Gap junctions: Structure and function (review)

Molecular Membrane Biology

Volumn 19, Issue 2, 2002, Pages 121-136

  Evans, W Howard ^a   Martin, Patricia E M ^a  

^a CARDIFF UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Channelopathies; Connexin; Intercellular communication; Knockout mice; Trafficking pathways

Indexed keywords

CELL PROTEIN; GAP JUNCTION PROTEIN;

ANIMAL CELL; BIOCHEMISTRY; CATARACTOGENESIS; CELL ACTIVITY; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL GROWTH; CELL JUNCTION; CELL MEMBRANE; CELL STRUCTURE; CELL TYPE; CELLULAR DISTRIBUTION; GAP JUNCTION; GENE MUTATION; GENETIC DISORDER; HEREDITARY MOTOR SENSORY NEUROPATHY; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; INHERITANCE; INVERTEBRATE; ION EXCHANGE; NONHUMAN; OLIGOMERIZATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN ASSEMBLY; PROTEIN DOMAIN; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATION; VERTEBRATE; X CHROMOSOME LINKED DISORDER; ANIMAL; GENETICS; METABOLISM; MOUSE; PROTEIN TERTIARY STRUCTURE; TRANSGENIC MOUSE;

ANIMAL; CONNEXINS; GAP JUNCTIONS; GENETIC DISEASES, INBORN; MICE; MICE, TRANSGENIC; PROTEIN STRUCTURE, TERTIARY; ANIMALS;

ANIMALIA; INVERTEBRATA; VERTEBRATA;

EID: 0035991948     PISSN: 09687688     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09687680210139839     Document Type: Review

References (179)

1. Post-translation integration and oligomerisation of connexin 26 in plasma membranes and evidence of the formation of membrane pores. Implications for the assembly of gap junctions
2. Synthesis and assembly of connexins in vitro into homomeric and heteromeric functional gap junction hemichannels
3. Assembly of gap junction channels: Mechanism, effects of calmodulin antagonists and identification of connexin oligomerization determinants
4. Wnt-1 regulation of connexin43 in cardiac myocytes
5. The carboxyl terminal domain regulates the unitary conductance and voltage dependence of connexin40 gap junction channels
6. Direct evidence for the participation of gap junction-mediated intercellular communication in the transmission of damage signals from alpha-particle irradiated to nonirradiated cells
7. Functional gap junctions in the Schwann cell myelin sheath
8. Dephosphorylation and intracellular redistribution of ventricular connexin43 during electrical uncoupling induced by ischemia
9. Gap junctions as electrical synapses
10. Gap junctions: New tools, new answers, new questions
11. The connexins and their family tree
12. Connexin mutations in X-linked CharcotMarie-Tooth disease
13. Relative contributions of NO and gap junctional communication to endothelium-dependant relaxations of rabbit resistance arteries vary with vessel size
14. Direct high affinity modulation of connexin channel activity by cyclic nucleotides
15. A targeted disruption in connexin 40 leads to distinct atrioventricular conduction defects
16. Intercellular propagation of calcium waves mediated by inositol trisphosphate
17. Cytokine regulation of gap junction connectivity: And open-and-shut case or changing partners at the Nexus?
18. Connexin 43 hemichannels mediate Ca-regulated transmembrane NAD fluxes in intact cells
19. Clustering of connexin 43-enhanced green fluorescent protein gap junction channels and functional coupling in living cells
20. Connexin-43 gap junctions are involved in multi-connexin-expressing stromal support of hemopoietic progenitors and stem cells
21. A quantitative analysis of connexin-specific permeability difference junctions expressed in HeLa transfectants and Xenopus oocytes
22. Altered formation of hemichannels and gap junction channels caused by C-terminal connexin-32 mutations
23. Regulation of gap junctional communication by a pro-inflammatory cytokine in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-expressing but not cystic fibrosis airway cells
24. Gap junctional communication underpins EDHF-type relaxations evoked by acetyl choline in the rat hepatic artery
25. ATP-mediated glia signaling
26. Heterotypic gap junction channel formation between heteromeric and homomeric Cx40 and Cx43 connexons
27. Stimulated phosphorylation of intracellular connexin43
28. Identification of connexin 43 gap junction mutations in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis
29. Altered trafficking of mutant connexin 32
30. Multiple epidermal connexins are expressed in different keratinocyte subpopulations including connexin 31
31. Assembly of heteromeric connexons in guinea-pig liver en route to the Golgi apparatus, plasma membrane and gap junctions
32. Intercellular Ca2+ signalling: The artery wall
33. The gap-junctional protein connexin40 is elevated in patients susceptible to postoperative atrial fibrillation
34. Specific permeability and selective formation of gap junction channels in connexin-transfected HeLa cells
35. Connexin mimetic peptides: Specific inhibitors of gap-junctional intercellular communication
36. Morphology and morphometric investigation of hepatocellular preneoplastic lesions and neoplasms in connexin32-deficient mice
37. Connexin-specific distribution within gap junctions revealed in living cells
38. Cell-free synthesis and assembly of connexins into functional gap junction membrane channels
39. The pattern of disulfide linkages in the extracellular loop regions of connexin 32 suggests a model for the docking interface of gap junctions
40. Dynamics of connexins, E-cadherin and αcatenin on cell membranes during gap junction formation
41. Low-resistance junctions between cells in embryos and tissue culture
42. Connexin-aequorin chimerae report cytoplasmic calcium environments along trafficking pathways leading to gap junction biogenesis in living COS-7 cells
43. Intracellular trafficking pathways in the assembly of connexins into gap junctions
44. Intercellular calcium signaling and gap junctional communication in astrocytes
45. The gap junction protein connexin43 interacts with the second PDZ domain of the zona occludens-1 protein
46. Gap junction protein connexin-43 interacts directly with microtubules
47. Connexins, connexons, and intercellular communication
48. Heterogeneous expression of gap junction channels in the heart leads to conduction defects and ventricular dysfunction
49. Internalization of gap junctions in benign familial pemphigus (Hailey-Hailey disease) and keratosis follicularis (Darier's disease)
50. Isolation and characterisation of gap junctions from tissue culture cells
51. Emerging issues of connexin channels: Biophysics fills the gap
52. Formation of heteromeric gap junction channels by connexins 40 and 43 in vascular smooth muscle cells
53. Two gap junction genes, connexin 31.1 and 30.3, are closely linked on mouse chromosome 4 and preferentially expressed in skin
54. Intercellular communication via gap junctions
55. Protein oligomerization in the endoplasmic reticulum
56. Intercellular Ca2+ signaling in alveolar epithelial cells through gap junctions and by extracellular ATP
57. The origin of annular junctions: A mechanism of gap junction internalization
58. Human diseases: Clues to cracking the connexin code?
59. Gap junctions and motor behaviour
60. Pathways of neuron-astrocyte interactions and their possible role in neuroprotection
61. Abnormal cardiac conduction and morphogenesis in connexin40 and connexin43 double-deficient mice
62. Role of inhibition of intercellular communication in carcinogenesis
63. Growth factors but not gap junctions play a role in injury-induced Ca2+ waves in epithelial cells
64. Gap junction expression and cell proliferation in differentiating cultures of Cx32 KO mouse hepatocytes
65. Cx32 but not Cx26 is associated with tight junctions in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes
66. Induction of tight junctions in human connexin 32 (hCx32)transfected mouse hepatocytes: Connexin 32 interacts with occludin
67. Rapid appearance of connexin 26-positive gap junctions in centrilobular hepatocytes without induction of mRNA and protein synthesis in isolated perfused liver of female rat
68. Metabolic inhibition activates a non-selective current through connexin hemichannels in isolated ventricular myocytes
69. Connexin gene mutations in human genetic diseases
70. Differential effect of subcellular localization of communication impairing gap junction protein connexin43 on tumor cell growth in vivo
71. Cloning and characterisation of human and rat liver cDNAs encoding for a gap junction protein
72. The gap junction communication channel
73. Functional expression and biophysical properties of polymorphic variants of the human gap junction protein connexin 37
74. Differential regulation of distinct types of gap junction channels by similar phosphorylating conditions
75. Degradation of gap junctions and connexins
76. Deficiency of connexin43 gap junctions is an independent marker for breast tumors
77. Regulation of gap junctions by phosphorylation of connexins
78. Cellular interaction of integrin alpha3-betal with laminin 5 promotes gap junctional communication
79. Gap junction assembly: PTX-sensitive G proteins regulate the distribution of connexin43 within cells
80. Innexin-3 forms connexin-like intercellular channels
81. Transmission of hormonal stimulation by cell-to-cell communication
82. Molecular basis for pacemaker cells in epithelia
83. Accelerated onset and increased incidence of ventricular arrhythmias induced ischemia in Cx43-deficient mice
84. Intercellular calcium signaling and flash photolysis of caged compounds. A sensitive method to evaluate gap junctional coupling
85. Properties and regulation of gap junctional hemichannels in the plasma membranes of cultured cells
86. Endothelial cell-specific knockout of connexin 43 causes hypotension and bradycardia in mice
87. Gap-junction-mediated propagation and amplification of cell injury
88. v-Src phosphorylation of connexin 43 on Tyr247 and Tyr265 disrupts gap junctional communication
89. Mutations in GJA1 (connexin 43) are associated with non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness
90. Role of gap junctions in cardiac conduction and development
91. Gap junction communication and the modulation of cardiac neural crest cells
92. Development expression and assembly of connexins into homomeric and heteromeric gap junction hemichannels in the mouse mammary gland
93. Junctional intercellular communication and the control of growth
94. On the genesis of cellular communication
95. Trafficking and targeting to gap junctions of connexin 32 mutations to gap junction in Charcot-Marie-Tooth X-linked disease
96. Multiple pathways in the trafficking and assembly of connexin 26, 32 and 43 into gap junction intercellular communication channels
97. Properties of connexin26 gap junctional proteins derived from mutations associated with non-syndromal hereditary deafness
98. Analysis of gap junction assembly using mutated connexins detected in Charcot-Marie-Tooth X-linked disease
99. Targeting motifs and functional parameters governing the assembly of connexins into gap junctions
100. Epidermal stem cells do not communicate through gap junctions
101. Regulation of hematopoiesis by gap junction-mediated intercellular communication
102. The carboxylterminal of connexin43 alters pH regulation of connexin 32 channels
103. Multisubunit assembly of an integral plasma membrane channel protein, gap junction connexin43, occurs after exit from the ER
104. Regulation of connexin degradation as a mechanism to increase gap junction assembly and function
105. Differential expression of connexins during neocortical development and neuronal circuit formation
106. Connexin30 in rodent, cat and human brain: Selective expression in grey matter astrocytes, co-localization with connexin43 at gap junctions and late developmental appearance
107. Mutations in peripheral myelin genes and associated genes in inherited peripheral neuropathies
108. Defective propagation of signals generated by sympathetic nerve stimulation in the liver of connexin32-deficient mice
109. The molecular basis of selective permeability of connexins is complex and includes both size and charge
110. Selective permeability of different connexin channels to the second messenger inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate
111. Regulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation through gap junction channels in heart development
112. The coiled coil domain of occludin can act to organise structural and functional elements of the epithelial tight junction
113. Changes in permeability caused by connexin 32 mutations underlie X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
114. Connexin 32 mutations from X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease patients: Functional defects and dominant negative effects
115. Involvement of gap junctions in tumor suppression: Analysis of genetically-manipulated mice
116. Immunoglobulin and cytokine expression in mixed lymphocyte cultures in reduced by disruption of gap junction intercellular communication
117. Intercellular communication in the immune system: Differential expression of connexin40 and 43, and perturbation of gap junction channel functions in peripheral blood and tonsil human lymphocyte subpopulations
118. Intercellular calcium waves in HeLa cells expressing GFP-labeled connexin 43, 32, or 26
119. Connexin46 mutations linked to congenital cataract show loss of gap junction channel function
120. Molecular cloning of cDNA for rat liver gap junction protein
121. Cyclic AMP and LDL trigger a rapid enhancement in gap junction assembly through a stimulation of connexin trafficking
122. Extensive dye coupling between rat neocortical neurons during the period of circuit formation
123. Calmodulin directly gates gap junction channels
124. Three-dimensional structure of the gap junction connexon
125. Innexins get into the gap
126. The discovery of metabolic co-operation
127. Connexin31-deficiency in mice causes transient placental dysmorphogenesis but does not impair hearing and skin differentiation
128. Identification and distribution of proteins in isolated endosomal fractions of rat liver: Involvement in endocytosis, recycling and transcytosis
129. Peroxisome biogenesis
130. Structure of the amino terminus of a gap junction protein
131. Function of the voltage gate of gap junction channels: Selective exclusion of molecules
132. Molecular genetics of hearing impairment due to mutations in gap junction genes encoding beta connexins
133. Ultrastructure, histological distribution, and freeze-fracture immunocytochemistry of gap junctions in rat brain and spinal cord
134. Cardiac malformation in neonatal mice lacking connexin43
135. Hexagonal array of subunits in intercellular junctions of the mouse heart and liver
136. Molecular determinants of membrane potential dependence in vertebrate gap junction channels
137. The occurrence of a subunit pattern in the unit membrane of club endings in Mauthner cell synapses in gold fish brains
138. Dual mechanism of intercellular communication in HOBIT osteoblastic cells: A role for gap-junctional hemichannels
139. Permeability of a cell junction and the local cytoplasmic free ionised calcium concentration; a study with aequorin
140. Regulatory pathways in blood-forming tissue with particular reference to gap junctional communication
141. Trans-dominant inhibition of connexin-43 by mutant connexin-26: Implications for dominant connexin disorders affecting epidermal differentiation
142. Regulation of connexin-43, GFAP, and FGF-2 is not accompanied by changes in astroglial coupling in MPTP-lesioned, FGF-2 treated parkinsonian mice
143. Supramolecular dynamics of gap junctions
144. Hepatocyte gap junctions are permeable to the second messenger, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, and to calcium ions
145. Regulation of intercellular coupling in acute and chronic heart disease
146. Mechanisms and function of intercellular calcium signaling
147. Incidence of myoendothelial gap junctions in the proximal and distal mesenteric arteries of the rat is suggestive of a role in the endothelium derived hyperpolarising factor-mediated response
148. Multimeric connexin interactions prior to the trans-Golgi network
149. Connexin family members target to lipid raft domains/caveolae and interact with caveolin-1
150. Immunocytochemical analysis of connexin expression in the healthy and diseased cardiovascular system
151. Mice lacking connexin40 have cardiac conduction abnormalites characteristic of atrioventricular block and bundle branch block
152. Two Drosophila innexins are expressed in overlapping domains and co-operate to form gap-junction channels
153. A genetic approach to understanding auditory function
154. Intercellular calcium signaling in astrocytes via ATP release through connexin hemichannels
155. Different ionic selectivities for connexins 26 and 32 produce rectifying gap junction channels
156. Acute-phase response and circadian expression of connexin26 are not altered in connexin32-deficient mouse liver
157. Ser364 of connexin43 and the upregulation of gap junction assembly by cAMP
158. Connexin 32 of gap junctions contains two cytoplasmic calmoldulin-binding domains
159. Direct association of the gap junction protein connexin43 with ZO-1 in cardiac myocytes
160. Cell-cell communication in carcinogenesis
161. Three-dimensional structure of a recombinant gap junction membrane channel
162. The structure of ion channels in membranes of excitable cells
163. Electrical properties of gap junction hemichannels identified in transfected HeLa cells
164. Formation of heterotypic gap junction channels by connexins 40 and 43
165. Intracellular transport, assembly, and degradation of wild-type and disease-linked mutant gap junction proteins
166. Connexin expression in Huntington's diseased human brain
167. Specific motifs in the external loops of connexin proteins can determine gap junction formation between chick heart myocytes
168. The interaction of electrical activity among neurons of lobster cardiac ganglion
169. Electrical coupling between myocardial cells
170. Unique and redundant connexin contribution to lens development
171. Genetic diseases and gene knockouts reveal diverse connexin functions
172. Functional analysis of selective interactions among rodent connexins
173. Structural and functional diversity of connexin genes in the mouse and human genome
174. Structure of gap junction intercellular channels
175. Membrane integration of in vitro-translated gap junctional proteins: CO- and post-translational mechanisms
176. Identification of a pore lining segment in gap junction hemichannels