Regulation of membrane transport by rab GTPases

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Volumn 38, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 121-142

  Deneka, Magdalena ^a   Neeft, Maaike ^a   Van Der Sluijs, Peter ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER UTRECHT   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Effectors; Membrane traffic; Rab proteins

Indexed keywords

ACTIN; GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTOR; GUANOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE; GUANOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE ACTIVATING PROTEIN; RAB PROTEIN;

CELL MEMBRANE TRANSPORT; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; CYTOPLASM; CYTOSKELETON; ENZYME ACTIVITY; MEMBRANE VESICLE; MICROTUBULE ORGANIZING CENTER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN ANALYSIS; PROTEIN DOMAIN; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; PROTEIN STRUCTURE; REVIEW; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS;

RUMEX;

EID: 0038393059     PISSN: 10409238     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/713609214     Document Type: Review

References (184)

1. Adamo, J.E., Rossi, G., and Brennwald, P. (1999) The rho GTPase rho3 has a direct role in exocytosis that is distinct from its role in actin polarity. Mol. Biol. Cell, 10, 4121-4133.
2. Albert, S., Will, E., and Gallwitz, D. (1999) Identification of the catalytic domains and their functionally critical arginine residues of two yeast GTPase activating proteins specific for ypt/rab transport GTPases. EMBO J., 18, 5216-5225.
3. Allan, B.B., Moyer, B.D., and Balch, W.E. (2000) Rab1 recruitment of p115 into a cis-SNARE complex: programming budding COPII vesicles for fusion. Science, 289, 444-448.
4. Alory, C. and Balch, W.E. (2001) Organization of the Rab-GDI/CHM superfamily: the functional basis for choroideremia disease. Traffic, 2, 532-543.
5. Alto, N.M., Soderling, J., and Scott, J.D. (2002) Rab32 is an A-kinase anchoring protein and participates in mitochondrial dynamics. J. Cell Biol., 158, 659-668.
6. Amraoui, A.E., Schonn, J.S., Andermann, P.K., Blanchard, S., Desnos, C., Henry, J.P., Wulfrum, U., Darchen, F., and Petit, C. (2002) MyRIP, a novel rab effector, enables myosin VIIa recruitment to retinal melanosomes. EMBO Rep., 3, 463-470.
7. Bahadoran, E.K., Aberdam, E., Mantoux, F., Busca, R., Bille, K., Yalman, N., de Saint-Basili, G., Casaroli-Marano, R., Ortonne, J.P., and Ballotti, R. (2001) Rab27a: a key to melanosome transport in human melanocytes. J. Cell Biol., 102, 843-850.
8. Bar-Sagi, D. and Feramisco, J.R. (1986) Induction of membrane ruffling and fluid-phase endocytosis in quiescent fibroblasts by ras proteins. Science, 233, 1061-1068.
9. Barr, F.A., Puype, M., VandeKerckhove, J., and Warren, G. (1997) GRASP65, a protein involved in the stacking of Golgi cisternae. Cell, 91, 253-262.
10. Barrowman, J., Sacher, M., and Ferro-Novick, S. (2000) TRAPP stably associates with the Golgi and is required for vesicle docking. EMBO J., 19, 862-869.
11. Bielli, A., Thörnqvist, P.O., Hendrick, A.G., Finn, R., Fitzgerald, K., and McCaffrey, M.W. (2001) The small GTPase rab4a interacts with the central region of cytoplasmic dynein light intermediate chain. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 281, 1141-1153.
12. Bleazard, W., McCaffery, J., King, E., Bale, S., Mozdy, A., Tieu, Q., Nunnari, J., and Shaw, J. (1999) The dynamin-related GTPase Dnm1 regulates mitochondrial fission in yeast. Nat. Cell. Biol., 1, 298-304.
13. Brennwald, P. and Novick, P. (1993) Interaction of three domains that distinguishing the Ras related GTP binding proteins Ypt1 from SEC4. Nature, 362, 557-560.
14. Broadie, K., Prokop, A., Bellen, H.J., O'Kane, C.J., Schulze, K.L. and Sweeney, S.T. (1995) Syntaxin and synaptobrevin function downstream of vesicle docking in Drosophila. Neuron, 15, 663-673.
15. Brymora, A., Valova, V.A., Larsen, M.R., Roufogalis, B.D., and Robinson, P.J. (2001) The brain exocyst complex interacts with Ra1A in a GTP-dependent manner: identification of a novel mammalian sec3 gene and a second sec15 gene. J. Biol. Chem., 276, 29792-29797.
16. Bucci, C., Thomsen, P., Nicoziani, P., McCarthy, J., and van Deurs, B. (2000) Rab7: a key to lysosome biogenesis. Mol. Biol. Cell, 11, 467-480.
17. Bucci, C., Wandinger-Ness, A., Lütcke, A., Chiarello, M., Bruni, C.B. and Zerial, M. (1994) Rab5a is a common component of the apical and basolateral endocytic machinery in polarized epithelial cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 5061-5065.
18. Burd, C.G., Mustol, P.A., Schu, P.V., and Emr, S.D. (1996) A yeast protein related to a mammalian ras-binding protein, vps9p, is required for localization of vacuolar proteins. Mol. Cell Biol., 16, 2369-2377.
19. Cantalupo, G., Alifano, P., Roberti, V., Bruni, C.B., and Bucci, C. (2001) Rab-interacting lysosomal protein (RILP): the rab7 effector required for transport to lysosomes. EMBO J., 20, 683-693.
20. Cao, X., Ballew, N., and Barlowe, C. (1998) Initial docking of ER-derived vesicles requires Uso 1p and Ypt1 but is independent of SNARE proteins. EMBO J., 17, 2156-2165.
21. Cao, X. and Barlowe, C. (2000) Asymmetric requirements for a rabGTPase and SNARE proteins in fusion of COPII vesicles with acceptor membranes. J. Cell Biol., 149, 55-65.
22. Caplan, S., Hartnell, L.M., Aguilar, R.C., Naslavsky, N., and Bonifacino, J.S. (2001) Human Vam6p promotes lysosome clustering and fusion in vivo. J. Cell Biol., 154, 109-122.
23. Carroll, K.S., Hanna, J., Simon, I., Krise, J., Barbero, P., and Pfeffer, S.R. (2001) Role of rab9 GTPase in facilitating receptor recruitment by TIP47. Science, 292, 1373-1376.
24. Casey, P.J. and Seabra, M.C. (1996) Protein prenyltransferases. J. Biol. Chem., 271, 5289-5292.
25. Chatterton, J.E., Hirsch, D., Schwartz, J.J., Bickel, P.E., Rosenberg, R.D., Lodish, H.F., and Krieger, M. (1999) Expression cloning of LDLB, a gene essential for normal Golgi function and assembly of the ldlC complex. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96, 915-920.
26. Chavrier, P., Parton, R.G., Hauri, H.P., Simons, K., and Zerial, M. (1990) Localization of low molecular weight GTP binding proteins to exocytic and endocytic compartments. Cell, 62, 317-329.
27. Chen, Y.A. and Scheller, R.H. (2001) SNARE-mediated membrane fusion. Nature Rev. Mol. Cell Biol., 2, 98-106.
28. Christoforidis, S., Miaczynska, M., Ashman, K., Wilm, M., Zhao, L., Yip, S.C., Waterfield, M.D., Backer, J.M., and Zerial, M. (1999) Phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinases are rab5 effectors. Nature Cell Biol., 1, 249-252.
29. Conibear, E. and Stevens, T.H. (2000) Vps52p, vps53p, and vps54p form a novel multisubunit complex required for protein sorting at the yeast late Golgi. Mol. Biol. Cell, 11, 305-323.
30. Cuif, M.H., Possmayer, F., Zander, H., Bordes, N., Jollivet, F., Courteille, A.C., Lerosey, I.J., Langsley, G., Bornens, M., and Goud, B. (1999) Characterization of GAPC en A, a GTPase activating protein for rab6, part of which associates with the centrosome. EMBO J., 18, 1772-1782.
31. de Renzis, S., Sönnichsen, B., and Zerial, M. (2002) Divalent rab effectors regulate the sub-compartmental organization and sorting function of early endosomes. Nature Cell Biol., 4, 124-133.
32. Diao, A., Rahman, D., Pappin, D.J.C., Lucocq, J., and Lowe, M. (2003) The coiled-coil membrane protein Golgin-84 is a novel rab effector required for Golgi ribbon formation. J. Cell Biol., 160, 201-212.
33. Diaz, E. and Pfeffer, S.R. (1998) TIP47: a cargo selection device for mannose 6-phosphate receptor trafficking. Cell, 93, 433-443.
34. Dirac-Svejstrup, A.B., Sumizawa, T., and Pfeffer, S.R. (1997) Identification of a GDI displacement factor that releases endosomal Rab GTPases from Rab-GDI. EMBO J., 16, 465-472.
35. Du, J.L. and Novick, P.J. (2001) Yeast rab GTPase-activating protein Gyp1p localizes to the Golgi apparatus and is a negative regulator of Ypt1p. Mol. Biol. Cell, 12, 1215-1226.
36. Dunn, B., Stearns, T., and Botstein, D. (1992) Specificity domains distinguishing the ras-related GTPases YPT1 and SEC4. Nature, 362, 560-563.
37. Echard, A., Jollivet, F., Martinez, O., Lacapere, J.J., Rousselet, A., Janoueix-Lerosey, I., and Goud, B. (1998) Interaction of a Golgi associated kinesin-like protein with rab6. Science, 279, 580-585.
38. Echard, A., Opdam, F.J.M., de Leeuw, H.J.P.C., Jollivet, F., Savelkoul, P., Hendriks, W., Voorberg, J., Goud, B., and Fransen, J.A.M. (2000) Alternative splicing of the human rab6A gene generates two close but functionally different isoforms. Mol. Biol. Cell, 11, 3819-3832.
39. Eitzen, G., Thomgren, N., and Wickner, W. (2001) Rho1p and cdc42p act after Ypt7p to regulate vacuole docking. EMBO J., 20, 5650-5656.
40. Faber, P.W., Barnes, G.T., Srinidhi, J., Chen, J., Gusella, J.F., and MacDonald, M.F. (1998) Huntington interacts with a family of WW domain proteins. Hum. Mol. Genet., 7, 1463-1474.
41. Feng, Y., Press, B., and Wandinger Ness, A. (1995) Rab7: an important regulator of late endocytic membrane traffic. J. Cell Biol., 131, 1435-1452.
42. Finger, F.P., Hughes, T.E., and Novick, P. (1998) Sec3p is a spatial landmark for polarized secretion in budding yeast. Cell, 92, 559-571.
43. Fontijn, R.D., Goud, B., Echard, A., Jollivet, F., van Marle, J., Pannekoek, H., and Horrevoets, A.J.G. (2001) The human kinesin-like protein RB6K is under tight cell cycle control and is essential for cytokinesis. Mol. Cell Biol., 21, 2944-2955.
44. Fukuda, M., Kuroda, T.S., and Mikoshiba, K. (2002) Slac2-a/Melanophilin, the missing link between rab27 and Myosin Va: implications of a tripartite protein complex for melanosome transport. J. Biol. Chem., 277, 12432-12436.
45. Furge, K.A., Wong, K., Armstrong, J., Balasubramanian, M., and Albright, C.F. (1998) Byr4 and cdc16 form a two component GTPase activating protein for the Spg1 GPTase that controls septation in fission yeast. Curr. Biol., 8, 947-954.
46. Garcia, E.P., McPherson, P., Chilcote, T.J., Takei, K., and De Camilli, P. (1995) Rbsec1A and B colocalize with syntaxin 1 and SNAP25 throughout the axon, but are not in a stable complex with syntaxin. J. Cell Biol., 129, 105-120.
47. Garrett, M.D., Zahner, J.E., Cheney, C.M., and Novick, P.J. (1994) GDI1 encodes a GDP dissociation inhibitor that plays an essential role in the yeast secretory pathway. EMBO J., 13, 1718-1728.
48. Gavin, A.C. (2002) Functional organization of the yeast proteome by systematic analysis of protein complexes. Nature, 415, 141-147.
49. Girod, A., Stogie, B., Simpson, J.C., Johannes, L., Goud, B., Roberts, L.M., Lord, J., Nilsson, T., and Pepperkok, R. (1999) Evidence for a COP-I-independent transport route from the Golgi complex to the endoplasmic reticulum. Nature Cell Biol., 1, 423-430.
50. Govindan, B., Bowser, R., and Novick, P. (1995) The role of Myo 2, a yeast class V myosin, in vesicular transport. J. Cell Biol., 128, 1055-1068.
51. Grindstaff, K.K., Yeaman, C., Anandasabapathy, N., Hsu, S.C., Rodriguez-Boulan, E., Scheller, R.H., and Nelson, W.J. (1998) Sec6/8 complex is recruited to cell-cell contacts and specifies transport vesicle delivery to the basal-lateral membrane in epithelial cells. Cell, 93, 731-740.
52. Guo, W., Roth, D., Walch-Solimena, C., and Novick, P. (1999) The exocyst is an effector for Sec4p, targeting secretory vesicles to sites of exocytosis. EMBO J., 18, 1071-1081.
53. Guo, W., Tamanoi, F., and Novick, P. (2001) Spatial regulation of the exocyst complex by RhoI GTPase. Nature Cell Biol., 3, 353-360.
54. Hales, C.M., Griner, R., Hobdy-Henderson, C., Dorn, M.C., Hardy, D., Kumar, R., Navarre, J., Chan, E.K.L., Lapierre, L.A., and Goldenring, J.R. (2001) Identification and characterization of a family of rab11-interacting proteins. J. Biol. Chem., 276, 39067-39075.
55. Hales, C.M., Vaerman, J.P., and Goldenring, J.R. (2002) Rab11 family interacting protein 2 associates with myosin Vb and regulates plasma membrane recycling. J. Biol. Chem., 277, 50415-50421.
56. Hattula, K., Furuhjem, J., Arffman, A., and Peränen, J. (2002) A rab8-specific GDP/GTP exchange factor is involved in actin remodeling and polarized membrane transport. Mol. Biol. Cell, 13, 3268-3280.
57. Hattula, K. and Peränen, J. (2000) FIP-2, a coiled coil protein, links Huntington to rab8 and modulates cellular morphogenesis. Curr. Biol., 10, 1603-1606.
58. Hill, E., Clarke, M., and Barr, F. (2000) The rab6-binding kinesin, rab6-KIFL, is required for cytokinesis. EMBO J., 119, 5711-5719.
59. Horiuchi, H., Lippe, R., McBride, H.M., Rubino, M., Woodman, P., Stenmark, H., Rybin, V., Wilm, M., Ashman, K., Mann, M., and Zerial, M. (1997) A novel rab5 GDP/GTP exchange factor complexed to rabaptin-5 links nucleotide exchange to effector recruitment and function. Cell, 90, 1149-1159.
60. Huber, L.A., deHoop, M.J., Dupree, P., Zerial, M., Simons, K., and Dotti, C. (1993a) Protein transport to the dendritic plasma membrane of cultured neurons is regulated by rab8p. J. Cell Biol., 123, 47-56.
61. Huber, L.A., Pimplikar, S., Parton, R.G., Virta, H., Zerial, M., and Simons, K. (1993b) Rab8, a small GTPase involved in vesicular traffic between the TGN and the basolateral plasma membrane. J. Cell Biol., 123, 35-46.
62. Hume, A.N., Collinson, L.M., Rapak, A., Gomes, A.Q., Hopkins, C.R. and Seabra, M.C. (2001) Rab27a regulates the peripheral distribution of melanosomes in melanocytes. J. Cell Biol, 152, 795-808.
63. Imamura, H., Takaishi, K., Nakano, K., Kodama, A., Oishi, H., Shiozaki, H., Monden, M., Sasaki, T., and Takai, Y. (1998) Rho and rab small G proteins coordinately reorganize stress fibers and focal adhesions in MDCK cells. Mol. Biol. Cell, 9, 2561-2575.
64. Isenmann, S., Khew-Goodall, Y., Gamble, J., Vadas, M., and Wattenberg, B.W. (1998) A splice-isoform of vesicle-associated protein-1 (VAMP-1) contains a mitochondrial targeting sequence. Mol. Biol. Cell, 9, 1649-1660.
65. Jedd, G., Mulholland, J., and Segev, N. (1997) Two new Ypt GTPases are required for exit from the yeast trans Golgi compartment. J. Cell Biol., 137, 563-580.
66. Jones, S., Newman, C., Liu, F., and Segev, N. (2000) The TRAPP complex is a nucleotide exchanger for ypt1 and ypt31/32. Mol. Biol. Cell, 11, 4403-4411.
67. Jordens, I., Fernandez-Borja, M., Marsman, M., Dusseljee, S., Janssen, L., Calafat, J., Janssen, H., Wubbolts, R., and Neefjes, J. (2001) The rab7 effector protein RILP controls lysosomal transport by inducing the recruitment of dynein-dynactin motors. Curr. Biol., 11, 1680-1685.
68. Kauppi, M., Simonsen, A., Bremnes, B., Vieira, A., Callaghan, J., Stenmark, H., and Olkkonen, V.M. (2002) The small GTPase rab22 interacts with EEA1 and controls endosomal trafficking. J. Cell Sci., 115, 899-911.
69. Kee, Y., Yoo, J.S., Hazuka, C., Peterson, K.E., Hsu, S.C., and Scheller, R.H. (1997) Subunit structure of the mammalian exocyst complex. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94, 14438-14443.
70. Klopfenstein, D., Tomishige, M., Stuurman, N., and Vale, R.D. (2002) Role of phosphatidylinositol(4,5)bisphosphate organization in membrane transport by the Unc104 kinesin motor. Cell, 109, 347-358.
71. Kuroda, T.S., Fukuda, M., Ariga, H., and Mikoshiba, K. (2002) The Slp homology domain of synaptotagmin-like proteins 1-4 and slac2 functions as a novel rab27a binding domain. J. Biol. Chem., 277, 9212-9218.
72. Lanzetti, L., Rybin, V., Malabarba, M.G., Christoforidis, S., Scita, G., Zerial, M., and Di Fiore, P.P. (2000) The Eps8 protein coordinates EGF receptor signaling through rac and trafficking through rab5. Nature, 408, 374-377.
73. Lapierre, L.A., Kumar, R., Hales, C.M., Navarre, J., Bhartur, S.G., Burnette, J.O., Provance Jr, D.W., Mercer, J.A., Bähler, M., and Goldenring, J.R. (2001) Myosin Vb is associated with plasma membrane recycling systems. Mol. Biol. Cell, 12, 1843-1857.
74. Lebrand, C., Corti, M., Goodson, H., Cosson, P., Cavalli, V., Mayran, N., Faure, J., and Gruenberg, J. (2002) Late endosome motility depends on lipids via the small GTPase rab7. EMBO J., 21, 1289-1300.
75. Lindsay, A.J., Hendrick, A.G., Cantalupo, G., Matuglia, F.S., Goud, B., Bucci, C., and McCaffrey, M.W. (2002) Rab coupling protein (RCP), a novel rab4 and rab11 effector protein. J. Biol. Chem., 277, 12190-12199.
76. Linstedt, A.D., Jesch, S.A., Mehta, A., Lee, T., Mata, R.G., Nelson, D.S., and Sztul, E. (2000) Binding relationships of membrane tethering components: the giantin N-terminus and the GM130 N-terminus compete for binding to the p115 C-terminus. J. Biol. Chem., 275, 10196-10201.
77. Lippe, R., Miaczynska, M., Rybin, V., Runge, A., and Zerial, M. (2001) Functional synergy between rab5 effector rabaptin-5 and exchange factor rabex-5 when physically associated in a complex. Mol. Biol. Cell, 12, 2219-2228.
78. Liu, X.L., Ondek, B., and Williams, D.S. (1998) Mutant myosin VII causes defective melanosome distribution in the retinal pigment epithelium of shaker-1 mice. Nature Genet., 19, 117-118.
79. Lombardi, D., Soldati, T., Riederer, M., Zerial, M., and Pfeffer, S. (1993) Rab 9 functions in transport between late endosomes and the trans Golgi network. EMBO J., 12, 677-682.
80. Luo, H.R., Saiardi, A., Nagata, E., Ye, K., Yu, H., Jung, T.S., Luo, X., Jain, S., Sawa, A., and Snyder, S.H. (2001) GRAB: A physiologic guanine nucleotide exchange factor for rab3A, which interacts with inositol hexakisphosphate kinase. Neuron, 31, 439-451.
81. Mallard, F., Tang, B.L., Galli, T., Tenza, D., Yue, X., Antony, C., Hong, W., Goud, B., and Johannes, L. (2002) Early/recycling endosomes-to-TGN transport involves two SNARE complexes and a rab6 isoform. J. Cell Biol., 156, 653-664.
82. Manser, E., Loo, T.H., Koh, C.G., Zhao, Z.S., Chen, X.Q., Tan, L., Tan, I., Leung, T., and Lim, L. (1998) PAK kinases are directly coupled to the PIX family of nucleotide exchange factors. Mol. Cell, 1, 183-192.
83. Martinez, O., Anthony, C., Arnaudet, G.P., Berger, E.G., Salamero, J., and Goud, B. (1997) GTP bound forms of rab6 induce the redistribution of Golgi proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94, 1828-1833.
84. Martinez, O., Schmidt, A., Salamero, J., Hoflack, B., Roa, M., and Goud, B. (1994) The small GTP binding protein rab6 functions in intra Golgi transport. J. Cell Biol., 127, 1575-1588.
85. Matanis, T., Akhamanova, A., Wulf, P., Del Nery, E., Weide, T., Stepanova, T., Galjart, N., Grosveld, F., Goud, B., de Zeeuw, C.I., Barnekow, A., and Hoogenraad, C.C. (2002) Bicaudal-D regulates COPI-independent Golgi-ER transport by recruiting the dynein-dynactin motor complex. Nature Cell Biol., 4, 986-992.
86. Matesic, L.E., Yip, R., Reuss, A.E., Swing, D.A., O'Sullivan, T.N., Fletcher, C.F., Copeland, N.G., and Jenkins, N.A. (2001) Mutations in Mlph, encoding a member of the rab effector family, cause the melanosome transport defects observed in leaden mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 98, 10238-10243.
87. Matoskova, B., Wong, W.T., Nomura, N., Robbins, K.C., and di Fiore, P. (1996) RN-tre specifically binds to the SH3 domain of eps8 with high affinity and confers growth advantage to NIH3T3 upon carboxyterminal truncation. Oncogene, 12, 2679-2688.
88. McBride, H.M., Rybin, V., Murphy, C., Giner, A., Teasdale, R., and Zerial, M. (1999) Oligomeric complexes link rab5 effectors with NSF and drive membrane fusion via interactions between EEA1 and syntaxin 13. Cell, 98, 377-386.
89. McLaughlan, H., Newell, J., Morrice, N., Osborne, A., West, M., and Smythe, E. (1998) A novel role for rab-GDI in ligand sequestration into clathrin-coated pits. Curr. Biol., 8, 34-45.
90. Menasche, H., Pastural, E., Feldmann, J., Certain, S., Ersoy, F., Dupuis, S., Wulffraat, N., Bianchi, D., Fischer, A., Le Deist, F., and de Saint Basile, G. (2000) Mutations in rab27a cause Griscelli's syndrome associated with haemophagocytic syndrome. Nature Genet., 25, 173-176.
91. Mercer, J.A., Seperack, P.K., Strobel, M.C., Copeland, N.G., and Jenkins, N.A. (1991) Novel myosin heavy chain encoded by murine dilute coat color locus. Nature, 349, 709-713.
92. Mollard, G.F., Mignery, G.A., Baumert, M., Perin, M.S., Hanson, T.J., Burger, P.M., Jahn, R., and Südhof, T.C. (1990) rab3 is a small GTP binding protein exclusively localized to synaptic vesicles. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 87, 1988-1992.
93. Moore, K.J., Swing, D.A., Rinchik, E.M., Mucenski, M.L., Buchberg, A., Copeland, N.G., and Jenkins, N.A. (1988) The murine dilute suppressor gene dsu suppresses the coat color phenotype of three pigment mutations that alter melanocyte morphology. Genetics, 119, 933-941.
94. Moskalenko, S., Henry, D.O., Rosse, C., Mirey, G., Camonis, J.H., and White, M.A. (2002) The exocyst is a ral effector complex. Nature Cell Biol., 4, 66-72.
95. Moyer, B.D., Allan, B.B., and Balch, W.E. (2001) Rab1 interaction with GM130 effector complex regulates COPII vesicle cis-Golgi tethering. Traffic, 2, 268-276.
96. Müller, O., Johnson, D.I., and Mayer, A. (2001) Cdc42p functions at the docking stage of yeast acuole membrane fusion. EMBO J., 20, 5647-5665.
97. Nagelkerken, B., van Anken, E., van Raak, M., Gerez, L., Mohrmann, K., van Uden, N., Holthuizen, J., Pelkmans, L., and van der Sluijs, P. (2000) Rabaptin4, a novel effector of rab4a, is recruited to perinuclear recycling vesicles. Biochem. J., 346, 593-601.
98. Nakashima, S., Morinaka, K., Koyama, S., Ikeda, M., Kishida, M., Okawa, K., Iwamatsu, A., Kishida, S., and Kikuchi, A. (1999) Small G protein ral and its downstream molecules regulate endocytosis of EGF and insulin receptors. EMBO J., 18, 3629-3642.
99. Nelson, D.S., Alvarez, C., Gao, Y., Mata, R.G., Fialkowski, E., and Sztul, E. (1998) The membrane transport factor TAP/p115 cycles between the Golgi and earlier secretory compartments and contains distinct domains required for its localization and function. J. Cell Biol., 143, 319-331.
100. Nemoto, Y. and De Camilli, P. (1999) Recruitment of an alternatively spliced form of synaptojanin 2 to mitochondria by the interaction with the PDZ domain of a mitochondrial outer membrane protein. EMBO J., 18, 2991-3006.
101. Neuwald, A.F. (1997) A shared domain between a spindle assembly checkpoint protein and Ypt/rab-specific GTPase activators. Trends Biochem. Sci., 22, 243-244.
102. Nielsen, E., Christoforidis, S., Utenwiler-Joseph, S., Miaczynska, M., Dewitte, F., Wilm, M., Hoflack, B., and Zerial, M. (2000) Rabenosyn-5, a novel rab5 effector, is complexed with hVPS45 and recruited to endosomes through a FYVE finger domain. J. Cell Biol., 151, 601-612.
103. Nielsen, E., Severin, F., Backer, J.M., Hyman, A.A., (1999) Rab5 regulates motility of early endosomes on microtubules. Nature Cell Biol., 1, 376-382.
104. Nislow, C., Lombillo, V., Kuriyama, R., and McIntosh, J.R. (1992) A plus end directed motor enzyme that moves antiparallel microtubules in vitro localizes to the interzone of mitotic spindles. Nature, 359, 543-547.
105. Ostermeier, C. and Brunger, A.T. (1999) Structural basis of rab effector specificity: crystal structure of the small G protein rab3A complexed with the effector domain of rabphilin-3A. Cell, 96, 363-374.
106. Peranen, J., Auvinen, P., Virta, H., Wepf, R., and Simons, K. (1996) Rab8 promotes polarized membrane transport through reorganization of actin and microtubules in fibroblasts. J. Cell Biol., 135, 153-168.
107. Pereira-Leal, J.B. and Seabra, M.C. (2000) The mammalian rab family of small GTPases: definition of family and subfamily sequence motifs suggests a mechanism for fundamental specificity in the ras superfamily. J. Mol. Biol., 301, 1077-1087.
108. Peterson, M.R. and Emr, S.D. (2001) The class C vps complex functions at multiple stages of the vacuolar transport pathway. Traffic, 2, 476-486.
109. Pfeffer, S.R. (1999) Transport vesicle targeting: tethers before SNAREs. Nature Cell Biol., 1, E17-E22.
110. Pfeffer, S.R. (2001) Constructing a Golgi complex. J. Cell Biol., 155, 873-875.
111. Polzin, A., Shipitsin, M., Goi, T., Feig, L.A., and Turner, T.J. (2002) Ral-GTPase influences the regulation of the readily releasable pool of synaptic vesicles. Mol. Cell Biol., 22, 1714-1722.
112. Prekeris, R., Davies, J.M., and Scheller, R.H. (2001) Identification of a novel rab11/25 binding domain present in eferin and rip proteins. J. Biol. Chem., 276, 38966-38970.
113. Press, B., Feng, Y., Hoflack, B., and Wandinger-Ness, A. (1998) Mutant rab7 causes the accumulation of cathepsin D and cation independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor in an early endocytic compartment. J. Cell Biol., 140, 1075-1089.
114. Price, A., Seals, D., Wickner, W., and Ungermann, C. (2000a) The docking stage of yeast vacuole fusion requires the transfer of proteins from a cis-SNARE complex to a rab/ypt protein. J. Cell Biol., 148, 1231-1238.
115. Price, A., Wickner, W., and Ungermann, C. (2000b) Vacuole protein sorting (Vps) proteins needed for transport vesicle budding from the Golgi are also required for the docking step of homotypic vacuole fusion. J. Cell Biol., 148, 1223-1230.
116. Rak, A., Fedrov, A., Alexandrov, K., Albert, S., Goody, R.S., and Gallwitz, D. (2000) Crystal structure of the GAP domain of Gyp1p: first insights into the interaction with Ypt/rab proteins. EMBO J., 19, 5105-5113.
117. Rieder, S.E. and Emr, S.D. (1997) A novel RING finger protein complex essential for a late step in protein transport to the yeast vacuole. Mol. Biol. Cell, 8, 2307-2327.
118. Rittinger, K., Walker, P.A., Eccleston, J.F., Nurmahomed, K., Owen, D., Laue, E., Gamblin, S.J., and Smerdon, S.J. (1997) Crystal structure of a small G protein m complex with the GTPase-activating proein rhoGAP. Nature, 388, 693-697.
119. Robinson, N.G., Guo, L., Imai, J., Toh-e, A., Matsui, Y., and Tamanoi, F. (1999) Rho3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which regulates the actin cytoskeleton and exocytosis, is a GTPase which interacts with Myo2 and Exo70. Mol. Cell Biol., 19, 3580-3587.
120. Rodriguez, O.C. and Cheney, R.E. (2002) Human myosin-Vc is a novel class myosin expressed in epithelial cells. J. Cell Sci., 115, 991-1004.
121. Rubino, M., Miaczynska, M., Lippe, R., and Zerial, M. (2000) Selective membrane recruitment of EEA1 suggests a role in directional transport of clathrin coated vesicles to early endosomes. J. Biol. Chem., 275, 3745-3748.
122. Sacher, M., Barrowman, J., Wang, W., Horecka, J., Zhang, Y., Pypaert, M., and Ferro-Novick, S. (2001) TRAPP is implicated in the specificity of tethering in ER to Golgi transport. Mol. Cell, 7, 433-442.
123. Sacher, M., Jiang, Y., Barrowman, J., Scarpa, A., Burston, J., Zhang, L., Schieltz, D., Yates, J.R., Abeliovich, H., and Ferro-Novick, S.F. (1998) TRAPP, a highly conserved novel complex on the cis-Golgi that mediates vesicle docking and fusion. EMBO J., 17, 2494-2504.
124. Sakisaka, T., Meerlo, T., Matteson, J., Plutner, H., and Balch, W.E. (2002) Rab-alphaGDI activity is regulated by a hsp90 chaperone complex. EMBO J., 21, 6125-6135.
125. Sapperstein, S., Walter, D.M., Grosvenor, A.R., Heuser, J.E., and Waters, M.G. (1995) p115 is a general vesicular transport factor related to the yeast endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi transport factor uso1p. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 92, 522-526.
126. Sato, T.K., Darsow, T., and Emr, S.D. (1998) Vam7p, a SNAP-25 like molecule, and Vam3p, a syntaxin homolog, function together in yeast vacuolar protein trafficking. Mol. Cell Biol., 18, 5308-5319.
127. Sato, T.K., Rehling, P., Peterson, M.R., and Emr, S.D. (2000) Class Vps protein complex regulates vacuolar SNARE pairing and is required for vesicle docking/fusion. Mol. Cell, 6, 661-671.
128. Scheffzek, K., Ahmadian, M.R., KAbsch, W., Wiesmüller, L., Lautwein, A., Schmitz, F., and Wittinghofer, A. (1997) The Ras-rasGAP complex: basis for GTPase activation and its loss in oncogenic ras mutants. Science, 277, 333-338.
129. Schott, D., Ho, J., Pruyne, D., and Bretscher, A. (1999) The COOH terminal domain of Myo2p, a yeast myosin V has a direct role in secretory vesicle targeting. J. Cell Biol., 147, 791-807.
130. Scita, G., Nordstrom, J., Carbone, R., Tenca, P., Giardina, G., Gutkind, S., Bjarnegard, M., Betsholtz, C., and di Fiore, P. (1999) Eps8 and E3B1 transduce signals from ras to rac. Nature, 401, 290-293.
131. Seachrist, J.L., Laporte, S.A., Dale, L.B., Babwah, A.V., Caron, M.G., Anborgh, P.H., and Ferguson, S.S. (2002) Rab5 association with the angiotensin II type 1A receptor promotes Rab5 GTP binding and vesicular fusion. J. Biol. Chem., 277, 679-685.
132. Seeley, E.S., Kato, M., Margolis, N., Wickner, W., and Eitzen, G. (2002) Genomic analysis of homotypic vacuole fusion. Mol. Biol. Cell, 13, 782-794.
133. Segev, N., Mullholland, J., and Botstein, D. (1988) The yeast GTP-binding YPT1 protein and a mammalian counterpart are associated with the secretion machinery. Cell, 52, 915-924.
134. Seog, D.H., Kito, M., Igarashi, K., and Yamasaki, M. (1994) Molecular characterization of the USO1 gene product which is essential for vesicular transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 200, 647-653.
135. Short, B., Preisinger, C., Körner, R., Kopajtich, R., Byron, O. and Barr, F.A. (2001) A GRASP55-rab2 effector complex linking Golgi structure to membrane traffic. J. Cell Biol., 155, 877-883.
136. Short, B., Preisinger, C., Schaletzky, J., Kopajtich, R., and Barr, F.A. (2002) The rab6 GTPase regulates recruitment of the dynactin complex to Golgi membranes. Curr. Biol., 12, 1792-1795.
137. Simonsen, A., Lippe, R., Christoforidis, S., Gaullier, J.M., Brech, A., Callaghan, J., Toh, B.H., Murphy, C., Zerial, M., and Stenmark, H. (1998) EEA1 links PI(3)K function to rab5 regulation of endosome fusion. Nature, 394, 494-498.
138. Siniossoglou, S. and Pelham, H.R.B. (2001) An effector of Ypt6p binds the SNARE Tlg1p and mediates selective fusion of vesicles with late Golgi membranes. EMBO J., 20, 5991-5998.
139. Siniossoglou, S., S.Y.P., C., and Pelham, H.R.B. (2000) Ric1p and Rgp1p form a complex that catalyzes nucleotide exchange on Ypt6p. EMBO J., 19, 4885-4894.
140. Soldati, T., Shapiro, A.D., Svejstrup, A.B.D., and Pfeffer, S. (1994) Membrane targeting of the small GTPase rab9 is accompanied by nucleotide exchange. Nature. 369, 76-78.
141. Sönnichsen, B., De Renzis, S., Nielsen, E., Rietdorf, J., and Zerial, M. (2000) Distinct membrane domains on endosomes in the recycling pathway visualized by multicolor imaging of rab4, rab5, and rab11. J. Cell Biol., 149, 901-913.
142. Sönnichsen, B., Lowe, M., Levine, T., Jämsä, E., Dirac-Svejstrup, B., and Warren, G. (1998) A role for giantin in docking COPI vesicles to Golgi membranes. J. Cell Biol., 140, 1013-1021.
143. Sönnichsen, B., Watson, R., Clausen, H., Misteli, T., and Warren, G. (1996) Sorting of COP-I coated vesicles under interphase and mitotic conditions. J. Cell Biol., 134, 1411-1426.
144. Stearns, T., Willingham, M.C., Botstein, D., and Kahn, R.A. (1990) ADP-ribosylation factor is functionally and physicaly associated with the Golgi complex. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 87, 1238-1242.
145. Stenmark, H., Valencia, A., Martinez, O., Ullrich, O., Goud, B., and Zerial, M. (1994) Distinct structural elements of rab5 define its functional specificity. EMBO J., 13, 575-583.
146. Stinchcombe, J.C., Barral, D.C., Mules, E.H., Booth, S., Hume, A.N., Machesky, L.M., Seabra, M.C., and Griffiths, G.M. (2001) Rab27a is required for regulated secretion in cytotoxic T lymphocytes. J. Cell Biol., 152, 825-834.
147. Stroupe, C. and Brunger, A. (2000) Crystal structures of a rab protein in its inactive and active conformations. J. Mol. Biol., 304, 585-598.
148. Sugihara, K., Asano, S., Tanaka, K., Iwamatsu, A., Okawa, K., and Ohta, Y. (2002) The exocyst complex binds the small GTPase ralA to mediate filopodia formation. Nature Cell Biol., 4, 73-78.
149. Sutton, R.B., Fasshauer, D., Jahn, R., and Brunger, A.T. (1998) Crystal structure of a SNARE complex involved in synaptic exocytosis at 2.4 Å resolution. Nature, 395, 347-353.
150. Suvorova, E.S., Duden, R., and Lupashin, V.V. (2002) The Sec34p/Sec35p complex, a Ypt1p effector required for retrograde intra-Golgi trafficking, interacts with Golgi SNAREs and COPI vesicle coat proteins. J. Cell Biol., 157, 631-643.
151. Tall, G.G., Barbieri, M.A., Stahl, P.D., and Horazdovsky, B.F. (2001) Ras-activated endocytosis is mediated by the rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange activity of RIN1. Dev. Cell, 1, 73-82.
152. TerBush, D.R., Maurice, T., Roth, D., and Novick, P. (1996) The exocyst is a multiprotein complex required for exocytosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. EMBO J., 15, 6483-6494.
153. TerBush, D.R. and Novick, P. (1995) Sec6, sec8, and sec15 are components of a multisubunit complex which localizes to small bud tips in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Cell Biol., 130, 299-312.
154. Uetz, P., Giot, L., Cagney, G., Mansfield, T.A., Judson, R.S., Knight, J.R., Lockshon, D., Narayan, V., Srinivasan, M., Pochart, P., Qureshi-Emili, A., Li, Y., Godwin, B., Conover, D., Kalbfleisch, T., Vijayadamodar, G., Yang, M., Johnston, M., Fields, S., and Rothberg, J.M. (2000) A comprehensive analysis of protein-protein interactions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nature, 403, 623-627.
155. Ullrich, O., Horiuchi, H., Bucci, C., and Zerial, M. (1994) Membrane association of rab5 mediated by GDP-dissociation inhibitor and accompanied by GDP/GTP exchange. Nature, 368, 157-160.
156. Ungar, D., Oka, T., Brittle, E.E., Vasile, E., Lupashin, V.I., Chatterton, J.E., Heuser, J.E., Krieger, M., and Waters, M.G. (2002) Characterization of a mammalian Golgi localized protein complex, COG, that is required for normal Golgi morphology and function. J. Cell Biol., 157, 405-415.
157. Valencia, A., Chardin, P., Wittinghofer, A., and Sander, C. (1991a) The ras protein family: evolutionary tree and role of conserved amino acids. Biochemistry, 30, 4637-4648.
158. Valencia, A., Kleldgaard, M., Pai, E.F., and Sander, C. (1991b) GTPase domains of ras p21 oncogene protein and elongation factor Tu: analysis of three-dimensional structures, sequence families, and functional sites. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88, 5443-5447.
159. Valentijn, J.A., Valentijn, K., Pastore, L., and Jamieson, J.D. (2000) Actin coating of secretory granules during regulated exocytosis correlates with the release of rab3D. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 97, 1091-1095.
160. Valsdottir, R., Hashimoto, H., Ashman, K., Koda, T., Storrie, B., and Nilsson, T. (2001) Identification of rabaptin-5, rabex-5, and GM130 as putative effectors of rab33b, a regulator of retrograde traffic between the Golgi apparatus and ER. FEBS Lett., 508, 201-209.
161. van IJzendoorn, S.C.D., Tuvim, M.J., Weimbs, T., Dickey, B.F., and Mostov, K.E. (2002) Direct interaction between rab3b and the polymeric IgG receptor controls ligand-stimulated transcytosis in epithelial cells. Dev. Cell, 2, 219-228.
162. van Rheenen, S.M., Sapperstein, S.K., Chiang, E.C., Lupashin, V.V., Barlowe, C., and Waters, M.G. (1999) Sec34p, a protein required for vesicle tethering to the yeast Golgi apparatus, is in a complex with Sec35p. J. Cell Biol., 147, 729-742.
163. Vitale, G., Rybin, V., Christoforidis, S., Thornqvist, P.O., McCaffrey, M., Stenmark, H., and Zerial, M. (1998) Distinct rab-binding domains mediate the interaction of rabaptin-5 with GTP-bound rab4 and rab5. EMBO J., 17, 1941-1951.
164. Wagner, W., Bielli, P., Wacha, S., and Ragnini-Wilson, A. (2002) Mlc1p promotes septum closure during cytokinesis via the IQ motifs of the vesicle motor Myo2p. EMBO J., 21, 6397-6408.
165. Walch-Solimena, C., Collins, R.N., and Novick, P.J. (1997) Sec2p mediates nucleotide exchange on sec4p and is involved in polarized delivery of post Golgi vesicles. J. Cell Biol., 137, 1495-1509.
166. Walch-Solimena, C. and Novick, P. (1999) The yeast phosphatidylinositol-4-OH kinase Pik1 regulates secretion at the Golgi. Nature Cell Biol., 1, 523-525.
167. Wang, J., Takeuchi, T., Yokata, H., and Izumi, T. (1999) Novel rabphilin-3-like protein associates with insulin-containing granules in pancreatic beta cells. J. Biol. Chem., 274, 28542-28548.
168. Wang, W., Sacher, M., and Ferro-Novick, S. (2000) TRAPP stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on Ypt1p. J. Cell Biol., 151, 289-296.
169. Wanker, E.E., Rovira, C., Scherzinger, E., Hasenbank, R., Walter, S., Tait, D., Colicelli, J., and Lehrach, H. (1997) HIP-I: a huntington interacting protein isolated by the yeast two hybrid system. Hum. Mol. Genet., 6, 487-495.
170. Weide, T., Bayer, M., Köster, M., Siebrasse, J.P., Peters, R., and Barnekow, A. (2001) The Golgi matrix protein GM130: a specific interacting partner of the small GTPase rab1b. EMBO rep., 2, 336-341.
171. White, J., Johannes, L., Mallard, F., Girod, A., Grill, S., Reinsch, S., Keller, P., Tzschaschel, B., Echard, A., Goud, B., and Stelzer, E.H.K. (1999) Rab6 coordinates a novel Golgi to ER retrograde transport pathway in live cells. J. Cell Biol., 147, 743-759.
172. Whyte, J.R.C. and Munro, S. (2001) The Sec34/Sec35 Golgi transport complex is related to the exocyst, defining a family of complexes involved in multiple steps of membrane traffic. Dev. Cell, 1, 527-537.
173. Whyte, J.R.C. and Munro, S. (2002) Vesicle tethering complexes in membrane transport. J. Cell Sci., 115, 2627-2637.
174. Wickner, W. (2002) Yeast vacuoles and membrane fusion. EMBO J., 21, 1241-1247.
175. Wilson, S.M., Yip, R., Swing, D.A., O'Sullivan, N., Zhang, Y., Novak, E.K., Swank, R.T., Russell, L.B., Copeland, N.G., and Jenkins, N.A. (2000) A mutation in rab27a causes the vesicle transport defects observed in ashen mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 97, 7933-7938.
176. Wu, X., Bowers, B., Rao, K., Wei, Q., and Hammer III, J.A. (1998) Visualization of melanosome dynamics within wild-type and dilute melanocytes suggests a paradigm for myosin V function in vivo. J. Cell Biol., 143, 1899-1918.
177. Wu, X., Rao, K., Bowers, M.B., Copeland, N.G., Jenkins, N.A., and Hammer III, J.A. (2001) Rab27a enables myosin Va-dependent melanosome capture by recruiting the myosin to the organelle. J. Cell Sci., 114, 1091-1100.
178. Wu, X.S., Rao, K., Zhang, H., Sellers, J.R., Matesic, L.E., Copeland, N.G., Jenkins, N.A., and Hammer III, J.A. (2002) Identification of an organelle receptor for myosin Va. Nature Cell Biol., 4, 1-8.
179. Wurmser, A.E., Sato, T.K., and Emr, S.D. (2000) New component of the vacuolar class C-Vps complex couples nucleotide exchange on the Ypt7 GTPase to SNARE dependent docking and fusion. J. Cell Biol., 151, 551-562.
180. Yamaguchi, A., Urano, T., Goi, T., and Feig, L. (1997) An eps homology (EH) domain protein that binds to the Ral-GTPase target, RalBP1. J. Biol. Chem., 272, 31230-31234.
181. Yang, B., Steegmaier, M., Gonzalez Jr., L.C., and Scheller, R.H. (2000) nsec1 binds a closed conformation of syntaxin1A. J. Cell Biol., 148, 247-252.
182. Yi, Z., Yokota, H., Torii, S., Aoki, T., Hosaka, M., Zhao, S., Takata, K., Takeuchi, T., and Izumi, T. (2002) The rab27a/granuphilin complex regulates the exocytosis of insulin-containing dense-core vesicles. Mol. Cell Biol., 22, 1858-1867.
183. Zacchi, P., Stenmark, H., Parton, R.G., Orioli, D., Lim, F., Giner, A., Zerial, M., and Murphy, C. (1998) Rab17 regulates membrane trafficking through apical recycling endosomes in polarized epithelial cells. J. Cell Biol., 140, 1039-1053.
184. Zhang, C.J., Bowzard, J.B., Greene, M., Anido, A., Sterans, K., and Kahn, R.A. (2002) Genetic interactions kink ARF1, YPT31/YPT32 and TRS130. Yeast, 19, 1075-1108.