B cell selection and susceptibility to autoimmunity

Journal of Immunology

Volumn 174, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 1775-1781

  Grimaldi, Christine M ^a   Hicks, Ruthmarie ^b   Diamond, Betty ^a  

^a Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

^b ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

B LYMPHOCYTE ANTIGEN; B LYMPHOCYTE RECEPTOR; CD19 ANTIGEN; CD22 ANTIGEN; CD40 ANTIGEN; CD45 ANTIGEN; CD72 ANTIGEN; COMPLEMENT COMPONENT C3D RECEPTOR; DNA ANTIBODY; ESTROGEN; ESTROGEN RECEPTOR; FC RECEPTOR; INTERLEUKIN 4; PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE; PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE SHP 1; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

AUTOIMMUNITY; B LYMPHOCYTE; B LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION; GENE IDENTIFICATION; GENE LOCUS; HOST SUSCEPTIBILITY; HUMAN; IMMUNOLOGICAL TOLERANCE; IMMUNOMODULATION; NONHUMAN; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; SHORT SURVEY; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS;

EID: 13544259968     PISSN: 00221767     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.174.4.1775     Document Type: Short Survey

References (93)

1. Janeway, J. A., P. Travers, M. Walport, and M. J. Shlomchik. 2001. The generation of diversity in immunoglobulins. In Immunobiology. Garland, New York and London, p. 123.
2. Yu, C. C., A. A. Mamchak, and A. L. DeFranco. 2003. Signaling mutations and auto immunity. Curr. Dir. Autoimmun. 6:61.
3. Braun, D., I. Caramalho, and J. Demengeot. 2002. IFN-α/β enhances BCR-dependent B cell responses. Int. Immunol. 14:411.
4. Haxhinasto, S. A., B. S. Hostager, and G. A. Bishop. 2002. Cutting edge: molecular mechanisms of synergy between CD40 and the B cell antigen receptor: role for TNF receptor-associated factor 2 in receptor interaction. J. Immunol. 169:1145.
5. Healy, J. I., and C. C. Goodnow. 1998. Positive versus negative signaling by lymphocyte antigen receptors. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 16:645.
6. Kurosaki, T. 1999. Genetic analysis of B cell antigen receptor signaling. Annu. Rev. Immunol 17:555.
7. Niiro, H., and E. A. Clark. 2002. Regulation of B-cell face by antigen-receptor signals. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2:945.
8. Justement, L. B. 2001. The role of the protein tyrosine phosphatase CD45 in regulation of B lymphocyte activation. Int. Rev. Immunol. 20:713.
9. Fujimoto, M., J. C Poe, M. Hasegawa, and T. F. Tedder. 2000. CD19 regulates intrinsic B lymphocyte signal transduction and activation through a novel mechanism of processive amplification. Immunol. Res. 22:281.
10. Nitschke, L., and T. Tsubata. 2004. Molecular interactions regulate BCR signal inhibition by CD22 and CD72. Trends Immunol 25:543.
11. Pritchard, N. R., and K. G. Smith. 2003. B cell inhibitory receptors and autoimmunity. Immunology 108:263.
12. Kaplan, M. J. 2004. Apoptosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin. Immunol. 112:210.
13. Kitamura, D., J. Roes, R. Kuhn, and K. Rajewsky. 1991. A B cell-deficient mouse by targeted disruption of the membrane exon of the immunoglobulin μ chain gene. Nature 350:423.
14. Reichlin, A., Y. Hu, E. Meffre, H. Nagaoka, S. Gong, M. Kraus, K. Rajewsky, and M. C. Nussenzweig. 2000. B cell development is arrested at the immature B cell stage in mice carrying a mutation in the cytoplasmic domain of immunoglobulin β. J. Exp. Med. 193:13.
15. Allman, D. M., S. E. Ferguson, V. M. Lentz, and M. P. Cancro. 1993. Peripheral B cell maturation. II. Heat-stable antigen(hi) splenic B cells are an immature developmental intermediate in the production of long-lived marrow-derived B cells. J. Immunol. 151:4431.
16. Wardemann, H., S. Yurasov, A. Schaefer, J. W. Young, E. Meffre, and M. C. Nussenzweig, 2003. Predominant autoantibody production by early human B cell precursors. Science 301:1374.
17. Carsetti, R., G. Kohler, and M. C. Lamers. 1995. Transitional B cells are the target of negative selection in the B cell compartment. J. Exp. Med. 181:2129.
18. Loder, F., B. Mutschler, R. J. Ray, C. J. Paige, P. Sideras, R. Torres, M. C. Lamers, and R. Carsetti. 1999. B cell development in the spleen takes place in discrete steps and is determined by the quality of B cell receptor-derived signals. J Exp. Med. 190:75.
19. Allman, D., R. C, Lindsley, W. DeMuth, K. Rudd, S. A. Shinton, and R. R. Hardy. 2001. Resolution of three nonproliferative immature splenic B cell subsets reveals multiple selection points during peripheral B cell maturation. J Immunol. 167:6834.
20. Pillai, S., A. Cariappa, and S. T. Moran. 2004. Positive selection and lineage commitment during peripheral B-lymphocyte development. Immunol. Rev. 197:206.
21. O'Keefe, T. L., G. T. Williams, S. L. Davies, and M. S. Neuberger. 1996. Hyperresponsive B cells in CD22-deficient mice. Science 274:798.
22. Leitges, M., C. Schmedt, R. Guinamard, J. Davoust, S. Schaal, S. Stabel, and A. Tarakhovsky. 1996. Immunodeficiency in protein kinase Cβ-deficient mice. Science 273:788.
23. Cariappa, A., M. Tang, C. Parng, E. Nebelitskiy, M. Carroll, K. Georgopoulos, and S. Pillai. 2001. The follicular versus marginal zone B lymphocyte cell fate decision is regulated by Aiolos, Btk, and CD21. Immunity 14:603.
24. Anzelon, A. N., H. Wu, and R. C. Rickert. 2003. Pten inactivation alters peripheral B lymphocyte fate and reconstitutes CD19 function. Nat. Immunol. 4:287.
25. Lam, K. P., and K. Rajewsky. 1999. B cell antigen receptor specificity and surface density together determine B-1 versus B-2 cell development. J. Exp. Med. 190:471.
26. Sanchez, P., A. M. Crain-Denoyelle, P. Daras, M. C. Gendron, and C. Kanellopoulos-Langevin. 2000. The level of expression of μ heavy chain modifies the composition of peripheral B cell subpopulations. Int. Immunol. 12:1459.
27. Heltemes, L. M., and T. Manser. 2002. Level of B cell antigen receptor surface expression influences both positive and negative selection of B cells during primary development. J. Immunol. 169:1283.
28. + B lymphocytes. Int. Immunol. 2:515.
29. Martin, F., and J. F. Kearney. 2000. Positive selection from newly formed to marginal zone B cells depends on the rate of clonal production, CD19, and btk. Immunity 12:39.
30. Casola, S., K. L. Otipoby, M. Alimzhanov, S. Humme, N. Uyttersprot, J. L. Kutok, M. C. Carroll, and K. Rajewsky. 2004. B cell receptor signal strength determines B cell fate. Nat. Immunol. 5:317.
31. Guinamard, R., M. Okigaki, J. Schlessinger, and J. V. Ravetch. 2000. Absence of marginal zone B cells in Pyk-2-deficient mice defines their role in the humoral response. Nat. Immunol. 1:31.
32. Girkontaite, I., K. Missy, V. Sakk, A. Harenberg, K. Tedford, T. Potzel, K. Pfeffer, and K. D. Fischer. 2001. Lsc is required for marginal zone B cells, regulation of lymphocyte motility and immune responses. Nat. Immunol 2:855.
33. Fukui, Y., O. Hashimoto, T. Sanui, T. Oono, H. Koga, M. Abe, A. Inayoshi, M. Noda, M. Oike, T. Shirai, and T. Sasazuki. 2001. Haematopoietic cell-specific CDM family protein DOCK2 is essential for lymphocyte migration. Nature 412:826.
34. Tiegs, S. L., D. M. Russell, and D. Nemazee. 1993. Receptor editing in self-reactive bone marrow B cells. J. Exp. Med. 177:1009.
35. Gay, D., T. Saundets, S. Camper, and M. Weigert. 1993. Receptor editing: an approach by autoreactive B cells to escape tolerance. J. Exp. Med. 177:999.
36. Pelanda, R., S. Schwers, E. Sonoda, R. M. Torres, D. Nemazee, and K. Rajewsky. 1997. Receptor editing in a transgenic mouse model: site, efficiency, and role in B cell tolerance and antibody diversification. Immunity 7:765.
37. Nemazee, D., and K. Buerki. 1989. Clonal deletion of autoreactive B lymphocytes in bone marrow chimeras. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 86:8039.
38. Hartley, S. B., J. Crosbie, R. Brink, A. B. Kantor, A. Basten, and C. C. Goodnow. 1991. Elimination from peripheral lymphoid tissues of self-reactive B lymphocytes recognizing membrane-bound antigens. Nature 353:765.
39. Chen, C., Z. Nagy, M. Z. Radic, R. R. Hardy, D. Huszar, S. A. Camper, and M. Weigert. 1995. The site and stage of anti-DNA B-cell deletion. Nature 373:252.
40. Sandel, P. C., and J. G. Monroe. 1999. Negative selection of immature B cells by receptor editing or deletion is determined by site of antigen encounter. Immunity 10:289.
41. Fulcher, D. A., and A. Basten. 1994. Reduced life span of anergic self-reactive B cells in a double-transgenic model. J. Exp. Med. 179:125.
42. Fulcher, D. A., A. B. Lyons, S. L. Korn, M. C. Cook, C. Koleda, C. Parish, B. Fazekas de St. Groth, and A. Basten. 1996. The fate of self-reactive B cells depends primarily on the degree of antigen receptor engagement and availability of T cell help. J. Exp. Med. 183:2313.
43. Benschop, R. J., D. Melamed, D. Nemazee, and J. C. Cambier. 1999. Distinct signal thresholds for the unique antigen receptor-linked gene expression programs in mature and immature B cells. J. Exp. Med. 190:749.
44. c in response to ligation of surface IgM in WEHI-231 cells. FEBS Lett. 535:113.
45. Stoddart, A., M. L. Dykstra, B. K. Brown, W. Song, S. K. Pierce, and F. M. Brodsky. 2002. Lipid rafts unite signaling cascades with clathrin to regulate BCR internalization. Immunity 17:451.
46. Malapati, S., and S. K. Pierce. 2001. The influence of CD40 on the association of the B cell antigen receptor with lipid rafts in mature and immature cells. Eur. J. Immunol. 31:3789.
47. Stoddart, A., R. J. Ray, and C. J. Paige. 1997. Analysis of murine CD22 during B cell development: CD22 is expressed on B cell progenitors prior to IgM. Int. Immunol. 9:1571.
48. Su, T. T., and D. J. Rawlings. 2002. Transitional B lymphocyte subsets operate as distinct checkpoints in murine splenic B cell development. J. Immunol. 168:2101.
49. Petro, J. B., R. M. Gerstein, J. Lowe, R. S. Carter, N. Shinners, and W. N. Khan. 2002. Transitional type 1 and 2 B lymphocyte subsets are differentially responsive to antigen receptor signaling. J. Biol. Chem. 277:48009.
50. Sater, R. A., P. C. Sandel, and J. G. Monroe. 1998. B cell receptor-induced apoptosis in primary transitional murine B cells: signaling requirements and modulation by T cell help. Int. Immunol. 10:1673.
51. Santulli-Marotto, S., M. W. Retter, R. Gee, M. J. Mamula, and S. H. Clarke. 1998. Autoreactive B cell regulation: peripheral induction of developmental arrest by lupus-associated autoantigens. Immunity 8:209.
52. Thien, M., T. G. Phan, S. Gardam, M. Amesbury, A. Basten, F. Mackay, and R. Brink. 2004. Excess BAFF rescues self-reactive B cells from peripheral deletion and allows them to enter forbidden follicular and marginal zone niches. Immunity 20:785.
53. Bynoe, M. S., L. Spatz, and B. Diamond. 1999. Characterization of anti-DNA B cells that escape negative selection. Eur. J. Immunol. 29:1304.
54. Ray, S. K., C. Putterman, and B. Diamond. 1996. Pathogenic autoantibodies are routinely generated during the response to foreign antigen: a paradigm for autoimmune disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:2019.
55. Hande, S., E. Notidis, and T. Manser. 1998. Bcl-2 obstructs negative selection of autoreactive, hypermutated antibody V regions during memory B cell development. Immunity 8:189.
56. Cyster, J. G., and C. C. Goodnow. 1995. Protein tyrosine phosphatase IC negatively regulates antigen receptor signaling in B lymphocytes and determines thresholds for negative selection. Immunity 2:13.
57. Galibert, L., N. Burdin, C. Barthelemy, G. Meffre, I. Durand, E. Garcia, P. Garrone, F. Rousset, J. Banchereau, and Y. J. Liu. 1996. Negative selection of human germinal center B cells by prolonged BCR cross-linking. J. Exp. Med. 183:2075.
58. Shokat, K. M., and C. C. Goodnow. 1995. Antigen-induced B-cell death and elimination during germinal-centre immune responses. Nature 375:334.
59. Marion, T. N., A. L. Bochwell, D. E. Briles, and C. A. Janeway, Jr. 1989. IgG anti-DNA autoantibodies within an individual autoimmune mouse are the products of clonal selection. J Immunol. 142:4269.
60. Shlomchik, M., M. Mascelli, H. Shan, M. Z. Radic, D. Pisetsky, A. Marshak-Rothstein, and M. Weigert. 1990. Anti-DNA antibodies from autoimmune mice arise by clonal expansion and somatic mutation. J. Exp. Med. 171:265.
61. Spatz, L, V. Saenko, A. Iliev, L. Jones, L. Geskin, and B. Diamond. 1997. Light chain usage in anti-double-stranded DNA B cell subsets: role in cell fate determination. J. Exp. Med. 185:1317.
62. Lam, K. P., R. Kuhn, and K. Rajewsky. 1997. In vivo ablation of surface immunoglobulin on mature B cells by inducible gene targeting results in rapid cell death. Cell 90:1073.
63. Gu, H., D. Tarlinton, W. Muller, K. Rajewsky, and I. Forster. 1991. Most peripheral B cells in mice are ligand selected. J. Exp. Med. 173:1357.
64. Levine, M. H., A. M. Haberman, D. B. Sant'Angelo, L. G. Hannum, M. P. Cancro, C. A. Janeway, Jr., and M. J. Shlomchik. 2000. A B-cell receptor-specific selection step governs immature to mature B cell differentiation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97:2743.
65. Batten, M., J. Groom, T. G. Cachero, F. Qian, P. Schneider, J. Tschopp, J. L. Browning, and F. Mackay. 2000. BAFF mediates survival of peripheral immature B lymphocytes. J. Exp. Med. 192:1453.
66. Hsu, B. L., S. M. Hatelss, R. C. Lindsley, D. M. Hilbert, and M. P. Cancro. 2002. Cutting edge: BLyS enables survival of transitional and mature B cells through distinct mediators. J. Immunol. 168:599.
67. Cancro, M. P., and J. F. Kearney. 2004. B cell positive selection: road map to the primary repertoire? J Immunol. 173:15.
68. Dorner, T., and C. Putterman. 2001. B cells, BAFF/zTNF4, TACI, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res. 3:197.
69. Sato, S., N. Ono, D. A. Steeber, D. S. Pisetsky, and T. F. Tedder. 1996. CD19 regulates B lymphocyte signaling thresholds critical for the development of B-1 lineage cells and autoimmunity. J. Immunol. 157:4371.
70. Bolland, S., and J. V. Ravetch. 2000. Spontaneous autoimmune disease in FcγRIIB-deficient mice results from strain-specific epistasis. Immunity 13:277.
71. Nishimura, H., M. Nose, H. Hiai, N. Minato, and T. Honjo. 1999. Development of lupus-like autoimmune diseases by disruption of the PD-1 gene encoding an ITIM motif-carrying immunoreceptor. Immunity 11:141.
72. O'Keefe, T. L., G. T. Williams, F. D. Batista, and M. S. Neuberger. 1999. Deficiency in CD22, a B cell-specific inhibitory receptor, is sufficient to predispose to development of high affinity autoantibodies. J. Exp. Med. 189:1307.
73. Westhoff, C. M., A. Whittier, S. Kathol, J. McHugh, C. Zajicek, L. D. Shultz, and D. E. Wylie. 1997. DNA-binding antibodies from viable motheaten mutant mice: implications for B cell tolerance. J. Immunol. 159:3024.
74. Prokunina, L., C. Castillejo-Lopez, F. Oberg, I. Gunnarsson, L. Berg, V. Magnusson, A. J. Brookes, D. Tender, H. Kristjansdottir, G. Grondal, et al. 2002. A regulatory polymorphism in PDCD1 is associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus in humans. Nat. Genet. 32:666.
75. Kyogoku, C., H. M. Dijstelbloem, N. Tsuchiya, Y. Hatta, H. Kato, A. Yamaguchi, T. Fukazawa, M. D. Jansen, H. Hashimoto, J. G. van de Winkel, et al. 2002. Fcγ receptor gene polymorphisms in Japanese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: contribution of FCGR2B to genetic susceptibility. Arthritis Rheum. 46:1242.
76. Hatta, Y., N. Tsuchiya, M. Matsushita, M. Shiota, K. Hagiwara, and K. Tokunaga. 1999. Identification of the gene variations in human CD22. Immunogenetics 49:280.
77. Saro, S., M. Hasegawa, M. Fujimoto, T. F. Tedder, and K. Takehara. 2000. Quantitative genetic variation in CD19 expression correlates with autoimmunity. J. Immunol. 165:6635.
78. Enyedy, E. J., J. P. Mitchell, M. P. Nambiar, and G. C. Tsokos. 2001. Defective FcγRIIb1 signaling contributes to enhanced calcium response in B cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin. Immunol. 101:130.
79. Huck, S., R. Le Corre, P. Youinou, and M. Zouali. 2001. Expression of B cell receptor-associated signaling molecules in human lupus. Autoimmunity 33:213.
80. Liossis, S. N., B. Kovacs, G. Dennis, G. M. Kammer, and G. C. Tsokos. 1996. B cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus display abnormal antigen receptor-mediated early signal transduction events. J. Clin. Invest. 98:2549.
81. Gaynor, B., C. Putterman, P. Valadon, L. Spatz, M. D. Scharff, and B. Diamond. 1997. Peptide inhibition of glomerular deposition of an anti-DNA antibody. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:1955.
82. Putterman, C., and B. Diamond. 1998. Immunization with a peptide surrogate for double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) induces autoantibody production and renal immunoglobulin deposirion. J. Exp. Med. 188:29.
83. Putterman, C., B. Deocharan, and B. Diamond. 2000. Molecular analysis of the autoantibody response in peptide-induced autoimmunity. J. Immunol. 164:2542.
84. Wang, C., M. Khalil, J. Ravetch, and B. Diamond. 2003. The naive B cell repertoire predisposes to antigen-induced systemic lupus erythematosus. J. Immunol. 170:4826.
85. 1 mice. J. Exp. Med. 147:1568.
86. Roubinian, J., N. Talal, P. K. Siiteri, and J. A. Sadakian. 1979. Sex hormone modulation of autoimmunity in NZB/NZW mice. Arthritis Rheum. 22:1162.
87. Offen, D., L. Spatz, H. Escowitz, S. Factor, and B. Diamond. 1992. Induction of tolerance to an IgG autoantibody. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:8332.
88. Bynoe, M. S., C. M. Grimaldi, and B. Diamond. 2000. Estrogen up-regulates Bcl-2 and blocks tolerance induction of naive B cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97:2703.
89. Kincade, P. W., K. L. Medina, K. J. Payne, M. I. D. Rossi, K.-S. R. S. Tudor, Y. Yamashita, and T. Kouro. 2000. Early B-lymphocyte precursors and their regulation by sex steroids. Immunol. Rev. 175:128.
90. Grimaldi, C. M., D. J. Michael, and B. Diamond. 2001. Cutting edge: expansion and activation of a population of autoreactive marginal zone B cells in a model of estrogen-induced lupus. J. Immunol. 167:1886.
91. Grimaldi, C. M., J. Cleary, A. S. Dagtas, D. Moussai, and B. Diamond. 2002. Estrogen alters thresholds for B cell apoptosis and activation. J. Clin. Invest. 109:1625.
92. Choi, K. C., S. K. Kang, C. J. Tai, N. Auersperg, and P. C. Leung. 2001. Estradiol up-regulates antiapoptotic bcl-2 messenger ribonucleic acid and protein in tumorigenic ovarian surface epithelium cells. Endocrinology 142:2351.
93. Peeva, E., D. Michael, J. Cleary, J. Rice, X. Chen, and B. Diamond. 2003. Prolactin modulates the naive B cell repertoire. J. Clin. Invest. 111:275.