Active emitters based on nanostructured Si

International Journal of Nanotechnology

Volumn 5, Issue 6-8, 2008, Pages 574-591

  Gourbilleau, F ^a   Belarouci, A ^a,b,c   Breard, D ^a,d   Dufour, C ^a   Rizk, R ^a,c,d,e  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE CAEN   (France)

^b UNIVERSITÉ DE LYON   (France)

^c CNRS   (France)

^d Structure des Interfaces et Fonctionnalité des Couches Minces

^e University of Paris   (France)

Author keywords

Microcavity; Rare earth; Reactive magnetron sputtering; Si nanocrystal

Indexed keywords

ENERGY TRANSFER; FABRY-PEROT INTERFEROMETERS; MAGNETRON SPUTTERING; METAL IONS; MICROCAVITIES; MULTILAYERS; OPTICAL MULTILAYERS; RARE EARTHS; SILICA;

ANNEALING TEMPERATURES; DIRECTIONAL CHARACTERISTIC; DISTRIBUTED BRAGG REFLECTORS STRUCTURES; ENERGY TRANSFER EFFICIENCY; FABRICATION PARAMETERS; FABRY-PEROT MICROCAVITIES; REACTIVE MAGNETRON SPUTTERING; SI NANOCRYSTAL;

NANOCLUSTERS;

EID: 45849140102     PISSN: 14757435     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1504/IJNT.2008.018683     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Canham, L.T. (1990) 'Silicon quantum wire array fabrication by electrochemical and chemical dissolution of wafers', Appl. Phys. Lett, Vol. 57, No. 10, pp.1046-1048.
2. x films', J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 83, No. 4, pp.2228-2234.
3. 2 systems obtained by magnetron co-sputtering', J. Lumin., Vol. 80, pp.257-261.
4. Ledoux, G., Guillois, O., Porterat, D., Reynaud, C., Huisken, F., Kohn, B. and Paillard, V. (2000) 'Photoluminescence properties of silicon nanocrystals as a function of their size', Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 62, No. 23, pp. 15942-15951.
5. Botti, S., Coppola, R., Gourbilleau, F. and Rizk, R. (2000) 'Photoluminescence from silicon nano-particles synthesized by laser-induced decomposition of silane', J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 88, No.6, pp.3396-3401.
6. Iacona, F., Franzò, G. and Spinella, C. (2000) 'Correlation between luminescence and structural properties of Si nanocrystals', J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 87, No. 3, pp.1295-1503.
7. 2', J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 91, No. 2, pp.798-807.
8. Tsybeskov, L., Hirschman, K.D., Dutlagupta, S.P., Zacharias, M., Fauchet, P.M., McCaffrey, J.P. and Lockwood, D.J. (1998) 'Nanocrystalline silicon superlattice produced by controlled recrystallization', Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 72, No. 1, pp.43-45.
9. 2 superlattices', Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 74, No. 18, pp.2614-2616.
10. 2 superlattices', J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 87, No. 11, pp.8165-8173.
11. 2 nanostructured multilayers by reactive magnetron sputtering', Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 78, No. 20, pp.3058-3060.
12. Ternon, C., Gourbilleau, F., Dufour, C., Madelon, R., Portier, X. and Rizk, R. (2002) 'Emission properties of Si-rich silicon oxide/silica multilayers synthesized by reactive magnetron sputtering', Recent. Res. Dev. Mat. Sci. Eng., Vol. 1, pp.215-234.
13. Cullis, A.G., Canham, L.T. and Calcott, P.D.J. (1997) 'The structural and luminescence properties of porous silicon', J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 82, No. 3, pp.909-965.
14. 2 multilayers in planar microcavities', Physica E, Vol. 6, Nos. 1-4, pp.201-204.
15. Iacona, F., Franzò, G., Moreira, E.C., Pacifici, D., Irrera, A. and Priolo, F. (2002) 'Luminescence properties of Si nanocrystals embedded in optical microcavities', Mater. Sci. Eng., C, Vol. 19, Nos. 1-2, pp.377-381.
16. Amans, D., Callard, S., Gagnaire, A., Joseph, J., Huisken, F. and Ledoux, G. (2003) 'Spectral and spatial narrowing of the emission of silicon nanocrystals in a microcavity', J. Appl. Phys., Vol.95, No.9, pp.5010-5013.
17. Miniscalco, W.J. (1991) 'Erbium-doped glasses for fiber amplifiers at 1500 nm', J. Lightwave Technol., Vol. 9, pp.234-250.
18. Polman, A. (1997) 'Erbium implanted thin films photonic materials', J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 82, No. 1, pp. 1-39.
19. Priolo, F., Franzo, G., Pacifici, D., Vinciguerra, V., Iacona, F. and Irrera, A. (2001) 'Role of the energy transfer in the optical properties of undoped and Er-doped interacting Si nanocrystals', J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 89, No. 1, pp.264-272.
20. Kovalev, D., Dietmer, J., Heckler, H., Polinski, G., Künzner, N. and Koch, F. (2000) 'Optical absorption cross sections of Si nanocrystals', Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 61, pp.4485-4487.
21. 2', Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 82, No. 10, pp.1595-1597.
22. 3+', J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 84, No. 8, pp.4525-4531.
23. Kenyon, A.J., Chryssou, C.E., Pitt, C.W., Shimizu-Ywayama, T., Hole, D.E., Sharma, N. and Humphreys, C.J. (2002) 'Luminescence from erbium-doped silicon nanocrystals in silica: excitation mechanisms', J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 91, No. 1, pp.367-374.
24. 2', Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 82, No. 22, pp.3871-3873.
25. Carrada, M., Gourbilleau, F., Dufour, C., Levalois, M. and Rizk, R. (2005) 'Influence of Er concentration on the emission properties of Er-doped Si-rich silica films obtained by reactive magnetron co-sputtering', Opt. Mater., Vol. 27, pp.915-919.
26. Gourbilleau, F., Rizk, R., Dufour, C. and Madelon, R. (2006) 'Effects of the si-nanocluster size on the sensitizing role towards Er ions', Euro. J. Phys. B, Vol. 51, pp.341-344.
27. Iacona, F., Pacifici, D., Irrera, A., Miritello, M., Franzò, G., Priolo, F., Sanfilippo, D., Di Stefano, G. and Fallica, P.O. (2002) 'Electroluminescence at 1.54 μm in Er-doped Si nanoclusters-based devices', Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 81, No. 17, pp.3242-3244.
28. Lee, J., Shin, J.H. and Park, N. (2005) 'Optical gain at 1.5 μm in nanocrystal Si-sensitized Er-doped silica waveguide using top-pumping 470 nm LEDs', J. Lightwave Technol., Vol. 23, No. 1, pp.19-25.
29. Daldosso, N., Navarro-Urrios, D., Melchiorri, M., Pavesi, L., Gourbilleau, F., Carrada, M., Rizk, R., Garcia, C., Pellegrino, P., Garrido, B. and Cognolato, L. (2005) 'Absorption cross section and signal enhancement in Er-doped Si nanocluster rib-loaded waveguides', Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 87, pp.261103-261105.
30. Pacifici, D., Lanzanò, L., Franzò, G., Priolo, F. and Iacona, F. (2005) 'Revealing the sequential nature of the Si-nanocluster-Er interaction by variable pulse duration excitation', Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 72, pp.045349-1-045349-6.
31. 3+ by the energy transfer from Si nanocrystals', Physica E, Vol. 13, Nos. 2-4, pp.1038-1042.
32. Seo, S.Y., Kim, M.J. and Shin, S. (2003) 'The Nd-nanocluster coupling strength and its effect in excitation/de-excitation of Nd luminescence in Nd-doped silicon-rich silicon oxide', Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 83, No. 14, pp.2778-2780.
33. Mann, M.M. and De Shazer, L.G. (1970) 'Energy levels and spectral broadening of neodymium ions in laser glass', J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 41, No. 7, pp.2951-2957.
34. 3+ photoluminescence study of Nd-doped Si-rich silica films obtained by reactive magnetron sputtering', J. Lumin., Vol. 121, pp.209-212.
35. 2 multilayers using reactive magnetron sputtering', Thin Solid Films, Vol. 419, pp.5-10.
36. Gourbilleau, F., Dufour, C., Levalois, M., Vicens, J., Rizk, R., Sada, C., Enrichi, F. and Battaglin, G. (2003) 'Room-temperature 1.54 μm photoluminescence from Er-doped Si-rich silica layers obtained by reactive magnetron sputtering', J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 94, No. 6, pp.3869-3874.
37. Gourbilleau, F., Levalois, M., Dufour, C., Vicens, J. and Rizk, R. (2004) 'Optimized conditions for an enhanced coupling rate between Er ions and Si nanoclusters for an improved 1.54 um emission', J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 95, No. 7, pp.3717-3722.
38. Kovalev, D., Diener, J., Heckler, H., Polisski, G., Künzner, N. and Koch, F. (2000) 'Optical absorption cross section of Si nanocrystals', Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 61, No. 7, pp.4485-4487.
39. Garcia, C., Garrido, B., Pellegrino, P., Ferre, R., Moreno, J.A. and Morante, J.R. (2003) 'Size dependance of lifetime', Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 82, pp.1595-1597.
40. 3+ coupled to Si nanoclusters', Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 88, pp. 161901-161903.
41. Daldosso, N., Navarro-Urrios, D., Melchiorri, M., Garcia, C., Pellegrino, P., Garrido, B., Sada, C., Battaglin, G., Gourbilleau, F., Rizk, R. and Pavesi, L. (2006) 'Er-coupled Si nanocluster waveguide', IEEEJ. Sci.. Top. Quantum. Electron., Vol. 12, No. 6, pp.1607-1617.
42. Garrido, B., Garcia, C., Pellegrino, P., Navarro-Urrios, D., Daldosso, N., Pavesi, L., Gourbilleau, F. and Rizk, R. (2006) 'Distance dependent interaction as limiting factor for the Si nanocluster to Er energy transfer in silica', App. Phys. Lett., Vol. 89, pp. 163103-163105.
43. Wojdak, M., Klik, M., Forcales, M., Gusev, O.B., Gregorkiewicz, T., Pacifici, D., Franzò, G., Priolo, F. and Iacona, F. (2004) 'Sensitization of Er luminescence by Si nanoclusters', Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 69, pp.233315-1-233315-4.
44. 2 films containing Si nanocrystals and Er', J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 95, No. 1, pp.272-280.
45. 3+ energy transfer dynamic by double pulse excitation', Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 87, pp.061109-1-061109-3.
46. 3+ by the energy transfer from Si nanocrystals', .J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 90, No. 9, pp.4761-4467.
47. 2 superlattice structures', Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 84, No. 14, pp.2512-2514.
48. 2/Si structure', J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 93, pp.2595-2601.
49. 2 superlattices formed by ion sputtering', Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 82, No.29, pp.4489-4491.
50. 2 superlattices', Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 74, No. 18, pp.2614-2616.
51. 3+ in crystalline silicon', Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 70, No. 13, pp.1721-1723.
52. 3+ in crystalline Si', Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 57, No. 8, pp.4443-4455.
53. 2: (Mn, Y) crystals', Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 39, No. 11, pp.7905-7916.
54. Snoeks, E., Kik, P.G. and Polman, A. (1996) 'Concentration quenching in erbiul implanted alkali silicate glasses', Opt. Mater., Vol.5, No. 3, pp.159-167.
55. Langlet, M., Courier, C., Meffie, W., Audier, M., Fick, F., Rimet, R. and Jacquier, B. (2002) 'Microstructural and spectroscopic study of sol-gel derived Nd-doped silcia glasses', J. Lumin., Vol. 96, Nos. 2-4, pp.295-309.