메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue 7, 2003, Pages 520-534

Condensin and cohesin: More than chromosome compactor and glue

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COHESIN; CONDENSIN; DNA; GLUE PROTEIN; PROTEIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 0038141196     PISSN: 14710056     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nrg1110     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (182)

References (109)
  • 1
    • 0033940062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SMCs in the world of chromosome biology - From prokaryotes to higher eukaryotes
    • Cobbe, N. & Heck, M. M. SMCs in the world of chromosome biology - from prokaryotes to higher eukaryotes. J. Struct. Biol. 129, 123-143 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Struct. Biol. , vol.129 , pp. 123-143
    • Cobbe, N.1    Heck, M.M.2
  • 2
    • 0037084037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ABCs of SMC proteins: Two-armed ATPases for chromosome condensation, cohesion, and repair
    • Hirano, T. The ABCs of SMC proteins: two-armed ATPases for chromosome condensation, cohesion, and repair. Genes Dev. 16, 399-414 (2002).
    • (2002) Genes Dev. , vol.16 , pp. 399-414
    • Hirano, T.1
  • 3
    • 0036792404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The many functions of SMC proteins in chromosome dynamics
    • Jessberger, R. The many functions of SMC proteins in chromosome dynamics. Nature Rev Mol. Cell Biol. 3, 767-778 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature Rev Mol. Cell Biol. , vol.3 , pp. 767-778
    • Jessberger, R.1
  • 4
    • 0035678054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disseminating the genome: Joining, resolving, and separating sister chromatids during mitosis and meiosis
    • Nasmyth, K. Disseminating the genome: joining, resolving, and separating sister chromatids during mitosis and meiosis. Annu. Rev. Genet. 35, 673-745 (2001).
    • (2001) Annu. Rev. Genet. , vol.35 , pp. 673-745
    • Nasmyth, K.1
  • 5
    • 0035188690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular basis of sister-chromatid cohesion
    • Lee, J. Y. & Orr-Weaver, T. L. The molecular basis of sister-chromatid cohesion. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 17, 753-777 (2001).
    • (2001) Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. , vol.17 , pp. 753-777
    • Lee, J.Y.1    Orr-Weaver, T.L.2
  • 6
    • 0033790431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromosome cohesion, condensation, and separation
    • Hirano, T. Chromosome cohesion, condensation, and separation. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 69, 115-144 (2000).
    • (2000) Annu. Rev. Biochem. , vol.69 , pp. 115-144
    • Hirano, T.1
  • 7
    • 0030886602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A direct link between sister chromatid cohesion and chromosome condensation revealed through the analysis of MCD 1 in S. cerevisiae
    • Guacci, V., Koshland, D. & Strunnikov, A. A direct link between sister chromatid cohesion and chromosome condensation revealed through the analysis of MCD1 in S. cerevisiae. Cell 91, 47-57 (1997).
    • (1997) Cell , vol.91 , pp. 47-57
    • Guacci, V.1    Koshland, D.2    Strunnikov, A.3
  • 8
    • 0030885925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cohesins: Chromosomal proteins that prevent premature separation of sister chromatids
    • Michaelis, C., Ciosk, R. & Nasmyth, K. Cohesins: chromosomal proteins that prevent premature separation of sister chromatids. Cell 91, 35-45 (1997). References 7 and 8 describe the initial genetic screens that identified subunits of cohesin and provided the first description of their function.
    • (1997) Cell , vol.91 , pp. 35-45
    • Michaelis, C.1    Ciosk, R.2    Nasmyth, K.3
  • 9
    • 0033083727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yeast cohesin complex requires a conserved protein, Eco1p(Ctf7), to establish cohesion between sister chromatids during DNA replication
    • Toth, A. et al. Yeast cohesin complex requires a conserved protein, Eco1p(Ctf7), to establish cohesion between sister chromatids during DNA replication. Genes Dev. 13, 320-333 (1999).
    • (1999) Genes Dev. , vol.13 , pp. 320-333
    • Toth, A.1
  • 10
    • 0034312307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of fission yeast cohesin: Essential anaphase proteolysis of Rad 21 phosphorylated in the S phase
    • Tomonaga, T. et al. Characterization of fission yeast cohesin: essential anaphase proteolysis of Rad21 phosphorylated in the S phase. Genes Dev. 14, 2757-2770 (2000).
    • (2000) Genes Dev. , vol.14 , pp. 2757-2770
    • Tomonaga, T.1
  • 11
    • 0033168496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sister-chromatid separation at anaphase onset is promoted by cleavage of the cohesin subunit Scc1
    • Uhlmann, F., Lottspeich, F. & Nasmyth, K. Sister-chromatid separation at anaphase onset is promoted by cleavage of the cohesin subunit Scc1. Nature 400, 37-42 (1999). This paper identifies the cohesin subunit that is proteolytically cleaved at anaphase and provides a mechanistic explanation for the release of cohesion and separation of sister chromatids.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.400 , pp. 37-42
    • Uhlmann, F.1    Lottspeich, F.2    Nasmyth, K.3
  • 12
    • 0035902920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cohesin cleavage by separase required for anaphase and cytokinesis in human cells
    • Hauf, S., Waizenegger, I. C. & Peters, J. M. Cohesin cleavage by separase required for anaphase and cytokinesis in human cells. Science 293, 1320-1323 (2001).
    • (2001) Science , vol.293 , pp. 1320-1323
    • Hauf, S.1    Waizenegger, I.C.2    Peters, J.M.3
  • 13
    • 0037092044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The aurora kinase AIR- 2 functions in the release of chromosome cohesion in Caenorhabditis elegans meiosis
    • Rogers, E., Bishop, J. D., Waddle, J. A., Schumacher, J. M. & Lin, R. The aurora kinase AIR-2 functions in the release of chromosome cohesion in Caenorhabditis elegans meiosis. J. Cell Biol. 157, 219-229 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Cell Biol. , vol.157 , pp. 219-229
    • Rogers, E.1    Bishop, J.D.2    Waddle, J.A.3    Schumacher, J.M.4    Lin, R.5
  • 14
    • 0028081446 scopus 로고
    • Fission yeast cut3 and cut14, members of a ubiquitous protein family, are required for chromosome condensation and segregation in mitosis
    • Saka, Y. et al. Fission yeast cut3 and cut14, members of a ubiquitous protein family, are required for chromosome condensation and segregation in mitosis. EMBO J. 13, 4938-4952 (1994).
    • (1994) EMBO J. , vol.13 , pp. 4938-4952
    • Saka, Y.1
  • 15
    • 0027943721 scopus 로고
    • A heterodimeric coiled-coil protein required for mitotic chromosome condensation in vitro
    • Hirano, T. & Mitchison, T. J. A heterodimeric coiled-coil protein required for mitotic chromosome condensation in vitro. Cell 79, 449-458 (1994).
    • (1994) Cell , vol.79 , pp. 449-458
    • Hirano, T.1    Mitchison, T.J.2
  • 16
    • 0030830639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Condensins, chromosome condensation protein complexes containing XCAP-C, XCAP-E and a Xenopus homolog of the Drosophila Barren protein
    • Hirano, T., Kobayashi, R. & Hirano, M. Condensins, chromosome condensation protein complexes containing XCAP-C, XCAP-E and a Xenopus homolog of the Drosophila Barren protein. Cell 89, 511-521 (1997). References 15 and 16 show that SMC proteins are required for chromosome condensation and the biochemical identification of the condensin complex.
    • (1997) Cell , vol.89 , pp. 511-521
    • Hirano, T.1    Kobayashi, R.2    Hirano, M.3
  • 17
    • 0028942904 scopus 로고
    • SMC2, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene essential for chromosome segregation and condensation, defines a subgroup within the SMC family
    • Strunnikov, A. V., Hogan, E. & Koshland, D. SMC2, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene essential for chromosome segregation and condensation, defines a subgroup within the SMC family. Genes Dev. 9, 587-599 (1995).
    • (1995) Genes Dev. , vol.9 , pp. 587-599
    • Strunnikov, A.V.1    Hogan, E.2    Koshland, D.3
  • 18
    • 0034658675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The condensin complex governs chromosome condensation and mitotic transmission of rDNA
    • Freeman, L., Aragon-Alcaide, L. & Strunnikov, A. The condensin complex governs chromosome condensation and mitotic transmission of rDNA. J. Cell Biol. 149, 811-824 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Cell Biol. , vol.149 , pp. 811-824
    • Freeman, L.1    Aragon-Alcaide, L.2    Strunnikov, A.3
  • 19
    • 0034111790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitotic chromosome condensation requires Brn1p, the yeast homologue of Barren
    • Lavoie, B. D., Tuffo, K. M., Oh, S., Koshland, D. & Holm, C. Mitotic chromosome condensation requires Brn1p, the yeast homologue of Barren. Mol. Biol. Cell 11, 1293-1304 (2000).
    • (2000) Mol. Biol. Cell , vol.11 , pp. 1293-1304
    • Lavoie, B.D.1    Tuffo, K.M.2    Oh, S.3    Koshland, D.4    Holm, C.5
  • 20
    • 0034128642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromosome condensation factor Bm 1p is required for chromatid separation in mitosis
    • Ouspenski, I. I., Cabello, O. A. & Brinkley, B. R. Chromosome condensation factor Bm1p is required for chromatid separation in mitosis. Mol. Biol. Cell 11, 1305-1313 (2000).
    • (2000) Mol. Biol. Cell , vol.11 , pp. 1305-1313
    • Ouspenski, I.I.1    Cabello, O.A.2    Brinkley, B.R.3
  • 21
    • 0035814908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for Drosophila SMC 4 in the resolution of sister chromatids in mitosis
    • Steffensen, S. et al. A role for Drosophila SMC4 in the resolution of sister chromatids in mitosis. Curr. Biol. 11, 295-307 (2001).
    • (2001) Curr. Biol. , vol.11 , pp. 295-307
    • Steffensen, S.1
  • 22
    • 0037087623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • elegans condensin promotes mitotic chromosome architecture, centromere organization, and sister chromatid segregation during mitosis and meiosis
    • Hagstrom, K. A., Holmes, V. F., Cozzarelli, N. R. & Meyer, B. J. C. elegans condensin promotes mitotic chromosome architecture, centromere organization, and sister chromatid segregation during mitosis and meiosis. Genes Dev. 16, 729-742 (2002). Along with reference 80, this paper indicates that condensin subunit homologues in C. elegans might localize to the centromere and have a role in building and orientating the centromere towards the spindle poles during chromosome condensation. It also shows that in mitosis, MIX-1 associates with an SMC homologue that is not involved in dosage compensation.
    • (2002) Genes Dev. , vol.16 , pp. 729-742
    • Hagstrom, K.A.1    Holmes, V.F.2    Cozzarelli, N.R.3    Meyer, B.J.C.4
  • 23
    • 0030582717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromatid segregation at anaphase requires the barren product, a novel chromosome-associated protein that interacts with Topoisomerase II
    • Bhat, M. A., Philp, A. V., Glover, D. M. & Bellen, H. J. Chromatid segregation at anaphase requires the barren product, a novel chromosome-associated protein that interacts with Topoisomerase II. Cell 87, 1103-1114 (1996).
    • (1996) Cell , vol.87 , pp. 1103-1114
    • Bhat, M.A.1    Philp, A.V.2    Glover, D.M.3    Bellen, H.J.4
  • 24
    • 0033200339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fission yeast condensin complex: Essential roles of non-SMC subunits for condensation and Cdc2 phosphorylation of Cut3/SMC 4
    • Sutani, T. et al. Fission yeast condensin complex: essential roles of non-SMC subunits for condensation and Cdc2 phosphorylation of Cut3/SMC4. Genes Dev. 13, 2271-2283 (1999).
    • (1999) Genes Dev. , vol.13 , pp. 2271-2283
    • Sutani, T.1
  • 25
    • 0034195219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex in the worm: Counting and compensating X-chromosome dose
    • Meyer, B. J. Sex in the worm: counting and compensating X-chromosome dose. Trends Genet. 16, 247-253 (2000).
    • (2000) Trends Genet. , vol.16 , pp. 247-253
    • Meyer, B.J.1
  • 26
    • 0032559293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MIX-1: An essential component of the C. elegans mitotic machinery executes X chromosome dosage compensation
    • Lieb, J. D., Albrecht, M. R., Chuang, P. T. & Meyer, B. J. MIX-1: an essential component of the C. elegans mitotic machinery executes X chromosome dosage compensation. Cell 92, 265-277 (1998).
    • (1998) Cell , vol.92 , pp. 265-277
    • Lieb, J.D.1    Albrecht, M.R.2    Chuang, P.T.3    Meyer, B.J.4
  • 27
    • 0028104856 scopus 로고
    • DPY-27: A chromosome condensation protein homolog that regulates C. elegans dosage compensation through association with the X chromosome
    • Chuang, P. T., Albertson, D. G. & Meyer, B. J. DPY-27: a chromosome condensation protein homolog that regulates C. elegans dosage compensation through association with the X chromosome. Cell 79, 459-474 (1994). In the search for proteins that mediate the repression of X-linked genes during C. elegans dosage compensation (references 26 and 27), homologues of condensin SMC subunits were identified. This established the first connection between condensin and gene regulation.
    • (1994) Cell , vol.79 , pp. 459-474
    • Chuang, P.T.1    Albertson, D.G.2    Meyer, B.J.3
  • 28
    • 0029807952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DPY- 26, a link between dosage compensation and meiotic chromosome segregation in the nematode
    • Lieb, J. D., Capowski, E. E., Meneely, P. & Meyer, B. J. DPY-26, a link between dosage compensation and meiotic chromosome segregation in the nematode. Science 274, 1732-1736 (1996).
    • (1996) Science , vol.274 , pp. 1732-1736
    • Lieb, J.D.1    Capowski, E.E.2    Meneely, P.3    Meyer, B.J.4
  • 30
    • 0000932815 scopus 로고
    • X chromosome dosage and gene expression in Caenorhabditis elegans: Two unusual dumpy genes
    • Hodgkin, J. X chromosome dosage and gene expression in Caenorhabditis elegans: two unusual dumpy genes. Mol. Gen. Genet. 192, 452-458 (1983).
    • (1983) Mol. Gen. Genet. , vol.192 , pp. 452-458
    • Hodgkin, J.1
  • 31
    • 0024531140 scopus 로고
    • Genes that implement the hermaphrodite mode of dosage compensation in Caenorhabditis elegans
    • Plenefisch, J. D., DeLong, L. & Meyer, B. J. Genes that implement the hermaphrodite mode of dosage compensation in Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics 121, 57-76 (1989).
    • (1989) Genetics , vol.121 , pp. 57-76
    • Plenefisch, J.D.1    DeLong, L.2    Meyer, B.J.3
  • 32
    • 0036212008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A molecular link between gene-specific and chromosome-wide transcriptional repression
    • Chu, D. S. et al. A molecular link between gene-specific and chromosome-wide transcriptional repression. Genes Dev. 16, 796-805 (2002).
    • (2002) Genes Dev. , vol.16 , pp. 796-805
    • Chu, D.S.1
  • 33
    • 0028783965 scopus 로고
    • Displacement of sequence-specific transcription factors from mitotic chromatin
    • Martinez-Balbas, M. A., Dey, A., Rabindran, S. K., Ozato, K. & Wu, C. Displacement of sequence-specific transcription factors from mitotic chromatin. Cell 83, 29-38 (1995).
    • (1995) Cell , vol.83 , pp. 29-38
    • Martinez-Balbas, M.A.1    Dey, A.2    Rabindran, S.K.3    Ozato, K.4    Wu, C.5
  • 34
    • 0036467996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulators: Many functions, many mechanisms
    • West, A. G., Gaszner, M. & Felsenfeld, G. Insulators: many functions, many mechanisms. Genes Dev. 16, 271-288 (2002).
    • (2002) Genes Dev. , vol.16 , pp. 271-288
    • West, A.G.1    Gaszner, M.2    Felsenfeld, G.3
  • 35
    • 0035313801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromosomal boundaries in S. cerevisiae
    • Bi, X. & Broach, J. R. Chromosomal boundaries in S. cerevisiae. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 11, 199-204 (2001).
    • (2001) Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. , vol.11 , pp. 199-204
    • Bi, X.1    Broach, J.R.2
  • 36
    • 0035951449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishment of transcriptional silencing in the absence of DNA replication
    • Li, Y. C., Cheng, T. H. & Gartenberg, M. R. Establishment of transcriptional silencing in the absence of DNA replication. Science 291, 650-653 (2001).
    • (2001) Science , vol.291 , pp. 650-653
    • Li, Y.C.1    Cheng, T.H.2    Gartenberg, M.R.3
  • 37
    • 0035951475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA replication-independent silencing in S. cerevisiae
    • Kirchmaier, A. L. & Rine, J. DNA replication-independent silencing in S. cerevisiae. Science 291, 646-650 (2001).
    • (2001) Science , vol.291 , pp. 646-650
    • Kirchmaier, A.L.1    Rine, J.2
  • 38
    • 0037112062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell-cycle control of the establishment of mating-type silencing in S. cerevisiae
    • Lau, A., Blitzblau, H. & Bell, S. P. Cell-cycle control of the establishment of mating-type silencing in S. cerevisiae. Genes Dev. 16, 2935-2945 (2002). References 38, 43, 44, 50 and 51 provide intriguing suggestions for new roles of cohesin or condensin subunits in aspects of gene regulation, including silencing, chromatin insulator function and enhancer-promoter communication.
    • (2002) Genes Dev. , vol.16 , pp. 2935-2945
    • Lau, A.1    Blitzblau, H.2    Bell, S.P.3
  • 39
    • 0034722387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromosomal addresses of the cohesin component Mcd 1p
    • Laloraya, S., Guacci, V. & Koshland, D. Chromosomal addresses of the cohesin component Mcd1p. J. Cell Biol. 151, 1047-1056 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Cell Biol. , vol.151 , pp. 1047-1056
    • Laloraya, S.1    Guacci, V.2    Koshland, D.3
  • 40
    • 0036144420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recruitment of cohesin to heterochromatic regions by Swi6/HP 1 in fission yeast
    • Nonaka, N. et al. Recruitment of cohesin to heterochromatic regions by Swi6/HP1 in fission yeast. Nature Cell Biol. 4, 89-93 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature Cell Biol. , vol.4 , pp. 89-93
    • Nonaka, N.1
  • 41
    • 0035930750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Requirement of heterochromatin for cohesion at centromeres
    • Bernard, P. et al. Requirement of heterochromatin for cohesion at centromeres. Science 294, 2539-2542 (2001). References 40 and 41 show that fission yeast centromeric heterochromatin proteins are required for recruiting cohesin to the centromere and for sister-chromatid cohesion at centromeres but not chromosome arms.
    • (2001) Science , vol.294 , pp. 2539-2542
    • Bernard, P.1
  • 42
    • 0033597717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cohesins bind to preferential sites along yeast chromosome III, with differential regulation along arms versus the centric region
    • Blat, Y. & Kleckner, N. Cohesins bind to preferential sites along yeast chromosome III, with differential regulation along arms versus the centric region. Cell 98, 249-259 (1999).
    • (1999) Cell , vol.98 , pp. 249-259
    • Blat, Y.1    Kleckner, N.2
  • 43
    • 0033558878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The boundaries of the silenced HMR domain in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Donze, D., Adams, C. R., Rine, J. & Kamakaka, R. T. The boundaries of the silenced HMR domain in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genes Dev. 13, 698-708 (1999).
    • (1999) Genes Dev. , vol.13 , pp. 698-708
    • Donze, D.1    Adams, C.R.2    Rine, J.3    Kamakaka, R.T.4
  • 44
    • 0036182726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutation of YCS4, a budding yeast condensin subunit, affects mitotic and nonmitotic chromosome behavior
    • Bhalla, N., Biggins, S. & Murray, A. W. Mutation of YCS4, a budding yeast condensin subunit, affects mitotic and nonmitotic chromosome behavior. Mol. Biol. Cell 13, 632-645 (2002).
    • (2002) Mol. Biol. Cell , vol.13 , pp. 632-645
    • Bhalla, N.1    Biggins, S.2    Murray, A.W.3
  • 45
    • 0036532114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Programming off and on states in chromatin: Mechanisms of Polycomb and trithorax group complexes
    • Simon, J. A. & Tamkun, J. W. Programming off and on states in chromatin: mechanisms of Polycomb and trithorax group complexes. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 12, 210-218 (2002).
    • (2002) Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. , vol.12 , pp. 210-218
    • Simon, J.A.1    Tamkun, J.W.2
  • 46
    • 0025353653 scopus 로고
    • A new homeotic mutation in the Drosophila bithorax complex removes a boundary separating two domains of regulation
    • Gyurkovics, H., Gausz, J., Kummer, J. & Karch, F. A new homeotic mutation in the Drosophila bithorax complex removes a boundary separating two domains of regulation. EMBO J. 9, 2579-2585 (1990).
    • (1990) EMBO J. , vol.9 , pp. 2579-2585
    • Gyurkovics, H.1    Gausz, J.2    Kummer, J.3    Karch, F.4
  • 47
    • 0030463741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fab-7 functions as a chromatin domain boundary to ensure proper segment specification by the Drosophila bithorax complex
    • Hagstrom, K., Muller, M. & Schedl, P. Fab-7 functions as a chromatin domain boundary to ensure proper segment specification by the Drosophila bithorax complex. Genes Dev. 10, 3202-3215 (1996).
    • (1996) Genes Dev. , vol.10 , pp. 3202-3215
    • Hagstrom, K.1    Muller, M.2    Schedl, P.3
  • 48
    • 0030452423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Fab-7 element of the bithorax complex attenuates enhancer-promoter interactions in the Drosophila embryo
    • Zhou, J., Barolo, S., Szymanski, P. & Levine, M. The Fab-7 element of the bithorax complex attenuates enhancer-promoter interactions in the Drosophila embryo. Genes Dev. 10, 3195-3201 (1996).
    • (1996) Genes Dev. , vol.10 , pp. 3195-3201
    • Zhou, J.1    Barolo, S.2    Szymanski, P.3    Levine, M.4
  • 49
    • 0030995695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In situ dissection of the Fab-7 region of the bithorax complex into a chromatin domain boundary and a Polycomb-response element
    • Mihaly, J., Hogga, I., Gausz, J., Gyurkovics, H. & Karch, F. In situ dissection of the Fab-7 region of the bithorax complex into a chromatin domain boundary and a Polycomb-response element. Development 124, 1809-1820 (1997).
    • (1997) Development , vol.124 , pp. 1809-1820
    • Mihaly, J.1    Hogga, I.2    Gausz, J.3    Gyurkovics, H.4    Karch, F.5
  • 50
    • 0035101613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drosophila chromosome condensation proteins Topoisomerase II and Barren colocalize with Polycomb and maintain Fab-7 PRE silencing
    • Lupo, R., Breiling, A., Bianchi, M. E. & Orlando, V. Drosophila chromosome condensation proteins Topoisomerase II and Barren colocalize with Polycomb and maintain Fab-7 PRE silencing. Mol. Cell 7, 127-136 (2001).
    • (2001) Mol. Cell , vol.7 , pp. 127-136
    • Lupo, R.1    Breiling, A.2    Bianchi, M.E.3    Orlando, V.4
  • 51
    • 0033018842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nipped-B, a Drosophila homologue of chromosomal adherins, participates in activation by remote enhancers in the cut and Ultrabithorax genes
    • Rollins, R. A., Morcillo, P. & Dorsett, D. Nipped-B, a Drosophila homologue of chromosomal adherins, participates in activation by remote enhancers in the cut and Ultrabithorax genes. Genetics 152, 577-593 (1999).
    • (1999) Genetics , vol.152 , pp. 577-593
    • Rollins, R.A.1    Morcillo, P.2    Dorsett, D.3
  • 52
    • 0028850628 scopus 로고
    • The rad 18 gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe defines a new subgroup of the SMC superfamily involved in DNA repair
    • Lehmann, A. R. et al. The rad18 gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe defines a new subgroup of the SMC superfamily involved in DNA repair. Mol. Cell Biol. 15, 7067-7080 (1995).
    • (1995) Mol. Cell Biol. , vol.15 , pp. 7067-7080
    • Lehmann, A.R.1
  • 53
    • 0034599577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel SMC protein complex in Schizosaccharomyces pombe contains the Rad 18 DNA repair protein
    • Fousteri, M. I. & Lehmann, A. R. A novel SMC protein complex in Schizosaccharomyces pombe contains the Rad18 DNA repair protein. EMBO J. 19, 1691-1702 (2000).
    • (2000) EMBO J. , vol.19 , pp. 1691-1702
    • Fousteri, M.I.1    Lehmann, A.R.2
  • 54
    • 0037077281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a novel non-structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) component of the SMC5-SMC 6 complex involved in DNA repair
    • Fujioka, Y., Kimata, Y., Nomaguchi, K., Watanabe, K. & Kohno, K. Identification of a novel non-structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) component of the SMC5-SMC6 complex involved in DNA repair. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 21585-21591 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.277 , pp. 21585-21591
    • Fujioka, Y.1    Kimata, Y.2    Nomaguchi, K.3    Watanabe, K.4    Kohno, K.5
  • 55
    • 0016699160 scopus 로고
    • Genetic control of radiation sensitivity in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
    • Nasim, A. & Smith, B. P. Genetic control of radiation sensitivity in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Genetics 79, 573-582 (1975).
    • (1975) Genetics , vol.79 , pp. 573-582
    • Nasim, A.1    Smith, B.P.2
  • 56
    • 0032844898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rad 18 is required for DNA repair and checkpoint responses in fission yeast
    • Verkade, H. M., Bugg, S. J., Lindsay, H. D., Carr, A. M. & O'Connell, M. J. Rad18 is required for DNA repair and checkpoint responses in fission yeast. Mol. Biol. Cell 10, 2905-2918 (1999).
    • (1999) Mol. Biol. Cell , vol.10 , pp. 2905-2918
    • Verkade, H.M.1    Bugg, S.J.2    Lindsay, H.D.3    Carr, A.M.4    O'Connell, M.J.5
  • 57
    • 0029782098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SMC proteins constitute two subunits of the mammalian recombination complex RC- 1
    • Jessberger, R., Riwar, B., Baechtold, H. & Akhmedov, A. T. SMC proteins constitute two subunits of the mammalian recombination complex RC-1. EMBO J. 15, 4061-4068 (1996).
    • (1996) EMBO J. , vol.15 , pp. 4061-4068
    • Jessberger, R.1    Riwar, B.2    Baechtold, H.3    Akhmedov, A.T.4
  • 58
    • 0027059030 scopus 로고
    • Cloning and characterization of rad21 an essential gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe involved in DNA double-strand-break repair
    • Birkenbihi, R. P. & Subramani, S. Cloning and characterization of rad21 an essential gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe involved in DNA double-strand-break repair. Nucleic Acids Res. 20, 6605-6611 (1992).
    • (1992) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.20 , pp. 6605-6611
    • Birkenbihi, R.P.1    Subramani, S.2
  • 59
    • 18044404949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scc1/Rad21/Mcd 1 is required for sister chromatid cohesion and kinetochore function in vertebrate cells
    • Sonoda, E. et al. Scc1/Rad21/Mcd1 is required for sister chromatid cohesion and kinetochore function in vertebrate cells. Dev. Cell 1, 759-770 (2001).
    • (2001) Dev. Cell , vol.1 , pp. 759-770
    • Sonoda, E.1
  • 60
    • 0035954251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sister chromatid cohesion is required for postreplicative double-strand break repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Sjogren, C. & Nasmyth, K. Sister chromatid cohesion is required for postreplicative double-strand break repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Curr. Biol. 11, 991-995 (2001).
    • (2001) Curr. Biol. , vol.11 , pp. 991-995
    • Sjogren, C.1    Nasmyth, K.2
  • 61
    • 0036500690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SMC1 is a downstream effector in the ATM/NBS1 branch of the human S-phase checkpoint
    • Yazdi, P. T. et al. SMC1 is a downstream effector in the ATM/NBS1 branch of the human S-phase checkpoint. Genes Dev. 16, 571-582 (2002).
    • (2002) Genes Dev. , vol.16 , pp. 571-582
    • Yazdi, P.T.1
  • 62
    • 0036500555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of the cohesin protein, Smc1, in Atm-dependent and independent responses to DNA damage
    • Kim, S. T., Xu, B. & Kastan, M. B. Involvement of the cohesin protein, Smc1, in Atm-dependent and independent responses to DNA damage. Genes Dev. 16, 560-570 (2002).
    • (2002) Genes Dev. , vol.16 , pp. 560-570
    • Kim, S.T.1    Xu, B.2    Kastan, M.B.3
  • 63
    • 0037046553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cnd2 has dual roles in mitotic condensation and interphase
    • Aono, N., Sutani, T., Tomonaga, T., Mochida, S. & Yanagida, M. Cnd2 has dual roles in mitotic condensation and interphase. Nature 417, 197-202 (2002). References 61-63 provide evidence that cohesin and condensin subunits are involved in DNA repair and the DNA-damage checkpoint.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.417 , pp. 197-202
    • Aono, N.1    Sutani, T.2    Tomonaga, T.3    Mochida, S.4    Yanagida, M.5
  • 64
    • 0033578935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of cohesin association sites at centromeres and along chromosome arms
    • Tanaka, T., Cosma, M. P., Wirth, K. & Nasmyth, K. Identification of cohesin association sites at centromeres and along chromosome arms. Cell 98, 847-858 (1999).
    • (1999) Cell , vol.98 , pp. 847-858
    • Tanaka, T.1    Cosma, M.P.2    Wirth, K.3    Nasmyth, K.4
  • 65
    • 0034762198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specification of kinetochore-forming chromatin by the histone H3 variant CENP-A
    • Van Hooser, A. A. et al. Specification of kinetochore-forming chromatin by the histone H3 variant CENP-A. J. Cell Sci. 114, 3529-3542 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Cell Sci. , vol.114 , pp. 3529-3542
    • Van Hooser, A.A.1
  • 66
    • 0035815673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular biology: The histone modification circus
    • Berger, S. L. Molecular biology: the histone modification circus. Science 292, 64-65 (2001).
    • (2001) Science , vol.292 , pp. 64-65
    • Berger, S.L.1
  • 67
    • 0037022529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Requirement of chromatid cohesion proteins rad21/scc1 and mis4/scc2 for normal spindle-kinetochore interaction in fission yeast
    • Toyoda, Y. et al. Requirement of chromatid cohesion proteins rad21/scc1 and mis4/scc2 for normal spindle-kinetochore interaction in fission yeast. Curr. Biol. 12, 347-358 (2002).
    • (2002) Curr. Biol. , vol.12 , pp. 347-358
    • Toyoda, Y.1
  • 68
    • 0032801890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hec1p, an evolutionarily conserved coiled-coil protein, modulates chromosome segregation through interaction with SMC proteins
    • Zheng, L., Chen, Y. & Lee, W. H. Hec1p, an evolutionarily conserved coiled-coil protein, modulates chromosome segregation through interaction with SMC proteins. Mol. Cell Biol. 19, 5417-5428 (1999).
    • (1999) Mol. Cell Biol. , vol.19 , pp. 5417-5428
    • Zheng, L.1    Chen, Y.2    Lee, W.H.3
  • 69
    • 0000818409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cohesin ensures bipolar attachment of microtubules to sister centromeres and resists their precocious separation
    • Tanaka, T., Fuchs, J., Loidl, J. & Nasmyth, K. Cohesin ensures bipolar attachment of microtubules to sister centromeres and resists their precocious separation. Nature Cell Biol. 2, 492-499 (2000). Along with references 59 and 70, this shows that cohesin is required for the bi-polar attachment of sister chromatids to microtubules from opposite poles. Accordingly, reference 67 finds that mutations in cohesin subunits trigger the spindle checkpoint.
    • (2002) Nature Cell Biol. , vol.2 , pp. 492-499
    • Tanaka, T.1    Fuchs, J.2    Loidl, J.3    Nasmyth, K.4
  • 70
    • 0034705290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient sister chromatid separation and elastic deformation of chromosomes during mitosis in budding yeast
    • He, X., Asthana, S. & Sorger, P. K. Transient sister chromatid separation and elastic deformation of chromosomes during mitosis in budding yeast. Cell 101, 763-775 (2000).
    • (2000) Cell , vol.101 , pp. 763-775
    • He, X.1    Asthana, S.2    Sorger, P.K.3
  • 71
    • 0037080986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Four new subunits of the Dam1-Duo 1 complex reveal novel functions in sister kinetochore biorientation
    • Janke, C., Ortiz, J., Tanaka, T. U., Lechner, J. & Schiebel, E. Four new subunits of the Dam1-Duo1 complex reveal novel functions in sister kinetochore biorientation. EMBO J. 21, 181-193 (2002).
    • (2002) EMBO J. , vol.21 , pp. 181-193
    • Janke, C.1    Ortiz, J.2    Tanaka, T.U.3    Lechner, J.4    Schiebel, E.5
  • 72
    • 0036178929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence that the Ipl1-Sli15 (Aurora kinase-INCENP) complex promotes chromosome bi-orientation by altering kinetochore-spindle pole connections
    • Tanaka, T. U. et al. Evidence that the Ipl1-Sli15 (Aurora kinase-INCENP) complex promotes chromosome bi-orientation by altering kinetochore-spindle pole connections. Cell 108, 317-329 (2002).
    • (2002) Cell , vol.108 , pp. 317-329
    • Tanaka, T.U.1
  • 73
    • 0035577762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The budding yeast protein kinase Ipl1/Aurora allows the absence of tension to activate the spindle checkpoint
    • Biggins, S. & Murray, A. W. The budding yeast protein kinase Ipl1/Aurora allows the absence of tension to activate the spindle checkpoint. Genes Dev. 15, 3118-3129 (2001).
    • (2001) Genes Dev. , vol.15 , pp. 3118-3129
    • Biggins, S.1    Murray, A.W.2
  • 74
    • 0034820448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bir1/Cut17 moving from chromosome to spindle upon the loss of cohesion is required for condensation, spindle elongation and repair
    • Morishita, J. et al. Bir1/Cut17 moving from chromosome to spindle upon the loss of cohesion is required for condensation, spindle elongation and repair. Genes Cells 6, 743-763 (2001).
    • (2001) Genes Cells , vol.6 , pp. 743-763
    • Morishita, J.1
  • 75
    • 12244296163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depletion of drad21/scc 1 in Drosophila cells leads to instability of the cohesin complex and disruption of mitotic progression
    • Vass, S. et al. Depletion of drad21/scc1 in Drosophila cells leads to instability of the cohesin complex and disruption of mitotic progression. Curr. Biol. 13, 208-218 (2003).
    • (2003) Curr. Biol. , vol.13 , pp. 208-218
    • Vass, S.1
  • 76
    • 0036568815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The awesome power of multiple model systems: Interpreting the complex nature of spindle checkpoint signaling
    • Millband, D. N., Campbell, L. & Hardwick, K. G. The awesome power of multiple model systems: interpreting the complex nature of spindle checkpoint signaling. Trends Cell Biol. 12, 205-209 (2002).
    • (2002) Trends Cell Biol. , vol.12 , pp. 205-209
    • Millband, D.N.1    Campbell, L.2    Hardwick, K.G.3
  • 77
    • 0035861632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A potential role for human cohesin in mitotic spindle aster assembly
    • Gregson, H. C. et al. A potential role for human cohesin in mitotic spindle aster assembly. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 47575-47582 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.276 , pp. 47575-47582
    • Gregson, H.C.1
  • 78
    • 0033082232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ctf 7p is essential for sister chromatid cohesion and links mitotic chromosome structure to the DNA replication machinery
    • Skibbens, R. V., Corson, L. B., Koshland, D. & Hieter, P. Ctf7p is essential for sister chromatid cohesion and links mitotic chromosome structure to the DNA replication machinery. Genes Dev. 13, 307-319 (1999).
    • (1999) Genes Dev. , vol.13 , pp. 307-319
    • Skibbens, R.V.1    Corson, L.B.2    Koshland, D.3    Hieter, P.4
  • 79
    • 0035051062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saccharomyces cerevisiae CTF 18 and CTF4 are required for sister chromatid cohesion
    • Hanna, J. S., Kroll, E. S., Lundblad, V. & Spencer, F. A. Saccharomyces cerevisiae CTF18 and CTF4 are required for sister chromatid cohesion. Mol. Cell Biol. 21, 3144-3158 (2001).
    • (2001) Mol. Cell Biol. , vol.21 , pp. 3144-3158
    • Hanna, J.S.1    Kroll, E.S.2    Lundblad, V.3    Spencer, F.A.4
  • 80
    • 0037097939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of HCP- 6, a C. elegans protein required to prevent chromosome twisting and merotelic attachment
    • Stear, J. H. & Roth, M. B. Characterization of HCP-6, a C. elegans protein required to prevent chromosome twisting and merotelic attachment. Genes Dev. 16, 1498-1508 (2002).
    • (2002) Genes Dev. , vol.16 , pp. 1498-1508
    • Stear, J.H.1    Roth, M.B.2
  • 81
    • 0037477839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The condensin complex is required for proper spindle assembly and chromosome segregation in Xenopus egg extracts
    • in the press
    • Wignall, S. M., Deehan, R., Maresca, T. J. & Heald, R. The condensin complex is required for proper spindle assembly and chromosome segregation in Xenopus egg extracts. J. Cell Biol. (in the press).
    • J. Cell Biol.
    • Wignall, S.M.1    Deehan, R.2    Maresca, T.J.3    Heald, R.4
  • 82
    • 0037018157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo dissection of the chromosome condensation machinery: Reversibility of condensation distinguishes contributions of condensin and cohesin
    • Lavoie, B. D., Hogan, E. & Koshland, D. In vivo dissection of the chromosome condensation machinery: reversibility of condensation distinguishes contributions of condensin and cohesin. J. Cell Biol. 156, 805-815 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Cell Biol. , vol.156 , pp. 805-815
    • Lavoie, B.D.1    Hogan, E.2    Koshland, D.3
  • 83
    • 0036284778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The anaphase-promoting complex: Proteolysis in mitosis and beyond
    • Peters, J. M. The anaphase-promoting complex: proteolysis in mitosis and beyond. Mol. Cell 9, 931-943 (2002).
    • (2002) Mol. Cell , vol.9 , pp. 931-943
    • Peters, J.M.1
  • 84
    • 0037178719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Segregating sister genomes: The molecular biology of chromosome separation
    • Nasmyth, K. Segregating sister genomes: the molecular biology of chromosome separation. Science 297, 559-565 (2002).
    • (2002) Science , vol.297 , pp. 559-565
    • Nasmyth, K.1
  • 85
    • 0032127940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of Xenopus SMC protein complexes required for sister chromatid cohesion
    • Losada, A., Hirano, M. & Hirano, T. Identification of Xenopus SMC protein complexes required for sister chromatid cohesion. Genes Dev. 12, 1986-1997 (1998).
    • (1998) Genes Dev. , vol.12 , pp. 1986-1997
    • Losada, A.1    Hirano, M.2    Hirano, T.3
  • 86
    • 0034618070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterization of SA/Scc 3p subunits in the Xenopus and human cohesin complexes
    • Losada, A., Yokochi, T., Kobayashi, R. & Hirano, T. Identification and characterization of SA/Scc3p subunits in the Xenopus and human cohesin complexes. J. Cell Biol. 150, 405-416 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Cell Biol. , vol.150 , pp. 405-416
    • Losada, A.1    Yokochi, T.2    Kobayashi, R.3    Hirano, T.4
  • 87
    • 0034645067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of vertebrate cohesin complexes and their regulation in prophase
    • Sumara, J., Vorlaufer, E., Gieffers, C., Peters, B. H. & Peters, J. M. Characterization of vertebrate cohesin complexes and their regulation in prophase. J. Cell Biol. 151, 749-762 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Cell Biol. , vol.151 , pp. 749-762
    • Sumara, J.1    Vorlaufer, E.2    Gieffers, C.3    Peters, B.H.4    Peters, J.M.5
  • 88
    • 0038242071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromosome cohesion is regulated by C. elegans TIM-1, a paralog of the clock protein TIMELESS
    • in the press
    • Chan, R. C. et al. Chromosome cohesion is regulated by C. elegans TIM-1, a paralog of the clock protein TIMELESS. Nature (in the press).
    • Nature
    • Chan, R.C.1
  • 89
    • 0032497566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cohesion between sister chromatids must be established during DNA replication
    • Uhlmann, F. & Nasmyth, K. Cohesion between sister chromatids must be established during DNA replication. Curr. Biol. 8, 1095-1101 (1998).
    • (1998) Curr. Biol. , vol.8 , pp. 1095-1101
    • Uhlmann, F.1    Nasmyth, K.2
  • 90
    • 0035905823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pre-meiotic S phase is linked to reductional chromosome segregation and recombination
    • Watanabe, Y., Yokobayashi, S., Yamamoto, M. & Nurse, P. Pre-meiotic S phase is linked to reductional chromosome segregation and recombination. Nature 409, 359-363 (2001).
    • (2001) Nature , vol.409 , pp. 359-363
    • Watanabe, Y.1    Yokobayashi, S.2    Yamamoto, M.3    Nurse, P.4
  • 91
    • 0034721656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two distinct pathways remove mammalian cohesin from chromosome arms in prophase and from centromeres in anaphase
    • Waizenegger, I. C., Hauf, S., Meinke, A. & Peters, J. M. Two distinct pathways remove mammalian cohesin from chromosome arms in prophase and from centromeres in anaphase. Cell 103, 399-410 (2000).
    • (2000) Cell , vol.103 , pp. 399-410
    • Waizenegger, I.C.1    Hauf, S.2    Meinke, A.3    Peters, J.M.4
  • 92
    • 0036896143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cohesin release is required for sister chromatid resolution, but not for condensin-mediated compaction, at the onset of mitosis
    • Losada, A., Hirano, M. & Hirano, T. Cohesin release is required for sister chromatid resolution, but not for condensin-mediated compaction, at the onset of mitosis. Genes Dev. 16, 3004-3016 (2002).
    • (2002) Genes Dev. , vol.16 , pp. 3004-3016
    • Losada, A.1    Hirano, M.2    Hirano, T.3
  • 93
    • 0033538436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A functional assay for centromere-associated sister chromatid cohesion
    • Megee, P. C. & Koshland, D. A functional assay for centromere-associated sister chromatid cohesion. Science 285, 254-257 (1999).
    • (1999) Science , vol.285 , pp. 254-257
    • Megee, P.C.1    Koshland, D.2
  • 94
    • 0034618660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biology in pictures: New light on sticky sisters
    • Losada, A. & Hirano, T. Biology in pictures: new light on sticky sisters. Curr. Biol. 10, 615 (2000).
    • (2000) Curr. Biol. , vol.10 , pp. 615
    • Losada, A.1    Hirano, T.2
  • 95
    • 0033538518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A central role for cohesins in sister chromatid cohesion, formation of axial elements, and recombination during yeast meiosis
    • Klein, F. et al. A central role for cohesins in sister chromatid cohesion, formation of axial elements, and recombination during yeast meiosis. Cell 98, 91-103 (1999).
    • (1999) Cell , vol.98 , pp. 91-103
    • Klein, F.1
  • 96
    • 0034721655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disjunction of homologous chromosomes in meiosis I depends on proteolytic cleavage of the meiotic cohesin Rec 8 by separin
    • Buonomo, S. B. et al. Disjunction of homologous chromosomes in meiosis I depends on proteolytic cleavage of the meiotic cohesin Rec8 by separin. Cell 103, 387-398 (2000).
    • (2000) Cell , vol.103 , pp. 387-398
    • Buonomo, S.B.1
  • 97
    • 0034984843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Caenorhabditis elegans cohesion protein with functions in meiotic chromosome pairing and disfunction
    • Pasierbek, P. et al. A Caenorhabditis elegans cohesion protein with functions in meiotic chromosome pairing and disfunction. Genes Dev. 15, 1349-1360 (2001).
    • (2001) Genes Dev. , vol.15 , pp. 1349-1360
    • Pasierbek, P.1
  • 98
    • 0034721669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cleavage of cohesin by the CD clan protease separin triggers anaphase in yeast
    • Uhlmann, F., Wernic, D., Poupart, M. A., Koonin, E. V. & Nasmyth, K. Cleavage of cohesin by the CD clan protease separin triggers anaphase in yeast. Cell 103, 375-386 (2000).
    • (2000) Cell , vol.103 , pp. 375-386
    • Uhlmann, F.1    Wernic, D.2    Poupart, M.A.3    Koonin, E.V.4    Nasmyth, K.5
  • 99
    • 0033597962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 13S condensin actively reconfigures DNA by introducing global positive writhe: Implications for chromosome condensation
    • Kimura, K., Rybenkov, V. V., Crisona, N. J., Hirano, T. & Cozzarelli, N. R. 13S condensin actively reconfigures DNA by introducing global positive writhe: implications for chromosome condensation. Cell 98, 239-248 (1999).
    • (1999) Cell , vol.98 , pp. 239-248
    • Kimura, K.1    Rybenkov, V.V.2    Crisona, N.J.3    Hirano, T.4    Cozzarelli, N.R.5
  • 100
    • 0035937189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromosome condensation by a human condensin complex in Xenopus egg extracts
    • Kimura, K., Cuvier, O. & Hirano, T. Chromosome condensation by a human condensin complex in Xenopus egg extracts. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 5417-5420 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.276 , pp. 5417-5420
    • Kimura, K.1    Cuvier, O.2    Hirano, T.3
  • 101
    • 0035916338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intermolecular DNA interactions stimulated by the cohesin complex in vitro: Implications for sister chromatid cohesion
    • Losada, A. & Hirano, T. Intermolecular DNA interactions stimulated by the cohesin complex in vitro: implications for sister chromatid cohesion. Curr. Biol. 11, 268-272 (2001).
    • (2001) Curr. Biol. , vol.11 , pp. 268-272
    • Losada, A.1    Hirano, T.2
  • 102
    • 0037017393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Condensin and cohesin display different arm conformations with characteristic hinge angles
    • Anderson, D. E., Losada, A., Erickson, H. P. & Hirano, T. Condensin and cohesin display different arm conformations with characteristic hinge angles. J. Cell Biol. 156, 419-424 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Cell Biol. , vol.156 , pp. 419-424
    • Anderson, D.E.1    Losada, A.2    Erickson, H.P.3    Hirano, T.4
  • 103
    • 0036006301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Condensin architecture and interaction with DNA: Regulatory non-SMC subunits bind to the head of SMC heterodimer
    • Yoshimura, S. H. et al. Condensin architecture and interaction with DNA: regulatory non-SMC subunits bind to the head of SMC heterodimer. Curr. Biol. 12, 508-513 (2002).
    • (2002) Curr. Biol. , vol.12 , pp. 508-513
    • Yoshimura, S.H.1
  • 104
    • 0036297532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient supercoiling of DNA by a single condensin complex as revealed by electron spectroscopic imaging
    • Bazett-Jones, D. P., Kimura, K. & Hirano, T. Efficient supercoiling of DNA by a single condensin complex as revealed by electron spectroscopic imaging. Mol. Cell 9, 1183-1190 (2002).
    • (2002) Mol. Cell , vol.9 , pp. 1183-1190
    • Bazett-Jones, D.P.1    Kimura, K.2    Hirano, T.3
  • 105
    • 0037349338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The making of the mitotic chromosome: Modern insights into classical questions
    • Swedlow, J. R. & Hirano, T. The making of the mitotic chromosome: modern insights into classical questions. Mol. Cell 11, 557-569 (2003).
    • (2003) Mol. Cell , vol.11 , pp. 557-569
    • Swedlow, J.R.1    Hirano, T.2
  • 106
    • 0036242551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular architecture of SMC proteins and the yeast cohesin complex
    • Haering, C. H., Lowe, J., Hochwagen, A. & Nasmyth, K. Molecular architecture of SMC proteins and the yeast cohesin complex. Mol. Cell 9, 773-788 (2002). References 102, 103 and 105 probe the molecular mechanisms of condensin and cohesin action. A common feature might be the ability to use the coiled-coil arms of the SMC proteins to enclose two DNA segments, either from the same sister chromatid (condensin) or from different sister chromatids (cohesin).
    • (2002) Mol. Cell , vol.9 , pp. 773-788
    • Haering, C.H.1    Lowe, J.2    Hochwagen, A.3    Nasmyth, K.4
  • 107
    • 0028109863 scopus 로고
    • ScII: An abundant chromosome scaffold protein is a member of a family of putative ATPases with an unusual predicted tertiary structure
    • Saitoh, N., Goldberg, I. G., Wood, E. R. & Earnshaw, W. C. ScII: an abundant chromosome scaffold protein is a member of a family of putative ATPases with an unusual predicted tertiary structure. J. Cell Biol. 127, 303-318 (1994).
    • (1994) J. Cell Biol. , vol.127 , pp. 303-318
    • Saitoh, N.1    Goldberg, I.G.2    Wood, E.R.3    Earnshaw, W.C.4
  • 108
    • 0032517838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • pEg 7, a new Xenopus protein required for mitotic chromosome condensation in egg extracts
    • Cubizolles, F. et al. pEg7, a new Xenopus protein required for mitotic chromosome condensation in egg extracts. J. Cell Biol. 143, 1437-1446 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Cell Biol. , vol.143 , pp. 1437-1446
    • Cubizolles, F.1
  • 109
    • 0037076212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The aurora B kinase AIR- 2 regulates kinetochores during mitosis and is required for separation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis
    • Kaitna, S., Pasierbek, P., Jantsch, M., Loidl, J. & Glotzer, M. The aurora B kinase AIR-2 regulates kinetochores during mitosis and is required for separation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis. Curr. Biol. 12, 798-812 (2002).
    • (2002) Curr. Biol. , vol.12 , pp. 798-812
    • Kaitna, S.1    Pasierbek, P.2    Jantsch, M.3    Loidl, J.4    Glotzer, M.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.