Drug discovery targeting the chemokine system - Where are we

Frontiers in Bioscience - Elite

Volumn 1 E, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 209-219

  Horuk, Richard ^a   Proudfoot, Amanda E I ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b Merck Serono Geneva Research Centre   (United States)

Author keywords

Chemokine; Chemokine receptor; HIV; Inflammation; Review; Small molecule inhibitors

Indexed keywords

CHEMOKINE; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR; G PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTOR; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY;

ANIMAL; COMMUNICABLE DISEASE; DRUG ANTAGONISM; DRUG DESIGN; DRUG DEVELOPMENT; DRUG EFFECT; GENETICS; HUMAN; METABOLISM; METHODOLOGY; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; MOUSE; NEOPLASM; PHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

ANIMALS; ANTIBODIES, NEUTRALIZING; CHEMOKINES; COMMUNICABLE DISEASES; DRUG DESIGN; DRUG DISCOVERY; EVOLUTION, MOLECULAR; HUMANS; MICE; NEOPLASMS; RECEPTORS, CHEMOKINE; RECEPTORS, G-PROTEIN-COUPLED; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

EID: 77949331986     PISSN: 19450494     EISSN: 19450508     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Rollins, B. J. Chemokines Blood 90:909-928 (1997) (Pubitemid 27314123)
2. Luster, A. D. Chemokines-chemotactic cytokines that mediate inflammation New England Journal of Medicine 338:436-445. (1998) (Pubitemid 28135672)
3. Moser, B., M. Wolf, A. Walz, and P. Loetscher. Chemokines: multiple levels of leukocyte migration control Trends Immunol. 25:75-84. (2004) (Pubitemid 38167488)
4. Zlotnik, A. and O. Yoshie. Chemokines: a new classification system and their role in immunity Immunity 12:121-127. (2000) (Pubitemid 30398626)
5. Sorensen, T. L., M. Tani, J. Jensen, V. Pierce, C. Lucchinetti, V. A. Q. Folcik, J. Rottman, F. Sellebjerg, R. M. Strieter, and J. L. R. Frederiksen. Expression of specific chemokines and chemokine receptors in the central nervous system of multiple sclerosis patients J. Clin. Invest. 103:807-815. (1999) (Pubitemid 29152626)
6. Balashov, K. E., J. B. Rottman, H. L. Weiner, and W. W. Hancock. CCR5 (+) and CXCR3 (+) T cells are increased in multiple sclerosis and their ligands MIP-1 alpha and IP-10 are expressed in demyelinating brain lesions Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 96:6873-6878. (1999) (Pubitemid 29274977)
7. Lilly, C. M., H. Nakamura, H. Kesselman, C. Nagler-Anderson, K. Asano, E. A. Garcia-Zepeda, M. E. Rothenberg, J. M. Drazen, and A. D. Luster. Expression of eotaxin by human lung epithelial cells - induction by cytokines and inhibition by glucocorticoids J. Clin. Invest. 99:1767-1773. (1997) (Pubitemid 27163829)
8. Holgate, S. T., K. S. Bodey, A. Janezic, A. J. Frew, A. P. Kaplan, and L. M. Teran. Release of RANTES, MIP-1 alpha, and MCP-1 into asthmatic airways following endobronchial allergen challenge Am J Respir Crit Care Med 156:1377-1383. (1997) (Pubitemid 27505497)
9. Brown, J. R., J. Kleimberg, M. Marini, G. Sun, A. Bellini, and S. Mattoli. Kinetics of eotaxin expression and its relationship to eosinophil accumulation and activation in bronchial biopsies and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of asthmatic patients after allergen inhalation Clin. Exp. Immunol. 114:137-146. (1998) (Pubitemid 28505710)
10. Berahovich, R. D., Z. Miao, Y. Wang, B. Premack, M. C. Howard, and T. J. Schall. Proteolytic activation of alternative CCR1 ligands in inflammation J. Immunol. 174:7341-7351. (2005) (Pubitemid 40705704)
11. Kennedy, K. J., R. M. Strieter, S. L. Kunkel, N. W. Lukacs, and W. J. Karpus. Acute and relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis are regulated by differential expression of the CC chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 J Neuroimmunol. 92:98-108. (1998) (Pubitemid 29015994)
12. Gonzalo, J. A., C. M. Lloyd, J. P. Albar, D. Wen, T. N. C. Wells, A. E. I. Proudfoot, C. Martinez-A, T. Bjerke, A. J. Coyle, and J. C. Gutierrez-Ramos. The Coordinated Action of CC Chemokines in the Lung Orchestrates Allergic Inflammation and Airway Hyperresponsiveness J. Exp. Med. 188:157-167. (1998) (Pubitemid 28328614)
13. Hancock, W. W., B. Lu, W. Gao, V. Csizmadia, K. Faia, J. A. King, S. T. Smiley, M. Ling, N. P. Gerard, and C. Gerard. Requirement of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 for acute allograft rejection J. Exp. Med. 192:1515-1520. (2000)
14. Duong, T. T., J. St Louis, J. J. Gilbert, F. D. Finkelman, and G. H. Strejan. Effect of anti-interferon-gamma and antiinterleukin-2 monoclonal antibody treatment on the development of actively and passively induced experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the SJL/J mouse J. Neuroimmunol. 36:105-115. (1992)
15. Panitch, H. S., R. L. Hirsch, A. S. Haley, and K. P. Johnson. Exacerbations of multiple sclerosis in patients treated with gamma interferon Lancet 1:893-895. (1987)
16. Glabinski, A. R., B. Bielecki, J. A. Kawczak, V. K. Tuohy, K. Selmaj, and R. M. Ransohoff. Treatment with soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (sTNFR):Fc/p80 fusion protein ameliorates relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and decreases chemokine expression Autoimmunity 37:465-471. (2004) (Pubitemid 40123416)
17. Wiendl, H. and R. Hohlfeld. Therapeutic approaches in multiple sclerosis: lessons from failed and interrupted treatment trials BioDrugs. 16:183-200. (2002) (Pubitemid 34852318)
18. Rottman, J. B., A. J. Slavin, R. Silva, H. L. Weiner, C. G. Gerard, and W. W. Hancock. Leukocyte recruitment during onset of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis is CCR1 dependent Eur. J. Immunol. 30:2372-2377. (2000)
19. Hromas, R., P. W. Gray, D. Chantry, R. Godiska, M. Krathwohl, K. Fife, G. I. Bell, J. Takeda, S. Aronica, M. Gordon, S. Cooper, H. E. Broxmeyer, and M. J. Klemsz. Cloning and characterization of exodus, a novel betachemokine Blood 89:3315-3322. (1987)
20. Izikson, L., R. S. Klein, I. F. Charo, H. L. Weiner, and A. D. Luster. Resistance to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice lacking the CC chemokine receptor (CCR) 2 J. Exp. Med. 192:1075-1080. (2000)
21. Huang, D. R., J. Wang, P. Kivisakk, B. J. Rollins, and R. M. Ransohoff. Absence of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 in mice leads to decreased local macrophage recruitment and antigen-specific T helper cell type 1 immune response in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis J. Exp. Med. 193:713-726. (2001)
22. Peters, W. and I. F. Charo. Involvement of chemokine receptor 2 and its ligand, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, in the development of atherosclerosis: lessons from knockout mice Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 12:175-180. (2001) (Pubitemid 32242925)
23. Gu, L., Y. Okada, S. K. Clinton, C. Gerard, G. K. Sukhova, P. Libby, and B. J. Rollins. Absence of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 reduces atherosclerosis in low density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice Mol. Cell 2:275-281. (1998) (Pubitemid 128373654)
24. ++++++++++++++++++ Bagaeva, L. V., P. Rao, J. M. Powers, and B. M. Segal CXC chemokine ligand 13 plays a role in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J. Immunol. 176:7676-7685. (2006) (Pubitemid 43849068)
25. Jose, P. J., D. A. Griffiths-Johnson, P. D. Collins, D. T. Walsh, R. Moqbel, N. F. Totty, O. Truong, J. J. Hsuan, and T. J. Williams Eotaxin: a potent eosinophil chemoattractant cytokine detected in a guinea pig model of allergic airways inflammation. J. Exp. Med. 179:881-887. (1994) (Pubitemid 24065646)
26. Ying, S., D. S. Robinson, Q. Meng, J. Rottman, R. Kennedy, D. J. Ringler, C. R. Mackay, B. L. Daugherty, M. S. Springer, S. R. Durham, T. J. Williams, and A. B. Kay Enhanced expression of eotaxin and ccr3 mrna and protein in atopic asthma - association with airway hyperresponsiveness and predominant colocalization of eotaxin mrna to bronchial epithelial and endothelial cells. Eur. J. Immunol. 27:3507-3516. (1997) (Pubitemid 28018050)
27. Nakamura, H., S. T. Weiss, E. Israel, A. D. Luster, J. M. Drazen, and C. M. Lilly Eotaxin and impaired lung function in asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 160:1952-1956. (1999) (Pubitemid 30004702)
28. Humbles, A. A., C. M. Lloyd, S. J. McMillan, D. S. Friend, G. Xanthou, E. E. McKenna, S. Ghiran, N. P. Gerard, C. Yu, S. H. Orkin, and C. Gerard A critical role for eosinophils in allergic airways remodeling. Science 305:1776-1779. (2004) (Pubitemid 39249645)
29. Lee, J. J., D. Dimina, M. P. Macias, S. I. Ochkur, M. P. McGarry, K. R. O'Neill, C. Protheroe, R. Pero, T. Nguyen, S. A. Cormier, E. Lenkiewicz, D. Colbert, L. Rinaldi, S. J. Ackerman, C. G. Irvin, and N. A. Lee Defining a link with asthma in mice congenitally deficient in eosinophils. Science 305:1773-1776. (2004) (Pubitemid 39249644)
30. Blanchard, C., N. Wang, K. F. Stringer, A. Mishra, P. C. Fulkerson, J. P. Abonia, S. C. Jameson, C. Kirby, M. R. Konikoff, M. H. Collins, M. B. Cohen, R. Akers, S. P. Hogan, A. H. Assa'ad, P. E. Putnam, B. J. Aronow, and M. E. Rothenberg Eotaxin-3 and a uniquely conserved gene-expression profile in eosinophilic esophagitis. J. Clin. Invest 116:536-547. (2006) (Pubitemid 43228372)
31. Zhang, Y and B. J. Rollins. A dominant negative inhibitor indicates that monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 functions as a dimer. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:4851-4855. (1995)
32. Gong, J. H., M. Uguccioni, B. Dewald, M. Baggiolini, and I. Clark-Lewis RANTES and MCP-3 antagonists bind multiple chemokine receptors. J. Biol. Chem. 271:10521-10527. (1996) (Pubitemid 26145785)
33. Proudfoot, A. E. I., C. A. Power, A. J. Hoogewerf, M. O. Montjovent, F. Borlat, R. E. Offord, and T. N. C. Wells Extension of recombinant human RANTES by the retention of the initiating methionine produces a potent antagonist. J. Biol. Chem. 271:2599-2603. (1996) (Pubitemid 26047869)
34. Simmons, G., P. R. Clapham, L. Picard, R. E. Offord, Rosenkilde, MM, T. W. Schwartz, R. Buser, T. N. C. Wells, and A. E. I. Proudfoot Potent inhibition of HIV-1 infectivity in macrophages and lymphocytes by a novel CCR5 antagonist. Science 276:276-279. (1997) (Pubitemid 27172690)
35. Lucas, A and G. McFadden. Secreted immunomodulatory viral proteins as novel biotherapeutics. J. Immunol. 173:4765-4774. (2004) (Pubitemid 39387755)
36. Alcami, A New insights into the subversion of the chemokine system by poxviruses. Eur. J. Immunol. 37:880-883. (2007) (Pubitemid 46925325)
37. Hajnicka, V., P. Kocakova, M. Slavikova, M. Slovak, J. Gasperik, N. Fuchsberger, and P. A. Nuttall Antiinterleukin-8 activity of tick salivary gland extracts. Parasite Immunol. 23:483-489. (2001) (Pubitemid 34205733)
38. Hajnicka, V., I. Vancova, P. Kocakova, M. Slovak, J. Gasperik, M. Slavikova, R. S. Hails, M. Labuda, and P. A. Nuttall Manipulation of host cytokine network by ticks: a potential gateway for pathogen transmission. Parasitology 130:333-342. (2005) (Pubitemid 40444952)
39. Smith, P., R. E. Fallon, N. E. Mangan, C. M. Walsh, M. Saraiva, J. R. Sayers, A. N. McKenzie, A. Alcami, and P. G. Fallon Schistosoma mansoni secretes a chemokine binding protein with antiinflammatory activity. J. Exp. Med. 202:1319-1325. (2005) (Pubitemid 41668734)
40. Frauenschuh, A., C. A. Power, M. Deruaz, B. R. Ferreira, J. S. Silva, M. M. Teixeira, J. M. Dias, T. Martin, T. N. Wells, and A. E. Proudfoot Molecular cloning and characterization of a highly selective chemokine-binding protein from the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus. J. Biol. Chem. 282:27250-27258. (2007) (Pubitemid 47501919)
41. Potzinger, H., E. Geretti, B. Brandner, V. Wabitsch, A. M. Piccinini, A. Rek, and A. J. Kungl Developing chemokine mutants with improved proteoglycan affinity and knocked-out GPCR activity as anti-inflammatory recombinant drugs. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 34:435-437. (2006) (Pubitemid 43954005)
42. Hirsch, E., V. L. Katanaev, C. Garlanda, O. Azzolino, L. Pirola, L. Silengo, S. Sozzani, A. Mantovani, F. Altruda, and M. P. Wymann Central role for G protein-coupled phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma in inflammation. Science 287:1049-1053. (2000)
43. Camps, M., T. Ruckle, H. Ji, V. Ardissone, F. Rintelen, J. Shaw, C. Ferrandi, C. Chabert, C. Gillieron, B. Francon, T. Martin, D. Gretener, D. Perrin, D. Leroy, P. A. Vitte, E. Hirsch, M. P. Wymann, R. Cirillo, M. K. Schwarz, and C. Rommel Blockade of PI3Kgamma suppresses joint inflammation and damage in mouse models of rheumatoid arthritis. Nat. Med. 11:936-943. (2005) (Pubitemid 41294438)
44. Barber, D. F., A. Bartolome, C. Hernandez, J. M. Flores, C. Redondo, C. Fernandez-Arias, M. Camps, T. Ruckle, M. K. Schwarz, S. Rodriguez, A. Martinez, D. Balomenos, C. Rommel, and A. C. Carrera PI3Kgamma inhibition blocks glomerulonephritis and extends lifespan in a mouse model of systemic lupus. Nat. Med. 11:933-935. (2005) (Pubitemid 41294437)
45. Liang, M., M. Rosser, H. P. Ng, K. May, J. G. Bauman, I. Islam, A. Ghannam, P. J. Kretschmer, H. Pu, L. Dunning, R. M. Snider, M. M. Morrissey, J. Hesselgesser, H. D. Perez, and R. Horuk Species selectivity of a small molecule antagonist for the CCR1 chemokine receptor. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 389:41-49. (2000) (Pubitemid 30109365)
46. Anders, H. J., V. Vielhauer, M. Frink, Y. Linde, C. D. Cohen, S. M. Blattner, M. Kretzler, F. Strutz, M. Mack, H. J. Grone, J. Onuffer, R. Horuk, Nelson, PJ, and D. Schlondorff A chemokine receptor CCR-1 antagonist reduces renal fibrosis after unilateral ureter ligation. J. Clin. Invest. 109:251-259. (2002) (Pubitemid 34083745)
47. Gladue, R. P., L. A. Tylaska, W. H. Brissette, P. D. Lira, J. C. Kath, C. S. Poss, M. F. Brown, T. J. Paradis, M. J. Conklyn, K. T. Ogborne, M. A. McGlynn, B. M. Lillie, A. P. DiRico, E. N. Mairs, E. B. McElroy, W. H. Martin, I. A. Stock, R. M. Shepard, H. J. Showell, and K. Neote CP-481, 715, a potent and selective CCR1 antagonist with potential therapeutic implications for inflammatory diseases. J. Biol. Chem. 278:40473-40480. (2003) (Pubitemid 37280857)
48. Onuffer, J., M. A. McCarrick, L. Dunning, M. Liang, M. Rosser, G. P. Wei, Ng. H, and R. Horuk Structure function differences in nonpeptide CCR1 antagonists for human and mouse CCR1. J. Immunol. 170:1910-1916. (2003) (Pubitemid 36197409)
49. de Mendonca, F. L., P. C.da Fonseca, R. M. Phillips, J. W. Saldanha, T. J. Williams, and J. E. Pease Site-directed mutagenesis of CC chemokine receptor 1 reveals the mechanism of action of UCB 35625, a small molecule chemokine receptor antagonist. J. Biol. Chem. 280:4808-4816. (2005) (Pubitemid 40288653)
50. Pease, J. E and R. Horuk. CCR1 antagonists in clinical development. Expert. Opin. Investig. Drugs 14:785-796. (2005) (Pubitemid 41030947)
51. Zipp, F., H. P. Hartung, J. Hillert, S. Schimrigk, C. Trebst, M. Stangel, C. Infante-Duarte, P. Jakobs, C. Wolf, R. Sandbrink, C. Pohl, and M. Filippi Blockade of chemokine signaling in patients with multiple sclerosis. Neurology 67:1880-1883. (2006) (Pubitemid 44900777)
52. Mahler, D. A., S. Huang, M. Tabrizi, and G. M. Bell Efficacy and safety of a monoclonal antibody recognizing interleukin-8 in COPD: a pilot study. Chest 126:926-934. (2004) (Pubitemid 39258050)
53. Yang, X. D., J. R. Corvalan, P. Wang, C. M. Roy, and C. G. Davis Fully human anti-interleukin-8 monoclonal antibodies: potential therapeutics for the treatment of inflammatory disease states. J. Leukoc. Biol. 66:401-410. (1999) (Pubitemid 29439246)
54. Haringman, J. J., D. M. Gerlag, T. J. Smeets, D. Baeten, B. F.van den, B. Bresnihan, F. C. Breedveld, H. J. Dinant, F. Legay, H. Gram, P. Loetscher, R. Schmouder, T. Woodworth, and P. P. Tak A randomized controlled trial with an anti-CCL2 (anti-monocyte chemotactic protein 1) monoclonal antibody in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 54:2387-2392. (2006) (Pubitemid 44204998)
55. Pyo, R., K. K. Jensen, M. T. Wiekowski, D. Manfra, A. Alcami, M. B. Taubman, and S. A. Lira Inhibition of intimal hyperplasia in transgenic mice conditionally expressing the chemokine-binding protein M3. Am. J. Pathol. 164:2289-2297. (2004) (Pubitemid 38669374)
56. Kim, W. J., I. Chereshnev, M. Gazdoiu, J. T. Fallon, B. J. Rollins, and M. B. Taubman MCP-1 deficiency is associated with reduced intimal hyperplasia after arterial injury. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 310:936-942. (2003) (Pubitemid 37188712)
57. Tokuyama, H., S. Ueha, M. Kurachi, K. Matsushima, F. Moriyasu, R. S. Blumberg, and K. Kakimi The simultaneous blockade of chemokine receptors CCR2, CCR5 and CXCR3 by a non-peptide chemokine receptor antagonist protects mice from dextran sodium sulfatemediated colitis. Int. Immunol. 17:1023-1034. (2005) (Pubitemid 41158385)
58. Mosier, D. E., G. R. Picchio, R. J. Gulizia, R. Sabbe, P. Poignard, L. Picard, R. E. Offord, D. A. Thompson, and J. Wilken Highly potent RANTES analogues either prevent CCR5-using human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in vivo or rapidly select for CXCR4-using variants. J. Virol. 73:3544-3550. (1999) (Pubitemid 29189792)
59. Murugesan, N., Z. Gu, L. Fadnis, J. E. Tellew, R. A. Baska, Y. Yang, S. M. Beyer, H. Monshizadegan, K. E. Dickinson, M. T. Valentine, W. G. Humphreys, S. J. Lan, W. R. Ewing, K. E. Carlson, M. C. Kowala, R. Zahler, and J. E. Macor Dual angiotensin II and endothelin A receptor antagonists: synthesis of 2'-substituted N-3-isoxazolyl biphenylsulfonamides with improved potency and pharmacokinetics. J. Med. Chem. 48:171-179. (2005) (Pubitemid 40105258)
60. Vaidehi, N., S. Schlyer, R. J. Trabanino, W. B. Floriano, R. Abrol, S. Sharma, M. Kochanny, S. Koovakat, L. Dunning, M. Liang, J. M. Fox, F. L.de Mendonca, J. E. Pease, W. A. Goddard, III, and R. Horuk 2006. Predictions of CCR1 chemokine receptor structure and BX 471 antagonist binding followed by experimental validation. J. Biol. Chem. 281:27613-27620. (2006) (Pubitemid 44401786)
61. Roth, B. L., D. J. Sheffler, and W. K. Kroeze Magic shotguns versus magic bullets: selectively non-selective drugs for mood disorders and schizophrenia. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 3:353-359. (2004) (Pubitemid 38499762)
62. Schlyer, S and R. Horuk. I want a new drug: G-proteincoupled receptors in drug development. Drug Discovery Today 11:481-493. (2006)