α-linolenic acid and long chain ra-3 fatty acid supplementation in three patients with ra-3 fatty acid deficiency: Effect on lymphocyte function, plasma and red cell lipids, and prostanoid formation
    • Bjerve, K.S., Fischer, S., Wammer, F., and Egeland, T. (1989). α-linolenic acid and long chain ra-3 fatty acid supplementation in three patients with ra-3 fatty acid deficiency: effect on lymphocyte function, plasma and red cell lipids, and prostanoid formation. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 49: 290-300.
    • (1989) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.49 , pp. 290-300
    • Bjerve, K.S.1    Fischer, S.2    Wammer, F.3    Egeland, T.4
  • 16
    • 30844437681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6, n-3) regulates rat hepatocyte SREBP-1 nuclear abundance by Erk- and 26S proteosome-dependent pathways
    • Botolin, D., Wang, Y., Christian, B., and Jump, D.B. (2006). Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6, n-3) regulates rat hepatocyte SREBP-1 nuclear abundance by Erk- and 26S proteosome-dependent pathways. J. Lipid Res.47: 181-192.
    • (2006) J. Lipid Res. , vol.47 , pp. 181-192
    • Botolin, D.1    Wang, Y.2    Christian, B.3    Jump, D.B.4
  • 18
    • 0024788867 scopus 로고
    • The effects of dietary α-linolenic acid on the composition of nerve membranes, enzymatic activity, amplitude of electrophysiological parameters, resistance to poisons and performance of learning tasks in rats
    • Bourre, J.M., Francois, M., Youyou, A., Dumont, O., Piciotti, M., Pascal, G., and Durand, G. (1989b). The effects of dietary α-linolenic acid on the composition of nerve membranes, enzymatic activity, amplitude of electrophysiological parameters, resistance to poisons and performance of learning tasks in rats. J. Nutr119: 1880-1892.
    • (1989) J. Nutr. , vol.119 , pp. 1880-1892
    • Bourre, J.M.1    Francois, M.2    Youyou, A.3    Dumont, O.4    Piciotti, M.5    Pascal, G.6    Durand, G.7
  • 20
    • 0019752405 scopus 로고
    • Nutritional and hormonal factors influencing desaturation of essential fatty acids
    • Brenner, R.R. (1981). Nutritional and hormonal factors influencing desaturation of essential fatty acids. Prog. Lipid Res. 20: 41-47.
    • (1981) Prog. Lipid Res. , vol.20 , pp. 41-47
    • Brenner, R.R.1
  • 21
    • 0019754784 scopus 로고
    • Early effects of EFA deficiency on the structure and enzymatic activity of rat liver microsomes
    • Brenner, R.R., Gorda, H., DeGomez Dumm, I.N.T., and Pezzano, H. (1981). Early effects of EFA deficiency on the structure and enzymatic activity of rat liver microsomes. Prog. Lipid Res. 20: 315-321.
    • (1981) Prog. Lipid Res. , vol.20 , pp. 315-321
    • Brenner, R.R.1    Gorda, H.2    Degomez Dumm, I.N.T.3    Pezzano, H.4
  • 22
    • 0014694664 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. I. Effect of unsaturated fatty acid of 18 carbons on the microsomal desaturation of linoleic acid into α-linolenic acid
    • Brenner, R.R., and Peluffo, R.O. (1969). Regulation of unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. I. Effect of unsaturated fatty acid of 18 carbons on the microsomal desaturation of linoleic acid into α-linolenic acid. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 176: 471-479.
    • (1969) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.176 , pp. 471-479
    • Brenner, R.R.1    Peluffo, R.O.2
  • 23
    • 0030941803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The SREBP pathway: Regulation of cholesterol metabolism by proteolysis of a membrane-bound transcription factor
    • Brown, M.S., and Goldstein, J.L. (1997). The SREBP pathway: regulation of cholesterol metabolism by proteolysis of a membrane-bound transcription factor. Cell 89: 331-340.
    • (1997) Cell , vol.89 , pp. 331-340
    • Brown, M.S.1    Goldstein, J.L.2
  • 24
    • 0029913052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of myocardial lesions in men with minimal coronary atherosclerosis at autopsy. The honolulu heart program
    • Burchfiel, C.M., Reed D.M., Strong, J.P., Sharp, D.S., Chyou, P., and Rodriguez, B.L. (1996). Predictors of myocardial lesions in men with minimal coronary atherosclerosis at autopsy. The Honolulu heart program. Ann. Epidemiol. 6: 137-146.
    • (1996) Ann. Epidemiol. , vol.6 , pp. 137-146
    • Burchfiel, C.M.1    Reed, D.M.2    Strong, J.P.3    Sharp, D.S.4    Chyou, P.5    Rodriguez, B.L.6
  • 25
    • 0036774711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eicosapentaenoic and docosapentaenoic acids are the principal products of α-linolenic acid metabolism in young men
    • Burdge, G.C., Jones, A.E., and Wooton, S.A. (2002a). Eicosapentaenoic and docosapentaenoic acids are the principal products of α-linolenic acid metabolism in young men. Br. J. Nutr. 88: 355-363.
    • (2002) Br. J. Nutr. , vol.88 , pp. 355-363
    • Burdge, G.C.1    Jones, A.E.2    Wooton, S.A.3
  • 26
    • 0036774671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conversion of α-linolenic acid to eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic acids in young women
    • Burdge, G.C., and Wooten, S.A. (2002b). Conversion of α-linolenic acid to eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic acids in young women. Br. J. Nutr. 88: 411-420.
    • (2002) Br. J. Nutr. , vol.88 , pp. 411-420
    • Burdge, G.C.1    Wooten, S.A.2
  • 27
    • 0000888229 scopus 로고
    • New deficiency disease produced by the rigid exclusion of fat from the diet
    • Burr, G.O., and Burr, M.M. (1929). New deficiency disease produced by the rigid exclusion of fat from the diet. J. Biol. Chem. 82: 345-367.
    • (1929) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.82 , pp. 345-367
    • Burr, G.O.1    Burr, M.M.2
  • 28
    • 0001553916 scopus 로고
    • On the nature and role of the fatty acids essential in nutrition
    • Burr, G.O., and Burr, M.M. (1930). On the nature and role of the fatty acids essential in nutrition. J. Biol. Chem. 86: 587-621.
    • (1930) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.86 , pp. 587-621
    • Burr, G.O.1    Burr, M.M.2
  • 29
    • 4444223956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid protects from dendritic pathology in an alzheimer’s disease mouse model
    • Calon, F., Lim, G.P., Yang, F., et al. (2004). Docosahexaenoic acid protects from dendritic pathology in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model. Neuron 43: 633-645.
    • (2004) Neuron , vol.43 , pp. 633-645
    • Calon, F.1    Lim, G.P.2    Yang, F.3
  • 30
    • 23944503308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid depletion activates caspases and decreases NMDA receptors in the brain of a transgenic mouse model of alzheimer’s disease
    • Calon, F., Lim, G.P., Morihara, T., Yang, F., Ubeda, O., Salem, N., Frautschy, S.A., and Cole, G.M. (2005). Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid depletion activates caspases and decreases NMDA receptors in the brain of a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Eur. J. Neurosci. 22: 617-626.
    • (2005) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 617-626
    • Calon, F.1    Lim, G.P.2    Morihara, T.3    Yang, F.4    Ubeda, O.5    Salem, N.6    Frautschy, S.A.7    Cole, G.M.8
  • 31
    • 0035740692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid in infant development
    • Carlson, S.E. (2001). Docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid in infant development. Semin. Neonatol. 6: 437-449.
    • (2001) Semin. Neonatol. , vol.6 , pp. 437-449
    • Carlson, S.E.1
  • 33
  • 34
    • 23044495981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a mechanism by which ω-3 polyunsaturated lipids may affect membrane protein function
    • Carrillo-Tripp, M., and Feller, S.E. (2005). Evidence for a mechanism by which ω-3 polyunsaturated lipids may affect membrane protein function. Biochemistry 44: 10164-10169.
    • (2005) Biochemistry , vol.44 , pp. 10164-10169
    • Carrillo-Tripp, M.1    Feller, S.E.2
  • 35
    • 0032929070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloning, expression, and nutritional regulation of the mammalian A-6 desaturase
    • Cho, H.P., Nakamura, M.T., and Clarke, S.D. (1999a). Cloning, expression, and nutritional regulation of the mammalian A-6 desaturase. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 471-477.
    • (1999) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.274 , pp. 471-477
    • Cho, H.P.1    Nakamura, M.T.2    Clarke, S.D.3
  • 36
    • 0033601177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloning, expression, and fatty acid regulation of the human A-5 desaturase
    • Cho, H.P., Nakamura, M., and Clarke, S.D. (1999b). Cloning, expression, and fatty acid regulation of the human A-5 desaturase. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 37335-37339.
    • (1999) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.274 , pp. 37335-37339
    • Cho, H.P.1    Nakamura, M.2    Clarke, S.D.3
  • 37
    • 0028306062 scopus 로고
    • Expression of protein kinase c isozymes in guinea pig epidermis: Selective inhibition of PKC-P activity by 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid-containing diacylglycerol
    • Cho, Y., and Ziboh, V.A. (1994). Expression of protein kinase C isozymes in guinea pig epidermis: selective inhibition of PKC-P activity by 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid-containing diacylglycerol. J. Lipid Res. 35: 913-921.
    • (1994) J. Lipid Res. , vol.35 , pp. 913-921
    • Cho, Y.1    Ziboh, V.A.2
  • 38
    • 0031184441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do the n-3 fatty acids from fish Prevent deaths from cardiovascular disease?
    • Connor, W.E. (1997). Do the n-3 fatty acids from fish Prevent deaths from cardiovascular disease? Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 66: 188-189.
    • (1997) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.66 , pp. 188-189
    • Connor, W.E.1
  • 39
    • 0035985714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent studies on interactions between n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in brain and other tissues
    • Contreras, M.A., and Rapoport, S.I. (2002). Recent studies on interactions between n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in brain and other tissues. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 13: 267-272.
    • (2002) Curr. Opin. Lipidol. , vol.13 , pp. 267-272
    • Contreras, M.A.1    Rapoport, S.I.2
  • 40
    • 23944482391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single nucleotide polymorphisms that influence lipid metabolism: Interaction with dietary factors
    • Corella, D., and Ordovas, J.M. (2005). Single nucleotide polymorphisms that influence lipid metabolism: interaction with dietary factors. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 25: 341-390.
    • (2005) Annu. Rev. Nutr. , vol.25 , pp. 341-390
    • Corella, D.1    Ordovas, J.M.2
  • 41
    • 0026718581 scopus 로고
    • The role of dietary fatty acids in biology: Their place in the evolution of the human brain
    • Crawford, M.A. (1992). The role of dietary fatty acids in biology: their place in the evolution of the human brain. Nutr. Rev. 50: 3-11.
    • (1992) Nutr. Rev. , vol.50 , pp. 3-11
    • Crawford, M.A.1
  • 42
    • 0030155908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent studies on the synthesis, p-oxidation, and deficiency of linoleate and a-linolenate: Are essential fatty acids more aptly named indispensible or conditionally dispensible fatty acids?
    • Cunnane, S.C. (1996). Recent studies on the synthesis, P-oxidation, and deficiency of linoleate and a-linolenate: are essential fatty acids more aptly named indispensible or conditionally dispensible fatty acids? Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 74: 629-639.
    • (1996) Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. , vol.74 , pp. 629-639
    • Cunnane, S.C.1
  • 43
    • 0017081637 scopus 로고
    • Essential fatty acid requirements in infancy
    • Cuthbertson, W.F.J. (1976). Essential fatty acid requirements in infancy. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 29: 559-568.
    • (1976) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.29 , pp. 559-568
    • Cuthbertson, W.F.J.1
  • 44
    • 0142218366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of transbilayer plasma membrane phospholipids asymmetry
    • Daleke, D.L. (2003). Regulation of transbilayer plasma membrane phospholipids asymmetry. J. Lipid Res. 44: 233-242.
    • (2003) J. Lipid Res. , vol.44 , pp. 233-242
    • Daleke, D.L.1
  • 46
    • 0016815186 scopus 로고
    • Oxidative desaturation of α-linolenic, linoleic, and stearic acids by human liver microsomes
    • DeGomez Dumm, I.N.T., and Brenner, R.R. (1975). Oxidative desaturation of α-linolenic, linoleic, and stearic acids by human liver microsomes. Lipids 10: 315-317.
    • (1975) Lipids , vol.10 , pp. 315-317
    • Degomez Dumm, I.N.T.1    Brenner, R.R.2
  • 48
    • 0019409905 scopus 로고
    • Multisystem, neuronal degeneration, hepatosplenomegaly, and adrenocortical deficiency associated with reduced tissue arachidonic acid
    • Dyck, PJ., Yao, J.K., Knickerbocker, D.E., Holman, R.T., Gomez, M.R., Hayles, A.B., and Lambert, E.H. (1981). Multisystem, neuronal degeneration, hepatosplenomegaly, and adrenocortical deficiency associated with reduced tissue arachidonic acid. Neurology 31: 925-934.
    • (1981) Neurology , vol.31 , pp. 925-934
    • Dyck, P.J.1    Yao, J.K.2    Knickerbocker, D.E.3    Holman, R.T.4    Gomez, M.R.5    Hayles, A.B.6    Lambert, E.H.7
  • 49
    • 0022703919 scopus 로고
    • Linolenate-derived polyunsaturated fatty acids and Prevention of atherosclerosis
    • Dyerberg, J. (1986). Linolenate-derived polyunsaturated fatty acids and Prevention of atherosclerosis. Nutr. Rev. 44: 125-134.
    • (1986) Nutr. Rev. , vol.44 , pp. 125-134
    • Dyerberg, J.1
  • 50
    • 0024505850 scopus 로고
    • Direct in vivo characterization of delta 5 desaturase activity in humans by deuterium labeling: Effect of insulin
    • El Boustani, S., Causse, J.E., Descomps, B., Monnier, L., Mendy, F., and Crastes de Paulet, A. (1989). Direct in vivo characterization of delta 5 desaturase activity in humans by deuterium labeling: effect of insulin. Metabolism 38: 315-321.
    • (1989) Metabolism 38 , pp. 315-321
    • El Boustani, S.1    Causse, J.E.2    Descomps, B.3    Monnier, L.4    Mendy, F.5    Crastes De Paulet, A.6
  • 52
  • 53
    • 0028068555 scopus 로고
    • Dietary linoleic acid influences desaturation and acylation of deuterium-labeled linoleic and linolenic acids in young adult males
    • Emken, E.A., Adlof, R.O., and Gulley, R.M. (1994). Dietary linoleic acid influences desaturation and acylation of deuterium-labeled linoleic and linolenic acids in young adult males. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1213: 277-288.
    • (1994) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1213 , pp. 277-288
    • Emken, E.A.1    Adlof, R.O.2    Gulley, R.M.3
  • 54
    • 0030902314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of dietary arachidonic acid on metabolism in vivo of 8 cis, 11 cis, 14-eicosatrienoic acid in humans
    • Emken, E.A., Adlof, R.O., Duval, S.M., and Nelson, G.J. (1997). Influence of dietary arachidonic acid on metabolism in vivo of 8 cis, 11 cis, 14-eicosatrienoic acid in humans. Lipids 32: 441-448.
    • (1997) Lipids 32 , pp. 441-448
    • Emken, E.A.1    Adlof, R.O.2    Duval, S.M.3    Nelson, G.J.4
  • 55
    • 0023245256 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism in humans of cis-12, trans,-15-octadecadienoic acid relative to palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids
    • Emken, E.A., Rohweddar, W.K., Adlof, R.O., Rokoff, H., and Gulley, R.M. (1987). Metabolism in humans of cis-12, trans,-15-octadecadienoic acid relative to palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids. Lipids 22: 495-504.
    • (1987) Lipids , vol.22 , pp. 495-504
    • Emken, E.A.1    Rohweddar, W.K.2    Adlof, R.O.3    Rokoff, H.4    Gulley, R.M.5
  • 56
    • 0141590658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemoprotective n-3 fatty acids activate rxra in colonocytes
    • Fan, Y.Y., Spencer, T.E., Wang, N., Moyer, M.P., and Chapkin, R.S. (2003). Chemoprotective n-3 fatty acids activate RXRa in colonocytes. Carcinogenesis 24: 1541-1548.
    • (2003) Carcinogenesis , vol.24 , pp. 1541-1548
    • Fan, Y.Y.1    Spencer, T.E.2    Wang, N.3    Moyer, M.P.4    Chapkin, R.S.5
  • 57
  • 58
    • 0015740126 scopus 로고
    • Essential fatty acid studies in primates: Linolenic acid requirement of capuchins
    • Fiennes, R.N.T.W., Sinclair, A.J., and Crawford, M.A. (1973). Essential fatty acid studies in primates: linolenic acid requirement of capuchins. J. Med. Prim. 2: 155-169.
    • (1973) J. Med. Prim. , vol.2 , pp. 155-169
    • Fiennes, R.N.T.W.1    Sinclair, A.J.2    Crawford, M.A.3
  • 59
    • 26944494216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary pufa for preterm and term infants: Review of clinical studies
    • Fleith, M., and Clandinin, M.T. (2005). Dietary PUFA for preterm and term infants: review of clinical studies. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 45: 205-229.
    • (2005) Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. , vol.45 , pp. 205-229
    • Fleith, M.1    Clandinin, M.T.2
  • 61
    • 0030119552 scopus 로고
    • Biological effects of dietary arachidonic acid
    • German, J.B., Dillard, C.J., and Whelan, J. (1995). Biological effects of dietary arachidonic acid. J. Nutr. 126: 1076S-1080S.
    • (1995) J. Nutr. , vol.126 , pp. 1076S-1080S
    • German, J.B.1    Dillard, C.J.2    Whelan, J.3
  • 62
    • 0030239495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular fatty acid-binding proteins: Their function and physiological significance
    • Glatz, J.F.C., and vand der Vusse, G.J. (1996). Cellular fatty acid-binding proteins: their function and physiological significance. Prog. Lipid Res. 15: 243-282.
    • (1996) Prog. Lipid Res. , vol.15 , pp. 243-282
    • Glatz, J.F.C.1    Vand Der Vusse, G.J.2
  • 63
    • 0020463673 scopus 로고
    • Essential fatty acid deficiency after hepatic portoenterostomy for biliary atresia
    • Gourley, G.R., Farrell, P.M., and Odell, G.B. (1982). Essential fatty acid deficiency after hepatic portoenterostomy for biliary atresia. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 36: 1194-1199.
    • (1982) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.36 , pp. 1194-1199
    • Gourley, G.R.1    Farrell, P.M.2    Odell, G.B.3
  • 64
    • 0028718147 scopus 로고
    • Diversity in the ability of cultured cells to elongate and desaturate essential (n-6 and n-3) fatty acids
    • Grammatikos, S.I., Subbaiah, P.V., Victor, T.A., and Miller, W.M. (1994). Diversity in the ability of cultured cells to elongate and desaturate essential (n-6 and n-3) fatty acids. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 745: 92-105.
    • (1994) Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , vol.745 , pp. 92-105
    • Grammatikos, S.I.1    Subbaiah, P.V.2    Victor, T.A.3    Miller, W.M.4
  • 66
    • 0036812909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of cellular uptake of long-chain fatty acids: Do we need cellular proteins
    • Hamilton, J.A., Guo, W., and Kamp, F. (2002). Mechanism of cellular uptake of long-chain fatty acids: do we need cellular proteins. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 239: 17-23.
    • (2002) Mol. Cell. Biochem. , vol.239 , pp. 17-23
    • Hamilton, J.A.1    Guo, W.2    Kamp, F.3
  • 67
    • 33745801153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipid rafts: Contentious only from simplistic standpoints
    • Hancock, J.F. (2006). Lipid rafts: contentious only from simplistic standpoints. Nature Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 7: 456-462.
    • (2006) Nature Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. , vol.7 , pp. 456-462
    • Hancock, J.F.1
  • 69
    • 0022475646 scopus 로고
    • Apparent in vivo retroconversion of dietary arachidonic acid to linoleic acid in essential fatty acid deficient rats
    • Hansen, H.S., Jensen B., and VonWeltstein-Knowles, P. (1986). Apparent in vivo retroconversion of dietary arachidonic acid to linoleic acid in essential fatty acid deficient rats. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 878: 284-287.
    • (1986) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.878 , pp. 284-287
    • Hansen, H.S.1    Jensen, B.2    VonWeltstein-Knowles, P.3
  • 70
    • 1842588906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipids as targeting signals: Lipid rafts and intracellular trafficking
    • Helms, J.B., and Zurzolo, C. (2004). Lipids as targeting signals: lipid rafts and intracellular trafficking. Traffic 5: 247-254.
    • (2004) Traffic , vol.5 , pp. 247-254
    • Helms, J.B.1    Zurzolo, C.2
  • 71
    • 0020058845 scopus 로고
    • Suspected faulty essential fatty acid metabolism in sjogren-larsson syndrome
    • Hernell, O., Holmgren, G., Jagell, F., Johnson, S.B., and Holman, R.T. (1982). Suspected faulty essential fatty acid metabolism in Sjogren-Larsson syndrome. Pediatr. Res. 16: 45-49.
    • (1982) Pediatr. Res. , vol.16 , pp. 45-49
    • Hernell, O.1    Holmgren, G.2    Jagell, F.3    Johnson, S.B.4    Holman, R.T.5
  • 72
    • 0018948075 scopus 로고
    • Effect of dietary protein level upon essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency
    • Hill, G. G., and Holman, R.T. (1980). Effect of dietary protein level upon essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency. J. Nutr. 110: 1057-1060.
    • (1980) J. Nutr. , vol.110 , pp. 1057-1060
    • Hill, G.G.1    Holman, R.T.2
  • 73
    • 0027246423 scopus 로고
    • Effects of supplementation with m3 long- chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on retinal and cortical development in permature infants
    • Hoffman, D.R., Birch, E.E., Birch, D.G., and Uauy, R.D. (1993). Effects of supplementation with m3 long- chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on retinal and cortical development in permature infants. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 57: 807S-812S.
    • (1993) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.57 , pp. 807S-812S
    • Hoffman, D.R.1    Birch, E.E.2    Birch, D.G.3    Uauy, R.D.4
  • 74
    • 72949141958 scopus 로고
    • The ratio of trienoic:Tetraenoic acids in tissue lipids as a measure of essential fatty acid requirement
    • Holman, R.T. (1960). The ratio of trienoic:tetraenoic acids in tissue lipids as a measure of essential fatty acid requirement. J. Nutr. 70: 405-410.
    • (1960) J. Nutr. , vol.70 , pp. 405-410
    • Holman, R.T.1
  • 75
  • 76
    • 0017325213 scopus 로고
    • Essential fatty acids in human nutrition
    • Holman, R.T. (1977). Essential fatty acids in human nutrition. Adv. Exp. Med. 88: 515-534.
    • (1977) Adv. Exp. Med. , vol.88 , pp. 515-534
    • Holman, R.T.1
  • 77
    • 0028937850 scopus 로고
    • Patients with anorexia nervosa demonstrate deficiencies of selected essential fatty acids, compensatory changes in nonessential fatty acids and decreased fluidity of plasma lipids
    • Holman, R.T., Adams, C.E., Nelson, R.A., Grater, S.J.E., Jaskiewicz, J.A., Johnson, S.B., and Holman, R.T. (1995). Patients with anorexia nervosa demonstrate deficiencies of selected essential fatty acids, compensatory changes in nonessential fatty acids and decreased fluidity of plasma lipids. J. Nutr. 125: 901-907.
    • (1995) J. Nutr. , vol.125 , pp. 901-907
    • Holman, R.T.1    Adams, C.E.2    Nelson, R.A.3    Grater, S.J.E.4    Jaskiewicz, J.A.5    Johnson, S.B.6    Holman, R.T.7
  • 79
    • 0020054169 scopus 로고
    • A case of human linolenic acid deficiency involving neurological abnormalities
    • Holman, R.T., Johnson, S.B., and Hatch, T.F. (1982). A case of human linolenic acid deficiency involving neurological abnormalities. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 35: 617-623.
    • (1982) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.35 , pp. 617-623
    • Holman, R.T.1    Johnson, S.B.2    Hatch, T.F.3
  • 80
    • 0018634670 scopus 로고
    • Effect of sex and age on fatty acid composition of human serum lipids
    • Holman, R.T., Smythe, L., and Johnson, S. (1979). Effect of sex and age on fatty acid composition of human serum lipids. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 32: 2390-2399.
    • (1979) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.32 , pp. 2390-2399
    • Holman, R.T.1    Smythe, L.2    Johnson, S.3
  • 81
    • 49149138950 scopus 로고
    • Is the triene/tetraene ratio always a valid indicator of functional essential fatty acid deficiency
    • Horrobin, D.F., and Cunnane, S.C. (1981). Is the triene/tetraene ratio always a valid indicator of functional essential fatty acid deficiency. Prog. Lipid Res. 20: 831-833.
    • (1981) Prog. Lipid Res. , vol.20 , pp. 831-833
    • Horrobin, D.F.1    Cunnane, S.C.2
  • 82
    • 0343635481 scopus 로고
    • Specific biological effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids
    • (A.J. Vergroesen, ed.), Academic Press, London
    • Houtsmuller, U.M.T. (1975). Specific biological effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids, in The Role of Fats in Human Nutrition (A.J. Vergroesen, ed.), Academic Press, London, pp. 331-351.
    • (1975) The Role of Fats in Human Nutrition , pp. 331-351
    • Houtsmuller, U.M.T.1
  • 83
    • 0037446755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish and long-chain omega-3 fatty acid intake and risk of coronary heart disease and total mortality in diabetic women
    • Hu, F.B., Cho, E., Rexrode, K.M., Albert, C.M., and Manson, J.E. (2003). Fish and long-chain omega-3 fatty acid intake and risk of coronary heart disease and total mortality in diabetic women. Circulation 107: 1852-1857.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107 , pp. 1852-1857
    • Hu, F.B.1    Cho, E.2    Rexrode, K.M.3    Albert, C.M.4    Manson, J.E.5
  • 84
    • 13944270939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-chain conversion of [13c]linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid in response to marked changes in their dietary intake in men
    • Hussein, N., Ah-Sing, E., Wilkinson, P., Leach, C., Griffin, B.A., and Millward, D.J. (2005). Long-chain conversion of [13C]linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid in response to marked changes in their dietary intake in men. J. Lipid Res. 46: 269-280.
    • (2005) J. Lipid Res. , vol.46 , pp. 269-280
    • Hussein, N.1    Ah-Sing, E.2    Wilkinson, P.3    Leach, C.4    Griffin, B.A.5    Millward, D.J.6
  • 85
    • 0034759727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversibility of n-3 fatty acid deficiency-induced alterations of learning behavior in the rat: Level of n-6 fatty acids as another critical factor
    • Ikemoto, A., Ohishi, M., Sato, Y., Hata, N., Misawa, Y., Fujii, Y., and Okuyama, H. (2001). Reversibility of n-3 fatty acid deficiency-induced alterations of learning behavior in the rat: level of n-6 fatty acids as another critical factor. J. Lipid Res. 42: 1655-1663.
    • (2001) J. Lipid Res. , vol.42 , pp. 1655-1663
    • Ikemoto, A.1    Ohishi, M.2    Sato, Y.3    Hata, N.4    Misawa, Y.5    Fujii, Y.6    Okuyama, H.7
  • 86
    • 0037304617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intakes of essential n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids among pregnant canadian women
    • Innis, S.M., and Elias, S.L. (2003). Intakes of essential n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids among pregnant Canadian women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 77: 473-478.
    • (2003) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.77 , pp. 473-478
    • Innis, S.M.1    Elias, S.L.2
  • 87
    • 0029902006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feeding formula without arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid has no effect on preferential looking acuity or recognition memory in healthy full-term infants at 9 mo of age
    • Innis, S.M., Nelson, C.M., Lwanga, D., Rioux, F.M., and Waslen, P. (1996). Feeding formula without arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid has no effect on preferential looking acuity or recognition memory in healthy full-term infants at 9 mo of age. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 64: 40-46.
    • (1996) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.64 , pp. 40-46
    • Innis, S.M.1    Nelson, C.M.2    Lwanga, D.3    Rioux, F.M.4    Waslen, P.5
  • 88
    • 35748977958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Academy Press, Washington, DC
    • Institute of Medicine of the National Academies (2005). In: Dietary Reference Intakes, National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
    • (2005) Dietary Reference Intakes
  • 90
    • 0038135045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of stearidonic acid in human subjects: Comparison with the metabolism of other n-3 fatty acids
    • James, M.J., Ursin, V.M., and Cleland, L.G. (2003). Metabolism of stearidonic acid in human subjects: comparison with the metabolism of other n-3 fatty acids. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 77: 1140-1145.
    • (2003) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.77 , pp. 1140-1145
    • James, M.J.1    Ursin, V.M.2    Cleland, L.G.3
  • 91
    • 0031046966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Essential fatty acid deficiency in patients with severe fat malabsorption
    • Jeppesen, P.B., Christensen, M.S., Hoy, C.E., and Mortensen, P.B. (1997). Essential fatty acid deficiency in patients with severe fat malabsorption. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 65: 837-843.
    • (1997) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.65 , pp. 837-843
    • Jeppesen, P.B.1    Christensen, M.S.2    Hoy, C.E.3    Mortensen, P.B.4
  • 92
    • 0037088677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The biochemistry of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
    • Jump, D.B. (2002). The biochemistry of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 8755-8758.
    • (2002) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.277 , pp. 8755-8758
    • Jump, D.B.1
  • 94
    • 0031023605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, and cognitive function in very old men
    • Kalmijn, S., Feskens, E.J.M., Launer, L.J., and Kromhout, D. (1997). Polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, and cognitive function in very old men. Am. J. Epidemiol. 145: 33-41.
    • (1997) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.145 , pp. 33-41
    • Kalmijn, S.1    Feskens, E.J.M.2    Launer, L.J.3    Kromhout, D.4
  • 95
    • 32044435148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From Fat to Fat-1: A tale of omega-3 fatty acids
    • Kang, J.X. (2005). From Fat to Fat-1: a tale of omega-3 fatty acids. J. Membrane Biol. 206: 165-172.
    • (2005) J. Membrane Biol. , vol.206 , pp. 165-172
    • Kang, J.X.1
  • 96
    • 0030711745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of the incorporation of dietary fatty acids into serum cholesteryl esters, erythrocyte membranes, and adipose tissue: An 18-month controlled study
    • Katan, M.B., Deslypere, J.P., van Birgelen, A.P., Penders, M., and Zegwaard, M. (1997). Kinetics of the incorporation of dietary fatty acids into serum cholesteryl esters, erythrocyte membranes, and adipose tissue: an 18-month controlled study. J. Lipid Res. 38: 2012-2022.
    • (1997) J. Lipid Res. , vol.38 , pp. 2012-2022
    • Katan, M.B.1    Deslypere, J.P.2    Van Birgelen, A.P.3    Penders, M.4    Zegwaard, M.5
  • 97
    • 11144350221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of 12/15-lipoxygenase, an ortholog of human 15-lipoxygenase-1, in the prostate tumors of tramp mice
    • Kelavkar, U.P., Glasgow, W., Olson, S.J., Foster, B.A., and Shappell, S.B. (2004). Overexpression of 12/15-lipoxygenase, an ortholog of human 15-lipoxygenase-1, in the prostate tumors of TRAMP mice. Neoplasia 6: 821-830.
    • (2004) Neoplasia , vol.6 , pp. 821-830
    • Kelavkar, U.P.1    Glasgow, W.2    Olson, S.J.3    Foster, B.A.4    Shappell, S.B.5
  • 98
    • 0025213081 scopus 로고
    • Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and eicosanoids: Potential effects on the modulation of inflammatory and immune cells: An overview
    • Kinsella, J.E., Lokesh, B., Broughton, K.S., and Whelan, J.W. (1990). Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and eicosanoids: potential effects on the modulation of inflammatory and immune cells: an overview. Nutrition 6: 24-44.
    • (1990) Nutrition , vol.6 , pp. 24-44
    • Kinsella, J.E.1    Lokesh, B.2    Broughton, K.S.3    Whelan, J.W.4
  • 99
    • 0006132932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acids and eicosanoids regulate gene expression through direct interactions with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors a and y
    • (USA)
    • Kliewer, S.A., Sundseth, S.S., Jones, S.A., et al. (1997). Fatty acids and eicosanoids regulate gene expression through direct interactions with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors a and y. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 94: 4318-4323.
    • (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , vol.94 , pp. 4318-4323
    • Kliewer, S.A.1    Sundseth, S.S.2    Jones, S.A.3
  • 100
    • 0022570447 scopus 로고
    • In vivo indexes of platelet and vascular function during fish-oil administration in patients with atherosclerosis
    • Knapp, H.R., Reilly, I.A.G., Alessandrini, P., and Fitzgerald, G.A. (1986). In vivo indexes of platelet and vascular function during fish-oil administration in patients with atherosclerosis. New Engl. J. Med. 314: 937-942.
    • (1986) New Engl. J. Med. , vol.314 , pp. 937-942
    • Knapp, H.R.1    Reilly, I.A.G.2    Alessandrini, P.3    Fitzgerald, G.A.4
  • 101
    • 0023394792 scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acid requirement
    • Koletzko, B. (1987). Omega-3 fatty acid requirement. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 46: 374-376.
    • (1987) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.46 , pp. 374-376
    • Koletzko, B.1
  • 102
    • 0037388948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid addition to infant formulae: Can one buy better vision and intelligence?
    • Koo, W.W. (2003). Efficacy and safety of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid addition to infant formulae: can one buy better vision and intelligence? J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 22: 101-107.
    • (2003) J. Am. Coll. Nutr. , vol.22 , pp. 101-107
    • Koo, W.W.1
  • 103
    • 0029168043 scopus 로고
    • Effects of high-dose fish oil on rheumatoid arthritis after stopping nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
    • Kremer, J.M., Lawrence, D.A., Petrillo, G.F., et al. (1995). Effects of high-dose fish oil on rheumatoid arthritis after stopping nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Arthritis Rheum. 38: 1107-1114.
    • (1995) Arthritis Rheum. , vol.38 , pp. 1107-1114
    • Kremer, J.M.1    Lawrence, D.A.2    Petrillo, G.F.3
  • 104
    • 0037137299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease
    • Kris-Etherton, P.M., Harris, W.S., and Appel, L.J. (2002). Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. Circulation 106: 2747-2757.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 2747-2757
    • Kris-Etherton, P.M.1    Harris, W.S.2    Appel, L.J.3
  • 106
    • 33645746044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generation of cloned transgenic pigs rich in omega-3 fatty acids
    • Lai, L., Kang, J.X., Li, R., et al. (2006). Generation of cloned transgenic pigs rich in omega-3 fatty acids. Nature Biotech. 24: 435-436.
    • (2006) Nature Biotech. , vol.24 , pp. 435-436
    • Lai, L.1    Kang, J.X.2    Li, R.3
  • 107
    • 0016887420 scopus 로고
    • A possible essential role for dietary linolenic acid in the development of the young rat
    • Lamptey, M.W., and Walker, B.L. (1976). A possible essential role for dietary linolenic acid in the development of the young rat. J. Nutr. 106: 86-93.
    • (1976) J. Nutr. , vol.106 , pp. 86-93
    • Lamptey, M.W.1    Walker, B.L.2
  • 108
    • 0018401163 scopus 로고
    • The biosynthesis and metabolism of prostaglandins
    • Lands, W.E.M. (1979). The biosynthesis and metabolism of prostaglandins. Ann. Rev. Physiol.41: 633-652.
    • (1979) Ann. Rev. Physiol. , vol.41 , pp. 633-652
    • Lands, W.E.M.1
  • 109
    • 0024354074 scopus 로고
    • N-3 fatty acids as precursors for active metabolic substances: Dissonance between expected and observed events
    • Lands, W.E.M. (1989). n-3 Fatty acids as precursors for active metabolic substances: dissonance between expected and observed events. J. Internal. Med. 225 (Suppl. 1): 11-20.
    • (1989) J. Internal. Med. , vol.225 , pp. 11-20
    • Lands, W.E.M.1
  • 110
    • 0030008063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thioesterification of platelet proteins with saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids
    • Laposata, M., and Muszbek, L. (1996). Thioesterification of platelet proteins with saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Lipids 31: S217-S221.
    • (1996) Lipids , vol.31 , pp. S217-S221
    • Laposata, M.1    Muszbek, L.2
  • 112
    • 0035183230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The essentiality of long chain n-3 fatty acids in relation to development and function of the brain and retina
    • Lauritzen, L., Hansen, H.S., Jorgensen, M.H., and Michaelsen, K.F. (2001). The essentiality of long chain n-3 fatty acids in relation to development and function of the brain and retina. Prog. Lipid Res.40: 1-94.
    • (2001) Prog. Lipid Res. , vol.40 , pp. 1-94
    • Lauritzen, L.1    Hansen, H.S.2    Jorgensen, M.H.3    Michaelsen, K.F.4
  • 115
    • 0028804587 scopus 로고
    • Development and characterization of essential fatty acid deficiency in human endothelial cells in culture
    • (USA)
    • Lerner, R., Lindstrom, P., Berg, A., Johansson, E., Rosendahl, and Palmblad, J. (1995). Development and characterization of essential fatty acid deficiency in human endothelial cells in culture. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA)92: 1147-1151.
    • (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , vol.92 , pp. 1147-1151
    • Lerner, R.1    Lindstrom, P.2    Berg, A.3    Johansson, E.4    Rosendahl, E.5    Palmblad, J.6
  • 116
    • 0028080515 scopus 로고
    • Antithetic relationship of dietary arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid on eicosanoid production
    • Li, B., Birdwell, C., and Whelan, J. (1994). Antithetic relationship of dietary arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid on eicosanoid production in vivo. J. Lipid Res.35: 1869-1877.
    • (1994) J. Lipid Res. , vol.35 , pp. 1869-1877
    • Li, B.1    Birdwell, C.2    Whelan, J.3
  • 117
    • 27444440394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ω is required for feedback regulation of highly unsaturated fatty acid synthesis
    • Li, Y., Takayuki, Y., and Nakamura, M.T. (2005). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ω is required for feedback regulation of highly unsaturated fatty acid synthesis. J. Lipid Res.46: 2432-2440.
    • (2005) J. Lipid Res. , vol.46 , pp. 2432-2440
    • Li, Y.1    Takayuki, Y.2    Nakamura, M.T.3
  • 118
    • 0035903208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneous fatty acylation of src family kinases with polyunsaturated fatty acids regulates raft localization and signal transduction
    • Liang, X., Nazarian, A., Erdjument-Bromage, H., Bornmann, W., Tempst, P., and Resh, M.D. (2001). Heterogeneous fatty acylation of src family kinases with polyunsaturated fatty acids regulates raft localization and signal transduction. J. Biol. Chem.276: 30987-30994.
    • (2001) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.276 , pp. 30987-30994
    • Liang, X.1    Nazarian, A.2    Erdjument-Bromage, H.3    Bornmann, W.4    Tempst, P.5    Resh, M.D.6
  • 119
    • 0035174423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyunsaturated fatty acids and infant growth
    • Lipillone, A., and Carlson, S.A. (2001). Polyunsaturated fatty acids and infant growth. Lipids36: 901-911.
    • (2001) Lipids , vol.36 , pp. 901-911
    • Lipillone, A.1    Carlson, S.A.2
  • 121
    • 33845330338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ChemoPreventive effects of omega-3 fatty acids
    • Vol I: Promising Cancer ChemoPreventive Agents; G.J. Kelloff, E.T. Hawk, and C.C. Sigman, eds.), Humana Press, Totowa, NJ
    • Lupton, R.S., and Chapkin, R.S. (2004). ChemoPreventive effects of Omega-3 fatty acids, in Cancer Chemo Prevention; Vol I: Promising Cancer Chemo Preventive Agents (G.J. Kelloff, E.T. Hawk, and C.C. Sigman, eds.), Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, pp. 591-608.
    • (2004) Cancer Chemo Prevention , vol.1 , pp. 591-608
    • Lupton, R.S.1    Chapkin, R.S.2
  • 122
    • 6944240423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • n-3 PUFA alter caveolae lipid composition and resident protein localization in mouse colon
    • e-print 10.1096/fj.o3-0604fje
    • Ma, D.W., Seo, J., Davidson, L.A., Callaway, E.S., Fan, Y.Y., Lupton, J.R., and Chapkin, R.S. (2004b). n-3 PUFA alter caveolae lipid composition and resident protein localization in mouse colon. FASEB J. e-print 10.1096/fj.o3-0604fje, 18: 1040-1042.
    • FASEB J. , vol.18 , pp. 1040-1042
    • Ma, D.W.1    Seo, J.2    Davidson, L.A.3    Callaway, E.S.4    Fan, Y.Y.5    Lupton, J.R.6    Chapkin, R.S.7
  • 124
    • 0028832583 scopus 로고
    • The arachidonic acid content of the Australian diet is lower than Previously estimated
    • Mann, N.J., Johnson, L.G., Warrick, G.E., and Sinclair, A.J. (1995). The arachidonic acid content of the Australian diet is lower than Previously estimated. J. Nutr. 125: 2528-2535.
    • (1995) J. Nutr. , vol.125 , pp. 2528-2535
    • Mann, N.J.1    Johnson, L.G.2    Warrick, G.E.3    Sinclair, A.J.4
  • 125
    • 0028831871 scopus 로고
    • Differences exist in the relationships between dietary linoleic acid and α-linolenic acids and their respective long-chain metabolites
    • Mantzioris, E., James, M.J., Gibson, R.A., and Cleland, L.G. (1995). Differences exist in the relationships between dietary linoleic acid and α-linolenic acids and their respective long-chain metabolites. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.61: 320-324.
    • (1995) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.61 , pp. 320-324
    • Mantzioris, E.1    James, M.J.2    Gibson, R.A.3    Cleland, L.G.4
  • 126
    • 0028118558 scopus 로고
    • The influence of different amounts of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on bleeding time and in vivo vascular reactivity
    • Mark, G., and Sanders, T.A. (1994). The influence of different amounts of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on bleeding time and in vivo vascular reactivity. Br. J. Nutr.71: 43-52.
    • (1994) Br. J. Nutr. , vol.71 , pp. 43-52
    • Mark, G.1    Sanders, T.A.2
  • 127
    • 15444373653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 6 preferentially promotes dha metabolism
    • Marszalek, J.R., Kitidis, C., DiRusso, C.C., and Lodish, H.F. (2005). Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 6 preferentially promotes DHA metabolism. J. Biol. Chem.280: 10817-10826.
    • (2005) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.280 , pp. 10817-10826
    • Marszalek, J.R.1    Kitidis, C.2    DiRusso, C.C.3    Lodish, H.F.4
  • 128
    • 0025039469 scopus 로고
    • Severe deficiency of docosahexaenoic acid in peroxisomal disorders: A defect in a4 desaturation?
    • Martinez, M. (1990). Severe deficiency of docosahexaenoic acid in peroxisomal disorders: a defect in Δ4 desaturation? Neurology40: 1292-1298.
    • (1990) Neurology , vol.40 , pp. 1292-1298
    • Martinez, M.1
  • 129
    • 0021739394 scopus 로고
    • The non-eicosanoid functions of the essential fatty acids
    • Mead, J.F. (1984). The non-eicosanoid functions of the essential fatty acids. J. Lipid Res.25: 1517-1521.
    • (1984) J. Lipid Res. , vol.25 , pp. 1517-1521
    • Mead, J.F.1
  • 130
    • 24044480353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is docosahexaenoic acid, an n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, required for development of normal brain function? An overview of evidence from cognitive and behavioral tests in humans and animals
    • McCann, J.C., and Ames, B.N. (2005). Is docosahexaenoic acid, an n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, required for development of normal brain function? An overview of evidence from cognitive and behavioral tests in humans and animals. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 82: 281-295.
    • (2005) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.82 , pp. 281-295
    • McCann, J.C.1    Ames, B.N.2
  • 131
    • 0344590291 scopus 로고
    • Facts about linoleic acid metabolic fate during PUFA rich diets in humans
    • (M.S. Halpern, ed.), Elsevier Press
    • Mendy, F., Lasserre, M., Piganeau, P., Speilman, D., and Jacotot, B. (1986). Facts about linoleic acid metabolic fate during PUFA rich diets in humans, in Lipid Metabolism and Its Pathology (M.S. Halpern, ed.), Elsevier Press, pp. 213-223.
    • (1986) Lipid Metabolism and Its Pathology , pp. 213-223
    • Mendy, F.1    Lasserre, M.2    Piganeau, P.3    Speilman, D.4    Jacotot, B.5
  • 132
    • 0020440027 scopus 로고
    • Essential fatty acid deficiency and brain development
    • Menon, N.K., and Dhopeshwarkar, D. (1982). Essential fatty acid deficiency and brain development. Prog. Lipid Res.21: 309-326.
    • (1982) Prog. Lipid Res. , vol.21 , pp. 309-326
    • Menon, N.K.1    Dhopeshwarkar, D.2
  • 133
    • 0025174985 scopus 로고
    • Dietary supplementation with oils rich in (N-3) and (n-6) fatty acids influences in vivo levels of epidermal lipoxygenase products in guinea pigs
    • Miller, C.C., Ziboh, V.A., Wong, T., and Fletcher, M.P. (1990). Dietary supplementation with oils rich in (n-3) and (n-6) fatty acids influences in vivo levels of epidermal lipoxygenase products in guinea pigs. J. Nutr.1210: 36-44.
    • (1990) J. Nutr. , vol.1210 , pp. 36-44
    • Miller, C.C.1    Ziboh, V.A.2    Wong, T.3    Fletcher, M.P.4
  • 134
    • 78651165832 scopus 로고
    • The effect of dose level of essential acids upon fatty acid composition of the rat liver
    • Mohrhauer, H., and Holman, R.T. (1963). The effect of dose level of essential acids upon fatty acid composition of the rat liver. J. Lipid Res.4: 151-159.
    • (1963) J. Lipid Res. , vol.4 , pp. 151-159
    • Mohrhauer, H.1    Holman, R.T.2
  • 135
    • 0141987924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recovery of brain docosahexaenoate leads to recovery of spatial task performance
    • Moriguchi, T., and Salem, N. (2003). Recovery of brain docosahexaenoate leads to recovery of spatial task performance. J. Neurochem.87: 297-309.
    • (2003) J. Neurochem. , vol.87 , pp. 297-309
    • Moriguchi, T.1    Salem, N.2
  • 136
    • 17644419995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain arachidonic acid incorporation is decreased in heart fatty acid binding protein gene-ablated mice
    • Murphy, E.J., Owada, Y., Kitanaka, N., Kondo, H., and Glatz, J.F. (2005). Brain arachidonic acid incorporation is decreased in heart fatty acid binding protein gene-ablated mice. Biochemistry 44: 6350-6360.
    • (2005) Biochemistry , vol.44 , pp. 6350-6360
    • Murphy, E.J.1    Owada, Y.2    Kitanaka, N.3    Kondo, H.4    Glatz, J.F.5
  • 137
    • 0018143005 scopus 로고
    • Reappraisal of linoleic acid requirements of the young infant, with particular regard to use of modified cows’ milk formulae
    • Naismith, D.S., Deeprose, S.P., Supramaniam, G., and Williams, M.S.H. (1978). Reappraisal of linoleic acid requirements of the young infant, with particular regard to use of modified cows’ milk formulae. Arch. Dis. Childhood.53: 845-849.
    • (1978) Arch. Dis. Childhood. , vol.53 , pp. 845-849
    • Naismith, D.S.1    Deeprose, S.P.2    Supramaniam, G.3    Williams, M.S.H.4
  • 138
    • 3142753961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure, function, and dietary regulation of A6, A5, and A9 desaturases
    • Nakamura, M.T., and Nara, T.Y. (2004). Structure, function, and dietary regulation of A6, A5, and A9 desaturases. Annu. Rev. Nutr.24: 345-376.
    • (2004) Annu. Rev. Nutr. , vol.24 , pp. 345-376
    • Nakamura, M.T.1    Nara, T.Y.2
  • 139
    • 0019207472 scopus 로고
    • Supply of polyenoic fatty acids to the mammalian brain
    • Naughton, J.M. (1981). Supply of polyenoic fatty acids to the mammalian brain. Int. J. Biochem.13: 21-32.
    • (1981) Int. J. Biochem. , vol.13 , pp. 21-32
    • Naughton, J.M.1
  • 140
    • 0028143451 scopus 로고
    • The role of n-3 fatty acids in visual and cognitive development: Current evidence and methods of assessment
    • Neuringer, M., Reisbick, S., and Janowsky, J. (1994). The role of n-3 fatty acids in visual and cognitive development: current evidence and methods of assessment. J. Pediatr.125: S39-S47.
    • (1994) J. Pediatr. , vol.125 , pp. S39-S47
    • Neuringer, M.1    Reisbick, S.2    Janowsky, J.3
  • 141
    • 0014138714 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of linoleic acid 1-14C in normolipemic and hyperlipemic humans fed linoleate diets
    • Nichaman, M.Z., Olson, R.E., and Sweeley, C.C. (1967). Metabolism of linoleic acid 1-14C in normolipemic and hyperlipemic humans fed linoleate diets. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.20: 1070-1083.
    • (1967) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.20 , pp. 1070-1083
    • Nichaman, M.Z.1    Olson, R.E.2    Sweeley, C.C.3
  • 142
    • 0030418365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary fatty acids- the n-6/n-3 balance and chronic elderly diseases. Excess linoleic acid and relative n-3 deficiency syndrome seen in japan
    • Okuyama, H., Kobayashi, T., and Watanabe, S. (1997). Dietary fatty acids- the n-6/n-3 balance and chronic elderly diseases. Excess linoleic acid and relative n-3 deficiency syndrome seen in Japan. Prog. Lipid Res.35: 409-457.
    • (1997) Prog. Lipid Res. , vol.35 , pp. 409-457
    • Okuyama, H.1    Kobayashi, T.2    Watanabe, S.3
  • 143
    • 0034884757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological compartmental analysis of alpha-linolenic acid metabolism in adult humans
    • Pawlosky, R.J., Hibbeln, J.R., Novotny, J.A., and Salem, N. (2001). Physiological compartmental analysis of alpha-linolenic acid metabolism in adult humans. J. Lipid Res.42: 1257-1265.
    • (2001) J. Lipid Res. , vol.42 , pp. 1257-1265
    • Pawlosky, R.J.1    Hibbeln, J.R.2    Novotny, J.A.3    Salem, N.4
  • 145
    • 0002244113 scopus 로고
    • Effect of linoleic acid upon the metabolism of linolenic acid
    • Rahm, J.J., and Holman, R.T. (1964). Effect of linoleic acid upon the metabolism of linolenic acid. J. Nutr.84: 15-19.
    • (1964) J. Nutr. , vol.84 , pp. 15-19
    • Rahm, J.J.1    Holman, R.T.2
  • 147
    • 0030783119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyunsaturated fatty acid suppression of hepatic fatty acid synthase and S14 gene expression does not require peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor α
    • Ren, B., Thelen, A.P., Peters, J.M., Gonzalez, F.J., and Jump, D.B. (1997). Polyunsaturated fatty acid suppression of hepatic fatty acid synthase and S14 gene expression does not require peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor α. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 26827-26832.
    • (1997) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.272 , pp. 26827-26832
    • Ren, B.1    Thelen, A.P.2    Peters, J.M.3    Gonzalez, F.J.4    Jump, D.B.5
  • 148
    • 0021190291 scopus 로고
    • On the essentiality of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
    • Rivers, J.P.W. (1984). On the essentiality of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Br. J. Clin. Prac. 38(Suppl. 31): 100-110.
    • (1984) Br. J. Clin. Prac. , vol.38 , pp. 100-110
    • Rivers, J.P.W.1
  • 149
  • 150
    • 0023083465 scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid metabolism of isolated mammalian cells
    • Rosenthal, M.D. (1987). Fatty acid metabolism of isolated mammalian cells. Prog. Lipid Res.26: 87-124.
    • (1987) Prog. Lipid Res. , vol.26 , pp. 87-124
    • Rosenthal, M.D.1
  • 152
    • 0039369595 scopus 로고
    • Membrane docosahexaenoate is supplied to the developing brain and retina by the liver
    • Scott, B.L., and Bazan, N.G. (1989). Membrane docosahexaenoate is supplied to the developing brain and retina by the liver. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.86: 2903-2907.
    • (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , vol.86 , pp. 2903-2907
    • Scott, B.L.1    Bazan, N.G.2
  • 153
    • 33646254135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • e-print 10.1096/fj.05-4683fje
    • Seo, J., Barhoumi, R., Johnson, A.E., Lupton, J.R., and Chapkin, R.S. (2006). Docosahexaenoic acid selectively inhibits plasma membrane targeting of lipidated proteins. FASEB J. e-print 10.1096/fj.05-4683fje, 20: 770-772.
    • (2006) FASEB J. , pp. 770-772
    • Seo, J.1    Barhoumi, R.2    Johnson, A.E.3    Lupton, J.R.4    Chapkin, R.S.5
  • 154
    • 11044221394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel ra-3-derived local mediators in anti-inflammation and resolution
    • Serhan, C.N. (2005). Novel ra-3-derived local mediators in anti-inflammation and resolution. Pharmacol. Therap. 105: 7-21.
    • (2005) Pharmacol. Therap. , vol.105 , pp. 7-21
    • Serhan, C.N.1
  • 155
    • 30044449982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resolution of inflammation: The beginning programs the end
    • Serhan, C.N., and Savill, J. (2005). Resolution of inflammation: the beginning programs the end. Nature Immunol. 6: 1191-1197.
    • (2005) Nature Immunol. , vol.6 , pp. 1191-1197
    • Serhan, C.N.1    Savill, J.2
  • 156
    • 0030477748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linoleate, a-linolenate, and docosahexaenoate recycling into saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids is a major pathway in pregnant or lactating adults and fetal or infant rhesus monkeys
    • Sheaff, G., Zhang, Q., Goodman, K.J., Giussani, D.A., Nathanielsz, and Brenna, J.T. (1996). Linoleate, a-linolenate, and docosahexaenoate recycling into saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids is a major pathway in pregnant or lactating adults and fetal or infant rhesus monkeys. J. Lipid Res. 37: 2675-2686.
    • (1996) J. Lipid Res. , vol.37 , pp. 2675-2686
    • Sheaff, G.1    Zhang, Q.2    Goodman, K.J.3    Giussani, D.A.4    Brenna, J.T.5
  • 157
    • 0029958947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of essential fatty acid deficiency in patients with chronic gastrointestinal disorders
    • Siguel, E.N., and Lerman, R.H. (1996). Prevalence of essential fatty acid deficiency in patients with chronic gastrointestinal disorders. Metabolism 45: 12-23.
    • (1996) Metabolism , vol.45 , pp. 12-23
    • Siguel, E.N.1    Lerman, R.H.2
  • 158
    • 0023222732 scopus 로고
    • Relative activity of unsaturated fatty acid metabolic pathways in humans
    • Siguel, E.N., and Maclure, M. (1987). Relative activity of unsaturated fatty acid metabolic pathways in humans. Metabolism 36: 664-669.
    • (1987) Metabolism , vol.36 , pp. 664-669
    • Siguel, E.N.1    Maclure, M.2
  • 160
    • 0024539007 scopus 로고
    • Summary of the nato advanced research workshop on dietary ra3 and ra6 fatty acids: Biological effects and nutritional essentiality
    • Simopoulos, A.P. (1989b). Summary of the NATO advanced research workshop on dietary ra3 and ra6 fatty acids: biological effects and nutritional essentiality. J. Nutr.119: 521-528.
    • (1989) J. Nutr. , vol.119 , pp. 521-528
    • Simopoulos, A.P.1
  • 161
    • 12644278297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of fatty acids in gene expression: Health implications
    • Simopoulos, A.P. (1996). The role of fatty acids in gene expression: health implications. Ann. Nutr. Metab.40: 303-311.
    • (1996) Ann. Nutr. Metab. , vol.40 , pp. 303-311
    • Simopoulos, A.P.1
  • 162
    • 15044339422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclooxygenases, peroxide tone and allure of fish oil
    • Smith, W.L. (2005). Cyclooxygenases, peroxide tone and allure of fish oil. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol.17: 174-182.
    • (2005) Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. , vol.17 , pp. 174-182
    • Smith, W.L.1
  • 163
    • 0019239264 scopus 로고
    • Lipid nutrition and metabolism of cultured mammalian cells
    • Spector, A.A., Mathur, S.N., Kaduce, T.L., and Hyman, B.T. (1981). Lipid nutrition and metabolism of cultured mammalian cells. Prog. Lipid Res.19: 155-186.
    • (1981) Prog. Lipid Res. , vol.19 , pp. 155-186
    • Spector, A.A.1    Mathur, S.N.2    Kaduce, T.L.3    Hyman, B.T.4
  • 164
    • 0019744479 scopus 로고
    • Biochemistry of essential fatty acids
    • Sprecher, H. (1981). Biochemistry of essential fatty acids. Prog. Lipid Res. 20: 13-22.
    • (1981) Prog. Lipid Res. , vol.20 , pp. 13-22
    • Sprecher, H.1
  • 165
    • 0034686664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of highly unsaturated n-3 and n-6 fatty acids
    • Sprecher, H. (2000). Metabolism of highly unsaturated n-3 and n-6 fatty acids. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1486: 219-231.
    • (2000) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1486 , pp. 219-231
    • Sprecher, H.1
  • 166
    • 0029589279 scopus 로고
    • Reevaluation of the pathways for the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids
    • Sprecher, H., Luthria, D.L., Mohammed, B.S., and Baykousheva, S.P. (1995). Reevaluation of the pathways for the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids. J. Lipid Res.36: 2471-2477.
    • (1995) J. Lipid Res. , vol.36 , pp. 2471-2477
    • Sprecher, H.1    Luthria, D.L.2    Mohammed, B.S.3    Baykousheva, S.P.4
  • 168
    • 0028825359 scopus 로고
    • Functional and ultrastructural effects of essential fatty acid deficiency in kidney epithelial cells
    • Stoll, L.L., and Spector, A.A. (1995). Functional and ultrastructural effects of essential fatty acid deficiency in kidney epithelial cells. Lipids 30: 1093-1103.
    • (1995) Lipids , vol.30 , pp. 1093-1103
    • Stoll, L.L.1    Spector, A.A.2
  • 170
    • 0347319575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunomodulation by polyunsaturated fatty acids: Mechanisms and effects
    • Stulnig, T.M. (2003). Immunomodulation by polyunsaturated fatty acids: mechanisms and effects. Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol.132: 310-321.
    • (2003) Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol , vol.132 , pp. 310-321
    • Stulnig, T.M.1
  • 171
    • 0142010520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of human A-6 desaturase gene transcription: Identification of a functional direct repeat-1 element
    • Tang, C., Cho, H.P., Nakamura, M.T., and Clarke, S.D. (2003). Regulation of human A-6 desaturase gene transcription: identification of a functional direct repeat-1 element. J. Lipid Res.44: 686-695.
    • (2003) J. Lipid Res. , vol.44 , pp. 686-695
    • Tang, C.1    Cho, H.P.2    Nakamura, M.T.3    Clarke, S.D.4
  • 172
    • 0037373087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intakes of fish and marine fatty acids and the risks of cancers of the breast and prostate and of other hormone-related cancers: A review of the epidemiologic evidence
    • Terry, P.D., Rohan, T.E., and Wolk, A. (2003). Intakes of fish and marine fatty acids and the risks of cancers of the breast and prostate and of other hormone-related cancers: a review of the epidemiologic evidence. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.77: 532-543.
    • (2003) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.77 , pp. 532-543
    • Terry, P.D.1    Rohan, T.E.2    Wolk, A.3
  • 173
    • 0020010537 scopus 로고
    • Dietary requirements and functions of α-linolenic acid in animals
    • Tinoco, J. (1982). Dietary requirements and functions of α-linolenic acid in animals. Prog. Lipid Res. 21: 1-45.
    • (1982) Prog. Lipid Res. , vol.21 , pp. 1-45
    • Tinoco, J.1
  • 175
    • 0029960056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of essential fatty acids in the function of the developing nervous system
    • Uauy, R., Peirano, P., Hoffman, D., Mena, P., Birch, D., and Birch, E. (1996). Role of essential fatty acids in the function of the developing nervous system. Lipids 31: S167-S176.
    • (1996) Lipids , vol.31 , pp. S167-S176
    • Uauy, R.1    Peirano, P.2    Hoffman, D.3    Mena, P.4    Birch, D.5    Birch, E.6
  • 176
    • 0344306475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modification of plant lipids for human health: Development of functional land-based omega-3 fatty acids
    • Ursin, V.M. (2003). Modification of plant lipids for human health: development of functional land-based omega-3 fatty acids. J. Nutr. 133: 4271-4274.
    • (2003) J. Nutr. , vol.133 , pp. 4271-4274
    • Ursin, V.M.1
  • 178
    • 0030788082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incorporation of n-3 fatty acids into plasma lipid fractions, and erythrocyte membranes and platelets during dietary supplementation with fish, fish oil, and docosahexaenoic acid-rich oil among healthy young men
    • Vidgren, H.M., Agren, J.J., Schwab, U., Rissanen, T., Hanninen, O., and Uusitupa, M.I. (1997). Incorporation of n-3 fatty acids into plasma lipid fractions, and erythrocyte membranes and platelets during dietary supplementation with fish, fish oil, and docosahexaenoic acid-rich oil among healthy young men. Lipids32: 697-705.
    • (1997) Lipids , vol.32 , pp. 697-705
    • Vidgren, H.M.1    Agren, J.J.2    Schwab, U.3    Rissanen, T.4    Hanninen, O.5    Uusitupa, M.I.6
  • 179
    • 0034747178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [13C]Linoleic acid oxidation and transfer into milk in stunted lactating women with contrasting body mass indexes
    • VillaLPAndo, S., Del Prado, M., Lance, A., Alfonso, E., Rodriguez, M., Demmelmair, H., and Koletzko, B. (2001). [13C]Linoleic acid oxidation and transfer into milk in stunted lactating women with contrasting body mass indexes. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 74: 827-832.
    • (2001) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.74 , pp. 827-832
    • VillaLPAndo, S.1    Del Prado, M.2    Lance, A.3    Alfonso, E.4    Rodriguez, M.5    Demmelmair, H.6    Koletzko, B.7
  • 180
    • 0033613826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T lymphocyte costimulation mediated by reorganization of membrane microdomains
    • Viola, A., Schroeder, S., Sakakibara, Y., and Lanzavecchia, A. (1999). T lymphocyte costimulation mediated by reorganization of membrane microdomains. Science 283: 680-682.
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 680-682
    • Viola, A.1    Schroeder, S.2    Sakakibara, Y.3    Lanzavecchia, A.4
  • 181
    • 0022411156 scopus 로고
    • Long term effects of dietary marine ω-3 fatty acids upon plasma and cellular lipids, platelet function, and eicosanoid formation in humans
    • von Schacky, C., Fischer, S., and Weber, P.C. (1985). Long term effects of dietary marine ω-3 fatty acids upon plasma and cellular lipids, platelet function, and eicosanoid formation in humans. J. Clin. Invest.76: 1626-1631.
    • (1985) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.76 , pp. 1626-1631
    • Von Schacky, C.1    Fischer, S.2    Weber, P.C.3
  • 182
    • 0347087225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclooxygenase 2-derived prostaglandin e2 regulates the angiogenic switch
    • (USA)
    • Wang, D., and DuBois, R.N. (2004). Cyclooxygenase 2-derived prostaglandin E2 regulates the angiogenic switch. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA)101: 415-416.
    • (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , vol.101 , pp. 415-416
    • Wang, D.1    DuBois, R.N.2
  • 183
    • 33644881910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid composition and estimated desaturase activities are associated with obesity and lifestyle variables in men and women
    • Warensjo, E., Ohrvall, M., and Vessby, B. (2006). Fatty acid composition and estimated desaturase activities are associated with obesity and lifestyle variables in men and women. Nutr. Metab. Cardio. Dis.16: 128-136.
    • (2006) Nutr. Metab. Cardio. Dis. , vol.16 , pp. 128-136
    • Warensjo, E.1    Ohrvall, M.2    Vessby, B.3
  • 184
    • 0034614557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of protein palmitoylation, raft localization, and t cell signaling by 2-bromopalmitate and polyunsaturated fatty acids
    • Webb, Y., Hermida-Matsumoto, L., and Resh, M.D. (2000). Inhibition of protein palmitoylation, raft localization, and T cell signaling by 2-bromopalmitate and polyunsaturated fatty acids. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 261-270.
    • (2000) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.275 , pp. 261-270
    • Webb, Y.1    Hermida-Matsumoto, L.2    Resh, M.D.3
  • 185
    • 0016822781 scopus 로고
    • Visual membranes: Specificity of fatty acid precursors for the electrical response to illumination
    • Wheeler, T.G., Benolken, R.M., and Anderson, R.E. (1975). Visual membranes: specificity of fatty acid precursors for the electrical response to illumination. Science 27: 1312-1314.
    • (1975) Science , vol.27 , pp. 1312-1314
    • Wheeler, T.G.1    Benolken, R.M.2    Anderson, R.E.3
  • 186
    • 9744279076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary (N-6) pufa and intestinal tumorigenesis
    • Whelan, J., and McEntee, M.F. (2004). Dietary (n-6) PUFA and intestinal tumorigenesis. J. Nutr. 134: 3421S-3426S.
    • (2004) J. Nutr. , vol.134 , pp. 3421S-3426S
    • Whelan, J.1    McEntee, M.F.2
  • 187
    • 33646853723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formula supplemented with docosa- hexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA): A critical review of the research
    • Wright, K., Coverston, C., Tiedeman, M., and Abegglen, J.A. (2006). Formula supplemented with docosa- hexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA): A critical review of the research. J. Spec. Pediatr. Nurs. 11: 100-112.
    • (2006) J. Spec. Pediatr. Nurs. , vol.11 , pp. 100-112
    • Wright, K.1    Coverston, C.2    Tiedeman, M.3    Abegglen, J.A.4
  • 188
    • 0032101348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Membrane compartmentalization is required for efficient T cell activation
    • Xavier, R., Brennan, T., Li, Q., McComack, C., and Seed, B. (1998). Membrane compartmentalization is required for efficient T cell activation. Immunity 8: 723-732.
    • (1998) Immunity , vol.8 , pp. 723-732
    • Xavier, R.1    Brennan, T.2    Li, Q.3    McComack, C.4    Seed, B.5
  • 189
    • 0033105510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular recognition of fatty acids by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
    • Xu, H.E., Lambert, M.H., Montana, V.G., et al. (1999). Molecular recognition of fatty acids by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. Mol. Cell 3: 397-403.
    • (1999) Mol. Cell , vol.3 , pp. 397-403
    • Xu, H.E.1    Lambert, M.H.2    Montana, V.G.3
  • 190
    • 0023098559 scopus 로고
    • Effect of dietary a-linolenate/linoleate balance on brain lipid compositions and learning ability of rats
    • Yamamoto, N., Saitoh, M., Moriuchi, A., Nomura, M., and Okuyama, H. (1987). Effect of dietary a-linolenate/linoleate balance on brain lipid compositions and learning ability of rats. J. Lipid Res. 28: 144-155.
    • (1987) J. Lipid Res. , vol.28 , pp. 144-155
    • Yamamoto, N.1    Saitoh, M.2    Moriuchi, A.3    Nomura, M.4    Okuyama, H.5
  • 191
    • 0023728910 scopus 로고
    • Effect of the dietary a-linolenate/linoleate balance on lipid composition and learning ability of rats. II. Discrimination process, extinction process, and glycolipid composition
    • Yamamoto, N., Hasimoto, A., Takemoto, Y., Okuyama, H., Nomura, M., Kitajima, R., Togashi, T., and Tamai, Y. (1988). Effect of the dietary a-linolenate/linoleate balance on lipid composition and learning ability of rats. II. Discrimination process, extinction process, and glycolipid composition. J. Lipid Res. 29: 1013-1021.
    • (1988) J. Lipid Res. , vol.29 , pp. 1013-1021
    • Yamamoto, N.1    Hasimoto, A.2    Takemoto, Y.3    Okuyama, H.4    Nomura, M.5    Kitajima, R.6    Togashi, T.7    Tamai, Y.8
  • 194
    • 0034759434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sources of eicosanoid precursor fatty acid pools in tissues
    • Zhou, L., and Nilsson, A. (2001). Sources of eicosanoid precursor fatty acid pools in tissues. J. Lipid Res.42: 1521-1542.
    • (2001) J. Lipid Res. , vol.42 , pp. 1521-1542
    • Zhou, L.1    Nilsson, A.2
  • 195
    • 0024194828 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism and function of skin lipids
    • Ziboh, V.A., and Chapkin, R.S. (1988). Metabolism and function of skin lipids. Prog. Lipid Res.27: 81-105.
    • (1988) Prog. Lipid Res. , vol.27 , pp. 81-105
    • Ziboh, V.A.1    Chapkin, R.S.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.